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Hori H, Yoshida F, Ishida I, Matsuo J, Ogawa S, Hattori K, Kim Y, Kunugi H. Blood mRNA expression levels of glucocorticoid receptors and FKBP5 are associated with depressive disorder and altered HPA axis. J Affect Disord 2024; 349:244-253. [PMID: 38199409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While depression has been associated with alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis function, there is still controversy regarding the nature and extent of the dysfunction, such as in the debate about hypercortisolism vs. hypocortisolism. It may therefore be necessary to understand whether and how HPA axis function in depression is linked to mRNA expression of key genes regulating this system. METHODS We studied 163 depressed outpatients, most of whom were chronically ill, and 181 healthy controls. Blood mRNA expression levels of NR3C1 (including GRα, GRβ, and GR-P isoforms), FKBP4, and FKBP5 were measured at baseline. HPA axis feedback sensitivity was measured by the dexamethasone (Dex)/corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) test. The association between mRNA expression levels and HPA axis feedback sensitivity was examined. RESULTS Compared to controls, patients showed significantly higher expression of GRα and lower expression of FKBP5, and higher post-Dex cortisol levels, even after controlling for age and sex. FKBP5 expression was significantly positively correlated with cortisol levels in patients, while GRα expression was significantly negatively correlated with cortisol levels in controls. LIMITATIONS Most patients were taking psychotropic medications. The large number of correlation tests may have caused type I errors. CONCLUSIONS The tripartite relationship between depression, mRNA expression of GR and FKBP5, and HPA axis function suggests that the altered gene expression affects HPA axis dysregulation and, as a result, impacts the development and/or illness course of depressive disorder. The combination of increased GRα expression and decreased FKBP5 expression may serve as a biomarker for chronic depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Hori
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Fuyuko Yoshida
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ikki Ishida
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Matsuo
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shintaro Ogawa
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotaro Hattori
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan; Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Kim
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kunugi
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Harvey DH, Sugali CK, Mao W. Glucocorticoid-Induced Ocular Hypertension and Glaucoma. Clin Ophthalmol 2024; 18:481-505. [PMID: 38379915 PMCID: PMC10878139 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s442749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid (GC) therapy is indicated in many diseases, including ocular diseases. An important side-effect of GC therapy is GC-induced ocular hypertension (GIOHT), which may cause irreversible blindness known as GC-induced glaucoma (GIG). Here, we reviewed the pathological changes that contribute to GIOHT including in the trabecular meshwork and Schlemm's canal at cellular and molecular levels. We also discussed the clinical aspects of GIOHT/GIG including disease prevalence, risk factors, the type of GCs, the route of GC administration, and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon Hori Harvey
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Chenna Kesavulu Sugali
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Weiming Mao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Cree T, Gomez TR, Timpani CA, Rybalka E, Price JT, Goodman CA. FKBP25 regulates myoblast viability and migration and is differentially expressed in in vivo models of muscle adaptation. FEBS J 2023; 290:4660-4678. [PMID: 37345229 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
FKBP25 (FKBP3 gene) is a dual-domain PPIase protein that consists of a C-terminal PPIase domain and an N-terminal basic tilted helix bundle (BTHB). The PPIase domain of FKBP25 has been shown to bind to microtubules, which has impacts upon microtubule polymerisation and cell cycle progression. Using quantitative proteomics, it was recently found that FKBP25 was expressed in the top 10% of the mouse skeletal muscle proteome. However, to date there have been few studies investigating the role of FKBP25 in non-transformed systems. As such, this study aimed to investigate potential roles for FKBP25 in myoblast viability, migration and differentiation and in adaptation of mature skeletal muscle. Doxycycline-inducible FKBP25 knockdown in C2C12 myoblasts revealed an increase in cell accumulation/viability and migration in vitro that was independent of alterations in tubulin dynamics; however, FKBP25 knockdown had no discernible impact on myoblast differentiation into myotubes. Finally, a series of in vivo models of muscle adaptation were assessed, where it was observed that FKBP25 protein expression was increased in hypertrophy and regeneration conditions (chronic mechanical overload and the mdx model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy) but decreased in an atrophy model (denervation). Overall, the findings of this study establish FKBP25 as a regulator of myoblast viability and migration, with possible implications for satellite cell proliferation and migration and muscle regeneration, and as a potential regulator of in vivo skeletal muscle adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabitha Cree
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Australia
| | - Tania Ruz Gomez
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Cara A Timpani
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Australia
| | - Emma Rybalka
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Australia
| | - John T Price
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Australia
| | - Craig A Goodman
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), St Albans, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Centre for Muscle Research (CMR), The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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4
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Chudakova DA, Trubetskoy D, Baida G, Bhalla P, Readhead B, Budunova I. REDD1 (regulated in development and DNA damage 1) modulates the glucocorticoid receptor function in keratinocytes. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1725-1733. [PMID: 37483165 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases despite significant adverse effects including skin atrophy. Effects of GCs are mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a well-known transcription factor. Previously, we discovered that one of the GR target genes, REDD1, is causatively involved in skin atrophy. Here, we investigated its role in GR function using HaCaT REDD1 knockout (KO) keratinocytes. We found large differences in transcriptome of REDD1 KO and control Cas9 cells in response to glucocorticoid fluocinolone acetonide (FA): both the scope and amplitude of response were significantly decreased in REDD1 KO. The status of REDD1 did not affect GR stability/degradation during self-desensitization, and major steps in GR activation-its nuclear import and phosphorylation at activating Ser211. However, the amount of GR phosphorylated at Ser226 that may play negative role in GR signalling, was increased in the nuclei of REDD1 KO cells. GR nuclear import and transcriptional activity also depend on the composition of GR chaperone complex: exchange of chaperone FKBP51 (FK506-binding protein 5) for FKBP52 (FK506-binding protein 4) being a necessary step in GR activation. We found the increased expression and abnormal nuclear translocation of FKBP51 in both untreated and FA-treated REDD1 KO cells. Overall, our results suggest the existence of a feed-forward loop in GR signalling mediated by its target gene REDD1, which has translational potential for the development of safer GR-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Chudakova
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Federal Centre for Brain and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - D Trubetskoy
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - G Baida
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - P Bhalla
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- SBDRC, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - B Readhead
- ASU-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Centre, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - I Budunova
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- ASU-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Research Centre, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
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Ortiz NR, Guy N, Garcia YA, Sivils JC, Galigniana MD, Cox MB. Functions of the Hsp90-Binding FKBP Immunophilins. Subcell Biochem 2023; 101:41-80. [PMID: 36520303 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-14740-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The Hsp90 chaperone is known to interact with a diverse array of client proteins. However, in every case examined, Hsp90 is also accompanied by a single or several co-chaperone proteins. One class of co-chaperone contains a tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain that targets the co-chaperone to the C-terminal region of Hsp90. Within this class are Hsp90-binding peptidylprolyl isomerases, most of which belong to the FK506-binding protein (FKBP) family. Despite the common association of FKBP co-chaperones with Hsp90, it is abundantly clear that the client protein influences, and is often influenced by, the particular FKBP bound to Hsp90. Examples include Xap2 in aryl hydrocarbon receptor complexes and FKBP52 in steroid receptor complexes. In this chapter, we discuss the known functional roles played by FKBP co-chaperones and, where possible, relate distinctive functions to structural differences between FKBP members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina R Ortiz
- Border Biomedical Research Center and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Naihsuan Guy
- Border Biomedical Research Center and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Yenni A Garcia
- Border Biomedical Research Center and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Sivils
- Border Biomedical Research Center and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Mario D Galigniana
- Departamento de Química Biológica/IQUIBICEN, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marc B Cox
- Border Biomedical Research Center and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA.
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Cehofski LJ, Kruse A, Mæng MO, Sejergaard BF, Schlosser A, Sorensen GL, Grauslund J, Honoré B, Vorum H. Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant Is Active at the Molecular Level Eight Weeks after Implantation in Experimental Central Retinal Vein Occlusion. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27175687. [PMID: 36080454 PMCID: PMC9457885 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is a visually disabling condition resulting from a thrombus in the major outflow vessel of the eye. The inflammatory response in CRVO is effectively treated with a dexamethasone (DEX) intravitreal implant. Uncovering the proteome changes following DEX implant intervention in CRVO may identify key proteins that mediate the beneficial effects of DEX. In six Göttingen minipigs, CRVO was induced in both eyes with an argon laser using a well-established experimental model. The right eyes were treated with a DEX intravitreal implant (Ozurdex, Allergan), while the left control eyes received a sham injection. Eight weeks after DEX intervention, retinal samples were collected and analyzed with tandem mass tag-based mass spectrometry. DEX implant intervention resulted in the upregulation of peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP5 (FKBP5) and ubiquilin-4. Immunohistochemistry showed expression of FKBP5 in the nuclei in all cellular layers of the retina. Cell adhesion molecule 3, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 16, and trans-1,2-dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol dehydrogenase were downregulated following DEX intervention. The upregulation of the corticosteroid-sensitive protein FKBP5 suggests that the implant remained active at the molecular level after eight weeks of treatment. Future studies may investigate if FKBP5 regulates the efficacy and duration of the DEX implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Jørgensen Cehofski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Research Laboratory, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-65412788
| | - Anders Kruse
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mads Odgaard Mæng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Anders Schlosser
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Grith Lykke Sorensen
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Jakob Grauslund
- Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Bent Honoré
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henrik Vorum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
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Marcolongo F, Scarlata S, Tomino C, De Dominicis C, Giacconi R, Malavolta M, Bonassi S, Russo P, Prinzi G. Psycho-cognitive assessment and quality of life in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-carrying the rs4713916 gene polymorphism (G/A) of gene FKBP5 and response to pulmonary rehabilitation: a proof of concept study. Psychiatr Genet 2022; 32:116-124. [PMID: 35102127 DOI: 10.1097/ypg.0000000000000308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by pulmonary and extra-pulmonary multi-morbidity including depression, anxiety and cognitive disorders. Several studies investigated the association of the FKBP5 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to anxiety, depression, and behavioral disorders. The FKBP5 gene codifies the FKBP51 protein which modulates the glucocorticoid receptor in the adaptive stress response. Genetic variants of the FKBP5 gene have been associated to a higher risk of developing mental disorders. We analyzed the association of genetic variants and stress exposure investigating the susceptibility to psychological distress and the impact on cognitive balance and quality of life (QoL) of COPD patients carrying the rs4713916 polymorphism (G/A) and we examined its association, with COPD rehabilitative outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS A pilot study evaluated cognitive, psychological, clinical alterations/disorders, QoL, and coping strategies in 70 older adults with COPD, undergoing pulmonary rehabilitation, stratified according to the FKBP5 rs4713916 genotype (GG or GA). RESULTS Carriers of rs4713916 polymorphisms (G/A) show better cognitive performances, a higher degree of independence in the daily living activities, better QoL, no presence of depressive mood and anxiety symptoms, no family history of psychiatric disorders, more ability to cope with stressors by avoiding emotions but demanding emotional support, and lesser use of anti-anxiety, anti-depressant, anti-psychotic, hypnotic-sedative drugs. No difference was found in the number of comorbidities. CONCLUSION These results offer valuable insights into the role of FKBP5 in the complex network of mechanisms associated to clinical, psychological and behavioral features of COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Marcolongo
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta
| | - Simone Scarlata
- Unit of Geriatrics, Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, University, Via Alvaro del Portillo
| | - Carlo Tomino
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta
| | - Chiara De Dominicis
- Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta, Rome
| | - Robertina Giacconi
- Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific Technological Area, IRCCS-INRCA, Via Giuseppe Birarelli, Ancona
| | - Marco Malavolta
- Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific Technological Area, IRCCS-INRCA, Via Giuseppe Birarelli, Ancona
| | - Stefano Bonassi
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Russo
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Prinzi
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta
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Shields AE, Zhang Y, Argentieri MA, Warner ET, Cozier YC, Liu C, Dye CK, Kent BV, Baccarelli AA, Palmer JR. Stress and spirituality in relation to HPA axis gene methylation among US Black women: results from the Black Women's Health Study and the Study on Stress, Spirituality and Health. Epigenomics 2021; 13:1711-1734. [PMID: 34726080 PMCID: PMC8579940 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Few epigenetics studies have been conducted within the Black community to examine the impact of diverse psychosocial stressors and resources for resiliency on the stress pathway (hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis). Methods: Among 1000 participants from the Black Women's Health Study, associations between ten psychosocial stressors and DNA methylation (DNAm) of four stress-related genes (NR3C1, HSDB1, HSD11B2 and FKBP5) were tested. Whether religiosity or spirituality (R/S) significantly modified these stress-DNAm associations was also assessed. Results: Associations were found for several stressors with DNAm of individual CpG loci and average DNAm levels across each gene, but no associations remained significant after false discovery rate (FDR) correction. Several R/S variables appeared to modify the relationship between two stressors and DNAm, but no identified interaction remained significant after FDR correction. Conclusion: There is limited evidence for a strong signal between stress and DNAm of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis genes in this general population cohort of US Black women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E Shields
- Harvard/MGH Center on Genomics, Vulnerable Populations & Health Disparities, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yuankai Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - M Austin Argentieri
- Harvard/MGH Center on Genomics, Vulnerable Populations & Health Disparities, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- School of Anthropology & Museum Ethnography, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX2 6PE, UK
| | - Erica T Warner
- Harvard/MGH Center on Genomics, Vulnerable Populations & Health Disparities, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Clinical Translational Epidemiology Unit, Mongan Institute, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yvette C Cozier
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Christian K Dye
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Blake Victor Kent
- Department of Sociology, Westmont College, Santa Barbara, CA 93108, USA
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Julie R Palmer
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Smedlund KB, Sanchez ER, Hinds TD. FKBP51 and the molecular chaperoning of metabolism. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2021; 32:862-874. [PMID: 34481731 PMCID: PMC8516732 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The molecular chaperone FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51) is gaining attention as a meaningful biomarker of metabolic dysfunction. This review examines the emerging contributions of FKBP51 in adipogenesis and lipid metabolism, myogenesis and protein catabolism, and glucocorticoid-induced skin hypoplasia and dermal adipocytes. The FKBP51 signaling mechanisms that may explain these metabolic consequences are discussed. These mechanisms are diverse, with FKBP51 independently and directly regulating phosphorylation cascades and nuclear receptors. We provide a discussion of the newly developed compounds that antagonize FKBP51, which may offer therapeutic advantages for adiposity. These observations suggest we are only beginning to uncover the complex nature of FKBP51 and its molecular chaperoning of metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn B Smedlund
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Edwin R Sanchez
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Terry D Hinds
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, Markey Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40508, USA.
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Raj P, Kumar K, Balasubramaniam S, Geetha CS, Agarwal A. Intraocular pressure fluctuation following intravitreal dexamethasone implant and incidence of secondary ocular hypertension: a Zambian perspective. Pan Afr Med J 2021; 39:108. [PMID: 34512844 PMCID: PMC8396385 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.39.108.23528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone biodegradable implant (DEX-I), on intraocular pressure (IOP), to determine the incidence of secondary ocular hypertension (OHT) and to analyze the IOP changes as per the treatment indication in Zambian cohort. Methods retrospective consecutive case series of patients receiving one DEX-I between January 2016 and September 2018 with a minimum follow-up of four months in a tertiary care centre in Zambia. The IOP was recorded before the injection and at 1st week, 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th month after the injection. Ocular hypertension was defined as IOP ≥ 21 mmHg or an increase of ≥ 10 mmHg from baseline. Results the effects of 122 injections given to ninety - nine patients (65 male: 65%; mean age 57.3) were included. The main indications for treatment were diabetic macular edema (DME, 52%), retinal vein occlusion (18%), post-surgical macular edema (18%) and non-infectious posterior uveitis (10%). Mean IOP before the injection was was 14.7mmHg and at 1st week, 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th months after the injection it was 14.4 (p=0.08), 16.1 (p=0.01), 17.5 (p<0.001), 15.7 (p=0.006) and 14.9 (p=0.06) mmHg, respectively. The incidence of secondary OHT was 30.32% in this cohort. Peak incidence of OHT was between 1 - 2 months, with majority of cases in DME group (75%) and 43% diabetic eyes followed by 23% non-infectious posterior uveitis cases developing OHT post injection. OHT was well managed with anti-glaucoma medications only. Conclusion DEX-I showed a good pressure tolerance in this cohort. Secondary ocular hypertension developed in one-third of patients receiving injection which was transient and successfully managed with topical anti-glaucoma medications only. Diabetic eyes are more prone to develop ocular hypertension and therefore needs close monitoring following injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Raj
- Sankara Nethralaya, Mukundapur, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | | | - Amar Agarwal
- Dr. Agarwal's Eye Hospital, Alwarpet, Chennai, India
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HUZARD D, RAPPENEAU V, MEIJER OC, TOUMA C, ARANGO-LIEVANO M, GARABEDIAN MJ, JEANNETEAU F. Experience and activity-dependent control of glucocorticoid receptors during the stress response in large-scale brain networks. Stress 2021; 24:130-153. [PMID: 32755268 PMCID: PMC7907260 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2020.1806226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity of actions of the glucocorticoid stress hormones among individuals and within organs, tissues and cells is shaped by age, gender, genetics, metabolism, and the quantity of exposure. However, such factors cannot explain the heterogeneity of responses in the brain within cells of the same lineage, or similar tissue environment, or in the same individual. Here, we argue that the stress response is continuously updated by synchronized neural activity on large-scale brain networks. This occurs at the molecular, cellular and behavioral levels by crosstalk communication between activity-dependent and glucocorticoid signaling pathways, which updates the diversity of responses based on prior experience. Such a Bayesian process determines adaptation to the demands of the body and external world. We propose a framework for understanding how the diversity of glucocorticoid actions throughout brain networks is essential for supporting optimal health, while its disruption may contribute to the pathophysiology of stress-related disorders, such as major depression, and resistance to therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien HUZARD
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Montpellier, France
| | - Virginie RAPPENEAU
- Department of Behavioural Biology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Onno C. MEIJER
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Chadi TOUMA
- Department of Behavioural Biology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Margarita ARANGO-LIEVANO
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Freddy JEANNETEAU
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Montpellier, France
- Corresponding author:
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12
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Chen X, Jiang Y, Li W, Li X, Lin Y, Liu X, Jiang Z, Xiao Z. Six-ingredient-Xiao-qing-long decoction inhibited TGF- β1-induced proliferation and migration of human airway smooth muscle cells by regulating FKBP51/AKT signaling. ALL LIFE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2021.1875055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiufeng Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonghong Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuxiu Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyan Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Skrzypczak-Zielinska M, Gabryel M, Marszalek D, Dobrowolska A, Slomski R. NGS study of glucocorticoid response genes in inflammatory bowel disease patients. Arch Med Sci 2021; 17:417-433. [PMID: 33747278 PMCID: PMC7959014 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.84470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite intensive research and a long history of glucocorticoids being applied in various clinical areas, they still generate a challenge for personalized medicine by causing resistance or dependence in nearly 50% of patients treated. The objective of the present study was to determine the genetic predictors of variable reactions in inflammatory bowel disease patients to glucocorticoid therapy. Therefore, based on the current knowledge on how glucocorticoids act, we have compiled a panel of 21 genes for variant analysis: NR3C1, NLRP1, IPO13, FKBP5, HSPA4, ABCB1, STIP1, HSP90AA1, IL-1A, IL-1B, IL-2, IL-4, CXCL8, IL-10, NFKBIA, JUN, MIF, TNF, MAPK14, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5. MATERIAL AND METHODS These genes were analyzed using the amplicon next-generation sequencing method in a group of 139 diagnosed and clinically characterized inflammatory bowel disease patients with a confirmed glucocorticoid response. RESULTS Analysis of all the targeted DNA sequences for the whole patient group indicated 121 different functional variants. After association analyses of 31 selected variants, the polymorphism c.1088A>G in the NR3C1 gene was linked with glucocorticoid resistance (p = 0.002), variant c.241+6A>G of the FKBP5 gene with glucocorticoid sensitivity (p = 0.040), and deletion c.306-7delT in the MAPK14 gene with an adverse therapeutic effect (dependency and resistance, p = 0.041) in ulcerative colitis patients. In Crohn's disease, the change c.2685+49T>C of the ABCB1 gene related to glucocorticoid resistance (p = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS Among the 21 analyzed genes, four (NR3C1, FKBP5, MAPK14, and ABCB1) revealed a significant impact on the glucocorticoid treatment response, which could result in valuable pharmacogenetic biomarkers after being confirmed in other populations and in functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcin Gabryel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Daria Marszalek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Dobrowolska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ryszard Slomski
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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14
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Li H, Su P, Lai TK, Jiang A, Liu J, Zhai D, Campbell CT, Lee FH, Yong W, Pasricha S, Li S, Wong AH, Ressler KJ, Liu F. The glucocorticoid receptor-FKBP51 complex contributes to fear conditioning and posttraumatic stress disorder. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:877-889. [PMID: 31929189 DOI: 10.1172/jci130363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can develop after exposure to severe psychological trauma, leaving patients with disabling anxiety, nightmares, and flashbacks. Current treatments are only partially effective, and development of better treatments is hampered by limited knowledge of molecular mechanisms underlying PTSD. We have discovered that the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP51) form a protein complex that is elevated in PTSD patients compared with unaffected control subjects, subjects exposed to trauma without PTSD, and patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The GR-FKBP51 complex is also elevated in fear-conditioned mice, an aversive learning paradigm that models some aspects of PTSD. Both PTSD patients and fear-conditioned mice had decreased GR phosphorylation, decreased nuclear GR, and lower expression of 14-3-3ε, a gene regulated by GR. We created a peptide that disrupts GR-FKBP51 binding and reverses behavioral and molecular changes induced by fear conditioning. This peptide reduces freezing time and increases GR phosphorylation, GR-FKBP52 binding, GR nuclear translocation, and 14-3-3ε expression in fear-conditioned mice. These experiments demonstrate a molecular mechanism contributing to PTSD and suggest that the GR-FKBP51 complex may be a diagnostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for preventing or treating PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyin Li
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ping Su
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Terence Ky Lai
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anlong Jiang
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jing Liu
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dongxu Zhai
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charlie Tg Campbell
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frankie Hf Lee
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - WeiDong Yong
- Comparative Medical Center, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Suvercha Pasricha
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and
| | - Shupeng Li
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and
| | - Albert Hc Wong
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kerry J Ressler
- McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Fang Liu
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Abstract
Glaucoma is seen as a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by optical neuropathy with associated visual field loss; one of the main risk factors for its development is increased intraocular pressure (IOP). In the case of drug-induced glaucoma (DIG), patients develop elevated IOP, optic neuropathy and visual field defects associated with the use of certain drugs. Corticosteroids are one of the most well-known classes of drugs that can cause an increase in IOP through the open-angle mechanism. Drug-induced glaucoma, which develops similarly to open-angle glaucoma, can also be caused by some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, antibodies to the endothelial growth factor, etc. Classes of drugs that can cause angle-closure glaucoma include topical anticholinergic or sympathomimetic drops, tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, antihistamines, antiparkinsonian drugs, antipsychotic drugs, antispasmodics. Products containing sulfa group drugs can cause DIG due to a different closing angle mechanism involving a forward rotation of the ciliary body. It is important for medical practitioners to be aware of this unwanted drug reaction in order to prevent, detect and treat DIG. In the case of drug-induced increase in IOP, if the underlying disease allows discontinuation of drugs, this measure usually leads to normalization of IOP. In cases when the patient's IOP does not normalize after discontinuation of steroids or when they must continue to take corticosteroids, the administration of topical drugs for the treatment of glaucoma should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- O D Ostroumova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.,Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Shikh
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Rebrova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | | | - L K Moshetova
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
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16
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Transplantation of iPSC-TM stimulates division of trabecular meshwork cells in human eyes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2905. [PMID: 32076077 PMCID: PMC7031365 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59941-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The trabecular meshwork’s (TM) physiological role is to maintain normal intraocular pressure by regulating aqueous humor outflow. With age, and particularly in eyes with primary open angle glaucoma, the number of cells residing within the TM is markedly decreased and the function of the tissue is compromised. Here we evaluate if transplantation of induced pluripotent stem cell derived TM like cells (iPSC-TM) restores TM cellularity and function in human eyes obtained from older human donors. Human iPSC were differentiated into iPSC-TM and compared to primary TM cells by RNAseq. iPSC-TM were then injected into the anterior segments of human eyes maintained in perfusion culture. Seven and 14 days eyes after injection eyes that received iPSC-TM contained significantly more cells in the TM. Fewer than 1% of all cells appeared to be iPSC-TM, but significantly more cells in these eyes were immunopositive for Ki 67 and incorporated BrdU. Our study demonstrates that transplantation iPSC-TM stimulates proliferation of endogenous TM cells in perfusion cultured human eyes from aged donors. These data, in concert with our previous findings in animal models, suggest that functional regeneration of the TM may be possible in human eyes with primary open angle glaucoma.
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17
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Musleh MG, Bokre D, Dahlmann-Noor AH. Risk of intraocular pressure elevation after topical steroids in children and adults: A systematic review. Eur J Ophthalmol 2019; 30:856-866. [PMID: 31668084 DOI: 10.1177/1120672119885050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Topical steroids may induce a rise in intraocular pressure. The risk may increase with prolonged use, high frequency of administration, young age, higher ocular penetrance and higher anti-inflammatory potency. We aimed to study this relationship by comparing published rates of intraocular pressure elevation following administration of topical steroids and compared the risk of higher versus lower dosage regimes, high- versus low-potency/penetration steroids and adults versus children. Data sources used were Ovid Embase, Ovid Medline, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Scopus, CINHAL Plus and LILACS. Eligible studies were randomised controlled trials of topical steroids versus any other topical steroid, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, placebo or vehicle, or a different mode of administration administered for 7 days or longer that reported intraocular pressure elevation from baseline as >10, 6-15 or >15 mm Hg in adults or children. Risks of bias were reviewed using the GRADE quality approach. Data were extracted into the software package, RevMan, Version 5 (Cochrane Collaboration). In total, 43 studies were included. Meta-analysis was not possible. Topical steroids of lower anti-inflammatory potency, and with reduced intraocular penetration, are associated with reduced incidence of intraocular pressure elevation. A comparison of data in children and adults is limited by the use of different reporting systems. The principal obstacle to meta-analysis is the different reporting systems used to categorise intraocular pressure elevation. We recommend future studies should report intraocular pressure elevation >10 mm Hg from baseline to allow meta-analysis of data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Desta Bokre
- Joint Library of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Annegret H Dahlmann-Noor
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
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18
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Song W, Fu S, Song S, Zhang S, Zhang L, Ness S, Desai M, Yi J. Longitudinal detection of retinal alterations by visible and near-infrared optical coherence tomography in a dexamethasone-induced ocular hypertension mouse model. NEUROPHOTONICS 2019; 6:041103. [PMID: 31312670 PMCID: PMC6614697 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.6.4.041103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The retina, as part of the central nervous system, has distinct anatomical and structural properties for its visual function. Light scattering spectroscopy, while widely used for tissue structural characterization and disease diagnosis, has been relatively unexplored in the living retina. Recently, we have developed a fiber-based visible and near-infrared optical coherence tomography system (vnOCT) for in vivo retinal imaging, to uniquely measure a spectroscopic marker (VN ratio) sensitive to nanoscale pathological changes. In the present study, we applied vnOCT in an animal model of glaucoma (dexamethasone-induced ocular hypertension mouse) and tested the capabilities of four optical markers, VN ratio, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, total retinal blood flow, and hemoglobin oxygen saturation ( sO 2 ), for the detection of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) damage in association with ocular hypertension. We found that RNFL-RGC VN ratio and arteriovenous (A-V) sO 2 are capable of detecting early retinal alteration in ocular hypertensive eyes, preceding measurable change of RNFL thickness. This study suggests a potential clinical application of vnOCT in early detection of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiye Song
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Sipei Fu
- Boston University, Department of Biology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Shangshang Song
- Boston University Sargent School of Rehabilitation, Department of Health Science, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Sui Zhang
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Lei Zhang
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Steven Ness
- Boston Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Manishi Desai
- Boston Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Ji Yi
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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19
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Sharma A, Kuppermann BD, Bandello F, Lanzetta P, Zur D, Park SW, Yu HG, Saravanan VR, Zacharias LC, Barreira AK, Iglicki M, Miassi F, Veritti D, Tsao S, Makam D, Jain N, Loewenstein A. Intraocular pressure (IOP) after intravitreal dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex) amongst different geographic populations-GEODEX-IOP study. Eye (Lond) 2019; 34:1063-1068. [PMID: 31570814 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-019-0616-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyse the intraocular pressure rise after intravitreal dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex) amongst different geographic populations. METHODS The medical charts of 294 dexamethasone implants between February 2011 and 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. South Asian (India), White (Europe, US and Israel) Latino (Argentina and Brazil) patient data was included in the study. Ocular hypertension (OHT) was defined as intraocular pressure of >25 mmHg or an increase of at least 10 mmHg from baseline. The main indications for treatment were diabetic macular edema (ME) (65.6%), retinal vein occlusion (26.5%), uveitis (7.8%). RESULTS Amongst 294 intravitreal implants, ocular hypertension (>25 mmHg) was recorded in 0, 8 and 9.5% in White, Latino, and South Asian groups, respectively. However, IOP > 20 mmHg was recorded in 14%, 28% and 27% in White, Latino, and South Asian groups, respectively. Incidence of very high IOP (>35 mmHg) was lower in all geographical groups. It was 3% in Latino followed by 2% in South Asian group. CONCLUSION Latino and South Asian groups have higher IOP rise compared to White population. Most patients with elevated IOP fluctuate between 20-25 mmHg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Sharma
- Lotus Eye Hospital and Institute, Avinashi Road, Coimbatore, TN, India.
| | - Baruch D Kuppermann
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute at the University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Francesco Bandello
- University Vita-Salute, Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Paolo Lanzetta
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Dinah Zur
- Division of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center And Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sung Wook Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.,Seran Eye Center, Seoul, 06167, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Gon Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - V R Saravanan
- Department of Vitreoretina, Aravind Eye Hospital, Coimbatore, TN, India
| | - Leandro Cabral Zacharias
- University of Sao Paulo Medical School Allan Kardec Barreira: Attending- University of Sao Paulo; Medical Director- HCLOE Eye Hospital, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alan K Barreira
- University of Sao Paulo Medical School Allan Kardec Barreira: Attending- University of Sao Paulo; Medical Director- HCLOE Eye Hospital, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matias Iglicki
- Private Retina Service. University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Daniele Veritti
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Sean Tsao
- Gavin Herbert Eye Institute at the University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Deepika Makam
- Lotus Eye Hospital and Institute, Avinashi Road, Coimbatore, TN, India
| | - Nidhee Jain
- Department of Vitreoretina, Aravind Eye Hospital, Coimbatore, TN, India
| | - Anat Loewenstein
- Division of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center And Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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20
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Stress, epigenetics and depression: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 102:139-152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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21
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Choi W, Park SE, Kang HG, Byeon SH, Kim SS, Koh HJ, Lee S, Seong GJ, Kim CY, Kim M. Intraocular pressure change after injection of intravitreal dexamethasone (Ozurdex) implant in Korean patients. Br J Ophthalmol 2018; 103:1380-1387. [PMID: 30523044 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-312958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS To analyse intraocular pressure (IOP) changes over a period of 1 year after intravitreal dexamethasone (DEX, Ozurdex) implant injection and to compare the results with those of previously published studies that involved non-Asian populations. METHODS A retrospective observational study was conducted. A total of 540 eyes of 503 patients who received DEX implant injection and were diagnosed with macular oedema (ME) due to various retinal diseases were examined. IOP was measured prior to injection and at 1 week, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after DEX implant injection. IOP elevation was divided into four categories: postinjection IOP of >35 mm Hg, >30 mm Hg and >25 mm Hg, and an IOP elevation of >10 mm Hg, relative to the baseline measurement. RESULTS The mean baseline IOP was 13.45±2.95. The mean IOP gradually increased until 2 months postinjection (IOP=16.85±5.96 mm Hg, p<0.001) and then gradually decreased until 12 months postinjection (IOP=13.80±4.04mm Hg, p=0.16). IOP was >25 mm Hg in 57 eyes (10.6%), >30mm Hg in 29 eyes (5.4%) and >35mm Hg in 9 eyes (1.7%); IOP exhibited >10 mm Hg elevation from the baseline IOP in 61 eyes (11.3%). Overall, the incidence rate of IOP elevation after DEX treatment was 12.6% (68 eyes). Among the 68 eyes (12.6%) with elevated IOP, 60 (11.1%) required treatment: 59 (10.9%) required IOP-lowering medication and 1 (0.2%) ultimately required surgical interventions. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of adverse IOP elevation requiring the prolonged use of IOP-lowering medication and surgical intervention after DEX implantation was significantly lower than the incidence reported in previous Western population-based studies. Intravitreal DEX injection may therefore be an effective and relatively safe treatment modality for ME in Asian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wungrak Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Eun Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Goo Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Ho Byeon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Jun Koh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungchul Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gong Je Seong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Yun Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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22
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Huang K, Ran L, Wang W, Zhou R, Cai X, Li R, Li Y, Zhou C, He W, Wang R. Glucocorticoid insensitivity by staphylococcal enterotoxin B in keratinocytes of allergic dermatitis is associated with impaired nuclear translocation of the Glucocorticoid Receptor α. J Dermatol Sci 2018; 92:272-280. [PMID: 30522881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND staphylococcal enterotoxin plays an important role in patients with glucocorticoid (GC)-resistant atopic dermatitis (AD), but the exact mechanism is not fully understood. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying the ability of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) to induce steroid insensitivity through impaired nuclear translocation of GRα in keratinocytes. METHODS The steroid-resistant AD induced by SEB was assessed by analyzing dermatitis score, dermal thickness, scratching behavior, infiltrating cells/HPF, levels of SEB-specific IgE and IgG2a antibody. In addition, dexamethasone (DEX)-induced GRα nuclear translocation and keratinocyte-derived cytokines and chemokines were analyzed in the lesional keratinocytes of AD and in HaCaT cells. Furthermore, the expressions of immunophilins FKBP51, FKBP52 and HSP90 responsive to GC in HaCaT cells were determined in the presence of SEB. RESULTS SEB dose-dependently diminished the inhibitory effect of DEX on dermatitis score, dermal thickness, scratching behavior, infiltrating cells/HPF, keratinocyte-derived cytokines and chemokines such as RANTES, MCP-1, TSLP and GM-CSF. In vivo and in vitro data showed that in the presence of DEX, SEB dose-dependently caused a marked decrease of GRα nuclear translocation in lesional keratinocytes of AD and in HaCaT cells. Importantly, in the presence of DEX, SEB increased the expression of FKBP51 and the product of keratinocyte-derived cytokines and chemokines in HaCaT cells. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that GC insensitivity by SEB in keratinocytes of AD is associated with impaired nuclear translocation of the GRα. Increased DEX-induced FKBP51 by SEB may contribute to accumulation of the GRα in cytoplasm of keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Huang
- Department of Dermatology and Rheumatology Immunology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Lei Ran
- Department of Dermatology and Rheumatology Immunology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Rheumatology Immunology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Dermatology and Rheumatology Immunology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Cai
- Department of Dermatology and Rheumatology Immunology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Dermatology and Rheumatology Immunology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Yuanchao Li
- Department of Dermatology and Rheumatology Immunology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Chunli Zhou
- Department of Dermatology and Rheumatology Immunology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Dermatology and Rheumatology Immunology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Rupeng Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Rheumatology Immunology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China.
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Placental FKBP51 mediates a link between second trimester maternal anxiety and birthweight in female infants. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15151. [PMID: 30310158 PMCID: PMC6181924 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33357-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal distress is associated with adverse outcomes in affected offspring. Alterations in placental glucocorticoid signalling and subsequent foetal overexposure to glucocorticoids have been implicated as an underlying mechanism. Infant sex is emerging as an important factor in disease susceptibility. This study aimed to examine the effects of maternal distress across pregnancy on birth outcomes and placental glucocorticoid genes in a sex-dependent manner. Participants completed psychological distress questionnaires throughout pregnancy. Placental HSD11B2, NR3C1 and FKBP51 were analysed by real time PCR and cortisol was measured in new-born hair. Second trimester stress was negatively correlated with birthweight in males and positively correlated with placental NR3C1 mRNA in females. Second trimester anxiety was negatively correlated with birthweight and placental FKBP51 mRNA in females. In mediation analysis, placental FKBP51 mRNA expression was found to mediate the link between prenatal anxiety and birthweight. New-born cortisol was negatively correlated with second trimester anxiety and positively correlated with female placental FKBP51 mRNA levels. Again, FKBP51 mRNA was found to mediate the link between anxiety and new-born cortisol. These results highlight a role for FKBP51 in the placental response to prenatal distress in females. The precise role that placental FKBP51 has in foetal and infant development has not been extensively studied and warrants further investigations.
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Ferrer A, Costas J, Labad J, Salvat-Pujol N, Segalàs C, Urretavizcaya M, Real E, de Arriba-Arnau A, Alonso P, Crespo JM, Barrachina M, Soriano-Mas C, Carracedo Á, Menchón JM, Soria V. FKBP5 polymorphisms and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis negative feedback in major depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2018; 104:227-234. [PMID: 30107269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have both been linked to abnormalities in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Polymorphisms in the genes involved in HPA axis activity, such as FKBP5, and their interactions with childhood trauma have been associated with stress-related mental disorders. Our goal was to study the role of FKBP5 genetic variants in HPA axis negative feedback regulation as a possible risk factor for different mental disorders such as MDD and OCD, while controlling for childhood trauma, anxiety and depressive symptoms. The sample included 266 participants divided into three groups: 1) MDD (n = 89 [n = 73 melancholic; n = 3 atypical]), 2) OCD (n = 51; 39% with comorbid MDD [n = 13 melancholic; n = 7 atypical]) and 3) healthy controls (n = 126). Childhood trauma, trait anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed. HPA negative feedback was analyzed using the dexamethasone suppression test ratio (DSTR) after administration of 0.25 mg of dexamethasone. Twelve SNPs in the FKBP5 gene were selected for genotyping. Multiple linear regressions, after adjusting for the covariates considered, showed a reduced DSTR in individuals with the rs9470079-A variant that was significant after correction for multiple testing. Childhood trauma did not moderate the association between the rs9470079 and DSTR. Our results support the evidence that FKBP5 genetic variation could lead to abnormal HPA axis negative feedback independent of diagnosis. Therefore, this association can be identified as a transdiagnostic feature, offering an interesting opportunity to identify patients with higher stress vulnerability. Further studies focusing on the influence of FKBP5 on measurable biological endophenotypes are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Ferrer
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Neurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Costas
- Grupo de Xenética Psiquiátrica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Servizo Galego de Saúde, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Javier Labad
- Department of Mental Health, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Spain
| | - Neus Salvat-Pujol
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Neurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cinto Segalàs
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Neurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental Health, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Spain
| | - Mikel Urretavizcaya
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Neurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental Health, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Real
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Neurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental Health, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Spain
| | - Aida de Arriba-Arnau
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Neurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pino Alonso
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Neurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental Health, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M Crespo
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Neurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental Health, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Barrachina
- Neuropathology Group, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Carlos III Health Institute, Spain
| | - Carles Soriano-Mas
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Neurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental Health, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Spain; Department of Psychobiology and Methodology of Health Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ángel Carracedo
- Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica, Servicio Galego de Saúde, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Grupo de Medicina Xenómica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Centro Nacional de Genotipado - Instituto Carlos III, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Carlos III Health Institute, Spain
| | - José M Menchón
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Neurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental Health, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Virginia Soria
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Neurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental Health, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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A Functional riboSNitch in the 3' Untranslated Region of FKBP5 Alters MicroRNA-320a Binding Efficiency and Mediates Vulnerability to Chronic Post-Traumatic Pain. J Neurosci 2018; 38:8407-8420. [PMID: 30150364 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3458-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that common variants of the gene coding for FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP5), a critical regulator of glucocorticoid sensitivity, affect vulnerability to stress-related disorders. In a previous report, FKBP5 rs1360780 was identified as a functional variant because of its effect on gene methylation. Here we report evidence for a novel functional FKBP5 allele, rs3800373. This study assessed the association between rs3800373 and post-traumatic chronic pain in 1607 women and men from two ethnically diverse human cohorts. The molecular mechanism through which rs3800373 affects adverse outcomes was established via in silico, in vivo, and in vitro analyses. The rs3800373 minor allele predicted worse adverse outcomes after trauma exposure, such that individuals with the minor (risk) allele developed more severe post-traumatic chronic musculoskeletal pain. Among these individuals, peritraumatic circulating FKBP5 expression levels increased as cortisol and glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) mRNA levels increased, consistent with increased glucocorticoid resistance. Bioinformatic, in vitro, and mutational analyses indicate that the rs3800373 minor allele reduces the binding of a stress- and pain-associated microRNA, miR-320a, to FKBP5 via altering the FKBP5 mRNA 3'UTR secondary structure (i.e., is a riboSNitch). This results in relatively greater FKBP5 translation, unchecked by miR-320a. Overall, these results identify an important gene-miRNA interaction influencing chronic pain risk in vulnerable individuals and suggest that exogenous methods to achieve targeted reduction in poststress FKBP5 mRNA expression may constitute useful therapeutic strategies.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT FKBP5 is a critical regulator of the stress response. Previous studies have shown that dysregulation of the expression of this gene plays a role in the pathogenesis of chronic pain development as well as a number of comorbid neuropsychiatric disorders. In the current study, we identified a functional allele (rs3800373) in the 3'UTR of FKBP5 that influences vulnerability to chronic post-traumatic pain in two ethnic cohorts. Using multiple complementary experimental approaches, we show that the FKBP5 rs3800373 minor allele alters the secondary structure of FKBP5 mRNA, decreasing the binding of a stress- and pain-associated microRNA, miR-320a. This results in relatively greater FKBP5 translation, unchecked by miR-320a, increasing glucocorticoid resistance and increasing vulnerability to post-traumatic pain.
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From feedback loop transitions to biomarkers in the psycho-immune-neuroendocrine network: Detecting the critical transition from health to major depression. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Leistner C, Menke A. How to measure glucocorticoid receptor's sensitivity in patients with stress-related psychiatric disorders. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 91:235-260. [PMID: 29449045 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Stress is a state of derailed homeostasis and a main environmental risk factor for psychiatric diseases. Chronic or uncontrollable stress may lead to a dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which is a common feature of stress-related psychiatric disorders. One of the key mechanisms underlying a disturbed HPA axis is an impaired function of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) with an enhanced or reduced feedback sensitivity for glucocorticoids and subsequently altered concentrations of peripheral cortisol. GR function is regulated by a multiprotein complex including the different expression of the hsp90 co-chaperone FK 506 binding protein 51 (FKBP5) that may be genetically determined or acquired in response to stressful stimuli. Specific patterns of a dysregulation of the HPA axis and GR function are found in different stress-related psychiatric entities e.g. major depression, job-related exhaustion or posttraumatic stress disorder. GR challenge tests like the dexamethasone-suppression test (DST), the dexamethasone-corticotropin-releasing hormone (dex-CRH) test or most recently the analysis of the dexamethasone-induced gene expression are employed to sensitively measure HPA axis activity in these disorders. They provide information for a stratification of phenotypic similar but neurobiological diverse psychiatric disorders. In this review we present a synopsis of GR challenge tests with a focus on the application of the DST, the CRH test and the dex-CRH test as well as the dexamethasone-induced gene expression in stress-related psychiatric entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Leistner
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Margarete-Hoeppel-Platz 1, Wuerzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Andreas Menke
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Margarete-Hoeppel-Platz 1, Wuerzburg, 97080, Germany; Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, Wuerzburg, 97080, Germany.
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Cehofski LJ, Kruse A, Magnusdottir SO, Alsing AN, Nielsen JE, Kirkeby S, Honoré B, Vorum H. Dexamethasone intravitreal implant downregulates PDGFR-α and upregulates caveolin-1 in experimental branch retinal vein occlusion. Exp Eye Res 2018; 171:174-182. [PMID: 29505751 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A dexamethasone (DEX) intravitreal implant (OZURDEX) provides an effective treatment of inflammation secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Retinal proteome changes which mediate the beneficial effects of the implant remain poorly understood. To study retinal proteome changes in BRVO following an intervention with a DEX implant this study combined an experimental model of BRVO with proteomic techniques. In eight Danish Landrace pigs experimental BRVO was induced in both eyes using argon laser. After inducing BRVO a DEX implant was injected into the right eye of each animal while the left control eye was given an identical injection without an implant. Fifteen days after BRVO and DEX implant intervention the retinas were excised and analyzed with tandem mass tag based mass spectrometry. A total of 26 significantly changed proteins were identified. DEX intervention reduced the retinal levels of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α (PDGFR-α) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2). DEX treatment resulted in increased levels of caveolin-1, peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP5 and transgelin. Changes in PDGFR-α and caveolin-1 were confirmed with immunohistochemistry. In BRVO treated with the DEX implant a strong reaction for caveolin-1 was observed in the innermost retinal layers. DEX implant intervention may inhibit PDGF signaling by decreasing the retinal level of PDGFR-α while an increased content of caveolin-1 may help maintain the integrity of the blood-retinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Jørgensen Cehofski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Biomedical Research Laboratory, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Anders Kruse
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Sigriður Olga Magnusdottir
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Alexander Nørgård Alsing
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Biomedical Research Laboratory, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Svend Kirkeby
- Department of Odontology, School of Dentistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bent Honoré
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henrik Vorum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Nagy C, Vaillancourt K, Turecki G. A role for activity-dependent epigenetics in the development and treatment of major depressive disorder. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2018; 17:e12446. [DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Nagy
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Department of Psychiatry; McGill University; Montreal Canada
| | - K. Vaillancourt
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Department of Psychiatry; McGill University; Montreal Canada
| | - G. Turecki
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Department of Psychiatry; McGill University; Montreal Canada
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30
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Rufini S, Ciccacci C, Novelli G, Borgiani P. Pharmacogenetics of inflammatory bowel disease: a focus on Crohn's disease. Pharmacogenomics 2017; 18:1095-1114. [PMID: 28686143 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2017-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disease showing a high heterogeneity in phenotype and a strong genetic component. The treatment is complex, due to different severity of clinical parameters and to the fact that therapies only permit to control symptoms and to induce remission for short periods. Moreover, all categories of drugs present a great interindividual variability both in terms of efficacy and side effects appearance. For this reason, the identification of specific genomic biomarkers involved in drugs response will be of great clinical utility in order to foresee drug's efficacy and to prevent adverse reactions, permitting a more personalized therapeutic approach. In this review, we focus the attention on the pharmacogenetic studies regarding drugs commonly utilized in Crohn's disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rufini
- Department of Biomedicine & Prevention, Genetics Unit, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Ciccacci
- Department of Biomedicine & Prevention, Genetics Unit, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- Department of Biomedicine & Prevention, Genetics Unit, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Borgiani
- Department of Biomedicine & Prevention, Genetics Unit, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
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Bekhbat M, Rowson SA, Neigh GN. Checks and balances: The glucocorticoid receptor and NFĸB in good times and bad. Front Neuroendocrinol 2017; 46:15-31. [PMID: 28502781 PMCID: PMC5523465 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Mutual regulation and balance between the endocrine and immune systems facilitate an organism's stress response and are impaired following chronic stress or prolonged immune activation. Concurrent alterations in stress physiology and immunity are increasingly recognized as contributing factors to several stress-linked neuropsychiatric disorders including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Accumulating evidence suggests that impaired balance and crosstalk between the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) - effectors of the stress and immune axes, respectively - may play a key role in mediating the harmful effects of chronic stress on mood and behavior. Here, we first review the molecular mechanisms of GR and NFκB interactions in health, then describe potential shifts in the GR-NFκB dynamics in chronic stress conditions within the context of brain circuitry relevant to neuropsychiatric diseases. Furthermore, we discuss developmental influences and sex differences in the regulation of these two transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandakh Bekhbat
- Emory University, Graduate Division of Biological Sciences, Neuroscience Graduate Program, United States
| | - Sydney A Rowson
- Emory University, Graduate Division of Biological Sciences, Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Graduate Studies Program, United States
| | - Gretchen N Neigh
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, United States.
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Phulke S, Kaushik S, Kaur S, Pandav SS. Steroid-induced Glaucoma: An Avoidable Irreversible Blindness. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2017; 11:67-72. [PMID: 28924342 PMCID: PMC5577123 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-l0028-1226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Steroids are a group of anti-inflammatory drugs, commonly used to treat ocular and systemic conditions. Unmonitored use of steroids especially in eye drop formulations is common in situations when it is easily available over-the-counter, resulting in undesirable side effects. Among the ocular side effects, cataract and glaucoma are common. Steroid-induced ocular hypertension was reported in 1950, when long-term use of systemic steroid was shown to increase the intraocular pressure (IOP). Chronic administration of steroids in any form with raised IOP can cause optic neuropathy resulting in steroid-induced glaucoma. This review describes the pathophysiology and epidemiology of steroid-induced glaucoma, recognition of side effects, and principles of management. The purpose is to familiarize all clinicians with the potential dangers of administering steroids without monitoring the eye and the dangers of irreversible blind -ness in some instances of habitual self-prescription by patients. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE Phulke S, Kaushik S, Kaur S, Pandav SS. Steroid-induced Glaucoma: An Avoidable Irreversible Blindness. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2017;11(2):67-72.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Phulke
- Senior Resident, Department of Ophthalmology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sushmita Kaushik
- Professor, Advanced Eye Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Savleen Kaur
- Senior Research Associate, Advanced Eye Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - SS Pandav
- Senior Research Associate, Advanced Eye Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
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Argentieri MA, Nagarajan S, Seddighzadeh B, Baccarelli AA, Shields AE. Epigenetic Pathways in Human Disease: The Impact of DNA Methylation on Stress-Related Pathogenesis and Current Challenges in Biomarker Development. EBioMedicine 2017; 18:327-350. [PMID: 28434943 PMCID: PMC5405197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
HPA axis genes implicated in glucocorticoid regulation play an important role in regulating the physiological impact of social and environmental stress, and have become a focal point for investigating the role of glucocorticoid regulation in the etiology of disease. We conducted a systematic review to critically assess the full range of clinical associations that have been reported in relation to DNA methylation of CRH, CRH-R1/2, CRH-BP, AVP, POMC, ACTH, ACTH-R, NR3C1, FKBP5, and HSD11β1/2 genes in adults. A total of 32 studies were identified. There is prospective evidence for an association between HSD11β2 methylation and hypertension, and functional evidence of an association between NR3C1 methylation and both small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and breast cancer. Strong associations have been reported between FKBP5 and NR3C1 methylation and PTSD, and biologically-plausible associations have been reported between FKBP5 methylation and Alzheimer's Disease. Mixed associations between NR3C1 methylation and mental health outcomes have been reported according to different social and environmental exposures, and according to varying gene regions investigated. We conclude by highlighting key challenges and future research directions that will need to be addressed in order to develop both clinically meaningful prognostic biomarkers and an evidence base that can inform public policy practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Austin Argentieri
- Harvard/MGH Center on Genomics, Vulnerable Populations, and Health Disparities, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Staniford St., Suite 901, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sairaman Nagarajan
- Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11218, USA
| | - Bobak Seddighzadeh
- Harvard/MGH Center on Genomics, Vulnerable Populations, and Health Disparities, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Staniford St., Suite 901, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Harvard/MGH Center on Genomics, Vulnerable Populations, and Health Disparities, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Staniford St., Suite 901, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W. 168th St., 11th Floor, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alexandra E Shields
- Harvard/MGH Center on Genomics, Vulnerable Populations, and Health Disparities, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Staniford St., Suite 901, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Pandav SS, Kaur S, Kaushik S, Phulke S. Steroid-induced Glaucoma: An Avoidable Irreversible Blindness. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2017. [DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Steroids are a group of anti-inflammatory drugs, commonly used to treat ocular and systemic conditions. Unmonitored use of steroids especially in eye drop formulations is common in situations when it is easily available over-the-counter, resulting in undesirable side effects.
Among the ocular side effects, cataract and glaucoma are common. Steroid-induced ocular hypertension was reported in 1950, when long-term use of systemic steroid was shown to increase the intraocular pressure (IOP). Chronic administration of steroids in any form with raised IOP can cause optic neuropathy resulting in steroid-induced glaucoma.
This review describes the pathophysiology and epidemiology of steroid-induced glaucoma, recognition of side effects, and principles of management. The purpose is to familiarize all clinicians with the potential dangers of administering steroids without monitoring the eye and the dangers of irreversible blindness in some instances of habitual self-prescription by patients.
How to cite this article
Phulke S, Kaushik S, Kaur S, Pandav SS. Steroid-induced Glaucoma: An Avoidable Irreversible Blindness. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2017;11(2):67-72.
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Hu J, Chen Q. The role of glucocorticoid receptor in prostate cancer progression: from bench to bedside. Int Urol Nephrol 2016; 49:369-380. [PMID: 27987128 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-016-1476-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids are a common class of adjuvant drugs for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) combined with antitumour or antiandrogen agents. Glucocorticoids are administered clinically because they ameliorate toxic side effects and have inhibitory effects on adrenal androgen production, acting as a pituitary suppressant. However, their effects on prostate cancer cells especially the castration resistance prostate cancer cells are poorly defined. Glucocorticoids exert effects depend to a great extent on glucocorticoid receptor. In addition to a number of glucocorticoid receptor isoforms determined, it is found that the actions of glucocorticoids through GRα are influenced by other isoforms, such as GRβ and GRγ. Recently, studies found GR confers resistance to androgen deprivation therapy, and various glucocorticoids exert distinct efficacy in CRPC. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms of glucocorticoids and its clinical appliances on the basis of present evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieping Hu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Qingke Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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Ngai P, Kim G, Chak G, Lin K, Maeda M, Mosaed S. Outcome of primary trabeculotomy ab interno (Trabectome) surgery in patients with steroid-induced glaucoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e5383. [PMID: 27977576 PMCID: PMC5268022 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the efficacy and safety of Trabectome surgery on patients with steroid response, ranging from ocular hypertension refractory to maximal medical therapy to the development of steroid-induced glaucoma.A nonrandomized, nonblinded, retrospective study of 20 subjects with steroid response was conducted. All 20 eyes underwent Trabectome surgery alone. Nine subjects had steroid response with unremarkable visual field, 3 had mild steroid-induced glaucoma, and 8 had advanced steroid-induced glaucoma. Outcome measures included intraocular pressure (IOP), number of glaucoma medications, need for secondary glaucoma surgery, and steroid regimen. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare postoperative IOP and number of medications to preoperative IOP and number of medications. Kaplan-Meier was used for survival analysis, and success was defined as: IOP reduced by 20% or more on any 2 consecutive visits after 3 months; IOP ≤21 mm Hg on any 2 consecutive visits after 3 months; and no secondary glaucoma surgery.The average preoperative IOP was 33.8 ± 6.9 mm Hg and average preoperative glaucoma medication usage was 3.85 ± 0.75 medications. At 12 months, the IOP was reduced to 15.00 ± 3.46 mm Hg (P = 0.03) and glaucoma medication was reduced to 2.3 ± 1.4 (P < 0.01). The survival rate at 12 months was 93%. At 12 months, 10 patients were continued on their preoperative steroid treatments, 5 were on tapered steroid treatments, and 5 had ceased steroid treatments entirely. One patient required secondary glaucoma surgery (glaucoma drainage device). No other complications were noted.The Trabectome procedure is safe and highly effective for steroid-response glaucoma, even in the context of continued steroid treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Ngai
- University of California, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Grace Kim
- University of California, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Garrick Chak
- University of California, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Ken Lin
- University of California, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | | | - Sameh Mosaed
- University of California, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
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Nylander I, Todkar A, Granholm L, Vrettou M, Bendre M, Boon W, Andershed H, Tuvblad C, Nilsson KW, Comasco E. Evidence for a Link Between Fkbp5/FKBP5, Early Life Social Relations and Alcohol Drinking in Young Adult Rats and Humans. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:6225-6234. [PMID: 27709495 PMCID: PMC5583263 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0157-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol misuse has been linked to dysregulation of stress, emotion, and reward brain circuitries. A candidate key mediator of this association is the FK506-binding protein (FKBP5), a negative regulator of the glucocorticoid receptor. The aim of the present study was to further understand the Fkbp5/FKBP5-related genetic underpinnings underlying the relationship between early life social relations and alcohol drinking. The effect of maternal separation and voluntary alcohol drinking on Fkbp5 expression was investigated in the brain of young adult rats, whereas the interaction effect of the functional FKBP5 single nucleotide polymorphism rs1360780 genotype and parent-child relationship on problematic drinking was examined in young adult humans. In rats, Fkbp5 expression in the nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area, core regions of the reward system, was affected in a region-dependent manner and in opposite direction by maternal separation and alcohol drinking. Fkbp5 expression in the cingulate cortex was affected by the combined effect of maternal separation and alcohol drinking. In humans, the TT genotype, in the presence of a poor relationship between the child and parents, was associated with problematic drinking behavior. The present findings suggest that Fkbp5 expression in mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic regions associates with early life stress-mediated sensitivity to alcohol drinking and that FKBP5 genotype interacts with parent-child relationship to influence alcohol drinking. These findings are the first to point to a role of FKBP5 in propensity to alcohol misuse and call for studies of the underlying molecular mechanisms to identify potential drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Nylander
- Department of Pharmaceutical Bioscience, Uppsala University, Box 591, SE-75124, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aniruddha Todkar
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Box 593, SE-75124, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Linnea Granholm
- Department of Pharmaceutical Bioscience, Uppsala University, Box 591, SE-75124, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Vrettou
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Box 593, SE-75124, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Megha Bendre
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Box 593, SE-75124, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Wout Boon
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Box 593, SE-75124, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Henrik Andershed
- School of Law, Psychology and Social Work, Örebro University, SE-70182, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Catherine Tuvblad
- School of Law, Psychology and Social Work, Örebro University, SE-70182, Örebro, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, 3620 S. McClintock Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-1061, USA
| | - Kent W Nilsson
- Centre for Clinical Research, Västerås Central Hospital, SE-72189, Västerås, Sweden
| | - Erika Comasco
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Box 593, SE-75124, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Dibas A, Yorio T. Glucocorticoid therapy and ocular hypertension. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 787:57-71. [PMID: 27388141 PMCID: PMC5014726 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The projected number of people who will develop age-related macular degeneration in estimated at 2020 is 196 million and is expected to reach 288 million in 2040. Also, the number of people with Diabetic retinopathy will grow from 126.6 million in 2010 to 191.0 million by 2030. In addition, it is estimated that there are 2.3 million people suffering from uveitis worldwide. Because of the anti-inflammatory properties of glucocorticoids (GCs), they are often used topically and/or intravitreally to treat ocular inflammation conditions or edema associated with macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. Unfortunately, ocular GC therapy can lead to severe side effects. Serious and sometimes irreversible eye damage can occur as a result of the development of GC-induced ocular hypertension causing secondary open-angle glaucoma. According to the world health organization, glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness in the world and it is estimated that 80 million will suffer from glaucoma by 2020. In the current review, mechanisms of GC-induced damage in ocular tissue, GC-resistance, and enhancing GC therapy will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Dibas
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
| | - Thomas Yorio
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
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Fudalej S, Kopera M, Wołyńczyk-Gmaj D, Fudalej M, Krajewski P, Wasilewska K, Szymański K, Chojnicka I, Podgórska A, Wojnar M, Płoski R. Association between FKBP5 Functional Polymorphisms and Completed Suicide. Neuropsychobiology 2016; 72:126-31. [PMID: 26630184 DOI: 10.1159/000441659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis leads to impaired stress response. FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP5), which influences HPA axis activity via glucocorticoid receptors, is supposed to play an important role in the regulation of negative feedback and glucocorticoid resistance. Since ineffective stress response mechanisms are considered as a biological background of suicide behavior, we aimed to analyze a possible association between FKBP5 functional polymorphisms and completed suicide. METHODS The selected FKBP5 polymorphisms rs1360780 and rs3800373 were genotyped in a sample of 563 suicide victims and 475 controls. RESULTS A significant association between the high-induction rs3800373 C allele and completed suicide was detected (OR = 1.36, p = 0.007). In this polymorphism, genotype distribution supported a codominant model of inheritance. The analyzed SNPs were in strong linkage disequilibrium (D' = 0.916 and r2 = 0.826) with the rs1360780 (T)-rs3800373 (C) haplotype apparently responsible for the observed association (OR = 1.34, p = 0.010). CONCLUSION The results of the present study indicate that genetic alterations in FKBP5 may influence vulnerability to suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Fudalej
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Rao S, Yao Y, Ryan J, Li T, Wang D, Zheng C, Xu Y, Xu Q. Common variants in FKBP5 gene and major depressive disorder (MDD) susceptibility: a comprehensive meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32687. [PMID: 27601205 PMCID: PMC5013409 DOI: 10.1038/srep32687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have investigated the association between common variants in FKBP5 and MDD; however, the results remain inconsistent. In order to conduct a comprehensive meta-analysis of the association between FKBP5 variants and MDD risk, seven studies involving 26582 subjects, including 12491 cases with MDD and 14091 controls, were enrolled totally. Four common SNPs (rs1360780, rs4713916, rs3800373 and rs755658) with complete data from two or more studies were analyzed. In the total sample, there was no evidence of a significant association between MDD and any of the four SNPs using a random-effects model. However, after removing one heterogeneous German study, as indicated by sensitivity analysis, both the rs1360780 T-allele (Z = 2.95, P = 0.003, OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.02–1.11) and the rs3800373 C-allele (Z = 3.05, P = 0.002, OR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.02–1.12) were significantly associated with MDD in a fixed-effect model. Our study thus provides support for an association between specific FKBP5 genetic variants and MDD risk. Rs4713916 was not significantly associated with MDD; However, this analysis had limited statistical power and larger sample sizes are required to further validate this result. Future research should also investigate possible gender- and ethnicity-specific differences in the association between FKBP5 and MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuquan Rao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Joanne Ryan
- Disease Epigenetics Group, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute &Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, 3052 Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Inserm, U1061, Univ Montpellier, F-34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Tao Li
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Duan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital/West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chuan Zheng
- Department of Fundamental Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Clinical Medical College/First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Qi Xu
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences &Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 10005, China
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Yin H, Galfalvy H, Pantazatos SP, Huang YY, Rosoklija GB, Dwork AJ, Burke A, Arango V, Oquendo MA, Mann JJ. GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR-RELATED GENES: GENOTYPE AND BRAIN GENE EXPRESSION RELATIONSHIPS TO SUICIDE AND MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER. Depress Anxiety 2016; 33:531-540. [PMID: 27030168 PMCID: PMC4889464 DOI: 10.1002/da.22499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We tested the relationship between genotype, gene expression and suicidal behavior and major depressive disorder (MDD) in live subjects and postmortem samples for three genes, associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, suicidal behavior, and MDD; FK506-binding protein 5 (FKBP5), Spindle and kinetochore-associated protein 2 (SKA2), and Glucocorticoid Receptor (NR3C1). MATERIALS AND METHODS Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes were tested for association with suicidal behavior and MDD in a live (N = 277) and a postmortem sample (N = 209). RNA-seq was used to examine gene and isoform-level brain expression postmortem (Brodmann Area 9; N = 59). Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) relationships were examined using a public database (UK Brain Expression Consortium). RESULTS We identified a haplotype within the FKBP5 gene, present in 47% of the live subjects, which was associated with increased risk of suicide attempt (OR = 1.58, t = 6.03, P = .014). Six SNPs on this gene, three SNPs on SKA2, and one near NR3C1 showed before-adjustment association with attempted suicide, and two SNPs of SKA2 with suicide death, but none stayed significant after adjustment for multiple testing. Only the SKA2 SNPs were related to expression in the prefrontal cortex (pFCTX). One NR3C1 transcript had lower expression in suicide relative to nonsuicide sudden death cases (b = -0.48, SE = 0.12, t = -4.02, adjusted P = .004). CONCLUSION We have identified an association of FKBP5 haplotype with risk of suicide attempt and found an association between suicide and altered NR3C1 gene expression in the pFCTX. Our findings further implicate hypothalamic pituitary axis dysfunction in suicidal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Yin
- now at Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
,Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York
| | - Hanga Galfalvy
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York
,Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University
| | | | - Yung-yu Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York
,Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York
| | - Gorazd B. Rosoklija
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York
,Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York
| | | | - Ainsley Burke
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York
| | - Victoria Arango
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York
,Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York
| | | | - J. John Mann
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York
,Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York
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Koopmann A, Bez J, Lemenager T, Hermann D, Dinter C, Reinhard I, Schuster R, Wiedemann K, Winterer G, Kiefer F. The Effect of Nicotine on HPA Axis Activity in Females is Modulated by the FKBP5 Genotype. Ann Hum Genet 2016; 80:154-61. [PMID: 27062383 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco smoking modulates activity in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and is used to cope with stress, especially by females. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1360780, linked to FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP5), has been shown to affect HPA axis functioning, and has thus been suggested as a promising candidate for indicating vulnerability to stress-related disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between nicotine consumption and rs1360780 on cortisol plasma levels in females. A total of 296 female smokers (assessed by the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence; FTND) were genotyped for the SNP rs1360780. We measured participants' cortisol plasma concentration in blood plasma collected 3 h after standardized tobacco smoking exposure. In the 36 TT-homozygotes, we found a significant negative correlation between the FTND sum score and cortisol plasma concentrations. Using linear regression analysis, we found that the FTND sum score accounted for 12.4% of the variance of cortisol plasma levels. This association was not detected in C-allele carriers. Our results suggest that nicotine is an important confounder in the modulation of HPA axis activity by FKBP5. In light of these findings, future studies on FKBP5 should seek to include data on nicotine consumption as a covariate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Koopmann
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jennifer Bez
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tagrid Lemenager
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Derik Hermann
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christina Dinter
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Iris Reinhard
- Department of Biostatistics, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rilana Schuster
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Klaus Wiedemann
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Georg Winterer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine, Charite Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany
| | - Falk Kiefer
- Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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Nagy Z, Acs B, Butz H, Feldman K, Marta A, Szabo PM, Baghy K, Pazmany T, Racz K, Liko I, Patocs A. Overexpression of GRß in colonic mucosal cell line partly reflects altered gene expression in colonic mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 155:76-84. [PMID: 26480216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) plays a crucial role in inflammatory responses. GR has several isoforms, of which the most deeply studied are the GRα and GRß. Recently it has been suggested that in addition to its negative dominant effect on GRα, the GRß may have a GRα-independent transcriptional activity. The GRß isoform was found to be frequently overexpressed in various autoimmune diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, we wished to test whether the gene expression profile found in a GRß overexpressing intestinal cell line (Caco-2GRß) might mimic the gene expression alterations found in patients with IBD. Whole genome microarray analysis was performed in both normal and GRß overexpressing Caco-2 cell lines with and without dexamethasone treatment. IBD-related genes were identified from a meta-analysis of 245 microarrays available in online microarray deposits performed on intestinal mucosa samples from patients with IBD and healthy individuals. The differentially expressed genes were further studied using in silico pathway analysis. Overexpression of GRß altered a large proportion of genes that were not regulated by dexamethasone suggesting that GRß may have a GRα-independent role in the regulation of gene expression. About 10% of genes differentially expressed in colonic mucosa samples from IBD patients compared to normal subjects were also detected in Caco-2 GRß intestinal cell line. Common genes are involved in cell adhesion and cell proliferation. Overexpression of GRß in intestinal cells may affect appropriate mucosal repair and intact barrier function. The proposed novel role of GRß in intestinal epithelium warrants further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Nagy
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Semmelweis University "Lendulet" Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Acs
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Henriett Butz
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Semmelweis University "Lendulet" Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group, Budapest, Hungary; Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Semmelweis University Molecular Medicine Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Karolina Feldman
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alexa Marta
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter M Szabo
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Semmelweis University Molecular Medicine Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kornelia Baghy
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Karoly Racz
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Semmelweis University Molecular Medicine Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Istvan Liko
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Semmelweis University "Lendulet" Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group, Budapest, Hungary; Gedeon Richter PLC, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Patocs
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Semmelweis University "Lendulet" Hereditary Endocrine Tumors Research Group, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Gabryel M, Skrzypczak-Zielinska M, Kucharski MA, Slomski R, Dobrowolska A. The impact of genetic factors on response to glucocorticoids therapy in IBD. Scand J Gastroenterol 2016; 51:654-65. [PMID: 26776488 DOI: 10.3109/00365521.2015.1132336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticosteroids (GCs) are used for many years as first-line drugs for the achievement of remission in exacerbations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, close to 20% of patients are resistant to GCs, and 40% of patients become dependent on GCs. The challenge of today's personalized medicine is the anticipation of the steroid therapy effects even before the initiation of treatment. As several studies show, individually variable response to GCs in population has a genetic background and may depend on gene variability encoding proteins involved in the function and metabolism of GCs. To those genes belong: NR3C1--responsible for the synthesis of GC receptor (GR); Hsp90, HSP70, STIP1, FKB5--genes of GR protein complex; ABCB1 and IPO13 coding glycoprotein p170; and importin 13--involved in GCs transport; IL1A, IL1B, IL2, IL4, IL8, IL10, TNF, and MIF--genes of the epithelial pro-inflammatory factors synthesis, which excessive activation causes steroid resistance as well as CYP3A4 and CYP3A5--encoding GCs biotransformation enzymes. This work systematizes and sums up the state of current knowledge in the field of pharmacogenetics as well as expectations for the future in the realm of individualized medicine in IBD patients treated with GC drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Gabryel
- a Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Diseases , Poznan University of Medical Sciences , Poznan , Poland
| | | | - Marcin A Kucharski
- a Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Diseases , Poznan University of Medical Sciences , Poznan , Poland
| | - Ryszard Slomski
- b Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences , Poznan , Poland
- c Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology , University of Life Sciences , Poznan , Poland
| | - Agnieszka Dobrowolska
- a Department of Gastroenterology, Human Nutrition and Internal Diseases , Poznan University of Medical Sciences , Poznan , Poland
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Herbst S, Shah A, Mazon Moya M, Marzola V, Jensen B, Reed A, Birrell MA, Saijo S, Mostowy S, Shaunak S, Armstrong-James D. Phagocytosis-dependent activation of a TLR9-BTK-calcineurin-NFAT pathway co-ordinates innate immunity to Aspergillus fumigatus. EMBO Mol Med 2015; 7:240-58. [PMID: 25637383 PMCID: PMC4364943 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201404556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplant recipients on calcineurin inhibitors are at high risk of invasive fungal infection. Understanding how calcineurin inhibitors impair fungal immunity is a key priority for defining risk of infection. Here, we show that the calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus impairs clearance of the major mould pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus from the airway, by inhibiting macrophage inflammatory responses. This leads to defective early neutrophil recruitment and fungal clearance. We confirm these findings in zebrafish, showing an evolutionarily conserved role for calcineurin signalling in neutrophil recruitment during inflammation. We find that calcineurin–NFAT activation is phagocytosis dependent and collaborates with NF-κB for TNF-α production. For yeast zymosan particles, activation of macrophage calcineurin–NFAT occurs via the phagocytic Dectin-1–spleen tyrosine kinase pathway, but for A. fumigatus, activation occurs via a phagosomal TLR9-dependent and Bruton's tyrosine kinase-dependent signalling pathway that is independent of MyD88. We confirm the collaboration between NFAT and NF-κB for TNF-α production in primary alveolar macrophages. These observations identify inhibition of a newly discovered macrophage TLR9–BTK–calcineurin–NFAT signalling pathway as a key immune defect that leads to organ transplant-related invasive aspergillosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Herbst
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anand Shah
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Maria Mazon Moya
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Vanessa Marzola
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Barbara Jensen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anna Reed
- Lung Transplant Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, London, UK
| | - Mark A Birrell
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Shinobu Saijo
- Medical Mycology Research Centre, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Serge Mostowy
- MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sunil Shaunak
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Darius Armstrong-James
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Imperial College London, London, UK National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Zannas AS, Provençal N, Binder EB. Epigenetics of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Current Evidence, Challenges, and Future Directions. Biol Psychiatry 2015; 78:327-35. [PMID: 25979620 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a stress-related psychiatric disorder that is thought to emerge from complex interactions among traumatic events and multiple genetic factors. Epigenetic regulation lies at the heart of these interactions and mediates the lasting effects of the environment on gene regulation. An increasing body of evidence in human subjects with PTSD supports a role for epigenetic regulation of distinct genes and pathways in the pathogenesis of PTSD. The role of epigenetic regulation is further supported by studies examining fear conditioning in rodent models. Although this line of research offers an exciting outlook for future epigenetic research in PTSD, important limitations include the tissue specificity of epigenetic modifications, the phenomenologic definition of the disorder, and the challenge of translating molecular evidence across species. These limitations call for studies that combine data from postmortem human brain tissue and animal models, assess longitudinal epigenetic changes in living subjects, and examine dimensional phenotypes in addition to diagnoses. Moreover, examining the environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors that promote resilience to trauma may lead to important advances in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony S Zannas
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Nadine Provençal
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth B Binder
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University Medical School, Atlanta, Georgia.
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Hogewind BF, Micheal S, Schoenmaker-Koller FE, Hoyng CB, den Hollander AI. Analyses of Sequence Variants in the MYOC Gene and of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the NR3C1 and FKBP5 Genes in Corticosteroid-Induced Ocular Hypertension. Ophthalmic Genet 2015; 36:299-302. [PMID: 24417561 DOI: 10.3109/13816810.2013.879598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To perform an independent replication study to determine whether genetic variants in MYOC, NR3C1 and FKBP5 are involved in steroid-induced ocular hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective case-control study was peformed on native Dutch patients who were treated with 4.0 mg intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA). The patients were divided into an intraocular hypertension group (intraocular pressure >21 mmHg within a year after IVTA) and a non-intraocular hypertension group. The cohort was genotyped for 31 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): 21 in NR3C1 and 10 in FKBP5. In addition, the open reading frame of MYOC was sequenced. RESULTS A total of 102 patients were included in this study: 58 steroid responders and 44 non-responders. No significant associations were found for the studied SNPs in NR3C1 and FKBP5. Heterozygous amino acid variants were detected in the MYOC gene in two patients of the non-intraocular hypertension group. CONCLUSIONS This study does not confirm a role for genetic variants in the MYOC, NR3C1 and FKBP5 genes in the pathogenesis of corticosteroid-induced ocular hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barend F Hogewind
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Medical Centre Haaglanden , Den Haag .,b Department of Ophthalmology , and
| | | | | | | | - Anneke I den Hollander
- b Department of Ophthalmology , and.,c Department of Human Genetics , Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre , Nijmegen , the Netherlands
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48
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Overby DR, Clark AF. Animal models of glucocorticoid-induced glaucoma. Exp Eye Res 2015; 141:15-22. [PMID: 26051991 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid (GC) therapy is widely used to treat a variety of inflammatory diseases and conditions. While unmatched in their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities, GC therapy is often associated with the significant ocular side effect of GC-induced ocular hypertension (OHT) and iatrogenic open-angle glaucoma. Investigators have generated GC-induced OHT and glaucoma in at least 8 different species besides man. These models mimic many features of this condition in man and provide morphologic and molecular insights into the pathogenesis of GC-OHT. In addition, there are many clinical, morphological, and molecular similarities between GC-induced glaucoma and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), making animals models of GC-induced OHT and glaucoma attractive models in which to study specific aspects of POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darryl R Overby
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Abbot F Clark
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, U. North Texas Health Science Center, Ft. Worth, TX, USA.
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49
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Altered mRNA Levels of Glucocorticoid Receptor, Mineralocorticoid Receptor, and Co-Chaperones (FKBP5 and PTGES3) in the Middle Frontal Gyrus of Autism Spectrum Disorder Subjects. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:2090-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9178-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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50
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Guy NC, Garcia YA, Sivils JC, Galigniana MD, Cox MB. Functions of the Hsp90-binding FKBP immunophilins. Subcell Biochem 2015; 78:35-68. [PMID: 25487015 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-11731-7_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hsp90 functionally interacts with a broad array of client proteins, but in every case examined Hsp90 is accompanied by one or more co-chaperones. One class of co-chaperone contains a tetratricopeptide repeat domain that targets the co-chaperone to the C-terminal region of Hsp90. Within this class are Hsp90-binding peptidylprolyl isomerases, most of which belong to the FK506-binding protein (FKBP) family. Despite the common association of FKBP co-chaperones with Hsp90, it is now clear that the client protein influences, and is influenced by, the particular FKBP bound to Hsp90. Examples include Xap2 in aryl hydrocarbon receptor complexes and FKBP52 in steroid receptor complexes. In this chapter, we discuss the known functional roles played by FKBP co-chaperones and, where possible, relate distinctive functions to structural differences between FKBP members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naihsuan C Guy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, 79968, El Paso, TX, USA,
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