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Lo Faro V, Bhattacharya A, Zhou W, Zhou D, Wang Y, Läll K, Kanai M, Lopera-Maya E, Straub P, Pawar P, Tao R, Zhong X, Namba S, Sanna S, Nolte IM, Okada Y, Ingold N, MacGregor S, Snieder H, Surakka I, Shortt J, Gignoux C, Rafaels N, Crooks K, Verma A, Verma SS, Guare L, Rader DJ, Willer C, Martin AR, Brantley MA, Gamazon ER, Jansonius NM, Joos K, Cox NJ, Hirbo J. Novel ancestry-specific primary open-angle glaucoma loci and shared biology with vascular mechanisms and cell proliferation. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101430. [PMID: 38382466 PMCID: PMC10897632 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), a leading cause of irreversible blindness globally, shows disparity in prevalence and manifestations across ancestries. We perform meta-analysis across 15 biobanks (of the Global Biobank Meta-analysis Initiative) (n = 1,487,441: cases = 26,848) and merge with previous multi-ancestry studies, with the combined dataset representing the largest and most diverse POAG study to date (n = 1,478,037: cases = 46,325) and identify 17 novel significant loci, 5 of which were ancestry specific. Gene-enrichment and transcriptome-wide association analyses implicate vascular and cancer genes, a fifth of which are primary ciliary related. We perform an extensive statistical analysis of SIX6 and CDKN2B-AS1 loci in human GTEx data and across large electronic health records showing interaction between SIX6 gene and causal variants in the chr9p21.3 locus, with expression effect on CDKN2A/B. Our results suggest that some POAG risk variants may be ancestry specific, sex specific, or both, and support the contribution of genes involved in programmed cell death in POAG pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Lo Faro
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam University Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Arjun Bhattacharya
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Dan Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ying Wang
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kristi Läll
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Masahiro Kanai
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Esteban Lopera-Maya
- University of Groningen, UMCG, Department of Genetics, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Straub
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Priyanka Pawar
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ran Tao
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xue Zhong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shinichi Namba
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Serena Sanna
- University of Groningen, UMCG, Department of Genetics, Groningen, the Netherlands; Institute for Genetics and Biomedical Research (IRGB), National Research Council (CNR), Cagliari, Italy
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Laboratory for Systems Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka, Japan; Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka, Japan; Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nathan Ingold
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ida Surakka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jonathan Shortt
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Chris Gignoux
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Nicholas Rafaels
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kristy Crooks
- Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Anurag Verma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shefali S Verma
- Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lindsay Guare
- Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Department of Medicine, Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cristen Willer
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alicia R Martin
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Milam A Brantley
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Eric R Gamazon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nomdo M Jansonius
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Karen Joos
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nancy J Cox
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jibril Hirbo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Panagiotou ES, Fernandez-Fuentes N, Farraj LA, McKibbin M, Elçioglu NH, Jafri H, Cerman E, Parry DA, Logan CV, Johnson CA, Inglehearn CF, Toomes C, Ali M. Novel SIX6 mutations cause recessively inherited congenital cataract, microcornea, and corneal opacification with or without coloboma and microphthalmia. Mol Vis 2022; 28:57-69. [PMID: 35693420 PMCID: PMC9122475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the molecular basis of recessively inherited congenital cataract, microcornea, and corneal opacification with or without coloboma and microphthalmia in two consanguineous families. Methods Conventional autozygosity mapping was performed using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarrays. Whole-exome sequencing was completed on genomic DNA from one affected member of each family. Exome sequence data were also used for homozygosity mapping and copy number variation analysis. PCR and Sanger sequencing were used to confirm the identification of mutations and to screen further patients. Evolutionary conservation of protein sequences was assessed using CLUSTALW, and protein structures were modeled using PyMol. Results In family MEP68, a novel homozygous nucleotide substitution in SIX6 was found, c.547G>C, that converts the evolutionarily conserved aspartic acid residue at the 183rd amino acid in the protein to a histidine, p.(Asp183His). This residue mapped to the third helix of the DNA-binding homeobox domain in SIX6, which interacts with the major groove of double-stranded DNA. This interaction is likely to be disrupted by the mutation. In family F1332, a novel homozygous 1034 bp deletion that encompasses the first exon of SIX6 was identified, chr14:g.60975890_60976923del. Both mutations segregated with the disease phenotype as expected for a recessive condition and were absent from publicly available variant databases. Conclusions Our findings expand the mutation spectrum in this form of inherited eye disease and confirm that homozygous human SIX6 mutations cause a developmental spectrum of ocular phenotypes that includes not only the previously described features of microphthalmia, coloboma, and congenital cataract but also corneal abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia S. Panagiotou
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Layal Abi Farraj
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Martin McKibbin
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, United Kingdom,Eye Clinic, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Nursel H. Elçioglu
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Marmara University Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey,Eastern Mediterrean University of Medical School, Cyprus, Turkey
| | | | - Eren Cerman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Marmara University Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - David A. Parry
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Clare V. Logan
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Colin A. Johnson
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Chris F. Inglehearn
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Carmel Toomes
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Manir Ali
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
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Shah MH, Kumaran M, Chermakani P, Kader MA, Ramakrishnan R, Krishnadas SR, Devarajan B, Sundaresan P. Whole-exome sequencing identifies multiple pathogenic variants in a large South Indian family with primary open-angle glaucoma. Indian J Ophthalmol 2021; 69:2461-2468. [PMID: 34427245 PMCID: PMC8544095 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_3301_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To identify the pathogenic variants associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) using whole-exome sequencing (WES) data of a large South Indian family. Methods: We recruited a large five-generation South Indian family (n = 84) with a positive family history of POAG (n = 19). All study participants had a comprehensive ocular evaluation. We performed WES for 16 samples (nine POAG and seven unaffected controls) since Sanger sequencing of the POAG candidate genes (MYOC, OPTN, and TBK1) showed no genetic variation. We used an in-house pipeline for prioritizing the pathogenic variants based on their segregation among the POAG individual. Results: We identified one novel and five low-frequency pathogenic variants with consistent co-segregation in all affected individuals. The variant c.G3719A in RPGR-interacting domain of RPGRIP1 that segregated heterozygously with the six POAG cases is distinct from variants causing photoreceptor dystrophies, reported affecting the RPGR protein complex signaling in primary cilia. The cilia in trabecular meshwork (TM) cells has been reported to mediate the intraocular pressure (IOP) sensation. Furthermore, we identified a novel c.A1295G variant in Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors Gene 40 (ARHGEF40) and a likely pathogenic variant in the RPGR gene, suggesting that they may alter the RhoA activity essential for IOP regulation. Conclusion: Our study supports that low-frequency pathogenic variants in multiple genes and pathways probably affect Primary Open Angle Glaucoma’s pathogenesis in the large South Indian family. Furthermore, it requires larger case-controls to perform family-based association tests and to strengthen our analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Hussain Shah
- Department of Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, India
| | - Manojkumar Kumaran
- Department of Bioinformatics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai; School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA (Deemed to be University), Thanjavur, India
| | - Prakash Chermakani
- Department of Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation; Department of Molecular Biology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - R Ramakrishnan
- Glaucoma Clinic, Aravind Eye Hospital, Tirunelveli, India
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Meer E, Qin VL, Gudiseva HV, McGeehan B, Salowe R, Pistilli M, He J, Daniel E, Ying GS, Chavali VRM, O’Brien JM. LMX1B Locus Associated with Low-Risk Baseline Glaucomatous Features in the POAAGG Study. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1252. [PMID: 34440426 PMCID: PMC8394298 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and has been associated with multiple genetic risk factors. The LMX1B gene is a genetic susceptibility factor for POAG, and several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were shown to be associated with POAG in our own prior Primary Open-Angle African American Glaucoma Genetics (POAAGG) study genome-wide association study (GWAS). This study evaluated the association of the LMX1B locus with baseline optic disc and clinical phenotypic characteristics of glaucoma patients from our African American cohort. Compared to the GG genotype in SNP rs187699205, the GC genotype in this SNP was found to be significantly associated with a smaller cup-to-disc ratio (CDR) and increased (better) visual field mean deviation (MD) in glaucoma cases. None of the glaucoma cases with the GC genotype had disc hemorrhages, disc notching, or beanpot disc appearance. In conclusion, glaucoma phenotypes differed significantly by LMX1B variant in African American patients with POAG, and a SNP variant was associated with certain disease features considered lower risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elana Meer
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Vivian L. Qin
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (V.L.Q.); (H.V.G.); (B.M.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (J.H.); (E.D.); (G.S.Y.); (V.R.M.C.)
| | - Harini V. Gudiseva
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (V.L.Q.); (H.V.G.); (B.M.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (J.H.); (E.D.); (G.S.Y.); (V.R.M.C.)
| | - Brendan McGeehan
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (V.L.Q.); (H.V.G.); (B.M.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (J.H.); (E.D.); (G.S.Y.); (V.R.M.C.)
| | - Rebecca Salowe
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (V.L.Q.); (H.V.G.); (B.M.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (J.H.); (E.D.); (G.S.Y.); (V.R.M.C.)
| | - Maxwell Pistilli
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (V.L.Q.); (H.V.G.); (B.M.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (J.H.); (E.D.); (G.S.Y.); (V.R.M.C.)
| | - Jie He
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (V.L.Q.); (H.V.G.); (B.M.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (J.H.); (E.D.); (G.S.Y.); (V.R.M.C.)
| | - Ebenezer Daniel
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (V.L.Q.); (H.V.G.); (B.M.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (J.H.); (E.D.); (G.S.Y.); (V.R.M.C.)
| | - Gui Shang Ying
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (V.L.Q.); (H.V.G.); (B.M.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (J.H.); (E.D.); (G.S.Y.); (V.R.M.C.)
| | - Venkata R. M. Chavali
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (V.L.Q.); (H.V.G.); (B.M.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (J.H.); (E.D.); (G.S.Y.); (V.R.M.C.)
| | - Joan M. O’Brien
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (V.L.Q.); (H.V.G.); (B.M.); (R.S.); (M.P.); (J.H.); (E.D.); (G.S.Y.); (V.R.M.C.)
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Eliseeva N, Ponomarenko I, Reshetnikov E, Dvornyk V, Churnosov M. The haplotype of the CDKN2B-AS1 gene is associated with primary open-angle glaucoma and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma in the Caucasian population of Central Russia. Ophthalmic Genet 2021; 42:698-705. [PMID: 34387529 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2021.1955275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To replicate the finding of the association of five CDKN2B-AS1 gene polymorphisms (rs7865618, rs1063192, rs944800, rs2157719, and rs4977756) with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and to analyze them for possible association with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXFG) in a Caucasian population of Central Russia. METHODS A total of 932 participants of Russian ethnicity (self-reported), including 328 patients with PXFG, 208 patients with POAG (high-tension glaucoma), and 396 controls, were enrolled in the study. The SNPs were analyzed for possible associations using logistic regression. RESULTS Several haplotypes based on the studied SNPs were associated with POAG (three haplotypes) and PXFG (six haplotypes). Haplotype AAAGG of loci rs1063192-rs7865618-rs2157719-rs944800-rs4977756 conferred the highest risk for both POAG (OR = 3.99, рperm = 0.001) and PXFG (OR = 2.84, рperm = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The CDKN2B-AS1 gene was associated with an increased risk of both POAG and PXFG in Caucasians of Central Russia. The gene may be related to the development of various types of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya Eliseeva
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia
| | - Irina Ponomarenko
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia
| | - Evgeny Reshetnikov
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia
| | - Volodymyr Dvornyk
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Science and General Studies, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mikhail Churnosov
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia
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Zukerman R, Harris A, Oddone F, Siesky B, Verticchio Vercellin A, Ciulla TA. Glaucoma Heritability: Molecular Mechanisms of Disease. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12081135. [PMID: 34440309 PMCID: PMC8391305 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is one of the world’s leading causes of irreversible blindness. A complex, multifactorial disease, the underlying pathogenesis and reasons for disease progression are not fully understood. The most common form of glaucoma, primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), was traditionally understood to be the result of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), leading to optic nerve damage and functional vision loss. Recently, researchers have suggested that POAG may have an underlying genetic component. In fact, studies of genetic association and heritability have yielded encouraging results showing that glaucoma may be influenced by genetic factors, and estimates for the heritability of POAG and disease-related endophenotypes show encouraging results. However, the vast majority of the underlying genetic variants and their molecular mechanisms have not been elucidated. Several genes have been suggested to have molecular mechanisms contributing to alterations in key endophenotypes such as IOP (LMX1B, MADD, NR1H3, and SEPT9), and VCDR (ABCA1, ELN, ASAP1, and ATOH7). Still, genetic studies about glaucoma and its molecular mechanisms are limited by the multifactorial nature of the disease and the large number of genes that have been identified to have an association with glaucoma. Therefore, further study into the molecular mechanisms of the disease itself are required for the future development of therapies targeted at genes leading to POAG endophenotypes and, therefore, increased risk of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Zukerman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (R.Z.); (A.H.); (B.S.); (A.V.V.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Alon Harris
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (R.Z.); (A.H.); (B.S.); (A.V.V.)
| | | | - Brent Siesky
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (R.Z.); (A.H.); (B.S.); (A.V.V.)
| | - Alice Verticchio Vercellin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (R.Z.); (A.H.); (B.S.); (A.V.V.)
| | - Thomas A. Ciulla
- Midwest Eye Institute, Indianapolis, IN 46290, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(317)-506-0334 or +1-(317)-817-1822; Fax: +1-(317)-817-1898
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7
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The role of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma. Part 1. Connective tissue. OPHTHALMOLOGY JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.17816/ov52972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The article presents an analytical review of works devoted to molecular and genetic studies in primary open-angle glaucoma from the perspective of the concept of hereditary inferiority of the connective tissue of the eye (scleral component), and the entire body as a whole, as triggers in the development of the disease. The relationship between the main theories of the pathogenesis of glaucoma optical neuropathy and the determining role of molecular and genetic mechanisms of specific changes in the eye tissue is shown. The clinical features of primary open-angle glaucoma in patients with a family history are analyzed. Potentially new directions for preclinical diagnosis of glaucoma and pathogenetically oriented therapy are proposed.
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Eliseeva NV, Ponomarenko IV, Churnosov MI. CDKN2B-AS1 gene polymorphism is associated with primary open-angle glaucoma in women of the Central Black Earth Region, Russia. BULLETIN OF RUSSIAN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2021.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a complex disorder. Genetic factors play a vital part in POAG. The prevalence of POAG is gender-specific: the disorder is more often diagnosed in women. Results of the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) strongly support the association of CDKN2B-AS1 gene polymorphism with POAG. The aim was to perform the replicative study of CDKN2B-AS1 gene polymorphic loci association with POAG in women of the Central Black Earth Region, Russia. Five CDKN2B-AS1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), rs1063192, rs7865618, rs2157719, rs944800, and rs4977756, were genotyped in 290 female patients with POAG and 220 female controls. The differences in the haplotype block structure between the POAG patients (no haplotype blocks) and the controls (haplotype block consisting of three SNPs, rs1063192, rs7865618 and rs2157719, was detected) for the set of studied CDKN2B-AS1 SNPs were revealed using the Solid Spine algorithm (D’ > 0.8). CDKN2B-AS1 gene haplotype GGG rs1063192–rs7865618–rs2157719 is associated with POAG in women. This haplotype is considered a protective factor of the disorder (OR = 0.66; p = 0.006, рperm = 0.037).
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Affiliation(s)
- NV Eliseeva
- Belgorod State National Research University, Belgorod, Russia
| | - IV Ponomarenko
- Belgorod State National Research University, Belgorod, Russia
| | - MI Churnosov
- Belgorod State National Research University, Belgorod, Russia
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Brodie-Kommit J, Clark BS, Shi Q, Shiau F, Kim DW, Langel J, Sheely C, Ruzycki PA, Fries M, Javed A, Cayouette M, Schmidt T, Badea T, Glaser T, Zhao H, Singer J, Blackshaw S, Hattar S. Atoh7-independent specification of retinal ganglion cell identity. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/11/eabe4983. [PMID: 33712461 PMCID: PMC7954457 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe4983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) relay visual information from the eye to the brain. RGCs are the first cell type generated during retinal neurogenesis. Loss of function of the transcription factor Atoh7, expressed in multipotent early neurogenic retinal progenitors leads to a selective and essentially complete loss of RGCs. Therefore, Atoh7 is considered essential for conferring competence on progenitors to generate RGCs. Despite the importance of Atoh7 in RGC specification, we find that inhibiting apoptosis in Atoh7-deficient mice by loss of function of Bax only modestly reduces RGC numbers. Single-cell RNA sequencing of Atoh7;Bax-deficient retinas shows that RGC differentiation is delayed but that the gene expression profile of RGC precursors is grossly normal. Atoh7;Bax-deficient RGCs eventually mature, fire action potentials, and incorporate into retinal circuitry but exhibit severe axonal guidance defects. This study reveals an essential role for Atoh7 in RGC survival and demonstrates Atoh7-dependent and Atoh7-independent mechanisms for RGC specification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian S Clark
- John F. Hardesty, MD, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Qing Shi
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Fion Shiau
- John F. Hardesty, MD, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dong Won Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer Langel
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Catherine Sheely
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Philip A Ruzycki
- John F. Hardesty, MD, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michel Fries
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Molecular Biology Programs, Université de Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Awais Javed
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Molecular Biology Programs, Université de Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Michel Cayouette
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
- Molecular Biology Programs, Université de Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Tiffany Schmidt
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Tudor Badea
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Research and Development Institute, Transylvania University of Brasov, School of Medicine, Brasov, Romania
| | - Tom Glaser
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Haiqing Zhao
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joshua Singer
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Seth Blackshaw
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Samer Hattar
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
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10
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Thakur N, Kupani M, Mannan R, Pruthi A, Mehrotra S. Genetic association between CDKN2B/CDKN2B-AS1 gene polymorphisms with primary glaucoma in a North Indian cohort: an original study and an updated meta-analysis. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:1. [PMID: 33397358 PMCID: PMC7780652 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-020-00855-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Variants in CDKN2B/CDKN2B-AS1 have been reported to modulate glaucoma risk in several GWAS across different populations. CDKN2B/CDKN2A encodes tumor suppressor proteins p16INK4A/p15INK4B which influences cell proliferation/senescence in RGCs, the degeneration of which is a risk factor for glaucoma. CDKN2B-AS1 codes a long non-coding RNA in antisense direction and is involved in influencing nearby CDKN2A/CDKN2B via regulatory mechanisms. Methods Current study investigated four SNPs (rs2157719, rs3217992, rs4977756, rs1063192) of aforementioned genes in a case–control study in a North Indian cohort. Genotyping was done with Taqman chemistry. In addition, an updated meta-analysis was performed. Results Two SNPs, rs3217992 and rs2157719 were found to be significantly associated with the disease. The frequency of ‘T’ allele of rs3217992 was significantly lower in cases (POAG/PACG) [p = 0.045; OR = 0.80(CI = 0.65–0.99) and p = 0.024; OR = 0.73(CI = 0.55–0.96)], respectively than in controls. Genetic model analysis revealed that TT + CT genotype confers 0.73-fold protection against POAG [p = 0.047; OR = 0.73(CI = 0.54–0.99)] and trend assumed additive model gives 0.53 times higher protection against PACG progression. However the association of rs3217992 with POAG and PACG did not remain significant after Bonferroni correction. For rs2157719, the ‘C’ allele was found to be less prevalent among cases (POAG/PACG) with respect to controls. Cochran Armitage trend test assuming additive model revealed 0.77 and 0.64-fold protection against POAG and PACG respectively. Bonferroni correction (pcorr = 0.003) was applied and the association of rs2157719 remained significant in PACG cases but not among POAG cases (p = 0.024). The ‘CC’ genotype also confers protection against primary glaucoma (POAG/PACG) among males and female subjects. The frequency rs1063192 and rs4977756 did not vary significantly among subjects, however the haplotype ‘CATA’ was found to be associated with increased glaucoma risk. An updated meta-analysis conducted on pooled studies on POAG cases and controls revealed significant association between rs1063192, rs2157719, rs4977756 and POAG except rs3217992. Conclusion The study concludes significant association between INK4 variants and primary glaucoma in the targeted North Indian Punjabi cohort. We believe that deep-sequencing of INK4 locus may help in identifying novel variants modifying susceptibility to glaucoma. Functional studies can further delineate the role of CDKN2B and CDKN2B-AS1 in primary glaucoma for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanamika Thakur
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Manu Kupani
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Rashim Mannan
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Archna Pruthi
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjana Mehrotra
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
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11
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Kim YW, Lee YH, Kim JS, Lee J, Kim YJ, Cheong HS, Kim SH, Park KH, Kim DM, Choi HJ, Jeoung JW. Genetic analysis of primary open-angle glaucoma-related risk alleles in a Korean population: the GLAU-GENDISK study. Br J Ophthalmol 2020; 105:1307-1312. [PMID: 32933932 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-316089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIM To validate six previously known primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG)-related loci in a Korean population. METHODS Representative POAG-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from six loci (cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor B antisense RNA 1 (CDKN2B)-AS1, sineoculis homeobox homolog 1/sineoculis homeobox homolog 6(SIX1/SIX6), atonal BHLH transcription factor 7 (ATOH7), cell division cycle 7-transforming growth factor beta receptor 3, CAV1, transmembrane and coiled-coil domain family 1 (TMCO1) were selected and genotyped from discovery (POAG=309, heathy=5400) and replication cohorts (POAG=310, healthy=5612 and POAG=221, healthy=6244, respectively). Data were analysed using logistic regression to calculate the OR for POAG risk associated with SNP. RESULTS From the discovery cohort, rs1900004 in ATOH7 (OR=1.29, p=0.0024); rs1063192 (OR=0.69, p=0.0006), rs2157719 (OR=0.63, p=0.0007) and rs7865618 (OR=0.63, p=0.0006) in CDKN2B-AS1, and rs10483727 in SIX1/SIX6 (OR=0.68, p=7.9E-05) were nominally associated with the risk of POAG. The replication cohorts revealed nominal associations with rs2157719 (OR=0.72, p=0.0135), rs1063192 (OR=0.63, p=0.0007) and rs7865618 (OR=0.52, p=0.0004) in CDKN2B-AS1. A mega-analysis from the entire Korean population revealed significance with rs1063192 (OR=0.77, p=6.0E-05), rs2157719 (OR=0.63, p=0.0007) and rs7865618 (OR=0.58, p=1.9E-06) in CDKN2B-AS1 and with rs10483727 in SIX1/SIX6 (OR=0.79, p=9.4E-05), with the same direction of effect between the discovery association and the replication sample. CONCLUSIONS Variants near CDKN2B-AS1 and SIX1/SIX6 may require further investigation to obtain more genetic information on POAG development in a Korean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Woo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Hwan Lee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Korea
| | - Jinho Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Yu Jeong Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Sub Cheong
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, SNP Genetics, Inc., Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Hwan Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki Ho Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Myung Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyuk Jin Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Wook Jeoung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea .,Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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12
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The Genetic and Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mediated Molecular Mechanisms of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114171. [PMID: 32545285 PMCID: PMC7312987 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a heterogenous, chronic, progressive group of eye diseases, which results in irreversible loss of vision. There are several types of glaucoma, whereas the primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) constitutes the most common type of glaucoma, accounting for three-quarters of all glaucoma cases. The pathological mechanisms leading to POAG pathogenesis are multifactorial and still poorly understood, but it is commonly known that significantly elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) plays a crucial role in POAG pathogenesis. Besides, genetic predisposition and aggregation of abrogated proteins within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen and subsequent activation of the protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)-dependent unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathway may also constitute important factors for POAG pathogenesis at the molecular level. Glaucoma is commonly known as a ‘silent thief of sight’, as it remains asymptomatic until later stages, and thus its diagnosis is frequently delayed. Thereby, detailed knowledge about the glaucoma pathophysiology is necessary to develop both biochemical and genetic tests to improve its early diagnosis as well as develop a novel, ground-breaking treatment strategy, as currently used medical therapies against glaucoma are limited and may evoke numerous adverse side-effects in patients.
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13
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Liu H, Qi S, He W, Chang C, Chen Y, Yu J. Association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in TLR4 gene and gene-environment interaction with primary open angle glaucoma in a Chinese northern population. J Gene Med 2019; 22:e3139. [PMID: 31697008 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to investigate the association of several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) gene and additional gene-environment interaction with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) risk. METHODS Tests for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in controls and haplotype analysis were performed using SNPstats (https://www.snpstats.net). Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) was performed to test the interaction effects among four SNPs within the TLR4 gene and environmental factors. Logistic regression was performed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence interval [CI]) for association between four SNPs within the TLR4 gene and POAG risk. RESULTS The POAG risk was significantly higher in carriers with the T allele of rs4986791 and the T allele of rs2149356 within the TLR4 gene than in those with the wild-type genotype, adjusted ORs (95% CI) were 1.65 (1.23-2.12) and 1.70 (1.16-2.31). The GMDR model suggested a significant two-locus model (p = 0.0010) involving rs2149356 and alcohol drinking. Alcohol drinkers with the rs2149356-GT+TT genotype within the TLR4 gene have the highest POAG risk compared to never alcohol drinkers with the rs2149356-GG genotype (OR = 2.62; 95% CI = 1.48-3.78) after covariates adjustment. However, the study did not find a significant any-locus model involving SNP and smoking. In all samples, the haplotype rs2149356-G-rs7873784-C was observed most frequently in two groups (47.47% and 48.21% for the POAG patients and controls, respectively). The results also indicated that no significant haplotype was associated with POAG risk. CONCLUSIONS The minor alleles of rs4986791 and rs2149356 within the TLR4 gene, as well as interaction between rs2149356 and alcohol drinking, were associated with an increased POAG risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shixin Qi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Cuirong Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanhui Chen
- Department of ophthalmology, Tangshan Eye Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Jianguo Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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14
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A Common Glaucoma-risk Variant of SIX6 Alters Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Optic Disc Measures in a European Population: The EPIC-Norfolk Eye Study. J Glaucoma 2019; 27:743-749. [PMID: 30005032 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000001026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A common missense variant in the SIX6 gene (rs33912345) is strongly associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). We aimed to examine the association of rs33912345 with optic disc and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) measures in a European population. METHODS We examined participants of the population-based EPIC-Norfolk Eye Study. Participants underwent confocal laser scanning tomography (Heidelberg Retina Tomograph II, HRT) to estimate optic disc rim area and vertical cup-disc ratio (VCDR). Scanning laser polarimetry (GDxVCC) was used to estimate average RNFL thickness. The mean of right and left eye values was considered for each participant. Genotyping was performed using the Affymetrix UK Biobank Axiom Array. Multivariable linear regression with the optic nerve head parameter as outcome variable and dosage of rs33912345 genotype as primary explanatory variable was used, adjusted for age, sex, disc area, axial length, and intraocular pressure. We further repeated analyses stratified into age tertiles. RESULTS In total, 5433 participants with HRT data and 3699 participants with GDxVCC data were included. Each "C" allele of rs33912345 was associated with a smaller rim area (-0.030 mm [95% CI -0.040, -0.020]; P=5.4×10), a larger VCDR (0.025 [95% CI 0.017, 0.033]; P=3.3×10) and a thinner RNFL (-0.39 μm [95% CI -0.62, -0.15]; P=0.001). The RNFL association was strongest in the oldest age tertile, whereas rim area and VCDR associations were strongest in the youngest and oldest age tertiles. CONCLUSIONS The protein-coding SIX6 variant rs33912345, previously associated with POAG, has a functional effect on glaucoma-associated optic nerve head traits in Europeans.
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15
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Asefa NG, Neustaeter A, Jansonius NM, Snieder H. Heritability of glaucoma and glaucoma-related endophenotypes: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Surv Ophthalmol 2019; 64:835-851. [DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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16
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Wang YX, Zhang Q, Yang H, Chen JD, Wang N, Jonas JB. Lamina cribrosa pore movement during acute intraocular pressure rise. Br J Ophthalmol 2019; 104:800-806. [PMID: 31488430 PMCID: PMC7286041 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-314016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To assess changes in the position of lamina cribrosa pores (LCPs) induced by acute intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation. Methods A prospective observational study. Acute angle-closure suspects who underwent the 2-hour dark room prone provocative test (DRPPT) were included. At baseline and within 5 min after the DRPPT end, tonometry, fundus photography and optical coherence tomography were performed. Optic disc photos taken before and after the DRPPT were aligned and moving distance of each visible LCP was measured (LCPMD). Results 38 eyes from 27 participants (age: 52.5±10.8 years) were included. The IOP rose from 16.7±3.2 mm Hg at baseline to 23.9±4.3 mm Hg at the DRPPT end. The mean lateral LCPMD was 28.1±14.6 µm (range: 5.0–77.2 µm), which increased with higher IOP rise (p=0.01) and deeper optic cup (p=0.02) in multivariate analysis. The intralamina range and SD of the LCPMD increased with younger age (p=0.01 and p=0.02, respectively) and with wider optic cup (p=0.01 and p=0.02, respectively). The LCP movements were headed to the superior direction in 12 (33%) eyes, inferior direction in 10 (28%) eyes, temporal direction in 9 (25%) eyes, and nasal direction in 5 (14%) eyes. Conclusions IOP rise is associated with LCP movements in the frontal plane, which are more pronounced with higher IOP rise and deeper optic cup. The intralamina variability in the IOP rise-associated LCPMD increased with younger age and wider optic cup. IOP variation-associated lateral LCP movements may be of interest to elucidate glaucomatous optic nerve damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Hongli Yang
- Devers Eye Institute, Optic Nerve Head Research Laboratory, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, United States
| | - Jian Dong Chen
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Ningli Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University, Mannheim, Germany
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17
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Lu SY, He ZZ, Xu JX, Yang C, Chen LJ, Gong B. Association of Polymorphisms at the SIX1-SIX6 Locus With Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 60:2914-2924. [PMID: 31284308 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-26489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi Yao Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zong Ze He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia Xin Xu
- School of Clinic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chen Yang
- The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Jia Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bo Gong
- The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Chengdu Biology, Sichuan Translational Medicine Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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18
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Chen M, Yu X, Xu J, Ma J, Chen X, Chen B, Gu Y, Wang K. Association of Gene Polymorphisms With Primary Open Angle Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 60:1105-1121. [PMID: 30901387 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-25922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Eye Center, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoning Yu
- Eye Center, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Xu
- Eye Center, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Eye Center, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Eye Center, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Binbin Chen
- Eye Center, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxiang Gu
- Eye Center, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaijun Wang
- Eye Center, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Hangzhou, China
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19
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Zangwill LM, Ayyagari R, Liebmann JM, Girkin CA, Feldman R, Dubiner H, Dirkes KA, Holmann M, Williams-Steppe E, Hammel N, Saunders LJ, Vega S, Sandow K, Roll K, Slight R, Auerbach D, Samuels BC, Panarelli JF, Mitchell JP, Al-Aswad LA, Park SC, Tello C, Cotliar J, Bansal R, Sidoti PA, Cioffi GA, Blumberg D, Ritch R, Bell NP, Blieden LS, Davis G, Medeiros FA, Ng MCY, Das SK, Palmer ND, Divers J, Langefeld CD, Freedman BI, Bowden DW, Christopher MA, Chen YDI, Guo X, Taylor KD, Rotter JI, Weinreb RN. The African Descent and Glaucoma Evaluation Study (ADAGES) III: Contribution of Genotype to Glaucoma Phenotype in African Americans: Study Design and Baseline Data. Ophthalmology 2019; 126:156-170. [PMID: 29361356 PMCID: PMC6050158 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the study protocol and baseline characteristics of the African Descent and Glaucoma Evaluation Study (ADAGES) III. DESIGN Cross-sectional, case-control study. PARTICIPANTS Three thousand two hundred sixty-six glaucoma patients and control participants without glaucoma of African or European descent were recruited from 5 study centers in different regions of the United States. METHODS Individuals of African descent (AD) and European descent (ED) with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and control participants completed a detailed demographic and medical history interview. Standardized height, weight, and blood pressure measurements were obtained. Saliva and blood samples to provide serum, plasma, DNA, and RNA were collected for standardized processing. Visual fields, stereoscopic disc photographs, and details of the ophthalmic examination were obtained and transferred to the University of California, San Diego, Data Coordinating Center for standardized processing and quality review. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Participant gender, age, race, body mass index, blood pressure, history of smoking and alcohol use in POAG patients and control participants were described. Ophthalmic measures included intraocular pressure, visual field mean deviation, central corneal thickness, glaucoma medication use, or past glaucoma surgery. Ocular conditions, including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and past cataract surgery, were recorded. RESULTS The 3266 ADAGES III study participants in this report include 2146 AD POAG patients, 695 ED POAG patients, 198 AD control participants, and 227 ED control participants. The AD POAG patients and control participants were significantly younger (both, 67.4 years) than ED POAG patients and control participants (73.4 and 70.2 years, respectively). After adjusting for age, AD POAG patients had different phenotypic characteristics compared with ED POAG patients, including higher intraocular pressure, worse visual acuity and visual field mean deviation, and thinner corneas (all P < 0.001). Family history of glaucoma did not differ between AD and ED POAG patients. CONCLUSIONS With its large sample size, extensive specimen collection, and deep phenotyping of AD and ED glaucoma patients and control participants from different regions in the United States, the ADAGES III genomics study will address gaps in our knowledge of the genetics of POAG in this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda M Zangwill
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Radha Ayyagari
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jeffrey M Liebmann
- Bernard and Shirlee Brown Glaucoma Research Laboratory, Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Christopher A Girkin
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Robert Feldman
- Ruiz Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas
| | | | - Keri A Dirkes
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Matthew Holmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Eunice Williams-Steppe
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Naama Hammel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Luke J Saunders
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Suzanne Vega
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Kevin Sandow
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Kathryn Roll
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Rigby Slight
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Daniel Auerbach
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Brian C Samuels
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Joseph F Panarelli
- Einhorn Clinical Research Center, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - John P Mitchell
- Bernard and Shirlee Brown Glaucoma Research Laboratory, Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Lama A Al-Aswad
- Ruiz Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas
| | - Sung Chul Park
- Einhorn Clinical Research Center, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Celso Tello
- Einhorn Clinical Research Center, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Jeremy Cotliar
- Bernard and Shirlee Brown Glaucoma Research Laboratory, Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Rajendra Bansal
- Bernard and Shirlee Brown Glaucoma Research Laboratory, Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Paul A Sidoti
- Einhorn Clinical Research Center, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - George A Cioffi
- Bernard and Shirlee Brown Glaucoma Research Laboratory, Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Dana Blumberg
- Bernard and Shirlee Brown Glaucoma Research Laboratory, Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Robert Ritch
- Einhorn Clinical Research Center, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Nicholas P Bell
- Ruiz Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas
| | - Lauren S Blieden
- Ruiz Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas
| | - Garvin Davis
- Ruiz Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas
| | - Felipe A Medeiros
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Maggie C Y Ng
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Swapan K Das
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Center for Public Health Genomics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Nicholette D Palmer
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Center for Public Health Genomics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Jasmin Divers
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Center for Public Health Genomics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Center for Public Health Genomics, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Center for Diabetes Research, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Mark A Christopher
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Yii-der I Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Robert N Weinreb
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California.
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20
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Association of the SIX6 locus with primary open angle glaucoma in southern Chinese and Japanese. Exp Eye Res 2018; 180:129-136. [PMID: 30586556 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the association profiles of the SIX6 locus with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in southern Chinese and Japanese. In this study, we tested single marker and haplotype-based associations of 11 tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) covering the SIX6 locus with POAG in a Hong Kong Chinese cohort (N = 1402). A novel SNP (i.e., rs12436579) and two SNPs (i.e., rs33912345 and rs10483727) from previous genome-wide association studies were further tested in a Chinese cohort from Shantou (N = 888) and a Japanese cohort from Osaka (N = 463). Results from the three cohorts were meta-analysed using a random-effect model. We found rs12436579, which has not been previously reported, was associated with POAG in Hong Kong and Shantou Chinese (Pcombined = 4.3 × 10-5, OR = 0.72, I2 = 0). Additionally, we replicated the association of one known SNP, rs33912345 (Pcombined = 0.0061, OR = 0.69, I2 = 45%), with POAG in the Chinese cohorts but not in the Japanese cohort (P > 0.6). Another known SNP, rs10483727, was nominally associated with POAG in the two Chinese cohorts (Pcombined = 0.017, OR = 0.70, I2 = 53%). All these three SNPs were significantly associated with POAG when the three cohorts were combined in meta-analysis (Pcombined<0.005). Furthermore, two haplotypes, C-C (Pcombined = 1.13 × 10-5, OR = 1.41, I2 = 0) and A-A (Pcombined = 0.045, OR = 0.68, I2 = 70%), defined by rs33912345-rs12436579 were associated with POAG in Chinese but not in Japanese. In conclusion, this study confirmed the association between two GWAS SNPs in SIX6 (rs33912345 and rs10483727) and POAG. Also, a SNP, rs12436579, not associated with POAG before, was found to be associated with POAG in Chinese. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the role of this novel SNP in POAG.
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21
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Lack of Association between Variant rs7916697 in ATOH7 and Primary Open Angle Glaucoma in a Saudi Cohort. GENETICS RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:2148056. [PMID: 30519491 PMCID: PMC6241241 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2148056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A case-control genetic association study was performed to investigate whether variant rs7916697 in atonal bHLH transcription factor 7 (ATOH7), which has been previously reported to be associated with optic disc parameters and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in different ethnic groups, is a risk factor for POAG or any of its clinical phenotypes in a Saudi cohort. Genotyping of rs7916697 (G>A) variant was performed in 186 unrelated POAG cases and 171 unrelated nonglaucomatous controls of Saudi origin using real-time Taq-Man® assay. Genotypic and allelic association with POAG and its related clinical indices were evaluated. Demographic and systemic disease status did not differ significantly between POAG cases and controls. Association analysis between POAG cases and controls showed no significant genotype effect under additive (p=0.707), dominant (p=0.458), and recessive (p=0.554) models. Besides, the minor ‘A' allele frequency was 0.39 in POAG cases and 0.36 in controls with no significant distribution (p=0.406). In addition, there was no significant difference between genotypes and clinical phenotypes such as intraocular pressure and cup/disc ratio within the POAG group, or any age and sex adjusted genotype effect on the disease outcome in regression analysis. Variant rs7916697 in ATOH7 is not associated with POAG or its clinical indices such as IOP and cup/disc ratio in a Saudi cohort.
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22
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Chen Y, Qiu C, Qian S, Chen J, Chen X, Wang L, Sun X. Lack of Association of rs1192415 in TGFBR3-CDC7 With Visual Field Progression: A Cohort Study in Chinese Open Angle Glaucoma Patients. Front Genet 2018; 9:488. [PMID: 30405695 PMCID: PMC6208000 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the association of known candidate genes with the visual field (VF) progression of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in a Han Chinese population. We included 440 POAG patients in this study. Fourteen previously reported single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at five different gene regions (TGFBR3-CDC7, TMCO1, CDKN2B-AS1, ATOH7, and SIX1/SIX6) were genotyped. Age at diagnosis, gender, intraocular pressure (IOP), mean defect (MD) of VF, vertical cup disk ratio (VCDR), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central corneal thickness (CCT), and axial length (AL) were recorded at baseline. Patients were followed up for 5 years to evaluate VF progression over time. Clinical information and allele frequencies of 14 SNPs were compared between patients who progressed and who did not within 5 years by multivariate logistic regression. Survival analysis was performed to evaluate the contribution of the associated SNP by cox regression. Greater MD (P < 0.0001), increased VCDR (P = 0.0001), higher IOP (P = 0.0003), worse BCVA (P = 0.002), and older age (P = 0.030) at the baseline were associated with VF progression. Both multivariate logistic regression and cox regression survival analysis showed none of the 14 SNPs statistically associated with VF progression adjusted with age at diagnosis, gender, baseline MD, follow-up IOP, CCT, and AL. There were lack of association of SNPs at TGFBR3-CDC7, TMCO1, ATOH7, CDKN2B-AS1, SIX1/SIX6 loci with VF progression in POAG patients in Han Chinese. Further studies are needed to evaluate the association of genetic variants with VF progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye and Ear Nose Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye and Ear Nose Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaohong Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye and Ear Nose Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye and Ear Nose Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueli Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye and Ear Nose Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye and Ear Nose Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinghuai Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye and Ear Nose Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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23
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Guymer C, Wood JPM, Chidlow G, Casson RJ. Neuroprotection in glaucoma: recent advances and clinical translation. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018; 47:88-105. [DOI: 10.1111/ceo.13336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Guymer
- Ophthalmic Research Laboratory, South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology; University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - John PM Wood
- Ophthalmic Research Laboratory, South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology; University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Glyn Chidlow
- Ophthalmic Research Laboratory, South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology; University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Robert J Casson
- Ophthalmic Research Laboratory, South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology; University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
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24
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Chen T, Ma J, Shan G, Zhong Y. The polymorphisms of ATOH 7, ET-1 and ACE in non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Exp Eye Res 2018; 174:147-151. [PMID: 29792847 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is a common cause of acute optic neuropathy in the elderly. The role of the genetic polymorphisms of Atonal Homolog 7 (ATOH7), Endothelin-1 (ET-1) and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) in NAION and the combined effects of the gene-gene and gene-medical comorbidities on NAION were not clear. We conducted a perspective, case-control study. 71 NAION patients and 142 age and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of ATOH7 (rs1900004), ET-1 (rs5370) and ACE (rs1799752) were identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and all PCR products were screened with Sanger sequencing. The prevalence of genetic factors in NAION patients were compared to normal people, and assessed in conditional logistic regression models. The modified effects of gene-gene or gene-medical comorbidities on NAION development were assessed with a multiplicative model. A significant high risk was found in the T allele of ATOH7 in NAION, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.55 (P = 0.04). Conditional logistic regression analysis, including diabetes and hypertension, revealed that ATOH7 TT genotype carriers conferred a significantly increased risk of NAION (TT/CC + CT, OR = 3.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.16-9.53, P = 0.03). Interaction analysis showed that ET-1 (P = 0.01), ACE (P = 0.046) and hypertension (P = 0.02) have modified effects on NAION development. Our results showed that the polymorphism of optic disc associated gene-ATOH7 conferred a significant risk of NAION. Combination of ATOH7 and ET-1, ATOH7 and ACE, as well as ATOH7 and hypertension, increased the susceptibility of NAION. Our data may be useful for NAION predicting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guangliang Shan
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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25
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Gharahkhani P, Burdon KP, Cooke Bailey JN, Hewitt AW, Law MH, Pasquale LR, Kang JH, Haines JL, Souzeau E, Zhou T, Siggs OM, Landers J, Awadalla M, Sharma S, Mills RA, Ridge B, Lynn D, Casson R, Graham SL, Goldberg I, White A, Healey PR, Grigg J, Lawlor M, Mitchell P, Ruddle J, Coote M, Walland M, Best S, Vincent A, Gale J, RadfordSmith G, Whiteman DC, Montgomery GW, Martin NG, Mackey DA, Wiggs JL, MacGregor S, Craig JE. Analysis combining correlated glaucoma traits identifies five new risk loci for open-angle glaucoma. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3124. [PMID: 29449654 PMCID: PMC5814451 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20435-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Open-angle glaucoma (OAG) is a major cause of blindness worldwide. To identify new risk loci for OAG, we performed a genome-wide association study in 3,071 OAG cases and 6,750 unscreened controls, and meta-analysed the results with GWAS data for intraocular pressure (IOP) and optic disc parameters (the overall meta-analysis sample size varying between 32,000 to 48,000 participants), which are glaucoma-related traits. We identified and independently validated four novel genome-wide significant associations within or near MYOF and CYP26A1, LINC02052 and CRYGS, LMX1B, and LMO7 using single variant tests, one additional locus (C9) using gene-based tests, and two genetic pathways - "response to fluid shear stress" and "abnormal retina morphology" - in pathway-based tests. Interestingly, some of the new risk loci contribute to risk of other genetically-correlated eye diseases including myopia and age-related macular degeneration. To our knowledge, this study is the first integrative study to combine genetic data from OAG and its correlated traits to identify new risk variants and genetic pathways, highlighting the future potential of combining genetic data from genetically-correlated eye traits for the purpose of gene discovery and mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puya Gharahkhani
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | | | - Jessica N Cooke Bailey
- Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Matthew H Law
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Louis R Pasquale
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jae H Kang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Souzeau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Tiger Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Owen M Siggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - John Landers
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Mona Awadalla
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Shiwani Sharma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Richard A Mills
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Bronwyn Ridge
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - David Lynn
- South Australian Health & Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Robert Casson
- South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Stuart L Graham
- Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ivan Goldberg
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew White
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Centre for Vision Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul R Healey
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Centre for Vision Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - John Grigg
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mitchell Lawlor
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paul Mitchell
- Centre for Vision Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Jonathan Ruddle
- Centre for Eye Research Australia (CERA), University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Coote
- Centre for Eye Research Australia (CERA), University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Walland
- Centre for Eye Research Australia (CERA), University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen Best
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andrea Vincent
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jesse Gale
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Graham RadfordSmith
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston Campus, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David C Whiteman
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David A Mackey
- University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.,Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Janey L Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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26
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Burdon KP, Awadalla MS, Mitchell P, Wang JJ, White A, Keane MC, Souzeau E, Graham SL, Goldberg I, Healey PR, Landers J, Mills RAD, Best S, Hewitt AW, Sharma S, Craig JE. DNA methylation at the 9p21 glaucoma susceptibility locus is associated with normal-tension glaucoma. Ophthalmic Genet 2017; 39:221-227. [PMID: 29265947 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2017.1413659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent genome-wide association studies reported strong association of genetic variation at the CDKN2B/CDKN2B-AS1 locus on 9p21 with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) in multiple populations. The mechanism by which this locus causes disease remains to be elucidated. We investigated the association of DNA methylation of CpG islands at this locus with NTG. METHODS We conducted a retrospective case-control study of 178 NTG cases and 202 unaffected controls from Australia. CDKN2B and CDKN2B-AS1 promoter methylation was measured quantitatively using the MassCleave assay, and assessed for association with the disease, and the genotype of the associated risk variants using IBM SPSS statistics 22.0 CpG sites at which methylation status was associated with NTG were validated using pyrosequencing. RESULTS We identified one CpG site (F1:13-14) in the CDKN2B promoter which showed significant association with NTG (p = 0.001). The association was highly significant in female cases (p = 0.006) but not in male cases (p = 0.054). The association was validated using an independent method confirming the likely association of DNA methylation with NTG in females (p = 0.015), but not in males (p = 0.497). In addition, methylation at CpG sites in CDKN2B was also associated with genotype at rs1063192, which is known to confer risk for NTG. CONCLUSION This study reveals an association of methylation status in the CDKN2B promoter with NTG, particularly in females. This suggests that the observed genetic association with the disease at this locus could be in part due to epigenetic mechanisms, and is likely to be independent of the association of nonsynonymous coding variation within the gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn P Burdon
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Flinders University , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia.,b Menzies Institute for Medical Research , University of Tasmania , Sydney , Australia
| | - Mona S Awadalla
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Flinders University , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia
| | - Paul Mitchell
- c Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Institute for Medical Research , University of Sydney , Westmead , Australia
| | - Jie Jin Wang
- c Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Institute for Medical Research , University of Sydney , Westmead , Australia
| | - Andrew White
- c Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Institute for Medical Research , University of Sydney , Westmead , Australia
| | - Miriam C Keane
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Flinders University , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia
| | - Emmanuelle Souzeau
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Flinders University , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia
| | - Stuart L Graham
- d Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Macquarie University , Sydney , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Ivan Goldberg
- e Eye Associates, Glaucoma Unit , Sydney Eye Hospital , Australia
| | - Paul R Healey
- c Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Institute for Medical Research , University of Sydney , Westmead , Australia.,e Eye Associates, Glaucoma Unit , Sydney Eye Hospital , Australia.,f Discipline of Ophthalmology , The University of Sydney , Australia
| | - John Landers
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Flinders University , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia
| | - Richard A D Mills
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Flinders University , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia
| | - Stephen Best
- g Auckland Eye , Auckland , New Zealand.,h Auckland District Health Board , Greenlane Clinical Centre , Auckland , New Zealand.,i Discipline of Ophthalmology , University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- b Menzies Institute for Medical Research , University of Tasmania , Sydney , Australia.,j Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital & Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery , The University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shiwani Sharma
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Flinders University , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia
| | - Jamie E Craig
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Flinders University , Adelaide, South Australia , Australia
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Gupta S, Chatterjee S, Chandra A, Maurya OPS, Mishra RN, Mukherjee A, Mutsuddi M. TP53 codon 72 polymorphism and the risk of glaucoma in a north Indian cohort: A genetic association study. Ophthalmic Genet 2017; 39:228-235. [DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2017.1413661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Gupta
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Souradip Chatterjee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | | | - Om Prakash Singh Maurya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ravindra Nath Mishra
- Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ashim Mukherjee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Mousumi Mutsuddi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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28
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Kondkar AA, Azad TA, Almobarak FA, Kalantan H, Sultan T, Alsabaani NA, Al-Obeidan SA, Abu-Amero KK. Polymorphism rs10483727 in the SIX1/SIX6 Gene Locus Is a Risk Factor for Primary Open Angle Glaucoma in a Saudi Cohort. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2017; 22:74-78. [PMID: 29190129 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2017.0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Variant rs10483727 in the SIX1/SIX6 locus has been significantly associated with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in multiple ethnic groups. We conducted a case-control study to investigate the association between this variant and POAG in a Saudi cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS Polymorphism rs10483727 was genotyped by using a TaqMan® assay in 186 subjects comprising 92 unrelated POAG cases and 94 controls all of Saudi origin. RESULTS The "C" allele frequency was 0.33 and 0.45 among POAG cases and controls, respectively (odds ratio [OR] = 0.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.38-0.89; p = 0.013), suggesting a protective effect; and the "T" allele was associated with increased susceptibility to POAG (OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.11-2.58; p = 0.013). Genotype distribution was also significantly associated with POAG (χ2 = 6.41, df = 2, p = 0.041). Endophenotype traits such as intraocular pressure and cup/disk ratio did not show any significant genotype distribution in POAG cases. A binary logistic regression analysis used to evaluate the effects of age, gender, and genotype on the likelihood of having POAG showed that genotype distribution (p = 0.012) significantly affected the disease outcome as compared with age (p = 0.055) and sex (p = 0.432). CONCLUSION The "T" allele of the rs10483727 polymorphism is an independent significant risk factor for POAG in the Saudi population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altaf A Kondkar
- 1 Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taif A Azad
- 1 Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal A Almobarak
- 1 Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem Kalantan
- 1 Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahira Sultan
- 1 Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser A Alsabaani
- 2 Ophthalmology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University , Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Al-Obeidan
- 1 Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled K Abu-Amero
- 1 Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia .,3 Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
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29
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Kirilenko MY, Tikunova EV, Sirotina SS, Polonikov AV, Bushueva OY, Churnosov MI. [Studying the association between genetic polymorphism of growth factors and the development of primary open-angle glaucoma]. Vestn Oftalmol 2017; 133:9-15. [PMID: 28745651 DOI: 10.17116/oftalma201713339-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a multifactorial disease, etiopathogenesis of which largely depends on growth factors. Possessing a variety of medical and biological effects, these cytokines may influence the development and progression of POAG. AIM to reveal the role of genetic polymorphisms of growth factors in predisposition to developing POAG that is refractory to local hypotensive therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS The object of the study were 162 patients with stage II-III POAG, in whom local hypotensive therapy was inefficient, 90 patients with stage II-III POAG well controlled on local hypotensive therapy, and 191 controls. The material for the study was venous blood taken from the cubital vein of a proband. Isolation of genomic DNA was performed by phenol-chloroform extraction. Analysis of genetic polymorphisms of growth factors was performed through allelic discrimination. For that, synthesis of DNA was carried out via polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS It is found that the T IGFR-1 genetic variant (OR=1.34) and a combination of the C VEGF-A and T IGFR-1 genetic variants (OR=1.90) are risk factors of developing POAG that is refractory to local hypotensive therapy. A statistical model for predicting such a risk has been proposed that includes: VEGF-A с.-958C>T genetic marker (rs 833,061), age, concomitant non-inflammatory ocular diseases, microvascular changes in the conjunctiva, the degree of pigmentation of the angle of the anterior chamber, and pseudoexfoliative syndrome. Recognition accuracy of the model is 90.42%. CONCLUSION The T IGFR-1 genetic variant and a combination of the C VEGF-A and T IGFR-1 genetic variants increase the risk of developing POAG that is refractory to local hypotensive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yu Kirilenko
- Belgorod State University, 85 Pobedy St., Belgorod, Russia, 308015
| | - E V Tikunova
- Belgorod State University, 85 Pobedy St., Belgorod, Russia, 308015
| | - S S Sirotina
- Belgorod State University, 85 Pobedy St., Belgorod, Russia, 308015
| | - A V Polonikov
- Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karla Marksa St., Kursk, Russia, 305041
| | - O Yu Bushueva
- Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karla Marksa St., Kursk, Russia, 305041
| | - M I Churnosov
- Belgorod State University, 85 Pobedy St., Belgorod, Russia, 308015
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30
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Hu Z, He C. CDKN2B gene rs1063192 polymorphism decreases the risk of glaucoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:21167-21176. [PMID: 28416752 PMCID: PMC5400574 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between cyclin-dependent kinase Inhibitor-2B (CDKN2B) gene rs1063192 polymorphism and glaucoma risk. We searched the databases of PubMed, and Embase. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by using fixed-effect or random-effect models. A total of 14 case-control studies involving 11,316 cases and 24,055 controls were included. Meta-analysis showed that CDKN2B gene rs1063192 polymorphism was associated with a decreased risk of glaucoma. Stratification analysis of ethnicity indicated that rs1063192 polymorphism decreased the risk of glaucoma among Caucasians and Asians. Stratification analysis by type of glaucoma revealed that rs1063192 polymorphism conferred a protective factor of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and non-POAG. Stratification by source of controls uncovered an association between rs1063192 polymorphism and glaucoma in groups of population-based controls. In conclusion, this meta-analysis indicates that CDKN2B gene rs1063192 polymorphism is significantly associated with a decreased risk of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxian Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenliang He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, China
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31
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Liu Y, Allingham RR. Major review: Molecular genetics of primary open-angle glaucoma. Exp Eye Res 2017; 160:62-84. [PMID: 28499933 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), the most common type, is a complex inherited disorder that is characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cell death, optic nerve head excavation, and visual field loss. The discovery of a large, and growing, number of genetic and chromosomal loci has been shown to contribute to POAG risk, which carry implications for disease pathogenesis. Differential gene expression analyses in glaucoma-affected tissues as well as animal models of POAG are enhancing our mechanistic understanding in this common, blinding disorder. In this review we summarize recent developments in POAG genetics and molecular genetics research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Liu
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States; James & Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States; Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - R Rand Allingham
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States; Duke - National University of Singapore (Duke-NUS), Singapore.
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32
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Shah MH, Tabanera N, Krishnadas SR, Pillai MR, Bovolenta P, Sundaresan P. Identification and characterization of variants and a novel 4 bp deletion in the regulatory region of SIX6, a risk factor for primary open-angle glaucoma. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2017; 5:323-335. [PMID: 28717659 PMCID: PMC5511802 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Primary open‐angle glaucoma (POAG) is a complex disease of multigenic inheritance and the most common subtype of glaucoma. SIX6 encodes a transcription factor involved in retina, optic nerve, and pituitary development. Previous studies showed a genetic association between the SIX6 locus and POAG, identifying risk alleles. Whether these alleles are present also in the south Indian population is unclear. Methods To address this question, the SIX6 gene and an already characterized and highly conserved SIX6 enhancer (Ch14:60974427‐60974430) were sequenced in two south Indian cohorts, respectively, composed of 65/65 and 200/200 POAG cases/age‐matched controls. We next used Taqman‐based allelic discrimination assay to genotype a common variant (rs33912345: c.421A>C) and the rs1048372 SNP in two cohorts, respectively, composed of 557/387 and 590/448 POAG cases/age‐matched controls. An additional cohort of 153 POAG cases was subsequently recruited to assess the association of the rs33912345:c.421A>C and rs10483727 variants with more prominent changes in two POAG diagnostic parameters: retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and vertical cup/disc ratio, using spectral domain optical coherence tomography. The activity of the newly identified enhancer variants was assessed by transgenesis in zebrafish and luciferase assays. Results We identified two known rare and two common variants in the SIX6 locus and a novel 4 bp deletion in the analyzed enhancer. Contrary to previous studies, we could not establish a significant association between the rs10483727 and rs33912345:c.421A>C variants and PAOG in the south Indian ethnicity but patients carrying the corresponding C or T risk alleles exhibited a dose‐dependent reduction of the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer and a significant increase in the vertical cup/disc ratio. Transgenesis in zebrafish and luciferase assays demonstrated that the newly identified 4 bp deletion significantly reduced reporter expression in cells of the retinal ganglion and amacrine layers, where human SIX6 is expressed. Conclusion Altogether, our data further support the implication of SIX6 variants as POAG risk factors and implicates SIX6 haploinsufficiency in POAG pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Hussain Shah
- Department of Molecular GeneticsAravind Medical Research FoundationMaduraiIndia
| | - Noemi Tabanera
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaCSIC-UAMMadridSpain.,CIBERER, ISCIIIMadridSpain
| | | | | | - Paola Bovolenta
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaCSIC-UAMMadridSpain.,CIBERER, ISCIIIMadridSpain
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Gupta V, Somarajan BI, Gupta S, Chaurasia AK, Kumar S, Dutta P, Gupta V, Sharma A, Tayo BO, Nischal K. The inheritance of juvenile onset primary open angle glaucoma. Clin Genet 2017; 92:134-142. [PMID: 27779752 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Juvenile onset open angle glaucoma (JOAG) affects patients before 40 years of age, who present with high intraocular pressure and deep steep cupping of the optic nerve head. While it was considered to be inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion, recent studies have shown an autosomal recessive pattern as well as sporadic occurrence of the disease in several families. In this review, we analyze the genetic basis of the disease along with common mutations and their association with JOAG. We also analyzed the inheritance patterns in a large group of unrelated JOAG patients (n = 336) from Northern India wherein the prevalence of familial occurrence was assessed and segregation analysis performed, to determine the mode of inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Gupta
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - B I Somarajan
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Gupta
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A K Chaurasia
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Kumar
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - P Dutta
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - V Gupta
- Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - A Sharma
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - B O Tayo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - K Nischal
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Scheetz TE, Faga B, Ortega L, Roos BR, Gordon MO, Kass MA, Wang K, Fingert JH. Glaucoma Risk Alleles in the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study. Ophthalmology 2016; 123:2527-2536. [PMID: 27707548 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a major cause of blindness and visual disability. Several genetic risk factors for POAG and optic nerve features have been identified. We measured the relative risk for glaucoma that these factors contribute to participants in the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study (OHTS). DESIGN Comparative series. PARTICIPANTS One thousand fifty-seven of 1636 participants (65%) of the OHTS were enrolled in this genetics ancillary study. METHODS Samples of DNA were available from 1057 OHTS participants. Of these, 209 developed POAG (cases) and 848 did not develop glaucoma (controls) between 1994 and 2009. The frequencies of 13 risk alleles previously associated with POAG or with optic disc features in other cohorts were compared between POAG cases and controls in the OHTS cohort using analyses of variance. The 2 largest subgroups, non-Hispanic whites (n = 752; 70.7%) and blacks (n = 249, 23.7%), also were analyzed separately. The probability of glaucoma developing over the course of the OHTS was compared between participants stratified for transmembrane and coiled-coil domains 1 (TMCO1) risk alleles using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards analyses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Association of POAG with known genetic factors. RESULTS No association was detected between the known POAG risk alleles when the OHTS cohort was examined as a whole. However, in the subgroup of non-Hispanic whites, allele frequencies at the TMCO1 locus were statistically different between cases and controls (P = 0.00028). By 13 years, non-Hispanic white participants with TMCO1 risk alleles had a 12% higher cumulative frequency of glaucoma developing than participants with no TMCO1 risk alleles. Moreover, the Cox proportional hazard analysis demonstrated that TMCO1 alleles increased relative risk comparable with that of some previously analyzed clinical measures (i.e., intraocular pressure). CONCLUSIONS The size of the OHTS cohort and its composition of 2 large racial subgroups may limit its power to detect some glaucoma risk factors. However, TMCO1 genotype was found to increase the risk of glaucoma developing among non-Hispanic whites, the largest racial subgroup in the OHTS cohort, at a magnitude similar to clinical predictors of disease that long have been associated with glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd E Scheetz
- Department Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Ben Faga
- Department Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Lizette Ortega
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Ben R Roos
- Department Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Mae O Gordon
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Michael A Kass
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Kai Wang
- Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - John H Fingert
- Department Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
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Kondkar AA, Mousa A, Azad TA, Sultan T, Almobarak FA, Alawad A, Altuwaijri S, Al-Obeidan SA, Abu-Amero KK. Analysis of Polymorphism rs1900004 in Atonal bHLH Transcription Factor 7 in Saudi Patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2016; 20:715-718. [PMID: 27617586 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2016.0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the association between the rs1900004 polymorphism in the atonal bHLH transcription factor 7 (ATOH7) gene and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in Saudi patients. METHODS Eighty-seven unrelated POAG cases and 94 unrelated control subjects of Saudi origin were genotyped utilizing a TaqMan® assay. The association between mutant genotypes and POAG and its related clinical indices was investigated. RESULTS The genotype and allele frequencies of the polymorphism in ATOH7 did not show any statistically significant association with POAG compared to controls. The minor allele frequency was 0.32 in both cases and controls. None of the demographic, systemic diseases nor glaucoma-specific clinical indices such as intraocular pressure (IOP), cup/disc ratio, and number of antiglaucoma medication, showed any significant association with genotypes. Binary logistic regression analysis (adjusted for age and gender) showed that age was a marginally significant risk factor for the development of glaucoma (adjusted odds ratio = 1.1; 95% confidence interval = 1.079-1.158; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The study did not detect any direct link between genotype/allele frequency of rs1900004 in ATOH7 and POAG or its related clinical indices such as IOP and cup/disc ratio indicating that this polymorphism is not a risk factor for POAG in a Saudi cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altaf A Kondkar
- 1 Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia .,2 Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Mousa
- 1 Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia .,2 Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taif A Azad
- 1 Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia .,2 Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahira Sultan
- 1 Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia .,2 Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal A Almobarak
- 1 Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia .,2 Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alawad
- 3 National Center for Stem Cell Technology (NCSCT), Life Sciences and Environmental Research Institute , King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Altuwaijri
- 4 SAAD Research & Development Center, Clinical Research Lab., SAAD Specialist Hospital , Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia .,5 Qassim University , Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Al-Obeidan
- 1 Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia .,2 Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled K Abu-Amero
- 1 Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia .,2 Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia .,6 Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine , Jacksonville, Florida
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36
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Abu-Amero KK, Kondkar AA, Mousa A, Almobarak FA, Alawad A, Altuwaijri S, Sultan T, Azad TA, Al-Obeidan SA. Analysis of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor-2B rs1063192 Polymorphism in Saudi Patients with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2016; 20:637-641. [PMID: 27541204 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2016.0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To investigate whether the polymorphism rs1063192 (A>G) in the cyclin-dependent kinase Inhibitor-2B (CDKN2B) gene is a risk factor for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). METHOD A case-control study was conducted wherein we genotyped 87 unrelated POAG cases and 94 control subjects from Saudi Arabia using the Taq-Man® assay. RESULTS The minor allele frequency was 0.20 in POAG cases and 0.21 in controls. Both the genotype and allele frequencies were not significantly different between cases and controls. No significant association was found between genotypes and glaucoma clinical indices, except that the mutant homozygous genotype (G/G) was associated with the family history of glaucoma (p = 0.024). CONCLUSION Polymorphism rs1063192 in CDKN2B is not a risk factor for POAG in Saudi cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled K Abu-Amero
- 1 Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia .,2 Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Florida , Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Altaf A Kondkar
- 1 Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Mousa
- 1 Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal A Almobarak
- 1 Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alawad
- 3 National Center for Stem Cell Technology (NCSCT), Life Sciences and Environmental Research Institute , King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Altuwaijri
- 4 Clinical Research Laboratory, SAAD Research and Development Center, SAAD Specialist Hospital , Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia .,5 Veterinary College, Qassim University , Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahira Sultan
- 1 Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taif A Azad
- 1 Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Al-Obeidan
- 1 Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Fingert JH, Robin AL, Scheetz TE, Kwon YH, Liebmann JM, Ritch R, Alward WLM. Tank-Binding Kinase 1 ( TBK1) Gene and Open-Angle Glaucomas (An American Ophthalmological Society Thesis). TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2016; 114:T6. [PMID: 27881886 PMCID: PMC5113957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the role of TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) gene copy-number variations (ie, gene duplications and triplications) in the pathophysiology of various open-angle glaucomas. METHODS In previous studies, we discovered that copy-number variations in the TBK1 gene are associated with normal-tension glaucoma. Here, we investigated the prevalence of copy-number variations in cohorts of patients with other open-angle glaucomas-juvenile-onset open-angle glaucoma (n=30), pigmentary glaucoma (n=209), exfoliation glaucoma (n=225), and steroid-induced glaucoma (n=79)-using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. RESULTS No TBK1 gene copy-number variations were detected in patients with juvenile-onset open-angle glaucoma, pigmentary glaucoma, or steroid-induced glaucoma. A TBK1 gene duplication was detected in one (0.44%) of the 225 exfoliation glaucoma patients. CONCLUSIONS TBK1 gene copy-number variations (gene duplications and triplications) have been previously associated with normal-tension glaucoma. An exploration of other open-angle glaucomas detected a TBK1 copy-number variation in a patient with exfoliation glaucoma, which is the first example of a TBK1 mutation in a glaucoma patient with a diagnosis other than normal-tension glaucoma. A broader phenotypic range may be associated with TBK1 copy-number variations, although mutations in this gene are most often detected in patients with normal-tension glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H Fingert
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (Dr Fingert, Dr Scheetz, Dr Kwon, Dr Alward); the Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (Dr Fingert, Dr Scheetz, Dr Kwon, Dr Alward); the Departments of Ophthalmology and International Health, School of Medicine and the Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Robin); the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Robin); Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (Dr Liebmann); the Einhorn Clinical Research Center, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York (Dr Ritch)
| | - Alan L Robin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (Dr Fingert, Dr Scheetz, Dr Kwon, Dr Alward); the Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (Dr Fingert, Dr Scheetz, Dr Kwon, Dr Alward); the Departments of Ophthalmology and International Health, School of Medicine and the Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Robin); the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Robin); Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (Dr Liebmann); the Einhorn Clinical Research Center, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York (Dr Ritch)
| | - Todd E Scheetz
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (Dr Fingert, Dr Scheetz, Dr Kwon, Dr Alward); the Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (Dr Fingert, Dr Scheetz, Dr Kwon, Dr Alward); the Departments of Ophthalmology and International Health, School of Medicine and the Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Robin); the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Robin); Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (Dr Liebmann); the Einhorn Clinical Research Center, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York (Dr Ritch)
| | - Young H Kwon
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (Dr Fingert, Dr Scheetz, Dr Kwon, Dr Alward); the Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (Dr Fingert, Dr Scheetz, Dr Kwon, Dr Alward); the Departments of Ophthalmology and International Health, School of Medicine and the Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Robin); the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Robin); Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (Dr Liebmann); the Einhorn Clinical Research Center, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York (Dr Ritch)
| | - Jeffrey M Liebmann
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (Dr Fingert, Dr Scheetz, Dr Kwon, Dr Alward); the Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (Dr Fingert, Dr Scheetz, Dr Kwon, Dr Alward); the Departments of Ophthalmology and International Health, School of Medicine and the Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Robin); the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Robin); Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (Dr Liebmann); the Einhorn Clinical Research Center, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York (Dr Ritch)
| | - Robert Ritch
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (Dr Fingert, Dr Scheetz, Dr Kwon, Dr Alward); the Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (Dr Fingert, Dr Scheetz, Dr Kwon, Dr Alward); the Departments of Ophthalmology and International Health, School of Medicine and the Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Robin); the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Robin); Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (Dr Liebmann); the Einhorn Clinical Research Center, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York (Dr Ritch)
| | - Wallace L M Alward
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (Dr Fingert, Dr Scheetz, Dr Kwon, Dr Alward); the Stephen A. Wynn Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa (Dr Fingert, Dr Scheetz, Dr Kwon, Dr Alward); the Departments of Ophthalmology and International Health, School of Medicine and the Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Robin); the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Robin); Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York (Dr Liebmann); the Einhorn Clinical Research Center, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York (Dr Ritch)
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Srilekha S, Rao B, Rao DM, Sudha D, Chandrasekar SP, Pandian AJ, Soumittra N, Sripriya S. Strategies for Gene Mapping in Inherited Ophthalmic Diseases. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2016; 5:282-92. [PMID: 27488070 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene mapping of inherited ophthalmic diseases such as congenital cataracts, retinal degeneration, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, myopia, optic atrophy, and eye malformations has shed more light on the disease pathology, identified targets for research on therapeutics, earlier detection, and treatment options for disease management and patient care. This article details the different approaches to gene identification for both Mendelian and complex eye disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundar Srilekha
- From the SNONGC Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Kamal Nayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (KNBIRVO), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sang J, Jia L, Zhao B, Wang H, Zhang N, Wang N. Association of three single nucleotide polymorphisms at the SIX1-SIX6 locus with primary open angle glaucoma in the Chinese population. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2016; 59:694-9. [PMID: 27260188 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-016-5073-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the genetic association of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs10483727, rs33912345, and rs146737847) at the SIX1-SIX6 locus with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in the Chinese population. A total of 866 subjects with POAG (685 high-tension glaucoma (HTG) and 181 normal-tension glaucoma (NTG)) and 266 control individuals were included. Significant genetic association was identified for rs10483727 in HTG (P=0.02; odds ratio (OR)=1.31), NTG (P=7.41×10(-6); OR=2.71), and POAG (i.e., HTG and NTG combined; P=0.001; OR=1.44). rs33912345 was also significantly associated with HTG (P=0.008; OR=1.36), NTG(P=2.72×10(-6); OR=2.27), and POAG (P=3.84×10(-4); OR=1.49). The rare SIX6 mutation, rs146737847, was not found in the subjects enrolled in this study. Stratification by patient age identified that both rs10483727 and rs33912345 were significantly associated with NTG in patients aged above 40 years (P=2.08×10(-5); OR=2.28), whereas in patients aged between 20-40 years, rs33912345 was significantly associated with NTG (P=0.017; OR=2.06). In HTG, the genetic associations for both rs10483727 and rs33912345 were significant in patients aged between 20-40 years (P=0.006; OR=1.56) but not in those aged above 40 years (P=0.118, OR=1.21 and P=0.042, OR=1.29, respectively). This study replicated the association of POAG with two SNPs at the SIX1-SIX6 locus and demonstrated that SNPs, rs10483727 and rs33912345, are significantly associated with POAG, especially with NTG in patients aged above 40 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghong Sang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Laboratory, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Liyun Jia
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Laboratory, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Bowen Zhao
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Laboratory, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Huaizhou Wang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Laboratory, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Nihong Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, 473000, China
| | - Ningli Wang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China.
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Science Key Laboratory, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China.
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China.
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DAI PEISHAN, HAN HAN, ZHAO YALI, FAN MIN. FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF THE MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GLAUCOMA. J MECH MED BIOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519416500603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Construct a finite element model of the human eye to quantitatively analyze the mechanical characteristics of the human eye, especially the glaucoma damage process of the optic nerve head (ONH). Method: First, the geometry model of the human eye with nonuniform thickness was established based on a reasonable hypothesis and assumptions. Because the ONH is an important factor for glaucoma, we refine the structure of the ONH with lamina cribrosa. Then, mesh division was applied for finite element analysis. To simplify the complexity of the analysis, the materials of the model were assumed to be isotropic linear elastic materials, and physical properties such as Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio were set according to published literature. Next, proper constraints and loads were applied to the model and solved with a finite element method. Result: A finite element model of the human eye was created to simulate the mechanical characteristics of the eye structures under high intraocular pressure (IOP). The ONH depressed 1.057[Formula: see text]mm under 0.009[Formula: see text]MPa pressure to simulate high IOP. Conclusion: The constructed model is able to quantitatively simulate excavation of the optic disc and damage of the optic nerve. The result proved Houcheng Liang’s hypothesis about the ONH damage mechanism in glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- PEISHAN DAI
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - HAN HAN
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, S117576, Singapore
| | - YALI ZHAO
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - MIN FAN
- Department of Education and Law, Hunan Women’s University, Changsha 410004, P. R. China
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Liu H, Yang ZK, Li Y, Zhang WJ, Wang YT, Duan XC. ABCB1 variants confer susceptibility to primary open-angle glaucoma and predict individual differences to latanoprost treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 80:115-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Gao S, Jakobs TC. Mice Homozygous for a Deletion in the Glaucoma Susceptibility Locus INK4 Show Increased Vulnerability of Retinal Ganglion Cells to Elevated Intraocular Pressure. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:985-1005. [PMID: 26883755 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A genomic region located on chromosome 9p21 is associated with primary open-angle glaucoma and normal tension glaucoma in genome-wide association studies. The genomic region contains the gene for a long noncoding RNA called CDKN2B-AS, two genes that code for cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors 2A and 2B (CDKN2A/p16(INK4A) and CDKN2B/p15(INK4B)) and an additional protein (p14(ARF)). We used a transgenic mouse model in which 70 kb of murine chromosome 4, syntenic to human chromosome 9p21, are deleted to study whether this deletion leads to a discernible phenotype in ocular structures implicated in glaucoma. Homozygous mice of this strain were previously reported to show persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous. Fundus photography and optical coherence tomography confirmed that finding but showed no abnormalities for heterozygous mice. Optokinetic response, eletroretinogram, and histology indicated that the heterozygous and mutant retinas were normal functionally and morphologically, whereas glial cells were activated in the retina and optic nerve head of mutant eyes. In quantitative PCR, CDKN2B expression was reduced by approximately 50% in the heterozygous mice and by 90% in the homozygous mice, which suggested that the CDKN2B knock down had no deleterious consequences for the retina under normal conditions. However, compared with wild-type and heterozygous animals, the homozygous mice are more vulnerable to retinal ganglion cell loss in response to elevated intraocular pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tatjana C Jakobs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Abu-Amero K, Kondkar AA, Chalam KV. An Updated Review on the Genetics of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:28886-911. [PMID: 26690118 PMCID: PMC4691082 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161226135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest that by 2020 the prevalence of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is estimated to increase to 76.0 million, and to 111.8 million by 2040 globally due to the population aging. The prevalence of POAG is the highest among those of African descent, followed by Asians, and the lowest in Europeans. POAG is a genetically complex trait with a substantial fraction exhibiting a significant heritability. Less than 10% of POAG cases in the general population are caused by specific gene mutations and the remaining cases are polygenic. Quantitative traits related to POAG pathogenesis such as intra-ocular pressure (IOP), vertical cup/disc ratio (VCDR), optic disc area, and central corneal thickness (CCT) are highly heritable, and likely to be influenced at least in part by genes and show substantial variation in human populations. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at different loci including CAV1/CAV2, TMCO1, CDKN2B-AS1, CDC7-TGFBR3, SIX1/SIX6, GAS7 and ATOH7 to be associated with POAG and its related quantitative traits (endophenotypes). The chapter provides a brief overview on the different GWAS and SNP association studies and their correlation with various clinical parameters important for POAG in the population worldwide, including the Middle East.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Abu-Amero
- Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11424, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of Medicine, 580, W, 8th Street, Tower-2, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA.
| | - Altaf A Kondkar
- Glaucoma Research Chair, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11424, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Kakarla V Chalam
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of Medicine, 580, W, 8th Street, Tower-2, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA.
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Burgess LG, Uppal K, Walker DI, Roberson RM, Tran V, Parks MB, Wade EA, May AT, Umfress AC, Jarrell KL, Stanley BOC, Kuchtey J, Kuchtey RW, Jones DP, Brantley MA. Metabolome-Wide Association Study of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2015; 56:5020-8. [PMID: 26230767 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.15-16702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine if primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients can be differentiated from controls based on metabolic characteristics. METHODS We used ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry with C18 liquid chromatography for metabolomic analysis on frozen plasma samples from 72 POAG patients and 72 controls. Metabolome-wide Spearman correlation was performed to select differentially expressed metabolites (DEM) correlated with POAG. We corrected P values for multiple testing using Benjamini and Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR). Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was used to depict the relationship between participants and DEM. Differentially expressed metabolites were matched to the METLIN metabolomics database; both DEM and metabolites significantly correlating with DEM were analyzed using MetaboAnalyst to identify metabolic pathways altered in POAG. RESULTS Of the 2440 m/z (mass/charge) features recovered after filtering, 41 differed between POAG cases and controls at FDR = 0.05. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed these DEM to associate into eight clusters; three of these clusters contained the majority of the DEM and included palmitoylcarnitine, hydroxyergocalciferol, and high-resolution METLIN matches to sphingolipids, other vitamin D-related metabolites, and terpenes. MetaboAnalyst also indicated likely alteration in steroid biosynthesis pathways. CONCLUSIONS Global ultrahigh resolution metabolomics emphasized the importance of altered lipid metabolism in POAG. The results suggest specific metabolic processes, such as those involving palmitoylcarnitine, sphingolipids, vitamin D-related compounds, and steroid precursors, may contribute to POAG status and merit more detailed study with targeted methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Goodwin Burgess
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Karan Uppal
- Department of Medicine, Emory University Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Douglas I Walker
- Department of Medicine, Emory University Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Rachel M Roberson
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - ViLinh Tran
- Department of Medicine, Emory University Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Megan B Parks
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Emily A Wade
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Alexandra T May
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Allison C Umfress
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Kelli L Jarrell
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Brooklyn O C Stanley
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - John Kuchtey
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Rachel W Kuchtey
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Dean P Jones
- Department of Medicine, Emory University Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Milam A Brantley
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
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Komáromy AM, Petersen-Jones SM. Genetics of Canine Primary Glaucomas. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2015; 45:1159-82, v. [PMID: 26277300 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Primary glaucomas are a leading cause of incurable vision loss in dogs. Based on their specific breed predilection, a genetic cause is suspected to be responsible, and affected dogs should be excluded from breeding. Despite the high prevalence of primary glaucomas in dogs, their genetics have been studied in only a small number of breeds. The identification of canine glaucoma disease genes, and the development of genetic tests, will help to avoid the breeding of affected dogs in the future and will allow for earlier diagnosis and potentially more effective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- András M Komáromy
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Medical Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 736 Wilson Road, Room D-208, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Simon M Petersen-Jones
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Medical Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 736 Wilson Road, Room D-208, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Kuo JZ, Zangwill LM, Medeiros FA, Liebmann JM, Girkin CA, Hammel N, Rotter JI, Weinreb RN. Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis of SIX1-SIX6 With Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Individuals of European Descent. Am J Ophthalmol 2015; 160:123-30.e1. [PMID: 25849520 PMCID: PMC4509729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To perform a quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis and evaluate whether a locus between SIX1 and SIX6 is associated with retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in individuals of European descent. DESIGN Observational, multicenter, cross-sectional study. METHODS A total of 231 participants were recruited from the Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study and the African Descent and Glaucoma Evaluation Study. Association of rs10483727 in SIX1-SIX6 with global and sectoral RNFL thickness was performed. Quantitative trait analysis with the additive model of inheritance was analyzed using linear regression. Trend analysis was performed to evaluate the mean global and sectoral RNFL thickness with 3 genotypes of interest (T/T, C/T, C/C). All models were adjusted for age and sex. RESULTS Direction of association between T allele and RNFL thickness was consistent in the global and different sectoral RNFL regions. Each copy of the T risk allele in rs10483727 was associated with -0.16 μm thinner global RNFL thickness (β = -0.16, 95% confidence interval: -0.28 to -0.03; P = .01). Similar patterns were found for the sectoral regions, including inferior (P = .03), inferior-nasal (P = .017), superior-nasal (P = .0025), superior (P = .002) and superior-temporal (P = .008). The greatest differences were observed in the superior and inferior quadrants, supporting clinical observations for RNFL thinning in glaucoma. Thinner global RNFL was found in subjects with T/T genotypes compared to subjects with C/T and C/C genotypes (P = .044). CONCLUSIONS Each copy of the T risk allele has an additive effect and was associated with thinner global and sectoral RNFL. Findings from this QTL analysis further support a genetic contribution to glaucoma pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Z Kuo
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Department of Ophthalmology, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Pathway Genomics Corporation, San Diego, California
| | - Linda M Zangwill
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Department of Ophthalmology, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Felipe A Medeiros
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Department of Ophthalmology, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jeffery M Liebmann
- Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Christopher A Girkin
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama, Callahan Eye Hospital, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Na'ama Hammel
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Department of Ophthalmology, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Robert N Weinreb
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Department of Ophthalmology, Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
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Li Z, Allingham RR, Nakano M, Jia L, Chen Y, Ikeda Y, Mani B, Chen LJ, Kee C, Garway-Heath DF, Sripriya S, Fuse N, Abu-Amero KK, Huang C, Namburi P, Burdon K, Perera SA, Gharahkhani P, Lin Y, Ueno M, Ozaki M, Mizoguchi T, Krishnadas SR, Osman EA, Lee MC, Chan ASY, Tajudin LSA, Do T, Goncalves A, Reynier P, Zhang H, Bourne R, Goh D, Broadway D, Husain R, Negi AK, Su DH, Ho CL, Blanco AA, Leung CKS, Wong TT, Yakub A, Liu Y, Nongpiur ME, Han JC, Hon DN, Shantha B, Zhao B, Sang J, Zhang N, Sato R, Yoshii K, Panda-Jonas S, Ashley Koch AE, Herndon LW, Moroi SE, Challa P, Foo JN, Bei JX, Zeng YX, Simmons CP, Bich Chau TN, Sharmila PF, Chew M, Lim B, Tam POS, Chua E, Ng XY, Yong VHK, Chong YF, Meah WY, Vijayan S, Seongsoo S, Xu W, Teo YY, Cooke Bailey JN, Kang JH, Haines JL, Cheng CY, Saw SM, Tai ES, Richards JE, Ritch R, Gaasterland DE, Pasquale LR, Liu J, Jonas JB, Milea D, George R, Al-Obeidan SA, Mori K, Macgregor S, Hewitt AW, Girkin CA, Zhang M, Sundaresan P, Vijaya L, Mackey DA, Wong TY, Craig JE, Sun X, Kinoshita S, Wiggs JL, Khor CC, Yang Z, Pang CP, Wang N, Hauser MA, Tashiro K, Aung T, Vithana EN. A common variant near TGFBR3 is associated with primary open angle glaucoma. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:3880-92. [PMID: 25861811 PMCID: PMC4459396 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), a major cause of blindness worldwide, is a complex disease with a significant genetic contribution. We performed Exome Array (Illumina) analysis on 3504 POAG cases and 9746 controls with replication of the most significant findings in 9173 POAG cases and 26 780 controls across 18 collections of Asian, African and European descent. Apart from confirming strong evidence of association at CDKN2B-AS1 (rs2157719 [G], odds ratio [OR] = 0.71, P = 2.81 × 10(-33)), we observed one SNP showing significant association to POAG (CDC7-TGFBR3 rs1192415, ORG-allele = 1.13, Pmeta = 1.60 × 10(-8)). This particular SNP has previously been shown to be strongly associated with optic disc area and vertical cup-to-disc ratio, which are regarded as glaucoma-related quantitative traits. Our study now extends this by directly implicating it in POAG disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Division of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - R Rand Allingham
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Eye Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Liyun Jia
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Centre, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical School
| | | | - Baskaran Mani
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li-Jia Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese Uuniversity of Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Changwon Kee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Seoul Korea
| | - David F Garway-Heath
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
| | - Sarangapani Sripriya
- SNONGC Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Nobuo Fuse
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Sendai, Japan
| | - Khaled K Abu-Amero
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Chukai Huang
- Chinese University of Hong Kong Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Prasanthi Namburi
- Department of Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Kathryn Burdon
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia, Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Shamira A Perera
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Puya Gharahkhani
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ying Lin
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Hospital of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Mineo Ozaki
- Ozaki Eye Hospital, 1-15, Kamezaki, Hyuga, Miyazaki 883-0066, Japan
| | - Takanori Mizoguchi
- Mizoguchi Eye Hospital, 6-13 Tawara-machi, Sasebo, Nagasaki 857-0016, Japan
| | | | - Essam A Osman
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Anita S Y Chan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Liza-Sharmini A Tajudin
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Tan Do
- Vietnam National Institute of Ophthalmology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Pascal Reynier
- Biochemistry Department, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rupert Bourne
- Huntingdon Glaucoma Diagnostic & Research Centre, Hinchingbrooke Hospital, Huntingdon, UK
| | - David Goh
- Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Broadway
- Norfolk & Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Rahat Husain
- Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anil K Negi
- Heart of UK NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Daniel H Su
- Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ching-Lin Ho
- Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Augusto Azuara Blanco
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Christopher K S Leung
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese Uuniversity of Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tina T Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Azhany Yakub
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Yutao Liu
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA, Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Monisha E Nongpiur
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jong Chul Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Seoul Korea
| | - Do Nhu Hon
- Vietnam National Institute of Ophthalmology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Bowen Zhao
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Centre, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghong Sang
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Centre, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - NiHong Zhang
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Centre, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Kengo Yoshii
- Department of Medical Statistics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Songhomita Panda-Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Leon W Herndon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Eye Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Pratap Challa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Eye Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jia Nee Foo
- Division of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jin-Xin Bei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, China, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cameron P Simmons
- Clinical Research Unit, Oxford University, 190 Ben Ham Tu, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Tran Nguyen Bich Chau
- Clinical Research Unit, Oxford University, 190 Ben Ham Tu, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | - Pansy O S Tam
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese Uuniversity of Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Wee Yang Meah
- Division of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Saravanan Vijayan
- Department of Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sohn Seongsoo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Seoul Korea
| | - Wang Xu
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yik Ying Teo
- Division of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jessica N Cooke Bailey
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jae H Kang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ching Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Seang-Mei Saw
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - E-Shyong Tai
- Department of Medicine, National University Health System & National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Julia E Richards
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Robert Ritch
- Einhorn Clinical Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Louis R Pasquale
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Division of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dan Milea
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ronnie George
- Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Saleh A Al-Obeidan
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Stuart Macgregor
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia, Centre for Eye Research Australia (CERA), University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher A Girkin
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Chinese University of Hong Kong Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Periasamy Sundaresan
- Department of Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Lingam Vijaya
- Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - David A Mackey
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia, Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore, Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Xinghuai Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, Myopia Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health of China, Shanghai, China and
| | | | - Janey L Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Chiea-Chuen Khor
- Division of Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine,
| | - Zhenglin Yang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Hospital of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sichuan Translational Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Chi Pui Pang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese Uuniversity of Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ningli Wang
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Centre, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Michael A Hauser
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Eye Center, Durham, NC, USA, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore, Singapore, Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eranga N Vithana
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore,
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Tham YC, Liao J, Vithana EN, Khor CC, Teo YY, Tai ES, Wong TY, Aung T, Cheng CY. Aggregate Effects of Intraocular Pressure and Cup-to-Disc Ratio Genetic Variants on Glaucoma in a Multiethnic Asian Population. Ophthalmology 2015; 122:1149-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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49
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Philomenadin FS, Asokan R, N V, George R, Lingam V, Sarangapani S. Genetic association of SNPs near ATOH7, CARD10, CDKN2B, CDC7 and SIX1/SIX6 with the endophenotypes of primary open angle glaucoma in Indian population. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119703. [PMID: 25798827 PMCID: PMC4370747 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) belonging to a group of optic neuropathies, result from interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Study of associations with quantitative traits (QTs) is one of the successful strategies to understand the complex genetics of POAG. The current study attempts to explore the association of variations near/in genes like ATOH7, SIX1/SIX6 complex, CDKN2B, CARD10, and CDC7 with POAG and its QTs including vertical cup to disc ratio (VCDR), central corneal thickness (CCT), intra ocular pressure (IOP), and axial length (AL). Case-control study design was carried out in a sample size of 97 POAG cases and 371 controls from South India. Model-based (additive, recessive, dominant) association of the genotypes and their interaction was carried out between cases and controls using chi-square, linear and logistic regression methods. Nominal significance (P<0.05) was observed for QTs like i) VCDR with SNPs rs1900004 (ATOH7); rs1192415 (CDC7); rs10483727 (SIX1/SIX6), rs9607469 (CARD10); ii) CCT with rs1192415; iii) IOP with rs1900004 and iv) AL with rs1900004 and rs1063192 (CDKN2B). We were able to replicate previously known interactions between ATOH7-SIX6 and SIX6-CDKN2B along with few novel interactions between ATOH7—CDC7 and SIX6 with genes including CARD10 and CDC7. In summary, our results suggest that a probable interaction among the candidate genes for QTs, play a major role in determining the individual’s susceptibility to POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinamarie Sharmila Philomenadin
- SNONGC Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, Vision Research foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
- PhD Scholar, Birla Institute of Technology & Science (BITS), Pilani, 333 031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rashima Asokan
- Chennai Glaucoma Study, Medical and Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Viswanathan N
- Biostatistician, Department of Preventive Ophthalmology, Medical research foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Ronnie George
- Chennai Glaucoma Study, Medical and Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Vijaya Lingam
- Chennai Glaucoma Study, Medical and Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Sripriya Sarangapani
- SNONGC Department of Genetics and Molecular biology, Vision Research foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
- * E-mail:
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50
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Agarwal N, Hanumunthadu D, Afrasiabi M, Malaguarnera G, Cordeiro MF. Clinical update in optic nerve disorders. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1586/17469899.2015.1003544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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