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Poutanen M, Hagberg Thulin M, Härkönen P. Targeting sex steroid biosynthesis for breast and prostate cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 2023:10.1038/s41568-023-00609-y. [PMID: 37684402 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00609-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matti Poutanen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- Turku Center for Disease Modelling, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- FICAN West Cancer Center, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
| | - Malin Hagberg Thulin
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pirkko Härkönen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- FICAN West Cancer Center, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Su M, Ye L, Tang Y, Wang S, Hu Z, Li H, Wang Y, Li X, Liu Y, Ge RS. Inhibition of Resveratrol Analogs on Human and Rat 3β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases: Structure-Activity Relationship and Docking Analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:7566-7574. [PMID: 37129992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol and its analogs are phytochemicals. Human 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (3β-HSD1) synthesizes steroid hormones for normal pregnancy or promoting cancer metastasis. Whether they inhibit 3β-HSD1 remains unclear. In this study, the inhibitory potency, mode of action, structure-activity relationship, and docking parameters of resveratrol and its analogs on 3β-HSD1 and rat homolog 3β-HSD4 were analyzed. The inhibitory potency of these chemicals on human 3β-HSD1 was 4,4'-dihydroxystilbene (IC50, 3.68 μM) > pinostilbene (8.07 μM) > pinosylvin (10.60 μM) > lunularin (26.84 μM) > resveratrol (30.20 μM) > dihydroresveratrol (>100 μM) = oxyresveratrol (>100 μM) > dihydropinosylvin (ineffective at 100 μM). Resveratrol analogs and metabolites are mixed or competitive inhibitors of human 3β-HSD1. Resveratrol and 4,4'-dihydroxystilbene inhibited progesterone secretion by human JAr cells at ≥1 μM. Resveratrol (IC50, 32.09 μM) and pinosylvin (34.71 μM) significantly inhibited rat placental 3β-HSD4 activity. Docking analysis shows that resveratrol analogs and metabolites bind the steroid-binding sites of human 3β-HSD1 and rat 3β-HSD4 and interact with the catalytic residues Ser125/Thr125 and Tyr155. The negative correlation of LogP and IC50 values for human 3β-HSD1 indicates that lipophilicity of chemicals plays a critical role in the inhibitory effect of chemicals. In conclusion, 4,4'-dihydroxystilbene, pinostilbene, and pinosylvin effectively inhibit human 3β-HSD1 depending on their lipophilicity, thereby acting as potential therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Su
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Environment and Male Reproductive Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yunbing Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Shaowei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Zhiyan Hu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Huitao Li
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yiyan Wang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Xiaoheng Li
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Ren-Shan Ge
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Environment and Male Reproductive Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
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3
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Sang J, Chu J, Zhao X, Quan H, Ji Z, Wang S, Tang Y, Hu Z, Li H, Li L, Ge RS. Curcuminoids inhibit human and rat placental 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases: Structure-activity relationship and in silico docking analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 305:116051. [PMID: 36572324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In traditional Chinese medicine, curcuma longa L has been applied to treat pain and tumour-related symptoms for over thousands of years. Curcuminoids, polyphenolic compounds, are the main pharmacological component from the rhizome of Curcuma longa L. Pharmacological investigations have found that curcuminoids have many pharmacological activities of anti-inflammatory, anti-tumour, and anti-metastasis. AIM OF THE STUDY 3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD1) catalyses the production of steroid precursors for androgens and estrogens, which play an essential role in cancer metastasis. We explored the potency and mode of action of curcuminoids and their metabolites of inhibiting 3β-HSD1 activity and compared the species difference between human and rat. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we investigated the direct inhibition of 6 curcuminoids on human placental 3β-HSD1 activity and compared the species-dependent difference in human 3β-HSD1 and rat placental homolog 3β-HSD4. RESULTS The inhibitory potency of curcuminoids on human 3β-HSD1 was demethoxycurcumin (IC50, 0.18 μM) > bisdemethoxycurcumin (0.21 μM)>curcumin (2.41 μM)> dihydrocurcumin (4.13 μM)>tetrahydrocurcumin (15.78 μM)>octahydrocurcumin (ineffective at 100 μM). The inhibitory potency of curcuminoids on rat 3β-HSD4 was bisdemethoxycurcumin (3.34 μM)>dihydrocurcumin (5.12 μM)>tetrahydrocurcumin (41.82 μM)>demethoxycurcumin (88.10 μM)>curcumin (137.06 μM)> octahydrocurcumin (ineffective at 100 μM). Human choriocarcinoma JAr cells with curcuminoid treatment showed that these chemicals had similar potency to inhibit progesterone secretion under basal and 8bromo-cAMP stimulated conditions. Docking analysis showed that all chemicals bind pregnenolone-binding site with mixed/competitive mode for 3β-HSD. CONCLUSION Some curcuminoids are potent human placental 3β-HSD1 inhibitors, possibly being potential drugs to treat prostate cancer and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Sang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Jinjin Chu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Hehua Quan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Zhongyao Ji
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Shaowei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Yunbing Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Zhiyan Hu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Huitao Li
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Linxi Li
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Ren-Shan Ge
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province and Key Laboratory of Environment and Male Reproductive Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Cui D, Li J, Zhu Z, Berk M, Hardaway A, McManus J, Chung YM, Alyamani M, Valle S, Tiwari R, Han B, Goudarzi M, Willard B, Sharifi N. Cancer-associated fibroblast-secreted glucosamine alters the androgen biosynthesis program in prostate cancer via HSD3B1 upregulation. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e161913. [PMID: 37009898 PMCID: PMC10065083 DOI: 10.1172/jci161913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
After androgen deprivation, prostate cancer frequently becomes castration resistant (CRPC), with intratumoral androgen production from extragonadal precursors that activate the androgen receptor pathway. 3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 (3βHSD1) is the rate-limiting enzyme for extragonadal androgen synthesis, which together lead to CRPC. Here, we show that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) increased epithelial 3βHSD1 expression, induced androgen synthesis, activated the androgen receptor, and induced CRPC. Unbiased metabolomics revealed that CAF-secreted glucosamine specifically induced 3βHSD1. CAFs induced higher GlcNAcylation in cancer cells and elevated expression of the transcription factor Elk1, which induced higher 3βHSD1 expression and activity. Elk1 genetic ablation in cancer epithelial cells suppressed CAF-induced androgen biosynthesis in vivo. In patient samples, multiplex fluorescent imaging showed that tumor cells expressed more 3βHSD1 and Elk1 in CAF-enriched areas compared with CAF-deficient areas. Our findings suggest that CAF-secreted glucosamine increases GlcNAcylation in prostate cancer cells, promoting Elk1-induced HSD3B1 transcription, which upregulates de novo intratumoral androgen synthesis to overcome castration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Cui
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianneng Li
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ziqi Zhu
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael Berk
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Aimalie Hardaway
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jeffrey McManus
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Yoon-Mi Chung
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Mohammad Alyamani
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Shelley Valle
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ritika Tiwari
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Bangmin Han
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Maryam Goudarzi
- Metabolomics Shared Laboratory Resource, Lerner Research Institute
| | - Belinda Willard
- Metabolomics Shared Laboratory Resource, Lerner Research Institute
| | - Nima Sharifi
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, and
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Li X, Berk M, Goins C, Alyamani M, Chung YM, Wang C, Patel M, Rathi N, Zhu Z, Willard B, Stauffer S, Klein E, Sharifi N. BMX controls 3βHSD1 and sex steroid biosynthesis in cancer. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e163498. [PMID: 36647826 PMCID: PMC9843047 DOI: 10.1172/jci163498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is highly dependent on androgens and the androgen receptor (AR). Hormonal therapies inhibit gonadal testosterone production, block extragonadal androgen biosynthesis, or directly antagonize AR. Resistance to medical castration occurs as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and is driven by reactivation of the androgen-AR axis. 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 (3βHSD1) serves as the rate-limiting step for potent androgen synthesis from extragonadal precursors, thereby stimulating CRPC. Genetic evidence in men demonstrates the role of 3βHSD1 in driving CRPC. In postmenopausal women, 3βHSD1 is required for synthesis of aromatase substrates and plays an essential role in breast cancer. Therefore, 3βHSD1 lies at a critical junction for the synthesis of androgens and estrogens, and this metabolic flux is regulated through germline-inherited mechanisms. We show that phosphorylation of tyrosine 344 (Y344) occurs and is required for 3βHSD1 cellular activity and generation of Δ4, 3-keto-substrates of 5α-reductase and aromatase, including in patient tissues. BMX directly interacts with 3βHSD1 and is necessary for enzyme phosphorylation and androgen biosynthesis. In vivo blockade of 3βHSD1 Y344 phosphorylation inhibits CRPC. These findings identify what we believe to be new hormonal therapy pharmacologic vulnerabilities for sex-steroid dependent cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Li
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute
| | - Michael Berk
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute
| | | | - Mohammad Alyamani
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute
| | - Yoon-Mi Chung
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute
| | - Chenyao Wang
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute
| | - Monaben Patel
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute
| | - Nityam Rathi
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute
| | - Ziqi Zhu
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute
| | | | - Shaun Stauffer
- Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Lerner Research Institute
| | - Eric Klein
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, and
| | - Nima Sharifi
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, and
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Michael P, Roversi G, Brown K, Sharifi N. Adrenal Steroids and Resistance to Hormonal Blockade of Prostate and Breast Cancer. Endocrinology 2023; 164:bqac218. [PMID: 36580423 PMCID: PMC10091490 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer and breast cancer are sex-steroid-dependent diseases that are driven in major part by gonadal sex steroids. Testosterone (T) is converted to 5α-dihydrotestosterone, both of which stimulate the androgen receptor (AR) and prostate cancer progression. Estradiol is the major stimulus for estrogen receptor-α (ERα) and proliferation of ERα-expressing breast cancer. However, the human adrenal provides an alternative source for sex steroids. A number of different androgens are produced by the adrenals, the most abundant of which is dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA sulfate. These precursor steroids are subject to metabolism by peripherally expressed enzymes that are responsible for the synthesis of potent androgens and estrogens. In the case of prostate cancer, the regulation of one of these enzymatic steps occurs at least in part by way of a germline-encoded missense in 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 (3βHSD1), which regulates potent androgen biosynthesis and clinical outcomes in men with advanced prostate cancer treated with gonadal T deprivation. The sex steroids that drive prostate cancer and breast cancer require a common set of enzymes for their generation. However, the pathways diverge once 3-keto, Δ4-androgens are generated and these steroids are either turned into potent androgens by steroid-5α-reductase, or into estrogens by aromatase. Alternative steroid receptors have also emerged as disease- and treatment-resistance modifiers, including a role for AR in breast cancer and glucocorticoid receptor both in breast and prostate cancer. In this review, we integrate the commonalities of adrenal steroid physiology that regulate both prostate and breast cancer while recognizing the clear distinctions between these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Michael
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
| | - Gustavo Roversi
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
| | - Kristy Brown
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Nima Sharifi
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA
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7
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Duan J, Liu C, Yi J, Wang Y. Shared sex hormone metabolism-related gene prognostic index between breast and endometrial cancers. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1126862. [PMID: 36742386 PMCID: PMC9895087 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1126862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS As sex hormone-dependent tumors, it remains to be clarified whether there is a common genetic signature and its value between breast and endometrial cancers. The aim of this study was to establish the shared sex hormone metabolism-related gene prognostic index (SHMRGPI) between breast and endometrial cancers and to analyze its potential role in the therapeutic and prognostic assessment of endometrial cancers. METHODS Using transcriptome data from TCGA, tumor-associated gene modules were identified by weighted gene co-expression network analysis, and the intersection of module genes with female sex hormone synthesis and metabolism genes was defined as sex hormone metabolism-related gene. SHMRGPI was established by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and Cox regression. Its prognostic value of patients with endometrial cancer was validated, and a nomogram was constructed. We further investigated the relationship between SHMRGPI groups and clinicopathological features, immune infiltration, tumor mutation burden, and drug sensitivity. RESULTS A total of 8 sex hormone metabolism-related gene were identified as key genes for the construction of prognostic models. Based on SHMRGPI, endometrial cancer patients were divided into high and low SHMRGPI groups. Patients in the low SHMRGPI group had longer overall survival (OS) compared with the high group (P< 0.05). Furthermore, we revealed significant differences between SHMRGPI groups as regards tumor immune cell infiltration, somatic mutation, microsatellite instability and drug sensitivity. Patients with low SHMRGPI may be the beneficiaries of immunotherapy and targeted therapy. CONCLUSIONS The SHMRGPI established in this study has prognostic power and may be used to screen patients with endometrial cancer who may benefit from immunotherapy or targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Duan
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chenan Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahong Yi
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The 985th Hospital of The People’s Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Yun Wang,
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8
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Hardaway AL, Goudarzi M, Berk M, Chung YM, Zhang R, Li J, Klein E, Sharifi N. 5-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid Controls Androgen Reduction in Diverse Types of Human Epithelial Cells. Endocrinology 2022; 164:bqac191. [PMID: 36412122 PMCID: PMC9923800 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Androgens regulate broad physiologic and pathologic processes, including external genitalia development, prostate cancer progression, and anti-inflammatory effects in both cancer and asthma. In prostate cancer, several lines of evidence have implicated dietary and endogenous fatty acids in cell invasion, angiogenesis, and treatment resistance. However, the role of fatty acids in steroidogenesis and the mechanisms by which alterations in this pathway occur are not well understood. Here, we show that, of a panel of fatty acids tested, arachidonic acid and its specific metabolite 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) regulate androgen metabolism. Arachidonic acid is metabolized to 5-HETE and reduces androgens by inducing aldo-keto reductase (AKR) family members AKR1C2 and AKR1C3 expression in human prostate, breast, and lung epithelial cells. Finally, we provide evidence that these effects require the expression of the antioxidant response sensor, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Our findings identify an interconnection between conventional fatty acid metabolism and steroid metabolism that has broad relevance to androgen physiology and inflammatory regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimalie L Hardaway
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Maryam Goudarzi
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Michael Berk
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Yoon-Mi Chung
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Renliang Zhang
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Jianneng Li
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Eric Klein
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Nima Sharifi
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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9
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McManus JM, Vargas R, Bazeley PS, Schumacher FR, Sharifi N. Association Between Adrenal-Restrictive HSD3B1 Inheritance and Hormone-Independent Subtypes of Endometrial and Breast Cancer. JNCI Cancer Spectr 2022; 6:pkac061. [PMID: 35947687 PMCID: PMC9475354 DOI: 10.1093/jncics/pkac061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The germline variant rs1047303 (HSD3B1[1245A/C]), restricting or enabling production of potent androgens and estrogens from adrenal precursors, affects outcomes of castration-resistant prostate cancer and is associated with estrogen receptor positivity in postmenopausal breast cancer. Like breast cancer, endometrial cancer is another malignancy with hormone-dependent and hormone-independent subtypes. We hypothesized that adrenal-restrictive HSD3B1 genotype would associate with hormone-independent cancer subtypes. METHODS We employed a previously described classification of tumors in The Cancer Genome Atlas into genomic clusters. We determined HSD3B1 genotype frequencies by endometrial cancer genomic cluster and calculated the odds per adrenal-restrictive A allele for the largely hormone-independent copy-number (CN) high subtype vs other subtypes. An equivalent analysis was performed for the genomically similar, hormone-independent basal breast cancer subtype. Last, we performed survival analyses for UK Biobank participants with endometrial cancer by HSD3B1 genotype. All statistical tests were 2-sided. RESULTS The adrenal-restrictive HSD3B1(1245A) allele was associated with the CN-high endometrial cancer subtype (odds ratio [OR] = 1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.14 to 2.32; P = .007). Similarly, HSD3B1(1245A) was associated with the basal breast cancer subtype (OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.13 to 2.08; P = .006). In the UK Biobank, endometrial cancer patients homozygous for HSD3B1(1245A) had worse overall (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.16 to 1.68; P < .001) and cancer-specific (HR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.14 to 1.70; P = .001) survival, consistent with the A allele being enriched in the more aggressive CN-high subtype. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest roles for adrenal-restrictive vs adrenal-permissive steroidogenesis, by way of rs1047303 genotype, in the development of and/or outcomes from at least 3 commonly hormone-associated types of cancer: prostate, breast, and endometrial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M McManus
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Roberto Vargas
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women’s Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Peter S Bazeley
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Fredrick R Schumacher
- Department of Population Health and Quantitative Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nima Sharifi
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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10
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Qin L, Chung YM, Berk M, Naelitz B, Zhu Z, Klein E, Chakraborty AA, Sharifi N. Hypoxia-Reoxygenation Couples 3βHSD1 Enzyme and Cofactor Upregulation to Facilitate Androgen Biosynthesis and Hormone Therapy Resistance in Prostate Cancer. Cancer Res 2022; 82:2417-2430. [PMID: 35536859 PMCID: PMC9256813 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-4256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy suppresses tumor androgen receptor (AR) signaling by depleting circulating testosterone and is a mainstay treatment for advanced prostate cancer. Despite initial treatment response, castration-resistant prostate cancer nearly always develops and remains driven primarily by the androgen axis. Here we investigated how changes in oxygenation affect androgen synthesis. In prostate cancer cells, chronic hypoxia coupled to reoxygenation resulted in efficient metabolism of androgen precursors to produce androgens and activate AR. Hypoxia induced 3βHSD1, the rate-limiting androgen synthesis regulator, and reoxygenation replenished necessary cofactors, suggesting that hypoxia and reoxygenation both facilitate potent androgen synthesis. The EGLN1/VHL/HIF2α pathway induced 3βHSD1 expression through direct binding of HIF2α to the 5' regulatory region of HSD3B1 to promote transcription. Overexpression of HIF2α facilitated prostate cancer progression, which largely depended on 3βHSD1. Inhibition of HIF2α with the small-molecule PT2399 prevented prostate cancer cell proliferation. These results thus identify HIF2α as a regulator of androgen synthesis and potential therapeutic target in prostate cancer. SIGNIFICANCE Hypoxia followed by reoxygenation in prostate cancer drives androgen deprivation therapy resistance via increasing the rate-limiting enzyme and cofactors for androgen synthesis, revealing HIF2α as a therapeutic target to subvert resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Qin
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Yoon-Mi Chung
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Michael Berk
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Bryan Naelitz
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Ziqi Zhu
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Eric Klein
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Abhishek A. Chakraborty
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Nima Sharifi
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Corresponding author: Nima Sharifi, Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, Telephone: 216 445-9750,
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11
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Flanagan MR, Doody DR, Voutsinas J, Wu Q, Banda K, Sharifi N, Li CI, Gadi VK. Association of HSD3B1 Genotype and Clinical Outcomes in Postmenopausal Estrogen-Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2022; 29:7194-7201. [PMID: 35776258 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-12088-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Homozygous inheritance of a single-nucleotide polymorphism (1245A > C) in HSD3B1 results in an adrenal permissive phenotype of increased adrenal steroid precursor conversion to potent androgens. This is associated with poor outcomes in prostate cancer. We hypothesized that inheritance of the HSD3B1 adrenal permissive genotype would similarly negatively impact breast cancer outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS Germline HSD3B1 was sequenced in 644 postmenopausal women diagnosed between 2004 and 2015 with stage I-III estrogen receptor-positive (ER+), HER2/neu-negative (HER2-) breast cancer enrolled in a population-based study in western Washington. Primary endpoint was distant metastatic recurrence according to genotype. Secondary endpoint was breast cancer-specific survival. Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using cause-specific Cox regression accounting for competing risks. RESULTS Adrenal restrictive genotype (homozygous wild type) was most prevalent (47%), followed by heterozygous (44%) and adrenal permissive (9%). There were no significant differences comparing demographic, tumor, or treatment characteristics apart from higher frequency of adrenal permissive genotype among non-Hispanic white participants (p = 0.04). After accounting for competing risks, the cumulative incidence of distant metastatic recurrence (15 events) was significantly higher among participants with adrenal permissive compared with the adrenal restrictive genotype (HR 4.9, 95% CI 1.32-18.4, p = 0.02). The adrenal permissive genotype was also predictive of breast cancer-specific mortality (HR 3.5, 95% CI 1.27-9.59, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Inheritance of the HSD3B1 adrenal permissive genotype is associated with increased incidence of distant metastasis and higher cause-specific mortality in postmenopausal ER+/HER2- breast cancer. Further research is necessary to understand the effect of excess adrenal androgen metabolism in promoting breast cancer growth and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan R Flanagan
- Breast Section, Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. .,Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - David R Doody
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jenna Voutsinas
- Clinical Biostatistics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Qian Wu
- Clinical Biostatistics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kalyan Banda
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nima Sharifi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, GU Malignancies Research Center, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Christopher I Li
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Vijayakrishna K Gadi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Translational Oncology Program, University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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12
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McManus JM, Sabharwal N, Bazeley P, Sharifi N. Inheritance of a common androgen synthesis variant allele is associated with female COVID susceptibility in UK Biobank. Eur J Endocrinol 2022; 187:1-14. [PMID: 35521709 PMCID: PMC9106901 DOI: 10.1530/eje-21-0996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Context A sex discordance in COVID exists, with males disproportionately affected. Although sex steroids may play a role in this discordance, no definitive genetic data exist to support androgen-mediated immune suppression neither for viral susceptibility nor for adrenally produced androgens. Objective The common adrenal-permissive missense-encoding variant HSD3B1(1245C) that enables androgen synthesis from adrenal precursors and that has been linked to suppression of inflammation in severe asthma was investigated in COVID susceptibility and outcomes reported in the UK Biobank. Methods The UK Biobank is a long-term study with detailed medical information and health outcomes for over 500 000 genotyped individuals. We obtained COVID test results, inpatient hospital records, and death records and tested for associations between COVID susceptibility or outcomes and HSD3B1(1245A/C) genotype. Primary analyses were performed on the UK Biobank Caucasian cohort. The outcomes were identification as a COVID case among all subjects, COVID positivity among COVID-tested subjects, and mortality among subjects identified as COVID cases. Results Adrenal-permissive HSD3B1(1245C) genotype was associated with identification as a COVID case (odds ratio (OR): 1.11 per C allele, 95% CI: 1.04-1.18, P = 0.0013) and COVID-test positivity (OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02-1.17, P = 0.011) in older (≥70 years of age) women. In women identified as COVID cases, there was a positive linear relationship between age and 1245C allele frequency (P < 0.0001). No associations were found between genotype and mortality or between genotype and circulating sex hormone levels. Conclusion Our study suggests that a common androgen synthesis variant regulates immune susceptibility to COVID infection in women, with increasingly strong effects as women age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M. McManus
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Navin Sabharwal
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Peter Bazeley
- Center for Clinical Genomics, Genomics Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nima Sharifi
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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13
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Zhelavskyi MM, Kernychnyi SP, Dmytriv OY, Betlinska TV. Cellular aging and immunity. UKRAINIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY AND AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.32718/ujvas5-1.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Science is constantly evolving and updated with current data on cell biology. The cellular aging phenomenon should be considered an evolutionary mechanism of the biological regulation of all living organisms. Factors initiating cellular aging are variable. Each cell type can respond differently to the activation factors of cellular aging. In recent decades, science has been supplemented with new data that provide a deeper understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms of cellular aging and the formation of immune homeostasis. There is a real prospect of using effective means of its regulation. In recent years, scientists have come close to discovering the mechanisms of cellular aging. Factors and mechanisms of cell regeneration are more deeply revealed. Scientists are also better aware of the phylogeny and ontogenesis of immune processes and the role of immune factors in developing pathologies. Researchers are increasingly focusing on modern diagnostic methods and xenotherapy. However, the specific factors of immunoregulation and the interaction of microphages, macrophages, and lymphocytes with other body cells are not yet fully understood. Accordingly, this requires further in-depth study. This review reviews the current literature on cellular aging and its regulatory mechanisms. The authors also present the results of their research on the mechanisms of immune responses in reproductive pathology. They draw parallels with modern scientific theories and interpret research. We will also focus on the issues that need to be addressed in the near future for the progressive development of this field of science. Thus, the study of the mechanisms of cellular aging and the development of effective means of hay therapy today requires further painstaking work. Despite significant advances in preclinical studies, many questions remain about the practical use of the drugs. This is especially true in the medicine of oncology, neurology, and cardiology. Nevertheless, scientists will be able to use pharmacological agents to influence cell division, differentiation, and determination in the future. We also hope to have developed effective means of immunotherapy of diseases. The molecular mechanisms of cell aging and mediators involved in the mechanisms of cell aging and death are being studied in detail. The field of research contains countless fascinating studies that are sure to be discovered.
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