1
|
Gong T, Liu YT, Fan J. Exosomal mediators in sepsis and inflammatory organ injury: unraveling the role of exosomes in intercellular crosstalk and organ dysfunction. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:24. [PMID: 38644472 PMCID: PMC11034107 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00527-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, a severe systemic inflammatory response to infection, remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Exosomes, as mediators of intercellular communication, play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of sepsis through modulating immune responses, metabolic reprogramming, coagulopathy, and organ dysfunction. This review highlights the emerging significance of exosomes in these processes. Initially, it provides an in-depth insight into exosome biogenesis and characterization, laying the groundwork for understanding their diverse and intricate functions. Subsequently, it explores the regulatory roles of exosomes in various immune cells such as neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, and B cells. This analysis elucidates how exosomes are pivotal in modulating immune responses, thus contributing to the complexity of sepsis pathophysiology. Additionally, this review delves into the role of exosomes in the regulation of metabolism and subsequent organ dysfunction in sepsis. It also establishes a connection between exosomes and the coagulation cascade, which affects endothelial integrity and promotes thrombogenesis in sepsis. Moreover, the review discusses the dual role of exosomes in the progression and resolution of sepsis, exploring their complex involvement in inflammation and healing processes. Furthermore, it underscores their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Understanding these mechanisms presents new opportunities for novel interventions to mitigate the severe outcomes of sepsis, emphasizing the therapeutic promise of exosome research in critical care settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Gong
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, 518110, China.
| | - You-Tan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, 518110, China
| | - Jie Fan
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, 15240, USA.
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jha A, Larkin J, Moore E. SOCS1-KIR Peptide in PEGDA Hydrogels Reduces Pro-Inflammatory Macrophage Activation. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300237. [PMID: 37337867 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages modulate the wound healing cascade by adopting different phenotypes such as pro-inflammatory (M1) or pro-wound healing (M2). To reduce M1 activation, the JAK/STAT pathway can be targeted by using suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS1) proteins. Recently a peptide mimicking the kinase inhibitory region (KIR) of SOCS1 has been utilized to manipulate the adaptive immune response. However, the utilization of SOCS1-KIR to reduce pro-inflammatory phenotype in macrophages is yet to be investigated in a biomaterial formulation. This study introduces a PEGDA hydrogel platform to investigate SOCS1-KIR as a macrophage phenotype manipulating peptide. Immunocytochemistry, cytokine secretion assays, and gene expression analysis for pro-inflammatory macrophage markers in 2D and 3D experiments demonstrate a reduction in M1 activation due to SOCS1-KIR treatment. The retention of SOCS1-KIR in the hydrogel through release assays and diffusion tests is demonstrated. The swelling ratio of the hydrogel also remains unaffected with the entrapment of SOCS1-KIR. This study elucidates how SOCS1-KIR peptide in PEGDA hydrogels can be utilized as an effective therapeutic for macrophage manipulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aakanksha Jha
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Joseph Larkin
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32603, USA
| | - Erika Moore
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, A. James Clark School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu T, Wen Z, Shao L, Cui Y, Tang X, Miao H, Shi J, Jiang L, Feng S, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Liang Q, Chen D, Zhang Y, Wang C. ATF4 knockdown in macrophage impairs glycolysis and mediates immune tolerance by targeting HK2 and HIF-1α ubiquitination in sepsis. Clin Immunol 2023; 254:109698. [PMID: 37481013 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Strengthened glycolysis is crucial for the macrophage pro-inflammatory response during sepsis. Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) plays an important role in regulating glucose and lipid metabolic homeostasis in hepatocytes and adipocytes. However, its immunometabolic role in macrophage during sepsis remains largely unknown. In the present study, we found that the expression of ATF4 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was increased and associated with glucose metabolism in septic patients. Atf4 knockdown specifically decreased LPS-induced spleen macrophages and serum pro-inflammatory cytokines levels in mice. Moreover, Atf4 knockdown partially blocked LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines, lactate accumulation and glycolytic capacity in RAW264.7. Mechanically, ATF4 binds to the promoter region of hexokinase II (HK2), and interacts with hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and stabilizes HIF-1α through ubiquitination modification in response to LPS. Furthermore, ATF4-HIF-1α-HK2-glycolysis axis launches pro-inflammatory response in macrophage depending on the activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Importantly, Atf4 overexpression improves the decreased level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lactate secretion and HK2 expression in LPS-induced tolerant macrophages. In conclusion, we propose a novel function of ATF4 as a crucial glycolytic activator contributing to pro-inflammatory response and improving immune tolerant in macrophage involved in sepsis. So, ATF4 could be a potential new target for immunotherapy of sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062 Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Critical Care Translational Medicine, Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062 Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenliang Wen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China
| | - Lujing Shao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062 Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Critical Care Translational Medicine, Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062 Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Cui
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062 Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Critical Care Translational Medicine, Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062 Shanghai, China; Institute of Pediatric Critical Care, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomeng Tang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062 Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Critical Care Translational Medicine, Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062 Shanghai, China
| | - Huijie Miao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062 Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Critical Care Translational Medicine, Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062 Shanghai, China; Institute of Pediatric Critical Care, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Shi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062 Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Critical Care Translational Medicine, Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062 Shanghai, China; Institute of Pediatric Critical Care, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200062, Shanghai, China
| | - Linlin Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Shuyun Feng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062 Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Critical Care Translational Medicine, Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062 Shanghai, China
| | - Yilin Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062 Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Critical Care Translational Medicine, Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062 Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Qiming Liang
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dechang Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China..
| | - Yucai Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062 Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Critical Care Translational Medicine, Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062 Shanghai, China; Institute of Pediatric Critical Care, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200062, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chunxia Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062 Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Critical Care Translational Medicine, Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200062 Shanghai, China; Institute of Pediatric Critical Care, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200062, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yuan Z, Huang Y, Sadikot RT. Long Noncoding RNA Metastasis-Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 Promotes HIV-1 Replication through Modulating microRNAs in Macrophages. J Virol 2023; 97:e0005323. [PMID: 37255470 PMCID: PMC10308927 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00053-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages can serve as a reservoir for human immunodeficiency-1 (HIV-1) virus in host cells, constituting a barrier to eradication, even in patients who are receiving antiretroviral therapy. Although many noncoding RNAs have been characterized as regulators in HIV-1/AIDS-induced immune response and pathogenesis, only a few long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have demonstrated a close association with HIV-1 replication, and the molecular mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we investigated how lncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), related microRNAs, and key inflammatory genes alter HIV-1 replication in macrophages. Our data show that HIV-1 infection modulates the expression of miR-155 and miR-150-5p in a time-dependent manner, which is regulated by MALAT1. MALAT1 induced suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) expression by sponging miR-150-5p in HIV-1-infected macrophages and stimulated inflammatory mediators triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells/cold inducible RNA binding protein (TREM 1/CIRP) ligand/receptor. The RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay validated the direct interaction within the MALAT1/miR-150-5p/SOCS1 axis. HIV-1 infection-mediated upregulation of MALAT1, SOCS1, and HIV-1 Gag was attenuated by SN50 (an NF-кB p50 inhibitor). MALAT1 antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) suppressed HIV-1 p24 production and HIV-1 Gag gene expression and decreased expression of miR-155 and SOCS1, as well as the production of proinflammatory cytokines by HIV-1-infected macrophages. In conclusion, HIV-1 infection induces MALAT1, which attenuates miR-150-5p expression and increases SOCS1 expression, promoting HIV-1 replication and reactivation. These data provide new insights into how MALAT1 alters the macrophage microenvironment and subsequently promotes viral replication and suggest a potential role for targeting MALAT1 as a therapeutic approach to eliminate HIV-1 reservoirs. IMPORTANCE Viral reservoirs constitute an obstacle to curing HIV-1 diseases, despite antiretroviral therapy. Macrophages serve as viral reservoirs in HIV infection by promoting long-term replication and latency. Recent studies have shown that lncRNAs can modulate virus-host interactions, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we demonstrate how lncRNA MALAT1 contributes to HIV-1 replication through modulation of the miR-150/SOCS1 axis in human macrophages. Our findings have the potential to identify new therapies for eliminating HIV-1 reservoirs in immune cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Yuan
- VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, University of 0Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Yunlong Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Ruxana T. Sadikot
- VA Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, University of 0Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jing Z, Zhang H, Wen Y, Cui S, Ren Y, Liu R, Duan S, Zhao W, Fan L. Epigenetic and transcriptomic alterations in the ClC-3-deficient mice consuming a normal diet. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1196684. [PMID: 37287451 PMCID: PMC10242048 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1196684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Metabolic disorders are an important health concern that threatens life and burdens society severely. ClC-3 is a member of the chloride voltage-gated channel family, and ClC-3 deletion improved the phenotypes of dysglycemic metabolism and the impairment of insulin sensitivity. However, the effects of a healthy diet on transcriptome and epigenetics in ClC-3-/- mice were not explained in detail. Methods: Here, we performed transcriptome sequencing and Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing for the liver of 3 weeks old WT and ClC-3-/- mice consuming a normal diet to insight into the epigenetic and transcriptomic alterations of ClC-3 deficient mice. Results: In the present study, we found that ClC-3-/- mice that were younger than 8 weeks old had smaller bodies compared to ClC-3+/+ mice with ad libitum self-feeding normal diet, and ClC-3-/- mice that were older than 10 weeks old had a similar body weight. Except for the spleen, lung, and kidney, the average weight of the heart, liver, and brain in ClC-3-/- mice was lower than that in ClC-3+/+ mice. TG, TC, HDL, and LDL in fasting ClC-3-/- mice were not significantly different from those in ClC-3+/+ mice. Fasting blood glucose in ClC-3-/- mice was lower than that in ClC-3+/+ mice; the glucose tolerance test indicated the response to blood glucose increasing for ClC-3-/- mice was torpid, but the efficiency of lowering blood glucose was much higher once started. Transcriptomic sequencing and reduced representation bisulfite sequencing for the liver of unweaned mice indicated that ClC-3 deletion significantly changed transcriptional expression and DNA methylation levels of glucose metabolism-related genes. A total of 92 genes were intersected between DEGs and DMRs-targeted genes, of which Nos3, Pik3r1, Socs1, and Acly were gathered in type II diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance, and metabolic pathways. Moreover, Pik3r1 and Acly expressions were obviously correlated with DNA methylation levels, not Nos3 and Socs1. However, the transcriptional levels of these four genes were not different between ClC-3-/- and ClC-3+/+ mice at the age of 12 weeks. Discussion: ClC-3 influenced the methylated modification to regulate glucose metabolism, of which the gene expressions could be driven to change again by a personalized diet-style intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghui Jing
- Department of Pathology of Basic Medicine College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Pathology of Basic Medicine College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yunjie Wen
- Guangzhou Huayin Medical Laboratory Center Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiyu Cui
- Department of Pathology of Basic Medicine College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuhua Ren
- Department of Pathology of Basic Medicine College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Pathology of Basic Medicine College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sirui Duan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenbao Zhao
- Department of Pathology of Basic Medicine College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lihong Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu W, Liu T, Zheng Y, Xia Z. Metabolic Reprogramming and Its Regulatory Mechanism in Sepsis-Mediated Inflammation. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:1195-1207. [PMID: 36968575 PMCID: PMC10038208 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s403778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory disease caused by an infection that can lead to multiple organ failure. Sepsis alters energy metabolism, leading to metabolic reprogramming of immune cells, which consequently disrupts innate and adaptive immune responses, triggering hyperinflammation and immunosuppression. This review summarizes metabolic reprogramming and its regulatory mechanism in sepsis-induced hyperinflammation and immunosuppression, highlights the significance and intricacies of immune cell metabolic reprogramming, and emphasizes the pivotal role of mitochondria in metabolic regulation and treatment of sepsis. This review provides an up-to-date overview of the relevant literature to inform future research directions in understanding the regulation of sepsis immunometabolism. Metabolic reprogramming has great promise as a new target for sepsis treatment in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhang Liu
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Zheng
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yongjun Zheng; Zhaofan Xia, Email ;
| | - Zhaofan Xia
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
- Research Unit of Key Techniques for Treatment of burns and Combined Burns and Trauma Injury, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Azithromycin promotes relapse by disrupting immune and metabolic networks after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Blood 2022; 140:2500-2513. [PMID: 35984904 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022016926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Administration of azithromycin after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for hematologic malignancies has been associated with relapse in a randomized phase 3 controlled clinical trial. Studying 240 samples from patients randomized in this trial is a unique opportunity to better understand the mechanisms underlying relapse, the first cause of mortality after transplantation. We used multi-omics on patients' samples to decipher immune alterations associated with azithromycin intake and post-transplantation relapsed malignancies. Azithromycin was associated with a network of altered energy metabolism pathways and immune subsets, including T cells biased toward immunomodulatory and exhausted profiles. In vitro, azithromycin exposure inhibited T-cell cytotoxicity against tumor cells and impaired T-cell metabolism through glycolysis inhibition, down-regulation of mitochondrial genes, and up-regulation of immunomodulatory genes, notably SOCS1. These results highlight that azithromycin directly affects immune cells that favor relapse, which raises caution about long-term use of azithromycin treatment in patients at high risk of malignancies. The ALLOZITHRO trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01959100.
Collapse
|
8
|
Costa JCD, Souza SSD, Val AL. Impact of high temperature, CO 2 and parasitic infection on inflammation, immunodepression and programmed cell death in Colossoma macropomum at the transcriptional level. Microb Pathog 2022; 172:105804. [PMID: 36179975 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The production of tambaqui Colossoma macropomum has recently reached a milestone, being considered the main native species produced in South American continental waters. Despite the importance of this fish, its immunity is poorly understood, and global warming could pose severe risks to its health as increasing water temperature leads to an increase in the incidence of parasitic diseases. In an experimental context based on the high-emission scenario of the 5th Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report, we evaluated the synergistic effect of exposure to the extreme climate change scenario (RCP8.5) during two exposure periods (7 and 30 days) and two levels of parasitism by monogeneans (low and high). The goal was to understand how the tambaqui immune system will react to this challenge. To achieve this goal, we analyzed the expression of nine immunity-related genes (jak3, stat3, il-10, socs1, casp1, il-1β, tp53, bcl2, and hif-1α) in the spleen. Our main findings showed downregulation in the jak3/stat3 pathway, genes related to the control of inflammation and apoptosis, in addition to upregulation of proinflammatory genes and those related to pyroptosis during the first 7 days of exposure to the extreme climate scenario, also indicating a stage of immunodepression in these animals. After 30 days of exposure, all genes tended to return to similar levels in the current scenario, possibly due to the decrease in parasite load caused by chronic exposure to the extreme scenario. Our data strongly suggest that the increase in parasitism intensity caused by the extreme climate change scenario is responsible for disturbances in the host's immune system. However, more studies are needed to clarify this poorly understood cascade of events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Custódio da Costa
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Conservation and Evolutionary Biology (PPG-GCBEv), Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution (LEEM), Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon (INPA), 69067-375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
| | - Samara Silva de Souza
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Conservation and Evolutionary Biology (PPG-GCBEv), Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution (LEEM), Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon (INPA), 69067-375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luis Val
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Conservation and Evolutionary Biology (PPG-GCBEv), Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution (LEEM), Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon (INPA), 69067-375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zheng Q, Wang D, Lin R, Lv Q, Wang W. IFI44 is an immune evasion biomarker for SARS-CoV-2 and Staphylococcus aureus infection in patients with RA. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1013322. [PMID: 36189314 PMCID: PMC9520788 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1013322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused a global pandemic of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common pathogenic bacteria in humans, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is among the most prevalent autoimmune conditions. RA is a significant risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 and S. aureus infections, although the mechanism of RA and SARS-CoV-2 infection in conjunction with S. aureus infection has not been elucidated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the biomarkers and disease targets between RA and SARS-CoV-2 and S. aureus infections using bioinformatics analysis, to search for the molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 and S. aureus immune escape and potential drug targets in the RA population, and to provide new directions for further analysis and targeted development of clinical treatments. Methods The RA dataset (GSE93272) and the S. aureus bacteremia (SAB) dataset (GSE33341) were used to obtain differentially expressed gene sets, respectively, and the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined through the intersection. Functional enrichment analysis utilizing GO, KEGG, and ClueGO methods. The PPI network was created utilizing the STRING database, and the top 10 hub genes were identified and further examined for functional enrichment using Metascape and GeneMANIA. The top 10 hub genes were intersected with the SARS-CoV-2 gene pool to identify five hub genes shared by RA, COVID-19, and SAB, and functional enrichment analysis was conducted using Metascape and GeneMANIA. Using the NetworkAnalyst platform, TF-hub gene and miRNA-hub gene networks were built for these five hub genes. The hub gene was verified utilizing GSE17755, GSE55235, and GSE13670, and its effectiveness was assessed utilizing ROC curves. CIBERSORT was applied to examine immune cell infiltration and the link between the hub gene and immune cells. Results A total of 199 DEGs were extracted from the GSE93272 and GSE33341 datasets. KEGG analysis of enrichment pathways were NLR signaling pathway, cell membrane DNA sensing pathway, oxidative phosphorylation, and viral infection. Positive/negative regulation of the immune system, regulation of the interferon-I (IFN-I; IFN-α/β) pathway, and associated pathways of the immunological response to viruses were enriched in GO and ClueGO analyses. PPI network and Cytoscape platform identified the top 10 hub genes: RSAD2, IFIT3, GBP1, RTP4, IFI44, OAS1, IFI44L, ISG15, HERC5, and IFIT5. The pathways are mainly enriched in response to viral and bacterial infection, IFN signaling, and 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3. IFI44, OAS1, IFI44L, ISG15, and HERC5 are the five hub genes shared by RA, COVID-19, and SAB. The pathways are primarily enriched for response to viral and bacterial infections. The TF-hub gene network and miRNA-hub gene network identified YY1 as a key TF and hsa-mir-1-3p and hsa-mir-146a-5p as two important miRNAs related to IFI44. IFI44 was identified as a hub gene by validating GSE17755, GSE55235, and GSE13670. Immune cell infiltration analysis showed a strong positive correlation between activated dendritic cells and IFI44 expression. Conclusions IFI144 was discovered as a shared biomarker and disease target for RA, COVID-19, and SAB by this study. IFI44 negatively regulates the IFN signaling pathway to promote viral replication and bacterial proliferation and is an important molecular target for SARS-CoV-2 and S. aureus immune escape in RA. Dendritic cells play an important role in this process. 1,25-Dihydroxy vitamin D3 may be an important therapeutic agent in treating RA with SARS-CoV-2 and S. aureus infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingcong Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
| | - Du Wang
- Arthritis Clinical and Research Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rongjie Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qi Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wanming Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, 900th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Su Y, Silva JD, Doherty D, Simpson DA, Weiss DJ, Rolandsson-Enes S, McAuley DF, O'Kane CM, Brazil DP, Krasnodembskaya AD. Mesenchymal stromal cells-derived extracellular vesicles reprogramme macrophages in ARDS models through the miR-181a-5p-PTEN-pSTAT5-SOCS1 axis. Thorax 2022; 78:617-630. [PMID: 35948417 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-218194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE A better understanding of the mechanism of action of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) is needed to support their use as novel therapies for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Macrophages are important mediators of ARDS inflammatory response. Suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) proteins are key regulators of the macrophage phenotype switch. We therefore investigated whether SOCS proteins are involved in mediation of the MSC effect on human macrophage reprogramming. METHODS Human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or plasma samples from patients with ARDS (these samples were previously classified into hypo-inflammatory and hyper-inflammatory phenotype) and treated with MSC conditioned medium (CM) or EVs. Protein expression was measured by Western blot. EV micro RNA (miRNA) content was determined by miRNA sequencing. In vivo: LPS-injured C57BL/6 mice were given EVs isolated from MSCs in which miR-181a had been silenced by miRNA inhibitor or overexpressed using miRNA mimic. RESULTS EVs were the key component of MSC CM responsible for anti-inflammatory modulation of human macrophages. EVs significantly reduced secretion of tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-8 by LPS-stimulated or ARDS plasma-stimulated MDMs and this was dependent on SOCS1. Transfer of miR-181a in EVs downregulated phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and subsequently activated phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (pSTAT5) leading to upregulation of SOCS1 in macrophages. In vivo, EVs alleviated lung injury and upregulated pSTAT5 and SOCS1 expression in alveolar macrophages in a miR181-dependent manner. Overexpression of miR-181a in MSCs significantly enhanced therapeutic efficacy of EVs in this model. CONCLUSION miR-181a-PTEN-pSTAT5-SOCS1 axis is a novel pathway responsible for immunomodulatory effect of MSC EVs in ARDS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Su
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Johnatas Dutra Silva
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Declan Doherty
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - David A Simpson
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Daniel J Weiss
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Sara Rolandsson-Enes
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Daniel F McAuley
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Cecilia M O'Kane
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Derek P Brazil
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Anna D Krasnodembskaya
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mitochondrial Sirt3 serves as a biomarker for sepsis diagnosis and mortality prediction. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10414. [PMID: 35729330 PMCID: PMC9213502 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14365-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine whether the levels of serum Sirt3 correlate with disease severity and perfusion indicators in septic patients, as well as to assess the clinical value of Sirt3 as a potential novel marker for sepsis diagnosis and mortality prediction. A total of 79 patients in the ICU were included in the study, of which 28 were postoperatively noninfectious and the remaining 51 patients were all diagnosed with sepsis during the study period. The levels of Sirt3 were detected and dynamically monitored by enzyme-linked adsorption method, Pearson or Spearman coefficient for correlation analysis between Sirt3 and clinical indicators, ROC curve for evaluation of diagnosis and mortality prediction, Kaplan-Meier method for the significance of Sirt3 in 28-day survival. The serum levels of Sirt3 were lower in the sepsis patients on day 1 (P < 0.0001), and the septic shock group had lower Sirt3 levels than the sepsis group (P = 0.013). Sirt3 had good negative correlations with SOFA scores both in sepsis and septic shock groups (Pearson: r2 = - 0.424, - 0.518; P = 0.011, 0.040), and Sirt3 correlated strongly with ScvO2 in the septic shock group (Pearson: r2 = - 0.679, P = 0.004) and with PCT in the sepsis group (Pearson: r2 = - 0.409, P = 0.015). Sirt3 not only performed well in identifying sepsis (AUC = 0.995, 95% CI 0.987-1, P < 0.0001) but also greatly enhanced lactate's specificity in detecting septic shock (from 91.43 to 94.29%). Patients in the low Sirt3 group had higher ScvO2, lactate, APACHE II score, SOFA score, longer ICU stays, and worse indicators of inflammation (TNF-α, IL-6) and infection (PCT) than those in the high Sirt3 group (P < 0.05). Additionally, Sirt3 can predict mortality of sepsis (AUC = 0.746, 95% CI 0.571-0.921, P = 0.022), patients with serum Sirt3 < 10.07 pg/ml have a lower 28-day survival (log-rank P = 0.008). Low serum levels of Sirt3 are significantly correlated with the disease severity. At the same time, Sirt3 increases the sensitivity of lactate to detect "cellular hypoxia" in septic shock. Sirt3 is a promising biomarker for the diagnosis of sepsis and predicting mortality risk in septic patients.
Collapse
|
12
|
Appiah MG, Park EJ, Akama Y, Nakamori Y, Kawamoto E, Gaowa A, Shimaoka M. Cellular and Exosomal Regulations of Sepsis-Induced Metabolic Alterations. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158295. [PMID: 34361061 PMCID: PMC8347112 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a sustained systemic inflammatory condition involving multiple organ failures caused by dysregulated immune response to infections. Sepsis induces substantial changes in energy demands at the cellular level leading to metabolic reprogramming in immune cells and stromal cells. Although sepsis-associated organ dysfunction and mortality have been partly attributed to the initial acute hyperinflammation and immunosuppression precipitated by a dysfunction in innate and adaptive immune responses, the late mortality due to metabolic dysfunction and immune paralysis currently represent the major problem in clinics. It is becoming increasingly recognized that intertissue and/or intercellular metabolic crosstalk via endocrine factors modulates maintenance of homeostasis, and pathological events in sepsis and other inflammatory diseases. Exosomes have emerged as a novel means of intercellular communication in the regulation of cellular metabolism, owing to their capacity to transfer bioactive payloads such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids to their target cells. Recent evidence demonstrates transfer of intact metabolic intermediates from cancer-associated fibroblasts via exosomes to modify metabolic signaling in recipient cells and promote cancer progression. Here, we review the metabolic regulation of endothelial cells and immune cells in sepsis and highlight the role of exosomes as mediators of cellular metabolic signaling in sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael G. Appiah
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu-City 514-8507, Mie, Japan; (M.G.A.); (Y.A.); (Y.N.); (E.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Eun Jeong Park
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu-City 514-8507, Mie, Japan; (M.G.A.); (Y.A.); (Y.N.); (E.K.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: (E.J.P.); (M.S.); Tel.: +81-59-231-6408 (E.J.P.); +81-59-231-5036 (M.S.)
| | - Yuichi Akama
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu-City 514-8507, Mie, Japan; (M.G.A.); (Y.A.); (Y.N.); (E.K.); (A.G.)
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu-City 514-8507, Mie, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakamori
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu-City 514-8507, Mie, Japan; (M.G.A.); (Y.A.); (Y.N.); (E.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Eiji Kawamoto
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu-City 514-8507, Mie, Japan; (M.G.A.); (Y.A.); (Y.N.); (E.K.); (A.G.)
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu-City 514-8507, Mie, Japan
| | - Arong Gaowa
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu-City 514-8507, Mie, Japan; (M.G.A.); (Y.A.); (Y.N.); (E.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Motomu Shimaoka
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu-City 514-8507, Mie, Japan; (M.G.A.); (Y.A.); (Y.N.); (E.K.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: (E.J.P.); (M.S.); Tel.: +81-59-231-6408 (E.J.P.); +81-59-231-5036 (M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
De Melo P, Pineros Alvarez AR, Ye X, Blackman A, Alves-Filho JC, Medeiros AI, Rathmell J, Pua H, Serezani CH. Macrophage-Derived MicroRNA-21 Drives Overwhelming Glycolytic and Inflammatory Response during Sepsis via Repression of the PGE 2/IL-10 Axis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 207:902-912. [PMID: 34301845 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid cells are critical for systemic inflammation, microbial control, and organ damage during sepsis. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that can dictate the outcome of sepsis. The role of myeloid-based expression of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in sepsis is inconclusive. In this study, we show that sepsis enhanced miR-21 expression in both peritoneal macrophages and neutrophils from septic C57BL/6J mice, and the deletion of miR-21 locus in myeloid cells (miR-21Δmyel mice) enhanced animal survival, decreased bacterial growth, decreased systemic inflammation, and decreased organ damage. Resistance to sepsis was associated with a reduction of aerobic glycolysis and increased levels of the anti-inflammatory mediators PGE2 and IL-10 in miR-21Δmyel in vivo and in vitro. Using blocking Abs and pharmacological tools, we discovered that increased survival and decreased systemic inflammation in septic miR-21Δmyel mice is dependent on PGE2/IL-10-mediated inhibition of glycolysis. Together, these findings demonstrate that expression of miR-21 in myeloid cells orchestrates the balance between anti-inflammatory mediators and metabolic reprogramming that drives cytokine storm during sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo De Melo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Xiang Ye
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Amondrea Blackman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Jose Carlos Alves-Filho
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandra I Medeiros
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jeffrey Rathmell
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.,Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; and.,Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Inflammation, and Immunity, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Heather Pua
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; and.,Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Inflammation, and Immunity, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - C Henrique Serezani
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; .,Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.,Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; and.,Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Inflammation, and Immunity, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Klopfenstein N, Brandt SL, Castellanos S, Gunzer M, Blackman A, Serezani CH. SOCS-1 inhibition of type I interferon restrains Staphylococcus aureus skin host defense. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009387. [PMID: 33690673 PMCID: PMC7984627 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin innate immune response to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) culminates in the formation of an abscess to prevent bacterial spread and tissue damage. Pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) dictate the balance between microbial control and injury. Therefore, intracellular brakes are of fundamental importance to tune the appropriate host defense while inducing resolution. The intracellular inhibitor suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS-1), a known JAK/STAT inhibitor, prevents the expression and actions of PRR adaptors and downstream effectors. Whether SOCS-1 is a molecular component of skin host defense remains to be determined. We hypothesized that SOCS-1 decreases type I interferon production and IFNAR-mediated antimicrobial effector functions, limiting the inflammatory response during skin infection. Our data show that MRSA skin infection enhances SOCS-1 expression, and both SOCS-1 inhibitor peptide-treated and myeloid-specific SOCS-1 deficient mice display decreased lesion size, bacterial loads, and increased abscess thickness when compared to wild-type mice treated with the scrambled peptide control. SOCS-1 deletion/inhibition increases phagocytosis and bacterial killing, dependent on nitric oxide release. SOCS-1 inhibition also increases the levels of type I and type II interferon levels in vivo. IFNAR deletion and antibody blockage abolished the beneficial effects of SOCS-1 inhibition in vivo. Notably, we unveiled that hyperglycemia triggers aberrant SOCS-1 expression that correlates with decreased overall IFN signatures in the infected skin. SOCS-1 inhibition restores skin host defense in the highly susceptible hyperglycemic mice. Overall, these data demonstrate a role for SOCS-1-mediated type I interferon actions in host defense and inflammation during MRSA skin infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Klopfenstein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Stephanie L Brandt
- Vanderbilt Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Sydney Castellanos
- Vanderbilt Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Matthias Gunzer
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse Essen, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS -e.V, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Amondrea Blackman
- Vanderbilt Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - C Henrique Serezani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Salina ACG, Brandt SL, Klopfenstein N, Blackman A, Bazzano JMR, Sá-Nunes A, Byers-Glosson N, Brodskyn C, Tavares NM, Da Silva IBS, Medeiros AI, Serezani CH. Leukotriene B 4 licenses inflammasome activation to enhance skin host defense. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:30619-30627. [PMID: 33184178 PMCID: PMC7720147 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2002732117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The initial production of inflammatory mediators dictates host defense as well as tissue injury. Inflammasome activation is a constituent of the inflammatory response by recognizing pathogen and host-derived products and eliciting the production of IL-1β and IL-18 in addition to inducing a type of inflammatory cell death termed "pyroptosis." Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) is a lipid mediator produced quickly (seconds to minutes) by phagocytes and induces chemotaxis, increases cytokine/chemokine production, and enhances antimicrobial effector functions. Whether LTB4 directly activates the inflammasome remains to be determined. Our data show that endogenously produced LTB4 is required for the expression of pro-IL-1β and enhances inflammasome assembly in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, LTB4-mediated Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) activation is required for inflammasome assembly in vivo as well for IL-1β-enhanced skin host defense. Together, these data unveil a new role for LTB4 in enhancing the expression and assembly of inflammasome components and suggest that while blocking LTB4 actions could be a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent inflammasome-mediated diseases, exogenous LTB4 can be used as an adjuvant to boost inflammasome-dependent host defense.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Guerta Salina
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Stephanie L Brandt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202-3082
| | - Nathan Klopfenstein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
- Vanderbilt Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Amondrea Blackman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | | | - Anderson Sá-Nunes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Nicole Byers-Glosson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202-3082
| | - Claudia Brodskyn
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador 40296-710, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alexandra I Medeiros
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo 14800-903, Brazil
| | - C Henrique Serezani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232;
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
- Vanderbilt Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ouyang H, Tan Y, Li Q, Xia F, Xiao X, Zheng S, Lu J, Zhong J, Hu Y. RETRACTED: MicroRNA-208-5p regulates myocardial injury of sepsis mice via targeting SOCS2-mediated NF-κB/HIF-1α pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 81:106204. [PMID: 32086130 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Concern was raised about the reliability of the Western blot results in Figures 6E and 7E, and suspected image duplications within Figures 1B, 4A and 5B, as detailed here: https://pubpeer.com/publications/782E18F3418A54CBE4DB7FFAA5735F; and here: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1r0MyIYpagBc58BRF9c3luWNlCX8VUvUuPyYYXzxWvgY/edit#gid=262337249. Additional suspected image duplications were detected in Figures 1C and 6A. Our analysis suggested these image anomalies represent either direct duplications of the entire image, or contain several repeated features between or within an image. The journal requested the corresponding author comment on these concerns and provide the raw data. The authors did not respond to this request and therefore the Editor-in-Chief decided to retract the article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haichun Ouyang
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Foshan 528300, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Tan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Fengfan Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Foshan 528300, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaochan Xiao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Sulin Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Foshan 528300, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianhua Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Foshan 528300, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiankai Zhong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yunzhao Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Foshan 528300, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bridgewood C, Sharif K, Sherlock J, Watad A, McGonagle D. Interleukin-23 pathway at the enthesis: The emerging story of enthesitis in spondyloarthropathy. Immunol Rev 2020; 294:27-47. [PMID: 31957051 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The inflammatory disorders collectively termed the seronegative spondyloarthropathies (SpA) include ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), reactive arthritis, the arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, the arthritis related to anterior uveitis, and finally, somewhat controversially Behcet's disease. All of these diseases are associated with SNPs in the IL-23R or the interleukin-23 (IL-23) cytokine itself and related downstream signaling JAK pathway genes and the interleukin-17 (IL-17) pathway. In rheumatoid arthritis, the target of the immune response is the synovium but the SpA disorders target the tendon, ligament, and joint capsule skeletal anchorage points that are termed entheses. The discovery that IL-23R-expressing cells were ensconced in healthy murine enthesis, and other extraskeletal anchorage points including the aortic root and the ciliary body of the eye and that systemic overexpression of IL-23 resulted in a severe experimental SpA, confirmed a fundamentally different immunobiology to rheumatoid arthritis. Recently, IL-23R-expressing myeloid cells and various innate and adaptive T cells that produce IL-17 family cytokines have also been described in the human enthesis. Blockade of IL-23 pathway with either anti-p40 or anti-p19 subunits has resulted in some spectacular therapeutic successes in psoriasis and PsA including improvement in enthesitis in the peripheral skeleton but has failed to demonstrate efficacy in AS that is largely a spinal polyenthesitis. Herein, we discuss the known biology of IL-23 at the human enthesis and highlight the remarkable emerging story of this unique skeletal tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Bridgewood
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Kassem Sharif
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Department of Medicine "B", Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jonathan Sherlock
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Abdulla Watad
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Department of Medicine "B", Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dennis McGonagle
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Chapel Allerton, Leeds Teaching Hospital Trust, Leeds, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
RM, a novel resveratrol derivative, attenuates inflammatory responses induced by lipopolysaccharide via selectively increasing the Tollip protein in macrophages: A partial mechanism with therapeutic potential in an inflammatory setting. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 78:106072. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
19
|
Mafanda EK, Kandhi R, Bobbala D, Khan MGM, Nandi M, Menendez A, Ramanathan S, Ilangumaran S. Essential role of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) in hepatocytes and macrophages in the regulation of liver fibrosis. Cytokine 2019; 124:154501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
20
|
Washburn ML, Wang Z, Walton AH, Goedegebuure SP, Figueroa DJ, Van Horn S, Grossman J, Remlinger K, Madsen H, Brown J, Srinivasan R, Wolf AI, Berger SB, Yi VN, Hawkins WG, Fields RC, Hotchkiss RS. T Cell- and Monocyte-Specific RNA-Sequencing Analysis in Septic and Nonseptic Critically Ill Patients and in Patients with Cancer. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2019; 203:1897-1908. [PMID: 31484735 PMCID: PMC6761013 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is characterized as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host immune response to infection. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the differential effect of sepsis on innate versus adaptive immunity, in humans, by examining RNA expression in specific immune cell subsets, including monocytes/macrophages and CD4 and CD8 T cells. A second aim was to determine immunosuppressive mechanisms operative in sepsis that might be amenable to immunotherapy. Finally, we examined RNA expression in peripheral cells from critically ill nonseptic patients and from cancer patients to compare the unique immune response in these disorders with that occurring in sepsis. Monocytes, CD4 T cells, and CD8 T cells from septic patients, critically ill nonseptic patients, patients with metastatic colon cancer, and healthy controls were analyzed by RNA sequencing. Sepsis induced a marked phenotypic shift toward downregulation of multiple immune response pathways in monocytes suggesting that impaired innate immunity may be fundamental to the immunosuppression that characterizes the disorder. In the sepsis cohort, there was a much more pronounced effect on gene transcription in CD4 T cells than in CD8 T cells. Potential mediators of sepsis-induced immunosuppression included Arg-1, SOCS-1, and SOCS-3, which were highly upregulated in multiple cell types. Multiple negative costimulatory molecules, including TIGIT, Lag-3, PD-1, and CTLA-4, were also highly upregulated in sepsis. Although cancer had much more profound effects on gene transcription in CD8 T cells, common immunosuppressive mechanisms were present in all disorders, suggesting that immunoadjuvant therapies that are effective in one disease may also be efficacious in the others.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Washburn
- Pharmaceuticals Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA 19426;
| | - Zhang Wang
- Pharmaceuticals Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA 19426
- Institute of Ecological Science, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Andrew H Walton
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - S Peter Goedegebuure
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Siteman Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110; and
| | - David J Figueroa
- Pharmaceuticals Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA 19426
| | - Stephanie Van Horn
- Pharmaceuticals Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA 19426
| | - Julie Grossman
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Katja Remlinger
- Pharmaceuticals Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA 19426
| | - Heather Madsen
- Pharmaceuticals Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA 19426
| | - James Brown
- Pharmaceuticals Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA 19426
| | - Roopa Srinivasan
- Pharmaceuticals Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA 19426
| | - Amaya I Wolf
- Pharmaceuticals Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA 19426
| | - Scott B Berger
- Pharmaceuticals Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA 19426
| | - Victoria N Yi
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - William G Hawkins
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Siteman Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110; and
| | - Ryan C Fields
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Siteman Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110; and
| | - Richard S Hotchkiss
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110;
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fitzpatrick SF. Immunometabolism and Sepsis: A Role for HIF? Front Mol Biosci 2019; 6:85. [PMID: 31555665 PMCID: PMC6742688 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2019.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming of innate immune cells occurs during both the hyperinflammatory and immunotolerant phases of sepsis. The hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) signaling pathway plays a vital role in regulating these metabolic changes. This review initially summarizes the HIF-driven changes in metabolic dynamics of innate immune cells in response to sepsis. The hyperinflammatory phase of sepsis is accompanied by a metabolic switch from oxidative phosphorylation to HIF-1α mediated glycolysis. Furthermore, HIF driven alterations in arginine metabolism also occur during this phase. This promotes sepsis pathophysiology and the development of clinical symptoms. These early metabolic changes are followed by a late immunotolerant phase, in which suppressed HIF signaling promotes a switch from aerobic glycolysis to fatty acid oxidation, with a subsequent anti-inflammatory response developing. Recently the molecular mechanisms controlling HIF activation during these early and late phases have begun to be elucidated. In the final part of this review the contribution of toll-like receptors, transcription factors, metabolic intermediates, kinases and reactive oxygen species, in governing the HIF-induced metabolic reprogramming of innate immune cells will be discussed. Importantly, understanding these regulatory mechanisms can lead to the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies targeting the HIF-dependent metabolic state of innate immune cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan F Fitzpatrick
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Qin Q, Xu X, Wang X, Wu H, Zhu H, Hou Y, Dai B, Liu X, Liu Y. Glutamate alleviates intestinal injury, maintains mTOR and suppresses TLR4 and NOD signaling pathways in weanling pigs challenged with lipopolysaccharide. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15124. [PMID: 30310102 PMCID: PMC6181909 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33345-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment aimed to explore whether glutamate (Glu) had beneficial effects on intestinal injury caused by Escherichia coli LPS challenge via regulating mTOR, TLRs, as well as NODs signaling pathways. Twenty-four piglets were allotted to 4 treatments including: (1) control group; (2) LPS group; (3) LPS + 1.0% Glu group; (4) LPS + 2.0% Glu group. Supplementation with Glu increased jejunal villus height/crypt depth ratio, ileal activities of lactase, maltase and sucrase, and RNA/DNA ratio and protein abundance of claudin-1 in jejunum and ileum. In addition, the piglets fed Glu diets had higher phosphorylated mTOR (Ser2448)/total mTOR ratio in jejunum and ileum. Moreover, Glu decreased TNF-α concentration in plasma. Supplementation with Glu also decreased mRNA abundance of jejunal TLR4, MyD88, IRAK1, TRAF6, NOD2 and increased mRNA abundance of ileal Tollip. These results indicate that Glu supplementation may be closely related to maintaining mTOR and inhibiting TLR4 and NOD signaling pathways, and concomitant improvement of intestinal integrity under an inflammatory condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Qin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, P. R. China
| | - Xiuying Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, P. R. China
| | - Huanting Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, P. R. China
| | - Huiling Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, P. R. China
| | - Yongqing Hou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, P. R. China
| | - Bing Dai
- Zhe Jiang Goshine Test Technologies Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 310030, P. R. China
| | - Xiuting Liu
- Zhe Jiang Goshine Test Technologies Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 310030, P. R. China
| | - Yulan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang S, Carriere J, Lin X, Xie N, Feng P. Interplay between Cellular Metabolism and Cytokine Responses during Viral Infection. Viruses 2018; 10:v10100521. [PMID: 30249998 PMCID: PMC6213852 DOI: 10.3390/v10100521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolism and immune responses are two fundamental biological processes that serve to protect hosts from viral infection. As obligate intracellular pathogens, viruses have evolved diverse strategies to activate metabolism, while inactivating immune responses to achieve maximal reproduction or persistence within their hosts. The two-way virus-host interaction with metabolism and immune responses choreograph cytokine production via reprogramming metabolism of infected cells/hosts. In return, cytokines can affect the metabolism of virus-infected and bystander cells to impede viral replication processes. This review aims to summarize our current understanding of the cross-talk between metabolic reprogramming and cytokine responses, and to highlight future potential research topics. Although the focus is placed on viral pathogens, relevant findings from other microbes are integrated to provide an overall picture, particularly when corresponding information on viral infection is lacking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhang
- Section of Infection and Immunity, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0641, USA.
| | - Jessica Carriere
- Section of Infection and Immunity, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0641, USA.
| | - Xiaoxi Lin
- Section of Infection and Immunity, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0641, USA.
| | - Na Xie
- Section of Infection and Immunity, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0641, USA.
| | - Pinghui Feng
- Section of Infection and Immunity, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0641, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Intestinal host defense outcome is dictated by PGE 2 production during efferocytosis of infected cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E8469-E8478. [PMID: 30127026 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1722016115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory responses are terminated by the clearance of dead cells, a process termed efferocytosis. A consequence of efferocytosis is the synthesis of the antiinflammatory mediators TGF-β, PGE2, and IL-10; however, the efferocytosis of infected cells favors Th17 responses by eliciting the synthesis of TGF-β, IL-6, and IL-23. Recently, we showed that the efferocytosis of apoptotic Escherichia coli-infected macrophages by dendritic cells triggers PGE2 production in addition to pro-Th17 cytokine expression. We therefore examined the role of PGE2 during Th17 differentiation and intestinal pathology. The efferocytosis of apoptotic E. coli-infected cells by dendritic cells promoted high levels of PGE2, which impaired IL-1R expression via the EP4-PKA pathway in T cells and consequently inhibited Th17 differentiation. The outcome of murine intestinal Citrobacter rodentium infection was dependent on the EP4 receptor. Infected mice treated with EP4 antagonist showed enhanced intestinal defense against C. rodentium compared with infected mice treated with vehicle control. Those results suggest that EP4 signaling during infectious colitis could be targeted as a way to enhance Th17 immunity and host defense.
Collapse
|
25
|
Godini R, Fallahi H, Ebrahimie E. Network analysis of inflammatory responses to sepsis by neutrophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201674. [PMID: 30086151 PMCID: PMC6080784 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome causing thousands of deaths yearly worldwide. Sepsis is a result of infection and could lead to systemic inflammatory responses and organ failures. Additionally, blood cells, as the main cells in the immune systems, could be also affected by sepsis. Here, we have used different network analysis approaches, including Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI), and gene regulatory network, to dissect system-level response to sepsis by the main white blood cells. Gene expression profiles of Neutrophils (NTs), Dendritic Cells (DCs), and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) that were exposed to septic plasma were obtained and analyzed using bioinformatics approaches. Individual gene expression matrices and the list of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were prepared and used to construct several networks. Consequently, key regulatory modules and hub genes were detected through network analysis and annotated through ontology analysis extracted from DAVID database. Our results showed that septic plasma affected the regulatory networks in NTs, PBMCs more than the network in DCs. Gene ontology of DEGs revealed that signal transduction and immune cells responses are the most important biological processes affected by sepsis. On the other hand, network analysis detected modules and hub genes in each cell types. It was found that pathways involved in immune cells, signal transduction, and apoptotic processes are among the most affected pathways in the responses to sepsis. Altogether, we have found several hub genes including ADORA3, CD83 CDKN1A, FFAR2, GNAQ, IL1B, LTB, MAPK14, SAMD9L, SOCS1, and STAT1, which might specifically respond to sepsis infection. In conclusion, our results uncovered the system-level responses of the main white blood cells to sepsis and identified several hub genes with potential applications for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Godini
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Razi University, Baq-e-Abrisham, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hossein Fallahi
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Razi University, Baq-e-Abrisham, Kermanshah, Iran
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Esmaeil Ebrahimie
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- School of Information Technology and Mathematical Sciences, Division of Information Technology, Engineering and the Environment, The University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Brandt SL, Klopfenstein N, Wang S, Winfree S, McCarthy BP, Territo PR, Miller L, Serezani CH. Macrophage-derived LTB4 promotes abscess formation and clearance of Staphylococcus aureus skin infection in mice. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007244. [PMID: 30102746 PMCID: PMC6107286 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The early events that shape the innate immune response to restrain pathogens during skin infections remain elusive. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection engages phagocyte chemotaxis, abscess formation, and microbial clearance. Upon infection, neutrophils and monocytes find a gradient of chemoattractants that influence both phagocyte direction and microbial clearance. The bioactive lipid leukotriene B4 (LTB4) is quickly (seconds to minutes) produced by 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) and signals through the G protein-coupled receptors LTB4R1 (BLT1) or BLT2 in phagocytes and structural cells. Although it is known that LTB4 enhances antimicrobial effector functions in vitro, whether prompt LTB4 production is required for bacterial clearance and development of an inflammatory milieu necessary for abscess formation to restrain pathogen dissemination is unknown. We found that LTB4 is produced in areas near the abscess and BLT1 deficient mice are unable to form an abscess, elicit neutrophil chemotaxis, generation of neutrophil and monocyte chemokines, as well as reactive oxygen species-dependent bacterial clearance. We also found that an ointment containing LTB4 synergizes with antibiotics to eliminate MRSA potently. Here, we uncovered a heretofore unknown role of macrophage-derived LTB4 in orchestrating the chemoattractant gradient required for abscess formation, while amplifying antimicrobial effector functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L. Brandt
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Nathan Klopfenstein
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Soujuan Wang
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Seth Winfree
- Indiana Center for Biological Microscopy, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Brian P. McCarthy
- Indiana Institute for Biomedical Imaging Sciences, Department of Radiology, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Paul R. Territo
- Indiana Institute for Biomedical Imaging Sciences, Department of Radiology, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Lloyd Miller
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - C. Henrique Serezani
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Li P, Fan W, Everaert N, Liu R, Li Q, Zheng M, Cui H, Zhao G, Wen J. Messenger RNA Sequencing and Pathway Analysis Provide Novel Insights Into the Susceptibility to Salmonella enteritidis Infection in Chickens. Front Genet 2018; 9:256. [PMID: 30061915 PMCID: PMC6055056 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enteritidis (SE) is a foodborne pathogen that negatively affects both animal and human health. Controlling poultry SE infection will have great practical significance for human public health, as poultry are considered to be important sources and carriers of the disease. In this study, the splenic transcriptomes of challenged-susceptible (S), challenged-resistant (R) and non-challenged (C) chicks (3-days old, specific-pathogen-free White Leghorn) were characterized in order to identify the immune-related gene markers and pathways. A total of 934 significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in comparisons among the C, R and S birds. First reported here, the DEGs involved in the Forkhead box O (FoxO) signaling pathway, especially FoxO3, were identified as potential markers for host resistance to SE infection. The challenged-susceptible birds exhibited strong activation of the FoxO signaling pathway, which may be a major defect causing immune cell apoptosis as part of SE-induced pathology; these S birds also showed weak activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-related genes, contrasting with strong splenic activation in the R birds. Interestingly, suppression of several pathways in the immune response against Salmonella, including cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and Jak-STAT, was only found in S birds and there was evidence of cross-talk among these pathways, perhaps contributing to susceptibility to Salmonella infection. These findings will help facilitate understanding resistance and susceptibility to SE infection in the earliest phases of the host immune response through Salmonella-induced pathways, provide new approaches to develop strategies for SE prevention and treatment, and may enhance innate resistance by genetic selection in animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium.,State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Wenlei Fan
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing, China
| | - Nadia Everaert
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Ranran Liu
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghe Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Maiqing Zheng
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huanxian Cui
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guiping Zhao
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wen
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Glycine Relieves Intestinal Injury by Maintaining mTOR Signaling and Suppressing AMPK, TLR4, and NOD Signaling in Weaned Piglets after Lipopolysaccharide Challenge. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071980. [PMID: 29986455 PMCID: PMC6073676 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to envaluate whether glycine could alleviate Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal injury by regulating intestinal epithelial energy status, protein synthesis, and inflammatory response via AMPK, mTOR, TLR4, and NOD signaling pathways. A total of 24 weanling piglets were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 treatments: (1) non-challenged control; (2) LPS-challenged control; (3) LPS + 1% glycine; (4) LPS + 2% glycine. After 28 days feeding, piglets were injected intraperitoneally with saline or LPS. The pigs were slaughtered and intestinal samples were collected at 4 h postinjection. The mRNA expression of key genes in these signaling pathways was measured by real-time PCR. The protein abundance was measured by Western blot analysis. Supplementation with glycine increased jejunal villus height/crypt depth ratio. Glycine also increased the jejunal and ileal protein content, RNA/DNA ratio, and jejunal protein/DNA ratio. The activities of citroyl synthetase in ileum, and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex in jejunum, were increased in the piglets fed diets supplemented with glycine. In addition, glycine decreased the jejunal and ileal phosphorylation of AMPKα, and increased ileal phosphorylation of mTOR. Furthermore, glycine downregulated the mRNA expression of key genes in inflammatory signaling. Meanwhile, glycine increased the mRNA expression of negative regulators of inflammatory signaling. These results indicate that glycine supplementation could improve energy status and protein synthesis by regulating AMPK and mTOR signaling pathways, and relieve inflammation by inhibiting of TLR4 and NOD signaling pathways to alleviate intestinal injury in LPS-challenged piglets.
Collapse
|
29
|
Kumar V. Targeting macrophage immunometabolism: Dawn in the darkness of sepsis. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 58:173-185. [PMID: 29625385 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is known since the time (470 BC) of great Greek physician, Hippocrates. Advancement in modern medicine and establishment of separate branches of medical science dealing with sepsis research have improved its outcome. However, mortality associated with sepsis still remains higher (25-30%) that further increases to 40-50% in the presence of septic shock. For example, sepsis-associated deaths account more in comparison to deaths-associated with myocardial-infarction and certain cancers (i.e. breast and colorectal cancer). However, it is now well established that profound activation of innate immune cells including macrophages play a very important role in the immunopathogenesis of sepsis. Macrophages are sentinel cells of the innate immune system with their location varying from peripheral blood to various target organs including lungs, liver, brain, kidneys, skin, testes, vascular endothelium etc. Thus, profound and dysregulated activation of these cells during sepsis can directly impact the outcome of sepsis. However, the emergence of the concept of immunometabolism as a major controller of immune response has raised a new hope for identifying new targets for immunomodulatory therapeutic approaches. Thus this present review starts with an introduction of sepsis as a major medical problem worldwide and signifies the role of dysregulated innate immune response including macrophages in its immunopathogenesis. Thereafter, subsequent sections describe changes in immunometabolic stage of macrophages (both M1 and M2) during sepsis. The article ends with the discussion of novel macrophage-specific therapeutic targets targeting their immunometabolism during sepsis and epigenetic regulation of macrophage immunometabolism and vice versa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Kumar
- Children's Health Queensland Clinical Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, Mater Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, ST Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4078, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, ST Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4078, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|