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Pedram K, Shon DJ, Tender GS, Mantuano NR, Northey JJ, Metcalf KJ, Wisnovsky SP, Riley NM, Forcina GC, Malaker SA, Kuo A, George BM, Miller CL, Casey KM, Vilches-Moure JG, Ferracane MJ, Weaver VM, Läubli H, Bertozzi CR. Design of a mucin-selective protease for targeted degradation of cancer-associated mucins. Nat Biotechnol 2024; 42:597-607. [PMID: 37537499 PMCID: PMC11018308 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-01840-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Targeted protein degradation is an emerging strategy for the elimination of classically undruggable proteins. Here, to expand the landscape of targetable substrates, we designed degraders that achieve substrate selectivity via recognition of a discrete peptide and glycan motif and achieve cell-type selectivity via antigen-driven cell-surface binding. We applied this approach to mucins, O-glycosylated proteins that drive cancer progression through biophysical and immunological mechanisms. Engineering of a bacterial mucin-selective protease yielded a variant for fusion to a cancer antigen-binding nanobody. The resulting conjugate selectively degraded mucins on cancer cells, promoted cell death in culture models of mucin-driven growth and survival, and reduced tumor growth in mouse models of breast cancer progression. This work establishes a blueprint for the development of biologics that degrade specific protein glycoforms on target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayvon Pedram
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - D Judy Shon
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gabrielle S Tender
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Natalia R Mantuano
- Cancer Immunotherapy Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Oncology, Department of Theragnostics, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jason J Northey
- Center for Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kevin J Metcalf
- Center for Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Simon P Wisnovsky
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nicholas M Riley
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Giovanni C Forcina
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Stacy A Malaker
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Angel Kuo
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Benson M George
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Research and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Caitlyn L Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kerriann M Casey
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Valerie M Weaver
- Center for Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, and Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Heinz Läubli
- Cancer Immunotherapy Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Oncology, Department of Theragnostics, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carolyn R Bertozzi
- Department of Chemistry and Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA, USA.
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2
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Haratake N, Ozawa H, Morimoto Y, Yamashita N, Daimon T, Bhattacharya A, Wang K, Nakashoji A, Isozaki H, Shimokawa M, Kikutake C, Suyama M, Hashinokuchi A, Takada K, Takenaka T, Yoshizumi T, Mitsudomi T, Hata AN, Kufe D. MUC1-C Is a Common Driver of Acquired Osimertinib Resistance in NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2024; 19:434-450. [PMID: 37924972 PMCID: PMC10939926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2023.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osimertinib is an irreversible EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic NSCLC harboring EGFR exon 19 deletions or L858R mutations. Patients treated with osimertinib invariably develop acquired resistance by mechanisms involving additional EGFR mutations, MET amplification, and other pathways. There is no known involvement of the oncogenic MUC1-C protein in acquired osimertinib resistance. METHODS H1975/EGFR (L858R/T790M) and patient-derived NSCLC cells with acquired osimertinib resistance were investigated for MUC1-C dependence in studies of EGFR pathway activation, clonogenicity, and self-renewal capacity. RESULTS We reveal that MUC1-C is up-regulated in H1975 osimertinib drug-tolerant persister cells and is necessary for activation of the EGFR pathway. H1975 cells selected for stable osimertinib resistance (H1975-OR) and MGH700-2D cells isolated from a patient with acquired osimertinib resistance are found to be dependent on MUC1-C for induction of (1) phospho (p)-EGFR, p-ERK, and p-AKT, (2) EMT, and (3) the resistant phenotype. We report that MUC1-C is also required for p-EGFR, p-ERK, and p-AKT activation and self-renewal capacity in acquired osimertinib-resistant (1) MET-amplified MGH170-1D #2 cells and (2) MGH121 Res#2/EGFR (T790M/C797S) cells. Importantly, targeting MUC1-C in these diverse models reverses osimertinib resistance. In support of these results, high MUC1 mRNA and MUC1-C protein expression is associated with a poor prognosis for patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLCs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that MUC1-C is a common effector of osimertinib resistance and is a potential target for the treatment of osimertinib-resistant NSCLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Haratake
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hiroki Ozawa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yoshihiro Morimoto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nami Yamashita
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tatsuaki Daimon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Atrayee Bhattacharya
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Keyi Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ayako Nakashoji
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hideko Isozaki
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mototsugu Shimokawa
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Chie Kikutake
- Division of Bioinformatics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mikita Suyama
- Division of Bioinformatics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Asato Hashinokuchi
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Tomoyoshi Takenaka
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Yoshizumi
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mitsudomi
- Department of Surgery, Kindai University Hospital, Osaka-Sayama, Japan
| | - Aaron N Hata
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Donald Kufe
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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3
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Lee K, Perry K, Xu M, Veillard I, Kumar R, Rao TD, Rueda BR, Spriggs DR, Yeku OO. Structural basis for antibody recognition of the proximal MUC16 ectodomain. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:41. [PMID: 38374055 PMCID: PMC10875768 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01373-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucin 16 (MUC16) overexpression is linked with cancer progression, metastasis, and therapy resistance in high grade serous ovarian cancer and other malignancies. The cleavage of MUC16 forms independent bimodular fragments, the shed tandem repeat sequence which circulates as a protein bearing the ovarian cancer biomarker (CA125) and a proximal membrane-bound component which is critical in MUC16 oncogenic behavior. A humanized, high affinity antibody targeting the proximal ectodomain represents a potential therapeutic agent against MUC16 with lower antigenic potential and restricted human tissue expression. RESULTS Here, we demonstrate the potential therapeutic versatility of the humanized antibody as a monoclonal antibody, antibody drug conjugate, and chimeric antigen receptor. We report the crystal structures of 4H11-scFv, derived from an antibody specifically targeting the MUC16 C-terminal region, alone and in complex with a 26-amino acid MUC16 segment resolved at 2.36 Å and 2.47 Å resolution, respectively. The scFv forms a robust interaction with an epitope consisting of two consecutive β-turns and a β-hairpin stabilized by 2 hydrogen bonds. The VH-VL interface within the 4H11-scFv is stabilized through an intricate network of 11 hydrogen bonds and a cation-π interaction. CONCLUSIONS Together, our studies offer insight into antibody-MUC16 ectodomain interaction and advance our ability to design agents with potentially improved therapeutic properties over anti-CA125 moiety antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwangkook Lee
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital-Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kay Perry
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Argonne National Laboratory, NE-CAT, Cornell University, Building 436E, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Mengyao Xu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Irva Veillard
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raj Kumar
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thapi Dharma Rao
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Bo R Rueda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - David R Spriggs
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital-Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oladapo O Yeku
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital-Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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4
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Chen X, Sandrine IK, Yang M, Tu J, Yuan X. MUC1 and MUC16: critical for immune modulation in cancer therapeutics. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1356913. [PMID: 38361923 PMCID: PMC10867145 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1356913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The Mucin (MUC) family, a range of highly glycosylated macromolecules, is ubiquitously expressed in mammalian epithelial cells. Such molecules are pivotal in establishing protective mucosal barriers, serving as defenses against pathogenic assaults. Intriguingly, the aberrant expression of specific MUC proteins, notably Mucin 1 (MUC1) and Mucin 16 (MUC16), within tumor cells, is intimately associated with oncogenesis, proliferation, and metastasis. This association involves various mechanisms, including cellular proliferation, viability, apoptosis resistance, chemotherapeutic resilience, metabolic shifts, and immune surveillance evasion. Due to their distinctive biological roles and structural features in oncology, MUC proteins have attracted considerable attention as prospective targets and biomarkers in cancer therapy. The current review offers an exhaustive exploration of the roles of MUC1 and MUC16 in the context of cancer biomarkers, elucidating their critical contributions to the mechanisms of cellular signal transduction, regulation of immune responses, and the modulation of the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, the article evaluates the latest advances in therapeutic strategies targeting these mucins, focusing on innovations in immunotherapies and targeted drugs, aiming to enhance customization and accuracy in cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jingyao Tu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xianglin Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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5
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Daimon T, Bhattacharya A, Wang K, Haratake N, Nakashoji A, Ozawa H, Morimoto Y, Yamashita N, Kosaka T, Oya M, Kufe DW. MUC1-C is a target of salinomycin in inducing ferroptosis of cancer stem cells. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:9. [PMID: 38182558 PMCID: PMC10770371 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01772-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The oncogenic MUC1-C transmembrane protein is a critical effector of the cancer stem cell (CSC) state. Addiction to MUC1-C for self-renewal in the progression of human cancers has emphasized the need for development of anti-MUC1-C agents. However, there are presently no approved small molecules for targeting MUC1-C-dependent CSCs. In screening for small molecules, we identified salinomycin (SAL), an inducer of ferroptosis, as a potent inhibitor of MUC1-C signaling. We demonstrate that SAL suppresses MUC1-C expression by disrupting a NF-κB/MUC1-C auto-inductive circuit that is necessary for ferroptosis resistance. Our results show that SAL-induced MUC1-C suppression downregulates a MUC1-C→MYC pathway that activates genes encoding (i) glutathione-disulfide reductase (GSR), and (ii) the LDL receptor related protein 8 (LRP8), which inhibit ferroptosis by generating GSH and regulating selenium levels, respectively. GSR and LRP8 contribute to the function of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), an essential negative regulator of ferroptotic cell death. We demonstrate that targeting MUC1-C genetically or with the GO-203 peptide inhibitor suppresses GPX4 expression and GPX activity in association with the induction of ferroptosis. Studies of CSCs enriched by serial passage as tumorspheres further demonstrate that the effects of SAL are mediated by downregulation of MUC1-C and thereby overcoming resistance to ferroptosis. As confirmation of these results, rescue of MUC1-C downregulation with the MUC1-C cytoplasmic domain (i) reversed the suppression of GSR, LRP8 and GPX4 expression, and (ii) attenuated the induction of ferroptosis. These findings identify SAL as a unique small molecule inhibitor of MUC1-C signaling and demonstrate that MUC1-C is an important effector of resistance to ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuaki Daimon
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Keyi Wang
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naoki Haratake
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ayako Nakashoji
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hiroki Ozawa
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Morimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kinan Hospital, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Nami Yamashita
- Breast Surgical Oncology, Breast Oncology Center, The Cancer Institute Hospital of the JFCR, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeo Kosaka
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mototsugu Oya
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Donald W Kufe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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6
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Long L, Huang X, Yu S, Fan J, Li X, Xu R, Zhang X, Huang H. The research status and prospects of MUC1 in immunology. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2172278. [PMID: 36744407 PMCID: PMC10012890 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2172278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In immune processes, molecular - molecular interactions are complex. As MUC1 often appears to be an important molecule in inflammation and tumor immunity, it is necessary to summarize the leading countries, authors, journals, and the cooperation among these entities and, most importantly, to determine the main research directions related to MUC1 in this field and the associated research frontiers. A total of 3,397 related studies published from 2012-2021 were retrieved from the Web of Science core database. The search strategy is TS= (MUC1 OR Mucin-1) refined by WEB OF SCIENCE CATEGORY (IMMUNOLOGY) AND [excluding] PUBLICATION YEARS: (2022) AND DOCUMENT TYPES: (ARTICLE OR REVIEW) AND LANGUAGES: (ENGLISH) AND WEB OF SCIENCE INDEX: (Web of Science Core Collection. SCI), with a timespan of 2012 to 2021. Documented bibliometric visual analysis was performed by CiteSpace and VOSviewer. The number of studies has increased every year. There are 1,982 articles and 1,415 reviews from 89 countries and regions, 3,722 organizations, 1,042 journals, and 17,948 authors. The United States, China, and Germany are the major countries producing publications on this issue. The most published author is Finn OJ and the most influential author is June CH. The key words "chimeric antigen receptor" and "T-cell" highlight the current hot spots and future trends in this field. Research on MUC1 in the field of immunology is still evolving. Through the bibliometric analysis of the existing publications, the current research hotspots and future development trends in this field can be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linna Long
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, ChangSha, China
| | - Xueying Huang
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, ChangSha, China
| | - Siying Yu
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, ChangSha, China
| | - Jiahui Fan
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, ChangSha, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, ChangSha, China.,Department of gynaecology, Xinjiang Cancer Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, ChangSha, China
| | - Xiaorui Zhang
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, ChangSha, China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, ChangSha, China
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7
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Sun Z, Chu X, Adams C, Ilina TV, Guerrero M, Lin G, Chen C, Jelev D, Ishima R, Li W, Mellors JW, Calero G, Dimitrov DS. Preclinical assessment of a novel human antibody VH domain targeting mesothelin as an antibody-drug conjugate. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2023; 31:100726. [PMID: 37771390 PMCID: PMC10522976 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesothelin (MSLN) has been a validated tumor-associated antigen target for several solid tumors for over a decade, making it an attractive option for therapeutic interventions. Novel antibodies with high affinity and better therapeutic properties are needed. In the current study, we have isolated and characterized a novel heavy chain variable (VH) domain 3C9 from a large-size human immunoglobulin VH domain library. 3C9 exhibited high affinity (KD [dissociation constant] <3 nM) and binding specificity in a membrane proteome array (MPA). In a mouse xenograft model, 3C9 fused to human IgG1 Fc was detected at tumor sites as early as 8 h post-infusion and remained at the site for over 10 days. Furthermore, 3C9 fused to a human Fc domain drug conjugate effectively inhibited MSLN-positive tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model. The X-ray crystal structure of full-length MSLN in complex with 3C9 reveals interaction of the 3C9 domains with two distinctive residue patches on the MSLN surface. This newly discovered VH antibody domain has a high potential as a therapeutic candidate for MSLN-expressing cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Sun
- Center for Antibody Therapeutics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Xiaojie Chu
- Center for Antibody Therapeutics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Cynthia Adams
- Abound Bio, 1401 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Tatiana V. Ilina
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Michel Guerrero
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Guowu Lin
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Chuan Chen
- Center for Antibody Therapeutics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Dontcho Jelev
- Center for Antibody Therapeutics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Rieko Ishima
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Center for Antibody Therapeutics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - John W. Mellors
- Center for Antibody Therapeutics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Abound Bio, 1401 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Guillermo Calero
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3501 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Dimiter S. Dimitrov
- Center for Antibody Therapeutics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Abound Bio, 1401 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
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8
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Zamora I, Freeman MR, Encío IJ, Rotinen M. Targeting Key Players of Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13673. [PMID: 37761978 PMCID: PMC10531052 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is a highly aggressive subtype of prostate cancer (PC) that commonly emerges through a transdifferentiation process from prostate adenocarcinoma and evades conventional therapies. Extensive molecular research has revealed factors that drive lineage plasticity, uncovering novel therapeutic targets to be explored. A diverse array of targeting agents is currently under evaluation in pre-clinical and clinical studies with promising results in suppressing or reversing the neuroendocrine phenotype and inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis. This new knowledge has the potential to contribute to the development of novel therapeutic approaches that may enhance the clinical management and prognosis of this lethal disease. In the present review, we discuss molecular players involved in the neuroendocrine phenotype, and we explore therapeutic strategies that are currently under investigation for NEPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Zamora
- Department of Health Science, Public University of Navarre, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Michael R. Freeman
- Departments of Urology and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ignacio J. Encío
- Department of Health Science, Public University of Navarre, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarre Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mirja Rotinen
- Department of Health Science, Public University of Navarre, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarre Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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9
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Jin W, Zhang M, Dong C, Huang L, Luo Q. The multifaceted role of MUC1 in tumor therapy resistance. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:1441-1474. [PMID: 36564679 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00978-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tumor therapeutic resistances are frequently linked to the recurrence and poor prognosis of cancers and have been a key bottleneck in clinical tumor treatment. Mucin1 (MUC1), a heterodimeric transmembrane glycoprotein, exhibits abnormally overexpression in a variety of human tumors and has been confirmed to be related to the formation of therapeutic resistance. In this review, the multifaceted roles of MUC1 in tumor therapy resistance are summarized from aspects of pan-cancer principles shared among therapies and individual mechanisms dependent on different therapies. Concretely, the common mechanisms of therapy resistance across cancers include interfering with gene expression, promoting genome instability, modifying tumor microenvironment, enhancing cancer heterogeneity and stemness, and activating evasion and metastasis. Moreover, the individual mechanisms of therapy resistance in chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and biotherapy are introduced. Last but not least, MUC1-involved therapy resistance in different types of cancers and MUC1-related clinical trials are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiu Jin
- Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Mengwei Zhang
- Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Changzi Dong
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 19104, USA
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Innovative Research Team of High-Level Local Universities in Shanghai, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qingquan Luo
- Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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10
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Zhu Y, Zhou M, Kong W, Li C. Antibody-drug conjugates: the clinical development in gastric cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1211947. [PMID: 37305567 PMCID: PMC10250015 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1211947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignant tumor of the digestive system worldwide, ranking among the top five in terms of incidence and mortality. However, the clinical efficacy of conventional treatments for gastric cancer remains limited, with a median overall survival of approximately eight months for advanced cases. In recent years, researchers have increasingly focused on antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) as a promising approach. ADCs are potent chemical drugs that selectively target cancer cells by binding to specific cell surface receptors with antibodies. Notably, ADCs have demonstrated promising results in clinical studies and have made significant strides in the treatment of gastric cancer. Currently, several ADCs are under investigation in clinical trials for gastric cancer patients, targeting various receptors such as EGFR, HER-2, HER-3, CLDN18.2, Mucin 1, among others. This review offers a comprehensive exploration of ADC drug characteristics and provides an overview of the research progress in ADC-based therapies for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingze Zhu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Miao Zhou
- Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Wenyue Kong
- School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Congling Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
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11
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Morimoto Y, Yamashita N, Hirose H, Fushimi A, Haratake N, Daimon T, Bhattacharya A, Ahmad R, Suzuki Y, Takahashi H, Kufe DW. MUC1-C is necessary for SHP2 activation and BRAF inhibitor resistance in BRAF(V600E) mutant colorectal cancer. Cancer Lett 2023; 559:216116. [PMID: 36878307 PMCID: PMC10408991 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancers (CRCs) harboring the BRAF(V600E) mutation are associated with aggressive disease and resistance to BRAF inhibitors by feedback activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)→RAS→MAPK pathway. The oncogenic MUC1-C protein promotes progression of colitis to CRC; whereas there is no known involvement of MUC1-C in BRAF(V600E) CRCs. The present work demonstrates that MUC1 expression is significantly upregulated in BRAF(V600E) vs wild-type CRCs. We show that BRAF(V600E) CRC cells are dependent on MUC1-C for proliferation and BRAF inhibitor (BRAFi) resistance. Mechanistically, MUC1-C integrates induction of MYC in driving cell cycle progression with activation of the SHP2 phosphotyrosine phosphatase, which enhances RTK-mediated RAS→ERK signaling. We demonstrate that targeting MUC1-C genetically and pharmacologically suppresses (i) activation of MYC, (ii) induction of the NOTCH1 stemness factor, and (iii) the capacity for self-renewal. We also show that MUC1-C associates with SHP2 and is required for SHP2 activation in driving BRAFi-induced feedback of ERK signaling. In this way, targeting MUC1-C in BRAFi-resistant BRAF(V600E) CRC tumors inhibits growth and sensitizes to BRAF inhibition. These findings demonstrate that MUC1-C is a target for the treatment of BRAF(V600E) CRCs and for reversing their resistance to BRAF inhibitors by suppressing the feedback MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nami Yamashita
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Haruka Hirose
- Division of Systems Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Atsushi Fushimi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naoki Haratake
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tatsuaki Daimon
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Rehan Ahmad
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yozo Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Donald W Kufe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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12
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Sayar E, Patel RA, Coleman IM, Roudier MP, Zhang A, Mustafi P, Low JY, Hanratty B, Ang LS, Bhatia V, Adil M, Bakbak H, Quigley DA, Schweizer MT, Hawley JE, Kollath L, True LD, Feng FY, Bander NH, Corey E, Lee JK, Morrissey C, Gulati R, Nelson PS, Haffner MC. Reversible epigenetic alterations mediate PSMA expression heterogeneity in advanced metastatic prostate cancer. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e162907. [PMID: 36821396 PMCID: PMC10132157 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.162907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an important cell surface target in prostate cancer. There are limited data on the heterogeneity of PSMA tissue expression in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Furthermore, the mechanisms regulating PSMA expression (encoded by the FOLH1 gene) are not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that PSMA expression is heterogeneous across different metastatic sites and molecular subtypes of mCRPC. In a rapid autopsy cohort in which multiple metastatic sites per patient were sampled, we found that 13 of 52 (25%) cases had no detectable PSMA and 23 of 52 (44%) cases showed heterogeneous PSMA expression across individual metastases, with 33 (63%) cases harboring at least 1 PSMA-negative site. PSMA-negative tumors displayed distinct transcriptional profiles with expression of druggable targets such as MUC1. Loss of PSMA was associated with epigenetic changes of the FOLH1 locus, including gain of CpG methylation and loss of histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27) acetylation. Treatment with histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors reversed this epigenetic repression and restored PSMA expression in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, these data provide insights into the expression patterns and regulation of PSMA in mCRPC and suggest that epigenetic therapies - in particular, HDAC inhibitors - can be used to augment PSMA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erolcan Sayar
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Radhika A. Patel
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ilsa M. Coleman
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Martine P. Roudier
- Department of Urology, University of Washington (UW), Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ailin Zhang
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Pallabi Mustafi
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jin-Yih Low
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Brian Hanratty
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lisa S. Ang
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Vipul Bhatia
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mohamed Adil
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Hasim Bakbak
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - David A. Quigley
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michael T. Schweizer
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, UW, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jessica E. Hawley
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, UW, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lori Kollath
- Department of Urology, University of Washington (UW), Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lawrence D. True
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, UW, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Felix Y. Feng
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Neil H. Bander
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eva Corey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington (UW), Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - John K. Lee
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Colm Morrissey
- Department of Urology, University of Washington (UW), Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Roman Gulati
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Peter S. Nelson
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Washington (UW), Seattle, Washington, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, UW, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, UW, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael C. Haffner
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, UW, Seattle, Washington, USA
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13
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Morimoto Y, Yamashita N, Daimon T, Hirose H, Yamano S, Haratake N, Ishikawa S, Bhattacharya A, Fushimi A, Ahmad R, Takahashi H, Dashevsky O, Mitsiades C, Kufe D. MUC1-C is a master regulator of MICA/B NKG2D ligand and exosome secretion in human cancer cells. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e006238. [PMID: 36754452 PMCID: PMC9923360 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-006238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The MUC1-C protein evolved in mammals to protect barrier tissues from loss of homeostasis; however, MUC1-C promotes oncogenesis in association with chronic inflammation. Aberrant expression of MUC1-C in cancers has been linked to depletion and dysfunction of T cells in the tumor microenvironment. In contrast, there is no known involvement of MUC1-C in the regulation of natural killer (NK) cell function. METHODS Targeting MUC1-C genetically and pharmacologically in cancer cells was performed to assess effects on intracellular and cell surface expression of the MHC class I chain-related polypeptide A (MICA) and MICB ligands. The MICA/B promoters were analyzed for H3K27 and DNA methylation. Shedding of MICA/B was determined by ELISA. MUC1-C interactions with ERp5 and RAB27A were assessed by coimmunoprecipitation and direct binding studies. Exosomes were isolated for analysis of secretion. Purified NK cells were assayed for killing of cancer cell targets. RESULTS Our studies demonstrate that MUC1-C represses expression of the MICA and MICB ligands that activate the NK group 2D receptor. We show that the inflammatory MUC1-C→NF-κB pathway drives enhancer of zeste homolog 2-mediated and DNMT-mediated methylation of the MICA and MICB promoter regions. Targeting MUC1-C genetically and pharmacologically with the GO-203 inhibitor induced intracellular and cell surface MICA/B expression but not MICA/B cleavage. Mechanistically, MUC1-C regulates the ERp5 thiol oxidoreductase that is necessary for MICA/B protease digestion and shedding. In addition, MUC1-C interacts with the RAB27A protein, which is required for exosome formation and secretion. As a result, targeting MUC1-C markedly inhibited secretion of exosomes expressing MICA/B. In concert with these results, we show that targeting MUC1-C promotes NK cell-mediated killing. CONCLUSIONS These findings uncover pleotropic mechanisms by which MUC1-C confers evasion of cancer cells to NK cell recognition and destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Morimoto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nami Yamashita
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tatsuaki Daimon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Haruka Hirose
- Division of Systems Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shizuka Yamano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Naoki Haratake
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Satoshi Ishikawa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Atrayee Bhattacharya
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Atsushi Fushimi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rehan Ahmad
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hidekazu Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Olga Dashevsky
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Constantine Mitsiades
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Donald Kufe
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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14
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Kufe DW. Emergence of MUC1 in Mammals for Adaptation of Barrier Epithelia. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194805. [PMID: 36230728 PMCID: PMC9564314 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mucin 1 (MUC1) gene was discovered based on its overexpression in human breast cancers. Subsequent work demonstrated that MUC1 is aberrantly expressed in cancers originating from other diverse organs, including skin and immune cells. These findings supported a role for MUC1 in the adaptation of barrier tissues to infection and environmental stress. Of fundamental importance for this evolutionary adaptation was inclusion of a SEA domain, which catalyzes autoproteolysis of the MUC1 protein and formation of a non-covalent heterodimeric complex. The resulting MUC1 heterodimer is poised at the apical cell membrane to respond to loss of homeostasis. Disruption of the complex releases the MUC1 N-terminal (MUC1-N) subunit into a protective mucous gel. Conversely, the transmembrane C-terminal (MUC1-C) subunit activates a program of lineage plasticity, epigenetic reprogramming and repair. This MUC1-C-activated program apparently evolved for barrier tissues to mount self-regulating proliferative, inflammatory and remodeling responses associated with wound healing. Emerging evidence indicates that MUC1-C underpins inflammatory adaptation of tissue stem cells and immune cells in the barrier niche. This review focuses on how prolonged activation of MUC1-C by chronic inflammation in these niches promotes the cancer stem cell (CSC) state by establishing auto-inductive nodes that drive self-renewal and tumorigenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald W Kufe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, D830, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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15
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Kobayashi G, Hayashi T, Sentani K, Takemoto K, Sekino Y, Uraoka N, Hanamoto M, Nose H, Teishima J, Arihiro K, Hinata N, Oue N. Clinicopathological significance of the overexpression of MUC1 in upper tract urothelial carcinoma and possible application as a diagnostic marker. Pathol Int 2022; 72:606-616. [PMID: 36169278 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mucin 1 (MUC1) overexpression has been reported in many malignancies and is associated with a poor prognosis. However, the clinicopathological significance of MUC1 in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) has not been investigated. We analyzed the expression and distribution of MUC1 in UTUC by immunohistochemistry. In normal urothelium, MUC1 expression was observed on the surface of umbrella cells. Meanwhile, the strong expression of MUC1 was observed in cell membranes and cytoplasm in UTUC tissues, and it was detected in 64 (58%) of a total of 110 UTUC cases. MUC1-positive UTUC cases were associated with nodular/flat morphology, high grade, high T stage, and lymphatic and venous invasion and poor prognosis. Additionally, MUC1 expression was associated with high expression of Ki-67, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), CD44 variant 9 (CD44v9), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and p53 in UTUC. Furthermore, immunocytochemistry for MUC1 on urine cytology slides demonstrated that the strong staining of MUC1 was more frequently found in tumor cells than in nonneoplastic cells. The diagnostic accuracy of urine cytology was improved by combining MUC1 immunostaining with cytology. These results suggest that MUC1 may be a prognostic biomarker in UTUC, and MUC1 exression has a potential application as a diagnostic immunomarker for urine cytology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go Kobayashi
- Department of Pathology, Kure-Kyosai Hospital, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tetsutaro Hayashi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sentani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kenshiro Takemoto
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yohei Sekino
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naohiro Uraoka
- Department of Pathology, Kure-Kyosai Hospital, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masanori Hanamoto
- Department of Urology, Kure-Kyosai Hospital, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nose
- Department of Urology, Kure-Kyosai Hospital, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Jun Teishima
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Koji Arihiro
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Hinata
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naohide Oue
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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16
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Fushimi A, Morimoto Y, Ishikawa S, Yamashita N, Bhattacharya A, Daimon T, Rajabi H, Jin C, Hagiwara M, Yasumizu Y, Luan Z, Suo W, Wong KK, Withers H, Liu S, Long MD, Kufe D. Dependence on the MUC1-C Oncoprotein in Classic, Variant, and Non-neuroendocrine Small Cell Lung Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:1379-1390. [PMID: 35612556 PMCID: PMC9437561 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-22-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a recalcitrant malignancy defined by subtypes on the basis of differential expression of the ASCL1, NEUROD1, and POU2F3 transcription factors. The MUC1-C protein is activated in pulmonary epithelial cells by exposure to environmental carcinogens and promotes oncogenesis; however, there is no known association between MUC1-C and SCLC. We report that MUC1-C is expressed in classic neuroendocrine (NE) SCLC-A, variant NE SCLC-N and non-NE SCLC-P cells and activates the MYC pathway in these subtypes. In SCLC cells characterized by NE differentiation and DNA replication stress, we show that MUC1-C activates the MYC pathway in association with induction of E2F target genes and dysregulation of mitotic progression. Our studies further demonstrate that the MUC1-C→MYC pathway is necessary for induction of (i) NOTCH2, a marker of pulmonary NE stem cells that are the proposed cell of SCLC origin, and (ii) ASCL1 and NEUROD1. We also show that the MUC1-C→MYC→NOTCH2 network is necessary for self-renewal capacity and tumorigenicity of NE and non-NE SCLC cells. Analyses of datasets from SCLC tumors confirmed that MUC1 expression in single SCLC cells significantly associates with activation of the MYC pathway. These findings demonstrate that SCLC cells are addicted to MUC1-C and identify a potential new target for SCLC treatment. IMPLICATIONS This work uncovers addiction of SCLC cells to MUC1-C, which is a druggable target that could provide new opportunities for advancing SCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Fushimi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yoshihiro Morimoto
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Satoshi Ishikawa
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nami Yamashita
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Tatsuaki Daimon
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hasan Rajabi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Caining Jin
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Masayuki Hagiwara
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yota Yasumizu
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zhou Luan
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wenhao Suo
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kwok-Kin Wong
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Henry Withers
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Mark D. Long
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York.,Corresponding Authors: Donald Kufe, Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215. E-mail: ; and Mark D. Long, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carlton & Elm Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263. E-mail:
| | - Donald Kufe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Corresponding Authors: Donald Kufe, Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215. E-mail: ; and Mark D. Long, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carlton & Elm Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263. E-mail:
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17
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Qing L, Li Q, Dong Z. MUC1: An emerging target in cancer treatment and diagnosis. Bull Cancer 2022; 109:1202-1216. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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18
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Addiction of Cancer Stem Cells to MUC1-C in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158219. [PMID: 35897789 PMCID: PMC9331006 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options. TNBC progression is associated with expansion of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Few insights are available regarding druggable targets that drive the TNBC CSC state. This review summarizes the literature on TNBC CSCs and the compelling evidence that they are addicted to the MUC1-C transmembrane protein. In normal epithelia, MUC1-C is activated by loss of homeostasis and induces reversible wound-healing responses of inflammation and repair. However, in settings of chronic inflammation, MUC1-C promotes carcinogenesis. MUC1-C induces EMT, epigenetic reprogramming and chromatin remodeling in TNBC CSCs, which are dependent on MUC1-C for self-renewal and tumorigenicity. MUC1-C-induced lineage plasticity in TNBC CSCs confers DNA damage resistance and immune evasion by chronic activation of inflammatory pathways and global changes in chromatin architecture. Of therapeutic significance, an antibody generated against the MUC1-C extracellular domain has been advanced in a clinical trial of anti-MUC1-C CAR T cells and in IND-enabling studies for development as an antibody–drug conjugate (ADC). Agents targeting the MUC1-C cytoplasmic domain have also entered the clinic and are undergoing further development as candidates for advancing TNBC treatment. Eliminating TNBC CSCs will be necessary for curing this recalcitrant cancer and MUC1-C represents a promising druggable target for achieving that goal.
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19
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Li Z, Yang D, Guo T, Lin M. Advances in MUC1-Mediated Breast Cancer Immunotherapy. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070952. [PMID: 35883508 PMCID: PMC9313386 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BRCA) is the leading cause of death from malignant tumors among women. Fortunately, however, immunotherapy has recently become a prospective BRCA treatment with encouraging achievements and mild safety profiles. Since the overexpression and aberrant glycosylation of MUC1 (human mucin) are closely associated with BRCA, it has become an ideal target for BRCA immunotherapies. In this review, the structure and function of MUC1 are briefly introduced, and the main research achievements in different kinds of MUC1-mediated BRCA immunotherapy are highlighted, from the laboratory to the clinic. Afterward, the future directions of MUC1-mediated BRCA immunotherapy are predicted, addressing, for example, urgent issues in regard to how efficient immunotherapeutic strategies can be generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Li
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (Z.L.); (D.Y.)
| | - Dazhuang Yang
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (Z.L.); (D.Y.)
| | - Ting Guo
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Jiangsu Taizhou People’s Hospital (Affiliated Hospital 5 of Nantong University), Taizhou 225300, China;
| | - Mei Lin
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Jiangsu Taizhou People’s Hospital (Affiliated Hospital 5 of Nantong University), Taizhou 225300, China;
- Correspondence:
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20
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Kufe DW. Chronic activation of MUC1-C in wound repair promotes progression to cancer stem cells. JOURNAL OF CANCER METASTASIS AND TREATMENT 2022; 8. [PMID: 35539431 PMCID: PMC9083497 DOI: 10.20517/2394-4722.2022.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The mucin 1 (MUC1) gene emerged in mammals to afford protection of barrier epithelial tissues from the external environment. MUC1 encodes a transmembrane C-terminal (MUC1-C) subunit that is activated by loss of homeostasis and induces inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling pathways associated with wound repair. As a consequence, chronic activation of MUC1-C promotes lineage plasticity, epigenetic reprogramming, and carcinogenesis. In driving cancer progression, MUC1-C is imported into the nucleus, where it induces NF-κB inflammatory signaling and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). MUC1-C represses gene expression by activating (i) DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and DNMT3b, (ii) Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) and PRC2, and (iii) the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) complex. PRC1/2-mediated gene repression is counteracted by the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes. MUC1-C activates the SWI/SNF BAF and PBAF complexes in cancer stem cell (CSC) models with the induction of genome-wide differentially accessible regions and expressed genes. MUC1-C regulates chromatin accessibility of enhancer-like signatures in association with the induction of the Yamanaka pluripotency factors and recruitment of JUN and BAF, which promote increases in histone activation marks and opening of chromatin. These and other findings described in this review have uncovered a pivotal role for MUC1-C in integrating lineage plasticity and epigenetic reprogramming, which are transient in wound repair and sustained in promoting CSC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald W Kufe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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21
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Kang N, Qiu WJ, Wang B, Tang DF, Shen XY. Role of hemoglobin alpha and hemoglobin beta in non-small-cell lung cancer based on bioinformatics analysis. Mol Carcinog 2022; 61:587-602. [PMID: 35394695 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and screened differentially in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus databases, and the correlation of DEGs in protein interaction, function, and pathway enrichment were analyzed to search for new biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for NSCLC. Protein-protein interaction network (PPI) analysis showed that CDK1 and GNGT1 were the most significantly upregulated hub nodes, while FPR2 was the most significantly downregulated. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis showed that upregulated DEGs were significantly enriched in protein heterodimerization activity and other functions, while downregulated DEGs were enriched in functions such as heparin-binding. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed that upregulation of DEGs were significantly associated with neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathways, while downregulation of DEGs were significantly associated with malaria pathways. According to the analysis results, we identified hemoglobin alpha (HBA) and hemoglobin beta (HBB) as the genes of interest for further study. Through tissue level and cell level experiments, we found that the expressions of HBA and HBB in NSCLC tissues were significantly lower than those in paracancerous tissues, and downregulation of HBA and HBB could significantly affect the proliferation ability of NSCLC cells. In addition, we also found that changes in HBA and HBB may affect NSCLC cells through the p38/MAPK pathway and JNK pathway, and ultimately affect the occurrence and development of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Kang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huadong Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Jia Qiu
- Department of Respiration, The Affiliated Huadong Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huadong Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Fang Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huadong Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huadong Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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22
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Shahrad S, Rajabi M, Javadi H, Karimi Zarchi AA, Darvishi MH. Targeting lung cancer cells with MUC1 aptamer-functionalized PLA-PEG nanocarriers. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4718. [PMID: 35304550 PMCID: PMC8933396 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08759-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
MUC1 aptamer-functionalized PLA-PEG nanocarriers at various w/w ratios (polymer to doxorubicin weight ratio) were prepared by a double emulsion method. Physiochemical properties, encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading content (LC) and in vitro release kinetics of DOX were assessed. Furthermore, cytotoxicity and antitumor activity of prepared PLA-PEG-Apt/DOX NPs at w/w ratio 10:1 were evaluated by MTT assay and flow cytometry against MUC1-overexpressing A-549 cell line. Targeted nanocarriers (PLA-PEG-Apt/DOX NPs at w/w ratio 10:1) induced higher apoptosis rate (36.3 ± 3.44%) for 24 h in MUC1 positive A-549 cancer cells in compare to non-targeted form (PLA-PEG/DOX NPs at w/w ratio 10:1, 11.37 ± 1.65%) and free DOX (4.35 ± 0.81%). In other word, the percentage of cell death in A-549 lung cancer cells treated with PLA-PEG-Apt/DOX NPs at w/w ratio 10:1 is 3.19 and 8.34 fold higher than in non-targeted form and Free DOX treated cancer cells, respectively. Therefore, PLA-PEG-Apt/DOX NPs might be considered a promising drug delivery system for targeted drug delivery towards MUC1-overexpressing tumors cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Shahrad
- Department of Materials Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Shariati Ave., 47148-71167, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rajabi
- Department of Materials Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Shariati Ave., 47148-71167, Babol, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Javadi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Karimi Zarchi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Darvishi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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23
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Teicher BA, Morris J. Antibody-Drug Conjugate Targets, Drugs and Linkers. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:463-529. [PMID: 35209819 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220224110538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates offer the possibility of directing powerful cytotoxic agents to a malignant tumor while sparing normal tissue. The challenge is to select an antibody target expressed exclusively or at highly elevated levels on the surface of tumor cells and either not all or at low levels on normal cells. The current review explores 78 targets that have been explored as antibody-drug conjugate targets. Some of these targets have been abandoned, 9 or more are the targets of FDA-approved drugs, and most remain active clinical interest. Antibody-drug conjugates require potent cytotoxic drug payloads, several of these small molecules are discussed, as are the linkers between the protein component and small molecule components of the conjugates. Finally, conclusions regarding the elements for the successful antibody-drug conjugate are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverly A Teicher
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, DCTD, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892,United States
| | - Joel Morris
- Developmental Therapeutics Program, DCTD, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892,United States
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24
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Luan Z, Morimoto Y, Fushimi A, Yamashita N, Suo W, Bhattacharya A, Hagiwara M, Jin C, Kufe D. MUC1-C dictates neuroendocrine lineage specification in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. Carcinogenesis 2022; 43:67-76. [PMID: 34657147 PMCID: PMC8832436 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgab097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) and poorly differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine (NE) carcinomas are KRAS mutant malignancies with a potential common cell of origin. PDAC ductal, but not NE, lineage traits have been associated with cell-intrinsic activation of interferon (IFN) pathways. The present studies demonstrate that the MUC1 C-terminal subunit (MUC1-C), which evolved to protect mammalian epithelia from loss of homeostasis, is aberrantly overexpressed in KRAS mutant PDAC tumors and cell lines. We show that MUC1-C is necessary for activation of the type I and II IFN pathways and for expression of the Yamanaka OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and MYC (OSKM) pluripotency factors. Our results demonstrate that MUC1-C integrates IFN signaling and pluripotency with NE dedifferentiation by forming a complex with MYC and driving the (i) achaete-scute homolog 1 and BRN2/POU3F2 neural, and (ii) NOTCH1/2 stemness transcription factors. Of translational relevance, targeting MUC1-C genetically and pharmacologically in PDAC cells (i) suppresses OSKM, NE dedifferentiation and NOTCH1/2, and (ii) inhibits self-renewal capacity and tumorigenicity. In PDAC tumors, we show that MUC1 significantly associates with activation of IFN signaling, MYC and NOTCH, and that upregulation of the MUC1-C → MYC pathway confers a poor prognosis. These findings indicate that MUC1-C dictates PDAC NE lineage specification and is a potential target for the treatment of recalcitrant pancreatic carcinomas with NE dedifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Luan
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | | | - Atsushi Fushimi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nami Yamashita
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wenhao Suo
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | | | - Masayuki Hagiwara
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Urology, Keio University Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Caining Jin
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Donald Kufe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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25
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Hagiwara M, Fushimi A, Bhattacharya A, Yamashita N, Morimoto Y, Oya M, Withers HG, Hu Q, Liu T, Liu S, Wong KK, Long MD, Kufe D. MUC1-C integrates type II interferon and chromatin remodeling pathways in immunosuppression of prostate cancer. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2029298. [PMID: 35127252 PMCID: PMC8812775 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2029298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The oncogenic MUC1-C protein drives dedifferentiation of castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cells in association with chromatin remodeling. The present work demonstrates that MUC1-C is necessary for expression of IFNGR1 and activation of the type II interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) pathway. We show that MUC1-C→ARID1A/BAF signaling induces IFNGR1 transcription and that MUC1-C-induced activation of the NuRD complex suppresses FBXW7 in stabilizing the IFNGR1 protein. MUC1-C and NuRD were also necessary for expression of the downstream STAT1 and IRF1 transcription factors. We further demonstrate that MUC1-C and PBRM1/PBAF are necessary for IRF1-induced expression of (i) IDO1, WARS and PTGES, which metabolically suppress the immune tumor microenvironment (TME), and (ii) the ISG15 and SERPINB9 inhibitors of T cell function. Of translational relevance, we show that MUC1 associates with expression of IFNGR1, STAT1 and IRF1, as well as the downstream IDO1, WARS, PTGES, ISG15 and SERPINB9 immunosuppressive effectors in CRPC tumors. Analyses of scRNA-seq data further demonstrate that MUC1 correlates with cancer stem cell (CSC) and IFN gene signatures across CRPC cells. Consistent with these results, MUC1 associates with immune cell-depleted "cold" CRPC TMEs. These findings demonstrate that MUC1-C integrates chronic activation of the type II IFN-γ pathway and induction of chromatin remodeling complexes in linking the CSC state with immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Hagiwara
- Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Atsushi Fushimi
- Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Nami Yamashita
- Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Mototsugu Oya
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Henry G. Withers
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Qiang Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kwok K. Wong
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark D. Long
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Donald Kufe
- Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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26
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Vafaei R, Samadi M, Hosseinzadeh A, Barzaman K, Esmailinejad M, Khaki Z, Farahmand L. Comparison of mucin-1 in human breast cancer and canine mammary gland tumor: a review study. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:14. [PMID: 35000604 PMCID: PMC8744232 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02398-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucin-1 (MUC-1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein, which bears many similarities between dogs and humans. Since the existence of animal models is essential to understand the significant factors involved in breast cancer mechanisms, canine mammary tumors (CMTs) could be used as a spontaneously occurring tumor model for human studies. Accordingly, this review assessed the comparison of canine and human MUC-1 based on their diagnostic and therapeutic aspects and showed how comparative oncology approaches could provide insights into translating pre-clinical trials from human to veterinary oncology and vice versa which could benefit both humans and dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Vafaei
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, No.146, South Gandi Ave, Vanak Sq, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Samadi
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, No.146, South Gandi Ave, Vanak Sq, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aysooda Hosseinzadeh
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, No.146, South Gandi Ave, Vanak Sq, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Barzaman
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, No.146, South Gandi Ave, Vanak Sq, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - MohammadReza Esmailinejad
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Khaki
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, No.146, South Gandi Ave, Vanak Sq, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Leila Farahmand
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, No.146, South Gandi Ave, Vanak Sq, Tehran, Iran.
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27
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Jiang Y, Jiang Z, Wang M, Ma L. Current understandings and clinical translation of nanomedicines for breast cancer therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 180:114034. [PMID: 34736986 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers that is threatening women's life. Current clinical treatment regimens for breast cancer often involve neoadjuvant and adjuvant systemic therapies, which somewhat are associated with unfavorable features. Also, the heterogeneous nature of breast cancers requires precision medicine that cannot be fulfilled by a single type of systemically administered drug. Taking advantage of the nanocarriers, nanomedicines emerge as promising therapeutic agents for breast cancer that could resolve the defects of drugs and achieve precise drug delivery to almost all sites of primary and metastatic breast tumors (e.g. tumor vasculature, tumor stroma components, breast cancer cells, and some immune cells). Seven nanomedicines as represented by Doxil® have been approved for breast cancer clinical treatment so far. More nanomedicines including both non-targeting and active targeting nanomedicines are being evaluated in the clinical trials. However, we have to realize that the translation of nanomedicines, particularly the active targeting nanomedicines is not as successful as people have expected. This review provides a comprehensive landscape of the nanomedicines for breast cancer treatment, from laboratory investigations to clinical applications. We also highlight the key advances in the understanding of the biological fate and the targeting strategies of breast cancer nanomedicine and the implications to clinical translation.
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28
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Wu G, Li L, Qiu Y, Sun W, Ren T, Lv Y, Liu M, Wang X, Tao H, Zhao L, Cao J, He L, Li H, Gu H. A novel humanized MUC1 antibody-drug conjugate for the treatment of trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:1625-1639. [PMID: 34586349 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmab141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucin 1 (MUC1) has been regarded as an ideal target for cancer treatment, since it is overexpressed in a variety of different cancers including the majority of breast cancer. However, there are still no approved monoclonal antibody drugs targeting MUC1. In this study, we generated a humanized MUC1 (HzMUC1) antibody from our previously developed MUC1 mouse monoclonal antibody that only recognizes MUC1 on the surface of tumor cells. Furthermore, an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) was generated by conjugating HzMUC1 with monomethyl auristatin (MMAE), and the efficacy of HzMUC1-MMAE on the MUC1-positive HER2+ breast cancer in vitro and in 'Xenograft' model was tested. Results from western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation revealed that the HzMUC1 antibody did not recognize cell-free MUC1-N in sera from breast cancer patients. Confocal microscopy analysis showed that HzMUC1 antibody bound to MUC1 on the surface of breast cancer cells. Results from mapping experiments suggested that HzMUC1 may recognize an epitope present in the interaction region between MUC1-N and MUC1-C. Results from colony formation assay and flow cytometry demonstrated that HzMUC1-MMAE significantly inhibited cell growth by inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive breast cancer cells. Meanwhile, HzMUC1-MMAE significantly reduced the growth of HCC1954 xenograft tumors by inhibiting cell proliferation and enhancing cell death. In conclusion, our results indicate that HzMUC1-ADC is a novel therapeutic drug that can overcome trastuzumab resistance of breast cancer. HzMUC1-ADC should also be an effective therapeutic drug for the treatment of different MUC1-positive cancers in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Lan Li
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yuxin Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Tianhao Ren
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yingshuai Lv
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Mengnan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hongqun Tao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Lingjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jiawei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Licai He
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hongzhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Haihua Gu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
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29
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Madheswaran S, Mungra N, Biteghe FAN, De la Croix Ndong J, Arowolo AT, Adeola HA, Ramamurthy D, Naran K, Khumalo NP, Barth S. Antibody-Based Targeted Interventions for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Skin Cancers. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:162-186. [PMID: 32723261 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200728123006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous malignancies most commonly arise from skin epidermal cells. These cancers may rapidly progress from benign to a metastatic phase. Surgical resection represents the gold standard therapeutic treatment of non-metastatic skin cancer while chemo- and/or radiotherapy are often used against metastatic tumors. However, these therapeutic treatments are limited by the development of resistance and toxic side effects, resulting from the passive accumulation of cytotoxic drugs within healthy cells. OBJECTIVE This review aims to elucidate how the use of monoclonal Antibodies (mAbs) targeting specific Tumor Associated Antigens (TAAs) is paving the way to improved treatment. These mAbs are used as therapeutic or diagnostic carriers that can specifically deliver cytotoxic molecules, fluorophores or radiolabels to cancer cells that overexpress specific target antigens. RESULTS mAbs raised against TAAs are widely in use for e.g. differential diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of skin cancers. Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) particularly show remarkable potential. The safest ADCs reported to date use non-toxic photo-activatable Photosensitizers (PSs), allowing targeted Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) resulting in targeted delivery of PS into cancer cells and selective killing after light activation without harming the normal cell population. The use of near-infrared-emitting PSs enables both diagnostic and therapeutic applications upon light activation at the specific wavelengths. CONCLUSION Antibody-based approaches are presenting an array of opportunities to complement and improve current methods employed for skin cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Madheswaran
- Medical Biotechnology & Immunotherapy Research Unit, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Neelakshi Mungra
- Medical Biotechnology & Immunotherapy Research Unit, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Fleury A N Biteghe
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jean De la Croix Ndong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York University Langone Orthopedic Hospital, 301 East 17th Street, New York, NY, United States
| | - Afolake T Arowolo
- The Hair and Skin Research Lab, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Henry A Adeola
- The Hair and Skin Research Lab, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dharanidharan Ramamurthy
- Medical Biotechnology & Immunotherapy Research Unit, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Krupa Naran
- Medical Biotechnology & Immunotherapy Research Unit, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nonhlanhla P Khumalo
- The Hair and Skin Research Lab, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stefan Barth
- Medical Biotechnology & Immunotherapy Research Unit, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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30
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Chen W, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Zhu P, Ko JKS, Yung KKL. MUC1: Structure, Function, and Clinic Application in Epithelial Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126567. [PMID: 34207342 PMCID: PMC8234110 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane glycoprotein mucin 1 (MUC1) is a mucin family member that has different functions in normal and cancer cells. Owing to its structural and biochemical properties, MUC1 can act as a lubricant, moisturizer, and physical barrier in normal cells. However, in cancer cells, MUC1 often undergoes aberrant glycosylation and overexpression. It is involved in cancer invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and apoptosis by virtue of its participation in intracellular signaling processes and the regulation of related biomolecules. This review introduces the biological structure and different roles of MUC1 in normal and cancer cells and the regulatory mechanisms governing these roles. It also evaluates current research progress and the clinical applications of MUC1 in cancer therapy based on its characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Chen
- Division of Teaching and Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Zhu Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; (Z.Z.); (S.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Shiqing Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; (Z.Z.); (S.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Peili Zhu
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; (Z.Z.); (S.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Joshua Ka-Shun Ko
- Division of Teaching and Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China;
- Correspondence: (J.K.-S.K.); (K.K.-L.Y.); Tel.: +852-3411-2907 (J.K.-S.K.); +852-3411-7060 (K.K.-L.Y.); Fax: +852-3411-2461 (J.K.-S.K.); +852-3411-5995 (K.K.-L.Y.)
| | - Ken Kin-Lam Yung
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; (Z.Z.); (S.Z.); (P.Z.)
- Correspondence: (J.K.-S.K.); (K.K.-L.Y.); Tel.: +852-3411-2907 (J.K.-S.K.); +852-3411-7060 (K.K.-L.Y.); Fax: +852-3411-2461 (J.K.-S.K.); +852-3411-5995 (K.K.-L.Y.)
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Kufe DW. MUC1-C in chronic inflammation and carcinogenesis; emergence as a target for cancer treatment. Carcinogenesis 2021; 41:1173-1183. [PMID: 32710608 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a highly prevalent consequence of changes in environmental and lifestyle factors that contribute to the development of cancer. The basis for this critical association has largely remained unclear. The MUC1 gene evolved in mammals to protect epithelia from the external environment. The MUC1-C subunit promotes responses found in wound healing and cancer. MUC1-C induces EMT, epigenetic reprogramming, dedifferentiation and pluripotency factor expression, which when prolonged in chronic inflammation promote cancer progression. As discussed in this review, MUC1-C also drives drug resistance and immune evasion, and is an important target for cancer therapeutics now under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald W Kufe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Mucins reprogram stemness, metabolism and promote chemoresistance during cancer progression. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:575-588. [PMID: 33813658 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-09959-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mucins are high-molecular-weight glycoproteins dysregulated in aggressive cancers. The role of mucins in disease progression, tumor proliferation, and chemotherapy resistance has been studied extensively. This article provides a comprehensive review of mucin's function as a physical barrier and the implication of mucin overexpression in impeded drug delivery to solid tumors. Mucins regulate the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cancer cells via several canonical and non-canonical oncogenic signaling pathways. Furthermore, mucins play an extensive role in enriching and maintaining the cancer stem cell (CSC) population, thereby sustaining the self-renewing and chemoresistant cellular pool in the bulk tumor. It has recently been demonstrated that mucins regulate the metabolic reprogramming during oncogenesis and cancer progression, which account for tumor cell survival, proliferation, and drug-resistance. This review article focuses on delineating mucin's role in oncogenic signaling and aberrant regulation of gene expressions, culminating in CSC maintenance, metabolic rewiring, and development of chemoresistance, tumor progression, and metastasis.
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Abstract
Despite the decline in death rate from breast cancer and recent advances in targeted therapies and combinations for the treatment of metastatic disease, metastatic breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer-associated death in U.S. women. The invasion-metastasis cascade involves a number of steps and multitudes of proteins and signaling molecules. The pathways include invasion, intravasation, circulation, extravasation, infiltration into a distant site to form a metastatic niche, and micrometastasis formation in a new environment. Each of these processes is regulated by changes in gene expression. Noncoding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in breast cancer tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis by post-transcriptional regulation of target gene expression. miRNAs can stimulate oncogenesis (oncomiRs), inhibit tumor growth (tumor suppressors or miRsupps), and regulate gene targets in metastasis (metastamiRs). The goal of this review is to summarize some of the key miRNAs that regulate genes and pathways involved in metastatic breast cancer with an emphasis on estrogen receptor α (ERα+) breast cancer. We reviewed the identity, regulation, human breast tumor expression, and reported prognostic significance of miRNAs that have been documented to directly target key genes in pathways, including epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributing to the metastatic cascade. We critically evaluated the evidence for metastamiRs and their targets and miRNA regulation of metastasis suppressor genes in breast cancer progression and metastasis. It is clear that our understanding of miRNA regulation of targets in metastasis is incomplete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda J Petri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
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Yamashita N, Long M, Fushimi A, Yamamoto M, Hata T, Hagiwara M, Bhattacharya A, Hu Q, Wong KK, Liu S, Kufe D. MUC1-C integrates activation of the IFN-γ pathway with suppression of the tumor immune microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2020-002115. [PMID: 33495298 PMCID: PMC7839859 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-002115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have had a profound impact on the treatment of many tumors; however, their effectiveness against triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) has been limited. One factor limiting responsiveness of TNBCs to ICIs is a lack of functional tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in ‘non-inflamed’ or ‘cold’ tumor immune microenvironments (TIMEs), although by unknown mechanisms. Targeting MUC1-C in a mouse transgenic TNBC tumor model increases cytotoxic tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells (CTLs), supporting a role for MUC1-C in immune evasion. The basis for these findings and whether they extend to human TNBCs are not known. Methods Human TNBC cells silenced for MUC1-C using short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) were analyzed for the effects of MUC1-C on global transcriptional profiles. Differential expression and rank order analysis was used for gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Gene expression was confirmed by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR and immunoblotting. The The Cancer Genome Atlas Breast Invasive Carcinoma (TCGA-BRCA) and Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) datasets were analyzed for effects of MUC1 on GSEA, cell-type enrichment, and tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion. Single-cell scRNA-seq datasets of TNBC samples were analyzed for normalized expression associations between MUC1 and selected genes within tumor cells. Results Our results demonstrate that MUC1-C is a master regulator of the TNBC transcriptome and that MUC1-C-induced gene expression is driven by STAT1 and IRF1. We found that MUC1-C activates the inflammatory interferon (IFN)-γ-driven JAK1→STAT1→IRF1 pathway and induces the IDO1 and COX2/PTGS2 effectors, which play key roles in immunosuppression. Involvement of MUC1-C in activating the immunosuppressive IFN-γ pathway was extended by analysis of human bulk and scRNA-seq datasets. We further demonstrate that MUC1 associates with the depletion and dysfunction of CD8+ T cells in the TNBC TIME. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that MUC1-C integrates activation of the immunosuppressive IFN-γ pathway with depletion of TILs in the TNBC TIME and provide support for MUC1-C as a potential target for improving TNBC treatment alone and in combination with ICIs. Of translational significance, MUC1-C is a druggable target with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and a functional inhibitor that are under clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nami Yamashita
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mark Long
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Atsushi Fushimi
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Masaaki Yamamoto
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tsuyoshi Hata
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Masayuki Hagiwara
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Qiang Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Kwok-Kin Wong
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Donald Kufe
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Malavia N, Kuche K, Ghadi R, Jain S. A bird's eye view of the advanced approaches and strategies for overshadowing triple negative breast cancer. J Control Release 2020; 330:72-100. [PMID: 33321156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive form of breast cancer. It is characterized by the absence of estrogen, progesterone and human epidermal growth factor receptors. The main issue with TNBC is that it exhibits poor prognosis, high risk of relapse, short progression-free survival and low overall survival in patients. This is because the conventional therapy used for managing TNBC has issues pertaining to poor bioavailability, lower cellular uptake, increased off-target effects and development of resistance. To overcome such pitfalls, several other approaches are explored. In this context, the present manuscript showcases three of the most widely used approaches which are (i) nanotechnology-based approach; (ii) gene therapy approach and (iii) Phytochemical-based approach. The ultimate focus is to present and explain the insightful reports based on these approaches. Further, the review also expounds on the identified molecular targets and novel targeting ligands which are explored for managing TNBC effectively. Thus, in a nutshell, the review tries to highlight these existing treatment approaches which might inspire for future development of novel therapies with a potential of overshadowing TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Malavia
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Kaushik Kuche
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Rohan Ghadi
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Sanyog Jain
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India.
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36
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Méausoone C, Landkocz Y, Cazier F, Seigneur M, Courcot D, Billet S. Toxicological responses of BEAS-2B cells to repeated exposures to benzene, toluene, m-xylene, and mesitylene using air-liquid interface method. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 41:1262-1274. [PMID: 33269480 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In order to reduce exposure to toxic chemicals, the European REACH regulation (1907/2006) recommends substituting toxic molecules with compounds that are less harmful to human health and the environment. Toluene is one of the most frequently used solvents in industries despite its toxicity. The objective of this study is to better understand and compare the toxicity of toluene and its homologues in a bronchial cell model. Thus, human bronchial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to steams of toluene, m-xylene, mesitylene (1,3,5-trimethylbenzene), and benzene (20 and 100 ppm). Exposure was carried out using an air-liquid interface (ALI) system (Vitrocell) during 1 h/day for 1, 3, or 5 days. Cytotoxicity, xenobiotic metabolism enzyme gene expression, and inflammatory response were evaluated following cell exposures. BEAS-2B cell exposure to toluene and its homologues revealed the involvement of major (CYP2E1) and minor metabolic pathways (CYP1A1). A late induction of genes (EPHX1, DHDH, ALDH2, and ALDH3B1) was measured from Day 3 and can be linked to the formation of metabolites. An increase in the secretion level of inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and GM-CSF) was also observed. In parallel, regulation between inflammatory mediators and the expression of transmembrane glycoprotein mucin MUC1 was also studied. This in vitro approach with ALI system points out the relevance of conducting repeated exposures to detect potential late effects. The difference recorded after cell exposure to toluene and its homologues highlights the importance of substitution principle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Méausoone
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkirk, France
| | - Yann Landkocz
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkirk, France
| | - Fabrice Cazier
- Centre Commun de Mesures, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkirk, France
| | - Marianne Seigneur
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkirk, France
| | - Dominique Courcot
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkirk, France
| | - Sylvain Billet
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Dunkirk, France
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Pan D, Tang Y, Tong J, Xie C, Chen J, Feng C, Hwu P, Huang W, Zhou D. An antibody-drug conjugate targeting a GSTA glycosite-signature epitope of MUC1 expressed by non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Med 2020; 9:9529-9540. [PMID: 33084221 PMCID: PMC7774737 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibodies targeting aberrantly glycosylated proteins are ineffective in treating cancer. Antibody‐drug conjugates have emerged as effective alternatives, facilitating tumor‐specific drug delivery. Previous studies have assessed the aberrantly glycosylated tandem repeat region of MUC1 glycoprotein as three site‐specific glycosylated neoantigen peptide motifs (PDTR, GSTA, and GVTS) for binding with a monoclonal antibody. This study aimed to develop an antibody‐drug conjugate for cancer treatment based on monoclonal antibodies against the aforementioned three neoantigen peptide motifs. Internalization of monoclonal antibodies was assessed via immunofluorescence staining and colocalization with lysosomal markers in live cells. Antibody positivity in tumor and peritumoral tissue samples was assessed via immunohistochemistry. The efficacy of anti‐MUC1 ADCs was evaluated using various cancer cell lines and a mouse tumor xenograft model. An anti‐MUC1 ADC was synthesized by conjugating GSTA neoantigen‐specific 16A with monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), which displayed potent antitumoral efficacy with an IC50 ranging 0.2–49.4 nM toward various cancer cells. In vivo, 16A‐MMAE inhibited tumor growth in a dose‐dependent manner in a mouse xenograft model established using the NCI‐H838 NSCLC cell line, at a minimum effective dose of 1 mg/kg. At 3 mg/kg, 16A‐MMAE did not cause significant toxicity in a transgenic mouse expressing human MUC1. The high antitumoral efficacy of 16A‐MMAE suggests that aberrant glycosylated MUC1 neoantigen is a potential target for the development of ADCs for treating various cancers. Personalized therapy may be achieved through such glycosite‐specific ADCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng Pan
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yubo Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Tong
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengmei Xie
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaxi Chen
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunchao Feng
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Patrick Hwu
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dapeng Zhou
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center affiliated with Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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38
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Pourjafar M, Samadi P, Saidijam M. MUC1 antibody-based therapeutics: the promise of cancer immunotherapy. Immunotherapy 2020; 12:1269-1286. [PMID: 33019839 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2020-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody-based targeted therapies have been able to target cancers with enhanced specificity and high efficacy. In this regard, identifying cancer markers (antigens) that are only present (tumor-specific antigens) or have an increased expression (tumor-associated antigen) on the surface of cancer cells is a crucial step for targeted cancer treatment. Various cancer antigens have already been used for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. MUC1 is one of the most important tumor markers with high levels of expression in various solid tumors which makes it as a potential target for antibody-based therapies. This review discusses preclinical and clinical results from various platforms based on monoclonal antibodies, nanobodies as well as bispecific antibodies against MUC1. We also highlight unmet challenges that must be overcome to generate more effective cancer immunotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Pourjafar
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Pouria Samadi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Smart JA, Oleksak JE, Hartsough EJ. Cell Adhesion Molecules in Plasticity and Metastasis. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 19:25-37. [PMID: 33004622 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prior to metastasis, modern therapeutics and surgical intervention can provide a favorable long-term survival for patients diagnosed with many types of cancers. However, prognosis is poor for patients with metastasized disease. Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer, yet in situ and localized, thin melanomas can be biopsied with little to no postsurgical follow-up. However, patients with metastatic melanoma require significant clinical involvement and have a 5-year survival of only 34% to 52%, largely dependent on the site of colonization. Melanoma metastasis is a multi-step process requiring dynamic changes in cell surface proteins regulating adhesiveness to the extracellular matrix (ECM), stroma, and other cancer cells in varied tumor microenvironments. Here we will highlight recent literature to underscore how cell adhesion molecules (CAM) contribute to melanoma disease progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Smart
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Julia E Oleksak
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Professional Studies, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Edward J Hartsough
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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40
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Detappe A, Mathieu C, Jin C, Agius MP, Diringer MC, Tran VL, Pivot X, Lux F, Tillement O, Kufe D, Ghoroghchian PP. Anti-MUC1-C Antibody-Conjugated Nanoparticles Potentiate the Efficacy of Fractionated Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020; 108:1380-1389. [PMID: 32634545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.06.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Heavy-metal chelators and inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) have been examined as potential radioenhancers to increase the efficacy of external beam radiation therapy for various cancers. Most of these agents have, unfortunately, displayed relatively poor pharmacokinetic properties, which limit the percentage of injected dose (%ID/g) that localizes to tumors and which shorten the window for effective radiation enhancement due to rapid tumor washout. METHODS AND MATERIALS To address these challenges, we sought to conjugate gadolinium-based ultrasmall (<5 nm) NPs to an antibody directed against the oncogenic MUC1-C subunit that is overexpressed on the surface of many different human cancer types. The binding of the anti-MUC1-C antibody 3D1 to MUC1-C on the surface of a cancer cell is associated with its internalization and, thereby, to effective intracellular delivery of the antibody-associated payload, promoting its effective tumor retention. As such, we examined whether systemically administered anti-MUC1-C antibody-conjugated, gadolinium-based NPs (anti-MUC1-C/NPs) could accumulate within cell-line xenograft models of MUC1-C-expressing (H460) lung and (E0771) breast cancers to improve the efficacy of radiation therapy (XRT). RESULTS The %ID/g of anti-MUC1-C/NPs that accumulated within tumors was found to be similar to that of their unconjugated counterparts (6.6 ± 1.4 vs 5.9 ± 1.7 %ID/g, respectively). Importantly, the anti-MUC1-C/NPs demonstrated prolonged retention in in vivo tumor microenvironments; as a result, the radiation boost was maintained during the course of fractionated therapy (3 × 5.2 Gy). We found that by administering anti-MUC1-C/NPs with XRT, it was possible to significantly augment tumor growth inhibition and to prolong the animals' overall survival (46.2 ± 3.1 days) compared with the administration of control NPs with XRT (31.1 ± 2.4 days) or with XRT alone (27.3 ± 1.6 days; P < .01, log-rank). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that anti-MUC1-C/NPs could be used to enhance the effectiveness of radiation therapy and potentially to improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Detappe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Centre Paul Strauss, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Clélia Mathieu
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Caining Jin
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael P Agius
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Vu-Long Tran
- Institut Lumière-Matière, UMR 5306, Université Lyon1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Xavier Pivot
- Institut du Cancer Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Francois Lux
- Institut Lumière-Matière, UMR 5306, Université Lyon1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne Cedex, France; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Tillement
- Institut Lumière-Matière, UMR 5306, Université Lyon1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Donald Kufe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peter P Ghoroghchian
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Tafreshi NK, Morse DL, Lee MC. Narrowing the focus: Therapeutic cell surface targets for refractory triple-negative breast cancer. World J Clin Oncol 2020; 11:169-179. [PMID: 32355639 PMCID: PMC7186233 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v11.i4.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is defined as a type of breast cancer with lack of expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor 2 protein. In comparison to other types of breast cancer, TNBC characterizes for its aggressive behavior, more prone to early recurrence and a disease with poor response to molecular target therapy. Although TNBC is identified in only 25%-30% of American breast cancer cases annually, these tumors continue to be a therapeutic challenge for clinicians for several reasons: Tumor heterogeneity, limited and toxic systemic therapy options, and often resistance to current standard therapy, characterized by progressive disease on treatment, residual tumor after cytotoxic chemotherapy, and early recurrence after complete surgical excision. Cell-surface targeted therapies have been successful for breast cancer in general, however there are currently no approved cell-surface targeted therapies specifically indicated for TNBC. Recently, several cell-surface targets have been identified as candidates for treatment of TNBC and associated targeted therapies are in development. The purpose of this work is to review the current clinical challenges posed by TNBC, the therapeutic approaches currently in use, and provide an overview of developing cell surface targeting approaches to improve outcomes for treatment resistant TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges K Tafreshi
- Department of Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
- Division of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 FL, United States
| | - David L Morse
- Department of Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
- Division of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 FL, United States
| | - Marie Catherine Lee
- Division of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 FL, United States
- Comprehensive Breast Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
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Pichinuk E, Chalik M, Benhar I, Ginat-Koton R, Ziv R, Smorodinsky NI, Haran G, Garbar C, Bensussan A, Meeker A, Guillaume T, Rubinstein DB, Wreschner DH. In vivo anti-MUC1 + tumor activity and sequences of high-affinity anti-MUC1-SEA antibodies. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 69:1337-1352. [PMID: 32219500 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02547-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cleavage of the MUC1 glycoprotein yields two subunits, an extracellular alpha-subunit bound to a smaller transmembrane beta-subunit. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed against the MUC1 alpha-beta junction comprising the SEA domain, a stable cell-surface moiety, were generated. Sequencing of all seven anti-SEA domain mAbs showed that they clustered into four groups and sequences of all groups are presented here. mAb DMB5F3 with picomolar affinity for the MUC1 SEA target was selected for further evaluation. Immunohistochemical staining of a series of malignancies with DMB5F3 including lung, prostate, breast, colon, and pancreatic carcinomas revealed qualitative and qualitative differences between MUC1 expression on normal versus malignant cells: DMB5F3 strongly stained malignant cells in a near-circumferential pattern, whereas MUC1 in normal pancreatic and breast tissue showed only weak apical positivity of ductal/acinar cells. Humanized chimeric DMB5F3 linked to ZZ-PE38 (ZZ IgG-binding protein fused to Pseudomonas exotoxin) induced vigorous cytotoxicity of MUC1+ malignant cells in vitro. The intensity of cell killing correlated with the level of MUC1 expression by the target cell, suggesting a MUC1 expression threshold for cell killing. MUC1+ Colo357 pancreatic cancer cells xenotransplanted into nude and SCID mice models were treated with the chDMB5F3:ZZ-PE38 immunocomplex. In both transplant models, chDMB5F3:ZZ-PE38 exhibited significant in vivo anti-tumor activity, suppressing up to 90% of tumor volume in the SCID model compared with concomitant controls. The efficacy of chDMB5F3:ZZ-PE38 immunotoxin in mediating tumor killing both in vitro and in vivo strongly suggests a clinical role for anti-MUC1 SEA antibody in the treatment of MUC1-expressing malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Pichinuk
- BLAVATNIK CENTER for Drug Discovery, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Michael Chalik
- BLAVATNIK CENTER for Drug Discovery, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Itai Benhar
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Ravit Ginat-Koton
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Ravit Ziv
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Nechama I Smorodinsky
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Gabi Haran
- Gynecology-Oncology Division, Mayanei Hayeshua Medical Center, Bnei Brak, Israel
| | - Christian Garbar
- Department of Biopathology, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Institut Jean-Godinot, 51100, Reims, France
| | - Armand Bensussan
- INSERM U976, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S 976, Université Paris Diderot, 75475, Paris, France
| | - Alan Meeker
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Thierry Guillaume
- Division of Hematology, Hôtel-Dieu, University Hospital Nantes, Nantes, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - Daniel H Wreschner
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Ramat Aviv, Israel. .,BioModifying, LLC., Silver Spring, MD, 20902, USA.
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Bhatia R, Gautam SK, Cannon A, Thompson C, Hall BR, Aithal A, Banerjee K, Jain M, Solheim JC, Kumar S, Batra SK. Cancer-associated mucins: role in immune modulation and metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2020; 38:223-236. [PMID: 30618016 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-018-09775-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mucins (MUC) protect epithelial barriers from environmental insult to maintain homeostasis. However, their aberrant overexpression and glycosylation in various malignancies facilitate oncogenic events from inception to metastasis. Mucin-associated sialyl-Tn (sTn) antigens bind to various receptors present on the dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and natural killer (NK) cells, resulting in overall immunosuppression by either receptor masking or inhibition of cytolytic activity. MUC1-mediated interaction of tumor cells with innate immune cells hampers cross-presentation of processed antigens on MHC class I molecules. MUC1 and MUC16 bind siglecs and mask Toll-like receptors (TLRs), respectively, on DCs promoting an immature DC phenotype that in turn reduces T cell effector functions. Mucins, such as MUC1, MUC2, MUC4, and MUC16, interact with or form aggregates with neutrophils, macrophages, and platelets, conferring protection to cancer cells during hematological dissemination and facilitate their spread and colonization to the metastatic sites. On the contrary, poor glycosylation of MUC1 and MUC4 at the tandem repeat region (TR) generates cancer-specific immunodominant epitopes. The presence of MUC16 neo-antigen-specific T cell clones and anti-MUC1 antibodies in cancer patients suggests that mucins can serve as potential targets for developing cancer therapeutics. The present review summarizes the molecular events involved in mucin-mediated immunomodulation, and metastasis, as well as the utility of mucins as targets for cancer immunotherapy and radioimmunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Bhatia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Shailendra K Gautam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Andrew Cannon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Christopher Thompson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Bradley R Hall
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Abhijit Aithal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Kasturi Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Maneesh Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA.,Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Joyce C Solheim
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA. .,Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA. .,Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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Yasumizu Y, Rajabi H, Jin C, Hata T, Pitroda S, Long MD, Hagiwara M, Li W, Hu Q, Liu S, Yamashita N, Fushimi A, Kui L, Samur M, Yamamoto M, Zhang Y, Zhang N, Hong D, Maeda T, Kosaka T, Wong KK, Oya M, Kufe D. MUC1-C regulates lineage plasticity driving progression to neuroendocrine prostate cancer. Nat Commun 2020; 11:338. [PMID: 31953400 PMCID: PMC6969104 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14219-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is an aggressive malignancy with no effective targeted therapies. The oncogenic MUC1-C protein is overexpressed in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and NEPC, but its specific role is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that upregulation of MUC1-C in androgen-dependent PC cells suppresses androgen receptor (AR) axis signaling and induces the neural BRN2 transcription factor. MUC1-C activates a MYC→BRN2 pathway in association with induction of MYCN, EZH2 and NE differentiation markers (ASCL1, AURKA and SYP) linked to NEPC progression. Moreover, MUC1-C suppresses the p53 pathway, induces the Yamanaka pluripotency factors (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and MYC) and drives stemness. Targeting MUC1-C decreases PC self-renewal capacity and tumorigenicity, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for CRPC and NEPC. In PC tissues, MUC1 expression associates with suppression of AR signaling and increases in BRN2 expression and NEPC score. These results highlight MUC1-C as a master effector of lineage plasticity driving progression to NEPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yota Yasumizu
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hasan Rajabi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Caining Jin
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tsuyoshi Hata
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sean Pitroda
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mark D Long
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Masayuki Hagiwara
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qiang Hu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Nami Yamashita
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Atsushi Fushimi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ling Kui
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mehmet Samur
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Masaaki Yamamoto
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yan Zhang
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ning Zhang
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deli Hong
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Takahiro Maeda
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeo Kosaka
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kwok K Wong
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mototsugu Oya
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Donald Kufe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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45
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The long noncoding RNA MIR210HG promotes tumor metastasis by acting as a ceRNA of miR-1226-3p to regulate mucin-1c expression in invasive breast cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:5646-5665. [PMID: 31399552 PMCID: PMC6710038 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background: Long noncoding RNAs have been known to be involved in multiple types of malignancies, including invasive breast cancer (IBC). This study aimed to explore the role of long noncoding RNAs in IBC and elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms. Methods: Using TCGA microarray data analysis, we identified a long noncoding RNA, MIR210HG, highly expressed in IBC. Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test were used for survival analysis. The gain-of-function experiments were performed to assess the function of MIR210HG in IBC invasion and migration in both in vitro and in vivo settings. Bioinformatic analysis as well as luciferase reporter assay, rescue experiments and western blot assay revealed the mode of action of MIR210HG. Results: The aberrantly enhanced MiR210HG expression predicted poor prognosis and lower survival rate. Knockdown of MiR210HG suppressed IBC cell invasion and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. MiR-1226-3p was identified and validated to be the target miRNA of MiR210HG. Furthermore, MiR210HG functions as a competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) which sponges miR-1226-3p, therefore upregulates the expression of mucin1 (MUC1-C). Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that MiR210HG sponges miR-1226-3p to facilitate invasive breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis by regulating mucin-1c and EMT pathway, revealing the oncogenic role of MiR210HG in IBC cells.
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Hata T, Rajabi H, Yamamoto M, Jin C, Ahmad R, Zhang Y, Kui L, Li W, Yasumizu Y, Hong D, Miyo M, Hiraki M, Maeda T, Suzuki Y, Takahashi H, Samur M, Kufe D. Targeting MUC1-C Inhibits TWIST1 Signaling in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1744-1754. [PMID: 31308076 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The oncogenic MUC1-C protein and the TWIST1 epithelial-mesenchymal transition transcription factor (EMT-TF) are aberrantly expressed in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. However, there is no known association between MUC1-C and TWIST1 in TNBC or other cancer cells. Here, we show that MUC1-C activates STAT3, and that MUC1-C and pSTAT3 drive induction of the TWIST1 gene. In turn, MUC1-C binds directly to TWIST1, and MUC1-C/TWIST1 complexes activate MUC1-C expression in an autoinductive circuit. The functional significance of the MUC1-C/TWIST1 circuit is supported by the demonstration that this pathway is sufficient for driving (i) the EMT-TFs, ZEB1 and SNAIL, (ii) multiple genes in the EMT program as determined by RNA-seq, and (iii) the capacity for cell invasion. We also demonstrate that the MUC1-C/TWIST1 circuit drives (i) expression of the stem cell markers SOX2, BMI1, ALDH1, and CD44, (ii) self-renewal capacity, and (iii) tumorigenicity. In concert with these results, we show that MUC1-C and TWIST1 also drive EMT and stemness in association with acquired paclitaxel (PTX) resistance. Of potential therapeutic importance, targeting MUC1-C and thereby TWIST1 reverses the PTX refractory phenotype as evidenced by synergistic activity with PTX against drug-resistant cells. These findings uncover a master role for MUC1-C in driving the induction of TWIST1, EMT, stemness, and drug resistance, and support MUC1-C as a highly attractive target for inhibiting TNBC plasticity and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Hata
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hasan Rajabi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Masaaki Yamamoto
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Caining Jin
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rehan Ahmad
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yan Zhang
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ling Kui
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wei Li
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yota Yasumizu
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Deli Hong
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Masaaki Miyo
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Masayuki Hiraki
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Takahiro Maeda
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yozo Suzuki
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hidekazu Takahashi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mehmet Samur
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Donald Kufe
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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