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Patel M, Harris N, Kasztan M, Hyndman K. Comprehensive analysis of the endothelin system in the kidneys of mice, rats, and humans. Biosci Rep 2024; 44:BSR20240768. [PMID: 38904098 PMCID: PMC11249498 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20240768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The intrarenal endothelin (ET) system is an established moderator of kidney physiology and mechanistic contributor to the pathophysiology and progression of chronic kidney disease in humans and rodents. The aim of the present study was to characterize ET system by combining single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data with immunolocalization in human and rodent kidneys of both sexes. Using publicly available scRNA-seq data, we assessed sex and kidney disease status (human), age and sex (rats), and diurnal expression (mice) on the kidney ET system expression. In normal human biopsies of both sexes and in rodent kidney samples, the endothelin-converting enzyme-1 (ECE1) and ET-1 were prominent in the glomeruli and endothelium. These data agreed with the scRNA-seq data from these three species, with ECE1/Ece1 mRNA enriched in the endothelium. However, the EDN1/Edn1 gene (encodes ET-1) was rarely detected, even though it was immunolocalized within the kidneys, and plasma and urinary ET-1 excretion are easily measured. Within each species, there were some sex-specific differences. For example, in kidney biopsies from living donors, men had a greater glomerular endothelial cell endothelin receptor B (Ednrb) compared with women. In mice, females had greater kidney endothelial cell Ednrb than male mice. As commercially available antibodies did not work in all species, and RNA expression did not always correlate with protein levels, multiple approaches should be considered to maintain required rigor and reproducibility of the pre- and clinical studies evaluating the intrarenal ET system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margi Patel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, U.K
| | - Nicholas Harris
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, U.K
| | - Malgorzata Kasztan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, U.K
| | - Kelly A. Hyndman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology and Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, U.K
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Hu J, Zhu Z, Zhang Z, Hu H, Yang Q. Blockade of STARD3-mediated cholesterol transport alleviates diabetes-induced podocyte injury by reducing mitochondrial cholesterol accumulation. Life Sci 2024; 349:122722. [PMID: 38754814 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR)-related lipid transfer domain-3 (STARD3) is a sterol-binding protein that facilitates cholesterol transport between cellular organelles. Cholesterol accumulation in podocytes directly contributes to the pathogenesis of albuminuria and renal injury under the condition of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The aim of this study is to determine the role of STARD3 on the intracellular distribution of cholesterol within podocytes. METHODS In vivo and in vitro models of diabetes were performed. The protein levels of STARD3, Niemann-Pick disease type C1 (NPC1), and Niemann-Pick disease type C2 (NPC2) were respectively detected by western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. Filipin staining was used to evaluate the subcellular localization of cholesterol in podocytes. Mitochondrial damage was evaluated using JC-1 (CBIC2) and ROS (reactive oxygen species) assays. KEY FINDINGS Upregulation of STARD3 under diabetes and hyperglycemia increases cholesterol transport from the late endosomal/lysosomal (LE/LY) to mitochondria, leading to mitochondrial cholesterol accumulation and cell injury in podocytes. Conversely, downregulating STARD3 expression attenuated mitochondrial cholesterol accumulation, and improved mitochondrial homeostasis. SIGNIFICANCE STARD3 may govern intracellular cholesterol transport in podocytes, subsequently leading to regulation of mitochondrial metabolism. Therefore, targeting STARD3 emerges as a potential therapeutic strategy to mitigate diabetes-induced mitochondrial cholesterol accumulation and associated injury in podocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jijia Hu
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zijing Zhu
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zongwei Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongtu Hu
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Li Y, Wang Z, Xu H, Hong Y, Shi M, Hu B, Wang X, Ma S, Wang M, Cao C, Zhu H, Hu D, Xu C, Lin Y, Xu G, Yao Y, Zeng R. Targeting the transmembrane cytokine co-receptor neuropilin-1 in distal tubules improves renal injury and fibrosis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5731. [PMID: 38977708 PMCID: PMC11231174 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50121-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 (NRP1), a co-receptor for various cytokines, including TGF-β, has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for fibrosis. However, its role and mechanism in renal fibrosis remains elusive. Here, we show that NRP1 is upregulated in distal tubular (DT) cells of patients with transplant renal insufficiency and mice with renal ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury. Knockout of Nrp1 reduces multiple endpoints of renal injury and fibrosis. We find that Nrp1 facilitates the binding of TNF-α to its receptor in DT cells after renal injury. This signaling results in a downregulation of lysine crotonylation of the metabolic enzyme Cox4i1, decreases cellular energetics and exacerbation of renal injury. Furthermore, by single-cell RNA-sequencing we find that Nrp1-positive DT cells secrete collagen and communicate with myofibroblasts, exacerbating acute kidney injury (AKI)-induced renal fibrosis by activating Smad3. Dual genetic deletion of Nrp1 and Tgfbr1 in DT cells better improves renal injury and fibrosis than either single knockout. Together, these results reveal that targeting of NRP1 represents a promising strategy for the treatment of AKI and subsequent chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinzheng Li
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Huzi Xu
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yu Hong
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Mengxia Shi
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiuru Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Shulin Ma
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chujin Cao
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Han Zhu
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Danni Hu
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yanping Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Ying Yao
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Department of Nutrition, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Rui Zeng
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Ge M, Molina J, Tamayo I, Zhang G, Kim JJ, Njeim R, Fontanesi F, Pieper MP, Merscher S, Sharma K, Fornoni A. Metabolic Analysis and Renal Protective Effects of Linagliptin and Empagliflozin in Alport Syndrome. KIDNEY360 2024; 5:1002-1011. [PMID: 38781016 PMCID: PMC11296534 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0000000000000472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Key Points Linagliptin reduces kidney function decline and extends lifespan in Alport syndrome mice. Inhibiting the generation of glucose metabolites could serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of Alport syndrome. Background We previously demonstrated that empagliflozin (Empa), a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor, reduces intrarenal lipid accumulation and slows kidney function decline in experimental Alport syndrome (AS). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the renal protective benefits of linagliptin (Lina), a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor in AS, and compare it with Empa. Methods Metabolite distribution in kidney cortices was assessed using mass spectrometry imaging. We examined albuminuria and histological changes in kidneys from AS mice treated with Lina and/or Empa or vehicle. Results Several metabolites, including adrenic acid and glucose, were increased in renal cortices of AS mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice, whereas eicosapentaenoic acid levels were decreased. In addition, a redistribution of adrenic acid from the glomerular compartment in WT mice to the tubulointerstitial compartment in AS mice was observed. Both Lina and Empa treatments were found to reduce albuminuria to extend the survival of AS mice for about 10 days and to decrease glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis compared with WT mice. There were no significant differences with regard to the renal phenotype observed between Empa- and Lina-treated AS mice, and the combination of Lina and Empa was not superior to individual treatments. In vitro experiments revealed that dipeptidyl peptidase-4 is expressed in podocytes and tubular cells derived from both AS and WT mice. Differently from what we have reported for Empa, Lina treatment was found to reduce glucose-driven respiration in AS tubular cells but not in AS podocytes. Conclusions Renal expression patterns and spatial distribution of several metabolites differ in AS compared with WT mice. Although Lina and Empa treatments similarly partially slow the progression of kidney disease in AS, the metabolic mechanisms conferring the protective effect may be different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Ge
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Judith Molina
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Ian Tamayo
- Center for Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Guanshi Zhang
- Center for Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Jin-Ju Kim
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Rachel Njeim
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Flavia Fontanesi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Michael Paul Pieper
- Cardiometabolic Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Sandra Merscher
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Kumar Sharma
- Center for Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Alessia Fornoni
- Katz Family Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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Xie J, Zhu L, Yang X, Yu F, Fan B, Wu Y, Zhou Z, Lin W, Yang Y. Combination of theoretical analysis and experiments: Exploring the role of PLA2G7 in human cancers, including renal cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27906. [PMID: 38509948 PMCID: PMC10950723 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The pivotal role of phospholipase A2 group VII (PLA2G7) has been identified in specific human cancers, such as prostate cancer, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, and melanoma. Given PLA2G7's significant involvement in established tumors, exploring its role in other cancers is highly relevant. Methods In this study, we acquired and analyzed data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, the UCSC XENA website, and other online platforms including Gene Set Cancer Analysis, cBioPortal, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource, and TISIDB to investigate PLA2G7's role in human cancers, including renal cancer. Furthermore, in vitro experiments, including immunofluorescence, western blotting, and CCK-8 assays, were conducted to elucidate PLA2G7's role in renal cancer. Finally, the relationship between PLA2G7 and various drug sensitivity was explored. Results Our findings demonstrate that PLA2G7 is highly expressed and may serve as a valuable candidate biomarker in pan-cancer. PLA2G7 exhibits distinct alteration frequencies across human cancers and is correlated with tumor mutation burden, tumor microenvironment, DNA stemness score, RNA stemness score, tumorigenesis, tumor immunity, and microsatellite instability in pan-cancer. Immunofluorescence and western blotting revealed a relative high level of PLA2G7 protein in renal cancer cell lines (ACHN and 786-O), predominantly localized in the cytoplasm. Treatment with a PLA2G7 gene inhibitor (darapladib) significantly decreased the viability of ACHN and 786-O cell lines. Additionally, we observed an association between PLA2G7 mRNA levels and various drug sensitivity. Conclusions Our study suggests that PLA2G7 has the potential to serve as a valuable biomarker and therapeutic target for cancer, particularly in the context of renal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Center for Regeneration and Aging Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Center for Regeneration and Aging Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, China
| | - Xutao Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Center for Regeneration and Aging Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, China
| | - Fengfei Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Center for Regeneration and Aging Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, China
| | - Bingfu Fan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yibo Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zonglang Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, China
| | - Weiqiang Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Center for Regeneration and Aging Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Center for Regeneration and Aging Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, China
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Lu Y, Zhao D, Liu M, Cao G, Liu C, Yin S, Song R, Ma J, Sun R, Wu Z, Liu J, Wang Y. Gongying-Jiedu-Xiji recipe promotes the healing of venous ulcers by inhibiting ferroptosis via the CoQ-FSP1 axis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1291099. [PMID: 38161691 PMCID: PMC10755008 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1291099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: Gongying-Jiedu-Xiji recipe (DDL, batch number Z01080175) reduces body temperature, detoxifies, activates the blood circulation, reduces swelling, and dispels decay and pus. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of action by which DDL functions in the treatment of venous ulcers (VUs). Methods: Normal tissues as well as VU tissues before and after DDL treatment were collected from nine VU patients in the hospital with ethical approval. These three tissues were subjected to Prussian blue iron staining, immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and quantitative real-time PCR to detect the expression of ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1), coenzyme Q (CoQ), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). After successful validation of the heme-induced human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) ferroptosis model, lyophilized DDL powder was added to the cells, and the cells were subjected to viability assays, immunoblotting, flow cytometry, glutathione (GSH) and malonaldehyde (MDA) assays, electron microscopy and qPCR assays. Results: Ferroptosis in VU tissues was stronger than that in normal tissues, and ferroptosis in VU tissues after DDL treatment was weaker than that before treatment. Inhibition of CoQ and FSP1 and transfection of FSP1 influenced the effects of DDL. Conclusion: Our results suggest that DDL may promote healing by attenuating ferroptosis in VUs and that DDL may promote VU healing by modulating the CoQ-FSP1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongpan Lu
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Dejie Zhao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guoqi Cao
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Siyuan Yin
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Ru Song
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiaxu Ma
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenjie Wu
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yibing Wang
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Tissue Engineering Skin Regeneration and Wound Repair, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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Li J, Li L, Zhang Z, Chen P, Shu H, Yang C, Chu Y, Liu J. Ferroptosis: an important player in the inflammatory response in diabetic nephropathy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1294317. [PMID: 38111578 PMCID: PMC10725962 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1294317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects millions of diabetic patients worldwide. The key to treating of DN is early diagnosis and prevention. Once the patient enters the clinical proteinuria stage, renal damage is difficult to reverse. Therefore, developing early treatment methods is critical. DN pathogenesis results from various factors, among which the immune response and inflammation play major roles. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered type of programmed cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and excessive ROS production. Recent studies have demonstrated that inflammation activation is closely related to the occurrence and development of ferroptosis. Moreover, hyperglycemia induces iron overload, lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, inflammation, and renal fibrosis, all of which are related to DN pathogenesis, indicating that ferroptosis plays a key role in the development of DN. Therefore, this review focuses on the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis, and the mutual regulatory processes involved in the occurrence and development of DN and inflammation. By discussing and analyzing the relationship between ferroptosis and inflammation in the occurrence and development of DN, we can deepen our understanding of DN pathogenesis and develop new therapeutics targeting ferroptosis or inflammation-related regulatory mechanisms for patients with DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Li
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Luxin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
- School of First Clinical Medical College, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Peijian Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Haiying Shu
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Can Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Yanhui Chu
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Jieting Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anti-Fibrosis Biotherapy, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
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8
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Li Y, Fan J, Zhu W, Niu Y, Wu M, Zhang A. Therapeutic Potential Targeting Podocyte Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis. KIDNEY DISEASES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 9:254-264. [PMID: 37900001 PMCID: PMC10601935 DOI: 10.1159/000530344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Background Podocytes are essential components of the glomerular filtration barrier and essential for the proper filtration function of the glomerulus. Podocyte injury under various stress conditions is the primary pathogenesis and key determinant of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) with prominent clinical manifestations of proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome. Summary Under physiological conditions, a highly coordinated mitochondrial quality control system, including antioxidant defenses, mitochondrial dynamics (fusion, fission, and mitophagy), and mitochondrial biogenesis, guarantees the sophisticated structure and various functions of podocytes. However, under FSGS pathological conditions, mitochondria encounter oxidative stress, dynamics disturbances, and defective mitochondrial biogenesis. Moreover, mutations in mitochondrial DNA and mitochondria-related genes are also strongly associated with FSGS. Based on these pieces of evidence, bioactive agents that function to relieve mitochondrial oxidative stress and promote mitochondrial biogenesis have been proven effective in preclinical FSGS models. Targeting the mitochondrial network is expected to provide new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of FSGS and delay its progression to end-stage renal disease. Key Messages Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role in podocyte injury and FSGS progression. This review summarized recent advances in the study of mitochondrial homeostatic imbalance and dysfunction in FSGS and discussed the potential of mitochondria-targeted therapeutics in improving FSGS and retarding its progression to end-stage renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Li
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaojiao Fan
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenping Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujia Niu
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengqiu Wu
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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9
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Cai X, Wu Y, Wan Q, Zhang X. Minimal change disease associated with thyroid cancer: a case report. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1132259. [PMID: 37234240 PMCID: PMC10205983 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1132259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A patient complaining of edema of the face and lower extremities was admitted to the nephrology department for nephrotic syndrome. Renal biopsy revealed findings of minimal change disease (MCD). Thyroid ultrasound showed a hypoechoic 16 × 13 mm nodule in the right lobe, suspicious of malignancy. Later, total thyroidectomy confirmed the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). After surgery, MCD remitted rapidly and completely, strongly suggesting the diagnosis of MCD secondary to PTC. We report here the first adult case of the paraneoplastic finding of MCD secondary to PTC. Additionally, we discuss the possible role of the BRAF gene in the pathophysiology of PTC-associated MCD in this case and highlight the importance of tumor screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Cai
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Yuenv Wu
- École Doctorale Interdisciplinaire Sciences-Santé, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Qijun Wan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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10
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Wieder N, Fried JC, Kim C, Sidhom EH, Brown MR, Marshall JL, Arevalo C, Dvela-Levitt M, Kost-Alimova M, Sieber J, Gabriel KR, Pacheco J, Clish C, Abbasi HS, Singh S, Rutter JC, Therrien M, Yoon H, Lai ZW, Baublis A, Subramanian R, Devkota R, Small J, Sreekanth V, Han M, Lim D, Carpenter AE, Flannick J, Finucane H, Haigis MC, Claussnitzer M, Sheu E, Stevens B, Wagner BK, Choudhary A, Shaw JL, Pablo JL, Greka A. FALCON systematically interrogates free fatty acid biology and identifies a novel mediator of lipotoxicity. Cell Metab 2023; 35:887-905.e11. [PMID: 37075753 PMCID: PMC10257950 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Cellular exposure to free fatty acids (FFAs) is implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity-associated diseases. However, there are no scalable approaches to comprehensively assess the diverse FFAs circulating in human plasma. Furthermore, assessing how FFA-mediated processes interact with genetic risk for disease remains elusive. Here, we report the design and implementation of fatty acid library for comprehensive ontologies (FALCON), an unbiased, scalable, and multimodal interrogation of 61 structurally diverse FFAs. We identified a subset of lipotoxic monounsaturated fatty acids associated with decreased membrane fluidity. Furthermore, we prioritized genes that reflect the combined effects of harmful FFA exposure and genetic risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D). We found that c-MAF-inducing protein (CMIP) protects cells from FFA exposure by modulating Akt signaling. In sum, FALCON empowers the study of fundamental FFA biology and offers an integrative approach to identify much needed targets for diverse diseases associated with disordered FFA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Wieder
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Juliana Coraor Fried
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Choah Kim
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eriene-Heidi Sidhom
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthew R Brown
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Carlos Arevalo
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Moran Dvela-Levitt
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | | | - Jonas Sieber
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Systems, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | - Julian Pacheco
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Clary Clish
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Shantanu Singh
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Justine C Rutter
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Haejin Yoon
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center for Cancer Research at Harvard, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zon Weng Lai
- Harvard Chan Advanced Multiomics Platform, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aaron Baublis
- Harvard Chan Advanced Multiomics Platform, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Renuka Subramanian
- Laboratory for Surgical and Metabolic Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ranjan Devkota
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jonnell Small
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Vedagopuram Sreekanth
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Divisions of Renal Medicine and Engineering, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Myeonghoon Han
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Donghyun Lim
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Jason Flannick
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hilary Finucane
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Mass General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Marcia C Haigis
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center for Cancer Research at Harvard, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Melina Claussnitzer
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Metabolism Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Eric Sheu
- Laboratory for Surgical and Metabolic Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Beth Stevens
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Boston Children's Hospital, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bridget K Wagner
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Amit Choudhary
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Divisions of Renal Medicine and Engineering, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jillian L Shaw
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Anna Greka
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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11
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Chen Y, Fang ZM, Yi X, Wei X, Jiang DS. The interaction between ferroptosis and inflammatory signaling pathways. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:205. [PMID: 36944609 PMCID: PMC10030804 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05716-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent regulated cell death driven by excessive lipid peroxidation. Inflammation is one common and effective physiological event that protects against various stimuli to maintain tissue homeostasis. However, the dysregulation of inflammatory responses can cause imbalance of the immune system, cell dysfunction and death. Recent studies have pointed out that activation of inflammation, including the activation of multiple inflammation-related signaling pathways, can lead to ferroptosis. Among the related signal transduction pathways, we focused on five classical inflammatory pathways, namely, the JAK-STAT, NF-κB, inflammasome, cGAS-STING and MAPK signaling pathways, and expounded on their roles in ferroptosis. To date, many agents have shown therapeutic effects on ferroptosis-related diseases by modulating the aforementioned pathways in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the regulatory effects of these pathways on iron metabolism and lipid peroxidation have been described in detail, contributing to further understanding of the pathophysiological process of ferroptosis. Taken together, targeting these pathways related to inflammation will provide appropriate ways to intervene ferroptosis and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ze-Min Fang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Yi
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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12
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Zhang H, Zhang J, Li J, Mao Z, Qian J, Zong C, Sun H, Yuan B. Multi-Omics Analyses Reveal the Mechanisms of Early Stage Kidney Toxicity by Diquat. TOXICS 2023; 11:184. [PMID: 36851058 PMCID: PMC9966843 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11020184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Diquat (DQ), a widely used bipyridyl herbicide, is associated with significantly higher rates of kidney injuries compared to other pesticides. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. In this study, we identified the molecular changes in the early stage of DQ-induced kidney damage in a mouse model through transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic analyses. We identified 869 genes, 351 proteins and 96 metabolites that were differentially expressed in the DQ-treated mice relative to the control mice (p < 0.05), and showed significant enrichment in the PPAR signaling pathway and fatty acid metabolism. Hmgcs2, Cyp4a10, Cyp4a14 and Lpl were identified as the major proteins/genes associated with DQ-induced kidney damage. In addition, eicosapentaenoic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid and (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid were the major metabolites related to DQ-induced kidney injury. Overall, the multi-omics analysis showed that DQ-induced kidney damage is associated with dysregulation of the PPAR signaling pathway, and an aberrant increase in Hmgcs2 expression and 3-hydroxybutyric acid levels. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular basis of DQ-induced early kidney damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huazhong Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
- Institute of Poisoning, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
- Institute of Poisoning, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Jinquan Li
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
- Institute of Poisoning, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Zhengsheng Mao
- Institute of Poisoning, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Jian Qian
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Cheng Zong
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
- Institute of Poisoning, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Beilei Yuan
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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13
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Zuzda K, Grycuk W, Małyszko J, Małyszko J. Kidney and lipids: novel potential therapeutic targets for dyslipidemia in kidney disease? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:995-1009. [PMID: 36548906 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2161887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Altered lipid distribution and metabolism may lead to the development and/or progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for CKD and increases the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. Therefore, lipid-lowering treatments may decrease cardiovascular risk and prevent death. AREAS COVERED Key players involved in regulating lipid accumulation in the kidney; contribution of lipids to CKD progression, lipotoxicity, and mitochondrial dysfunction in kidney disease; recent therapeutic approaches for dyslipidemia. EXPERT OPINION The precise mechanisms for regulating lipid metabolism, particularly in kidney disease, are poorly understood. Guidelines for lipid-lowering therapy for CKD are controversial. Several hypolipemic therapies are available, but compared to others, statin therapy is the most common. No clinical trial has evaluated the efficacy of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors (PCSK9i) in preventing cardiovascular events or improving kidney function among patients with CKD or kidney transplant recipients. Attractive alternatives, such as PCSK9-small interfering RNA (siRNA) molecules or evinacumab are available. Additionally, several promising agents, such as cyclodextrins and the FXR/TGR5 dual agonist, INT-767, can improve renal lipid metabolism disorders and delay CKD progression. Drugs targeting mitochondrial dysfunction could be an option for the treatment of dyslipidemia and lipotoxicity, particularly in renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Zuzda
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Grycuk
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jacek Małyszko
- 1st Department of Nephrology and Transplantology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jolanta Małyszko
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Bialystok, Poland
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14
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Lausecker F, Koehler S, Fresquet M, Naylor RW, Tian P, Wanner N, Braun F, Butt L, Huber TB, Lennon R. Integrating basic science with translational research: the 13th International Podocyte Conference 2021. Kidney Int 2022; 102:708-719. [PMID: 35964799 PMCID: PMC9386279 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The 13th International Podocyte Conference was held in Manchester, UK, and online from July 28 to 30, 2021. Originally planned for 2020, this biannual meeting was postponed by a year because of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and proceeded as an innovative hybrid meeting. In addition to in-person attendance, online registration was offered, and this attracted 490 conference registrations in total. As a Podocyte Conference first, a day for early-career researchers was introduced. This premeeting included talks from graduate students and postdoctoral researchers. It gave early career researchers the opportunity to ask a panel, comprising academic leaders and journal editors, about career pathways and the future for podocyte research. The main meeting over 3 days included a keynote talk and 4 focused sessions each day incorporating invited talks, followed by selected abstract presentations, and an open panel discussion. The conference concluded with a Patient Day, which brought together patients, clinicians, researchers, and industry representatives. The Patient Day was an interactive and diverse day. As well as updates on improving diagnosis and potential new therapies, the Patient Day included a PodoArt competition, exercise and cooking classes with practical nutrition advice, and inspirational stories from patients and family members. This review summarizes the exciting science presented during the 13th International Podocyte Conference and demonstrates the resilience of researchers during a global pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Lausecker
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Sybille Koehler
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maryline Fresquet
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Richard W Naylor
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Pinyuan Tian
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Nicola Wanner
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Braun
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Linus Butt
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tobias B Huber
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Rachel Lennon
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK; Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.
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15
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Liu W, Gao Y, Zhou Y, Yu F, Li X, Zhang N. Mechanism of Cordyceps sinensis and its Extracts in the Treatment of Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:881835. [PMID: 35645822 PMCID: PMC9136174 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.881835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the major reason of chronic kidney disease (CKD)-caused end-stage renal failure (ESRF), and leads to high mortality worldwide. At present, the treatment of DKD is mainly focused on controlling the hyperglycemia, proteinuria, and hypertension, but is insufficient on the effective delay of DKD progression. Cordyceps sinensis is a kind of wild-used precious Chinese herb. Its extracts have effects of nephroprotection, hepatoprotection, neuroprotection, and protection against ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury, as well as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, Cordyceps sinensis can tonify the lung and the kidney. Several Chinese patent medicines produced from Cordyceps sinensis are often used to treat DKD and achieved considerable efficacy. This review summarized the clinical usage of Cordyceps sinensis, as well as its mainly biological activities including anti-hyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-oxidant, anti-fibrotic activities and regulation of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Liu
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiwei Gao
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Graduate Student, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fangning Yu
- Department of Graduate Student, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ning Zhang,
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16
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Kasuno K, Yodoi J, Iwano M. Urinary Thioredoxin as a Biomarker of Renal Redox Dysregulation and a Companion Diagnostic to Identify Responders to Redox-Modulating Therapeutics. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:1051-1065. [PMID: 34541903 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: The development and progression of renal diseases, including acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), are the result of heterogeneous pathophysiology that reflects a range of environmental factors and, in a lesser extent, genetic mutations. The pathophysiology specific to most kidney diseases is not currently identified; therefore, these diseases are diagnosed based on non-pathological factors. For that reason, pathophysiology-based companion diagnostics for selection of pathophysiology-targeted treatments have not been available, which impedes personalized medicine in kidney disease. Recent Advances: Pathophysiology-targeted therapeutic agents are now being developed for the treatment of redox dysregulation. Redox modulation therapeutics, including bardoxolone methyl, suppresses the onset and progression of AKI and CKD. On the other hand, pathophysiology-targeted diagnostics for renal redox dysregulation are also being developed. Urinary thioredoxin (TXN) is a biomarker that can be used to diagnose tubular redox dysregulation. AKI causes oxidation and urinary excretion of TXN, which depletes TXN from the tubules, resulting in tubular redox dysregulation. Urinary TXN is selectively elevated at the onset of AKI and correlates with the progression of CKD in diabetic nephropathy. Critical Issues: Diagnostic methods should provide information about molecular mechanisms that aid in the selection of appropriate therapies to improve the prognosis of kidney disease. Future Directions: A specific diagnostic method enabling detection of redox dysregulation based on pathological molecular mechanisms is much needed and could provide the first step toward personalized medicine in kidney disease. Urinary TXN is a candidate for a companion diagnostic method to identify responders to redox-modulating therapeutics. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 1051-1065.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kasuno
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.,Life Science Innovation Center, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Junji Yodoi
- Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Japan Biostress Research Promotion Alliance (JBPA), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masayuki Iwano
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
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17
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Marshall JL, Noel T, Wang QS, Chen H, Murray E, Subramanian A, Vernon KA, Bazua-Valenti S, Liguori K, Keller K, Stickels RR, McBean B, Heneghan RM, Weins A, Macosko EZ, Chen F, Greka A. High-resolution Slide-seqV2 spatial transcriptomics enables discovery of disease-specific cell neighborhoods and pathways. iScience 2022; 25:104097. [PMID: 35372810 PMCID: PMC8971939 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High-resolution spatial transcriptomics enables mapping of RNA expression directly from intact tissue sections; however, its utility for the elucidation of disease processes and therapeutically actionable pathways remains unexplored. We applied Slide-seqV2 to mouse and human kidneys, in healthy and distinct disease paradigms. First, we established the feasibility of Slide-seqV2 in tissue from nine distinct human kidneys, which revealed a cell neighborhood centered around a population of LYVE1+ macrophages. Second, in a mouse model of diabetic kidney disease, we detected changes in the cellular organization of the spatially restricted kidney filter and blood-flow-regulating apparatus. Third, in a mouse model of a toxic proteinopathy, we identified previously unknown, disease-specific cell neighborhoods centered around macrophages. In a spatially restricted subpopulation of epithelial cells, we discovered perturbations in 77 genes associated with the unfolded protein response. Our studies illustrate and experimentally validate the utility of Slide-seqV2 for the discovery of disease-specific cell neighborhoods. A cell neighborhood around LYVE1+ macrophages was discovered in human kidneys The blood pressure regulating apparatus was re-organized in a diabetic mouse model Cell neighborhoods around Trem2+ macrophages were found in a model of proteinopathy A 77 gene signature associated with the UPR was defined in a model of proteinopathy
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18
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Patel J, Torrealba JR, Poggio ED, Bebiak J, Alpers CE, Grewenow SM, Toto RD, Eadon MT. Molecular Signatures of Diabetic Kidney Disease Hiding in a Patient with Hypertension-Related Kidney Disease: A Clinical Pathologic Molecular Correlation. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2022; 17:594-601. [PMID: 34911732 PMCID: PMC8993486 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.10350721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The Kidney Precision Medicine Project (KPMP) seeks to establish a molecular atlas of the kidney in health and disease and improve our understanding of the molecular drivers of CKD and AKI. Herein, we describe the case of a 66-year-old woman with CKD who underwent a protocol KPMP kidney biopsy. Her clinical history included well-controlled diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and proteinuria. The patient's histopathology was consistent with modest hypertension-related kidney injury, without overt diabetic kidney disease. Transcriptomic signatures of the glomerulus, interstitium, and tubular subsegments were obtained from laser microdissected tissue. The molecular signatures that were uncovered revealed evidence of early diabetic kidney disease adaptation and ongoing active tubular injury with enriched pathways related to mesangial cell hypertrophy, glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, and apoptosis. Molecular evidence of diabetic kidney disease was found across the nephron. Novel molecular assays can supplement and enrich the histopathologic diagnosis obtained from a kidney biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiten Patel
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas
| | - Jose R. Torrealba
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas
| | - Emilio D. Poggio
- Department of Nephrology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jack Bebiak
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Charles E. Alpers
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stephanie M. Grewenow
- Kidney Research Institute and Division of Nephrology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Robert D. Toto
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas
| | - Michael T. Eadon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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19
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Audzeyenka I, Bierżyńska A, Lay AC. Podocyte Bioenergetics in the Development of Diabetic Nephropathy: The Role of Mitochondria. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6429716. [PMID: 34791124 PMCID: PMC8660556 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of kidney failure, with an increasing incidence worldwide. Mitochondrial dysfunction is known to occur in DN and has been implicated in the underlying pathogenesis of disease. These complex organelles have an array of important cellular functions and involvement in signaling pathways, and understanding the intricacies of these responses in health, as well as how they are damaged in disease, is likely to highlight novel therapeutic avenues. A key cell type damaged early in DN is the podocyte, and increasing studies have focused on investigating the role of mitochondria in podocyte injury. This review will summarize what is known about podocyte mitochondrial dynamics in DN, with a particular focus on bioenergetic pathways, highlighting key studies in this field and potential opportunities to target, enhance or protect podocyte mitochondrial function in the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Audzeyenka
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Gdańsk, Poland
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- Correspondence: Irena Audzeyenka, PhD, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Nephrology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wita Stwosza St. 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Bierżyńska
- Bristol Renal, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Abigail C Lay
- Bristol Renal, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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20
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González-García P, Barriocanal-Casado E, Díaz-Casado ME, López-Herrador S, Hidalgo-Gutiérrez A, López LC. Animal Models of Coenzyme Q Deficiency: Mechanistic and Translational Learnings. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111687. [PMID: 34829558 PMCID: PMC8614664 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a vital lipophilic molecule that is endogenously synthesized in the mitochondria of each cell. The CoQ biosynthetic pathway is complex and not completely characterized, and it involves at least thirteen catalytic and regulatory proteins. Once it is synthesized, CoQ exerts a wide variety of mitochondrial and extramitochondrial functions thank to its redox capacity and its lipophilicity. Thus, low levels of CoQ cause diseases with heterogeneous clinical symptoms, which are not always understood. The decreased levels of CoQ may be primary caused by defects in the CoQ biosynthetic pathway or secondarily associated with other diseases. In both cases, the pathomechanisms are related to the CoQ functions, although further experimental evidence is required to establish this association. The conventional treatment for CoQ deficiencies is the high doses of oral CoQ10 supplementation, but this therapy is not effective for some specific clinical presentations, especially in those involving the nervous system. To better understand the CoQ biosynthetic pathway, the biological functions linked to CoQ and the pathomechanisms of CoQ deficiencies, and to improve the therapeutic outcomes of this syndrome, a variety of animal models have been generated and characterized in the last decade. In this review, we show all the animal models available, remarking on the most important outcomes that each model has provided. Finally, we also comment some gaps and future research directions related to CoQ metabolism and how the current and novel animal models may help in the development of future research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar González-García
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (E.B.-C.); (M.E.D.-C.); (S.L.-H.); (A.H.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.G.-G.); (L.C.L.)
| | - Eliana Barriocanal-Casado
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (E.B.-C.); (M.E.D.-C.); (S.L.-H.); (A.H.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - María Elena Díaz-Casado
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (E.B.-C.); (M.E.D.-C.); (S.L.-H.); (A.H.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Sergio López-Herrador
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (E.B.-C.); (M.E.D.-C.); (S.L.-H.); (A.H.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Agustín Hidalgo-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (E.B.-C.); (M.E.D.-C.); (S.L.-H.); (A.H.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Luis C. López
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (E.B.-C.); (M.E.D.-C.); (S.L.-H.); (A.H.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.G.-G.); (L.C.L.)
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21
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Yoon H, Shaw JL, Haigis MC, Greka A. Lipid metabolism in sickness and in health: Emerging regulators of lipotoxicity. Mol Cell 2021; 81:3708-3730. [PMID: 34547235 PMCID: PMC8620413 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lipids play crucial roles in signal transduction, contribute to the structural integrity of cellular membranes, and regulate energy metabolism. Questions remain as to which lipid species maintain metabolic homeostasis and which disrupt essential cellular functions, leading to metabolic disorders. Here, we discuss recent advances in understanding lipid metabolism with a focus on catabolism, synthesis, and signaling. Technical advances, including functional genomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, lipid-protein interaction maps, and advances in mass spectrometry, have uncovered new ways to prioritize molecular mechanisms mediating lipid function. By reviewing what is known about the distinct effects of specific lipid species in physiological pathways, we provide a framework for understanding newly identified targets regulating lipid homeostasis with implications for ameliorating metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haejin Yoon
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Ludwig Center for Cancer Research at Harvard, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jillian L Shaw
- Kidney Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Marcia C Haigis
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Ludwig Center for Cancer Research at Harvard, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Anna Greka
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Kidney Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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22
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Deleersnijder D, Callemeyn J, Arijs I, Naesens M, Van Craenenbroeck AH, Lambrechts D, Sprangers B. Current Methodological Challenges of Single-Cell and Single-Nucleus RNA-Sequencing in Glomerular Diseases. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:1838-1852. [PMID: 34140401 PMCID: PMC8455274 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2021020157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-nucleus RNA-seq (snRNA-seq) allow transcriptomic profiling of thousands of cells from a renal biopsy specimen at a single-cell resolution. Both methods are promising tools to unravel the underlying pathophysiology of glomerular diseases. This review provides an overview of the technical challenges that should be addressed when designing single-cell transcriptomics experiments that focus on glomerulopathies. The isolation of glomerular cells from core needle biopsy specimens for single-cell transcriptomics remains difficult and depends upon five major factors. First, core needle biopsies generate little tissue material, and several samples are required to identify glomerular cells. Second, both fresh and frozen tissue samples may yield glomerular cells, although every experimental pipeline has different (dis)advantages. Third, enrichment for glomerular cells in human tissue before single-cell analysis is challenging because no effective standardized pipelines are available. Fourth, the current warm cell-dissociation protocols may damage glomerular cells and induce transcriptional artifacts, which can be minimized by using cold dissociation techniques at the cost of less efficient cell dissociation. Finally, snRNA-seq methods may be superior to scRNA-seq in isolating glomerular cells; however, the efficacy of snRNA-seq on core needle biopsy specimens remains to be proven. The field of single-cell omics is rapidly evolving, and the integration of these techniques in multiomics assays will undoubtedly create new insights in the complex pathophysiology of glomerular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dries Deleersnijder
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Division of Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jasper Callemeyn
- Division of Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ingrid Arijs
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Naesens
- Division of Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Amaryllis H. Van Craenenbroeck
- Division of Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ben Sprangers
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Division of Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Correspondence: Prof. Ben Sprangers, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology (Rega Institute), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium.
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23
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Daehn IS, Duffield JS. The glomerular filtration barrier: a structural target for novel kidney therapies. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021; 20:770-788. [PMID: 34262140 PMCID: PMC8278373 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-021-00242-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Loss of normal kidney function affects more than 10% of the population and contributes to morbidity and mortality. Kidney diseases are currently treated with immunosuppressive agents, antihypertensives and diuretics with partial but limited success. Most kidney disease is characterized by breakdown of the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB). Specialized podocyte cells maintain the GFB, and structure-function experiments and studies of intercellular communication between the podocytes and other GFB cells, combined with advances from genetics and genomics, have laid the groundwork for a new generation of therapies that directly intervene at the GFB. These include inhibitors of apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1), short transient receptor potential channels (TRPCs), soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFLT1; also known as soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1), roundabout homologue 2 (ROBO2), endothelin receptor A, soluble urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor (suPAR) and substrate intermediates for coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). These molecular targets converge on two key components of GFB biology: mitochondrial function and the actin-myosin contractile machinery. This Review discusses therapies and developments focused on maintaining GFB integrity, and the emerging questions in this evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse S Daehn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Jeremy S Duffield
- Research and Development, Prime Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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24
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Wang SC, Li RN, Lin LC, Tang JY, Su JH, Sheu JH, Chang HW. Comparison of Antioxidant and Anticancer Properties of Soft Coral-Derived Sinularin and Dihydrosinularin. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26133853. [PMID: 34202721 PMCID: PMC8270243 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine natural products are abundant resources for antioxidants, but the antioxidant property of the soft corals-derived sinularin and dihydrosinularin were unknown. This study aimed to assess antioxidant potential and antiproliferation effects of above compounds on cancer cells, and to investigate the possible relationships between them. Results show that sinularin and dihydrosinularin promptly reacted with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and hydroxyl (•OH), demonstrating a general radical scavenger activity. Sinularin and dihydrosinularin also show an induction for Fe+3-reduction and Fe+2-chelating capacity which both strengthen their antioxidant activities. Importantly, sinularin shows higher antioxidant properties than dihydrosinularin. Moreover, 24 h ATP assays show that sinularin leads to higher antiproliferation of breast, lung, and liver cancer cells than dihydrosinularin. Therefore, the differential antioxidant properties of sinularin and dihydrosinularin may contribute to their differential anti-proliferation of different cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Chieh Wang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Ph.D. Program in Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (S.-C.W.); (R.-N.L.)
| | - Ruei-Nian Li
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Ph.D. Program in Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (S.-C.W.); (R.-N.L.)
| | - Li-Ching Lin
- Chi-Mei Foundation Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Tainan 71004, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 71703, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Yang Tang
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaoshiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hsin Su
- National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium, Pingtung 944, Taiwan;
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung 90078, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Horng Sheu
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Frontier Center for Ocean Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-H.S.); (H.-W.C.); Tel.: +886-7-525-2000 (ext. 5030) (J.-H.S.); +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2691) (H.-W.C.)
| | - Hsueh-Wei Chang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Ph.D. Program in Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (S.-C.W.); (R.-N.L.)
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-H.S.); (H.-W.C.); Tel.: +886-7-525-2000 (ext. 5030) (J.-H.S.); +886-7-312-1101 (ext. 2691) (H.-W.C.)
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25
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Bondue T, Arcolino FO, Veys KRP, Adebayo OC, Levtchenko E, van den Heuvel LP, Elmonem MA. Urine-Derived Epithelial Cells as Models for Genetic Kidney Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061413. [PMID: 34204173 PMCID: PMC8230018 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells exfoliated in human urine can include cells anywhere from the urinary tract and kidneys; however, podocytes and proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) are by far the most relevant cell types for the study of genetic kidney diseases. When maintained in vitro, they have been proven extremely valuable for discovering disease mechanisms and for the development of new therapies. Furthermore, cultured patient cells can individually represent their human sources and their specific variants for personalized medicine studies, which are recently gaining much interest. In this review, we summarize the methodology for establishing human podocyte and PTEC cell lines from urine and highlight their importance as kidney disease cell models. We explore the well-established and recent techniques of cell isolation, quantification, immortalization and characterization, and we describe their current and future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjessa Bondue
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (T.B.); (F.O.A.); (K.R.P.V.); (O.C.A.); (E.L.); (L.P.v.d.H.)
| | - Fanny O. Arcolino
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (T.B.); (F.O.A.); (K.R.P.V.); (O.C.A.); (E.L.); (L.P.v.d.H.)
| | - Koenraad R. P. Veys
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (T.B.); (F.O.A.); (K.R.P.V.); (O.C.A.); (E.L.); (L.P.v.d.H.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Oyindamola C. Adebayo
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (T.B.); (F.O.A.); (K.R.P.V.); (O.C.A.); (E.L.); (L.P.v.d.H.)
- Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elena Levtchenko
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (T.B.); (F.O.A.); (K.R.P.V.); (O.C.A.); (E.L.); (L.P.v.d.H.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lambertus P. van den Heuvel
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (T.B.); (F.O.A.); (K.R.P.V.); (O.C.A.); (E.L.); (L.P.v.d.H.)
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mohamed A. Elmonem
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11628, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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