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Masoumi M, Bodaghi AB, Khorramdelazad H, Ebadi E, Houshmandfar S, Saeedi-Boroujeni A, Karami J. Unraveling the immunometabolism puzzle: Deciphering systemic sclerosis pathogenesis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35445. [PMID: 39170585 PMCID: PMC11336762 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The article delves into the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc) with an emphasis on immunometabolism dysfunctions. SSc is a complex autoimmune connective tissue disorder with skin and organ fibrosis manifestation, vasculopathy, and immune dysregulation. A growing amount of research indicates that immunometabolism plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including SSc. The review explores the intricate interplay between immune dysfunction and metabolic alterations, focusing on the metabolism of glucose, lipids, amino acids, the TCA (tricarboxylic acid) cycle, and oxidative stress in SSc disease. According to recent research, there are changes in various metabolic pathways that could trigger or perpetuate the SSc disease. Glycolysis and TCA pathways play a pivotal role in SSc pathogenesis through inducing fibrosis. Dysregulated fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) and consequent lipid metabolism result in dysregulated extracellular matrix (ECM) breakdown and fibrosis induction. The altered metabolism of amino acids can significantly be involved in SSc pathogenesis through various mechanisms. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production has a crucial role in tissue damage in SSc patients. Indeed, immunometabolism involvement in SSc is highlighted, which offers potential therapeutic avenues. The article underscores the need for comprehensive studies to unravel the multifaceted mechanisms driving SSc pathogenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Masoumi
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Ali Bayat Bodaghi
- Student Research Committee, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Hossein Khorramdelazad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Erfan Ebadi
- Student Research Committee, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Sheyda Houshmandfar
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | - Ali Saeedi-Boroujeni
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | - Jafar Karami
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
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Fang J, Wang J, Luo J, Wang P, Zhang J, Chen D, Ye W, Zhang Y, Pan S, Wang X. Clinical stratification of 1318 Primary Sjögren's Syndrome patients. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2024; 68:152537. [PMID: 39146916 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2024.152537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Primary Sjögren's Syndrome (pSS) is a complex autoimmune disorder characterized by diverse clinical manifestations yet lacking effective therapeutic strategies currently. This study aims to gain a thorough understanding of the clinical landscape of pSS and further delineate its clinical subtypes, thereby enabling the efficient management for pSS. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional observational study of 1318 pSS patients. The pSS patients were categorized and compared based on gender, anti-SSA antibodies, and labial salivary gland biopsies (LGSB). Unsupervised clustering analysis was employed to identify pSS subtypes using systemic involvement among patients. Furthermore, we assessed clinical and biological variances among these subtypes. RESULTS Through group comparisons, we observed more pronounced extraglandular manifestations among male patients, SSA-negative group, and those with positive LGSB results. Based on systemic involvement, pSS patients were categorized into four groups. C1 exhibited minimal systemic involvement, lacking hematologic or serologic manifestations, with the lowest ESSDAI scores. C2 presented with serologic changes in all patients, partial joint involvement, and no hematologic systemic manifestations. C3 lacked joint involvement but all members displayed hematologic systemic involvement, with higher rates of renal, cutaneous, and systemic manifestations. C4 encompassed patients with joint and hematologic involvement, displaying the highest ESSDAI scores. The positivity rates of antibodies, immunological parameters, and inflammatory markers exhibited significant differences among the groups. Furthermore, notable variances were observed in the expression of peripheral blood transcriptomic modules among these groups. CONCLUSION In this cohort study, we summarized the clinical characteristics of Chinese patients with pSS and identified four distinct subgroups of pSS based on systemic involvement, revealing clinical and molecular disparities that unveil distinct pathobiological endotypes. Our findings hold significant implications for clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxia Fang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Department of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Luo
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjing Ye
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaobiao Pan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China; Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; State key laboratory for immunology and inflammation, China.
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Liang D, Huang S, Ding R. Effects of belimumab on the lipid profile in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: an observational study. Clin Rheumatol 2024; 43:2513-2520. [PMID: 38877375 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-024-07029-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
This study is asked to investigate the effects of belimumab on the lipid profile in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Forty-one SLE patients who received at least 6 months of belimumab treatment were retrospectively analyzed. The control group consisted of 56 age- and sex-matched lupus patients not treated with belimumab. The changes in lipid profile after a 6-month treatment were compared between the two groups. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) analyses were performed to examine lipid levels longitudinally during the period and the effect of clinical response variables and medication on the lipid profile in the belimumab group. In the belimumab group, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels increased significantly after the 6-month treatment (P = 0.02). After 1 month, HDL, apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) significantly increased by 13.8 and 11.4%, compared with baseline, respectively. After 3 months, HDL and apoA-I increased by 9.0 and 7.1%, respectively. After 6 months, HDL increased by 7.6% compared with baseline. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B did not change significantly over the course of treatment. GEE analyses indicated a significant association between HDL and disease activity indexes, such as IgG, anti-dsDNA, and complement C3. Subgroup analysis revealed significant changes in HDL only in patients who had achieved a ≥ 4-point reduction in SLEDAI-2 K after 6 months of belimumab treatment. Belimumab treatment may result in a long-term increase in HDL level in SLE patients by improving control of lupus activity. This might have beneficial effects on controlling cardiovascular risk in lupus patients. Key Points • Treatment with belimumab resulted in a significant and sustained increase in the HDL levels in SLE patients. • Significant changes in HDL were observed in lupus patients treated with belimumab who had a better clinical response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Liang
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shimei Huang
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Rui Ding
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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Hu S, Lin Y, Tang Y, Zhang J, He Y, Li G, Li L, Cai X. Targeting dysregulated intracellular immunometabolism within synovial microenvironment in rheumatoid arthritis with natural products. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1403823. [PMID: 39104392 PMCID: PMC11298361 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1403823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunometabolism has been an emerging hotspot in the fields of tumors, obesity, and atherosclerosis in recent decades, yet few studies have investigated its connection with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In principle, intracellular metabolic pathways upstream regulated by nutrients and growth factors control the effector functions of immune cells. Dynamic communication and hypermetabolic lesions of immune cells within the inflammatory synovial microenvironment contributes to the development and progression of RA. Hence, targeting metabolic pathways within immune subpopulations and pathological cells may represent novel therapeutic strategies for RA. Natural products constitute a great potential treasury for the research and development of novel drugs targeting RA. Here, we aimed to delineate an atlas of glycolysis, lipid metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, and nucleotide metabolism in the synovial microenvironment of RA that affect the pathological processes of synovial cells. Meanwhile, therapeutic potentials and pharmacological mechanisms of natural products that are demonstrated to inhibit related key enzymes in the metabolic pathways or reverse the metabolic microenvironment and communication signals were discussed and highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengtao Hu
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ye Lin
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tang
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junlan Zhang
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yini He
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gejing Li
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liqing Li
- The Central Research Laboratory, Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Xiong Cai
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The Central Research Laboratory, Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China
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Aradhyula V, Breidenbach JD, Khatib-Shahidi BZ, Slogar JN, Eyong SA, Faleel D, Dube P, Gupta R, Khouri SJ, Haller ST, Kennedy DJ. Transcriptomic Analysis of Arachidonic Acid Pathway Genes Provides Mechanistic Insight into Multi-Organ Inflammatory and Vascular Diseases. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:954. [PMID: 39062733 PMCID: PMC11275336 DOI: 10.3390/genes15070954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites have been associated with several diseases across various organ systems, including the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and renal systems. Lipid mediators generated from AA oxidation have been studied to control macrophages, T-cells, cytokines, and fibroblasts, and regulate inflammatory mediators that induce vascular remodeling and dysfunction. AA is metabolized by cyclooxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase (LOX), and cytochrome P450 (CYP) to generate anti-inflammatory, pro-inflammatory, and pro-resolutory oxidized lipids. As comorbid states such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity become more prevalent in cardiovascular disease, studying the expression of AA pathway genes and their association with these diseases can provide unique pathophysiological insights. In addition, the AA pathway of oxidized lipids exhibits diverse functions across different organ systems, where a lipid can be both anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory depending on the location of metabolic activity. Therefore, we aimed to characterize the gene expression of these lipid enzymes and receptors throughout multi-organ diseases via a transcriptomic meta-analysis using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) Database. In our study, we found that distinct AA pathways were expressed in various comorbid conditions, especially those with prominent inflammatory risk factors. Comorbidities, such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity appeared to contribute to elevated expression of pro-inflammatory lipid mediator genes. Our results demonstrate that expression of inflammatory AA pathway genes may potentiate and attenuate disease; therefore, we suggest further exploration of these pathways as therapeutic targets to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishnavi Aradhyula
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Joshua D. Breidenbach
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Group, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Bella Z. Khatib-Shahidi
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Julia N. Slogar
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Sonia A. Eyong
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Dhilhani Faleel
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Prabhatchandra Dube
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Rajesh Gupta
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Samer J. Khouri
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Steven T. Haller
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - David J. Kennedy
- Department of Medicine, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
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Porsch F, Binder CJ. Autoimmune diseases and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024:10.1038/s41569-024-01045-7. [PMID: 38937626 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-01045-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are associated with a dramatically increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and its clinical manifestations. The increased risk is consistent with the notion that atherogenesis is modulated by both protective and disease-promoting immune mechanisms. Notably, traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidaemia and hypertension alone do not explain the increased risk of cardiovascular disease associated with autoimmune diseases. Several mechanisms have been implicated in mediating the autoimmunity-associated cardiovascular risk, either directly or by modulating the effect of other risk factors in a complex interplay. Aberrant leukocyte function and pro-inflammatory cytokines are central to both disease entities, resulting in vascular dysfunction, impaired resolution of inflammation and promotion of chronic inflammation. Similarly, loss of tolerance to self-antigens and the generation of autoantibodies are key features of autoimmunity but are also implicated in the maladaptive inflammatory response during atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Therefore, immunomodulatory therapies are potential efficacious interventions to directly reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, and biomarkers of autoimmune disease activity could be relevant tools to stratify patients with autoimmunity according to their cardiovascular risk. In this Review, we discuss the pathophysiological aspects of the increased cardiovascular risk associated with autoimmunity and highlight the many open questions that need to be answered to develop novel therapies that specifically address this unmet clinical need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florentina Porsch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph J Binder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Chen S, Ye J, Lin Y, Chen W, Huang S, Yang Q, Qian H, Gao S, Hua C. Crucial Roles of RSAD2/viperin in Immunomodulation, Mitochondrial Metabolism and Autoimmune Diseases. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02076-5. [PMID: 38909344 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02076-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are typically characterized by aberrant activation of immune system that leads to excessive inflammatory reactions and tissue damage. Nevertheless, precise targeted and efficient therapies are limited. Thus, studies into novel therapeutic targets for the management of autoimmune diseases are urgently needed. Radical S-adenosyl methionine domain-containing 2 (RSAD2) is an interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) renowned for the antiviral properties of the protein it encodes, named viperin. An increasing number of studies have underscored the new roles of RSAD2/viperin in immunomodulation and mitochondrial metabolism. Previous studies have shown that there is a complex interplay between RSAD2/vipeirn and mitochondria and that binding of the iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster is necessary for the involvement of viperin in mitochondrial metabolism. Viperin influences the proliferation and development of immune cells as well as inflammation via different signaling pathways. However, the function of RSAD2/viperin varies in different studies and a comprehensive overview of this emerging theme is lacking. This review will describe the characteristics of RSAD2/viperin, decipher its function in immunometabolic processes, and clarify the crosstalk between RSAD2/viperin and mitochondria. Furthermore, we emphasize the crucial roles of RSAD2 in autoimmune diseases and its potential application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyan Chen
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jiani Ye
- School of the 2nd Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yinfang Lin
- School of the 1st Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Wenxiu Chen
- School of the 1st Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Shenghao Huang
- School of the 2nd Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Qianru Yang
- School of the 1st Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Hengrong Qian
- School of the 2nd Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Sheng Gao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Chunyan Hua
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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Hu X, Zhang P, Gao Y, Ding WW, Cheng XE, Shi QQ, Li S, Zhu YY, Pan HF, Wang P. Identification of lipid-modifying drug targets for autoimmune diseases: insights from drug target mendelian randomization. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:193. [PMID: 38909219 PMCID: PMC11193261 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02181-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS A growing body of evidence has highlighted the interactions of lipids metabolism and immune regulation. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of evidence regarding the causality between lipids and autoimmune diseases (ADs), as well as their possibility as drug targets for ADs. OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to comprehensively understand the casual associations between lipid traits and ADs, and evaluate the therapeutic possibility of lipid-lowering drug targets on ADs. METHODS Genetic variants for lipid traits and variants encoding targets of various lipid-lowering drugs were derived from Global Lipid Genetics Consortium (GLGC) and verified in Drug Bank. Summary data of ADs were obtained from MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (MER-IEU) database and FinnGen consortium, respectively. The causal inferences between lipid traits/genetic agents of lipid-lowering targets and ADs were evaluated by Mendelian randomization (MR), summary data-based MR (SMR), and multivariable MR (MVMR) analyses. Enrichment analysis and protein interaction network were employed to reveal the functional characteristics and biological relevance of potential therapeutic lipid-lowering targets. RESULTS There was no evidence of causal effects regarding 5 lipid traits and 9 lipid-lowering drug targets on ADs. Genetically proxied 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) inhibition was associated with a reduced risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in both discovery (OR [odds ratio] = 0.45, 95%CI: 0.32, 0.63, P = 6.79 × 10- 06) and replicate datasets (OR = 0.37, 95%CI: 0.23, 0.61, P = 7.81 × 10- 05). SMR analyses supported that genetically proxied HMGCR inhibition had causal effects on RA in whole blood (OR = 0.48, 95%CI: 0.29, 0.82, P = 6.86 × 10- 03) and skeletal muscle sites (OR = 0.75, 95%CI: 0.56, 0.99, P = 4.48 × 10- 02). After controlling for blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), smoking and drinking alchohol, HMGCR suppression showed a direct causal effect on a lower risk of RA (OR = 0.33, 95%CI: 0.40, 0.96, P = 0.042). CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals causal links of genetically proxied HMGCR inhibition (lipid-lowering drug targets) and HMGCR expression inhibition with a decreased risk of RA, suggesting that HMGCR may serve as candidate drug targets for the treatment and prevention of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hu
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Health Services and Management, School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Wen-Wen Ding
- The Second Clinical School of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Xue-Er Cheng
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Qian-Qian Shi
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yan-Yu Zhu
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Hai-Feng Pan
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
- Institute of Kidney Disease, Inflammation & Immunity Mediated Diseases, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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Chen S, Guo J, Huang X, He W, Yu X, Xia X, Chen W. Prevalence, Predictors, and Outcomes of Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients with Lupus Nephritis. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:988. [PMID: 38929605 PMCID: PMC11205415 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60060988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: This study aimed to assess the prevalence, predictors, and outcomes of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients with lupus nephritis (LN). Materials and Methods: Baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes of 387 patients with LN were retrospectively collected from 2007 to 2017. PH was defined as pulmonary artery systolic pressure ≥40 mmHg assessed by resting transthoracic echocardiography. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. The secondary endpoint was renal events, defined as the doubling of baseline serum creatinine or end-stage renal disease. Associations between PH and outcomes were analyzed by Cox regression models. Results: A total of 15.3% (59/387) of patients with LN were diagnosed with PH, and the prevalence of PH was higher for patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 compared to those with an eGFR ≥ 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (31.5% vs. 12.6%). Higher mean arterial pressure, lower hemoglobin, and lower triglyceride levels were associated with greater odds of having PH. After adjusting for relevant confounding variables, PH was independently associated with a higher risk for death (HR: 2.01; 95% CI: 1.01-4.00; p = 0.047) and renal events (HR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.04-4.12; p = 0.039). Conclusions: PH is an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality and adverse renal outcomes in patients with LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixiu Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, NHC Key Laboratory of Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China; (S.C.); (J.G.); (X.H.); (X.Y.)
| | - Junhan Guo
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, NHC Key Laboratory of Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China; (S.C.); (J.G.); (X.H.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xiamin Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, NHC Key Laboratory of Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China; (S.C.); (J.G.); (X.H.); (X.Y.)
| | - Wei He
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;
| | - Xueqing Yu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, NHC Key Laboratory of Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China; (S.C.); (J.G.); (X.H.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xi Xia
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, NHC Key Laboratory of Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China; (S.C.); (J.G.); (X.H.); (X.Y.)
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, NHC Key Laboratory of Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China; (S.C.); (J.G.); (X.H.); (X.Y.)
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Johnston KJ, Signer R, Huckins LM. Chronic Overlapping Pain Conditions and Nociplastic Pain. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2023.06.27.23291959. [PMID: 38766033 PMCID: PMC11100847 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.27.23291959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Chronic Overlapping Pain Conditions (COPCs) are a subset of chronic pain conditions commonly comorbid with one another and more prevalent in women and assigned female at birth (AFAB) individuals. Pain experience in these conditions may better fit with a new mechanistic pain descriptor, nociplastic pain, and nociplastic type pain may represent a shared underlying factor among COPCs. We applied GenomicSEM common-factor genome wide association study (GWAS) and multivariate transcriptome-wide association (TWAS) analyses to existing GWAS output for six COPCs in order to find genetic variation associated with nociplastic type pain, followed by genetic correlation (linkage-disequilibrium score regression), gene-set and tissue enrichment analyses. We found 24 independent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and 127 unique genes significantly associated with nociplastic type pain, and showed nociplastic type pain to be a polygenic trait with significant SNP-heritability. We found significant genetic overlap between multisite chronic pain and nociplastic type pain, and to a smaller extent with rheumatoid arthritis and a neuropathic pain phenotype. Tissue enrichment analyses highlighted cardiac and thyroid tissue, and gene set enrichment analyses emphasized potential shared mechanisms in cognitive, personality, and metabolic traits and nociplastic type pain along with distinct pathology in migraine and headache. We use a well-powered network approach to investigate nociplastic type pain using existing COPC GWAS output, and show nociplastic type pain to be a complex, heritable trait, in addition to contributing to understanding of potential mechanisms in development of nociplastic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keira J.A. Johnston
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Rebecca Signer
- Department of Genetic and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY 10029, USA
| | - Laura M. Huckins
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
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11
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Wang W, Huang M, Ge W, Feng J, Zhang X, Li C, Wang L. Identifying serum metabolite biomarkers for autoimmune diseases: a two-sample mendelian randomization and meta-analysis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1300457. [PMID: 38686387 PMCID: PMC11056515 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1300457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Extensive evidence suggests a link between alterations in serum metabolite composition and various autoimmune diseases (ADs). Nevertheless, the causal relationship underlying these correlations and their potential utility as dependable biomarkers for early AD detection remain uncertain. Objective The objective of this study was to employ a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to ascertain the causal relationship between serum metabolites and ADs. Additionally, a meta-analysis incorporating data from diverse samples was conducted to enhance the validation of this causal effect. Materials and methods A two-sample MR analysis was performed to investigate the association between 486 human serum metabolites and six prevalent autoimmune diseases: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), dermatomyositis (DM), type 1 diabetes (T1D), and celiac disease (CeD). The inverse variance weighted (IVW) model was employed as the primary analytical technique for the two-sample MR analysis, aiming to identify blood metabolites linked with autoimmune diseases. Independent outcome samples were utilized for further validation of significant blood metabolites. Additional sensitivity analyses, including heterogeneity test, horizontal pleiotropy test, and retention rate analysis, were conducted. The results from these analyses were subsequently meta-integrated. Finally, metabolic pathway analysis was performed using the KEGG and Small Molecule Pathway Databases (SMPD). Results Following the discovery and replication phases, eight metabolites were identified as causally associated with various autoimmune diseases, encompassing five lipid metabolism types: 1-oleoylglycerophosphoethanolamine, 1-arachidonoylglycerophosphoethanolamine, 1-myristoylglycerophosphocholine, arachidonate (20:4 n6), and glycerol. The meta-analysis indicated that three out of these eight metabolites exhibited a protective effect, while the remaining five were designated as pathogenic factors. The robustness of these associations was further confirmed through sensitivity analysis. Moreover, an investigation into metabolic pathways revealed a significant correlation between galactose metabolism and autoimmune diseases. Conclusion This study revealed a causal relationship between lipid metabolites and ADs, providing novel insights into the mechanism of AD development mediated by serum metabolites and possible biomarkers for early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Manli Huang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Department of Field and Disaster Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junling Feng
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xihua Zhang
- Department of Neurological Intensive Care Rehabilitation, Xi’an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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12
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Mo C, Bi J, Li S, Lin Y, Yuan P, Liu Z, Jia B, Xu S. The influence and therapeutic effect of microbiota in systemic lupus erythematosus. Microbiol Res 2024; 281:127613. [PMID: 38232494 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Systemic erythematosus lupus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease involving multiple organs that poses a serious risk to the health and life of patients. A growing number of studies have shown that commensals from different parts of the body and exogenous pathogens are involved in SLE progression, causing barrier disruption and immune dysregulation through multiple mechanisms. However, they sometimes alleviate the symptoms of SLE. Many factors, such as genetic susceptibility, metabolism, impaired barriers, food, and sex hormones, are involved in SLE, and the microbiota drives the development of SLE either by depending on or interacting with these factors. Among these, the crosstalk between genetic susceptibility, metabolism, and microbiota is a hot topic of research and is expected to lay the groundwork for the amelioration of the mechanism, diagnosis, and treatment of SLE. Furthermore, the microbiota has great potential for the treatment of SLE. Ideally, personalised therapeutic approaches should be developed in combination with more specific diagnostic methods. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of the role and mechanism of microbiota in lupus of the intestine, oral cavity, skin, and kidney, as well as the therapeutic potential of the microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuzi Mo
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaming Bi
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Siwei Li
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunhe Lin
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiyan Yuan
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongjun Liu
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Bo Jia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shuaimei Xu
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Gao Y, Zhang Y, Liu X. Rheumatoid arthritis: pathogenesis and therapeutic advances. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e509. [PMID: 38469546 PMCID: PMC10925489 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the unresolved synovial inflammation for tissues-destructive consequence, which remains one of significant causes of disability and labor loss, affecting about 0.2-1% global population. Although treatments with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are effective to control inflammation and decrease bone destruction, the overall remission rates of RA still stay at a low level. Therefore, uncovering the pathogenesis of RA and expediting clinical transformation are imminently in need. Here, we summarize the immunological basis, inflammatory pathways, genetic and epigenetic alterations, and metabolic disorders in RA, with highlights on the abnormality of immune cells atlas, epigenetics, and immunometabolism. Besides an overview of first-line medications including conventional DMARDs, biologics, and small molecule agents, we discuss in depth promising targeted therapies under clinical or preclinical trials, especially epigenetic and metabolic regulators. Additionally, prospects on precision medicine based on synovial biopsy or RNA-sequencing and cell therapies of mesenchymal stem cells or chimeric antigen receptor T-cell are also looked forward. The advancements of pathogenesis and innovations of therapies in RA accelerates the progress of RA treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- Department of RheumatologyChanghai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yunkai Zhang
- Naval Medical CenterNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xingguang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & InflammationNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Pathogen BiologyNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
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14
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Tang B, Zheng X, Luo Q, Li X, Yang Y, Bi Y, Chen Y, Han L, Chen H, Lu C. Network pharmacology and gut microbiota insights: unraveling Shenling Baizhu powder's role in psoriasis treatment. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1362161. [PMID: 38425649 PMCID: PMC10904012 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1362161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Psoriasis, a chronic skin condition characterized by systemic inflammation and altered gut microbiota, has been a target of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for centuries. Shenling Baizhu Powder (SLBZP), a TCM formulation, holds promise for treating inflammatory diseases, but its specific role in psoriasis and impact on gut microbiota is not fully understood. Objective: This study aims to elucidate the mechanism of SLBZP in treating psoriasis, integrating component analysis, network pharmacology, and experimental validation in mice models. Methods: We commenced with a detailed component analysis of SLBZP using liquid chromatograph and mass spectrometer (LC-MS). Network pharmacology analysis was used to predict the potential action targets and pathways of SLBZP in psoriasis. An in vivo experiment was conducted with psoriasis mice models, treated with SLBZP. Therapeutic effects were assessed via symptomatology, histopathology, and immunohistochemical analysis. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results: A total of 42 main components and quality markers were identified, primarily from licorice and ginseng, including flavonoids, saponins and other markers. PPI topology analysis showed that TNF, IL-6, IL-1β, TP53 and JUN were the core DEPs. 168 signaling pathways including lipid and atherosclerosis, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway and Th17 cell differentiation were enriched by KEGG. SLBZP demonstrated significant therapeutic effects on psoriasis in mice, with alterations in skin pathology and biomarkers. Additionally, notable changes in gut microbiota composition were observed post-treatment, indicating a possible gut-skin axis involvement. Conclusion: This research has pinpointed lipid metabolism as a key pathway in the treatment of psoriasis with SLBZP. It explores how SLBZP's modulation of gut microbiota and lipid metabolism can alleviate psoriasis, suggesting that balancing gut microbiota may reduce inflammation mediators and offer therapeutic benefits. This underscores lipid metabolism modulation as a potential new strategy in psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Tang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Chinese Medicine Dermatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuwei Zheng
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Luo
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiong Li
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Yang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Bi
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonggen Chen
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Han
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Chinese Medicine Dermatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiming Chen
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Chinese Medicine Dermatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanjian Lu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Chinese Medicine Dermatology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Yan Y, La R, Jiang M, Xu W, Jiang D, Wang S, Huang L, Wu Q. The association between remnant cholesterol and rheumatoid arthritis: insights from a large population study. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:38. [PMID: 38326904 PMCID: PMC10848346 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02033-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES While lipid metabolism disorder is widely acknowledged as a contributing factor to inflammation, the association between remnant cholesterol (RC), which indicates lipid metabolism, and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has not been investigated. Accordingly, this study evaluated whether RC is associated with RA disease events. METHODS Data were collected and specifically extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2008 database. The RC value was derived by subtracting the combined amount of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) from the total cholesterol (TC). The association between RC and RA was evaluated using multivariate regression analysis and subgroup analysis. RESULTS The study analyzed 7777 patients, of which 581 patients (7.47%) were diagnosed with RA. After accounting for different covariates, the multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a notable correlation between increased RC levels and an increased likelihood of RA (odds ratio OR = 1.54; 95% confidence interval CI: 1.11-2.13; P = 0.0092). The interaction test did not yield statistically significant effects on this association. The linear correlation between RC and RA was observed within restricted cubic spline regression model limitations. CONCLUSION The results suggest that higher RC levels are associated with increased odds of RA, indicating that RC can serve as a novel and convenient index for forecasting the likelihood of RA in the United States. Additionally, these findings offer insights into early intervention strategies for susceptible populations at risk of developing RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui La
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wu Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dinghua Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shenghao Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Lixin Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Institute of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Biochemistry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Jury EC, Peng J, Van Vijfeijken A, Martin Gutierrez L, Woodridge L, Wincup C, Pineda-Torra I, Ciurtin C, Robinson GA. Systemic lupus erythematosus patients have unique changes in serum metabolic profiles across age associated with cardiometabolic risk. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023:kead646. [PMID: 38048621 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cardiovascular disease through accelerated atherosclerosis is a leading cause of mortality for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), likely due to increased chronic inflammation and cardiometabolic defects over age. We investigated age-associated changes in metabolomic profiles of SLE patients and healthy controls (HCs). METHODS Serum NMR metabolomic profiles from female SLE patients (n = 164, age = 14-76) and HCs (n = 123, age = 13-72) were assessed across age by linear regression and by age group between patients/HCs (Group-1, age ≤ 25, n = 62/46; Group-2, age = 26-49, n = 50/46; Group-3, age ≥ 50, n = 52/31) using multiple t-tests. The impact of inflammation, disease activity and treatments were assessed, and UK Biobank disease-wide association analysis of metabolites was performed. RESULTS Age-specific metabolomic profiles were identified in SLE patients vs HCs, including reduced amino acids (Group-1), increased very-low-density lipoproteins (Group-2), and increased low-density lipoproteins (Group-3). Twenty-five metabolites were significantly altered in all SLE age groups, dominated by decreased atheroprotective high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subsets, HDL-bound apolipoprotein(Apo)A1 and increased glycoprotein acetyls (GlycA). Furthermore, ApoA1 and GlycA were differentially associated with disease activity and serological measures, as well as atherosclerosis incidence and myocardial infarction mortality risk through disease-wide association. Separately, glycolysis pathway metabolites (acetone/citrate/creatinine/glycerol/lactate/pyruvate) uniquely increased with age in SLE, significantly influenced by prednisolone (increased pyruvate/lactate) and hydroxychloroquine (decreased citrate/creatinine) treatment and associated with type-1 and type-2 diabetes by disease-wide association. CONCLUSIONS Increasing HDL (ApoA1) levels through therapeutic/nutritional intervention, whilst maintaining low disease activity, in SLE patients from a young age could improve cardiometabolic disease outcomes. Biomarkers from the glycolytic pathway could indicate adverse metabolic effects of current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Jury
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Junjie Peng
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Lucia Martin Gutierrez
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Laurel Woodridge
- Centre for Experimental & Translational Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Chris Wincup
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ines Pineda-Torra
- Centre for Experimental & Translational Medicine, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Coziana Ciurtin
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - George A Robinson
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
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Chaudhary R, Prasad A, Agarwal V, Rehman M, Kumar A, Kaushik AS, Srivastava S, Srivastava S, Mishra V. Chronic stress predisposes to the aggravation of inflammation in autoimmune diseases with focus on rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:111046. [PMID: 37879231 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The global incidence of autoimmune diseases is on the rise, and many healthcare professionals believe that chronic stress plays a prominent role in both the aggravation and remission of these conditions. It is believed that prolonged exposure to stress is associated with neuroimmune axis malfunction, which eventually dysregulates multiple immunological factors as well as deregulates autoimmune responses that play a central role in various autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. Herein, we performed validation of an 8-week long rat model of chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) which consisted of exposing groups of rats to random stressors daily for 8 weeks. Additionally, we developed a novel rat model combining 8-week long random stressor-induced CUS with CIA-triggered arthritis and IMQ-triggered psoriasis and have successfully used both these models to assess the role of chronic stress in the aggravation of arthritis and psoriasis, respectively. Notably, the 8-week CUS protocol extensively aggravated and prolonged both arthritis and psoriasis condition in the rat model by upregulating the release of different pro-inflammatory cytokines, dysregulation of immune cell responses and oxidative stress system, which were all related to severe inflammation. Further, CUS aggravated macroscopic features and the increase in destruction of joint tissue and epidermal thickness induced by CIA and IMQ, respectively, in rats. In conclusion, this study suggests that exposure to an 8-week long CUS paradigm aggravates the distinctive characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis in rats via amplifying the inflammatory circuits and immune cell responses linked to these autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India
| | - Ajay Prasad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India
| | - Vipul Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India
| | - Mujeeba Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India
| | - Anand Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India
| | - Arjun Singh Kaushik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India
| | - Siddhi Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India
| | - Sukriti Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India
| | - Vikas Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India.
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Kwon OC, Han K, Park MC. Association Between Lipid Profile and Risk of Incident Systemic Sclerosis: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. Clin Epidemiol 2023; 15:1095-1107. [PMID: 38050603 PMCID: PMC10693781 DOI: 10.2147/clep.s427881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Lipid metabolism is altered in systemic sclerosis (SSc), mediating activation of immune cells and fibroblasts. However, it is unclear whether altered lipid profile is associated with a risk of developing SSc. We aimed to assess the association between lipid profile and risk of incident SSc. Methods From a Korean nationwide database, individuals without SSc who underwent national health check-ups in 2009 were selected and followed-up through 2019. Serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride were measured on the health check-up date in 2009. Individuals who developed SSc during follow-up were identified. Multivariable Cox models were performed to estimate the risk of incident SSc according to TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglyceride levels, respectively. Results Of the 9,894,996 individuals selected, 1355 individuals developed SSc during a mean follow-up of 9.2 years (incidence rate=1.49 per 100,000 person-years). Levels of TC (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.959, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.945-0.974), HDL-C (aHR 0.968, 95% CI 0.950-0.987), LDL-C (aHR 0.968, 95% CI 0.952-0.983) were inversely associated with the risk of incident SSc, whereas no significant association was observed between levels of triglyceride (aHR 1.004, 95% CI 0.998-1.011) and risk of incident SSc. Conclusion Serum levels of TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C were inversely associated with the risk of incident SSc. Our findings provide new insights that altered lipid profile could be considered a non-causal biomarker associated with incident SSc, which could help early diagnosis. The underlying mechanism for this association needs further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oh Chan Kwon
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Chan Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Macáková K, Tekeľová M, Mlynáriková V, Šebeková K, Vlková B, Celec P, Šteňová E. Metabolic Effects of Anti-TNF-α Treatment in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Diseases 2023; 11:164. [PMID: 37987275 PMCID: PMC10660495 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11040164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with high cardiovascular mortality. It is not clear whether the metabolic consequences of chronic inflammation are involved. Biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) are highly efficient in the treatment of inflammation in RA. In this study, we aimed to describe the metabolic effects of anti-TNF-α treatment in RA patients. The clinical status of 16 patients was assessed using disease activity score-28 (DAS28) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Plasma samples were collected before treatment with anti-TNF-α treatment as well as after three and six months of treatment. Markers of lipid and glucose metabolism, as well as renal biomarkers, were assessed using standard biochemistry. ELISA was used for the quantification of insulin, leptin, and adiponectin. Although fasting insulin decreased by 14% at the end of the study, most of the analyzed parameters did not show any statistically or clinically significant dynamics. The exception was total bilirubin and cholesterol, which increased by 53% and 14%, respectively, after six months of treatment with anti-TNF-α treatment. Anti-TNF-α treatment did not induce major metabolic changes despite the strong anti-inflammatory and clinical symptoms of RA. Further studies will show whether longer observations are required for the detection of the metabolic effects of the anti-inflammatory treatment. Additional research is needed to understand the observed effect of bilirubin as an important endogenous antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristína Macáková
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia; (K.M.); (M.T.); (K.Š.); (B.V.)
| | - Mária Tekeľová
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia; (K.M.); (M.T.); (K.Š.); (B.V.)
| | | | - Katarína Šebeková
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia; (K.M.); (M.T.); (K.Š.); (B.V.)
| | - Barbora Vlková
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia; (K.M.); (M.T.); (K.Š.); (B.V.)
| | - Peter Celec
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia; (K.M.); (M.T.); (K.Š.); (B.V.)
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Emöke Šteňová
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital, Comenius University, Mickiewiczova 13, 82101 Bratislava, Slovakia;
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20
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Shu Y, Deng Z, Deng Y, Zhou J, Wang J, Duan Z, Jiang T, Zhao X, Shi Z, Qiu C. Elevated circulating PCSK9 level is associated with 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis: a prospective cohort study. BMC Emerg Med 2023; 23:127. [PMID: 37904138 PMCID: PMC10617046 DOI: 10.1186/s12873-023-00896-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pro-protein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) decreases the clearance of the pathogenic lipids, supporting the potential role of PCSK9 in the prognosis of sepsis. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, patients with sepsis were consecutively recruited from 1 to 2020 to 30 September 2021 at the First People's Hospital of Huaihua, China. All the eligible patients were categorized into low-PCSK9 and high-PCSK9 groups, based on their PCSK9 levels at admission. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to evaluate the association between PCSK9 level and 28-day mortality of sepsis. RESULTS Of the 203 enrolled patients, 56 (27.59%) died during the 28-day follow-up. The PCSK9 level was positively related to the C-reactive protein level. The cut-off point of PCSK9 levels for 28-day mortality risk was 370 ng/ml. Through comparison between high-PCSK9 (> 370 ng/ml) with low-PCSK9 (≤ 370 ng/ml) groups, the adjusted HR for mortality was 2.56 (95% CI: 1.25-5.23, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The 28-day mortality of sepsis increased significantly as the baseline circulating PCSK9 level exceeded 370 ng/ml, indicating circulating PCSK9 levels may be a potential biomarker to predict the prognosis of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanlu Shu
- Evidence-based Medicine and Clinical Center, The First People's Hospital of Huaihua, Huaihua, 418000, P.R. China
| | - Ziwei Deng
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, The First People's Hospital of Huaihua, Huaihua, 418000, P.R. China
| | - Ye Deng
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, The First People's Hospital of Huaihua, Huaihua, 418000, P.R. China
| | - Jianliang Zhou
- Emergency Department, The First People's Hospital of Huaihua, Huaihua, 418000, P.R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Emergency Department, The First People's Hospital of Huaihua, Huaihua, 418000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenxing Duan
- Emergency Department, The First People's Hospital of Huaihua, Huaihua, 418000, P.R. China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Emergency Department, The First People's Hospital of Huaihua, Huaihua, 418000, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Evidence-based Medicine and Clinical Center, The First People's Hospital of Huaihua, Huaihua, 418000, P.R. China
| | - Zhihua Shi
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, The First People's Hospital of Huaihua, Huaihua, 418000, P.R. China
| | - Chengfeng Qiu
- Evidence-based Medicine and Clinical Center, The First People's Hospital of Huaihua, Huaihua, 418000, P.R. China.
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, The First People's Hospital of Huaihua, Huaihua, 418000, P.R. China.
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang, 421000, P.R. China.
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21
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Yan J, Yang S, Han L, Ba X, Shen P, Lin W, Li T, Zhang R, Huang Y, Huang Y, Qin K, Wang Y, Tu S, Chen Z. Dyslipidemia in rheumatoid arthritis: the possible mechanisms. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1254753. [PMID: 37954591 PMCID: PMC10634280 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1254753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease, of which the leading cause of death is cardiovascular disease (CVD). The levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) in RA decrease especially under hyperinflammatory conditions. It is conflictive with the increased risk of CVD in RA, which is called "lipid paradox". The systemic inflammation may explain this apparent contradiction. The increased systemic proinflammatory cytokines in RA mainly include interleukin-6(IL-6)、interleukin-1(IL-1)and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α). The inflammation of RA cause changes in the subcomponents and structure of HDL particles, leading to a weakened anti-atherosclerosis function and promoting LDL oxidation and plaque formation. Dysfunctional HDL can further worsen the abnormalities of LDL metabolism, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the specific mechanisms underlying lipid changes in RA and increased CVD risk remain unclear. Therefore, this article comprehensively integrates the latest existing literature to describe the unique lipid profile of RA, explore the mechanisms of lipid changes, and investigate the impact of lipid changes on cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Yan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sisi Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Han
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Ba
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pan Shen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiji Lin
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruiyuan Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Qin
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shenghao Tu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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22
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Li W, Ling Z, Wang J, Su Z, Lu J, Yang X, Cheng B, Tao X. ASCT2-mediated glutamine uptake promotes Th1 differentiation via ROS-EGR1-PAC1 pathway in oral lichen planus. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 216:115767. [PMID: 37634599 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease of oral mucosa concerning with the redox imbalance. Although glutamine uptake mediated by alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2 (ASCT2) is critical to T cell differentiation, the exact mechanism remains ambiguous. Here, we elucidate a novel regulatory mechanism of ASCT2-mediated uptake in the differentiation and proliferation of T cells through maintaining redox balance in OLP. The results of immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed that both ASCT2 and glutaminase (GLS) were obviously upregulated compared to controls in OLP. Moreover, correlation analyses indicated that ASCT2 expression was significantly related to GLS level. Interestingly, the upregulation of glutamine metabolism in epithelial layer was consistent with that in lamina propria. Functional assays in vitro revealed the positive association between glutamine metabolism and lymphocytes infiltration. Additionally, multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) uncovered a stronger colocalization among ASCT2 and CD4 and IFN-γ, which was further demonstrated by human Th1 differentiation assay in vitro. Mechanistically, targeting glutamine uptake through interference with ASCT2 using L-γ-Glutamyl-p-nitroanilide (GPNA) decreased the glutamine uptake of T cells and leaded to the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which promoted dual specificity phosphatase 2 (DUSP2/PAC1) expression through activation of early growth response 1 (EGR1) to induce dephosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and inhibit Th1 differentiation in turn. These results demonstrated that glutamine uptake mediated by ASCT2 induced Th1 differentiation by ROS-EGR1-PAC1 pathway, and restoring the redox dynamic balance through targeting ASCT2 may be a potential treatment for T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihang Ling
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinmei Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhangci Su
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Lu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Bin Cheng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaoan Tao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China.
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23
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Allalou A, Peng J, Robinson GA, Marruganti C, D’Aiuto F, Butler G, Jury EC, Ciurtin C. Impact of puberty, sex determinants and chronic inflammation on cardiovascular risk in young people. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1191119. [PMID: 37441710 PMCID: PMC10333528 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1191119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Worrying trends of increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in children, adolescents and young people in the Modern Era have channelled research and public health strategies to tackle this growing epidemic. However, there are still controversies related to the dynamic of the impact of sex, age and puberty on this risk and on cardiovascular health outcomes later in life. In this comprehensive review of current literature, we examine the relationship between puberty, sex determinants and various traditional CVD-risk factors, as well as subclinical atherosclerosis in young people in general population. In addition, we evaluate the role of chronic inflammation, sex hormone therapy and health-risk behaviours on augmenting traditional CVD-risk factors and health outcomes, ultimately aiming to determine whether tailored management strategies for this age group are justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Allalou
- University College London Medical School, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Junjie Peng
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - George A. Robinson
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Crystal Marruganti
- Eastman Dental Hospital, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco D’Aiuto
- Eastman Dental Hospital, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Butler
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth C. Jury
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Coziana Ciurtin
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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24
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Cho KH, Kim JE, Bahuguna A, Kang DJ. Long-Term Supplementation of Ozonated Sunflower Oil Improves Dyslipidemia and Hepatic Inflammation in Hyperlipidemic Zebrafish: Suppression of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation against Carboxymethyllysine Toxicity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1240. [PMID: 37371970 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ozonated sunflower oil (OSO) is a well-known functional oil with antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-allergic, and skin-moisturizing properties. However, studies on the effects of OSO on high-cholesterol diet (HCD)-induced metabolic disorders have been scarce. In the current study, we aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of OSO on lipid metabolism in adult hypercholesterolemic zebrafish and its embryos. Microinjection of OSO (final 2%, 10 nL) into zebrafish embryos under the presence of carboxymethyllysine (CML, 500 ng) protected acute embryo death up to 61% survival, while sunflower oil (final 2%) showed much less protection at around 42% survival. The microinjection of OSO was more effective than SO to inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis in the CML induced embryo toxicity. Intraperitoneal injection of OSO under the presence of CML protected acute death from CML-induced neurotoxicity with improved hepatic inflammation, less detection of ROS and interleukin (IL)-6, and lowering blood total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG), while the SO-injected group did not protect the CML-toxicity. Long-term supplementation of OSO (final 20%, wt/wt) with HCD for 6 months resulted in higher survivability than the HCD alone group or HCD + SO group (final 20%, wt/wt) with significant lowering of plasma TC and TG levels. The HCD + OSO group showed the least hepatic inflammation, fatty liver change, ROS, and IL-6 production. In conclusion, short-term treatment of OSO by injection exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity against acute neurotoxicity of CML in zebrafish and their embryo. Long-term supplementation of OSO in the diet also revealed the highest survivability and blood lipid-lowering effect through potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hyun Cho
- Raydel Research Institute, Medical Innovation Complex, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
- LipoLab, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Raydel Research Institute, Medical Innovation Complex, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Ashutosh Bahuguna
- Raydel Research Institute, Medical Innovation Complex, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Jin Kang
- Raydel Research Institute, Medical Innovation Complex, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
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25
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Zhao T, Wang S, Liu W, Shen J, Dai Y, Shi M, Huang X, Wei Y, Li T, Zhang X, Xie Z, Wang N, Qin D, Li Z. Clinical efficacy of Yiqi Yangxue formula on knee osteoarthritis and unraveling therapeutic mechanism through plasma metabolites in rats. Front Genet 2023; 14:1096616. [PMID: 37091797 PMCID: PMC10113924 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1096616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Yiqi Yangxue formula (YQYXF) on knee osteoarthritis (KOA), and to explore the underlying therapeutic mechanism of YQYXF through endogenous differential metabolites and their related metabolic pathways.Methods: A total of 61 KOA patients were recruited and divided into the treatment group (YQYXF, 30 cases) and the control group (celecoxib, Cxb, 31 cases). Effects of these two drugs on joint pain, swelling, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and c-reactive protein (CRP) were observed, and their safety and adverse reactions were investigated. In animal experiments, 63 SD rats were randomly divided into normal control (NC) group, sham operation (sham) group, model (KOA) group, Cxb group, as well as low-dose (YL), medium-dose (YM), and high-dose groups of YQYXF (YH). The KOA rat model was established using a modified Hulth method. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/Q Exactive HF-X Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap Mass (UHPLC-QE-MS)-based metabolomics technology was used to analyze the changes of metabolites in plasma samples of rats. Comprehensive (VIP) >1 and t-test p < 0.05 conditions were used to screen the disease biomarkers of KOA, and the underlying mechanisms of YQYXF were explored through metabolic pathway enrichment analysis. The related markers of YQYXF were further verified by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay).Results: YQYXF can improve joint pain, swelling, range of motion, joint function, Michel Lequesen index of severity for osteoarthritis (ISOA) score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score, ESR, and CRP. No apparent adverse reactions were reported. In addition, YQYXF can improve cartilage damage in KOA rats, reverse the abnormal changes of 16 different metabolites, and exert an anti-KOA effect mainly through five metabolic pathways. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) were significantly decreased after the treatment of YQYXF.Conclusion: YQYXF can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of KOA patients without obvious adverse reactions. It mainly improved KOA through modulating lipid metabolism-related biomarkers, reducing lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Shiqi Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, China
| | - Jiayan Shen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Youwu Dai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Mingqin Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoyi Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Tao Li
- Qujing Hospital Affiliated to Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qujing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Zhaohu Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Na Wang
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaofu Li, ; Na Wang, ; Dongdong Qin,
| | - Dongdong Qin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaofu Li, ; Na Wang, ; Dongdong Qin,
| | - Zhaofu Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaofu Li, ; Na Wang, ; Dongdong Qin,
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26
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Zeng Q, Wang S, Li M, Wang S, Guo C, Ruan X, Watanabe R, Lai Y, Huang Y, Yin X, Zhang C, Chen B, Yang N, Zhang H. Spleen fibroblastic reticular cell-derived acetylcholine promotes lipid metabolism to drive autoreactive B cell responses. Cell Metab 2023; 35:837-854.e8. [PMID: 37019104 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Autoreactive B cell responses are essential for the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) are known to construct lymphoid compartments and regulate immune functions. Here, we identify spleen FRC-derived acetylcholine (ACh) as a key factor that controls autoreactive B cell responses in SLE. In SLE, CD36-mediated lipid uptake leads to enhanced mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in B cells. Accordingly, the inhibition of fatty acid oxidation results in reduced autoreactive B cell responses and ameliorated diseases in lupus mice. Ablation of CD36 in B cells impairs lipid uptake and differentiation of autoreactive B cells during autoimmune induction. Mechanistically, spleen FRC-derived ACh promotes lipid influx and generation of autoreactive B cells through CD36. Together, our data uncover a novel function of spleen FRCs in lipid metabolism and B cell differentiation, placing spleen FRC-derived ACh in a key position in promoting autoreactive B cells in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shuyi Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Mengyuan Li
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chaohuan Guo
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xinyuan Ruan
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ryu Watanabe
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 5458585, Japan
| | - Yimei Lai
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yuefang Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yin
- Department of Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chuanzhao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Binfeng Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Niansheng Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Institue of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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27
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Alexandropoulou I, Grammatikopoulou MG, Gkouskou KK, Pritsa AA, Vassilakou T, Rigopoulou E, Lindqvist HM, Bogdanos DP. Ceramides in Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases: Existing Evidence and Therapeutic Considerations for Diet as an Anticeramide Treatment. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15010229. [PMID: 36615886 PMCID: PMC9824311 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs) constitute a set of connective tissue disorders and dysfunctions with akin clinical manifestations and autoantibody responses. AIRD treatment is based on a comprehensive approach, with the primary aim being achieving and attaining disease remission, through the control of inflammation. AIRD therapies have a low target specificity, and this usually propels metabolic disturbances, dyslipidemias and increased cardiovascular risk. Ceramides are implicated in inflammation through several different pathways, many of which sometimes intersect. They serve as signaling molecules for apoptosis, altering immune response and driving endothelial dysfunction and as regulators in the production of other molecules, including sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and ceramide 1-phosphate (C1P). With lipid metabolism being severely altered in AIRD pathology, several studies show that the concentration and variety of ceramides in human tissues is altered in patients with rheumatic diseases compared to controls. As a result, many in vitro and some in vivo (animal) studies research the potential use of ceramides as therapeutic targets in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, fibromyalgia syndrome, primary Sjögren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, myositis, systemic vasculitis and psoriatic arthritis. Furthermore, the majority of ceramide synthesis is diet-centric and, as a result, dietary interventions may alter ceramide concentrations in the blood and affect health. Subsequently, more recently several clinical trials evaluated the possibility of distinct dietary patterns and nutrients to act as anti-ceramide regimes in humans. With nutrition being an important component of AIRD-related complications, the present review details the evidence regarding ceramide levels in patients with AIRDs, the results of anti-ceramide treatments and discusses the possibility of using medical nutritional therapy as a complementary anti-ceramide treatment in rheumatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Alexandropoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, Alexander Campus, GR-57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria G. Grammatikopoulou
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University General Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, GR-41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Kalliopi K. Gkouskou
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Agathi A. Pritsa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, Alexander Campus, GR-57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Tonia Vassilakou
- Department of Public Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, GR-11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Rigopoulou
- Department of Medicine and Research Laboratory of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, GR-41222 Larissa, Greece
| | - Helen M. Lindqvist
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 115, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Dimitrios P. Bogdanos
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University General Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, GR-41110 Larissa, Greece
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
The prognosis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has improved due to better treatment and care, but cardiovascular disease (CVD) still remains an important clinical problem, since the risk of CVD in SLE is much higher than among controls. Atherosclerosis is the main cause of CVD in the general population, and in SLE, increased atherosclerosis, especially the prevalence of atherosclerotic plaques, has been demonstrated. Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory condition, where immunity plays an important role. Interestingly, oxidized low-density lipoprotein, defective clearance of dead cells, and inflammation, with a pro-inflammatory T-cell profile are characteristics of both atherosclerosis and SLE. In addition to atherosclerosis as an underlying cause of CVD in SLE, there are also other non-mutually exclusive mechanisms, and the most important of these are antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) leading to the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome with both arterial and venous thrombosis. aPL can cause direct pro-inflammatory and prothrombotic effects on endothelial and other cells and also interfere with the coagulation, for example, by inhibiting annexin A5 from its antithrombotic and protective effects. Antibodies against phosphorylcholine (anti-PC) and other small lipid-related epitopes, sometimes called natural antibodies, are negatively associated with CVD and atherosclerosis in SLE. Taken together, a combination of traditional risk factors such as hypertension and dyslipidemia, and nontraditional ones, especially aPL, inflammation, and low anti-PC are implicated in the increased risk of CVD in SLE. Close monitoring of both traditional risk factors and nontraditional ones, including treatment of disease manifestations, not lest renal disease in SLE, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Frostegård
- Section of Immunology and Chronic Disease, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Du J, Zheng L, Chen S, Wang N, Pu X, Yu D, Yan H, Chen J, Wang D, Shen B, Li J, Pan S. NFIL3 and its immunoregulatory role in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Front Immunol 2022; 13:950144. [PMID: 36439145 PMCID: PMC9692021 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.950144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear-factor, interleukin 3 regulated (NFIL3) is an immune regulator that plays an essential role in autoimmune diseases. However, the relationship between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and NFIL3 remains largely unknown. In this study, we examined NFIL3 expression in RA patients and its potential molecular mechanisms in RA. Increased NFIL3 expression levels were identified in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 62 initially diagnosed RA patients and 75 healthy controls (HCs) by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). No correlation between NFIL3 and disease activity was observed. In addition, NFIL3 expression was significantly upregulated in RA synovial tissues analyzed in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset (GSE89408). Then, we classified synovial tissues into NFIL3-high (≥75%) and NFIL3-low (≤25%) groups according to NFIL3 expression levels. Four hundred five differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the NFIL3-high and NFIL3-low groups were screened out using the “limma” R package. Enrichment analysis showed that most of the enriched genes were primarily involved in the TNF signaling pathway via NFκB, IL-17 signaling pathway, and rheumatoid arthritis pathways. Then, 10 genes (IL6, IL1β, CXCL8, CCL2, PTGS2, MMP3, MMP1, FOS, SPP1, and ADIPOQ) were identified as hub genes, and most of them play a key role in RA. Positive correlations between the hub genes and NFIL3 were revealed by qRT-PCR in RA PBMCs. An NFIL3-related protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database, and four clusters (mainly participating in the inflammatory response, lipid metabolism process, extracellular matrix organization, and circadian rhythm) were constructed with MCODE in Cytoscape. Furthermore, 29 DEGs overlapped with RA-related genes from the RADB database and were mainly enriched in IL-17 signaling pathways. Thus, our study revealed the elevated expression of NFIL3 in both RA peripheral blood and synovial tissues, and the high expression of NFIL3 correlated with the abnormal inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory responses, which potentially contributed to RA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juping Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Liyuan Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Shuaishuai Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Xia Pu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Die Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Haixi Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Jiaxi Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Donglian Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Bo Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- *Correspondence: Shaobiao Pan, ; Jun Li,
| | - Shaobiao Pan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- *Correspondence: Shaobiao Pan, ; Jun Li,
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Xie T, Chen X, Liu C, Cai X, Xiang M, Liu S, Li R, Lin Z, Liu D, Dong M, Chen X, Zou M, Qiao P. New insight into the role of lipid metabolism-related proteins in rheumatic heart valve disease. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:110. [PMID: 36307855 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01722-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the expression of lipid metabolism-related proteins in rheumatic heart valve disease (RHVD). METHODS This retrospective study involved a total of 20 cases of moderate or severe rheumatic mitral valve stenosis and 4 cases of mitral regurgitation due to secondary causes from September 2018 to September 2021. The patients enrolled included 12 males and 12 females who underwent surgical excision of the mitral valve at the cardiac surgery department of Hainan General Hospital. The samples of mitral valve were collected during surgery treatment as the study group, and mitral valves collected from patients with ischemic heart disease were allocated into the control group. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE), oil red staining and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining were conducted to compare the expression of lipid metabolism-related proteins (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 and acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase-1), and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied to compare the mRNA levels of ABCA1, ACAT1, and the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-10, and MCP-1. RESULTS In general, the rheumatic mitral valve showed leaflet thickening along with border adhesions and visible yellow fats. Oil red O staining also revealed the abovementioned results as well as fat cells. Both ABCA1 and ACAT1 were expressed in the rheumatic mitral valve via IHC, whereas only ACAT1 showed a faint level of expression in the ischemic mitral valve with no expression of ABCA1. In addition, compared with the ischemic mitral valve, RT-PCT showed increased mRNA expression levels of ABCA1, ACAT1, and the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-10, and MCP-1 (P < 0.05). After dividing the RMs into two groups for RT-PCR, we found that the higher the expression of ABCA1 and ACAT1 was, the lower the relative expression of inflammatory factors. CONCLUSION This study showed that adipose tissue, adipose cells, and lipid transport-related proteins were expressed strongly in the rheumatic mitral valve, suggesting that adipose tissue formation might be one of the important pathways in the pathology of rheumatic heart disease. In addition, adipose tissue and adipocytes were also involved in the inflammatory process. These data provide new insight into pathological mechanisms in rheumatic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xie
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19 Xiuhua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou, 571000, Hainan, China.
| | - Xuan Chen
- International College of Nursing, Hainan Vocational University of Science and Technology, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xingjiu Cai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, No.19 Xiuhua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou, 571000, Hainan, China
| | - Mei Xiang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19 Xiuhua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou, 571000, Hainan, China
| | - Shiwu Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, No.19 Xiuhua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou, 571000, Hainan, China
| | - Ruzheng Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19 Xiuhua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou, 571000, Hainan, China
| | - Zhichuan Lin
- Department of Neurology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Debing Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19 Xiuhua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou, 571000, Hainan, China
| | - Ming Dong
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No.19 Xiuhua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou, 571000, Hainan, China
| | - Xinzhong Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Minghui Zou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou Women & Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Qiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, No.19 Xiuhua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou, 571000, Hainan, China.
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Huang J, An Q, Zhang CL, He L, Wang L. Decreased low‑density lipoprotein and the presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension among newly diagnosed drug‑naïve patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: D‑dimer as a mediator. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:595. [PMID: 35949327 PMCID: PMC9353521 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is commonly associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The present study investigated the relationship between coagulation and changes in lipid parameters in newly-diagnosed patients with SLE in the presence of PAH and whether the coagulation parameters were mediators between lipids and PAH presence. A total of 301 subjects scheduled for new-onset drug-naïve SLE were consecutively enrolled. Baseline data for patients without PAH and with PAH were gathered and compared. Coagulation and lipid parameters were compared across patients without lipid regulating and anticoagulation medications. Multivariable logistic regression model was applied to examine potential predictors of PAH in SLE. The relationships between them were examined using Spearman's correlation analysis. The relationship between coagulation index and lipids with SLE-PAH was evaluated using mediation analysis. Female patients accounted for 88.0% of the 301 subjects, and the average age was 32 years (range, 25-45 years). A total of 40 patients (13.3%) had PAH, and the average pulmonary artery systolic pressure (sPAP) was 55.825±26.67 mmHg. Patients with PAH were older and had higher levels of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP), D-dimer, C-reactive protein, lower levels of complement 3, complement 4 and 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 compared with the non-PAH group. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age and D-dimer were independent predictor factors for PAH. Among patients without lipid regulating and anticoagulation medications, patients in the PAH group had higher levels of D-dimer and FDP, and lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels compared with patients without PAH. There was also a positive relationship between sPAP and D-dimer and FDP, and a negative relationship between sPAP and total cholesterol and LDL. Mediation analysis indicated that 25.61% of the effect of low LDL on PAH presence in systemic lupus erythematosus was mediated by D-dimer. Overall, the effect of low LDL on SLE-PAH appeared to be mediated by D-dimer, which mediated 25.61% of this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Qi An
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Cai-Lian Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, P.R. China
| | - Lan He
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
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Ciurtin C, Pineda-Torra I, Jury EC, Robinson GA. CD8+ T-Cells in Juvenile-Onset SLE: From Pathogenesis to Comorbidities. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:904435. [PMID: 35801216 PMCID: PMC9254716 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.904435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in childhood [juvenile-onset (J) SLE], results in a more severe disease phenotype including major organ involvement, increased organ damage, cardiovascular disease risk and mortality compared to adult-onset SLE. Investigating early disease course in these younger JSLE patients could allow for timely intervention to improve long-term prognosis. However, precise mechanisms of pathogenesis are yet to be elucidated. Recently, CD8+ T-cells have emerged as a key pathogenic immune subset in JSLE, which are increased in patients compared to healthy individuals and associated with more active disease and organ involvement over time. CD8+ T-cell subsets have also been used to predict disease prognosis in adult-onset SLE, supporting the importance of studying this cell population in SLE across age. Recently, single-cell approaches have allowed for more detailed analysis of immune subsets in JSLE, where type-I IFN-signatures have been identified in CD8+ T-cells expressing high levels of granzyme K. In addition, JSLE patients with an increased cardiometabolic risk have increased CD8+ T-cells with elevated type-I IFN-signaling, activation and apoptotic pathways associated with atherosclerosis. Here we review the current evidence surrounding CD8+ T-cell dysregulation in JSLE and therapeutic strategies that could be used to reduce CD8+ T-cell inflammation to improve disease prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coziana Ciurtin
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ines Pineda-Torra
- Centre for Cardiometabolic and Vascular Science, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth C. Jury
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - George A. Robinson
- Centre for Rheumatology Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Robinson GA, Pineda-Torra I, Ciurtin C, Jury EC. Sex Differences in Lipid Metabolism: Implications for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Cardiovascular Disease Risk. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:914016. [PMID: 35712086 PMCID: PMC9197418 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.914016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that healthy women during childbearing years have a lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and coronary heart disease compared to age matched men. Various traditional risk factors have been shown to confer differential CVD susceptibilities by sex. Atherosclerosis is a major cause of CVD and mortality and sex differences in CVD risk could be due to reduced atherogenic low and very low-density lipoproteins (LDL and VLDL) and increased atheroprotective high density lipoproteins (HDLs) in women. In contrast, patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a chronic inflammatory disease that predominately affects women, have an increased atherosclerotic and CVD risk. This increased CVD risk is largely associated with dyslipidaemia, the imbalance of atherogenic and atheroprotective lipoproteins, a conventional CVD risk factor. In many women with SLE, dyslipidaemia is characterised by elevated LDL and reduced HDL, eradicating the sex-specific CVD protection observed in healthy women compared to men. This review will explore this paradox, reporting what is known regarding sex differences in lipid metabolism and CVD risk in the healthy population and transgender individuals undergoing cross-sex hormone therapy, and provide evidence for how these differences may be compromised in an autoimmune inflammatory disease setting. This could lead to better understanding of mechanistic changes in lipid metabolism driving the increased CVD risk by sex and in autoimmunity and highlight potential therapeutic targets to help reduce this risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A. Robinson
- Division of Medicine, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Medicine, Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ines Pineda-Torra
- Division of Medicine, Centre for Cardiometabolic and Vascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Coziana Ciurtin
- Division of Medicine, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Medicine, Centre for Adolescent Rheumatology Versus Arthritis, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth C. Jury
- Division of Medicine, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Soltani H, Keim NL, Laugero KD. Waking Salivary Cortisol Associated with Magnitude of Cholesterol Reduction in Women Fed a Healthy Whole-Food Diet for 8 Weeks. Curr Dev Nutr 2022; 6:nzac083. [PMID: 35669046 PMCID: PMC9155168 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzac083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diet and cortisol are independently linked to cardiometabolic function and health, but underlying alterations in circulating cortisol may influence beneficial cardiometabolic effects of consuming a healthy diet. Objective This study was a secondary analysis to examine whether baseline concentrations of waking salivary cortisol interacted with 8-wk whole-food diet interventions to affect cardiometabolic outcomes. Methods A randomized, double-blind, controlled 8-wk diet intervention was conducted in 44 participants. The trial was conducted at the Western Human Nutrition Research Center in Davis, California. Participants were overweight or obese women aged 20-64 y, minimally active, and insulin resistant and/or dyslipidemic. Diets were randomly assigned and based on the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) or a typical American diet (TAD). Cardiometabolic risk factors and salivary cortisol were assessed at baseline and at 8 wk. Primary outcome measures included 8-wk change in overnight fasted cardiometabolic risk factors, including blood pressure, BMI, and circulating triglycerides, cholesterol, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), nonesterified fatty acids, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. This trial was approved by the University of California, Davis, Institutional Review Board. Results Baseline waking cortisol concentrations interacted (P = 0.0474) with diet to affect 8-wk changes in fasting total cholesterol. Compared with a TAD, a DGA diet was associated with 8-wk decreases in total cholesterol in participants with low (10th percentile of all participants; 2.76 nmol/L) or average (7.76 nmol/L) but not higher (90th percentile of all participants; 13.44 nmol/L) baseline waking cortisol. Consistent with this finding, there was a DGA-specific positive association (P = 0.0047; b: 2.88 ± 0.94) between baseline waking cortisol and 8-wk increases in total cholesterol. Conclusions The underlying status of waking cortisol may explain interindividual variability in total cholesterol responses to whole-food diets. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02298725) as NCT02298725.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Soltani
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nancy L Keim
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, USDA/Agricultural Research Service/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Kevin D Laugero
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, USDA/Agricultural Research Service/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA
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Coras R, Murillo-Saich JD, Singh AG, Kavanaugh A, Guma M. Lipidomic Profiling in Synovial Tissue. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:857135. [PMID: 35492314 PMCID: PMC9051397 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.857135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The analysis of synovial tissue offers the potential for the comprehensive characterization of cell types involved in arthritis pathogenesis. The studies performed to date in synovial tissue have made it possible to define synovial pathotypes, which relate to disease severity and response to treatment. Lipidomics is the branch of metabolomics that allows the quantification and identification of lipids in different biological samples. Studies in animal models of arthritis and in serum/plasma from patients with arthritis suggest the involvement of different types of lipids (glycerophospholipids, glycerolipids, sphingolipids, oxylipins, fatty acids) in the pathogenesis of arthritis. We reviewed studies that quantified lipids in different types of tissues and their relationship with inflammation. We propose that combining lipidomics with currently used “omics” techniques can improve the information obtained from the analysis of synovial tissue, for a better understanding of pathogenesis and the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Coras
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jessica D. Murillo-Saich
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Abha G. Singh
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Arthur Kavanaugh
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Monica Guma
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- San Diego VA Healthcare Service, San Diego, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Monica Guma
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Wang M, Huang S, Lin X, Wen C, He Z, Huang L. The Causal Relationship Between Blood Lipids and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Risk: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. Front Genet 2022; 13:858653. [PMID: 35495122 PMCID: PMC9043646 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.858653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although observational studies have demonstrated that blood lipids were associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the causality of this association remains elusive as traditional observational studies were prone to confounding and reverse causality biases. Here, this study attempted to reveal the potential causal link between SLE and the levels of four blood lipids (HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, TG, and TC).Methods: Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was employed to explore the unconfounded causal associations between the four blood lipids and SLE. In addition, regression-based Multivariate MR (MVMR) to quantify the possible mediation effects of blood lipids on SLE. After a rigorous evaluation of the quality of studies, the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the four blood lipids were selected from the Global Lipids Genetic Consortium (GLGC) consisted of 188,577 individuals of European ancestry, and the SNPs related to SLE were selected from a large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) database named IEU GWAS. Subsequently, MR analyses were conducted with inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, weighted mode, simple mode, and MR-Egger regression. Sensitivity analyses were performed to verify whether heterogeneity and pleiotropy led to bias in the MR results.Results: Bidirectional two-sample MR results demonstrated that there was no significant causal association between SLE and the four blood lipids (When setting SLE as outcome, HDL cholesterol and SLE, IVW OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.05∼1.66, p = 1.78E-02; LDL cholesterol and SLE, IVW OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.04∼1.53, p = 2.04E-02; TG and SLE, IVW OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.71∼1.51, p = 8.44E-01; TC and SLE, IVW OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.89∼1.29, p = 4.42E-01; When setting SLE as exposure, SLE and HDL cholesterol, IVW OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.99∼1.01, p = 9.51E-01; SLE and LDL cholesterol, IVW OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98∼1.00, p = 3.14E-01; SLE and TG, IVW OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98∼1.00, p = 1.30E-02; SLE and TC, IVW OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98∼1.00, p = 1.56E-01). Our MVMR analysis also provided little evidence that genetically determined lipid traits were significantly associated with the risk of SLE (HDL cholesterol and SLE, p = 9.63E-02; LDL cholesterol and SLE, p = 9.63E-02; TG and SLE, p = 8.44E-01; TC and SLE, p = 4.42E-01).Conclusion: In conclusion, these data provide evidence that genetic changes in lipid traits are not significantly associated with SLE risk in the European population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zhixing He
- *Correspondence: Zhixing He, ; Lin Huang,
| | - Lin Huang
- *Correspondence: Zhixing He, ; Lin Huang,
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Huang JK, Lee HC. Emerging Evidence of Pathological Roles of Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4300. [PMID: 35457118 PMCID: PMC9031540 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Embraced with apolipoproteins (Apo) B and Apo E, triglyceride-enriched very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) is secreted by the liver into circulation, mainly during post-meal hours. Here, we present a brief review of the physiological role of VLDL and a systemic review of the emerging evidence supporting its pathological roles. VLDL promotes atherosclerosis in metabolic syndrome (MetS). VLDL isolated from subjects with MetS exhibits cytotoxicity to atrial myocytes, induces atrial myopathy, and promotes vulnerability to atrial fibrillation. VLDL levels are affected by a number of endocrinological disorders and can be increased by therapeutic supplementation with cortisol, growth hormone, progesterone, and estrogen. VLDL promotes aldosterone secretion, which contributes to hypertension. VLDL induces neuroinflammation, leading to cognitive dysfunction. VLDL levels are also correlated with chronic kidney disease, autoimmune disorders, and some dermatological diseases. The extra-hepatic secretion of VLDL derived from intestinal dysbiosis is suggested to be harmful. Emerging evidence suggests disturbed VLDL metabolism in sleep disorders and in cancer development and progression. In addition to VLDL, the VLDL receptor (VLDLR) may affect both VLDL metabolism and carcinogenesis. Overall, emerging evidence supports the pathological roles of VLDL in multi-organ diseases. To better understand the fundamental mechanisms of how VLDL promotes disease development, elucidation of the quality control of VLDL and of the regulation and signaling of VLDLR should be indispensable. With this, successful VLDL-targeted therapies can be discovered in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jih-Kai Huang
- Department of General Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Hsiang-Chun Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
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