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Dinur-Schejter Y, Zaidman I, Mor-Shaked H, Stepensky P. The Clinical Aspect of Adaptor Molecules in T Cell Signaling: Lessons Learnt From Inborn Errors of Immunity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:701704. [PMID: 34456914 PMCID: PMC8397411 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.701704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptor molecules lack enzymatic and transcriptional activities. Instead, they exert their function by linking multiple proteins into intricate complexes, allowing for transmitting and fine-tuning of signals. Many adaptor molecules play a crucial role in T-cell signaling, following engagement of the T-cell receptor (TCR). In this review, we focus on Linker of Activation of T cells (LAT) and SH2 domain-containing leukocyte protein of 76 KDa (SLP-76). Monogenic defects in these adaptor proteins, with known roles in T-cell signaling, have been described as the cause of human inborn errors of immunity (IEI). We describe the current knowledge based on defects in cell lines, murine models and human patients. Germline mutations in Adhesion and degranulation adaptor protein (ADAP), have not resulted in a T-cell defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Dinur-Schejter
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,The Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cancer Immunotherapy Department, Hadassah Ein Kerem Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.,Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Hadassah Ein-Kerem Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Irina Zaidman
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,The Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cancer Immunotherapy Department, Hadassah Ein Kerem Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hagar Mor-Shaked
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Monique and Jacques Roboh Department of Genetic Research, Hadassah Ein Kerem Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Polina Stepensky
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,The Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cancer Immunotherapy Department, Hadassah Ein Kerem Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Ye W, Zhou Y, Xu B, Zhu D, Rui X, Xu M, Shi L, Zhang D, Jiang J. CD247 expression is associated with differentiation and classification in ovarian cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e18407. [PMID: 31861005 PMCID: PMC6940041 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in female reproductive system and most OC cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage with the overall 5-year survival rate below 40%. The function of CD247 enhances T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) signaling cascade and it is necessary for assembling of the TCR/CD3 complex on the surface of T lymphocytes. It is well established that defective CD247 function leads to impaired activation of T cells upon engagement of the TCR.Flow cytometry was used to examine the difference of CD247 T lymphocyte between the OC and ovarian cyst, immunohistochemistry analysis was used to investigate the correlation between CD247 expression and clinicopathologic features of epithelial OC patients.Our study showed that the expression of CD247 in peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with OC is decreased compared with ovarian cyst patients and the expression of CD247 in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes with cancer tissue is decreased compared with adjacent tissues. We showed that abnormal expression of CD247 was related with differentiation and classification in OC.Our findings suggested that CD247-targeted treatment could be used as a potential therapeutic strategy for OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Ye
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment
| | - Dawei Zhu
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment
| | | | - Ming Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
| | | | - Dachuan Zhang
- Department of pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University
| | - Jingting Jiang
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Tumor Immunotherapy, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
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3
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Hart M, Walch-Rückheim B, Friedmann KS, Rheinheimer S, Tänzer T, Glombitza B, Sester M, Lenhof HP, Hoth M, Schwarz EC, Keller A, Meese E. miR-34a: a new player in the regulation of T cell function by modulation of NF-κB signaling. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:46. [PMID: 30718475 PMCID: PMC6362007 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1295-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
NF-κB functions as modulator of T cell receptor-mediated signaling and transcriptional regulator of miR-34a. Our in silico analysis revealed that miR-34a impacts the NF-κB signalosome with miR-34a binding sites in 14 key members of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Functional analysis identified five target genes of miR-34a including PLCG1, CD3E, PIK3CB, TAB2, and NFΚBIA. Overexpression of miR-34a in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells led to a significant decrease of NFΚBIA as the most downstream cytoplasmic NF-κB member, a reduced cell surface abundance of TCRA and CD3E, and to a reduction of T cell killing capacity. Inhibition of miR-34a caused an increase of NFΚBIA, TCRA, and CD3E. Notably, activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells entrails a gradual increase of miR-34a. Our results lend further support to a model with miR-34a as a central NF-κB regulator in T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hart
- Institute of Human Genetics, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany.
| | - Barbara Walch-Rückheim
- Institute of Virology and Center of Human and Molecular Biology, Saarland University Medical School, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Kim S Friedmann
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | | | - Tanja Tänzer
- Institute of Virology and Center of Human and Molecular Biology, Saarland University Medical School, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Glombitza
- Institute of Virology and Center of Human and Molecular Biology, Saarland University Medical School, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Martina Sester
- Department of Transplant and Infection Immunology, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Lenhof
- Center for Bioinformatics, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Markus Hoth
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Eva C Schwarz
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | | | - Eckart Meese
- Institute of Human Genetics, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
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Abstract
Heart diseases are major causes of mortality. Cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial infarction (MI), viral cardiomyopathy, ischemic and reperfusion (I/R) heart injury finally lead to heart failure and death. Insulin and IGF1 signal pathways play key roles in normal cardiomyocyte growth and physiological cardiac hypertrophy while inflammatory signal pathway is associated with pathological cardiac hypertrophy, MI, viral cardiomyopathy, I/R heart injury, and heart failure. Adapter proteins are the major family proteins, which transduce signals from insulin, IGF1, or cytokine receptors to the downstream pathways and have been shown to regulate variety of heart diseases. Here, we summarized the recent advances in understanding the physiological and pathological roles of adapter proteins in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tao
- Cardiovascular Center, 305 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100017, China
| | - Linna Jia
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, China
| | - Yuntian Li
- Cardiovascular Center, 305 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100017, China
| | - Chengyun Song
- Cardiovascular Center, 305 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100017, China.
| | - Zheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, China.
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Hao YE, He DF, Yin RH, Chen H, Wang J, Wang SX, Zhan YQ, Ge CH, Li CY, Yu M, Yang XM. GIT2 deficiency attenuates concanavalin A-induced hepatitis in mice. FEBS Open Bio 2015; 5:688-704. [PMID: 26380813 PMCID: PMC4556731 DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
GIT2 depletion attenuates Con A-induced immunological hepatic injuries. GIT2 depletion suppressed the activation and function of mouse CD4+ T cells. GIT2 depletion suppressed liver infiltration by lymphoid cells after Con A treatment. There were lower levels of proinflammatory cytokines in Git2−/− mice after Con A injection.
G protein-coupled receptor kinase interactor 2 (GIT2) is a signaling scaffold protein involved in regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics and the internalization of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The short-splice form of GIT2 is expressed in peripheral T cells and thymocytes. However, the functions of GIT2 in T cells have not yet been determined. We show that treatment with Con A in a model of polyclonal T-lymphocyte activation resulted in marked inhibitions in the intrahepatic infiltration of inflammatory cells, cytokine response and acute liver failure in Git2−/− mice. CD4+ T cells from Git2−/− mice showed significant impairment in proliferation, cytokine production and signal transduction upon TCR-stimulated activation. Our results suggested that GIT2 plays an important role in T-cell function in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-E Hao
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China ; State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Dong-Fang He
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China ; Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Rong-Hua Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shao-Xia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yi-Qun Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Chang-Hui Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Chang-Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Miao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Yang
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China ; State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China ; Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
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Ebsen H, Lettau M, Kabelitz D, Janssen O. Identification of SH3 domain proteins interacting with the cytoplasmic tail of the a disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10). PLoS One 2014; 9:e102899. [PMID: 25036101 PMCID: PMC4103893 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The a disintegrin and metalloproteases (ADAMs) play a pivotal role in the control of development, adhesion, migration, inflammation and cancer. Although numerous substrates of ADAM10 have been identified, the regulation of its surface expression and proteolytic activity is still poorly defined. One current hypothesis is that both processes are in part modulated by protein-protein interactions mediated by the intracellular portion of the protease. For related proteases, especially proline-rich regions serving as docking sites for Src homology domain 3 (SH3) domain-containing proteins proved to be important for mediating regulatory interactions. In order to identify ADAM10-binding SH3 domain proteins, we screened the All SH3 Domain Phager library comprising 305 human SH3 domains using a GST fusion protein with the intracellular region of human ADAM10 as a bait for selection. Of a total of 291 analyzed phage clones, we found 38 SH3 domains that were precipitated with the ADAM10-derived fusion protein but not with GST. We verified the binding to the cytosolic portion of ADAM10 for several candidates by co-immunoprecipitation and/or pull down analyses. Intriguingly, several of the identified proteins have been implicated in regulating surface appearance and/or proteolytic activity of related ADAMs. Thus, it seems likely that they also play a role in ADAM10 biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriette Ebsen
- University of Kiel, Molecular Immunology, Institute for Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marcus Lettau
- University of Kiel, Molecular Immunology, Institute for Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dieter Kabelitz
- University of Kiel, Molecular Immunology, Institute for Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ottmar Janssen
- University of Kiel, Molecular Immunology, Institute for Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- * E-mail:
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7
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Dütting S, Vögtle T, Morowski M, Schiessl S, Schäfer CM, Watson SK, Hughes CE, Ackermann JA, Radtke D, Hermanns HM, Watson SP, Nitschke L, Nieswandt B. Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 contributes to (hem)immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif-mediated signaling in platelets. Circ Res 2013; 114:444-453. [PMID: 24265393 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.114.302670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Platelets are anuclear cell fragments derived from bone marrow megakaryocytes (MKs) that safeguard vascular integrity but may also cause pathological vessel occlusion. One major pathway of platelet activation is triggered by 2 receptors that signal through an (hem)immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM), the activating collagen receptor glycoprotein (GP) VI and the C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2). Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 (Grb2) is a ubiquitously expressed adapter molecule involved in signaling processes of numerous receptors in different cell types, but its function in platelets and MKs is unknown. OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that Grb2 is a crucial adapter protein in (hem)immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif signaling in platelets. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we show that genetic ablation of Grb2 in MKs and platelets did not interfere with MK differentiation or platelet production. However, Grb2-deficiency severely impaired glycoprotein VI-mediated platelet activation because of defective stabilization of the linker of activated T-cell (LAT) signalosome and activation of downstream signaling proteins that resulted in reduced adhesion, aggregation, and coagulant activity on collagen in vitro. Similarly, CLEC-2-mediated signaling was impaired in Grb2-deficient platelets, whereas the cells responded normally to stimulation of G protein-coupled receptors. In vivo, this selective (hem)immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif signaling defect resulted in prolonged bleeding times but affected arterial thrombus formation only after concomitant treatment with acetylsalicylic acid, indicating that defective glycoprotein VI signaling in the absence of Grb2 can be compensated through thromboxane A2-induced G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS These results reveal an important contribution of Grb2 in (hem)immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif signaling in platelets in hemostasis and thrombosis by stabilizing the LAT signalosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Dütting
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg (S.D., T.V., M.M., S.S., B.N.) and Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine (S.D., T.V., C.M.S., H.M.H., B.N.), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (S.K.W., C.E.H., S.P.W.); and Department of Biology, Division of Genetics, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (J.A.A., D.R., L.N.)
| | - Timo Vögtle
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg (S.D., T.V., M.M., S.S., B.N.) and Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine (S.D., T.V., C.M.S., H.M.H., B.N.), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (S.K.W., C.E.H., S.P.W.); and Department of Biology, Division of Genetics, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (J.A.A., D.R., L.N.)
| | - Martina Morowski
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg (S.D., T.V., M.M., S.S., B.N.) and Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine (S.D., T.V., C.M.S., H.M.H., B.N.), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (S.K.W., C.E.H., S.P.W.); and Department of Biology, Division of Genetics, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (J.A.A., D.R., L.N.)
| | - Sarah Schiessl
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg (S.D., T.V., M.M., S.S., B.N.) and Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine (S.D., T.V., C.M.S., H.M.H., B.N.), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (S.K.W., C.E.H., S.P.W.); and Department of Biology, Division of Genetics, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (J.A.A., D.R., L.N.)
| | - Carmen M Schäfer
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg (S.D., T.V., M.M., S.S., B.N.) and Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine (S.D., T.V., C.M.S., H.M.H., B.N.), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (S.K.W., C.E.H., S.P.W.); and Department of Biology, Division of Genetics, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (J.A.A., D.R., L.N.)
| | - Stephanie K Watson
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg (S.D., T.V., M.M., S.S., B.N.) and Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine (S.D., T.V., C.M.S., H.M.H., B.N.), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (S.K.W., C.E.H., S.P.W.); and Department of Biology, Division of Genetics, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (J.A.A., D.R., L.N.)
| | - Craig E Hughes
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg (S.D., T.V., M.M., S.S., B.N.) and Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine (S.D., T.V., C.M.S., H.M.H., B.N.), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (S.K.W., C.E.H., S.P.W.); and Department of Biology, Division of Genetics, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (J.A.A., D.R., L.N.)
| | - Jochen A Ackermann
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg (S.D., T.V., M.M., S.S., B.N.) and Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine (S.D., T.V., C.M.S., H.M.H., B.N.), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (S.K.W., C.E.H., S.P.W.); and Department of Biology, Division of Genetics, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (J.A.A., D.R., L.N.)
| | - Daniel Radtke
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg (S.D., T.V., M.M., S.S., B.N.) and Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine (S.D., T.V., C.M.S., H.M.H., B.N.), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (S.K.W., C.E.H., S.P.W.); and Department of Biology, Division of Genetics, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (J.A.A., D.R., L.N.)
| | - Heike M Hermanns
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg (S.D., T.V., M.M., S.S., B.N.) and Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine (S.D., T.V., C.M.S., H.M.H., B.N.), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (S.K.W., C.E.H., S.P.W.); and Department of Biology, Division of Genetics, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (J.A.A., D.R., L.N.)
| | - Steve P Watson
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg (S.D., T.V., M.M., S.S., B.N.) and Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine (S.D., T.V., C.M.S., H.M.H., B.N.), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (S.K.W., C.E.H., S.P.W.); and Department of Biology, Division of Genetics, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (J.A.A., D.R., L.N.)
| | - Lars Nitschke
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg (S.D., T.V., M.M., S.S., B.N.) and Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine (S.D., T.V., C.M.S., H.M.H., B.N.), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (S.K.W., C.E.H., S.P.W.); and Department of Biology, Division of Genetics, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (J.A.A., D.R., L.N.)
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg (S.D., T.V., M.M., S.S., B.N.) and Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine (S.D., T.V., C.M.S., H.M.H., B.N.), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom (S.K.W., C.E.H., S.P.W.); and Department of Biology, Division of Genetics, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (J.A.A., D.R., L.N.)
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8
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Son M, Park I, Lee OH, Rhee I, Park C, Yun Y. LIME mediates immunological synapse formation through activation of VAV. Mol Cells 2012; 33:407-14. [PMID: 22395814 PMCID: PMC3887804 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-012-0011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lck Interacting Membrane protein (LIME) was previously characterized as a transmembrane adaptor protein mediating TCR-dependent T cell activation. Here, we show that LIME associates with Vav in response to TCR stimulation and is required for Vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity for Rac1. Consistent with this finding, actin polymerization at the immunological synapse (IS) was markedly enhanced by overexpression of LIME, but was reduced by expression of a LIME shRNA. Moreover, TCR-mediated cell adhesion to ICAM-1, laminin, or fibronectin was downregulated by expression of LIME shRNA. In addition, in the IS, LIME but not LAT was found to localize at the peripheral-supramolecular activation cluster (p-SMAC) where the integrins were previously shown to be localized. Together, these results establish LIME as a transmembrane adaptor protein linking TCR stimulation to IS formation and integrin activation through activation of Vav.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoungsun Son
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans’ University, Seoul 120-750,
Korea
| | - Inyoung Park
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans’ University, Seoul 120-750,
Korea
| | - Ok-Hee Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans’ University, Seoul 120-750,
Korea
| | - Inmoo Rhee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans’ University, Seoul 120-750,
Korea
| | - Changwon Park
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans’ University, Seoul 120-750,
Korea
| | - Yungdae Yun
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans’ University, Seoul 120-750,
Korea
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9
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Zarbock A, Abram CL, Hundt M, Altman A, Lowell CA, Ley K. PSGL-1 engagement by E-selectin signals through Src kinase Fgr and ITAM adapters DAP12 and FcR gamma to induce slow leukocyte rolling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 205:2339-47. [PMID: 18794338 PMCID: PMC2556779 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20072660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
E-selectin binding to P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) can activate the β2 integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 by signaling through spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk). This signaling is independent of Gαi-protein–coupled receptors, results in slow rolling, and promotes neutrophil recruitment to sites of inflammation. However, the signaling pathways linking E-selectin engagement of PSGL-1 to Syk activation are unknown. To test the role of Src family kinases and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activating motif (ITAM)–containing adaptor proteins, we used different gene-deficient mice in flow chamber, intravital microscopy, and peritonitis studies. E-selectin–mediated phosphorylation of Syk and slow rolling was abolished in neutrophils from fgr−/− or hck−/− lyn−/− fgr−/− mice. Neutrophils from Tyrobp−/− Fcrg−/− mice lacking both DAP12 and FcRγ were incapable of sustaining slow neutrophil rolling on E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and were unable to phosphorylate Syk and p38 MAPK. This defect was confirmed in vivo by using mixed chimeric mice. Gαi-independent neutrophil recruitment into the inflamed peritoneal cavity was sharply suppressed in Tyrobp−/− Fcrg−/− mice. Our data demonstrate that an ITAM-dependent pathway involving the Src-family kinase Fgr and the ITAM-containing adaptor proteins DAP12 and FcRγ is involved in the initial signaling events downstream of PSGL-1 that are required to initiate neutrophil slow rolling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Zarbock
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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10
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Lapinski PE, Oliver JA, Kamen LA, Hughes ED, Saunders TL, King PD. Genetic analysis of SH2D4A, a novel adapter protein related to T cell-specific adapter and adapter protein in lymphocytes of unknown function, reveals a redundant function in T cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2008; 181:2019-27. [PMID: 18641339 PMCID: PMC2613811 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.3.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
T cell-specific adapter (TSAd) protein and adapter protein in lymphocytes of unknown function (ALX) are two related Src homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing signaling adapter molecules that have both been shown to regulate TCR signal transduction in T cells. TSAd is required for normal TCR-induced synthesis of IL-2 and other cytokines in T cells and acts at least in part by promoting activation of the LCK protein tyrosine kinase at the outset of the TCR signaling cascade. By contrast, ALX functions as a negative-regulator of TCR-induced IL-2 synthesis through as yet undetermined mechanisms. In this study, we report a novel T cell-expressed adapter protein named SH2D4A that contains an SH2 domain that is highly homologous to the TSAd protein and ALX SH2 domains and that shares other structural features with these adapters. To examine the function of SH2D4A in T cells we produced SH2D4A-deficient mice by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. T cell development, homeostasis, proliferation, and function were all found to be normal in these mice. Furthermore, knockdown of SH2D4A expression in human T cells did not impact upon their function. We conclude that in contrast to TSAd and ALX proteins, SH2D4A is dispensable for TCR signal transduction in T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip E. Lapinski
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Jennifer A. Oliver
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Lynn A. Kamen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Elizabeth D. Hughes
- Transgenic Animal Model Core, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Thomas L. Saunders
- Transgenic Animal Model Core, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Philip D. King
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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11
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Pan Z, Shen Y, Ge B, Du C, McKeithan T, Chan WC. Studies of a germinal centre B-cell expressed gene, GCET2, suggest its role as a membrane associated adapter protein. Br J Haematol 2007; 137:578-90. [PMID: 17489982 PMCID: PMC2396194 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2007.06597.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
GCET2 (Germinal centre B-cell expressed transcript 2; also named HGAL) is a newly cloned gene that has been shown to be a useful marker for germinal centre (GC) B cells and GC B-cell derived malignancies, including follicular lymphomas and germinal centre B cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (GCB-DLBCLs), and is a useful prognosticator for DLBCLs. We report here the biochemical and biological properties of GCET2, which may help to determine its role in the GC reaction. GCET2 is constitutively localised in the plasma membrane but is excluded from lipid rafts. GCET2 does not have a transmembrane domain, and its membrane localisation is mediated by myristoylation and palmitoylation. GCET2 has five conserved putative tyrosine phosphorylation sites, and it can be phosphorylated following pervanadate treatment in B cells. By serially mutating the five tyrosines, the third and fourth tyrosines were found to be essential for GCET2 phosphorylation. GCET2 was phosphorylated when co-transfected into COS7 cells with protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) LYN, LCK or SYK, and therefore it could be a substrate of these kinases in B cells. The third tyrosine site ((107)YENV) of GCET2 is a consensus GRB2 binding site, and GCET2 was found to associate with GRB2 through the third tyrosine following phosphorylation. Our data suggests that GCET2 may be an adaptor protein in GC B cells that transduces signals from GC B-cell membrane to the cytosol via its association with GRB2.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Animals
- B-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Base Sequence
- Binding Sites
- COS Cells
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Membrane/metabolism
- Chlorocebus aethiops
- GRB2 Adaptor Protein/metabolism
- Germinal Center/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunoblotting
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
- Lymphoma, Follicular/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/metabolism
- Mice
- Microfilament Proteins
- Microscopy, Confocal
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Sequence Alignment
- Transduction, Genetic/methods
- Transfection/methods
- Vanadates/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenggang Pan
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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12
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Microarray and comparative genomics-based identification of genes and gene regulatory regions of the mouse immune system. BMC Genomics 2004; 5:82. [PMID: 15504237 PMCID: PMC534115 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-5-82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2004] [Accepted: 10/25/2004] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In this study we have built and mined a gene expression database composed of 65 diverse mouse tissues for genes preferentially expressed in immune tissues and cell types. Using expression pattern criteria, we identified 360 genes with preferential expression in thymus, spleen, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, lymph nodes (unstimulated or stimulated), or in vitro activated T-cells. Results Gene clusters, formed based on similarity of expression-pattern across either all tissues or the immune tissues only, had highly significant associations both with immunological processes such as chemokine-mediated response, antigen processing, receptor-related signal transduction, and transcriptional regulation, and also with more general processes such as replication and cell cycle control. Within-cluster gene correlations implicated known associations of known genes, as well as immune process-related roles for poorly described genes. To characterize regulatory mechanisms and cis-elements of genes with similar patterns of expression, we used a new version of a comparative genomics-based cis-element analysis tool to identify clusters of cis-elements with compositional similarity among multiple genes. Several clusters contained genes that shared 5–6 cis-elements that included ETS and zinc-finger binding sites. cis-Elements AP2 EGRF ETSF MAZF SP1F ZF5F and AREB ETSF MZF1 PAX5 STAT were shared in a thymus-expressed set; AP4R E2FF EBOX ETSF MAZF SP1F ZF5F and CREB E2FF MAZF PCAT SP1F STAT cis-clusters occurred in activated T-cells; CEBP CREB NFKB SORY and GATA NKXH OCT1 RBIT occurred in stimulated lymph nodes. Conclusion This study demonstrates a series of analytic approaches that have allowed the implication of genes and regulatory elements that participate in the differentiation, maintenance, and function of the immune system. Polymorphism or mutation of these could adversely impact immune system functions.
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13
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Xing L, Donlin LT, Miller RH, Alexandropoulos K. The adapter molecule Sin regulates T-cell-receptor-mediated signal transduction by modulating signaling substrate availability. Mol Cell Biol 2004; 24:4581-92. [PMID: 15121874 PMCID: PMC400453 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.24.10.4581-4592.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Engagement of the T-cell receptor (TCR) results in the activation of a multitude of signaling events that regulate the function of T lymphocytes. These signaling events are in turn modulated by adapter molecules, which control the final functional output through the formation of multiprotein complexes. In this report, we identified the adapter molecule Sin as a new regulator of T-cell activation. We found that the expression of Sin in transgenic T lymphocytes and Jurkat T cells inhibited interleukin-2 expression and T-cell proliferation. This inhibitory effect was specific and was due to defective phospholipase C-gamma (PLC-gamma) phosphorylation and activation. In contrast to other adapters that become phosphorylated upon TCR stimulation, Sin was constitutively phosphorylated in resting cells by the Src kinase Fyn and bound to signaling intermediates, including PLC-gamma. In stimulated cells, Sin was transiently dephosphorylated, which coincided with transient dissociation of Fyn and PLC-gamma. Downregulation of Sin expression using Sin-specific short interfering RNA oligonucleotides inhibited transcriptional activation in response to TCR stimulation. Our results suggest that endogenous Sin influences T-lymphocyte signaling by sequestering signaling substrates and regulating their availability and/or activity in resting cells, while Sin is required for targeting these intermediates to the TCR for fast signal transmission during stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luzhou Xing
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA
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14
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Pfeifhofer C, Kofler K, Gruber T, Tabrizi NG, Lutz C, Maly K, Leitges M, Baier G. Protein kinase C theta affects Ca2+ mobilization and NFAT cell activation in primary mouse T cells. J Exp Med 2003; 197:1525-35. [PMID: 12782715 PMCID: PMC2193906 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20020234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase C (PKC)theta is an established component of the immunological synapse and has been implicated in the control of AP-1 and NF-kappaB. To study the physiological function of PKCtheta, we used gene targeting to generate a PKCtheta null allele in mice. Consistently, interleukin 2 production and T cell proliferative responses were strongly reduced in PKCtheta-deficient T cells. Surprisingly, however, we demonstrate that after CD3/CD28 engagement, deficiency of PKCtheta primarily abrogates NFAT transactivation. In contrast, NF-kappaB activation was only partially reduced. This NFAT transactivation defect appears to be secondary to reduced inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate generation and intracellular Ca2+ mobilization. Our finding suggests that PKCtheta plays a critical and nonredundant role in T cell receptor-induced NFAT activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa Pfeifhofer
- Institute of Medical Biology and Human Genetics, University of Innsbruck, Schoepfstrasse 41, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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15
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Boehm T, Hofer S, Winklehner P, Kellersch B, Geiger C, Trockenbacher A, Neyer S, Fiegl H, Ebner S, Ivarsson L, Schneider R, Kremmer E, Heufler C, Kolanus W. Attenuation of cell adhesion in lymphocytes is regulated by CYTIP, a protein which mediates signal complex sequestration. EMBO J 2003; 22:1014-24. [PMID: 12606567 PMCID: PMC150334 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/cdg101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
An important theme in molecular cell biology is the regulation of protein recruitment to the plasma membrane. Fundamental biological processes such as proliferation, differentiation or leukocyte functions are initiated and controlled through the reversible binding of signaling proteins to phosphorylated membrane components. This is mediated by specialized interaction modules, such as SH2 and PH domains. Cytohesin-1 is an intracellular guanine nucleotide exchange factor, which regulates leukocyte adhesion. The activity of cytohesin-1 is controlled by phospho inositide-dependent membrane recruitment. An interacting protein was identified, the expression of which is upregulated by cytokines in hematopoietic cells. This molecule, CYTIP, is also recruited to the cell cortex by integrin signaling via its PDZ domain. However, stimulation of Jurkat cells with phorbol ester results in re-localization of CYTIP to the cytoplasm, and membrane detachment of cytohesin-1 strictly requires co-expression of CYTIP. Consequently, stimulated adhesion of Jurkat cells to intracellular adhesion molecule-1 is repressed by CYTIP. These findings outline a novel mechanism of signal chain abrogation through sequestration of a limiting component by specific protein-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Boehm
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Gene Center, University of Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 25, D-81377 Munich, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Marchioninistraße 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck and Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Peter Mayerstraße 1, Innsbruck, Austria Present address: Institute of Molecular Physiology and Developmental Biology, Division of Cellular Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
T.Boehm and S.Hofer contributed equally to this work
| | - Susanne Hofer
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Gene Center, University of Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 25, D-81377 Munich, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Marchioninistraße 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck and Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Peter Mayerstraße 1, Innsbruck, Austria Present address: Institute of Molecular Physiology and Developmental Biology, Division of Cellular Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
T.Boehm and S.Hofer contributed equally to this work
| | - Patricia Winklehner
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Gene Center, University of Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 25, D-81377 Munich, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Marchioninistraße 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck and Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Peter Mayerstraße 1, Innsbruck, Austria Present address: Institute of Molecular Physiology and Developmental Biology, Division of Cellular Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
T.Boehm and S.Hofer contributed equally to this work
| | - Bettina Kellersch
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Gene Center, University of Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 25, D-81377 Munich, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Marchioninistraße 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck and Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Peter Mayerstraße 1, Innsbruck, Austria Present address: Institute of Molecular Physiology and Developmental Biology, Division of Cellular Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
T.Boehm and S.Hofer contributed equally to this work
| | - Christiane Geiger
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Gene Center, University of Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 25, D-81377 Munich, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Marchioninistraße 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck and Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Peter Mayerstraße 1, Innsbruck, Austria Present address: Institute of Molecular Physiology and Developmental Biology, Division of Cellular Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
T.Boehm and S.Hofer contributed equally to this work
| | - Alexander Trockenbacher
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Gene Center, University of Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 25, D-81377 Munich, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Marchioninistraße 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck and Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Peter Mayerstraße 1, Innsbruck, Austria Present address: Institute of Molecular Physiology and Developmental Biology, Division of Cellular Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
T.Boehm and S.Hofer contributed equally to this work
| | - Susanne Neyer
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Gene Center, University of Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 25, D-81377 Munich, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Marchioninistraße 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck and Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Peter Mayerstraße 1, Innsbruck, Austria Present address: Institute of Molecular Physiology and Developmental Biology, Division of Cellular Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
T.Boehm and S.Hofer contributed equally to this work
| | - Heidi Fiegl
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Gene Center, University of Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 25, D-81377 Munich, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Marchioninistraße 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck and Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Peter Mayerstraße 1, Innsbruck, Austria Present address: Institute of Molecular Physiology and Developmental Biology, Division of Cellular Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
T.Boehm and S.Hofer contributed equally to this work
| | - Susanne Ebner
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Gene Center, University of Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 25, D-81377 Munich, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Marchioninistraße 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck and Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Peter Mayerstraße 1, Innsbruck, Austria Present address: Institute of Molecular Physiology and Developmental Biology, Division of Cellular Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
T.Boehm and S.Hofer contributed equally to this work
| | - Lennart Ivarsson
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Gene Center, University of Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 25, D-81377 Munich, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Marchioninistraße 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck and Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Peter Mayerstraße 1, Innsbruck, Austria Present address: Institute of Molecular Physiology and Developmental Biology, Division of Cellular Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
T.Boehm and S.Hofer contributed equally to this work
| | - Rainer Schneider
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Gene Center, University of Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 25, D-81377 Munich, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Marchioninistraße 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck and Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Peter Mayerstraße 1, Innsbruck, Austria Present address: Institute of Molecular Physiology and Developmental Biology, Division of Cellular Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
T.Boehm and S.Hofer contributed equally to this work
| | - Elisabeth Kremmer
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Gene Center, University of Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 25, D-81377 Munich, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Marchioninistraße 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck and Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Peter Mayerstraße 1, Innsbruck, Austria Present address: Institute of Molecular Physiology and Developmental Biology, Division of Cellular Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
T.Boehm and S.Hofer contributed equally to this work
| | - Christine Heufler
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Gene Center, University of Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 25, D-81377 Munich, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Marchioninistraße 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck and Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Peter Mayerstraße 1, Innsbruck, Austria Present address: Institute of Molecular Physiology and Developmental Biology, Division of Cellular Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
T.Boehm and S.Hofer contributed equally to this work
| | - Waldemar Kolanus
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Gene Center, University of Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 25, D-81377 Munich, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Marchioninistraße 25, D-81377 Munich, Germany, Department of Dermatology, University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, A-6020 Innsbruck and Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Peter Mayerstraße 1, Innsbruck, Austria Present address: Institute of Molecular Physiology and Developmental Biology, Division of Cellular Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Corresponding authors e-mail: or
T.Boehm and S.Hofer contributed equally to this work
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16
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Chiu CW, Dalton M, Ishiai M, Kurosaki T, Chan AC. BLNK: molecular scaffolding through 'cis'-mediated organization of signaling proteins. EMBO J 2002; 21:6461-72. [PMID: 12456653 PMCID: PMC136961 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/cdf658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2002] [Revised: 10/14/2002] [Accepted: 10/17/2002] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Assembly of intracellular macromolecular complexes is thought to provide an important mechanism to coordinate the generation of second messengers upon receptor activation. We have previously identified a B cell linker protein, termed BLNK, which serves such a scaffolding function in B cells. We demonstrate here that phosphorylation of five tyrosine residues within human BLNK nucleates distinct signaling effectors following B cell antigen receptor activation. The phosphorylation of multiple tyrosine residues not only amplifies PLCgamma-mediated signaling but also supports 'cis'-mediated interaction between distinct signaling effectors within a large molecular complex. These data demonstrate the importance of coordinate phosphorylation of molecular scaffolds, and provide insights into how assembly of macromolecular complexes is required for normal receptor function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Masamichi Ishiai
- Center for Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110,
Genentech, Inc., Department of Immunology, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA and Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Liver Research, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi 570-8506, Japan Corresponding author e-mail:
| | - Tomohiro Kurosaki
- Center for Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110,
Genentech, Inc., Department of Immunology, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA and Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Liver Research, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi 570-8506, Japan Corresponding author e-mail:
| | - Andrew C. Chan
- Center for Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110,
Genentech, Inc., Department of Immunology, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA and Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Liver Research, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi 570-8506, Japan Corresponding author e-mail:
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17
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Frauwirth KA, Thompson CB. Activation and inhibition of lymphocytes by costimulation. J Clin Invest 2002; 109:295-9. [PMID: 11827987 PMCID: PMC150864 DOI: 10.1172/jci14941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A Frauwirth
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute and Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6160, USA
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18
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Dustin ML. Membrane domains and the immunological synapse: keeping T cells resting and ready. J Clin Invest 2002; 109:155-60. [PMID: 11805125 PMCID: PMC150844 DOI: 10.1172/jci14842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Dustin
- Department of Pathology and Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, New York 10016, USA.
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