1
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Survivin (BIRC5) Peptide Vaccine in the 4T1 Murine Mammary Tumor Model: A Potential Neoadjuvant T Cell Immunotherapy for Triple Negative Breast Cancer: A Preliminary Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11030644. [PMID: 36992227 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11030644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A triple negative breast cancer model using the murine 4T1 tumor cell line was used to explore the efficacy of an adjuvanted survivin peptide microparticle vaccine using tumor growth as the outcome metric. We first performed tumor cell dose titration studies to determine a tumor cell dose that resulted in sufficient tumor takes but allowed multiple serial measurements of tumor volumes, yet with minimal morbidity/mortality within the study period. Later, in a second cohort of mice, the survivin peptide microparticle vaccine was administered via intraperitoneal injection at the study start with a second dose given 14 days later. An orthotopic injection of 4T1 cells into the mammary tissue was performed on the same day as the administration of the second vaccine dose. The mice were followed for up to 41 days with subcutaneous measurements of tumor volume made every 3–4 days. Vaccination with survivin peptides was associated with a peptide antigen-specific gamma interferon enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot response in the murine splenocyte population but was absent from the control microparticle group. At the end of the study, we found that vaccination with adjuvanted survivin peptide microparticles resulted in statistically significant slower primary tumor growth rates in BALB/c mice challenged with 4T1 cells relative to the control peptideless vaccination group. These studies suggest that T cell immunotherapy specifically targeting survivin might be an applicable neoadjuvant immunotherapy therapy for triple negative breast cancer. More preclinical studies and clinical trials are needed to explore this concept further.
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2
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Pollock SB, Rose CM, Darwish M, Bouziat R, Delamarre L, Blanchette C, Lill JR. Sensitive and Quantitative Detection of MHC-I Displayed Neoepitopes Using a Semiautomated Workflow and TOMAHAQ Mass Spectrometry. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100108. [PMID: 34129938 PMCID: PMC8255936 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in several key technologies, including MHC peptidomics, have helped fuel our understanding of basic immune regulatory mechanisms and the identification of T cell receptor targets for the development of immunotherapeutics. Isolating and accurately quantifying MHC-bound peptides from cells and tissues enables characterization of dynamic changes in the ligandome due to cellular perturbations. However, the current multistep analytical process is challenging, and improvements in throughput and reproducibility would enable rapid characterization of multiple conditions in parallel. Here, we describe a robust and quantitative method whereby peptides derived from MHC-I complexes from a variety of cell lines, including challenging adherent lines such as MC38, can be enriched in a semiautomated fashion on reusable, dry-storage, customized antibody cartridges. Using this method, a researcher, with very little hands-on time and in a single day, can perform up to 96 simultaneous enrichments at a similar level of quality as a manual workflow. TOMAHAQ (Triggered by Offset, Multiplexed, Accurate-mass, High-resolution, and Absolute Quantification), a targeted mass spectrometry technique that combines sample multiplexing and high sensitivity, was employed to characterize neoepitopes displayed on MHC-I by tumor cells and to quantitatively assess the influence of neoantigen expression and induced degradation on neoepitope presentation. This unique combination of robust semiautomated MHC-I peptide isolation and high-throughput multiplexed targeted quantitation allows for both the routine analysis of >4000 unique MHC-I peptides from 250 million cells using nontargeted methods, as well as quantitative sensitivity down to the low amol/μl level using TOMAHAQ targeted MS. Semiautomated peptide immunoprecipitation on reusable antibody cartridges. Application of TOMAHAQ for MHC-I detection and quantitation. Routine analysis of >4000 unique MHC-I peptides from 250 million cells via automation. Quantitative sensitivity down to the low amol/μl level using TOMAHAQ targeted MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel B Pollock
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics, Lipidomics and Next Generation Sequencing, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Christopher M Rose
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics, Lipidomics and Next Generation Sequencing, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Martine Darwish
- Department of Protein Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Romain Bouziat
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Lélia Delamarre
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Craig Blanchette
- Department of Protein Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jennie R Lill
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics, Lipidomics and Next Generation Sequencing, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA.
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3
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Dölen Y, Gileadi U, Chen JL, Valente M, Creemers JHA, Van Dinther EAW, van Riessen NK, Jäger E, Hruby M, Cerundolo V, Diken M, Figdor CG, de Vries IJM. PLGA Nanoparticles Co-encapsulating NY-ESO-1 Peptides and IMM60 Induce Robust CD8 and CD4 T Cell and B Cell Responses. Front Immunol 2021; 12:641703. [PMID: 33717196 PMCID: PMC7947615 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.641703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-specific neoantigens can be highly immunogenic, but their identification for each patient and the production of personalized cancer vaccines can be time-consuming and prohibitively expensive. In contrast, tumor-associated antigens are widely expressed and suitable as an off the shelf immunotherapy. Here, we developed a PLGA-based nanoparticle vaccine that contains both the immunogenic cancer germline antigen NY-ESO-1 and an α-GalCer analog IMM60, as a novel iNKT cell agonist and dendritic cell transactivator. Three peptide sequences (85-111, 117-143, and 157-165) derived from immunodominant regions of NY-ESO-1 were selected. These peptides have a wide HLA coverage and were efficiently processed and presented by dendritic cells via various HLA subtypes. Co-delivery of IMM60 enhanced CD4 and CD8 T cell responses and antibody levels against NY-ESO-1 in vivo. Moreover, the nanoparticles have negligible systemic toxicity in high doses, and they could be produced according to GMP guidelines. Together, we demonstrated the feasibility of producing a PLGA-based nanovaccine containing immunogenic peptides and an iNKT cell agonist, that is activating DCs to induce antigen-specific T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Dölen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Uzi Gileadi
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ji-Li Chen
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Valente
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Jeroen H A Creemers
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Eric A W Van Dinther
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - N Koen van Riessen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Eliezer Jäger
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry v. v. i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia
| | - Martin Hruby
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry v. v. i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia
| | - Vincenzo Cerundolo
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mustafa Diken
- TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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4
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Pavlick A, Blazquez AB, Meseck M, Lattanzi M, Ott PA, Marron TU, Holman RM, Mandeli J, Salazar AM, McClain CB, Gimenez G, Balan S, Gnjatic S, Sabado RL, Bhardwaj N. Combined Vaccination with NY-ESO-1 Protein, Poly-ICLC, and Montanide Improves Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in Patients with High-Risk Melanoma. Cancer Immunol Res 2020; 8:70-80. [PMID: 31699709 PMCID: PMC6946846 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-19-0545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Given its ability to induce both humoral and cellular immune responses, NY-ESO-1 has been considered a suitable antigen for a cancer vaccine. Despite promising results from early-phase clinical studies in patients with melanoma, NY-ESO-1 vaccine immunotherapy has not been widely investigated in larger trials; consequently, many questions remain as to the optimal vaccine formulation, predictive biomarkers, and sequencing and timing of vaccines in melanoma treatment. We conducted an adjuvant phase I/II clinical trial in high-risk resected melanoma to optimize the delivery of poly-ICLC, a TLR-3/MDA-5 agonist, as a component of vaccine formulation. A phase I dose-escalation part was undertaken to identify the MTD of poly-ICLC administered in combination with NY-ESO-1 and montanide. This was followed by a randomized phase II part investigating the MTD of poly-ICLC with NY-ESO-1 with or without montanide. The vaccine regimens were generally well tolerated, with no treatment-related grade 3/4 adverse events. Both regimens induced integrated NY-ESO-1-specific CD4+ T-cell and humoral responses. CD8+ T-cell responses were mainly detected in patients receiving montanide. T-cell avidity toward NY-ESO-1 peptides was higher in patients vaccinated with montanide. In conclusion, NY-ESO-1 protein in combination with poly-ICLC is safe, well tolerated, and capable of inducing integrated antibody and CD4+ T-cell responses in most patients. Combination with montanide enhances antigen-specific T-cell avidity and CD8+ T-cell cross-priming in a fraction of patients, indicating that montanide contributes to the induction of specific CD8+ T-cell responses to NY-ESO-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pavlick
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Ana B Blazquez
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Marcia Meseck
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Michael Lattanzi
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Thomas U Marron
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | | | - John Mandeli
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, New York
| | | | - Christopher B McClain
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Gustavo Gimenez
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Sreekumar Balan
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Sacha Gnjatic
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Precision Immunology Institute at the Icahn School of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | | | - Nina Bhardwaj
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Departments of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, New York
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5
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Wei R, Dean DC, Thanindratarn P, Hornicek FJ, Guo W, Duan Z. Cancer testis antigens in sarcoma: Expression, function and immunotherapeutic application. Cancer Lett 2019; 479:54-60. [PMID: 31634526 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sarcomas are a group of heterogeneous malignancies of mesenchymal origin. Patient outcomes remain especially grim for those with recurrent or metastatic disease, and current therapeutic strategies have not significantly improved outcomes over the past few decades. This has led to a number of studies assessing novel therapies. Cancer testis antigens (CTAs) are tumor-associated antigens with physiologic expression in the testis and various malignancies, including sarcomas. Genes encoding CTAs include MAGE, NY-ESO-1, PRAME, TRAG-3/CSAGE, and SSX. The importance and function of CTAs in tumorigenesis have gained recognition in recent years. They are also proving as robust diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Therapeutically, antigens derived from CTAs are highly recognizable by T lymphocytes and therefore capable of generating a potent antitumor immune response. CTAs are, therefore, promising targets for novel immunotherapies. Here we review the emerging works on expression, function, and immunotherapeutic application of CTAs in sarcoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 615 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Dylan C Dean
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 615 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Pichaya Thanindratarn
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 615 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Francis J Hornicek
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 615 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Wei Guo
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Zhenfeng Duan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 615 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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6
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Shraibman B, Barnea E, Kadosh DM, Haimovich Y, Slobodin G, Rosner I, López-Larrea C, Hilf N, Kuttruff S, Song C, Britten C, Castle J, Kreiter S, Frenzel K, Tatagiba M, Tabatabai G, Dietrich PY, Dutoit V, Wick W, Platten M, Winkler F, von Deimling A, Kroep J, Sahuquillo J, Martinez-Ricarte F, Rodon J, Lassen U, Ottensmeier C, van der Burg SH, Thor Straten P, Poulsen HS, Ponsati B, Okada H, Rammensee HG, Sahin U, Singh H, Admon A. Identification of Tumor Antigens Among the HLA Peptidomes of Glioblastoma Tumors and Plasma. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:1255-1268. [PMID: 31154438 PMCID: PMC6553928 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra119.001524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumor with poor prognosis to most patients. Immunotherapy of GBM is a potentially beneficial treatment option, whose optimal implementation may depend on familiarity with tumor specific antigens, presented as HLA peptides by the GBM cells. Further, early detection of GBM, such as by a routine blood test, may improve survival, even with the current treatment modalities. This study includes large-scale analyses of the HLA peptidome (immunopeptidome) of the plasma-soluble HLA molecules (sHLA) of 142 plasma samples, and the membranal HLA of GBM tumors of 10 of these patients' tumor samples. Tumor samples were fresh-frozen immediately after surgery and the plasma samples were collected before, and at multiple visits after surgery. In total, this HLA peptidome analysis involved 52 different HLA allotypes and resulted in the identification of more than 35,000 different HLA peptides. Strong correlations were observed in the signal intensities and in the repertoires of identified peptides between the tumors and plasma-soluble HLA peptidomes of the individual patients, whereas low correlations were observed between these HLA peptidomes and the tumors' proteomes. HLA peptides derived from Cancer/Testis Antigens (CTAs) were selected based on their presence among the HLA peptidomes of the patients and absence of expression of their source genes from any healthy and essential human tissues, except from immune-privileged sites. Additionally, peptides were selected as potential biomarkers if their levels in the plasma-sHLA peptidome were significantly reduced after the removal of tumor mass. The CTAs identified among the analyzed HLA peptidomes provide new opportunities for personalized immunotherapy and for early diagnosis of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bracha Shraibman
- From the ‡Department of Biology, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Eilon Barnea
- From the ‡Department of Biology, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Dganit Melamed Kadosh
- From the ‡Department of Biology, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Yael Haimovich
- From the ‡Department of Biology, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Gleb Slobodin
- §Rheumatology Unit, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa 31048, Israel
| | - Itzhak Rosner
- §Rheumatology Unit, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa 31048, Israel
| | | | - Norbert Hilf
- ‖Immatics Biotechnologies GmbH, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 15,72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kuttruff
- ‖Immatics Biotechnologies GmbH, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 15,72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Colette Song
- ‖Immatics Biotechnologies GmbH, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 15,72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Cedrik Britten
- **BioNTech AG, Holderlinstr. 8,55131 Mainz, Germany
- ¶¶¶Association for Cancer Immunotherapy (CIMT), Langenbeckstr. 1,55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - John Castle
- **BioNTech AG, Holderlinstr. 8,55131 Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | - Marcos Tatagiba
- ‡‡Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Department of Immunology, Auf der Morgenstelle 15,72076 Tubingen, Germany
| | - Ghazaleh Tabatabai
- ‡‡Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Department of Immunology, Auf der Morgenstelle 15,72076 Tubingen, Germany
| | - Pierre-Yves Dietrich
- §§Université de Genève, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil 4; 1211 Geneve 14, Switzerland
| | - Valérie Dutoit
- §§Université de Genève, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil 4; 1211 Geneve 14, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- ¶¶Heidelberg University Medical Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 672, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Platten
- ¶¶Heidelberg University Medical Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 672, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Winkler
- ¶¶Heidelberg University Medical Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 672, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- ¶¶Heidelberg University Medical Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 672, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Judith Kroep
- ‖‖Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Juan Sahuquillo
- ‡‡‡Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Institut Catala de la Salut, Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Martinez-Ricarte
- ‡‡‡Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Institut Catala de la Salut, Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Rodon
- ‡‡‡Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Institut Catala de la Salut, Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ulrik Lassen
- ‖‖‖Region Hovedstaden (Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Herlev Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Ottensmeier
- §§§Cancer Sciences Division, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Sjoerd H van der Burg
- ‖‖Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- ¶¶¶Association for Cancer Immunotherapy (CIMT), Langenbeckstr. 1,55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Per Thor Straten
- ‖‖‖Region Hovedstaden (Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Herlev Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans Skovgaard Poulsen
- ‡‡‡‡Rigshospitalet, Departments of Radiation Biology and Oncology, Rigshospitalet 9, Blegdamsvej, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Berta Ponsati
- §§§§BCN Peptides, Pol. Ind. Els Vinyets-Els Fogars II. 08777 Sant Quinti de Mediona (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Hideho Okada
- ¶¶¶¶University of California and the Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA 94131
| | - Hans-Georg Rammensee
- ‡‡Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Department of Immunology, Auf der Morgenstelle 15,72076 Tubingen, Germany
| | - Ugur Sahin
- **BioNTech AG, Holderlinstr. 8,55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Harpreet Singh
- ‖Immatics Biotechnologies GmbH, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 15,72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Arie Admon
- From the ‡Department of Biology, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel;
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7
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Shraibman B, Barnea E, Kadosh DM, Haimovich Y, Slobodin G, Rosner I, López-Larrea C, Hilf N, Kuttruff S, Song C, Britten C, Castle J, Kreiter S, Frenzel K, Tatagiba M, Tabatabai G, Dietrich PY, Dutoit V, Wick W, Platten M, Winkler F, von Deimling A, Kroep J, Sahuquillo J, Martinez-Ricarte F, Rodon J, Lassen U, Ottensmeier C, van der Burg SH, Thor Straten P, Poulsen HS, Ponsati B, Okada H, Rammensee HG, Sahin U, Singh H, Admon A. Identification of Tumor Antigens Among the HLA Peptidomes of Glioblastoma Tumors and Plasma. Mol Cell Proteomics 2018; 17:2132-2145. [PMID: 30072578 PMCID: PMC6210219 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.000792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumor with poor prognosis to most patients. Immunotherapy of GBM is a potentially beneficial treatment option, whose optimal implementation may depend on familiarity with tumor specific antigens, presented as HLA peptides by the GBM cells. Furthermore, early detection of GBM, such as by a routine blood test, may improve survival, even with the current treatment modalities. This study includes large-scale analyses of the HLA peptidome (immunopeptidome) of the plasma-soluble HLA molecules (sHLA) of 142 plasma samples, and the membranal HLA of GBM tumors of 10 of these patients' tumor samples. Tumor samples were fresh-frozen immediately after surgery and the plasma samples were collected before, and at multiple visits after surgery. In total, this HLA peptidome analysis involved 52 different HLA allotypes and resulted in the identification of more than 35,000 different HLA peptides. Strong correlations were observed in the signal intensities and in the repertoires of identified peptides between the tumors and plasma-soluble HLA peptidomes of the individual patients, whereas low correlations were observed between these HLA peptidomes and the tumors' proteomes. HLA peptides derived from Cancer/Testis Antigens (CTAs) were selected based on their presence among the HLA peptidomes of the patients and absence of expression of their source genes from any healthy and essential human tissues, except from immune-privileged sites. Additionally, peptides were selected as potential biomarkers if their levels in the plasma-sHLA peptidome were significantly reduced after the removal of tumor mass. The CTAs identified among the analyzed HLA peptidomes provide new opportunities for personalized immunotherapy and for early diagnosis of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bracha Shraibman
- From the ‡Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Eilon Barnea
- From the ‡Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | | | - Yael Haimovich
- From the ‡Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Gleb Slobodin
- §Rheumatology Unit Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa 31048, Israel
| | - Itzhak Rosner
- §Rheumatology Unit Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa 31048, Israel
| | | | - Norbert Hilf
- ‖Immatics Biotechnologies GmbH, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 15,72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sabrina Kuttruff
- ‖Immatics Biotechnologies GmbH, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 15,72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Colette Song
- ‖Immatics Biotechnologies GmbH, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 15,72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Cedrik Britten
- **BioNTech AG, Holderlinstr. 8,55131 Mainz, Germany
- ¶¶¶Association for Cancer Immunotherapy (CIMT), Langenbeckstr. 1,55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - John Castle
- **BioNTech AG, Holderlinstr. 8,55131 Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | - Marcos Tatagiba
- ‡‡Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Department of Immunology, Auf der Morgenstelle 15,72076 Tubingen, Germany
| | - Ghazaleh Tabatabai
- ‡‡Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Department of Immunology, Auf der Morgenstelle 15,72076 Tubingen, Germany
| | - Pierre-Yves Dietrich
- §§Université de Genève, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil 4; 1211 Geneve 14, Switzerland
| | - Valérie Dutoit
- §§Université de Genève, Rue Gabrielle Perret Gentil 4; 1211 Geneve 14, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Wick
- ¶¶Heidelberg University Medical Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 672, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Platten
- ¶¶Heidelberg University Medical Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 672, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Winkler
- ¶¶Heidelberg University Medical Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 672, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- ¶¶Heidelberg University Medical Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 672, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Judith Kroep
- ‖‖Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Juan Sahuquillo
- ***Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Institut Catala de la Salut, Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Martinez-Ricarte
- ***Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Institut Catala de la Salut, Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Rodon
- ***Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Institut Catala de la Salut, Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ulrik Lassen
- ‡‡‡Region Hovedstaden (Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Herlev Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Ottensmeier
- §§§Cancer Sciences Division, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Sjoerd H van der Burg
- ‖‖Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- ¶¶¶Association for Cancer Immunotherapy (CIMT), Langenbeckstr. 1,55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Per Thor Straten
- ‡‡‡Region Hovedstaden (Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT), Herlev Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans Skovgaard Poulsen
- ‖‖‖Rigshospitalet, Departments of Radiation Biology and Oncology, Rigshospitalet 9, Blegdamsvej, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Berta Ponsati
- ****BCN Peptides, Pol. Ind. Els Vinyets-Els Fogars II. 08777 Sant Quinti de Mediona (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Hideho Okada
- ‡‡‡‡University of California, San Francisco, CA 94131 USA
| | - Hans-Georg Rammensee
- ‡‡Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Department of Immunology, Auf der Morgenstelle 15,72076 Tubingen, Germany
| | - Ugur Sahin
- **BioNTech AG, Holderlinstr. 8,55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Harpreet Singh
- ‖Immatics Biotechnologies GmbH, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 15,72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Arie Admon
- From the ‡Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel;
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8
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Oike N, Kawashima H, Ogose A, Hotta T, Hatano H, Ariizumi T, Sasaki T, Yamagishi T, Umezu H, Endo N. Prognostic impact of the tumor immune microenvironment in synovial sarcoma. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:3043-3054. [PMID: 30133055 PMCID: PMC6172059 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between the immune status within the tumor microenvironment and prognosis in synovial sarcoma is not well understood. We aimed to investigate the tumor immune microenvironment and analyze its prognostic impact for patients with synovial sarcoma. A total of 36 primary patients who were treated in our institution were retrospectively evaluated. Infiltration of lymphocytes (CD4+, CD8+, and FOXP3+), CD163+ macrophages, and expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Moreover, we investigated PD-L1 and programmed death ligand 2 (PD-L2) mRNA expression in 19 of the 36 cases, using real-time PCR. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate overall survival and progression-free survival. Infiltration of lymphocytes and macrophages varied among the patients. Furthermore, the expression of HLA class I was negative or downregulated in 11 specimens. No PD-L1 expression was observed using immunohistochemistry. Moreover, although PD-L1 mRNA expression was observed in 18 of 19 specimens, the expression level was low. A higher infiltration of CD8+ or FOXP3+ lymphocytes in patients was associated with a favorable overall survival. In addition, a higher infiltration of CD163+ macrophages indicated a significantly worse overall and progression-free survival. Infiltration of CD4+ lymphocytes, HLA class I, PD-L1, and PD-L2 expression were not associated with patient prognosis. This represents the first report investigating the tumor immune microenvironment as a prognostic factor in synovial sarcoma, indicating that CD163+ macrophages are associated with tumor progression. Our results underscore the clinical significance of the tumor immune microenvironment in synovial sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Oike
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kawashima
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akira Ogose
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Uonuma Kikan Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Hotta
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hatano
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Takashi Ariizumi
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Taro Sasaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Yamagishi
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hajime Umezu
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Naoto Endo
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
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9
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Pan J, Yu H, Guo Z, Liu Q, Ding M, Xu K, Mao L. Emerging role of sperm-associated antigen 9 in tumorigenesis. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:1212-1216. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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10
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NY-ESO-1- and survivin-specific T-cell responses in the peripheral blood from patients with glioma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2017; 67:237-246. [PMID: 29058035 PMCID: PMC5799356 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-017-2066-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The prognosis for patients with glioblastoma is grim. Ex vivo expanded tumor-associated antigen (TAA)-reactive T-cells from patients with glioma may represent a viable source for anticancer-directed cellular therapies. Immunohistochemistry was used to test the survivin (n = 40 samples) and NY-ESO-1 (n = 38 samples) protein expression in tumor specimens. T-cells from peripheral blood were stimulated with TAAs (synthetic peptides) in IL-2 and IL-7, or using a combination of IL-2, IL-15 and IL-21. CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells were tested for antigen-specific proliferation by flow cytometry, and IFN-γ production was tested by ELISA. Twenty-eight out of 38 cancer specimens exhibited NY-ESO-1 protein expression, 2/38 showed a strong universal (4+) NY-ESO-1 staining, and 9/40 cancer lesions exhibited a strong (4+) staining for survivin. We could detect antigen-specific IFN-γ responses in 25% blood samples for NY-ESO-1 and 30% for survivin. NY-ESO-1-expanded T-cells recognized naturally processed and presented epitopes. NY-ESO-1 or survivin expression in glioma represents viable targets for anticancer-directed T-cells for the biological therapy of patients with glioma.
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11
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Schmidt J, Guillaume P, Dojcinovic D, Karbach J, Coukos G, Luescher I. In silico and cell-based analyses reveal strong divergence between prediction and observation of T-cell-recognized tumor antigen T-cell epitopes. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:11840-11849. [PMID: 28536262 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.789511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor exomes provide comprehensive information on mutated, overexpressed genes and aberrant splicing, which can be exploited for personalized cancer immunotherapy. Of particular interest are mutated tumor antigen T-cell epitopes, because neoepitope-specific T cells often are tumoricidal. However, identifying tumor-specific T-cell epitopes is a major challenge. A widely used strategy relies on initial prediction of human leukocyte antigen-binding peptides by in silico algorithms, but the predictive power of this approach is unclear. Here, we used the human tumor antigen NY-ESO-1 (ESO) and the human leukocyte antigen variant HLA-A*0201 (A2) as a model and predicted in silico the 41 highest-affinity, A2-binding 8-11-mer peptides and assessed their binding, kinetic complex stability, and immunogenicity in A2-transgenic mice and on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from ESO-vaccinated melanoma patients. We found that 19 of the peptides strongly bound to A2, 10 of which formed stable A2-peptide complexes and induced CD8+ T cells in A2-transgenic mice. However, only 5 of the peptides induced cognate T cells in humans; these peptides exhibited strong binding and complex stability and contained multiple large hydrophobic and aromatic amino acids. These results were not predicted by in silico algorithms and provide new clues to improving T-cell epitope identification. In conclusion, our findings indicate that only a small fraction of in silico-predicted A2-binding ESO peptides are immunogenic in humans, namely those that have high peptide-binding strength and complex stability. This observation highlights the need for improving in silico predictions of peptide immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Schmidt
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Guillaume
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Danijel Dojcinovic
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | | | - George Coukos
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Immanuel Luescher
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland.
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12
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Shraibman B, Kadosh DM, Barnea E, Admon A. Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Peptides Derived from Tumor Antigens Induced by Inhibition of DNA Methylation for Development of Drug-facilitated Immunotherapy. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 15:3058-70. [PMID: 27412690 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.060350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of cancer cells with anticancer drugs often fails to achieve complete remission. Yet, such drug treatments may induce alteration in the tumor's gene expression patterns, including those of Cancer/Testis Antigens (CTA). The degradation products of such antigens can be presented as HLA peptides on the surface of the tumor cells and be developed into anticancer immunotherapeutics. For example, the DNA methyl transferase inhibitor, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (Decitabine) has limited antitumor efficacy, yet it induces the expression of many genes, including CTAs that are normally silenced in the healthy adult tissues. In this study, the presentation of many new HLA peptides derived from CTAs and induced by Decitabine was demonstrated in three human Glioblastoma cell lines. Such presentation of CTA-derived HLA peptides can be exploited for development of new treatment modalities, combining drug treatment with anti-CTA targeted immunotherapy. The Decitabine-induced HLA peptidomes include many CTAs that are not normally detected in healthy tissues or in cancer cells, unless treated with the drug. In addition, the study included large-scale analyses of the simultaneous effects of Decitabine on the transcriptomes, proteomes and HLA peptidomes of the human Glioblastoma cells. It demonstrates the poor correlations between these three levels of gene expression, both in their total levels and in their response to the drug. The proteomics and HLA peptidomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD003790 and the transcriptomics data are available via GEO with identifier GSE80137.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bracha Shraibman
- From the ‡Department of Biology, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Dganit Melamed Kadosh
- From the ‡Department of Biology, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Eilon Barnea
- From the ‡Department of Biology, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Arie Admon
- From the ‡Department of Biology, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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13
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Djureinovic D, Hallström BM, Horie M, Mattsson JSM, La Fleur L, Fagerberg L, Brunnström H, Lindskog C, Madjar K, Rahnenführer J, Ekman S, Ståhle E, Koyi H, Brandén E, Edlund K, Hengstler JG, Lambe M, Saito A, Botling J, Pontén F, Uhlén M, Micke P. Profiling cancer testis antigens in non-small-cell lung cancer. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e86837. [PMID: 27699219 PMCID: PMC5033889 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.86837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer testis antigens (CTAs) are of clinical interest as biomarkers and present valuable targets for immunotherapy. To comprehensively characterize the CTA landscape of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we compared RNAseq data from 199 NSCLC tissues to the normal transcriptome of 142 samples from 32 different normal organs. Of 232 CTAs currently annotated in the Caner Testis Database (CTdatabase), 96 were confirmed in NSCLC. To obtain an unbiased CTA profile of NSCLC, we applied stringent criteria on our RNAseq data set and defined 90 genes as CTAs, of which 55 genes were not annotated in the CTdatabase, thus representing potential new CTAs. Cluster analysis revealed that CTA expression is histology dependent and concurrent expression is common. IHC confirmed tissue-specific protein expression of selected new CTAs (TKTL1, TGIF2LX, VCX, and CXORF67). Furthermore, methylation was identified as a regulatory mechanism of CTA expression based on independent data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The proposed prognostic impact of CTAs in lung cancer was not confirmed, neither in our RNAseq cohort nor in an independent meta-analysis of 1,117 NSCLC cases. In summary, we defined a set of 90 reliable CTAs, including information on protein expression, methylation, and survival association. The detailed RNAseq catalog can guide biomarker studies and efforts to identify targets for immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dijana Djureinovic
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Björn M. Hallström
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Masafumi Horie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Linnea La Fleur
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Linn Fagerberg
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Brunnström
- Department of Pathology, Regional Laboratories Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Lindskog
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Katrin Madjar
- Department of Statistics, Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jörg Rahnenführer
- Department of Statistics, Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Simon Ekman
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Sciences, Section of Oncology, and
| | - Elisabeth Ståhle
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hirsh Koyi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Centre for Research and Development, Uppsala University, County Council of Gävleborg, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Eva Brandén
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Centre for Research and Development, Uppsala University, County Council of Gävleborg, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Karolina Edlund
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jan G. Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Mats Lambe
- Uppsala University Hospital, Regional Cancer Center, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Akira Saito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Johan Botling
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Pontén
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mathias Uhlén
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrick Micke
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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14
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Sabado RL, Pavlick A, Gnjatic S, Cruz CM, Vengco I, Hasan F, Spadaccia M, Darvishian F, Chiriboga L, Holman RM, Escalon J, Muren C, Escano C, Yepes E, Sharpe D, Vasilakos JP, Rolnitzsky L, Goldberg J, Mandeli J, Adams S, Jungbluth A, Pan L, Venhaus R, Ott PA, Bhardwaj N. Resiquimod as an immunologic adjuvant for NY-ESO-1 protein vaccination in patients with high-risk melanoma. Cancer Immunol Res 2015; 3:278-287. [PMID: 25633712 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-14-0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/8 agonist resiquimod has been used as an immune adjuvant in cancer vaccines. We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of the cancer testis antigen NY-ESO-1 given in combination with Montanide (Seppic) with or without resiquimod in patients with high-risk melanoma. In part I of the study, patients received 100 μg of full-length NY-ESO-1 protein emulsified in 1.25 mL of Montanide (day 1) followed by topical application of 1,000 mg of 0.2% resiquimod gel on days 1 and 3 (cohort 1) versus days 1, 3, and 5 (cohort 2) of a 21-day cycle. In part II, patients were randomized to receive 100-μg NY-ESO-1 protein plus Montanide (day 1) followed by topical application of placebo gel [(arm A; n = 8) or 1,000 mg of 0.2% resiquimod gel (arm B; n = 12)] using the dosing regimen established in part I. The vaccine regimens were generally well tolerated. NY-ESO-1-specific humoral responses were induced or boosted in all patients, many of whom had high titer antibodies. In part II, 16 of 20 patients in both arms had NY-ESO-1-specific CD4⁺ T-cell responses. CD8⁺ T-cell responses were only seen in 3 of 12 patients in arm B. Patients with TLR7 SNP rs179008 had a greater likelihood of developing NY-ESO-1-specific CD8⁺ responses. In conclusion, NY-ESO-1 protein in combination with Montanide with or without topical resiquimod is safe and induces both antibody and CD4⁺ T-cell responses in the majority of patients; the small proportion of CD8⁺ T-cell responses suggests that the addition of topical resiquimod to Montanide is not sufficient to induce consistent NY-ESO-1-specific CD8⁺ T-cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Lubong Sabado
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York.,Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Tisch Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, New York
| | - Anna Pavlick
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York
| | - Sacha Gnjatic
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Harvard Medical School, New York.,Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Tisch Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, New York
| | - Crystal M Cruz
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York
| | - Isabelita Vengco
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York
| | - Farah Hasan
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York
| | | | - Farbod Darvishian
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York
| | - Luis Chiriboga
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York
| | | | - Juliet Escalon
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York
| | - Caroline Muren
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York
| | - Crystal Escano
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York
| | - Ethel Yepes
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York
| | - Dunbar Sharpe
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York
| | - John P Vasilakos
- 3M Drug Delivery Systems Division, Harvard Medical School, New York
| | - Linda Rolnitzsky
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York
| | - Judith Goldberg
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York
| | - John Mandeli
- 3M Drug Delivery Systems Division, Harvard Medical School, New York
| | - Sylvia Adams
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York
| | - Achim Jungbluth
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Linda Pan
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Harvard Medical School, New York
| | - Ralph Venhaus
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Harvard Medical School, New York
| | - Patrick A Ott
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York.,Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, New York
| | - Nina Bhardwaj
- Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York.,Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York.,Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Tisch Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, New York
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15
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Zanker D, Quinn K, Waithman J, Lata R, Murphy R, La Gruta NL, Chen W. T cells recognizing a 11mer influenza peptide complexed to H-2D(b) show promiscuity for peptide length. Immunol Cell Biol 2015; 93:500-7. [PMID: 25559620 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2014.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
T-cell repertoire is selected according to self peptide-MHC (major histocompatibility complex) complexes in the thymus. Although most peripheral T cells recognize specific pathogen-derived peptides complexed to self-MHC exclusively, some possess cross-reactivity to other self or foreign peptides presented by self-MHC molecules; a phenomenon often termed T-cell receptor (TCR) promiscuity or degeneracy. TCR promiscuity has been attributed to various autoimmune conditions. On the other hand, it is considered a mechanism for a relatively limited TCR repertoire to deal with a potentially much larger antigenic peptide repertoire. Such property has also been utilized to bypass self-tolerance for cancer vaccine development. Although many studies explored such degeneracy for peptide of the same length, few studies reported such properties for peptides of different length. In this study, we finely characterized the CD8(+) T-cell response specific for a 11mer peptide derived from influenza A viral polymerase basic protein 2. The short-term T-cell line, despite possessing highly biased TCR, was able to react with multiple peptides of different length sharing the same core sequence. Out data clearly showed the importance of detailed and quantitative assessments for such T-cell specificity. Our data also emphasize the importance of biochemical demonstration of the naturally presented minimal peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Zanker
- T Cell Laboratory, School of Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kylie Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Melbourne University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jason Waithman
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Roleen Lata
- Department of Medicine, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Roger Murphy
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicole Louise La Gruta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Melbourne University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Weisan Chen
- T Cell Laboratory, School of Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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16
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Wälchli S, Kumari S, Fallang LE, Sand KMK, Yang W, Landsverk OJB, Bakke O, Olweus J, Gregers TF. Invariant chain as a vehicle to load antigenic peptides on human MHC class I for cytotoxic T-cell activation. Eur J Immunol 2013; 44:774-84. [PMID: 24293164 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201343671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 10/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Protective T-cell responses depend on efficient presentation of antigen (Ag) in the context of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) and class II (MHCII) molecules. Invariant chain (Ii) serves as a chaperone for MHCII molecules and mediates trafficking to the endosomal pathway. The genetic exchange of the class II-associated Ii peptide (CLIP) with antigenic peptides has proven efficient for loading of MHCII and activation of specific CD4(+) T cells. Here, we investigated if Ii could similarly activate human CD8(+) T cells when used as a vehicle for cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) epitopes. The results show that wild type Ii, and Ii in which CLIP was replaced by known CTL epitopes from the cancer targets MART-1 or CD20, coprecipitated with HLA-A*02:01 and mediated colocalization in the endosomal pathway. Furthermore, HLA-A*02:01-positive cells expressing CLIP-replaced Ii efficiently activated Ag-specific CD8(+) T cells in a TAP- and proteasome-independent manner. Finally, dendritic cells transfected with mRNA encoding IiMART-1 or IiCD20 primed naïve CD8(+) T cells. The results show that Ii carrying antigenic peptides in the CLIP region can promote efficient presentation of the epitopes to CTLs independently of the classical MHCI peptide loading machinery, facilitating novel vaccination strategies against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Wälchli
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway; K.G. Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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17
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HLA-restricted NY-ESO-1 peptide immunotherapy for metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer. Invest New Drugs 2013; 32:235-242. [PMID: 23609828 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-013-9960-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the immunogenicity of NY-ESO-1 peptides in prostate cancer, a phase I clinical trial was designed to evaluate HLA class-I and class-II restricted NY-ESO-1 peptides in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). METHODS Patients with progressive mCRPC, Zubrod Performance Status ≤2, PSA ≥10 ng/ml who had appropriate HLA class I (A2) and class II haplotypes (DR4, DP4) were eligible. Three groups with 3 patients each received the vaccine subcutaneously every 2 weeks for 6 doses. Group 1 received a peptide presented by an HLA class I haplotype (HLA-A2), Group 2 with a peptide presented by HLA class II haplotype (DR4, DP4), and Group 3 with peptides presented by both Class I and II haplotypes. Androgen-deprivation was continued. Owing to a myocardial infarction, the protocol was amended to omit the use of GM-CSF. RESULTS Fourteen patients were evaluable for toxicities and 9 received all 6 doses and were evaluable for efficacy. One death from myocardial infarction following GM-CSF occurred in a patient with generalized myalgias. After omitting GM-CSF, no grade >2 toxicities were observed. Among 9 patients evaluable for efficacy, the median PSA doubling time pre-therapy and during therapy were 3.1 and 4.92 months, respectively. NY-ESO-1 specific T-cell response observed by ELISPOT appeared more frequent in docetaxel-naïve patients (4 of 4) than docetaxel-pretreated patients (2 of 5). CONCLUSION In men with mCRPC, individualized HLA class-I and/or class-II restricted NY-ESO-1 peptides were tolerable, appeared to slow PSA doubling time and yielded antigen-specific T-cell responses more often in chemonaïve patients.
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18
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A novel HLA-B18 restricted CD8+ T cell epitope is efficiently cross-presented by dendritic cells from soluble tumor antigen. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44707. [PMID: 22970293 PMCID: PMC3435279 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
NY-ESO-1 has been a major target of many immunotherapy trials because it is expressed by various cancers and is highly immunogenic. In this study, we have identified a novel HLA-B*1801-restricted CD8+ T cell epitope, NY-ESO-188–96 (LEFYLAMPF) and compared its direct- and cross-presentation to that of the reported NY-ESO-1157–165 epitope restricted to HLA-A*0201. Although both epitopes were readily cross-presented by DCs exposed to various forms of full-length NY-ESO-1 antigen, remarkably NY-ESO-188–96 is much more efficiently cross-presented from the soluble form, than NY-ESO-1157–165. On the other hand, NY-ESO-1157–165 is efficiently presented by NY-ESO-1-expressing tumor cells and its presentation was not enhanced by IFN-γ treatment, which induced immunoproteasome as demonstrated by Western blots and functionally a decreased presentation of Melan A26–35; whereas NY-ESO-188–96 was very inefficiently presented by the same tumor cell lines, except for one that expressed high level of immunoproteasome. It was only presented when the tumor cells were first IFN-γ treated, followed by infection with recombinant vaccinia virus encoding NY-ESO-1, which dramatically increased NY-ESO-1 expression. These data indicate that the presentation of NY-ESO-188–96 is immunoproteasome dependent. Furthermore, a survey was conducted on multiple samples collected from HLA-B18+ melanoma patients. Surprisingly, all the detectable responses to NY-ESO-188–96 from patients, including those who received NY-ESO-1 ISCOMATRIX™ vaccine were induced spontaneously. Taken together, these results imply that some epitopes can be inefficiently presented by tumor cells although the corresponding CD8+ T cell responses are efficiently primed in vivo by DCs cross-presenting these epitopes. The potential implications for cancer vaccine strategies are further discussed.
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Trypanosoma cruzi as an effective cancer antigen delivery vector. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:19695-700. [PMID: 22114198 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1110030108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the main challenges in cancer research is the development of vaccines that induce effective and long-lived protective immunity against tumors. Significant progress has been made in identifying members of the cancer testis antigen family as potential vaccine candidates. However, an ideal form for antigen delivery that induces robust and sustainable antigen-specific T-cell responses, and in particular of CD8(+) T lymphocytes, remains to be developed. Here we report the use of a recombinant nonpathogenic clone of Trypanosoma cruzi as a vaccine vector to induce vigorous and long-term T cell-mediated immunity. The rationale for using the highly attenuated T. cruzi clone was (i) the ability of the parasite to persist in host tissues and therefore to induce a long-term antigen-specific immune response; (ii) the existence of intrinsic parasite agonists for Toll-like receptors and consequent induction of highly polarized T helper cell type 1 responses; and (iii) the parasite replication in the host cell cytoplasm, leading to direct antigen presentation through the endogenous pathway and consequent induction of antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells. Importantly, we found that parasites expressing a cancer testis antigen (NY-ESO-1) were able to elicit human antigen-specific T-cell responses in vitro and solid protection against melanoma in a mouse model. Furthermore, in a therapeutic protocol, the parasites expressing NY-ESO-1 delayed the rate of tumor development in mice. We conclude that the T. cruzi vector is highly efficient in inducing T cell-mediated immunity and protection against cancer cells. More broadly, this strategy could be used to elicit a long-term T cell-mediated immunity and used for prophylaxis or therapy of chronic infectious diseases.
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Parvanova I, Rettig L, Knuth A, Pascolo S. The form of NY-ESO-1 antigen has an impact on the clinical efficacy of anti-tumor vaccination. Vaccine 2011; 29:3832-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Revised: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Wadle A, Mischo A, Strahl S, Nishikawa H, Held G, Neumann F, Wullner B, Fischer E, Kleber S, Karbach J, Jager E, Shiku H, Odunsi K, Shrikant PA, Knuth A, Cerundolo V, Renner C. NY-ESO-1 protein glycosylated by yeast induces enhanced immune responses. Yeast 2011; 27:919-31. [PMID: 20672253 DOI: 10.1002/yea.1796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccine strategies that target dendritic cells to elicit potent cellular immunity are the subject of intense research. Here we report that the genetically engineered yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, expressing the full-length tumour-associated antigen NY-ESO-1, is a versatile host for protein production. Exposing dendritic cells (DCs) to soluble NY-ESO-1 protein linked to the yeast a-agglutinin 2 protein (Aga2p) protein resulted in protein uptake, processing and MHC class I cross-presentation of NY-ESO-1-derived peptides. The process of antigen uptake and cross-presentation was dependent on the glycosylation pattern of NY-ESO-1-Aga2p protein and the presence of accessible mannose receptors. In addition, NY-ESO-1-Aga2p protein uptake by dendritic cells resulted in recognition by HLA-DP4 NY-ESO-1-specific CD4(+) T cells, indicating MHC class II presentation. Finally, vaccination of mice with yeast-derived NY-ESO-1-Aga2p protein led to an enhanced humoral and cellular immune response, when compared to the bacterially expressed NY-ESO-1 protein. Together, these data demonstrate that yeast-derived full-length NY-ESO-1-Aga2p protein is processed and presented efficiently by MHC class I and II complexes and warrants clinical trials to determine the potential value of S. cerevisiae as a host for cancer vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Wadle
- Department of Oncology, Universtity Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich/Irchel, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Karbach J, Gnjatic S, Bender A, Neumann A, Weidmann E, Yuan J, Ferrara CA, Hoffmann E, Old LJ, Altorki NK, Jäger E. Tumor-reactive CD8+ T-cell responses after vaccination with NY-ESO-1 peptide, CpG 7909 and Montanide ISA-51: association with survival. Int J Cancer 2010; 126:909-18. [PMID: 19728336 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Peptide-based vaccines have led to the induction of antigen-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses in patients with NY-ESO-1 positive cancers. However, vaccine-induced T-cell responses did not generally correlate with improved survival. Therefore, we tested whether a synthetic CpG 7909 ODN (deoxycytidyl-deoxyguanosin oligodeoxy-nucleotides) mixed with NY-ESO-1 peptide p157-165 and incomplete Freund's adjuvants (Montanide(R) ISA-51) led to enhanced NY-ESO-1 antigen-specific CD8(+) immune responses in patients with NY-ESO-1 or LAGE-1 expressing tumors. Of 14 HLA-A2+ patients enrolled in the study, 5 patients withdrew prematurely because of progressive disease and 9 patients completed 1 cycle of immunization. Nine of 14 patients developed measurable and sustained antigen-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses: Four had detectable CD8+ T-cells against NY-ESO-1 after only 2 vaccinations, whereas 5 patients showed a late-onset but durable induction of NY-ESO-1 p157-165 specific T-cell response during continued vaccination after 4 months. In 6 patients, vaccine-induced antigen-specific T-cells became detectable ex vivo and reached frequencies of up to 0.16 % of all circulating CD8(+) T-cells. Postvaccine T-cell clones were shown to recognize and lyse NY-ESO-1 expressing tumor cell lines in vitro. In 6 of 9 patients developing NY-ESO-1-specific immune responses, a favorable clinical outcome with overall survival times of 43+, 42+, 42+, 39+, 36+ and 27+ months, respectively, was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Karbach
- Klinik für Onkologie und Hämatologie, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frankfurt, Germany
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Cheung YK, Cheng SCS, Ke Y, Xie Y. Two novel HLA-A*0201 T-cell epitopes in avian H5N1 viral nucleoprotein induced specific immune responses in HHD mice. Vet Res 2009; 41:24. [PMID: 19941812 PMCID: PMC2820229 DOI: 10.1051/vetres/2009071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2009] [Accepted: 11/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The influenza A nucleoprotein (NP) is an attractive target for avian flu vaccine development because of its high conversancy in the evolutionary chain of the virus. Here we identified two novel HLA-A*0201 restricted NP epitopes, named H5N1 NP373-381 AMDSNTLEL (NP373) and NP458-466 FQGRGVFEL (NP458), using computational bioinformatic analysis. The NP peptides showed a high binding affinity to HLA-A*0201 on T2 cells, and were able to induce the activation of the cytotoxic T cells in the human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We examined the potential of using NP373 and NP458 peptide sequences supplemented with a single-chain trimer as potential DNA vaccine candidates in an HHD transgenic mouse model. A gene gun delivery system was used for administrating the vaccine candidates into the animals. The results from cytotoxicity and ELISPOT assays indicated that a significant amount of IFN-γ was secreted by the T cells of the vaccinated mice, and the T cells were able to eliminate the corresponding peptide-loaded T2 cells. The discovery of these novel immunogenic NP peptides provides valuable information for avian flu vaccine design and construction.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biolistics
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/chemistry
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/genetics
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- HLA-A Antigens/immunology
- Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Influenza Vaccines/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred Strains
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/immunology
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/prevention & control
- Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
- Vaccines, DNA/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, DNA/immunology
- Viral Nonstructural Proteins/immunology
- Viral Nonstructural Proteins/metabolism
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Balasse E, Gatouillat G, Patigny D, Andry MC, Madoulet C. In vivo anti-melanoma activities of the Melan-A/MART-1101–115 T CD4+ cell peptide. Vaccine 2009; 27:6107-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.07.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2009] [Revised: 07/01/2009] [Accepted: 07/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kawabe M, Mandic M, Taylor JL, Vasquez CA, Wesa AK, Neckers LM, Storkus WJ. Heat shock protein 90 inhibitor 17-dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin enhances EphA2+ tumor cell recognition by specific CD8+ T cells. Cancer Res 2009; 69:6995-7003. [PMID: 19690146 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-4511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
EphA2, a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family, is commonly expressed by a broad range of cancer types, where its level of (over)expression correlates with poor clinical outcome. Because tumor cell expressed EphA2 is a nonmutated "self" protein, specific CD8(+) T cells are subject to self-tolerance mechanisms and typically exhibit only moderate-to-low functional avidity, rendering them marginally competent to recognize EphA2(+) tumor cells in vitro or in vivo. We have recently reported that the ability of specific CD8(+) T cells to recognize EphA2(+) tumor cells can be augmented after the cancer cells are pretreated with EphA2 agonists that promote proteasomal degradation and up-regulated expression of EphA2/class I complexes on the tumor cell membrane. In the current study, we show that treatment of EphA2(+) tumor cells with the irreversible heat shock protein 90 inhibitor, 17-dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-DMAG), similarly enhances their recognition by EphA2-specific CD8(+) T-cell lines and clones in vitro via a mechanism that is dependent on proteasome and transporter-associated protein function as well as the retrotranslocation of EphA2 into the tumor cytoplasm. When 17-DMAG and agonist anti-EphA2 monoclonal antibodies are coapplied, T-cell recognition of tumor cells is further increased over that observed for either agent alone. These studies suggest that EphA2 represents a novel heat shock protein 90 client protein and that the treatment of cancer patients with 17-DMAG-based "pulse" therapy may improve the antitumor efficacy of CD8(+) T effector cells reactive against EphA2-derived epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Kawabe
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213, USA
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26
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Bioley G, Dousset C, Yeh A, Dupont B, Bhardwaj N, Mears G, Old LJ, Ayyoub M, Valmori D. Vaccination with recombinant NY-ESO-1 protein elicits immunodominant HLA-DR52b-restricted CD4+ T cell responses with a conserved T cell receptor repertoire. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:4467-74. [PMID: 19531622 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-09-0582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE ESO is a tumor-specific antigen with wide expression in human tumors of different histologic types and remarkable spontaneous immunogenicity. We have previously shown that specific T(H)1 and antibody responses can be elicited in patients with no detectable preexisting immune responses by vaccination with rESO administered with Montanide ISA-51 and CpG ODN 7909. The purpose of the present study was to characterize vaccine-induced ESO-specific CD4(+) T cell responses. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We generated CD4(+) T cell clones from patient C2, who had the highest CD4(+) T cell response to the vaccine, and analyzed their fine specificity and HLA class II restriction to determine the recognized epitope. We then assessed the response to the identified epitope in all vaccinated patients expressing the corresponding HLA class II allele. RESULTS We found that ESO-specific CD4(+) T cell clones from patient C2 recognize peptide ESO(119-143) (core region 123-137) presented by HLA-DR52b (HLA-DRB3*0202), a MHC class II allele expressed by about half of Caucasians. Importantly, following vaccination, all patients expressing DR52b developed significant responses to the identified epitope, accounting for, on average, half of the total CD4(+) T cell responses to the 119-143 immunodominant region. In addition, analysis of ESO-specific DR52b-restricted CD4(+) T cells at the clonal level revealed significant conservation of T cell receptor usage among different individuals. CONCLUSIONS The identification of a DR52b-restricted epitope from ESO that is immunodominant in the context of vaccine-elicited immune responses is instrumental for the immunologic monitoring of vaccination trials targeting this important tumor antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Bioley
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, CLCC René Gauducheau, Boulevard Jacques Monod, Saint Herblain, France
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27
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Vaccination With a Recombinant Protein Encoding the Tumor-specific Antigen NY-ESO-1 Elicits an A2/157-165-specific CTL Repertoire Structurally Distinct and of Reduced Tumor Reactivity Than That Elicited by Spontaneous Immune Responses to NY-ESO-1-expressing Tumors. J Immunother 2009; 32:161-8. [DOI: 10.1097/cji.0b013e31819302f6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Matsuzaki J, Qian F, Luescher I, Lele S, Ritter G, Shrikant PA, Gnjatic S, Old LJ, Odunsi K. Recognition of naturally processed and ovarian cancer reactive CD8+ T cell epitopes within a promiscuous HLA class II T-helper region of NY-ESO-1. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2008; 57:1185-95. [PMID: 18253733 PMCID: PMC11031114 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-008-0450-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2007] [Accepted: 01/09/2008] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
NY-ESO-1 is frequently expressed in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and elicits spontaneous humoral and cellular immune responses in a proportion of EOC patients. The identification of NY-ESO-1 peptide epitopes with dual HLA-class I and class II specificities might be useful in vaccination strategies for generating cognate CD4+ T cell help to augment CD8+ T cell responses. Here, we describe two novel NY-ESO-1-derived MHC class I epitopes from EOC patients with spontaneous humoral immune response to NY-ESO-1. CD8+ T cells derived from NY-ESO-1 seropositive EOC patients were presensitized with a recombinant adenovirus encoding NY-ESO-1or pooled overlapping peptides. These epitopes, ESO127-136 presented by HLA-A68 molecule, and ESO127-135 restricted by HLA-Cw15 allele, are located within ESO119-143, a promiscuous HLA-class II region containing epitopes that bind to multiple HLA-DR alleles. The novel epitopes were naturally processed by APC or naturally presented by tumor cell lines. In addition, these epitopes induced NY-ESO-1-specific CTL in NY-ESO-1 seropositive EOC patients. Together, the results indicate that ESO119-143 epitope has dual HLA classes I and II specificities, and represents a potential vaccine candidate in a large number of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Matsuzaki
- Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA
| | - Feng Qian
- Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA
| | | | - Shashikant Lele
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Gerd Ritter
- New York Branch at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY USA
| | - Protul A. Shrikant
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Sacha Gnjatic
- New York Branch at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY USA
| | - Lloyd J. Old
- New York Branch at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY USA
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA
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Suzuki S, Sasajima K, Sato Y, Watanabe H, Matsutani T, Iida S, Hosone M, Tsukui T, Maeda S, Shimizu K, Tajiri T. MAGE-A protein and MAGE-A10 gene expressions in liver metastasis in patients with stomach cancer. Br J Cancer 2008; 99:350-6. [PMID: 18594524 PMCID: PMC2480964 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour samples from 71 patients with stomach cancer, 41 patients with liver metastasis (group A) and 15 patients each in stages II–IV (group B) and stage I (group C) without liver metastasis were analysed. MAGE-A protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry using a 6C1 monoclonal antibody and MAGE-A10 mRNA expression was detected by highly sensitive in situ hybridisation using a cRNA probe. Expressions of MAGE-A protein and MAGE-A10 mRNA in group A were detected in 65.9 and 80.5%, respectively. Both protein and gene showed significantly higher expression in group A than those in groups B (6.7, 26.7%) and C (0, 0%) (P=0.0003, P=<0.0001, respectively). MAGE-A10 mRNA expression in liver metastasis was found in eight (88.9%) out of nine patients. The concordant rate between MAGE-A family protein expression and MAGE-A10 mRNA expression in the primary sites was 81.7% (P<0.0001). MAGE-A10 gene expression was associated with reduced survival duration. The results of this study suggest that MAGE-A10 is a possible target in active immunotherapy for advanced stomach cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Suzuki
- Department of Surgery, Tama-Nagayama Hospital, Nippon Medical School, Tama, Tokyo, Japan.
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30
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Identification of prostate cancer antigens by automated high-throughput filter immunoscreening. J Immunol Methods 2008; 330:12-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2007.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2007] [Revised: 10/01/2007] [Accepted: 10/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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31
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Iero M, Squarcina P, Romero P, Guillaume P, Scarselli E, Cerino R, Carrabba M, Toutirais O, Parmiani G, Rivoltini L. Low TCR avidity and lack of tumor cell recognition in CD8(+) T cells primed with the CEA-analogue CAP1-6D peptide. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2007; 56:1979-91. [PMID: 17564703 PMCID: PMC11030693 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-007-0342-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2007] [Accepted: 05/17/2007] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The use of "altered peptide ligands" (APL), epitopes designed for exerting increased immunogenicity as compared with native determinants, represents nowadays one of the most utilized strategies for overcoming immune tolerance to self-antigens and boosting anti-tumor T cell-mediated immune responses. However, the actual ability of APL-primed T cells to cross-recognize natural epitopes expressed by tumor cells remains a crucial concern. In the present study, we show that CAP1-6D, a superagonist analogue of a carcinoembriyonic antigen (CEA)-derived HLA-A*0201-restricted epitope widely used in clinical setting, reproducibly promotes the generation of low-affinity CD8(+) T cells lacking the ability to recognized CEA-expressing colorectal carcinoma (CRC) cells. Short-term T cell cultures, obtained by priming peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HLA-A*0201(+) healthy donors or CRC patients with CAP1-6D, were indeed found to heterogeneously cross-react with saturating concentrations of the native peptide CAP1, but to fail constantly lysing or recognizing through IFN- gamma release CEA(+)CRC cells. Characterization of anti-CAP1-6D T cell avidity, gained through peptide titration, CD8-dependency assay, and staining with mutated tetramers (D227K/T228A), revealed that anti-CAP1-6D T cells exerted a differential interaction with the two CEA epitopes, i.e., displaying high affinity/CD8-independency toward the APL and low affinity/CD8-dependency toward the native CAP1 peptide. Our data demonstrate that the efficient detection of self-antigen expressed by tumors could be a feature of high avidity CD8-independent T cells, and underline the need for extensive analysis of tumor cross-recognition prior to any clinical usage of APL as anti-cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Iero
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Squarcina
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Pedro Romero
- Division of Clinical Onco-Immunology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Guillaume
- Division of Clinical Onco-Immunology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elisa Scarselli
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Department, IRBM P. Angeletti, Pomezia, Italy
| | - Raffaele Cerino
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Department, IRBM P. Angeletti, Pomezia, Italy
| | - Matteo Carrabba
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Olivier Toutirais
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique et de Biologie Cellulaire, Hôpital Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | - Giorgio Parmiani
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Present Address: Unit of Immunobiotherapy of Solid Tumors, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Licia Rivoltini
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Bai XF, Liu JQ, Joshi PS, Wang L, Yin L, Labanowska J, Heerema N, Zheng P, Liu Y. Different lineages of P1A-expressing cancer cells use divergent modes of immune evasion for T-cell adoptive therapy. Cancer Res 2007; 66:8241-9. [PMID: 16912204 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-06-0279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor evasion of T-cell immunity remains a significant obstacle to adoptive T-cell therapy. It is unknown whether the mode of immune evasion is dictated by the cancer cells or by the tumor antigens. Taking advantage of the fact that multiple lineages of tumor cells share the tumor antigen P1A, we adoptively transferred transgenic T cells specific for P1A (P1CTL) into mice with established P1A-expressing tumors, including mastocytoma P815, plasmocytoma J558, and fibrosarcoma Meth A. Although P1CTL conferred partial protection, tumors recurred in almost all mice. Analysis of the status of the tumor antigen revealed that all J558 tumors underwent antigenic drift whereas all P815 tumors experienced antigenic loss. Interestingly, although Meth A cells are capable of both antigenic loss and antigenic drift, the majority of recurrent Meth A tumors retained P1A antigen. The ability of Meth A to induce apoptosis of P1CTL in vivo alleviated the need for antigenic drift and antigenic loss. Our data showed that, in spite of their shared tumor antigen, different lineages of cancer cells use different mechanisms to evade T-cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Feng Bai
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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33
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Cheung YK, Cheng SCS, Sin FWY, Chan KT, Xie Y. Induction of T-cell response by a DNA vaccine encoding a novel HLA-A*0201 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus epitope. Vaccine 2007; 25:6070-7. [PMID: 17629360 PMCID: PMC7115375 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2007] [Revised: 05/03/2007] [Accepted: 05/12/2007] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus nucleocapsid protein (SARS-CoV N) is one of the major targets for SARS vaccine due to its high potency in triggering immune responses. In this study, we have identified a novel HLA-A*0201 restricted epitope, N220 (LALLLLDRL), of the SARS-CoV N-protein through bioinformatics analysis. The N-protein peptide N220 shows a high binding affinity towards human MHC class I in T2-cells, and is capable of activating cytotoxic T-cells in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The application of using the N220 peptide sequence with a single-chain-trimer (SCT) approach to produce a potential DNA vaccine candidate was investigated in HLA-A2.1K(b) transgenic mice. Cytotoxicity assay clearly showed that the T-cells obtained from the vaccinated animals were able to kill the N-protein expressing cells with a cytotoxicity level of 86% in an effector cells/target cells ratio of 81:1 one week after the last vaccination, which is significantly higher than other N-protein peptides previously described. The novel immunogenic N-protein peptide revealed in the present study provides valuable information for therapeutic SARS vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yong Xie
- Department of Biology, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Godefroy E, Wang Y, Souleimanian NE, Scotto L, Stevanovic S, Chen YT, Valmori D, Ayyoub M. Assessment of CD4+ T cells specific for the tumor antigen SSX-1 in cancer-free individuals. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2007; 56:1183-92. [PMID: 17186289 PMCID: PMC11030208 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-006-0269-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2006] [Accepted: 11/27/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Proteins encoded by genes of the SSX family are specifically expressed in tumors and are therefore relevant targets for cancer immunotherapy. One of the first identified family members, SSX-1, is expressed in a large fraction of synovial sarcomas as a fusion protein together with the product of the SYT gene. In addition, the full-length SSX-1 antigen is frequently expressed in tumors of several other histological types such as sarcoma, melanoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, ovarian cancer and myeloma. To date, however, SSX-1 specific T cell responses have not been investigated and no SSX-1 derived T cell epitopes have been described. Here, we have assessed the presence of CD4(+) T cells directed against the SSX-1 antigen in circulating lymphocytes of cancer-free individuals. After a single in vitro stimulation with a pool of peptides spanning the entire SSX-1 protein we could detect and isolate SSX-1-specific CD4(+) T cells from 5/5 donors analyzed. SSX-1-specific polyclonal populations isolated from these cultures recognized peptides located in three distinct regions of the protein containing clusters of sequences with significant predicted binding to frequently expressed MHC class II alleles. Characterization of specific clonal CD4(+) T cell populations derived from one donor allowed the identification of several naturally processed epitopes recognized in association with HLA-DR. These data document the existence of a significant repertoire of CD4(+) T cells specific for SSX-1 derived sequences in circulating lymphocytes of any individual that can be exploited for the development of both passive and active immunotherapeutic approaches to control disease evolution in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Godefroy
- Ludwig Institute Clinical Trial Center, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 650 West 168th Street, Black Building Room 20-07, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Ludwig Institute Clinical Trial Center, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 650 West 168th Street, Black Building Room 20-07, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Naira E. Souleimanian
- Ludwig Institute Clinical Trial Center, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 650 West 168th Street, Black Building Room 20-07, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Luigi Scotto
- Ludwig Institute Clinical Trial Center, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 650 West 168th Street, Black Building Room 20-07, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Stefan Stevanovic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Yao-Tseng Chen
- Department of Pathology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY USA
| | - Danila Valmori
- Ludwig Institute Clinical Trial Center, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 650 West 168th Street, Black Building Room 20-07, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Maha Ayyoub
- Ludwig Institute Clinical Trial Center, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 650 West 168th Street, Black Building Room 20-07, New York, NY 10032 USA
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35
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Odunsi K, Qian F, Matsuzaki J, Mhawech-Fauceglia P, Andrews C, Hoffman EW, Pan L, Ritter G, Villella J, Thomas B, Rodabaugh K, Lele S, Shrikant P, Old LJ, Gnjatic S. Vaccination with an NY-ESO-1 peptide of HLA class I/II specificities induces integrated humoral and T cell responses in ovarian cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:12837-42. [PMID: 17652518 PMCID: PMC1937553 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0703342104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
NY-ESO-1 is a "cancer-testis" antigen expressed in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and is among the most immunogenic tumor antigens defined to date. The NY-ESO-1 peptide epitope, ESO(157-170), is recognized by HLA-DP4-restricted CD4+ T cells and HLA-A2- and A24-restricted CD8+ T cells. To test whether providing cognate helper CD4+ T cells would enhance the antitumor immune response, we conducted a phase I clinical trial of immunization with ESO(157-170) mixed with incomplete Freund's adjuvant (Montanide ISA51) in 18 HLA-DP4+ EOC patients with minimal disease burden. NY-ESO-1-specific Ab responses and/or specific HLA-A2-restricted CD8+ and HLA-DP4-restricted CD4+ T cell responses were induced by a course of at least five vaccinations at three weekly intervals in a high proportion of patients. There were no serious vaccine-related adverse events. Vaccine-induced CD8+ and CD4+ T cell clones were shown to recognize NY-ESO-1-expressing tumor targets. T cell receptor analysis indicated that tumor-recognizing CD4+ T cell clones were structurally distinct from non-tumor-recognizing clones. Long-lived and functional vaccine-elicited CD8+ and CD4+ T cells were detectable in some patients up to 12 months after immunization. These results confirm the paradigm that the provision of cognate CD4+ T cell help is important for cancer vaccine design and provides the rationale for a phase II study design using ESO(157-170) epitope or the full-length NY-ESO-1 protein for immunotherapy in patients with EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunle Odunsi
- Departments of Gynecologic Oncology
- Immunology
- To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail: or
| | - Feng Qian
- Departments of Gynecologic Oncology
- Immunology
| | | | | | - Christopher Andrews
- Clinical Biostatistics, Cancer Prevention, and Population Science, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263; and
| | - Eric W. Hoffman
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021
| | - Linda Pan
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021
| | - Gerd Ritter
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lloyd J. Old
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021
- To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail: or
| | - Sacha Gnjatic
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021
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36
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Pang PHS, Chan KT, Tse LYW, Chan RCF, Cheung YK, Sin FWY, Guo ZH, Xie Y. Induction of cytotoxic T cell response against HCA661 positive cancer cells through activation with novel HLA-A *0201 restricted epitopes. Cancer Lett 2007; 256:178-85. [PMID: 17624664 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2007.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2007] [Revised: 05/31/2007] [Accepted: 06/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
HCA661 is a cancer-testis (CT) antigen frequently expressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To search for immunogenic peptides of HCA661, bioinformatics analysis and CD8(+) T cell IFN-gamma ELISPOT assay were employed, and two HLA-A *0201 restricted peptides, H110 and H246, were identified. These two HCA661 peptides are naturally processed in dendritic cells (DCs) and when used for DCs loading, they are sufficient to prime autologous CD8(+) T cells to elicit cytotoxic response against HCA661(+) human cancer cells. The HCA661 peptides, H110 and H246, are hence attractive candidates for human cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Ha-Sang Pang
- Department of Biology, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Abstract
Human sarcoma cells can be killed by radio- and chemotherapy, but tumor cells acquiring resistance frequently kill the patient. A keen understanding of the intracellular course of oncogenic cascades leads to the discovery of small molecular inhibitors of the involved phosphorylated kinases. Targeted therapy complements chemotherapy. Oncogene silencing is feasible by small interfering RNA. The restoration of some of the mutated or deleted tumor-suppressor genes (p53, Rb, PTEN, hSNF, INK/ARF and WT) by demethylation or reacetylation of their histones has been accomplished. Genetically engineered or naturally oncolytic viruses selectively lyse tumors and leave healthy tissues intact. Adeno- or retroviral vectors deliver genes of immunological costimulators, tumor antigens, chemo- or cytokines and/or tumor-suppressor proteins into tumor (sarcoma) cells. Suicide gene delivery results in apoptosis induction. Genes of enzymes that target prodrugs as their substrates render tumor cells highly susceptible to chemotherapy, with the prodrug to be targeted intracellularly. It will be combinations of sophisticated surgical removal of the nonencapsulated and locally invasive primary sarcomas, advanced forms of radiotherapy to the involved sites and immunotherapy with sarcoma vaccines that will cure primary sarcomas. Adoptive immunotherapy with immune lymphocytes will be operational in metastatic disease only when populations of regulatory T cells are controlled. Targeted therapy with small molecular inhibitors of oncogene cascades, the driving forces of sarcoma cells, alteration of the tumor stroma from a supportive to a tumor-hostile environment, reactivation or replacement of wild-type tumor-suppressor genes, and radio-chemotherapy (with much reduced toxicity) will eventually accomplish the cure of metastatic sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph G Sinkovics
- The University of South Florida, Cancer Institute of St Joseph's Hospital, HL Moffitt Cancer Center, The University of South Florida College of Medicine, FL, USA.
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Wahl A, Weidanz J, Hildebrand W. Direct class I HLA antigen discovery to distinguish virus-infected and cancerous cells. Expert Rev Proteomics 2007; 3:641-52. [PMID: 17181478 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.3.6.641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Class I human leukocyte antigen molecules are nature's proteome-scanning chips, presenting thousands of endogenously loaded peptides on the surface of virtually every cell in the body. Cytotoxic T cells survey the class I human leukocyte antigen peptide cargo presented, recognize peptides unique to unhealthy cells and destroy diseased cells. A precise understanding of how class I molecules distinguish diseased cells is positioned to drive immune-based diagnostics, therapies and vaccines. When identifying epitopes unique to unhealthy cells, the most experimentally direct approach is to examine the class I-presented peptides of infected/cancerous cells. Here we discuss the strategies adapted for protein production, protein/peptide purification, peptide separation and for maintaining experimental reproducibility during the direct characterization of class I human leukocyte antigen peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Wahl
- University of Oklahoma, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE, 10 Street, BRC Room 317, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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Abstract
Most patients with poor-prognosis myeloma (abnormal metaphase cytogenetics) achieve excellent responses with tandem transplants, but the remissions are not durable. Novel interventions such as immunotherapy may eradicate the residual chemotherapy-resistant disease. Immunotherapy targeting weak antigens such as myeloma idiotype or tumor lysate has failed to produce clinically meaningful responses. We previously reported that the NY-ESO-1 antigen is expressed in >60% of poor-prognosis myeloma at diagnosis. Since NY-ESO-1 is highly immunogenic and is not expressed in most normal tissues, it is an ideal target for anti-myeloma immunotherapy. NY-ESO-1 based therapies are already being tested in clinical trials for a multitude of tumors. This review discusses the potential of NY-ESO-1 immunotherapy to improve outcome for myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susann Szmania
- Myeloma Institute for Research and Therapy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
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40
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Karbach J, Gnjatic S, Pauligk C, Bender A, Maeurer M, Schultze JL, Nadler K, Wahle C, Knuth A, Old LJ, Jäger E. Tumor-reactive CD8+ T-cell clones in patients after NY-ESO-1 peptide vaccination. Int J Cancer 2007; 121:2042-2048. [PMID: 17640060 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.22957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A major objective of peptide vaccination is the induction of tumor-reactive CD8+ T-cells. We have shown that HLA-A2 positive cancer patients frequently develop an antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell response after vaccination with NY-ESO-1 peptides p157-165/p157-167. These T-cells are highly reactive with the peptides used for vaccination, but only rarely recognize HLA-matched, NY-ESO-1 expressing tumor cell lines. To address the apparent lack of tumor recognition of vaccine-induced CD8+ T-cell responses, we used autologous tumor cells for in vitro stimulation and expansion of pre- and postvaccine CD8+ T-cells. In contrast to standard presensitization methods with peptide-pulsed antigen-presenting cells, mixed lymphocyte tumor culture favored the selective expansion of low-frequency tumor-reactive T-cells. In four patients, we were able to demonstrate that antigen-specific and tumor-reactive T-cells are detectable and are indeed elicited as a result of NY-ESO-1 peptide vaccination. Further analyses of postvaccine antigen-specific T-cells at a clonal level show that vaccine-induced antigen-specific T-cells are heterogeneous in functional activity. These results suggest that the methods of immunomonitoring are critical to identify the proportion of tumor-reactive T-cells within the population of vaccine-induced antigen-specific effector cells. Our results show that immunization with NY-ESO-1 peptides leads to strong tumor-reactive CD8+ T-cell responses. Our findings suggest that approaches to peptide vaccination may be improved to induce higher numbers of antigen-specific T-cells and to selectively increase the proportion of CD8+ T-cells that have the capacity to recognize and eliminate tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Karbach
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Hämatologie-Onkologie, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sacha Gnjatic
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York Branch at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, NY
| | - Claudia Pauligk
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Hämatologie-Onkologie, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Armin Bender
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Hämatologie-Onkologie, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Markus Maeurer
- Microbiology and Tumor Biology Center (MTC), Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
| | - Joachim L Schultze
- Molekulare Tumorbiologie und Tumorimmunologie, Klinik I für Innere Medizin, Klinikum der Universität zu Köln, Germany
| | - Kerstin Nadler
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Hämatologie-Onkologie, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Claudia Wahle
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Hämatologie-Onkologie, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alexander Knuth
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Onkologie, UniversitätsSpital Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lloyd J Old
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York Branch at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, NY
| | - Elke Jäger
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Hämatologie-Onkologie, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frankfurt, Germany
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41
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Luo Y, Markowitz D, Xiang R, Zhou H, Reisfeld RA. FLK-1-based minigene vaccines induce T cell-mediated suppression of angiogenesis and tumor protective immunity in syngeneic BALB/c mice. Vaccine 2006; 25:1409-15. [PMID: 17113202 PMCID: PMC1995657 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2006] [Revised: 10/17/2006] [Accepted: 10/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a rate-limiting step in the development of tumors. Here, we demonstrate that oral minigene DNA vaccines against murine vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (FLK-1), a self-antigen overexpressed on proliferating endothelial cells in the tumor vasculature, induced protection against tumors of different origin in syngeneic BALB/c mice. This protection is mediated by CD8 T cells, which specifically kill FLK-1(+) endothelial cells, resulting in marked suppression of tumor angiogenesis. More importantly, the minigene vaccine proved to be of similar efficacy as a vaccine encoding the whole FLK-1 gene. These data suggest a FLK-1 minigene vaccine provides a more flexible alternative to the whole gene vaccine and will facilitate their future design and clinical applications in cancer therapy and prevention.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Cancer Vaccines/genetics
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Cancer Vaccines/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Colonic Neoplasms/blood supply
- Colonic Neoplasms/immunology
- Colonic Neoplasms/prevention & control
- Colonic Neoplasms/therapy
- Endothelial Cells/cytology
- Endothelial Cells/immunology
- Female
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/blood supply
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/prevention & control
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Neoplasms, Experimental/blood supply
- Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/prevention & control
- Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/immunology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/therapy
- Vaccines, DNA/genetics
- Vaccines, DNA/immunology
- Vaccines, DNA/pharmacology
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/immunology
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42
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van der Burg SH, Bijker MS, Welters MJP, Offringa R, Melief CJM. Improved peptide vaccine strategies, creating synthetic artificial infections to maximize immune efficacy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2006; 58:916-30. [PMID: 16979788 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2005.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2005] [Accepted: 07/10/2006] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Soon after it was realized that T-cells recognize their target antigens as small protein fragments or peptides presented by MHC molecules at the cell surface, these peptide epitopes have been tried as vaccines. Human testing of such vaccines, although protective in mouse models, has produced mixed results. Since these initial trials, there has been an tremendous increase in our understanding of how infectious organisms can induce potent immune responses. In this article we review the key changes in the design, formulation and delivery of synthetic peptide vaccines that are applied to improve peptide vaccine strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjoerd H van der Burg
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Gnjatic S, Nishikawa H, Jungbluth AA, Güre AO, Ritter G, Jäger E, Knuth A, Chen YT, Old LJ. NY-ESO-1: review of an immunogenic tumor antigen. Adv Cancer Res 2006; 95:1-30. [PMID: 16860654 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-230x(06)95001-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 264] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In the 9 years since its discovery, cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 has made one of the fastest transitions from molecular, cellular, and immunological description to vaccine and immunotherapy candidate, already tested in various formulations in more than 30 clinical trials worldwide. Its main characteristic resides in its capacity to elicit spontaneous antibody and T-cell responses in a proportion of cancer patients. An overview of immunological findings and immunotherapeutic approaches with NY-ESO-1, as well the role of regulation in NY-ESO-1 immunogenicity, is presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sacha Gnjatic
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, New York Branch at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York 10021, USA
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44
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Jäger E, Karbach J, Gnjatic S, Neumann A, Bender A, Valmori D, Ayyoub M, Ritter E, Ritter G, Jäger D, Panicali D, Hoffman E, Pan L, Oettgen H, Old LJ, Knuth A. Recombinant vaccinia/fowlpox NY-ESO-1 vaccines induce both humoral and cellular NY-ESO-1-specific immune responses in cancer patients. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:14453-8. [PMID: 16984998 PMCID: PMC1570182 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0606512103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
NY-ESO-1 is a cancer/testis antigen expressed in a range of human malignancies, and a number of vaccine strategies targeting NY-ESO-1 are being developed. In the present study, the safety and immunogenicity of recombinant vaccinia-NY-ESO-1 and recombinant fowlpox-NY-ESO-1 were analyzed in a series of 36 patients with a range of different tumor types. Each construct was first tested individually at two different dose levels and then in a prime-boost setting with recombinant vaccinia-NY-ESO-1 followed by recombinant fowlpox-NY-ESO-1. The vaccines were well tolerated either individually or together. NY-ESO-1-specific antibody responses and/or specific CD8 and CD4 T cell responses directed against a broad range of NY-ESO-1 epitopes were induced by a course of at least four vaccinations at monthly intervals in a high proportion of patients. CD8 T cell clones derived from five vaccinated patients were shown to lyse NY-ESO-1-expressing melanoma target cells. In several patients with melanoma, there was a strong impression that the natural course of the disease was favorably influenced by vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Jäger
- *Ludwig Institute Clinical Trial Center, Medizinische Klinik II, Hämatologie–Onkologie, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Steinbacher Hohl 2–26, 60488 Frankfurt, Germany
- To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail:
or
| | - Julia Karbach
- *Ludwig Institute Clinical Trial Center, Medizinische Klinik II, Hämatologie–Onkologie, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Steinbacher Hohl 2–26, 60488 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sacha Gnjatic
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021
| | - Antje Neumann
- *Ludwig Institute Clinical Trial Center, Medizinische Klinik II, Hämatologie–Onkologie, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Steinbacher Hohl 2–26, 60488 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Armin Bender
- *Ludwig Institute Clinical Trial Center, Medizinische Klinik II, Hämatologie–Onkologie, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Steinbacher Hohl 2–26, 60488 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Danila Valmori
- Ludwig Institute Clinical Trial Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 622 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032
| | - Maha Ayyoub
- Ludwig Institute Clinical Trial Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 622 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032
| | - Erika Ritter
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021
| | - Gerd Ritter
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021
| | - Dirk Jäger
- Medizinische Onkologie, Nationales Centrum für Tumorerkrankungen, Universitätsklinik Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dennis Panicali
- Therion Biologics Corporation, 76 Rogers Street, Cambridge, MA 02142-1119; and
| | - Eric Hoffman
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021
| | - Linda Pan
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021
| | - Herbert Oettgen
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021
| | - Lloyd J. Old
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021
- To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail:
or
| | - Alexander Knuth
- **Klinik und Poliklinik für Onkologie, Universitätsspital, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
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45
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Wadle A, Held G, Neumann F, Kleber S, Wuellner B, Asemissen AM, Kubuschok B, Scheibenbogen C, Breinig T, Meyerhans A, Renner C. Cross-presentation of HLA class I epitopes from influenza matrix protein produced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Vaccine 2006; 24:6272-81. [PMID: 16860448 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.05.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2005] [Revised: 05/18/2006] [Accepted: 05/23/2006] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Here we report that genetically engineered yeast of the strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing full-length influenza matrix protein (IMP) attached to the yeast cell wall are a very versatile host for antigen delivery. Feeding of dendritic cells with either intact yeast expressing IMP protein or soluble IMP protein cleaved off the cell wall resulted in protein uptake, processing and cross-presentation of IMP-derived peptides. This process was analysed using previously established T-cell lines recognizing the immuno-dominant 58-66 peptide when presented by HLA-A2*0201 complexes. In addition, IMP(58-66)/HLA-A2*0201-specific antibodies were selected from a naive phage library which confirmed that peptide presentation was an active process of endocellular uptake and not just a result of external peptide loading. Moreover, MHC peptide antibodies could block the recognition of peptide-presenting dendritic cells by IMP(58-66)-specific T-cells in a dose dependent manner. There was no difference in T-cell recognition when either intact yeast or yeast cell extracts were used for DC feeding. Together, these data demonstrate that yeast derived proteins either in their soluble form or as part of a whole yeast vaccine are taken up, processed and presented by dendritic cells in HLA class I context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Wadle
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Onkologie, Rämistr. 100, UniversitätsSpital Zürich, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland
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Hirano N, Butler MO, Xia Z, Berezovskaya A, Murray AP, Ansén S, Nadler LM. Efficient Presentation of Naturally Processed HLA Class I Peptides by Artificial Antigen-Presenting Cells for the Generation of Effective Antitumor Responses. Clin Cancer Res 2006; 12:2967-75. [PMID: 16707591 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-05-2791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Appropriate presentation of tumor-associated antigens (TAA) by antigen-presenting cells (APC) is required for the development of clinically relevant antitumor T-cell responses. One common approach, which uses APC pulsed with synthetic peptides, can sometimes generate ineffective immune responses. This failure may, in part, be attributed to the formation of HLA/synthetic pulsed peptide complexes that possess different conformations compared with those of endogenously presented peptides. In addition, endogenous peptides may undergo post-translational modifications, which do not occur with synthetic peptides. Because our goal is to induce immunity that can recognize TAA that are endogenously presented by tumors, we designed an APC that would not only express the required immunoaccessory molecules but also naturally process and present target antigenic peptides. In this study, we generated an artificial APC (aAPC) that can endogenously present any chosen HLA-A*0201 (A2)-restricted peptide by processing a fusion protein that contains a unique "LTK" sequence linked to the antigenic peptide. Proteasome-dependent processing is so effective that the presented peptide can be directly eluted from the cell surface and identified by biochemical methods. Furthermore, we found that aAPC, engineered to endogenously present peptide derived from the melanoma antigen MART1, can be used to prime and expand antitumor CTL that target MART1-expressing tumor cells in a HLA-A2-restricted manner. Our engineered aAPC could serve as an "off-the-shelf" APC designed to constitutively express class I-restricted TAA peptides and could be used to generate effective T-cell responses to treat human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Hirano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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Maia S, Haining WN, Ansén S, Xia Z, Armstrong SA, Seth NP, Ghia P, den Boer ML, Pieters R, Sallan SE, Nadler LM, Cardoso AA. Gene expression profiling identifies BAX-delta as a novel tumor antigen in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer Res 2005; 65:10050-8. [PMID: 16267031 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-1574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The identification of new tumor-associated antigens (TAA) is critical for the development of effective immunotherapeutic strategies, particularly in diseases like B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), where few target epitopes are known. To accelerate the identification of novel TAA in B-ALL, we used a combination of expression profiling and reverse immunology. We compared gene expression profiles of primary B-ALL cells with their normal counterparts, B-cell precursors. Genes differentially expressed by B-ALL cells included many previously identified as TAA in other malignancies. Within this set of overexpressed genes, we focused on those that may be functionally important to the cancer cell. The apoptosis-related molecule, BAX, was highly correlated with the ALL class distinction. Therefore, we evaluated BAX and its isoforms as potential TAA. Peptides from the isoform BAX-delta bound with high affinity to HLA-A*0201 and HLA-DR1. CD8+ CTLs specific for BAX-delta epitopes or their heteroclitic peptides could be expanded from normal donors. BAX-delta-specific T cells lysed peptide-pulsed targets and BAX-delta-expressing leukemia cells in a MHC-restricted fashion. Moreover, primary B-ALL cells were recognized by BAX-delta-specific CTL, indicating that this antigen is naturally processed and presented by tumor cells. This study suggests that (a) BAX-delta may serve as a widely expressed TAA in B-ALL and (b) gene expression profiling can be a generalizable tool to identify immunologic targets for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Maia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Ayyoub M, Souleimanian NE, Godefroy E, Scotto L, Hesdorffer CS, Old LJ, Valmori D. A phenotype based approach for the immune monitoring of NY-ESO-1-specific CD4+ T cell responses in cancer patients. Clin Immunol 2005; 118:188-94. [PMID: 16368270 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2005.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2005] [Revised: 09/21/2005] [Accepted: 10/02/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Because of its frequent expression in tumors and spontaneous immunogenicity in advanced cancer patients, NY-ESO-1 is presently viewed as a prototype tumor antigen for the development of cancer vaccines. A prerequisite for the analysis of NY-ESO-1-specific T cell responses in vaccinated patients is the assessment of the complete T cell repertoire available for the antigen. Here, we have assessed frequency and fine specificity of CD4+ T cells reactive against NY-ESO-1-derived sequences in circulating lymphocytes from cancer patients with spontaneous responses to the antigen. We found that, relative to healthy donors, this frequency was only moderately increased in cancer patients. The reactivity of these cells, however, was directed against the same immunodominant regions previously identified for healthy donors. On account of these data, we developed an approach for the immune monitoring of NY-ESO-1-specific CD4+ T cell responses based on the assessment of CD4+ T cell populations of defined phenotype. Using this approach, a similar frequency of NY-ESO-1-specific CD4+ T cells was found among naive T cells of healthy donors and cancer patients. In contrast, among antigen-experienced T cells, NY-ESO-1-specific CD4+ T cells were exclusively detectable in cancer patients. We anticipate that this phenotype-based approach will be useful for the immune monitoring of vaccine-induced responses in vaccination trials using NY-ESO-1 as well as other tumor antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Ayyoub
- Ludwig Institute Clinical Trial Center, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Le Gal FA, Ayyoub M, Dutoit V, Widmer V, Jäger E, Cerottini JC, Dietrich PY, Valmori D. Distinct structural TCR repertoires in naturally occurring versus vaccine-induced CD8+ T-cell responses to the tumor-specific antigen NY-ESO-1. J Immunother 2005; 28:252-7. [PMID: 15838382 DOI: 10.1097/01.cji.0000161398.34701.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous immune responses to the cancer testis antigen NY-ESO-1 are frequently found in cancer patients bearing antigen-expressing tumors. In HLA-A2-expressing patients, naturally elicited NY-ESO-1-specific, tumor-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are mostly directed against an immunodominant epitope corresponding to peptide NY-ESO-1 157-165. NY-ESO-1-specific CTLs can also be induced by synthetic peptide vaccines, but they are heterogeneous in terms of functional avidity and tumor reactivity. The authors investigated the structural bases of this phenomenon by analyzing the TCR features of natural and vaccine-induced NY-ESO-1-specific CTLs. The results indicate that CTLs from the two groups exhibit highly structurally conserved but distinct TCR features, suggesting that the synthetic peptides used for vaccination may fail to faithfully mimic the naturally processed antigen. Together, the results of this study underline the strength of TCR molecular monitoring and will be instrumental for the development and monitoring of vaccines aimed at eliciting CTLs with high tumor reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédérique-Anne Le Gal
- Division of Oncology, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
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Khong HT, Yang JC, Topalian SL, Sherry RM, Mavroukakis SA, White DE, Rosenberg SA. Immunization of HLA-A*0201 and/or HLA-DPbeta1*04 patients with metastatic melanoma using epitopes from the NY-ESO-1 antigen. J Immunother 2005; 27:472-7. [PMID: 15534491 PMCID: PMC2227905 DOI: 10.1097/00002371-200411000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
HLA class I-restricted peptides are often used in peptide vaccine regimens. There is strong evidence that many of these peptides can generate specific CD8 T-cell responses in vivo; however, only occasional objective clinical responses have been reported. To test whether provision of "help" would enhance antitumor immunity, the authors initiated a clinical trial in which patients with metastatic melanoma were immunized against the NY-ESO-1 tumor antigen, using an HLA-A2-restricted peptide (ESO-1:165V), an HLA-DP4-restricted peptide (NY-ESO-1:161-180), or both peptides given concomitantly. The first cohorts received only ESO-1:165V, using three vaccination schedules. Immunologically, most patients developed immune responses to the HLA-A2-restricted native ESO-1 epitope after vaccination. Peptide vaccine given daily for 4 days appeared to induce immunologic responses more rapidly than if given once a week or once every 3 weeks. In contrast, vaccination using the NY-ESO-1:161-180 peptide induced immune responses in only a few patients. Clinically, one patient who received NY-ESO-1:161-180 peptide alone had a partial response lasing 12 months. Concomitant vaccination with the HLA class II-restricted peptide did not alter the immune response to the HLA class I-restricted peptide form NY-ESO-1. However, vaccination with the HLA-A2-restricted epitope generated primarily T cells that did not recognize tumor after in vitro sensitization. This result raises questions about the use of synthetic peptides derived from NY-ESO-1 as a sole form of immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung T Khong
- Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1502, USA
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