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Mares RG, Suica VI, Uyy E, Boteanu RM, Ivan L, Cocuz IG, Sabau AH, Yadav V, Szabo IA, Cotoi OS, Tomut ME, Jakobsson G, Simionescu M, Antohe F, Schiopu A. Short-term S100A8/A9 Blockade Promotes Cardiac Neovascularization after Myocardial Infarction. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s12265-024-10542-6. [PMID: 39009944 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-024-10542-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Acute-phase inhibition of the pro-inflammatory alarmin S100A8/A9 improves cardiac function post-myocardial infarction (MI), but the mechanisms underlying the long-term benefits of this short-term treatment remain to be elucidated. Here, we assessed the effects of S100A8/A9 blockade with the small-molecule inhibitor ABR-238901 on myocardial neovascularization in mice with induced MI. The treatment significantly reduced S100A9 and increased neovascularization in the myocardium, assessed by CD31 staining. Proteomic analysis by mass-spectrometry showed strong myocardial upregulation of the pro-angiogenic proteins filamin A (~ 10-fold) and reticulon 4 (~ 5-fold), and downregulation of the anti-angiogenic proteins Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA, ~ 4.7-fold), neutrophilic granule protein (Ngp, ~ 4.0-fold), and cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (Camp, ~ 4.4-fold) versus controls. In-vitro, ABR-238901 protected against apoptosis induced by recombinant human S100A8/A9 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In conclusion, S100A8/A9 blockade promotes post-MI myocardial neovascularization by favorably modulating pro-angiogenic proteins in the myocardium and by inhibiting endothelial cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razvan Gheorghita Mares
- Department of Pathophysiology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania.
| | - Viorel Iulian Suica
- Department of Proteomics, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Uyy
- Department of Proteomics, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Maria Boteanu
- Department of Proteomics, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Luminita Ivan
- Department of Proteomics, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iuliu Gabriel Cocuz
- Department of Pathophysiology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania
- Clinical County Hospital, Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Adrian Horatiu Sabau
- Department of Pathophysiology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania
- Clinical County Hospital, Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Vikas Yadav
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Istvan Adorjan Szabo
- Department of Pathophysiology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Simion Cotoi
- Department of Pathophysiology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania
- Clinical County Hospital, Targu Mures, Romania
| | | | - Gabriel Jakobsson
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Maya Simionescu
- Department of Proteomics, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Felicia Antohe
- Department of Proteomics, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandru Schiopu
- Department of Pathophysiology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Targu Mures, Romania.
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology - Functional Genomics, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest, Romania.
- Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
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2
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Logunova N, Kapina M, Dyatlov A, Kondratieva T, Rubakova E, Majorov K, Kondratieva E, Linge I, Apt A. Polygenic TB control and the sequence of innate/adaptive immune responses to infection: MHC-II alleles determine the size of the S100A8/9-producing neutrophil population. Immunology 2024. [PMID: 39003642 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Among several quantitative trait loci involved in tuberculosis (TB) control in mice, one was mapped within the chromosome 17 segment occupied by the H2 complex and another within the chromosome 3 segment comprising the S100A8/9 genes, which encode neutrophil inflammatory factor S100A8/9. Previously, we developed a panel of H2-congenic mouse strains differing by small segments of the major histocompatibility complex Class II (MHC-II) region from TB-susceptible H2j mice transferred onto the genetic background of the TB-resistant C57BL/6 (H2b) strain. Susceptible B6.I-9.3 mice differ from B6 progenitors by the alleles of their only classical MHC-II H2-Aβ gene. The goals of the present study were to: (i) comprehensively characterise the differences in TB-related phenotypes between mice of the two strains and (ii) decipher interactions between the H2-Aβ and S100A8/9 genes. Here, we describe the dynamics of TB-related phenotypes differentiating B6.I-9.3 and B6 mice (colony forming units counts, histopathology, lung immune cell infiltration and cytokine profiles). We show that disproportionally diminished CD4+ T-cell population, an enlarged S100A8/9-positive neutrophil population and higher S100A8/9 serum levels in B6.I-9.3 mice collectively form the 'susceptible' phenotype before infection. An increase in IL-17 and a decrease in intrferon-gamma production by CD4+ T-cells in these mice provide a mechanistic explanation of this phenotype. Using F2 segregation analysis, we show that the number of S100A8/9-producing neutrophils in lungs and spleens and the proportion of Th17 CD4+ T-cells in lungs are significantly lower in the presence of the MHC-II dominant 'resistant' b allele compared to the recessive 'susceptible' j/j genotype. This provides direct genetic evidence that MHC-II-regulated CD4+ T-cell landscapes determine neutrophil abundance before infection, an important pathogenic factor in TB immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda Logunova
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Kapina
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Dyatlov
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Kondratieva
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elvira Rubakova
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin Majorov
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Kondratieva
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Linge
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Apt
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
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3
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Wang Y, Shou X, Wu Y, Li D. Immuno-inflammatory pathogenesis in ischemic heart disease: perception and knowledge for neutrophil recruitment. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1411301. [PMID: 39050842 PMCID: PMC11266024 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1411301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) can trigger responses from the innate immune system, provoke aseptic inflammatory processes, and result in the recruitment and accumulation of neutrophils. Excessive recruitment of neutrophils is a potential driver of persistent cardiac inflammation. Once recruited, neutrophils are capable of secreting a plethora of inflammatory and chemotactic agents that intensify the inflammatory cascade. Additionally, neutrophils may obstruct microvasculature within the inflamed region, further augmenting myocardial injury in the context of IHD. Immune-related molecules mediate the recruitment process of neutrophils, such as immune receptors and ligands, immune active molecules, and immunocytes. Non-immune-related molecular pathways represented by pro-resolving lipid mediators are also involved in the regulation of NR. Finally, we discuss novel regulating strategies, including targeted intervention, agents, and phytochemical strategies. This review describes in as much detail as possible the upstream molecular mechanism and external intervention strategies for regulating NR, which represents a promising therapeutic avenue for IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xintian Shou
- Cardiovascular Diseases Center, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Cardiovascular, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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4
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Schild H, Bopp T. [Immunological foundations of neurological diseases]. DER NERVENARZT 2024:10.1007/s00115-024-01696-4. [PMID: 38953921 DOI: 10.1007/s00115-024-01696-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodegenerative diseases represent an increasing challenge in ageing societies, as only limited treatment options are currently available. OBJECTIVE New research methods and interdisciplinary interaction of different disciplines have changed the way neurological disorders are viewed and paved the way for the comparatively new field of neuroimmunology, which was established in the early 1980s. Starting from neurological autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, knowledge about the involvement of immunological processes in other contexts, such as stroke or traumatic brain injury, has been significantly expanded in recent years. MATERIAL AND METHODS This review article provides an overview of the role of the immune system and the resulting potential for novel treatment approaches. RESULTS The immune system plays a central role in fighting infections but is also able to react to the body's own signals under sterile conditions and cause inflammation and subsequent adaptive immune responses through the release of immune mediators and the recruitment and differentiation of certain immune cell types. This can be beneficial in initiating healing processes; however, chronic inflammatory conditions usually have destructive consequences for the tissue and the organism and must be interrupted. CONCLUSION It is now known that different cells of the immune system play an important role in neurological diseases. Regulatory mechanisms, which are mediated by regulatory T cells or Th2 cells, are usually associated with a good prognosis, whereas inflammatory processes and polarization towards Th1 or Th17 have a destructive character. Novel immunomodulators, which are also increasingly being used in cancer treatment, can now be used in a tissue-specific manner and therefore offer great potential for use in neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansjörg Schild
- Institut für Immunologie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - Tobias Bopp
- Institut für Immunologie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland.
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5
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Joosten SCM, Wiersinga WJ, Poll TVD. Dysregulation of Host-Pathogen Interactions in Sepsis: Host-Related Factors. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2024. [PMID: 38950605 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1787554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis stands as a prominent contributor to sickness and death on a global scale. The most current consensus definition characterizes sepsis as a life-threatening organ dysfunction stemming from an imbalanced host response to infection. This definition does not capture the intricate array of immune processes at play in sepsis, marked by simultaneous states of heightened inflammation and immune suppression. This overview delves into the immune-related processes of sepsis, elaborating about mechanisms involved in hyperinflammation and immune suppression. Moreover, we discuss stratification of patients with sepsis based on their immune profiles and how this could impact future sepsis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiaan C M Joosten
- Centre for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Willem J Wiersinga
- Centre for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Centre for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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6
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Mangiavacchi A, Morelli G, Reppe S, Saera-Vila A, Liu P, Eggerschwiler B, Zhang H, Bensaddek D, Casanova EA, Medina Gomez C, Prijatelj V, Della Valle F, Atinbayeva N, Izpisua Belmonte JC, Rivadeneira F, Cinelli P, Gautvik KM, Orlando V. LINE-1 RNA triggers matrix formation in bone cells via a PKR-mediated inflammatory response. EMBO J 2024:10.1038/s44318-024-00143-z. [PMID: 38951609 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00143-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile genetic modules of viral derivation that have been co-opted to become modulators of mammalian gene expression. TEs are a major source of endogenous dsRNAs, signaling molecules able to coordinate inflammatory responses in various physiological processes. Here, we provide evidence for a positive involvement of TEs in inflammation-driven bone repair and mineralization. In newly fractured mice bone, we observed an early transient upregulation of repeats occurring concurrently with the initiation of the inflammatory stage. In human bone biopsies, analysis revealed a significant correlation between repeats expression, mechanical stress and bone mineral density. We investigated a potential link between LINE-1 (L1) expression and bone mineralization by delivering a synthetic L1 RNA to osteoporotic patient-derived mesenchymal stem cells and observed a dsRNA-triggered protein kinase (PKR)-mediated stress response that led to strongly increased mineralization. This response was associated with a strong and transient inflammation, accompanied by a global translation attenuation induced by eIF2α phosphorylation. We demonstrated that L1 transfection reshaped the secretory profile of osteoblasts, triggering a paracrine activity that stimulated the mineralization of recipient cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Mangiavacchi
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological Environmental Science and Engineering Division, Thuwal, 23500-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Gabriele Morelli
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological Environmental Science and Engineering Division, Thuwal, 23500-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sjur Reppe
- Oslo University Hospital, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo, Norway
- Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Unger-Vetlesen Institute, Oslo, Norway
- Oslo University Hospital, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Peng Liu
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological Environmental Science and Engineering Division, Thuwal, 23500-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Benjamin Eggerschwiler
- Department of Trauma, University Hospital Zurich, Sternwartstrasse 14, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
- Life Science Zurich Graduate School, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Huoming Zhang
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23500-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalila Bensaddek
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23500-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Elisa A Casanova
- Sequentia Biotech, Carrer Comte D'Urgell 240, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | | | - Vid Prijatelj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Francesco Della Valle
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological Environmental Science and Engineering Division, Thuwal, 23500-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Altos Labs, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Nazerke Atinbayeva
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological Environmental Science and Engineering Division, Thuwal, 23500-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paolo Cinelli
- Sequentia Biotech, Carrer Comte D'Urgell 240, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
- Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Valerio Orlando
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological Environmental Science and Engineering Division, Thuwal, 23500-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Torabi E, Omidvari S, Azimzadeh Z, Darabi S, Keramatinia A, Asghari MA, Abbaszadeh HA, Rashnoo F. Exploring Photobiomodulation Therapy and Regenerative Medicine for Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Pathogenesis and Multidisciplinary Treatment Approach. J Lasers Med Sci 2024; 15:e18. [PMID: 39050998 PMCID: PMC11267415 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2024.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes is associated with several debilitating complications, including the development of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), which can have serious consequences. This study emphasizes a multidisciplinary approach, providing a thorough overview of DFU pathogenesis and available treatments. Methods: An extensive literature review, covering studies published between 2000 and 2023, was conducted to gather data on DFU pathophysiology and treatments, including wound dressings, photobiomodulation, off-loading devices, adjunct medicines, and stem cell therapy. Results: DFUs are complicated due to infection, ischemia, and neuropathy. Sufficient wound dressings maintain a moist environment, promoting autolytic debridement and facilitating the healing process. Through cellular mechanisms, photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) was observed to expedite the healing process. Additionally, off-loading devices were invented to reduce ulcer pressure and promote healing. Adjunct therapies such as negative pressure wound therapy and hyperbaric oxygen therapy were identified as valuable tools for enhancing healing outcomes. Furthermore, autologous and allogeneic stem cell treatments exhibited the potential for promoting tissue regeneration and expediting the healing process. Conclusion: The complex pathophysiology of DFUs necessitates a multimodal treatment approach. Essential components include PBM, wound dressings, off-loading devices, adjunct treatments, and stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Torabi
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samareh Omidvari
- Rayan Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Azimzadeh
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Darabi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Aliasghar Keramatinia
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Asghari
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hojjat Allah Abbaszadeh
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Rayan Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariborz Rashnoo
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Fan SY, Zhao ZC, Liu XL, Peng YG, Zhu HM, Yan SF, Liu YJ, Xie Q, Jiang Y, Zeng SZ. Metformin Mitigates Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury and Inflammation in Young Mice by Suppressing the S100A8/A9-NLRP3-IL-1β Signaling Pathway. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:3785-3799. [PMID: 38895139 PMCID: PMC11182881 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s460413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, the subsequent complications that accompany sepsis result in remarkable morbidity and mortality rates. The lung is among the vulnerable organs that incur the sepsis-linked inflammatory storm and frequently culminates into ARDS/ALI. The metformin-prescribed anti-diabetic drug has been revealed with anti-inflammatory effects in sepsis, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to ascertain metformin's effects and functions in a young mouse model of sepsis-induced ALI. Methods Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham, sham+ Met, CLP, and CLP+ Met. CLP was established as the sepsis-induced ALI model accompanied by intraperitoneal metformin treatment. At day 7, the survival state of mice was noted, including survival rate, weight, and M-CASS. Lung histological pathology and injury scores were determined by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The pulmonary coefficient was used to evaluate pulmonary edema. Furthermore, IL-1β, CCL3, CXCL11, S100A8, S100A9 and NLRP3 expression in tissues collected from lungs were determined by qPCR, IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α by ELISA, caspase-1, ASC, NLRP3, P65, p-P65, GSDMD-F, GSDMD-N, IL-1β and S100A8/A9 by Western blot. Results The data affirmed that metformin enhanced the survival rate, lessened lung tissue injury, and diminished the expression of inflammatory factors in young mice with sepsis induced by CLP. In contrast to sham mice, the CLP mice were affirmed to manifest ALI-linked pathologies following CLP-induced sepsis. The expressions of pro-inflammatory factors, for instance, IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α, CXCL11, S100A8, and S100A9 are markedly enhanced by CLP, while metformin abolished this adverse effect. Western blot analyses indicated that metformin inhibited the sepsis-induced activation of GSDMD and the upregulation of S100A8/A9, NLRP3, and ASC. Conclusion Metformin could improve the survival rate, lessen lung tissue injury, and minimize the expression of inflammatory factors in young mice with sepsis induced by CLP. Metformin reduced sepsis-induced ALI via inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway and inhibiting pyroptosis by the S100A8/A9-NLRP3-IL-1β pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yuan Fan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital), Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zi-Chi Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital), Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing-Lv Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital), Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Gang Peng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital), Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui-Min Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital), Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Fan Yan
- Department of Emergency, Institute of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Juan Liu
- Department of Emergency, Institute of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Xie
- Department of Emergency, Institute of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Emergency, Institute of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sai-Zhen Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University (Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital), Changsha, Hunan, 410005, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Eichinger M, Rief M, Eichlseder M, Pichler A, Zoidl P, Hallmann B, Zajic P. Hyperkalaemia in bleeding trauma patients: A potential marker of disease severity - A retrospective cohort study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30037. [PMID: 38765110 PMCID: PMC11101751 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperkalaemia is a common electrolyte abnormality seen in critically ill patients. In haemorrhagic shock, it may contribute to cardiac arrest and has been identified as a potential marker for tissue hypoxia. However, the significance of its role in haemorrhagic shock and its contribution to mortality remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the potential underlying pathophysiology and evaluate the incidence and characteristics of patients with hyperkalaemia on hospital arrival in bleeding trauma patients before transfusions and its mortality. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on adult patients with traumatic bleeding admitted to a European Major Trauma Centre between January 2016 and December 2021. Patients were classified according to their serum potassium levels on arrival, and relevant clinical parameters between non-hyperkalaemic and hyperkalaemic patients were compared. Results Among the 83 patients in this study, 8 (9.6 %) presented with hyperkalaemia on arrival. The median shock index showed a higher tendency in the hyperkalaemic group. Hyperkalaemia was found to be more common among younger patients who sustained penetrating trauma. Mortality rates were higher in the hyperkalaemic group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion Our results suggest that hyperkalaemia occurs frequently in bleeding trauma patients on hospital arrival pre-transfusions, indicating a more severe illness. Our findings provide insights into the pathophysiology and characteristics of hyperkalaemia in bleeding trauma patients. Further studies are required to investigate the mechanisms by which hyperkalaemia contributes to mortality in haemorrhagic shock patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Eichinger
- Division of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine 1, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Rief
- Division of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine 1, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Eichlseder
- Division of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine 1, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alexander Pichler
- Division of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine 1, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Philipp Zoidl
- Division of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine 1, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Hallmann
- Division of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine 1, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Paul Zajic
- Division of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine 1, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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10
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Polverino F, Sin DD. Type 2 airway inflammation in COPD. Eur Respir J 2024; 63:2400150. [PMID: 38485148 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00150-2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Globally, nearly 400 million persons have COPD, and COPD is one of the leading causes of hospitalisation and mortality across the world. While it has been long-recognised that COPD is an inflammatory lung disease, dissimilar to asthma, type 2 inflammation was thought to play a minor role. However, recent studies suggest that in approximately one third of patients with COPD, type 2 inflammation may be an important driver of disease and a potential therapeutic target. Importantly, the immune cells and molecules involved in COPD-related type 2 immunity may be significantly different from those observed in severe asthma. Here, we identify the important molecules and effector immune cells involved in type 2 airway inflammation in COPD, discuss the recent therapeutic trial results of biologicals that have targeted these pathways and explore the future of therapeutic development of type 2 immune modulators in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Polverino
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Don D Sin
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital and University of British Columbia Division of Respiratory Medicine, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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11
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Yang Z, Zhou J, Su N, Zhang Z, Chen J, Liu P, Ling P. Insights into the defensive roles of lncRNAs during Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1330660. [PMID: 38585701 PMCID: PMC10995346 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1330660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes respiratory tract infections, affecting both children and adults, with varying degrees of severity ranging from mild to life-threatening. In recent years, a new class of regulatory RNAs called long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been discovered to play crucial roles in regulating gene expression in the host. Research on lncRNAs has greatly expanded our understanding of cellular functions involving RNAs, and it has significantly increased the range of functions of lncRNAs. In lung cancer, transcripts associated with lncRNAs have been identified as regulators of airway and lung inflammation in a process involving protein complexes. An excessive immune response and antibacterial immunity are closely linked to the pathogenesis of M. pneumoniae. The relationship between lncRNAs and M. pneumoniae infection largely involves lncRNAs that participate in antibacterial immunity. This comprehensive review aimed to examine the dysregulation of lncRNAs during M. pneumoniae infection, highlighting the latest advancements in our understanding of the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs in the context of M. pneumoniae infection and indicating avenues for investigating lncRNAs-related therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhujun Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang City and Affiliated Shaoyang Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Shaoyang, China
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medical School, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang, China
| | - Junjun Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang City and Affiliated Shaoyang Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Shaoyang, China
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medical School, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang, China
| | - Nana Su
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang City and Affiliated Shaoyang Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Shaoyang, China
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medical School, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang, China
| | - Zifan Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang City and Affiliated Shaoyang Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Shaoyang, China
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medical School, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang, China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang City and Affiliated Shaoyang Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Shaoyang, China
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medical School, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang City and Affiliated Shaoyang Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Shaoyang, China
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Basic Medical School, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hengyang, China
| | - Peng Ling
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Central Hospital of Shaoyang City and Affiliated Shaoyang Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Shaoyang, China
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12
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You W, An Q, Guo D, Huang Z, Guo L, Chen Z, Xu H, Wang G, Weng Y, Ma Z, Chen X, Hong F, Zhao R. Exploration of risk analysis and elimination methods for a Cr(VI)-removal recombinant strain through a biosafety assessment in mice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168743. [PMID: 38007124 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Though recombinant strains are increasingly recognized for their potential in heavy metal remediation, few studies have evaluated their safety. Moreover, biosafety assessments of fecal-oral pathway exposure at country as well as global level have seldom analyzed the health risks of exposure to microorganisms from a microscopic perspective. The present study aimed to predict the long-term toxic effects of recombinant strains by conducting a subacute toxicity test on the chromium-removal recombinant strain 3458 and analyzing the gut microbiome. The available disinfection methods were also evaluated. The results showed that strain 3458 induced liver damage and affected renal function and lipid metabolism at 1.0 × 1011 CFU/mL, which may be induced by its carrier strain, pET-28a. Strain 3458 poses the risk of increasing the number of pathogenic bacteria under prolonged exposure. When 500 mg L-1 chlorine-containing disinfectant or 250 mg L-1 chlorine dioxide disinfectant was added for 30 min, the sterilization rate exceeded 99.9 %. These findings suggest that existing wastewater disinfection methods can effectively sterilize strain 3458, ensuring its application value. The present study can serve a reference for the biosafety evaluation of the recombinant strain through exposure to the digestive tract and its feasibility for application in environmental pollution remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting You
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, No. 4221-117 South Xiang'an Road, Xiang'an District, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuying An
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, No. 4221-117 South Xiang'an Road, Xiang'an District, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongbei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, No. 4221-117 South Xiang'an Road, Xiang'an District, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zebo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, No. 4221-117 South Xiang'an Road, Xiang'an District, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, No. 4221-117 South Xiang'an Road, Xiang'an District, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zigui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, No. 4221-117 South Xiang'an Road, Xiang'an District, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, No. 4221-117 South Xiang'an Road, Xiang'an District, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangshun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, No. 4221-117 South Xiang'an Road, Xiang'an District, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yeting Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, No. 4221-117 South Xiang'an Road, Xiang'an District, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangye Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, No. 4221-117 South Xiang'an Road, Xiang'an District, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, No. 4221-117 South Xiang'an Road, Xiang'an District, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Hong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, No. 4221-117 South Xiang'an Road, Xiang'an District, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Hadzialjevic B, Omerzel M, Trotovsek B, Cemazar M, Jesenko T, Sersa G, Djokic M. Electrochemotherapy combined with immunotherapy - a promising potential in the treatment of cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1336866. [PMID: 38292489 PMCID: PMC10825954 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1336866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrochemotherapy is a novel, locoregional therapy that is used to treat cutaneous and deep-seated tumors. The electric pulses used in electrochemotherapy increase the permeability of the cell membranes of the target lesion and thus enhance the delivery of low-permeant cytotoxic drugs to the cells, leading to their death. It has also been postulated that electrochemotherapy acts as an in situ vaccination by inducing immunogenic cell death. This in turn leads to an enhanced systemic antitumor response, which could be further exploited by immunotherapy. However, only a few clinical studies have investigated the role of combined treatment in patients with melanoma, breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. In this review, we therefore aim to review the published preclinical evidence on combined treatment and to review clinical studies that have investigated the combined role of electrochemotherapy and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Hadzialjevic
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Masa Omerzel
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Blaz Trotovsek
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Cemazar
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia
| | - Tanja Jesenko
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Sersa
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mihajlo Djokic
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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14
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Tsoporis JN, Triantafyllis AS, Kalogeropoulos AS, Izhar S, Rigopoulos AG, Rallidis LS, Sakadakis E, Toumpoulis IK, Salpeas V, Leong-Poi H, Parker TG, Rizos I. Differential Expression of Circulating Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns in Patients with Coronary Artery Ectasia. Biomolecules 2023; 14:10. [PMID: 38275751 PMCID: PMC10813324 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is defined as abnormal dilation of a coronary artery with a diameter exceeding that of adjacent normal arterial segment by >1.5 times. CAE is a pathological entity of the coronary arteries and characterized as a variant of coronary atherosclerosis. CAE frequently coexists with coronary artery disease (CAD). While inflammation appears to be involved, the pathophysiology of CAE remains unclear. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), defined as endogenous molecules released from stressed or damaged tissue, are deemed as alarm signals by the innate immune system. Inflammatory agents can generate DAMPs and DAMPs can create a pro-inflammatory state. In a prospective cross-sectional study, we enrolled 29 patients with CAE and non-obstructive CAD, 19 patients with obstructive CAD without CAE, and 14 control subjects with normal (control) coronary arteries age- and sex-matched with the CAE patients, to investigate the differential expression of plasma DAMPs. Patients with CAE and non-obstructive CAD had increased plasma levels of the DAMPs S100B, S100A12, HMGB1, and HSP70, the DAMPs receptor TLR4, and miR328a-3p compared to CAD and controls. Plasma levels of the mir328a-3p target the protective soluble form of the DAMPs receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), and the antioxidant DJ-1 was decreased in both CAE and CAD compared to controls. In an in vitro human umbilical vein endothelial cells model, circulating levels of S100B, HMGB1, HSP70 as well as CAE patient plasma induced inflammatory responses. The differential expression of the DAMPs S100B, HSP70, HMGB1, and their receptors TLR4 and sRAGE in CAE versus CAD makes them attractive novel biomarkers as therapeutic targets and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N. Tsoporis
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, 30 Bond St., Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (S.I.); (H.L.-P.); (T.G.P.)
| | - Andreas S. Triantafyllis
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (A.S.T.); (A.S.K.); (A.G.R.); (L.S.R.); (E.S.); (I.K.T.); (V.S.); (I.R.)
- Askepeion General Hospital, 16673 Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas S. Kalogeropoulos
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (A.S.T.); (A.S.K.); (A.G.R.); (L.S.R.); (E.S.); (I.K.T.); (V.S.); (I.R.)
- Hygeia HealthCare Group, Department of Cardiology, Mitera General Hospital, 15123 Athens, Greece
| | - Shehla Izhar
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, 30 Bond St., Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (S.I.); (H.L.-P.); (T.G.P.)
| | - Angelos G. Rigopoulos
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (A.S.T.); (A.S.K.); (A.G.R.); (L.S.R.); (E.S.); (I.K.T.); (V.S.); (I.R.)
| | - Loukianos S. Rallidis
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (A.S.T.); (A.S.K.); (A.G.R.); (L.S.R.); (E.S.); (I.K.T.); (V.S.); (I.R.)
| | - Eleftherios Sakadakis
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (A.S.T.); (A.S.K.); (A.G.R.); (L.S.R.); (E.S.); (I.K.T.); (V.S.); (I.R.)
| | - Ioannis K. Toumpoulis
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (A.S.T.); (A.S.K.); (A.G.R.); (L.S.R.); (E.S.); (I.K.T.); (V.S.); (I.R.)
| | - Vasileios Salpeas
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (A.S.T.); (A.S.K.); (A.G.R.); (L.S.R.); (E.S.); (I.K.T.); (V.S.); (I.R.)
| | - Howard Leong-Poi
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, 30 Bond St., Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (S.I.); (H.L.-P.); (T.G.P.)
| | - Thomas G. Parker
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, University of Toronto, 30 Bond St., Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (S.I.); (H.L.-P.); (T.G.P.)
| | - Ioannis Rizos
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (A.S.T.); (A.S.K.); (A.G.R.); (L.S.R.); (E.S.); (I.K.T.); (V.S.); (I.R.)
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15
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Shafqat A, Khan JA, Alkachem AY, Sabur H, Alkattan K, Yaqinuddin A, Sing GK. How Neutrophils Shape the Immune Response: Reassessing Their Multifaceted Role in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17583. [PMID: 38139412 PMCID: PMC10744338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant of the circulating immune cells and are the first to be recruited to sites of inflammation. Neutrophils are a heterogeneous group of immune cells from which are derived extracellular traps (NETs), reactive oxygen species, cytokines, chemokines, immunomodulatory factors, and alarmins that regulate the recruitment and phenotypes of neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, and B cells. In addition, cytokine-stimulated neutrophils can express class II major histocompatibility complex and the internal machinery necessary for successful antigen presentation to memory CD4+ T cells. This may be relevant in the context of vaccine memory. Neutrophils thus emerge as orchestrators of immune responses that play a key role in determining the outcome of infections, vaccine efficacy, and chronic diseases like autoimmunity and cancer. This review aims to provide a synthesis of current evidence as regards the role of these functions of neutrophils in homeostasis and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areez Shafqat
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia (K.A.); (A.Y.); (G.K.S.)
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16
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Wang Q, Long G, Luo H, Zhu X, Han Y, Shang Y, Zhang D, Gong R. S100A8/A9: An emerging player in sepsis and sepsis-induced organ injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115674. [PMID: 37812889 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, the foremost contributor to mortality in intensive care unit patients, arises from an uncontrolled systemic response to invading infections, resulting in extensive harm across multiple organs and systems. Recently, S100A8/A9 has emerged as a promising biomarker for sepsis and sepsis-induced organ injury, and targeting S100A8/A9 appeared to ameliorate inflammation-induced tissue damage and improve adverse outcomes. S100A8/A9, a calcium-binding heterodimer mainly found in neutrophils and monocytes, serves as a causative molecule with pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties, which are vital in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Therefore, improving our comprehension of how S100A8/A9 acts as a pathological player in the development of sepsis is imperative for advancing research on sepsis. Our review is the first-to the best of our knowledge-to discuss the biology of S100A8/A9 and its release mechanisms, summarize recent advances concerning the vital roles of S100A8/A9 in sepsis and the consequential organ damage, and underscore its potential as a promising diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Gangyu Long
- Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Hong Luo
- Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Xiqun Zhu
- Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yang Han
- Center for Translational Medicine, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - You Shang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Dingyu Zhang
- Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430023, China; Hubei Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Wuhan 430023, China; Wuhan Research Center for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430023, China; Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology and Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Rui Gong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China.
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17
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Li R, Chen B, Kubota A, Hanna A, Humeres C, Hernandez SC, Liu Y, Ma R, Tuleta I, Huang S, Venugopal H, Zhu F, Su K, Li J, Zhang J, Zheng D, Frangogiannis NG. Protective effects of macrophage-specific integrin α5 in myocardial infarction are associated with accentuated angiogenesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7555. [PMID: 37985764 PMCID: PMC10662477 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43369-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages sense changes in the extracellular matrix environment through the integrins and play a central role in regulation of the reparative response after myocardial infarction. Here we show that macrophage integrin α5 protects the infarcted heart from adverse remodeling and that the protective actions are associated with acquisition of an angiogenic macrophage phenotype. We demonstrate that myeloid cell- and macrophage-specific integrin α5 knockout mice have accentuated adverse post-infarction remodeling, accompanied by reduced angiogenesis in the infarct and border zone. Single cell RNA-sequencing identifies an angiogenic infarct macrophage population with high Itga5 expression. The angiogenic effects of integrin α5 in macrophages involve upregulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A. RNA-sequencing of the macrophage transcriptome in vivo and in vitro followed by bioinformatic analysis identifies several intracellular kinases as potential downstream targets of integrin α5. Neutralization assays demonstrate that the angiogenic actions of integrin α5-stimulated macrophages involve activation of Focal Adhesion Kinase and Phosphoinositide 3 Kinase cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoshui Li
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Bijun Chen
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Akihiko Kubota
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Anis Hanna
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Claudio Humeres
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Silvia C Hernandez
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Richard Ma
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Izabela Tuleta
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Shuaibo Huang
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Harikrishnan Venugopal
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Fenglan Zhu
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Kai Su
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jun Li
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jinghang Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Deyou Zheng
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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18
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Lasota A, Wasilewska A, Rybi-Szumińska A. Current Status of Protein Biomarkers in Urolithiasis-A Review of the Recent Literature. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7135. [PMID: 38002747 PMCID: PMC10671847 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12227135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Urolithiasis is an increasingly common clinical problem worldwide. The formation of stones is a combination of metabolic status, environmental factors, family history and many other aspects. It is important to find new ways to quickly detect and assess urolithiasis because it causes sudden, severe pain and often comes back. One way to do this is by exploring new biomarkers. Current advances in proteomic studies provide a great opportunity for breakthroughs in this field. This study focuses on protein biomarkers and their connection to kidney damage and inflammation during urolithiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Lasota
- Department of Pediatrics and Nephrology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 17, 15-297 Bialystok, Poland; (A.W.); (A.R.-S.)
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19
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O'Grady SM, Kita H. ATP functions as a primary alarmin in allergen-induced type 2 immunity. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C1369-C1386. [PMID: 37842751 PMCID: PMC10861152 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00370.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Environmental allergens that interact with the airway epithelium can activate cellular stress pathways that lead to the release of danger signals known as alarmins. The mechanisms of alarmin release are distinct from damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which typically escape from cells after loss of plasma membrane integrity. Oxidative stress represents a form of allergen-induced cellular stress that stimulates oxidant-sensing mechanisms coupled to pathways, which facilitate alarmin mobilization and efflux across the plasma membrane. In this review, we highlight examples of alarmin release and discuss their roles in the initiation of type 2 immunity and allergic airway inflammation. In addition, we discuss the concept of alarmin amplification, where "primary" alarmins, which are directly released in response to a specific cellular stress, stimulate additional signaling pathways that lead to secretion of "secondary" alarmins that include proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-33, as well as genomic and mitochondrial DNA that coordinate or amplify type 2 immunity. Accordingly, allergen-evoked cellular stress can elicit a hierarchy of alarmin signaling responses from the airway epithelium that trigger local innate immune reactions, impact adaptive immunity, and exacerbate diseases including asthma and other chronic inflammatory conditions that affect airway function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M O'Grady
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Hirohito Kita
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States
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20
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Mellett L, Amarasinghe G, Farnsworth CW, Khader SA. Elevated Level of Circulating but Not Urine S100A8/A9 Identifies Poor COVID-19 Outcomes. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:1815-1820. [PMID: 37787461 PMCID: PMC10580308 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
The alarmin calprotectin (S100A8/A9) is thought to drive a cytokine storm, a hallmark of severe COVID-19. Recent studies report circulating S100A8/A9 levels can distinguish COVID-19 severity but have only been conducted in non-U.S. cohorts and mainly focus on serum S100A8/A9 levels. Thus, we quantified S100A8/A9 in serum and urine samples from a hospital cohort in St. Louis, Missouri, to expand the understanding of S100A8/A9 as a prognostic biomarker for COVID-19. Elevated S100A8/A9 serum levels were observed in ICU patients (n = 49, p = 0.0370) and patients with fatal cases of COVID-19 (n = 76, p = 0.0018). We observed no correlation in the S100A8/A9 levels in matched serum and urine samples. Our results support the association of serum S100A8/A9 levels with COVID-19 severity and suggest that further investigation of urine S100A8/A9 as a COVID-19 biomarker is not warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Mellett
- Department
of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University
in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, United States
- Department
of Pathology and Immunology, Washington
University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, United States
| | - Gaya Amarasinghe
- Department
of Pathology and Immunology, Washington
University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, United States
| | - Christopher W. Farnsworth
- Department
of Pathology and Immunology, Washington
University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, United States
| | - Shabaana A. Khader
- Department
of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University
in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63108, United States
- Department
of Microbiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
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21
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Condrat CE, Cretoiu D, Radoi VE, Mihele DM, Tovaru M, Bordea CI, Voinea SC, Suciu N. Unraveling Immunological Dynamics: HPV Infection in Women-Insights from Pregnancy. Viruses 2023; 15:2011. [PMID: 37896788 PMCID: PMC10611104 DOI: 10.3390/v15102011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
During pregnancy, hormonal and immune adaptations are vital for supporting the genetically distinct fetus during elevated infection risks. The global prevalence of HPV necessitates its consideration during pregnancy. Despite a seemingly mild immune response, historical gestational viral infections underscore its significance. Acknowledging the established HPV infection risks during pregnancy, our review explores the unfolding immunological changes in pregnant women with HPV. Our analysis aims to uncover strategies for safely modulating the immune system, mitigating adverse pregnancy consequences, and enhancing maternal and child health. This comprehensive narrative review delves into the existing knowledge and studies on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Elena Condrat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Polizu Clinical Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.E.C.)
| | - Dragos Cretoiu
- Department of Genetics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.C.); (V.E.R.)
- Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, 020395 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Viorica Elena Radoi
- Department of Genetics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (D.C.); (V.E.R.)
- Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, 020395 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dana Mihaela Mihele
- Department of Dermatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Dermatology Department, Victor Babes Clinical Hospital of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Tovaru
- Department of Dermatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Dermatology Department, Victor Babes Clinical Hospital of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Ioan Bordea
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu Oncology Institute, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 252 Fundeni Rd., 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Silviu Cristian Voinea
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu Oncology Institute, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 252 Fundeni Rd., 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nicolae Suciu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Polizu Clinical Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd., 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.E.C.)
- Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, 020395 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Polizu Clinical Hospital, Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, 020395 Bucharest, Romania
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22
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Marquez-Ortiz RA, Tesic V, Hernandez DR, Akhter B, Aich N, Boudreaux PM, Clemons GA, Wu CYC, Lin HW, Rodgers KM. Neuroimmune Support of Neuronal Regeneration and Neuroplasticity following Cerebral Ischemia in Juvenile Mice. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1337. [PMID: 37759938 PMCID: PMC10526826 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13091337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic damage to the brain and loss of neurons contribute to functional disabilities in many stroke survivors. Recovery of neuroplasticity is critical to restoration of function and improved quality of life. Stroke and neurological deficits occur in both adults and children, and yet it is well documented that the developing brain has remarkable plasticity which promotes increased post-ischemic functional recovery compared with adults. However, the mechanisms underlying post-stroke recovery in the young brain have not been fully explored. We observed opposing responses to experimental cerebral ischemia in juvenile and adult mice, with substantial neural regeneration and enhanced neuroplasticity detected in the juvenile brain that was not found in adults. We demonstrate strikingly different stroke-induced neuroimmune responses that are deleterious in adults and protective in juveniles, supporting neural regeneration and plasticity. Understanding age-related differences in neuronal repair and regeneration, restoration of neural network function, and neuroimmune signaling in the stroke-injured brain may offer new insights for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for stroke rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricaurte A. Marquez-Ortiz
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 70803, USA (B.A.)
| | - Vesna Tesic
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 70803, USA
| | - Daniel R. Hernandez
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 70803, USA (B.A.)
| | - Bilkis Akhter
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 70803, USA (B.A.)
| | - Nibedita Aich
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 70803, USA (B.A.)
| | - Porter M. Boudreaux
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 70803, USA (B.A.)
| | - Garrett A. Clemons
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 70803, USA (B.A.)
| | - Celeste Yin-Chieh Wu
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 70803, USA
| | - Hung Wen Lin
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 70803, USA (B.A.)
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 70803, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 70803, USA
| | - Krista M. Rodgers
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 70803, USA (B.A.)
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University, Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 70803, USA
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23
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Liesveld J, Galipeau J. In Vitro Insights Into the Influence of Marrow Mesodermal/Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells on Acute Myelogenous Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Stem Cells 2023; 41:823-836. [PMID: 37348128 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
The study of marrow-resident mesodermal progenitors can provide important insight into their role in influencing normal and aberrant hematopoiesis as occurs in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). In addition, the chemokine competency of these cells provides links to the inflammatory milieu of the marrow microenvironment with additional implications for normal and malignant hematopoiesis. While in vivo studies have elucidated the structure and function of the marrow niche in murine genetic models, corollary human studies have not been feasible, and thus the use of culture-adapted mesodermal cells has provided insights into the role these rare endogenous niche cells play in physiologic, malignant, and inflammatory states. This review focuses on culture-adapted human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) as they have been utilized in understanding their influence in AML and MDS as well as on their chemokine-mediated responses to myeloid malignancies, injury, and inflammation. Such studies have intrinsic limitations but have provided mechanistic insights and clues regarding novel druggable targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Liesveld
- Department of Medicine, James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jaques Galipeau
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin in Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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24
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Fu X, Liu Z, Wang Y. Advances in the Study of Immunosuppressive Mechanisms in Sepsis. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:3967-3981. [PMID: 37706064 PMCID: PMC10497210 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s426007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening disease caused by a systemic infection that triggers a dysregulated immune response. Sepsis is an important cause of death in intensive care units (ICUs), poses a major threat to human health, and is a common cause of death in ICUs worldwide. The pathogenesis of sepsis is intricate and involves a complex interplay of pro- and anti-inflammatory mechanisms that can lead to excessive inflammation, immunosuppression, and potentially long-term immune disorders. Recent evidence highlights the importance of immunosuppression in sepsis. Immunosuppression is recognized as a predisposing factor for increased susceptibility to secondary infections and mortality in patients. Immunosuppression due to sepsis increases a patient's chance of re-infection and increases organ load. In addition, antibiotics, fluid resuscitation, and organ support therapy have limited impact on the prognosis of septic patients. Therapeutic approaches by suppressing excessive inflammation have not achieved the desired results in clinical trials. Research into immunosuppression has brought new hope for the treatment of sepsis, and a number of therapeutic approaches have demonstrated the potential of immunostimulatory therapies. In this article, we will focus on the mechanisms of immunosuppression and markers of immune monitoring in sepsis and describe various targets for immunostimulatory therapy in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuzhe Fu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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25
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Shipra, Tembhre MK, Hote MP, Bhari N, Lakshmy R, Kumaran SS. PGC-1α Agonist Rescues Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiomyopathy by Mitigating the Oxidative Stress and Necroptosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1720. [PMID: 37760023 PMCID: PMC10525725 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy (particularly dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM)) significantly contributes to development and progression of heart failure (HF), and inflammatory factors further deteriorate the symptoms. Morphological and functional defects of the heart in doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiomyopathy (cardiotoxicity) are similar to those of DCM. We used anagonist of PGC-1α (PPAR (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma)-γ coactivator-1α) that is considered as the 'master regulator' of mitochondrial biogenesis with an aim to rescue the DOX-induced deleterious effects on the heart. Forty male C57BL/6J mice (8 weeks old) were divided in four groups, Control, DOX, ZLN005, and ZLN005 + DOX (n = 10 each group). The DOX-induced (10 mg/kg, single dose) cardiomyopathy mimics a DCM-like phenotype with marked morphologic alteration in cardiac tissue and functional derangements. Significant increased staining was observed for Masson Trichrome/Picrosirius red and α-Smooth Muscle Actinin (α-SMA) that indicated enhanced fibrosis in the DOX group compared to the control that was attenuated by (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) coactivator) (PGC)-1α (alpha) agonist (four doses of 2.5 mg/kg/dose; cumulative dose = 10 mg/kg). Similarly, elevated expression of necroptosis markers along with enhanced oxidative stress in the DOX group were alleviated by PGC-1α agonist. These data collectively suggested the potent therapeutic efficacy of PGC-1α agonist in mitigating the deleterious effects of DOX-induced cardiomyopathy, and it may be targeted in developing the future therapeutics for the management of DCM/HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipra
- Department of Cardiac Biochemistry, AIIMS, New Delhi 110029, India; (S.)
| | | | | | - Neetu Bhari
- Dermatology & Venereology, AIIMS, New Delhi 110029, India
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26
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Arai K, Kubota A, Iwasaki T, Sonoda A, Sakane J. S100A8 and S100A9 are associated with endometrial shedding during menstruation. Med Mol Morphol 2023; 56:194-205. [PMID: 37085626 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-023-00355-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their major source, endometrial stromal cells (ESCs), play important roles in menstruation. However, other mechanisms in endometrial shedding may be unexplored. This study focused on four proteins: S100A8 and S100A9 (alarmins) are binding partners and induce MMPs, MMP-3 cycle-dependently plays a key role in the proteolytic cascade, and CD147, which has S100A9 as its ligand, induces MMPs. Immunostaining for these proteins was performed on 118 resected specimens. The percentage and location of each positive reaction in ESCs were measured and compared using Image J. The influence of leukocytes on S100A8 or S100A9 immunopositivity was also examined. From the premenstrual phase, S100A8 and MMP-3 began to have overlapping expressions in ESCs of the superficial layer, and ESC detachment was found within these sites. S100A9 was expressed from the late secretory phase and CD147 already from earlier. Later, the expression sites of S100A9 and CD147 included those of S100A8. Before menstruation, S100A8 or S100A9 expression was not affected by leukocytes. These results suggest that the local formation of S100A8/S100A9 complex, which occurs specifically in ESCs upon progesterone withdrawal, induces the local expression of MMP-3 and serves as a switch to the lysis phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumori Arai
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka, 420-0881, Japan.
| | - Aki Kubota
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka, 420-0881, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Iwasaki
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka, 420-0881, Japan
| | - Akihiro Sonoda
- Department of Clinical Research, Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka, 420-0881, Japan
| | - Junichi Sakane
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka General Hospital, 4-27-1 Kitaando, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka, 420-0881, Japan
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27
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Liang H, Li J, Zhang K. Pathogenic role of S100 proteins in psoriasis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1191645. [PMID: 37346040 PMCID: PMC10279876 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1191645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. The histopathological features of psoriasis include excessive proliferation of keratinocytes and infiltration of immune cells. The S100 proteins are a group of EF-hand Ca2+-binding proteins, including S100A2, -A7, -A8/A9, -A12, -A15, which expression levels are markedly upregulated in psoriatic skin. These proteins exert numerous functions such as serving as intracellular Ca2+ sensors, transduction of Ca2+ signaling, response to extracellular stimuli, energy metabolism, and regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis. Evidence shows a crucial role of S100 proteins in the development and progress of inflammatory diseases, including psoriasis. S100 proteins can possibly be used as potential therapeutic target and diagnostic biomarkers. This review focuses on the pathogenic role of S100 proteins in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Liang
- ShanXi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, Taiyuan, China
- State Key Breeding Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Junqin Li
- ShanXi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, Taiyuan, China
- State Key Breeding Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Kaiming Zhang
- ShanXi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, Taiyuan, China
- State Key Breeding Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, Taiyuan, China
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28
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Bolesławska I, Kowalówka M, Bolesławska-Król N, Przysławski J. Ketogenic Diet and Ketone Bodies as Clinical Support for the Treatment of SARS-CoV-2-Review of the Evidence. Viruses 2023; 15:1262. [PMID: 37376562 PMCID: PMC10326824 DOI: 10.3390/v15061262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the proposed nutritional therapies to support drug therapy in COVID-19 is the use of a ketogenic diet (KD) or ketone bodies. In this review, we summarized the evidence from tissue, animal, and human models and looked at the mechanisms of action of KD/ketone bodies against COVID-19. KD/ketone bodies were shown to be effective at the stage of virus entry into the host cell. The use of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), by preventing the metabolic reprogramming associated with COVID-19 infection and improving mitochondrial function, reduced glycolysis in CD4+ lymphocytes and improved respiratory chain function, and could provide an alternative carbon source for oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Through multiple mechanisms, the use of KD/ketone bodies supported the host immune response. In animal models, KD resulted in protection against weight loss and hypoxemia, faster recovery, reduced lung injury, and resulted in better survival of young mice. In humans, KD increased survival, reduced the need for hospitalization for COVID-19, and showed a protective role against metabolic abnormalities after COVID-19. It appears that the use of KD and ketone bodies may be considered as a clinical nutritional intervention to assist in the treatment of COVID-19, despite the fact that numerous studies indicate that SARS-CoV-2 infection alone may induce ketoacidosis. However, the use of such an intervention requires strong scientific validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Bolesławska
- Department of Bromatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (M.K.); (J.P.)
| | - Magdalena Kowalówka
- Department of Bromatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (M.K.); (J.P.)
| | - Natasza Bolesławska-Król
- Student Society of Radiotherapy, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Gora, Zyta 28, 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland;
| | - Juliusz Przysławski
- Department of Bromatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (M.K.); (J.P.)
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29
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Shabatina TI, Vernaya OI, Shimanovskiy NL, Melnikov MY. Metal and Metal Oxides Nanoparticles and Nanosystems in Anticancer and Antiviral Theragnostic Agents. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041181. [PMID: 37111666 PMCID: PMC10141702 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of antiviral treatment and anticancer theragnostic agents in recent decades has been associated with nanotechnologies, and primarily with inorganic nanoparticles (INPs) of metal and metal oxides. The large specific surface area and its high activity make it easy to functionalize INPs with various coatings (to increase their stability and reduce toxicity), specific agents (allowing retention of INPs in the affected organ or tissue), and drug molecules (for antitumor and antiviral therapy). The ability of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) of iron oxides and ferrites to enhance proton relaxation in specific tissues and serve as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents is one of the most promising applications of nanomedicine. Activation of MNPs during hyperthermia by an external alternating magnetic field is a promising method for targeted cancer therapy. As therapeutic tools, INPs are promising carriers for targeted delivery of pharmaceuticals (either anticancer or antiviral) via magnetic drug targeting (in case of MNPs), passive or active (by attaching high affinity ligands) targeting. The plasmonic properties of Au nanoparticles (NPs) and their application for plasmonic photothermal and photodynamic therapies have been extensively explored recently in tumor treatment. The Ag NPs alone and in combination with antiviral medicines reveal new possibilities in antiviral therapy. The prospects and possibilities of INPs in relation to magnetic hyperthermia, plasmonic photothermal and photodynamic therapies, magnetic resonance imaging, targeted delivery in the framework of antitumor theragnostic and antiviral therapy are presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana I Shabatina
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gori Build. 1/3, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Faculty of Fundamental Sciences, N.E. Bauman Moscow Technical University, Moscow 105005, Russia
| | - Olga I Vernaya
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gori Build. 1/3, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Faculty of Fundamental Sciences, N.E. Bauman Moscow Technical University, Moscow 105005, Russia
| | - Nikolay L Shimanovskiy
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Radiobiology, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Mikhail Ya Melnikov
- Department of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gori Build. 1/3, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Sun Y, Nascimento Da Conceicao V, Chauhan A, Sukumaran P, Chauhan P, Ambrus JL, Vissink A, Kroese FGM, Muniswamy M, Mishra BB, Singh BB. Targeting alarmin release reverses Sjogren's syndrome phenotype by revitalizing Ca 2+ signalling. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1228. [PMID: 37006181 PMCID: PMC10068318 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease that is embodied by the loss of salivary gland function and immune cell infiltration, but the mechanism(s) are still unknown. The aim of this study was to understand the mechanisms and identify key factors that leads to the development and progression of pSS. METHODS Immunohistochemistry staining, FACS analysis and cytokine levels were used to detect immune cells infiltration and activation in salivary glands. RNA sequencing was performed to identify the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of pSS. The function assays include in vivo saliva collection along with calcium imaging and electrophysiology on isolated salivary gland cells in mice models of pSS. Western blotting, real-time PCR, alarmin release, and immunohistochemistry was performed to identify the channels involved in salivary function in pSS. RESULTS We provide evidence that loss of Ca2+ signaling precedes a decrease in saliva secretion and/or immune cell infiltration in IL14α, a mouse model for pSS. We also showed that Ca2+ homeostasis was mediated by transient receptor potential canonical-1 (TRPC1) channels and inhibition of TRPC1, resulting in the loss of salivary acinar cells, which promoted alarmin release essential for immune cell infiltration/release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, both IL14α and samples from human pSS patients showed a decrease in TRPC1 expression and increased acinar cell death. Finally, paquinimod treatment in IL14α restored Ca2+ homeostasis that inhibited alarmin release thereby reverting the pSS phenotype. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that loss of Ca2+ signaling is one of the initial factors, which induces loss of salivary gland function along with immune infiltration that exaggerates pSS. Importantly, restoration of Ca2+ signaling upon paquinimod treatment reversed the pSS phenotype thereby inhibiting the progressive development of pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Sun
- Department of PeriodonticsSchool of DentistryUniversity of Texas Health Science Center San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | | | - Arun Chauhan
- Department of Developmental DentistrySchool of DentistryUniversity of Texas Health Science Center San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Pramod Sukumaran
- Department of PeriodonticsSchool of DentistryUniversity of Texas Health Science Center San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Pooja Chauhan
- Department of Developmental DentistrySchool of DentistryUniversity of Texas Health Science Center San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Julian L. Ambrus
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and RheumatologyDepartment of MedicineSchool of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesState University of New YorkBuffaloNew YorkUSA
| | - Arjan Vissink
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryUniversity of Groningen and University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Frans G. M. Kroese
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical ImmunologyUniversity of Groningen and University Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Madesh Muniswamy
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Texas Health Science Center San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Bibhuti B. Mishra
- Department of Developmental DentistrySchool of DentistryUniversity of Texas Health Science Center San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA
- Department of Biomedical SciencesSchool of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of North DakotaGrand ForksNorth DakotaUSA
| | - Brij B. Singh
- Department of PeriodonticsSchool of DentistryUniversity of Texas Health Science Center San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA
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Negri AL, Spivacow FR. Kidney stone matrix proteins: Role in stone formation. World J Nephrol 2023; 12:21-28. [PMID: 37035509 PMCID: PMC10075018 DOI: 10.5527/wjn.v12.i2.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Stone formation is induced by an increased level of urine crystallization promoters and reduced levels of its inhibitors. Crystallization inhibitors include citrate, magnesium, zinc, and organic compounds such as glycosaminoglycans. In the urine, there are various proteins, such as uromodulin (Tamm-Horsfall protein), calgranulin, osteopontin, bikunin, and nephrocalcin, that are present in the stone matrix. The presence of several carboxyl groups in these macromolecules reduces calcium oxalate monohydrate crystal adhesion to the urinary epithelium and could potentially protect against lithiasis. Proteins are the most abundant component of kidney stone matrix, and their presence may reflect the process of stone formation. Many recent studies have explored the proteomics of urinary stones. Among the stone matrix proteins, the most frequently identified were uromodulin, S100 proteins (calgranulins A and B), osteopontin, and several other proteins typically engaged in inflammation and immune response. The normal level and structure of these macromolecules may constitute protection against calcium salt formation. Paradoxically, most of them may act as both promoters and inhibitors depending on circumstances. Many of these proteins have other functions in modulating oxidative stress, immune function, and inflammation that could also influence stone formation. Yet, the role of these kidney stone matrix proteins needs to be established through more studies comparing urinary stone proteomics between stone formers and non-stone formers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Luis Negri
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Universidad del Salvador, Instituto de Investigaciones Metabólicas, Buenos Aires 1012, Argentina
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S100A8/S100A9 Integrates F-Actin and Microtubule Dynamics to Prevent Uncontrolled Extravasation of Leukocytes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030835. [PMID: 36979814 PMCID: PMC10045313 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune reactions are characterized by the rapid immigration of phagocytes into sites of inflammation. Meticulous regulation of these migratory processes is crucial for preventing uncontrolled and harmful phagocyte extravasation. S100A8/S100A9 is the major calcium-binding protein complex expressed in phagocytes. After release, this complex acts as a proinflammatory alarmin in the extracellular space, but the intracellular functions of these highly abundant proteins are less clear. Results of this study reveal an important role of S100A8/S100A9 in coordinated cytoskeleton rearrangement during migration. We found that S100A8/S100A9 was able to cross-link F-actin and microtubules in a calcium- and phosphorylation-dependent manner. Cells deficient in S100A8/S100A9 showed abnormalities in cell adhesion and motility. Missing cytoskeletal interactions of S100A8/S100A9 caused differences in the surface expression and activation of β1-integrins as well as in the regulation of Src/Syk kinase family members. Loss of S100A8/S100A9 led to dysregulated integrin-mediated adhesion and migration, resulting in an overall higher dynamic activity of non-activated S100A8/S100A9-deficient phagocytes. Our data suggest that intracellular S100A8/S100A9 is part of a novel regulatory mechanism that ensures the precise control necessary to facilitate the change between the quiescent and activated state of phagocytes.
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Lopes FF, Lamberty Faverzani J, Hammerschmidt T, Aguilar Delgado C, Ferreira de Oliveira J, Wajner M, Regla Vargas C. Evaluation of oxidative damage to biomolecules and inflammation in patients with urea cycle disorders. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 736:109526. [PMID: 36702451 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Urea cycle disorders (UCD) are inborn errors of metabolism that occur due to a loss of function in enzymes and transporters involved in the urea cycle, causing an intoxication by hyperammonemia and accumulation of metabolites. Patients can develop hepatic encephalopathy (HE), severe neurological and motor disabilities, and often death. The mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of UCD are many and complex, but there are strong indications that oxidative stress and inflammation are present, being responsible for at least part of the cellular damage that occurs in these diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate oxidative and nitrosative damage and inflammation in UCD, to better understand the pathophysiology mechanisms of these diseases. We evaluated the nitrite and nitrate content, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), carbonyl protein content and a panel of cytokines in plasma sample of 14 patients. The UCD patients group consisted of individuals affected with ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (n = 8), carbamoyl phosphate synthetase deficiency (n = 2), argininosuccinate synthetase deficiency (n = 2); arginase 1 deficiency (n = 1) and argininosuccinate lyase deficiency (n = 1). Patients mean age at diagnosis was 5.25 ± 9.86 years-old and mean concentrations were compared with healthy individuals of matched age and gender. We found a significant reduction in nitrogen reactive species in patients when compared to controls. TBARS was increased in patients, indicating lipid peroxidation. To evaluate protein oxidative damage in UCD, the carbonyl content was measured, and the results also demonstrated an increase in this biomarker. Finally, we found that UCD patients have enhanced concentrations of cytokines, with pro-inflammatory interleukins IL-6, IL-8, interferon-γ and TNF-α, and anti-inflammatory IL-10 being increased when compared to the control group. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that oxidative stress and inflammation occurs in UCD and probably contribute to the severe brain damage present in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciele Fátima Lopes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Jéssica Lamberty Faverzani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Hammerschmidt
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Camila Aguilar Delgado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Julia Ferreira de Oliveira
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Moacir Wajner
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carmen Regla Vargas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Brazil; Serviço de Genética Médica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Wang Y, Wang Q, Yang TW, Yin JM, Wei F, Liu H, Yang PX, Li J, Liu N, Zhu Y, Chen D. Analysis of Immune and Inflammatory Microenvironment Characteristics of Noncancer End-Stage Liver Disease. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2023; 43:86-97. [PMID: 36749162 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2022.0172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver injury eventually progresses to cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease (ESLD), which are the leading causes of death in patients with liver disease worldwide. ESLD has a variety of etiologies and a complex pathogenesis. This study analyzed the characteristics of ESLD by studying the immune microenvironment and inflammatory microenvironment of ESLD caused by 4 noncancer diseases, including HBV-ALF, ALF, AILD, and AH. We collected transcriptome data from noncancer ESLD patients, collected liver tissue samples and blood samples from ESLD liver transplant patients, and analyzed the immune and inflammatory microenvironments in the liver and blood. The results showed that with the exception of HBV-induced ESLD, there were no significant differences in immune microenvironment scores among patients with ESLD caused by other noncancer diseases. Moreover, there were no significant differences in the inflammatory microenvironment in the liver and blood of patients with ESLD caused by the 4 noncancer diseases. Furthermore, we found that the cytokine, IL-15, could predict the prognosis of ESLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing DiTan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Organ Transplant Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tong Wang Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, Academician Workstation, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China.,Organ Transplant Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ji Ming Yin
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Feili Wei
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Organ Transplant Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Peng Xiang Yang
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxi Li
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunxia Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dexi Chen
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Leiba J, Özbilgiç R, Hernández L, Demou M, Lutfalla G, Yatime L, Nguyen-Chi M. Molecular Actors of Inflammation and Their Signaling Pathways: Mechanistic Insights from Zebrafish. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020153. [PMID: 36829432 PMCID: PMC9952950 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a hallmark of the physiological response to aggressions. It is orchestrated by a plethora of molecules that detect the danger, signal intracellularly, and activate immune mechanisms to fight the threat. Understanding these processes at a level that allows to modulate their fate in a pathological context strongly relies on in vivo studies, as these can capture the complexity of the whole process and integrate the intricate interplay between the cellular and molecular actors of inflammation. Over the years, zebrafish has proven to be a well-recognized model to study immune responses linked to human physiopathology. We here provide a systematic review of the molecular effectors of inflammation known in this vertebrate and recapitulate their modes of action, as inferred from sterile or infection-based inflammatory models. We present a comprehensive analysis of their sequence, expression, and tissue distribution and summarize the tools that have been developed to study their function. We further highlight how these tools helped gain insights into the mechanisms of immune cell activation, induction, or resolution of inflammation, by uncovering downstream receptors and signaling pathways. These progresses pave the way for more refined models of inflammation, mimicking human diseases and enabling drug development using zebrafish models.
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Li T, Yan Z, Fan Y, Fan X, Li A, Qi Z, Zhang J. Cardiac repair after myocardial infarction: A two-sided role of inflammation-mediated. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 9:1077290. [PMID: 36698953 PMCID: PMC9868426 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1077290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and the development of new treatments can help reduce the size of myocardial infarction and prevent adverse cardiovascular events. Cardiac repair after myocardial infarction can effectively remove necrotic tissue, induce neovascularization, and ultimately replace granulation tissue. Cardiac inflammation is the primary determinant of whether beneficial cardiac repair occurs after myocardial infarction. Immune cells mediate inflammatory responses and play a dual role in injury and protection during cardiac repair. After myocardial infarction, genetic ablation or blocking of anti-inflammatory pathways is often harmful. However, enhancing endogenous anti-inflammatory pathways or blocking endogenous pro-inflammatory pathways may improve cardiac repair after myocardial infarction. A deficiency of neutrophils or monocytes does not improve overall cardiac function after myocardial infarction but worsens it and aggravates cardiac fibrosis. Several factors are critical in regulating inflammatory genes and immune cells' phenotypes, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs. Therefore, strict control and timely suppression of the inflammatory response, finding a balance between inflammatory cells, preventing excessive tissue degradation, and avoiding infarct expansion can effectively reduce the occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events after myocardial infarction. This article reviews the involvement of neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and regulatory T cells in cardiac repair after myocardial infarction. After myocardial infarction, neutrophils are the first to be recruited to the damaged site to engulf necrotic cell debris and secrete chemokines that enhance monocyte recruitment. Monocytes then infiltrate the infarct site and differentiate into macrophages and they release proteases and cytokines that are harmful to surviving myocardial cells in the pre-infarct period. As time progresses, apoptotic neutrophils are cleared, the recruitment of anti-inflammatory monocyte subsets, the polarization of macrophages toward the repair phenotype, and infiltration of regulatory T cells, which secrete anti-inflammatory factors that stimulate angiogenesis and granulation tissue formation for cardiac repair. We also explored how epigenetic modifications regulate the phenotype of inflammatory genes and immune cells to promote cardiac repair after myocardial infarction. This paper also elucidates the roles of alarmin S100A8/A9, secreted frizzled-related protein 1, and podoplanin in the inflammatory response and cardiac repair after myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhipeng Yan
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yajie Fan
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinbiao Fan
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Aolin Li
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhongwen Qi
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Zhongwen Qi,
| | - Junping Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China,Junping Zhang,
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Cao J, Xu M, Zhu L, Xiao S. Viaminate Inhibits Propionibacterium Acnes-induced Abnormal Proliferation and Keratinization of HaCat Cells by Regulating the S100A8/S100A9- MAPK Cascade. Curr Drug Targets 2023; 24:1055-1065. [PMID: 37861037 DOI: 10.2174/0113894501243867230928115205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viaminate, a vitamin A acid drug developed in China, has been clinically used in acne treatment to regulate epithelial cell differentiation and proliferation, inhibit keratinization, reduce sebum secretion, and control immunological and anti-inflammatory actions; however, the exact method by which it works is unknown. METHODS In the present study, acne was induced in the ears of rats using Propionibacterium acnes combined with sebum application. RESULTS After 30 days of treatment with viaminate, the symptoms of epidermal thickening and keratin overproduction in the ears of rats were significantly improved. Transcriptomic analysis of rat skin tissues suggested that viaminate significantly regulated the biological pathways of cellular keratinization. Gene differential analysis revealed that the S100A8 and S100A9 genes were significantly downregulated after viaminate treatment. The results of qPCR and Western blotting confirmed that viaminate inhibited the expression of S100A8 and S100A9 genes and proteins in rat and HaCat cell acne models, while its downstream pathway MAPK (MAPK p38/JNK/ERK1/2) protein expression levels were suppressed. Additional administration of the S100A8 and S100A9 complex protein significantly reversed the inhibitory effect of viaminate on abnormal proliferation and keratinization levels in acne cell models. CONCLUSION In summary, viaminate can improve acne by modulating S100A8 and S100A9 to inhibit MAPK pathway activation and inhibit keratinocyte proliferation and keratinization levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Cao
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi 'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi 'an City 710103, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Meifeng Xu
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi 'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi 'an City 710103, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Longfei Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi 'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi 'an City 710103, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Shengxiang Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi 'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi 'an City 710103, Shaanxi Province, China
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Zhang A, Zou X, Yang S, Yang H, Ma Z, Li J. Effect of NETs/COX-2 pathway on immune microenvironment and metastasis in gastric cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1177604. [PMID: 37153547 PMCID: PMC10156975 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1177604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are crucial in the progression of several cancers. The formation of NETs is closely related to reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the granule proteins involved in nucleosome depolymerization under the action of ROS together with the loosened DNA compose the basic structure of NETs. This study aims to investigate the specific mechanisms of NETs promoting gastric cancer metastasis in order to perfect the existing immunotherapy strategies. Methods In this study, the cells and tumor tissues of gastric cancer were detected by immunological experiments, real-time polymerase chain reaction and cytology experiments. Besides, bioinformatics analysis was used to analyze the correlation between cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and the immune microenvironment of gastric cancer, as well as its effect on immunotherapy. Results Examination of clinical specimens showed that NETs were deposited in tumor tissues of patients with gastric cancer and their expression was significantly correlated with tumor staging. Bioinformatics analysis showed that COX-2 was involved in gastric cancer progression and was associated with immune cell infiltration as well as immunotherapy. In vitro experiments, we demonstrated that NETs could activate COX-2 through Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and thus enhance the metastatic ability of gastric cancer cells. In addition, in a liver metastasis model of nude mice we also demonstrated the critical role of NETs and COX-2 in the distant metastasis of gastric cancer. Conclusion NETs can promote gastric cancer metastasis by initiating COX-2 through TLR2, and COX-2 may become a target for gastric cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ange Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoming Zou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoming Zou,
| | - Shifeng Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Zhen Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Jiacheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
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Veneziani I, Alicata C, Moretta L, Maggi E. The Latest Approach of Immunotherapy with Endosomal TLR Agonists Improving NK Cell Function: An Overview. Biomedicines 2022; 11:biomedicines11010064. [PMID: 36672572 PMCID: PMC9855813 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the most well-defined pattern recognition receptors (PRR) of several cell types recognizing pathogens and triggering innate immunity. TLRs are also expressed on tumor cells and tumor microenvironment (TME) cells, including natural killer (NK) cells. Cell surface TLRs primarily recognize extracellular ligands from bacteria and fungi, while endosomal TLRs recognize microbial DNA or RNA. TLR engagement activates intracellular pathways leading to the activation of transcription factors regulating gene expression of several inflammatory molecules. Endosomal TLR agonists may be considered as new immunotherapeutic adjuvants for dendritic cell (DC) vaccines able to improve anti-tumor immunity and cancer patient outcomes. The literature suggests that endosomal TLR agonists modify TME on murine models and human cancer (clinical trials), providing evidence that locally infused endosomal TLR agonists may delay tumor growth and induce tumor regression. Recently, our group demonstrated that CD56bright NK cell subset is selectively responsive to TLR8 engagement. Thus, TLR8 agonists (loaded or not to nanoparticles or other carriers) can be considered a novel strategy able to promote anti-tumor immunity. TLR8 agonists can be used to activate and expand in vitro circulating or intra-tumoral NK cells to be adoptively transferred into patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Veneziani
- Translational Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Alicata
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Maggi
- Translational Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Bartolo ND, Mortimer N, Manter MA, Sanchez N, Riley M, O'Malley TT, Hooker JM. Identification and Prioritization of PET Neuroimaging Targets for Microglial Phenotypes Associated with Microglial Activity in Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:3641-3660. [PMID: 36473177 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of microglial cells accompanies the progression of many neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Development of molecular imaging tools specific to microglia can help elucidate the mechanism through which microglia contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. Through analysis of published genetic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data sets, we identified 19 genes with microglia-specific expression that we then ranked based on association with the AD characteristics, change in expression, and potential druggability of the target. We believe that the process we used to identify and rank microglia-specific genes is broadly applicable to the identification and evaluation of targets in other disease areas and for applications beyond molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole D Bartolo
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Niall Mortimer
- Human Biology and Data Science, Eisai Center for Genetics Guided Dementia Discovery, 35 Cambridgepark Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Mariah A Manter
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Nicholas Sanchez
- Human Biology and Data Science, Eisai Center for Genetics Guided Dementia Discovery, 35 Cambridgepark Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Misha Riley
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Tiernan T O'Malley
- Human Biology and Data Science, Eisai Center for Genetics Guided Dementia Discovery, 35 Cambridgepark Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Jacob M Hooker
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
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He K, Wu W, Wang X, Dai W, Wang S, Li C, Li S. Circulatory levels of alarmins in patients with non-segmental vitiligo: Potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis and activity/severity assessment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1069196. [PMID: 36569840 PMCID: PMC9767981 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1069196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-segmental vitiligo (NSV) is an autoimmune skin disorder that is difficult to determine disease activity/severity and thus to treat. Alarmins have emerged as promising biomarkers in various diseases, so further confirmation of their potential roles in NSV would be of considerable value. With the present work, we aimed to determine the serum levels of alarmins in patients with NSV, correlate these alarmins with disease activity and severity, and analyze the predictive value of the combination of these markers. Methods 104 NSV patients and 56 healthy controls were enrolled at the Xijing Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University between September 1, 2018, and June 30, 2019. The serum levels of alarmins (including IL-33, IL-1α, S100A9, S100A12, S100B, and HMGB1) were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The predictive performance of these biomarkers was evaluated with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and other representative statistics. Results A total of 104 patients with NSV (mean [SD] age, 34.2 [13.0] years; 62 [59.6%] male) and 56 healthy controls (mean [SD] age, 34.8 [13.5] years; 34 [60.7%] male) were enrolled. For vitiligo diagnosis, S100B had the highest sensitivity (92.31%), whereas HMGB1 had the highest specificity (85.71%); the combination of IL-1α, S100B, S100A9, and HMGB1 increased the AUC value to 0.925, with a sensitivity of 87.50% and a specificity of 85.71%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed S100B (OR, 1.019; 95% CI, 1.002-1.038; P =0.03), S100A9 (OR, 1.002; 95% CI, 1.001-1.003; P<0.001), and HMGB1 (OR, 1.915; 95% CI, 1.186-3.091; P =0.008) were significantly associated with vitiligo activity. S100A9 had the highest accuracy in discriminating patients at the active stage from the stable stage, with an AUC value of 0.827. The combination of these alarmins had an AUC value of 0.860 to assess disease activity, with a sensitivity of 90.00% and a specificity of 72.97%. Furthermore, S100B (r=0.61, P <0.001), S100A9 (r=0.33, P <0.001), and HMGB1 (r = 0.51, P <0.001) levels were positively correlated with the affected body surface area (BSA) in NSV patients. Conclusions Serum S100B, S100A9, and HMGB1 might be biomarkers for diagnosing and assessing the activity/severity of NSV, either used alone or in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqiao He
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xinju Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sijia Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China,*Correspondence: Shuli Li, ; Chunying Li,
| | - Shuli Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China,*Correspondence: Shuli Li, ; Chunying Li,
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Russo A, Schürmann H, Brandt M, Scholz K, Matos ALL, Grill D, Revenstorff J, Rembrink M, von Wulffen M, Fischer‐Riepe L, Hanley PJ, Häcker H, Prünster M, Sánchez‐Madrid F, Hermann S, Klotz L, Gerke V, Betz T, Vogl T, Roth J. Alarming and Calming: Opposing Roles of S100A8/S100A9 Dimers and Tetramers on Monocytes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2201505. [PMID: 36310133 PMCID: PMC9798971 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Mechanisms keeping leukocytes distant of local inflammatory processes in a resting state despite systemic release of inflammatory triggers are a pivotal requirement for avoidance of overwhelming inflammation but are ill defined. Dimers of the alarmin S100A8/S100A9 activate Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) but extracellular calcium concentrations induce S100A8/S100A9-tetramers preventing TLR4-binding and limiting their inflammatory activity. So far, only antimicrobial functions of released S100A8/S100A9-tetramers (calprotectin) are described. It is demonstrated that extracellular S100A8/S100A9 tetramers significantly dampen monocyte dynamics as adhesion, migration, and traction force generation in vitro and immigration of monocytes in a cutaneous granuloma model and inflammatory activity in a model of irritant contact dermatitis in vivo. Interestingly, these effects are not mediated by the well-known binding of S100A8/S100A9-dimers to TLR-4 but specifically mediated by S100A8/S100A9-tetramer interaction with CD69. Thus, the quaternary structure of these S100-proteins determines distinct and even antagonistic effects mediated by different receptors. As S100A8/S100A9 are released primarily as dimers and subsequently associate to tetramers in the high extracellular calcium milieu, the same molecules promote inflammation locally (S100-dimer/TLR4) but simultaneously protect the wider environment from overwhelming inflammation (S100-tetramer/CD69).
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Russo
- Institute of ImmunologyUniversity of Münster48149MünsterGermany
- Cells in Motion Interfaculty CentreUniversity of Münster48149MünsterGermany
| | - Hendrik Schürmann
- Institute of Cell BiologyCentre for Molecular Biology of InflammationZMBEUniversity of Münster48149MünsterGermany
| | - Matthias Brandt
- Institute of Cell BiologyCentre for Molecular Biology of InflammationZMBEUniversity of Münster48149MünsterGermany
| | - Katja Scholz
- Institute of ImmunologyUniversity of Münster48149MünsterGermany
| | - Anna Livia L. Matos
- Cells in Motion Interfaculty CentreUniversity of Münster48149MünsterGermany
- Institute of Medical BiochemistryCentre of Molecular Biology of InflammationZMBEUniversity of Münster48149MünsterGermany
| | - David Grill
- Institute of Medical BiochemistryCentre of Molecular Biology of InflammationZMBEUniversity of Münster48149MünsterGermany
| | | | | | | | | | - Peter J. Hanley
- Faculty of MedicineHMU Health and Medical University Potsdam14471PotsdamGermany
| | - Hans Häcker
- Department of PathologyDivision of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT84112USA
| | - Monika Prünster
- BioMedical CenterWalter‐Brendel‐Centre for Experimental MedicineLudwig‐Maximilians‐UniversityPlanegg‐Martinsried82152MunichGermany
| | - Francisco Sánchez‐Madrid
- Immunology ServiceHospital de la PrincesaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridInstituto Investigación Sanitaria PrincesaMadrid28006Spain
- Department of Vascular Biology and InflammationCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)Madrid28029Spain
| | - Sven Hermann
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI)University of Münster48149MünsterGermany
| | - Luisa Klotz
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational NeurologyUniversity Hospital Muenster48149MuensterGermany
| | - Volker Gerke
- Cells in Motion Interfaculty CentreUniversity of Münster48149MünsterGermany
- Institute of Medical BiochemistryCentre of Molecular Biology of InflammationZMBEUniversity of Münster48149MünsterGermany
| | - Timo Betz
- Cells in Motion Interfaculty CentreUniversity of Münster48149MünsterGermany
- Institute of Cell BiologyCentre for Molecular Biology of InflammationZMBEUniversity of Münster48149MünsterGermany
- Third Institute of Physics– BiophysicsGeorg August University Göttingen37077GöttingenGermany
| | - Thomas Vogl
- Institute of ImmunologyUniversity of Münster48149MünsterGermany
| | - Johannes Roth
- Institute of ImmunologyUniversity of Münster48149MünsterGermany
- Cells in Motion Interfaculty CentreUniversity of Münster48149MünsterGermany
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Kasakura K, Kawakami Y, Jacquet A, Kawakami T. Histamine-Releasing Factor Is a Novel Alarmin Induced by House Dust Mite Allergen, Cytokines, and Cell Death. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:1851-1859. [PMID: 36426937 PMCID: PMC9643630 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Histamine-releasing factor (HRF) is a multifunctional protein with fundamental intracellular functions controlling cell survival and proliferation. HRF is also secreted during allergic reactions and promotes IgE-mediated activation of mast cells and basophils. In this study, we investigated HRF secretion and its relevance to airway inflammation. HRF monomers were constitutively secreted from BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) and converted to oligomers over the course of culture. Stimulation with house dust mite (HDM) extract increased HRF secretion substantially. Several cytokines involved in asthma pathogenesis showed moderate effects on HRF secretion but dramatically enhanced HDM-induced HRF secretion. HDM-induced HRF secretion from BEAS-2B cells and normal HBECs proceeded via TLR2. Consistent with this, multiple TLR2 ligands, including Der p 2, Der p 5, Der p 13, and Der p 21, induced HRF secretion. Der p 10 (tropomyosin) also promoted HRF secretion. Cell death or incubation with adenosine and ATP, compounds released upon cell death, also enhanced HRF secretion. Furthermore, intranasal administration of recombinant HRF elicited robust airway inflammation in HDM-sensitized mice in an FcεRI-dependent manner. Therefore, we conclude that HRF is a novel alarmin that promotes allergic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumi Kasakura
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yu Kawakami
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Alain Jacquet
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 10330 Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Toshiaki Kawakami
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Wu E, Zhu J, Ma Z, Tuo B, Terai S, Mizuno K, Li T, Liu X. Gastric alarmin release: A warning signal in the development of gastric mucosal diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1008047. [PMID: 36275647 PMCID: PMC9583272 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1008047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alarmins exist outside cells and are early warning signals to the immune system; as such, alarmin receptors are widely distributed on various immune cells. Alarmins, proinflammatory molecular patterns associated with tissue damage, are usually released into the extracellular space, where they induce immune responses and participate in the damage and repair processes of mucosal diseases.In the stomach, gastric alarmin release has been shown to be involved in gastric mucosal inflammation, antibacterial defense, adaptive immunity, and wound healing; moreover, this release causes damage and results in the development of gastric mucosal diseases, including various types of gastritis, ulcers, and gastric cancer. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the role of alarmins in gastric mucosal diseases. This review focuses on the contribution of alarmins, including IL33, HMGB1, defensins and cathelicidins, to the gastric mucosal barrier and their role in gastric mucosal diseases. Here, we offer a new perspective on the prevention and treatment of gastric mucosal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enqin Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiaxing Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhiyuan Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Biguang Tuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Shuji Terai
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kenichi Mizuno
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Taolang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- *Correspondence: Xuemei Liu, ; Taolang Li,
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- *Correspondence: Xuemei Liu, ; Taolang Li,
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Sultanpuram NR, Ahmed U, Peters JT, Zhang T, Wang AZ. TISSUE ENGINEERED CANCER METASTASES AS CANCER VACCINE TO IMPROVE CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY. Acta Biomater 2022; 153:299-307. [PMID: 36174938 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is often used to improve cancer immunotherapy outcomes. While there are both pre-clinical and clinical data supporting this approach, there are also significant challenges. One key challenge is that not all patients have tumors that can be easily treated with radiotherapy due to potential normal tissue toxicity and prior treatment. In addition, it is difficult to control the tumor microenvironment to promote the immune response after radiosurgery. To overcome these challenges, we hypothesize that we can engineer cancer metastasis and utilize irradiated engineered tumor cells as a personalized cancer vaccine to improve cancer immunotherapy. Herein, we report the development of engineered lung metastasis using decellularized rat lung tissue. Using the B16F10 melanoma tumor model, we showed that radiotherapy-treated engineered metastases are highly effective in improving cancer immunotherapy responses and more effective than in vivo metastasis. Our work has demonstrated the potential of applying tissue engineering to cancer immunotherapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Combination of radiation and immunotherapy are an effective way to treat metastasis. Despite their success, long term response still remains low. Tumor microenvironment evading the immune response, normal tissue toxicity to radiation and inaccessibility to radiosurgery are some of the limitations. To overcome these challenges, in this paper we present with data supporting the use of high dose radiation treated ex vivo engineered B16F10 metastasis model using decellularized lung scaffolds. These engineered metastases closely mimic the in vivo tumors and when given into tumor bearing mice along with check point inhibitors are highly effective in improving the cancer immunotherapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhila Reddy Sultanpuram
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Umer Ahmed
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jonathan Thomas Peters
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Tian Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Andrew Z Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.
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Singh P, Ali SA. Multifunctional Role of S100 Protein Family in the Immune System: An Update. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152274. [PMID: 35892571 PMCID: PMC9332480 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
S100 is a broad subfamily of low-molecular weight calcium-binding proteins (9–14 kDa) with structural similarity and functional discrepancy. It is required for inflammation and cellular homeostasis, and can work extracellularly, intracellularly, or both. S100 members participate in a variety of activities in a healthy cell, including calcium storage and transport (calcium homeostasis). S100 isoforms that have previously been shown to play important roles in the immune system as alarmins (DAMPs), antimicrobial peptides, pro-inflammation stimulators, chemo-attractants, and metal scavengers during an innate immune response. Currently, during the pandemic, it was found that several members of the S100 family are implicated in the pathophysiology of COVID-19. Further, S100 family protein members were proposed to be used as a prognostic marker for COVID-19 infection identification using a nasal swab. In the present review, we compiled the vast majority of recent studies that focused on the multifunctionality of S100 proteins in the complex immune system and its associated activities. Furthermore, we shed light on the numerous molecular approaches and signaling cascades regulated by S100 proteins during immune response. In addition, we discussed the involvement of S100 protein members in abnormal defense systems during the pathogenesis of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Singh
- Cell Biology and Proteomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal 132001, India;
| | - Syed Azmal Ali
- Cell Biology and Proteomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal 132001, India;
- Division of Proteomics of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-8708591790
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Yu S, Qian L, Ma J. Genetic alterations, RNA expression profiling and DNA methylation of HMGB1 in malignancies. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:4322-4332. [PMID: 35765707 PMCID: PMC9344825 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in various human diseases. However, a systematic, comprehensive pan‐cancer analysis of HMGB1 in human cancers remains to be reported. This study analysed the genetic alteration, RNA expression profiling and DNA methylation of HMGB1 in more than 30 types of tumours. It is worth noting that HMGB1 is overexpressed in malignant tissues, including lymphoid neoplasm diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBC), pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) and thymoma (THYM). Interestingly, there is a positive correlation between the high expression of HMGB1 and the high survival prognosis of THYM. Finally, this study comprehensively evaluates the genetic variation of HMGB1 in human malignant tumours. As a prospective biomarker of COVID‐19, the role that HMGB1 plays in THYM is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoukai Yu
- Hongqiao International Institue of Medicine & Clinical Research Center, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingmei Qian
- Hongqiao International Institue of Medicine & Clinical Research Center, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Hongqiao International Institue of Medicine & Clinical Research Center, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ritiu SA, Rogobete AF, Sandesc D, Bedreag OH, Papurica M, Popovici SE, Toma D, Ivascu RI, Velovan R, Garofil DN, Corneci D, Bratu LM, Pahontu EM, Pistol A. The Impact of General Anesthesia on Redox Stability and Epigenetic Inflammation Pathways: Crosstalk on Perioperative Antioxidant Therapy. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121880. [PMID: 35741011 PMCID: PMC9221536 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, the prevalence of surgery under general anesthesia has significantly increased, both because of modern anesthetic and pain-control techniques and because of better diagnosis and the increased complexity of surgical techniques. Apart from developing new concepts in the surgical field, researchers and clinicians are now working on minimizing the impact of surgical trauma and offering minimal invasive procedures due to the recent discoveries in the field of cellular and molecular mechanisms that have revealed a systemic inflammatory and pro-oxidative impact not only in the perioperative period but also in the long term, contributing to more difficult recovery, increased morbidity and mortality, and a negative financial impact. Detailed molecular and cellular analysis has shown an overproduction of inflammatory and pro-oxidative species, responsible for augmenting the systemic inflammatory status and making postoperative recovery more difficult. Moreover, there are a series of changes in certain epigenetic structures, the most important being the microRNAs. This review describes the most important molecular and cellular mechanisms that impact the surgical patient undergoing general anesthesia, and it presents a series of antioxidant therapies that can reduce systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stelian Adrian Ritiu
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timișoara, Romania; (S.A.R.); (D.S.); (O.H.B.); (M.P.); (S.E.P.); (D.T.); (R.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Alexandru Florin Rogobete
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timișoara, Romania; (S.A.R.); (D.S.); (O.H.B.); (M.P.); (S.E.P.); (D.T.); (R.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
- Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Research Center (CCATITM), “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.F.R.); (D.N.G.); Tel.: +40-075-985-2479 (A.F.R.)
| | - Dorel Sandesc
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timișoara, Romania; (S.A.R.); (D.S.); (O.H.B.); (M.P.); (S.E.P.); (D.T.); (R.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
- Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Research Center (CCATITM), “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Horea Bedreag
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timișoara, Romania; (S.A.R.); (D.S.); (O.H.B.); (M.P.); (S.E.P.); (D.T.); (R.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
- Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Research Center (CCATITM), “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Marius Papurica
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timișoara, Romania; (S.A.R.); (D.S.); (O.H.B.); (M.P.); (S.E.P.); (D.T.); (R.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
- Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Research Center (CCATITM), “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Sonia Elena Popovici
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timișoara, Romania; (S.A.R.); (D.S.); (O.H.B.); (M.P.); (S.E.P.); (D.T.); (R.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Daiana Toma
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timișoara, Romania; (S.A.R.); (D.S.); (O.H.B.); (M.P.); (S.E.P.); (D.T.); (R.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Robert Iulian Ivascu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (R.I.I.); (D.C.); (A.P.)
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Central Military Emergency Hospital “Dr. Carol Davila”, 010242 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Velovan
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital “Pius Brînzeu”, 300723 Timișoara, Romania; (S.A.R.); (D.S.); (O.H.B.); (M.P.); (S.E.P.); (D.T.); (R.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Dragos Nicolae Garofil
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (R.I.I.); (D.C.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: (A.F.R.); (D.N.G.); Tel.: +40-075-985-2479 (A.F.R.)
| | - Dan Corneci
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (R.I.I.); (D.C.); (A.P.)
- Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Central Military Emergency Hospital “Dr. Carol Davila”, 010242 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lavinia Melania Bratu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Elena Mihaela Pahontu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Adriana Pistol
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (R.I.I.); (D.C.); (A.P.)
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Li X, Wang Z. Mechanisms of reactive oxygen species in oral lichen planus: A literature review. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x221104389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus is a chronic non-infectious mucosal inflammatory disease caused by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species homeostasis and antioxidant defense systems. Notably, excessive oxidative stress products result in related autoimmune reactions. Further, it activates signaling pathways related to the development of oral lichen planus, as evidenced by the detection of damage to deoxyribonucleic acid, protein, and lipid. Thus, the mechanisms of reactive oxygen species-mediated oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus are numerous and complex. In this review, we first introduce oxidative stress and oxidative products. Then, we summarize the role and possible mechanisms of reactive oxygen species-mediated oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus and present a clinical correlation between oxidative stress and oral lichen planus. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Lalsiamthara J, Aballay A. The gut efflux pump MRP-1 exports oxidized glutathione as a danger signal that stimulates behavioral immunity and aversive learning. Commun Biol 2022; 5:422. [PMID: 35513700 PMCID: PMC9072357 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03381-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immune surveillance, which monitors the presence of potentially harmful microorganisms and the perturbations of host physiology that occur in response to infections, is critical to distinguish pathogens from beneficial microbes. Here, we show that multidrug resistance-associated protein-1 (MRP-1) functions in the basolateral membrane of intestinal cells to transport byproducts of cellular redox reactions to control both molecular and behavioral immunity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection disrupts glutathione homeostasis, leading to the excess production of the MRP-1 substrate, oxidized glutathione (GSSG). Extracellular GSSG triggers pathogen avoidance behavior and primes naïve C. elegans to induce aversive learning behavior via neural NMDA class glutamate receptor-1 (NMR-1). Our results indicate that MRP-1 transports GSSG, which acts as a danger signal capable of warning C. elegans of changes in intestinal homeostasis, thereby initiating a gut neural signal that elicits an appropriate host defense response. The multidrug resistance-associated protein-1 (MRP-1) functions in the basolateral membrane of intestinal cells to transport byproducts of cellular redox reactions to control both molecular and behavioral immunity in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Lalsiamthara
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University Portland, Oregon, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Alejandro Aballay
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University Portland, Oregon, OR, 97239, USA.
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