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Kuhn NF, Zaleta-Linares I, Nyberg WA, Eyquem J, Krummel MF. Localized in vivo gene editing of murine cancer-associated fibroblasts. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.11.603114. [PMID: 39071432 PMCID: PMC11275728 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.11.603114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Discovering the role of fibroblasts residing in the tumor microenvironment (TME) requires controlled, localized perturbations because fibroblasts play critical roles in regulating immunity and tumor biology at multiple sites. Systemic perturbations can lead to unintended, confounding secondary effects, and methods to locally genetically engineer fibroblasts are lacking. To specifically investigate murine stromal cell perturbations restricted to the TME, we developed an adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based method to target any gene-of-interest in fibroblasts at high efficiency (>80%). As proof of concept, we generated single (sKO) and double gene KOs (dKO) of Osmr, Tgfbr2, and Il1r1 in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and investigated how their cell states and those of other cells of the TME subsequently change in mouse models of melanoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Furthermore, we developed an in vivo knockin-knockout (KIKO) strategy to achieve long-term tracking of CAFs with target gene KO via knocked-in reporter gene expression. This validated in vivo gene editing toolbox is fast, affordable, and modular, and thus holds great potential for further exploration of gene function in stromal cells residing in tumors and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas F. Kuhn
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Itzia Zaleta-Linares
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - William A. Nyberg
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Justin Eyquem
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew F. Krummel
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- ImmunoX Initiative, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Zhu CP, Liu SQ, Wang KQ, Xiong HL, Aristu-Zabalza P, Boyer-Díaz Z, Feng JF, Song SH, Cheng-Luo, Chen WS, Zhang X, Dong WH, Gracia-Sancho J, Xie WF. Targeting 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 1A in the Portal Vein to Decrease Portal Hypertension. Gastroenterology 2024:S0016-5085(24)05062-5. [PMID: 38906512 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2024.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS & AIMS Portal hypertension (PH) is one of the most frequent complications of chronic liver disease. The peripheral 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) level was increased in cirrhotic patients. We aimed to elucidate the function and mechanism of 5-HT receptor 1A (HTR1A) in the portal vein (PV) on PH. METHODS PH models were induced by thioacetamide injection, bile duct ligation, or partial PV ligation. HTR1A expression was detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization, and immunofluorescence staining. In situ intraportal infusion was used to assess the effects of 5-HT, the HTR1A agonist 8-OH-DPAT, and the HTR1A antagonist WAY-100635 on portal pressure (PP). Htr1a-knockout (Htr1a-/-) rats and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC)-specific Htr1a-knockout (Htr1aΔVSMC) mice were used to confirm the regulatory role of HTR1A on PP. RESULTS HTR1A expression was significantly increased in the hypertensive PV of PH model rats and cirrhotic patients. Additionally, 8-OH-DPAT increased, but WAY-100635 decreased, the PP in rats without affecting liver fibrosis and systemic hemodynamics. Furthermore, 5-HT or 8-OH-DPAT directly induced the contraction of isolated PVs. Genetic deletion of Htr1a in rats and VSMC-specific Htr1a knockout in mice prevented the development of PH. Moreover, 5-HT triggered adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate pathway-mediated PV smooth muscle cell contraction via HTR1A in the PV. We also confirmed alverine as an HTR1A antagonist and demonstrated its capacity to decrease PP in rats with thioacetamide-, bile duct ligation-, and partial PV ligation-induced PH. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that 5-HT promotes PH by inducing the contraction of the PV and identify HTR1A as a promising therapeutic target for attenuating PH. As an HTR1A antagonist, alverine is expected to become a candidate for clinical PH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Peng Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Qing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke-Qi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Lin Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peio Aristu-Zabalza
- Liver Vascular Biology Research Group, IDIBAPS-Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, CIBEREHD; Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zoe Boyer-Díaz
- Liver Vascular Biology Research Group, IDIBAPS-Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, CIBEREHD; Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ji-Feng Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shao-Hua Song
- Organ Transplantation Center, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China; Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Luo
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wan-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Hua Dong
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jordi Gracia-Sancho
- Liver Vascular Biology Research Group, IDIBAPS-Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, CIBEREHD; Barcelona, Spain; Department for Biomedical Research, Hepatology, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland.
| | - Wei-Fen Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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Chen ZY, Ji SJ, Huang CW, Tu WZ, Ren XY, Guo R, Xie X. In situ reprogramming of cardiac fibroblasts into cardiomyocytes in mouse heart with chemicals. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-024-01308-6. [PMID: 38890526 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01308-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes are terminal differentiated cells and have limited ability to proliferate or regenerate. Condition like myocardial infarction causes massive death of cardiomyocytes and is the leading cause of death. Previous studies have demonstrated that cardiac fibroblasts can be induced to transdifferentiate into cardiomyocytes in vitro and in vivo by forced expression of cardiac transcription factors and microRNAs. Our previous study have demonstrated that full chemical cocktails could also induce fibroblast to cardiomyocyte transdifferentiation both in vitro and in vivo. With the development of tissue clearing techniques, it is possible to visualize the reprogramming at the whole-organ level. In this study, we investigated the effect of the chemical cocktail CRFVPTM in inducing in situ fibroblast to cardiomyocyte transdifferentiation with two strains of genetic tracing mice, and the reprogramming was observed at whole-heart level with CUBIC tissue clearing technique and 3D imaging. In addition, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) confirmed the generation of cardiomyocytes from cardiac fibroblasts which carries the tracing marker. Our study confirms the use of small molecule cocktails in inducing in situ fibroblast to cardiomyocyte reprogramming at the whole-heart level and proof-of-conceptly providing a new source of naturally incorporated cardiomyocytes to help heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Si-Jia Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Chen-Wen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wan-Zhi Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xin-Yue Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ren Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, 264119, China
| | - Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, the National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, 264119, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
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4
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Hilgendorf I, Frantz S, Frangogiannis NG. Repair of the Infarcted Heart: Cellular Effectors, Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. Circ Res 2024; 134:1718-1751. [PMID: 38843294 PMCID: PMC11164543 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.323658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The adult mammalian heart has limited endogenous regenerative capacity and heals through the activation of inflammatory and fibrogenic cascades that ultimately result in the formation of a scar. After infarction, massive cardiomyocyte death releases a broad range of damage-associated molecular patterns that initiate both myocardial and systemic inflammatory responses. TLRs (toll-like receptors) and NLRs (NOD-like receptors) recognize damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and transduce downstream proinflammatory signals, leading to upregulation of cytokines (such as interleukin-1, TNF-α [tumor necrosis factor-α], and interleukin-6) and chemokines (such as CCL2 [CC chemokine ligand 2]) and recruitment of neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes. Expansion and diversification of cardiac macrophages in the infarcted heart play a major role in the clearance of the infarct from dead cells and the subsequent stimulation of reparative pathways. Efferocytosis triggers the induction and release of anti-inflammatory mediators that restrain the inflammatory reaction and set the stage for the activation of reparative fibroblasts and vascular cells. Growth factor-mediated pathways, neurohumoral cascades, and matricellular proteins deposited in the provisional matrix stimulate fibroblast activation and proliferation and myofibroblast conversion. Deposition of a well-organized collagen-based extracellular matrix network protects the heart from catastrophic rupture and attenuates ventricular dilation. Scar maturation requires stimulation of endogenous signals that inhibit fibroblast activity and prevent excessive fibrosis. Moreover, in the mature scar, infarct neovessels acquire a mural cell coat that contributes to the stabilization of the microvascular network. Excessive, prolonged, or dysregulated inflammatory or fibrogenic cascades accentuate adverse remodeling and dysfunction. Moreover, inflammatory leukocytes and fibroblasts can contribute to arrhythmogenesis. Inflammatory and fibrogenic pathways may be promising therapeutic targets to attenuate heart failure progression and inhibit arrhythmia generation in patients surviving myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Hilgendorf
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen and Faculty of Medicine at the University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Frantz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
- The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY
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Usui Y, Hanashima A, Hashimoto K, Kimoto M, Ohira M, Mohri S. Comparative analysis of ventricular stiffness across species. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16013. [PMID: 38644486 PMCID: PMC11033294 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Investigating ventricular diastolic properties is crucial for understanding the physiological cardiac functions in organisms and unraveling the pathological mechanisms of cardiovascular disorders. Ventricular stiffness, a fundamental parameter that defines ventricular diastolic functions in chordates, is typically analyzed using the end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship (EDPVR). However, comparing ventricular stiffness accurately across chambers of varying maximum volume capacities has been a long-standing challenge. As one of the solutions to this problem, we propose calculating a relative ventricular stiffness index by applying an exponential approximation formula to the EDPVR plot data of the relationship between ventricular pressure and values of normalized ventricular volume by the ventricular weight. This article reviews the potential, utility, and limitations of using normalized EDPVR analysis in recent studies. Herein, we measured and ranked ventricular stiffness in differently sized and shaped chambers using ex vivo ventricular pressure-volume analysis data from four animals: Wistar rats, red-eared slider turtles, masu salmon, and cherry salmon. Furthermore, we have discussed the mechanical effects of intracellular and extracellular viscoelastic components, Titin (Connectin) filaments, collagens, physiological sarcomere length, and other factors that govern ventricular stiffness. Our review provides insights into the comparison of ventricular stiffness in different-sized ventricles between heterologous and homologous species, including non-model organisms.
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Grants
- JP22K15155 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant/Award Number
- JP20K21453 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant/Award Number
- JP20H04508 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant/Award Number
- JP21K19933 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant/Award Number
- JP20H04521 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant/Award Number
- JP17H02092 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant/Award Number
- JP23H00556 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant/Award Number
- JP17H06272 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant/Award Number
- JP17H00859 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant/Award Number
- JP25560214 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant/Award Number
- JP16K01385 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant/Award Number
- JP26282127 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant/Award Number
- The Futaba research grant program
- Research Grant from the Kawasaki Foundation in 2016 from Medical Science and Medical Welfare
- Medical Research Grant in 2010 from Takeda Science Foundation
- R03S005 Research Project Grant from Kawasaki Medical School
- R03B050 Research Project Grant from Kawasaki Medical School
- R01B054 Research Project Grant from Kawasaki Medical School
- H30B041 Research Project Grant from Kawasaki Medical School
- H30B016 Research Project Grant from Kawasaki Medical School
- H27B10 Research Project Grant from Kawasaki Medical School
- R02B039 Research Project Grant from Kawasaki Medical School
- H28B80 Research Project Grant from Kawasaki Medical School
- R05B016 Research Project Grant from Kawasaki Medical School
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Grant/Award Number
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuu Usui
- First Department of PhysiologyKawasaki Medical SchoolKurashikiOkayamaJapan
| | - Akira Hanashima
- First Department of PhysiologyKawasaki Medical SchoolKurashikiOkayamaJapan
| | - Ken Hashimoto
- First Department of PhysiologyKawasaki Medical SchoolKurashikiOkayamaJapan
| | - Misaki Kimoto
- First Department of PhysiologyKawasaki Medical SchoolKurashikiOkayamaJapan
| | - Momoko Ohira
- First Department of PhysiologyKawasaki Medical SchoolKurashikiOkayamaJapan
| | - Satoshi Mohri
- First Department of PhysiologyKawasaki Medical SchoolKurashikiOkayamaJapan
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McCracken IR, Smart N. Control of coronary vascular cell fate in development and regeneration. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 155:50-61. [PMID: 37714806 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
The coronary vasculature consists of a complex hierarchal network of arteries, veins, and capillaries which collectively function to perfuse the myocardium. However, the pathways controlling the temporally and spatially restricted mechanisms underlying the formation of this vascular network remain poorly understood. In recent years, the increasing use and refinement of transgenic mouse models has played an instrumental role in offering new insights into the cellular origins of the coronary vasculature, as well as identifying a continuum of transitioning cell states preceding the full maturation of the coronary vasculature. Coupled with the emergence of single cell RNA sequencing platforms, these technologies have begun to uncover the key regulatory factors mediating the convergence of distinct cellular origins to ensure the formation of a collectively functional, yet phenotypically diverse, vascular network. Furthermore, improved understanding of the key regulatory factors governing coronary vessel formation in the embryo may provide crucial clues into future therapeutic strategies to reactivate these developmentally functional mechanisms to drive the revascularisation of the ischaemic adult heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian R McCracken
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7TY, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Smart
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7TY, United Kingdom.
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7
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Wang W, Zhao Y, Zhu P, Jia X, Wang C, Zhang Q, Li H, Wang J, Hou Y. Differential Proteomic Profiles of Coronary Serum Exosomes in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients with or Without Diabetes Mellitus: ANGPTL6 Accelerates Regeneration of Endothelial Cells Treated with Rapamycin via MAPK Pathways. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2024; 38:13-29. [PMID: 35821539 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-022-07365-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Delayed re-endothelialization after coronary drug-eluting stent implantation is associated with an increased incidence of late in-stent thrombosis. Serum exosomes exhibit controversial effects on promoting endothelialization. This study aimed to compare the angiogenic effects of serum exosomes derived from patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and AMI plus diabetes mellitus (DM) and to explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Serum exosomes derived from patients in the control (Con-Exos), AMI (AMI-Exos), and AMI plus DM (AMI+DM-Exos) groups were isolated and identified using standard assays. CCK-8, wound healing, and tube formation assays were performed to detect the angiogenic abilities of serum exosomes on rapamycin-conditioned human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Differential proteomic profiles between AMI-Exos and AMI+DM-Exos were analyzed by mass spectrometry. The effects and potential mechanisms of exosomal angiopoietin-like 6 (ANGPTL6) were investigated. RESULTS Functional assays indicated that compared with Con-Exos, AMI-Exos enhanced, whereas AMI+DM-Exos inhibited the cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation of rapamycin-conditioned HUVECs. Subsequently, 28 differentially expressed proteins between AMI-Exos and AMI+DM-Exos were identified, which were correlated with material transportation, immunity, and inflammatory reaction. Moreover, ANGPTL6 was highly enriched in AMI-Exos. Overexpression and knockdown of ANGPTL6 enhanced and inhibited angiogenesis, respectively. Furthermore, the effect of ANGPTL6 on angiogenesis was mediated via the activation of ERK 1/2, JNK, and p38 pathways. The inhibition of ERK 1/2 signaling markedly attenuated the migration abilities of overexpressing ANGPTL6. CONCLUSION Diabetes impairs the regenerative capacities of serum exosomes. Exosomal ANGPTL6 contributes to endothelial repair and is a novel therapeutic target for enhanced stent endothelization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yixin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Pengju Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Xiaomeng Jia
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Qingbin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Jiangrong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Yinglong Hou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China.
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8
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Weinberger M, Riley PR. Animal models to study cardiac regeneration. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024; 21:89-105. [PMID: 37580429 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00914-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Permanent fibrosis and chronic deterioration of heart function in patients after myocardial infarction present a major health-care burden worldwide. In contrast to the restricted potential for cellular and functional regeneration of the adult mammalian heart, a robust capacity for cardiac regeneration is seen during the neonatal period in mammals as well as in the adults of many fish and amphibian species. However, we lack a complete understanding as to why cardiac regeneration takes place more efficiently in some species than in others. The capacity of the heart to regenerate after injury is controlled by a complex network of cellular and molecular mechanisms that form a regulatory landscape, either permitting or restricting regeneration. In this Review, we provide an overview of the diverse array of vertebrates that have been studied for their cardiac regenerative potential and discuss differential heart regeneration outcomes in closely related species. Additionally, we summarize current knowledge about the core mechanisms that regulate cardiac regeneration across vertebrate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Weinberger
- Institute of Developmental & Regenerative Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul R Riley
- Institute of Developmental & Regenerative Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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9
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Caño-Carrillo S, Castillo-Casas JM, Franco D, Lozano-Velasco E. Unraveling the Signaling Dynamics of Small Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiac Diseases. Cells 2024; 13:265. [PMID: 38334657 PMCID: PMC10854837 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Effective intercellular communication is essential for cellular and tissue balance maintenance and response to challenges. Cellular communication methods involve direct cell contact or the release of biological molecules to cover short and long distances. However, a recent discovery in this communication network is the involvement of extracellular vesicles that host biological contents such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, influencing neighboring cells. These extracellular vesicles are found in body fluids; thus, they are considered as potential disease biomarkers. Cardiovascular diseases are significant contributors to global morbidity and mortality, encompassing conditions such as ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathies, electrical heart diseases, and heart failure. Recent studies reveal the release of extracellular vesicles by cardiovascular cells, influencing normal cardiac function and structure. However, under pathological conditions, extracellular vesicles composition changes, contributing to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Investigating the loading of molecular cargo in these extracellular vesicles is essential for understanding their role in disease development. This review consolidates the latest insights into the role of extracellular vesicles in diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases, exploring the potential applications of extracellular vesicles in personalized therapies, shedding light on the evolving landscape of cardiovascular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (S.C.-C.); (J.M.C.-C.); (D.F.)
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10
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Li Y, Liu Z, Han X, Liang F, Zhang Q, Huang X, Shi X, Huo H, Han M, Liu X, Zhu H, He L, Shen L, Hu X, Wang J, Wang QD, Smart N, Zhou B, He B. Dynamics of Endothelial Cell Generation and Turnover in Arteries During Homeostasis and Diseases. Circulation 2024; 149:135-154. [PMID: 38084582 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.064301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial cell (EC) generation and turnover by self-proliferation contributes to vascular repair and regeneration. The ability to accurately measure the dynamics of EC generation would advance our understanding of cellular mechanisms of vascular homeostasis and diseases. However, it is currently challenging to evaluate the dynamics of EC generation in large vessels such as arteries because of their infrequent proliferation. METHODS By using dual recombination systems based on Cre-loxP and Dre-rox, we developed a genetic system for temporally seamless recording of EC proliferation in vivo. We combined genetic recording of EC proliferation with single-cell RNA sequencing and gene knockout to uncover cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying EC generation in arteries during homeostasis and disease. RESULTS Genetic proliferation tracing reveals that ≈3% of aortic ECs undergo proliferation per month in adult mice during homeostasis. The orientation of aortic EC division is generally parallel to blood flow in the aorta, which is regulated by the mechanosensing protein Piezo1. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis reveals 4 heterogeneous aortic EC subpopulations with distinct proliferative activity. EC cluster 1 exhibits transit-amplifying cell features with preferential proliferative capacity and enriched expression of stem cell markers such as Sca1 and Sox18. EC proliferation increases in hypertension but decreases in type 2 diabetes, coinciding with changes in the extent of EC cluster 1 proliferation. Combined gene knockout and proliferation tracing reveals that Hippo/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 signaling pathways regulate EC proliferation in large vessels. CONCLUSIONS Genetic proliferation tracing quantitatively delineates the dynamics of EC generation and turnover, as well as EC division orientation, in large vessels during homeostasis and disease. An EC subpopulation in the aorta exhibits more robust cell proliferation during homeostasis and type 2 diabetes, identifying it as a potential therapeutic target for vascular repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China (Y.L., X. Han, F.L., X.S., H.H., L.S., B.Z., B.H.)
- New Cornerstone Investigator Institute, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.L., Z.L., X. Han, X. Huang, M.H., X.L., H.Z., B.Z.)
| | - Zixin Liu
- New Cornerstone Investigator Institute, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.L., Z.L., X. Han, X. Huang, M.H., X.L., H.Z., B.Z.)
| | - Ximeng Han
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China (Y.L., X. Han, F.L., X.S., H.H., L.S., B.Z., B.H.)
- New Cornerstone Investigator Institute, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.L., Z.L., X. Han, X. Huang, M.H., X.L., H.Z., B.Z.)
| | - Feng Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China (Y.L., X. Han, F.L., X.S., H.H., L.S., B.Z., B.H.)
| | - Qianyu Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, China (Q.Z., M.H., B.Z.)
| | - Xiuzhen Huang
- New Cornerstone Investigator Institute, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.L., Z.L., X. Han, X. Huang, M.H., X.L., H.Z., B.Z.)
| | - Xin Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China (Y.L., X. Han, F.L., X.S., H.H., L.S., B.Z., B.H.)
| | - Huanhuan Huo
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China (Y.L., X. Han, F.L., X.S., H.H., L.S., B.Z., B.H.)
| | - Maoying Han
- New Cornerstone Investigator Institute, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.L., Z.L., X. Han, X. Huang, M.H., X.L., H.Z., B.Z.)
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, China (Q.Z., M.H., B.Z.)
| | - Xiuxiu Liu
- New Cornerstone Investigator Institute, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.L., Z.L., X. Han, X. Huang, M.H., X.L., H.Z., B.Z.)
| | - Huan Zhu
- New Cornerstone Investigator Institute, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.L., Z.L., X. Han, X. Huang, M.H., X.L., H.Z., B.Z.)
| | - Lingjuan He
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (L.H.)
| | - Linghong Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China (Y.L., X. Han, F.L., X.S., H.H., L.S., B.Z., B.H.)
| | - Xinyang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (X.H., J.W.)
| | - Jian'an Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China (X.H., J.W.)
| | - Qing-Dong Wang
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (Q.D.W.)
| | - Nicola Smart
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK (N.S.)
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China (Y.L., X. Han, F.L., X.S., H.H., L.S., B.Z., B.H.)
- New Cornerstone Investigator Institute, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China (Y.L., Z.L., X. Han, X. Huang, M.H., X.L., H.Z., B.Z.)
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, China (Q.Z., M.H., B.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (B.Z.)
| | - Ben He
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China (Y.L., X. Han, F.L., X.S., H.H., L.S., B.Z., B.H.)
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11
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Lin P, Bai Y, Nian X, Chi J, Chen T, Zhang J, Zhang W, Zhou B, Liu Y, Zhao Y. Chemically induced revitalization of damaged hepatocytes for regenerative liver repair. iScience 2023; 26:108532. [PMID: 38144457 PMCID: PMC10746372 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In prolonged liver injury, hepatocytes undergo partial identity loss with decreased regenerative capacity, resulting in liver failure. Here, we identified a five compound (5C) combination that could restore hepatocyte identity and reverse the damage-associated phenotype (e.g., dysfunction, senescence, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, growth arrest, and pro-inflammatory gene expression) in damaged hepatocytes (dHeps) from CCl4-induced mice with chronic liver injury, resembling a direct chemical reprogramming approach. Systemic administration of 5C in mice with chronic liver injury promoted hepatocyte regeneration, improved liver function, and ameliorated liver fibrosis. The hepatocyte-associated transcriptional networks were reestablished with chemical treatment as revealed by motif analysis of ATAC-seq, and a hepatocyte-enriched transcription factor, Foxa2, was found to be essential for hepatocyte revitalization. Overall, our findings indicate that the phenotype and transcriptional program of dHeps can be reprogrammed to generate functional and regenerative hepatocytes by using only small molecules, as an alternative approach to liver repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Plastech Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210043, China
| | - Yunfei Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Plastech Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210043, China
| | - Xinxin Nian
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jun Chi
- Plastech Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210043, China
| | - Tianzhe Chen
- Plastech Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210043, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Plastech Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210043, China
| | - Wenpeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Plastech Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210043, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Plastech Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210043, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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12
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Cooke JP, Lai L. Transflammation in tissue regeneration and response to injury: How cell-autonomous inflammatory signaling mediates cell plasticity. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 203:115118. [PMID: 37884127 PMCID: PMC10842620 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a first responder against injury and infection and is also critical for the regeneration and repair of tissue after injury. The role of professional immune cells in tissue healing is well characterized. Professional immune cells respond to pathogens with humoral and cytotoxic responses; remove cellular debris through efferocytosis; secrete angiogenic cytokines and growth factors to repair the microvasculature and parenchyma. However, non-immune cells are also capable of responding to damage or pathogens. Non-immune somatic cells express pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). The PRRs activation leads to the release of inflammatory cytokines required for tissue defense and repair. Notably, the activation of PRRs also triggers epigenetic changes that promote DNA accessibility and cellular plasticity. Thus, non-immune cells directly respond to the local inflammatory cues and can undergo phenotypic modifications or even cell lineage transitions to facilitate tissue regeneration. This review will focus on the novel role of cell-autonomous inflammatory signaling in mediating cell plasticity, a process which is termed transflammation. We will discuss the regulation of this process by changes in the functions and expression levels of epigenetic modifiers, as well as metabolic and ROS/RNS-mediated epigenetic modulation of DNA accessibility during cell fate transition. We will highlight the recent technological developments in detecting cell plasticity and potential therapeutic applications of transflammation in tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Cooke
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Li Lai
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States.
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13
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Chen C, Wang J, Liu C, Hu J, Liu L. Pioneering therapies for post-infarction angiogenesis: Insight into molecular mechanisms and preclinical studies. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115306. [PMID: 37572633 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (MI), despite significant progress in its treatment, remains a leading cause of chronic heart failure and cardiovascular events such as cardiac arrest. Promoting angiogenesis in the myocardial tissue after MI to restore blood flow in the ischemic and hypoxic tissue is considered an effective treatment strategy. The repair of the myocardial tissue post-MI involves a robust angiogenic response, with mechanisms involved including endothelial cell proliferation and migration, capillary growth, changes in the extracellular matrix, and stabilization of pericytes for neovascularization. In this review, we provide a detailed overview of six key pathways in angiogenesis post-MI: the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, the Notch signaling pathway, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, the Hippo signaling pathway, the Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway, and the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. We also discuss novel therapeutic approaches targeting these pathways, including drug therapy, gene therapy, protein therapy, cell therapy, and extracellular vesicle therapy. A comprehensive understanding of these key pathways and their targeted therapies will aid in our understanding of the pathological and physiological mechanisms of angiogenesis after MI and the development and application of new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Chao Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Lanchun Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
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14
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Li J, Li C, Liu W, Long X, Wang Z, Zhao R, Ge J, Shi B. ANNEXIN A2 FACILITATES NEOVASCULARIZATION TO PROTECT AGAINST MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION INJURY VIA INTERACTING WITH MACROPHAGE YAP AND ENDOTHELIAL INTEGRIN Β3. Shock 2023; 60:573-584. [PMID: 37832154 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cardiac macrophages with different polarization phenotypes regulate ventricular remodeling and neovascularization after myocardial infarction (MI). Annexin A2 (ANXA2) promotes macrophage polarization to the repair phenotype and regulates neovascularization. However, whether ANXA2 plays any role in post-MI remodeling and its underlying mechanism remains obscure. In this study, we observed that expression levels of ANXA2 were dynamically altered in mouse hearts upon MI and peaked on the second day post-MI. Using adeno-associated virus vector-mediated overexpression or silencing of ANXA2 in the heart, we also found that elevation of ANXA2 in the infarcted myocardium significantly improved cardiac function, reduced cardiac fibrosis, and promoted peri-infarct angiogenesis, compared with controls. By contrast, reduction of cardiac ANXA2 exhibited opposite effects. Furthermore, using in vitro coculture system, we found that ANXA2-engineered macrophages promoted cardiac microvascular endothelial cell (CMEC) proliferation, migration, and neovascularization. Mechanistically, we identified that ANXA2 interacted with yes-associated protein (YAP) in macrophages and skewed them toward pro-angiogenic phenotype by inhibiting YAP activity. In addition, ANXA2 directly interacted with integrin β3 in CMECs and enhanced their growth, migration, and tubule formation. Our results indicate that increased expression of ANXA2 could confer protection against MI-induced injury by promoting neovascularization in the infarcted area, partly through the inhibition of YAP in macrophages and activation of integrin β3 in endothelial cells. Our study provides new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of MI injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Chaofu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Xianping Long
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Zhenglong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Ranzun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
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Sanchez-Fernandez C, Rodriguez-Outeiriño L, Matias-Valiente L, Ramírez de Acuña F, Franco D, Aránega AE. Understanding Epicardial Cell Heterogeneity during Cardiogenesis and Heart Regeneration. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:376. [PMID: 37754805 PMCID: PMC10531887 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10090376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The outermost layer of the heart, the epicardium, is an essential cell population that contributes, through epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), to the formation of different cell types and provides paracrine signals to the developing heart. Despite its quiescent state during adulthood, the adult epicardium reactivates and recapitulates many aspects of embryonic cardiogenesis in response to cardiac injury, thereby supporting cardiac tissue remodeling. Thus, the epicardium has been considered a crucial source of cell progenitors that offers an important contribution to cardiac development and injured hearts. Although several studies have provided evidence regarding cell fate determination in the epicardium, to date, it is unclear whether epicardium-derived cells (EPDCs) come from specific, and predetermined, epicardial cell subpopulations or if they are derived from a common progenitor. In recent years, different approaches have been used to study cell heterogeneity within the epicardial layer using different experimental models. However, the data generated are still insufficient with respect to revealing the complexity of this epithelial layer. In this review, we summarize the previous works documenting the cellular composition, molecular signatures, and diversity within the developing and adult epicardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sanchez-Fernandez
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (C.S.-F.); (L.R.-O.); (L.M.-V.); (F.R.d.A.); (D.F.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Lara Rodriguez-Outeiriño
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (C.S.-F.); (L.R.-O.); (L.M.-V.); (F.R.d.A.); (D.F.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Lidia Matias-Valiente
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (C.S.-F.); (L.R.-O.); (L.M.-V.); (F.R.d.A.); (D.F.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Felicitas Ramírez de Acuña
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (C.S.-F.); (L.R.-O.); (L.M.-V.); (F.R.d.A.); (D.F.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (C.S.-F.); (L.R.-O.); (L.M.-V.); (F.R.d.A.); (D.F.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Amelia Eva Aránega
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (C.S.-F.); (L.R.-O.); (L.M.-V.); (F.R.d.A.); (D.F.)
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, 18016 Granada, Spain
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16
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Berkeley B, Tang MNH, Brittan M. Mechanisms regulating vascular and lymphatic regeneration in the heart after myocardial infarction. J Pathol 2023; 260:666-678. [PMID: 37272582 PMCID: PMC10953458 DOI: 10.1002/path.6093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction, caused by a thrombus or coronary vascular occlusion, leads to irreversible ischaemic injury. Advances in early reperfusion strategies have significantly reduced short-term mortality after myocardial infarction. However, survivors have an increased risk of developing heart failure, which confers a high risk of death at 1 year. The capacity of the injured neonatal mammalian heart to regenerate has stimulated extensive research into whether recapitulation of developmental regeneration programmes may be beneficial in adult cardiovascular disease. Restoration of functional blood and lymphatic vascular networks in the infarct and border regions via neovascularisation and lymphangiogenesis, respectively, is a key requirement to facilitate myocardial regeneration. An improved understanding of the endogenous mechanisms regulating coronary vascular and lymphatic expansion and function in development and in adult patients after myocardial infarction may inform future therapeutic strategies and improve translation from pre-clinical studies. In this review, we explore the underpinning research and key findings in the field of cardiovascular regeneration, with a focus on neovascularisation and lymphangiogenesis, and discuss the outcomes of therapeutic strategies employed to date. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronwyn Berkeley
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Michelle Nga Huen Tang
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Mairi Brittan
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
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17
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Zhuo D, Lei I, Li W, Liu L, Li L, Ni J, Liu Z, Fan G. The origin, progress, and application of cell-based cardiac regeneration therapy. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1732-1755. [PMID: 37334836 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become a severe threat to human health, with morbidity and mortality increasing yearly and gradually becoming younger. When the disease progresses to the middle and late stages, the loss of a large number of cardiomyocytes is irreparable to the body itself, and clinical drug therapy and mechanical support therapy cannot reverse the development of the disease. To explore the source of regenerated myocardium in model animals with the ability of heart regeneration through lineage tracing and other methods, and develop a new alternative therapy for CVDs, namely cell therapy. It directly compensates for cardiomyocyte proliferation through adult stem cell differentiation or cell reprogramming, which indirectly promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation through non-cardiomyocyte paracrine, to play a role in heart repair and regeneration. This review comprehensively summarizes the origin of newly generated cardiomyocytes, the research progress of cardiac regeneration based on cell therapy, the opportunity and development of cardiac regeneration in the context of bioengineering, and the clinical application of cell therapy in ischemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danping Zhuo
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ienglam Lei
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Wenjun Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyu Ni
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Guanwei Fan
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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18
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Liu X, Burke RM, Lighthouse JK, Baker CD, Dirkx RA, Kang B, Chakraborty Y, Mickelsen DM, Twardowski J, Mello SS, Ashton JM, Small EM. p53 Regulates the Extent of Fibroblast Proliferation and Fibrosis in Left Ventricle Pressure Overload. Circ Res 2023; 133:271-287. [PMID: 37409456 PMCID: PMC10361635 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.320324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiomyopathy is characterized by the pathological accumulation of resident cardiac fibroblasts that deposit ECM (extracellular matrix) and generate a fibrotic scar. However, the mechanisms that control the timing and extent of cardiac fibroblast proliferation and ECM production are not known, hampering the development of antifibrotic strategies to prevent heart failure. METHODS We used the Tcf21 (transcription factor 21)MerCreMer mouse line for fibroblast-specific lineage tracing and p53 (tumor protein p53) gene deletion. We characterized cardiac physiology and used single-cell RNA-sequencing and in vitro studies to investigate the p53-dependent mechanisms regulating cardiac fibroblast cell cycle and fibrosis in left ventricular pressure overload induced by transaortic constriction. RESULTS Cardiac fibroblast proliferation occurs primarily between days 7 and 14 following transaortic constriction in mice, correlating with alterations in p53-dependent gene expression. p53 deletion in fibroblasts led to a striking accumulation of Tcf21-lineage cardiac fibroblasts within the normal proliferative window and precipitated a robust fibrotic response to left ventricular pressure overload. However, excessive interstitial and perivascular fibrosis does not develop until after cardiac fibroblasts exit the cell cycle. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed p53 null fibroblasts unexpectedly express lower levels of genes encoding important ECM proteins while they exhibit an inappropriately proliferative phenotype. in vitro studies establish a role for p53 in suppressing the proliferative fibroblast phenotype, which facilitates the expression and secretion of ECM proteins. Importantly, Cdkn2a (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2a) expression and the p16Ink4a-retinoblastoma cell cycle control pathway is induced in p53 null cardiac fibroblasts, which may eventually contribute to cell cycle exit and fulminant scar formation. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals a mechanism regulating cardiac fibroblast accumulation and ECM secretion, orchestrated in part by p53-dependent cell cycle control that governs the timing and extent of fibrosis in left ventricular pressure overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Liu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Ryan M. Burke
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Janet K. Lighthouse
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
- Wegmans School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John Fisher College, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Cameron D. Baker
- Genomics Research Center, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Ronald A. Dirkx
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Brian Kang
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Yashoswini Chakraborty
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Deanne M. Mickelsen
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer Twardowski
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Stephano S. Mello
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - John M. Ashton
- Genomics Research Center, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Eric M. Small
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642
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19
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Zhao L, Lee AS, Sasagawa K, Sokol J, Wang Y, Ransom RC, Zhao X, Ma C, Steininger HM, Koepke LS, Borrelli MR, Brewer RE, Lee LL, Huang X, Ambrosi TH, Sinha R, Hoover MY, Seita J, Weissman IL, Wu JC, Wan DC, Xiao J, Longaker MT, Nguyen PK, Chan CK. A Combination of Distinct Vascular Stem/Progenitor Cells for Neovascularization and Ischemic Rescue. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:1262-1277. [PMID: 37051932 PMCID: PMC10281192 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.317943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral vascular disease remains a leading cause of vascular morbidity and mortality worldwide despite advances in medical and surgical therapy. Besides traditional approaches, which can only restore blood flow to native arteries, an alternative approach is to enhance the growth of new vessels, thereby facilitating the physiological response to ischemia. METHODS The ActinCreER/R26VT2/GK3 Rainbow reporter mouse was used for unbiased in vivo survey of injury-responsive vasculogenic clonal formation. Prospective isolation and transplantation were used to determine vessel-forming capacity of different populations. Single-cell RNA-sequencing was used to characterize distinct vessel-forming populations and their interactions. RESULTS Two populations of distinct vascular stem/progenitor cells (VSPCs) were identified from adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells: VSPC1 is CD45-Ter119-Tie2+PDGFRa-CD31+CD105highSca1low, which gives rise to stunted vessels (incomplete tubular structures) in a transplant setting, and VSPC2 which is CD45-Ter119-Tie2+PDGFRa+CD31-CD105lowSca1high and forms stunted vessels and fat. Interestingly, cotransplantation of VSPC1 and VSPC2 is required to form functional vessels that improve perfusion in the mouse hindlimb ischemia model. Similarly, VSPC1 and VSPC2 populations isolated from human adipose tissue could rescue the ischemic condition in mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that autologous cotransplantation of synergistic VSPCs from nonessential adipose tissue can promote neovascularization and represents a promising treatment for ischemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Zhao
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., X.Z., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., R.E.B., L.Y.L., T.H.A., R.S., M.Y.H., I.L.W., J.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., L.L.Y.L., T.H.A., D.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (L.Z., Y.W., J.X.)
| | - Andrew S. Lee
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, China (A.S.L.)
- Institute for Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, China (A.S.L.)
| | - Koki Sasagawa
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (K.S., J.S., X.Z., X.H., J.C.W., M.T.L., P.K.N., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (K.S., J.S., X.Z., X.H., J.C.W., P.K.N.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Jan Sokol
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (K.S., J.S., X.Z., X.H., J.C.W., M.T.L., P.K.N., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (K.S., J.S., X.Z., X.H., J.C.W., P.K.N.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Center for Integrative Medical Sciences and Advanced Data Science Project, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan (J.S.)
| | - Yuting Wang
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., X.Z., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., R.E.B., L.Y.L., T.H.A., R.S., M.Y.H., I.L.W., J.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., L.L.Y.L., T.H.A., D.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (L.Z., Y.W., J.X.)
| | - Ryan C. Ransom
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., X.Z., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., R.E.B., L.Y.L., T.H.A., R.S., M.Y.H., I.L.W., J.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., L.L.Y.L., T.H.A., D.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Xin Zhao
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., X.Z., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., R.E.B., L.Y.L., T.H.A., R.S., M.Y.H., I.L.W., J.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (K.S., J.S., X.Z., X.H., J.C.W., M.T.L., P.K.N., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (K.S., J.S., X.Z., X.H., J.C.W., P.K.N.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Chao Ma
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., X.Z., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., R.E.B., L.Y.L., T.H.A., R.S., M.Y.H., I.L.W., J.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., L.L.Y.L., T.H.A., D.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Holly M. Steininger
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., X.Z., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., R.E.B., L.Y.L., T.H.A., R.S., M.Y.H., I.L.W., J.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., L.L.Y.L., T.H.A., D.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Lauren S. Koepke
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., X.Z., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., R.E.B., L.Y.L., T.H.A., R.S., M.Y.H., I.L.W., J.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., L.L.Y.L., T.H.A., D.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Mimi R. Borrelli
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., X.Z., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., R.E.B., L.Y.L., T.H.A., R.S., M.Y.H., I.L.W., J.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Rachel E. Brewer
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., X.Z., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., R.E.B., L.Y.L., T.H.A., R.S., M.Y.H., I.L.W., J.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Lorene L.Y. Lee
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., X.Z., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., R.E.B., L.Y.L., T.H.A., R.S., M.Y.H., I.L.W., J.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., L.L.Y.L., T.H.A., D.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Xianxi Huang
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (K.S., J.S., X.Z., X.H., J.C.W., M.T.L., P.K.N., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (K.S., J.S., X.Z., X.H., J.C.W., P.K.N.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Thomas H. Ambrosi
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., X.Z., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., R.E.B., L.Y.L., T.H.A., R.S., M.Y.H., I.L.W., J.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., L.L.Y.L., T.H.A., D.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Rahul Sinha
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., X.Z., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., R.E.B., L.Y.L., T.H.A., R.S., M.Y.H., I.L.W., J.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Malachia Y. Hoover
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., X.Z., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., R.E.B., L.Y.L., T.H.A., R.S., M.Y.H., I.L.W., J.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Jun Seita
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., X.Z., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., R.E.B., L.Y.L., T.H.A., R.S., M.Y.H., I.L.W., J.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., L.L.Y.L., T.H.A., D.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (K.S., J.S., X.Z., X.H., J.C.W., M.T.L., P.K.N., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (K.S., J.S., X.Z., X.H., J.C.W., P.K.N.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Developmental Biology (I.L.W., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (L.Z., Y.W., J.X.)
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, China (A.S.L.)
- Institute for Cancer Research, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, China (A.S.L.)
- Center for Integrative Medical Sciences and Advanced Data Science Project, RIKEN, Tokyo, Japan (J.S.)
| | - Irving L. Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., X.Z., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., R.E.B., L.Y.L., T.H.A., R.S., M.Y.H., I.L.W., J.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Developmental Biology (I.L.W., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Joseph C. Wu
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., X.Z., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., R.E.B., L.Y.L., T.H.A., R.S., M.Y.H., I.L.W., J.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (K.S., J.S., X.Z., X.H., J.C.W., M.T.L., P.K.N., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (K.S., J.S., X.Z., X.H., J.C.W., P.K.N.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Derrick C. Wan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., L.L.Y.L., T.H.A., D.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (L.Z., Y.W., J.X.)
| | - Michael T. Longaker
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., X.Z., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., R.E.B., L.Y.L., T.H.A., R.S., M.Y.H., I.L.W., J.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., L.L.Y.L., T.H.A., D.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Patricia K. Nguyen
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (K.S., J.S., X.Z., X.H., J.C.W., M.T.L., P.K.N., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (K.S., J.S., X.Z., X.H., J.C.W., P.K.N.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Charles K.F. Chan
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., X.Z., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., R.E.B., L.Y.L., T.H.A., R.S., M.Y.H., I.L.W., J.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (L.Z., Y.W., R.C.R., C.M., H.M.S., L.S.K., M.R.B., L.L.Y.L., T.H.A., D.C.W., M.T.L., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
- Department of Developmental Biology (I.L.W., C.K.F.C.), Stanford University School of Medicine, CA
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20
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Sarkaria SM, Zhou J, Bao S, Zhao W, Fang Y, Que J, Bhagat G, Zhang C, Ding L. Systematic dissection of coordinated stromal remodeling identifies Sox10 + glial cells as a therapeutic target in myelofibrosis. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:832-850.e6. [PMID: 37267917 PMCID: PMC10240254 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Remodeling of the tissue niche is often evident in diseases, yet, the stromal alterations and their contribution to pathogenesis are poorly characterized. Bone marrow fibrosis is a maladaptive feature of primary myelofibrosis (PMF). We performed lineage tracing and found that most collagen-expressing myofibroblasts were derived from leptin-receptor-positive (LepR+) mesenchymal cells, whereas a minority were from Gli1-lineage cells. Deletion of Gli1 did not impact PMF. Unbiased single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) confirmed that virtually all myofibroblasts originated from LepR-lineage cells, with reduced expression of hematopoietic niche factors and increased expression of fibrogenic factors. Concurrently, endothelial cells upregulated arteriolar-signature genes. Pericytes and Sox10+ glial cells expanded drastically with heightened cell-cell signaling, suggesting important functional roles in PMF. Chemical or genetic ablation of bone marrow glial cells ameliorated fibrosis and improved other pathology in PMF. Thus, PMF involves complex remodeling of the bone marrow microenvironment, and glial cells represent a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn M Sarkaria
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Junsong Zhou
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Suying Bao
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Wenqi Zhao
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yinshan Fang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jianwen Que
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Govind Bhagat
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Chaolin Zhang
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Lei Ding
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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21
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Yu B, Li H, Zhang Z, Chen P, Wang L, Fan X, Ning X, Pan Y, Zhou F, Hu X, Chang J, Ou C. Extracellular vesicles engineering by silicates-activated endothelial progenitor cells for myocardial infarction treatment in male mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2094. [PMID: 37055411 PMCID: PMC10102163 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37832-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles have shown good potential in disease treatments including ischemic injury such as myocardial infarction. However, the efficient production of highly active extracellular vesicles is one of the critical limitations for their clinical applications. Here, we demonstrate a biomaterial-based approach to prepare high amounts of extracellular vesicles with high bioactivity from endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) by stimulation with silicate ions derived from bioactive silicate ceramics. We further show that hydrogel microspheres containing engineered extracellular vesicles are highly effective in the treatment of myocardial infarction in male mice by significantly enhancing angiogenesis. This therapeutic effect is attributed to significantly enhanced revascularization by the high content of miR-126a-3p and angiogenic factors such as VEGF and SDF-1, CXCR4 and eNOS in engineered extracellular vesicles, which not only activate endothelial cells but also recruit EPCs from the circulatory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- The 10th Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, 510280, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510280, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hekai Li
- Department of Cardiology and Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaowenbin Zhang
- Wenzhou Institute, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 325000, Wenzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Super fine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China
| | - Peier Chen
- Department of Cardiology and Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Biomaterials Research Center, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianglin Fan
- Department of Cardiology and Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Ning
- The 10th Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, 510280, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxuan Pan
- The 10th Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, 510280, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feiran Zhou
- Department of Cardiology and Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Hu
- Department of Cardiology and Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Chang
- The 10th Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, 510280, Guangzhou, China.
- Wenzhou Institute, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Tissue Repair Materials, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 325000, Wenzhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Super fine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200050, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
- Joint Centre of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Caiwen Ou
- The 10th Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, 510280, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510280, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Cardiology and Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China.
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22
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Cai X, Han M, Lou F, Sun Y, Yin Q, Sun L, Wang Z, Li X, Zhou H, Xu Z, Wang H, Deng S, Zheng X, Zhang T, Li Q, Zhou B, Wang H. Tenascin C + papillary fibroblasts facilitate neuro-immune interaction in a mouse model of psoriasis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2004. [PMID: 37037861 PMCID: PMC10086024 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37798-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dermal fibroblasts and cutaneous nerves are important players in skin diseases, while their reciprocal roles during skin inflammation have not been characterized. Here we identify an inflammation-induced subset of papillary fibroblasts that promotes aberrant neurite outgrowth and psoriasiform skin inflammation by secreting the extracellular matrix protein tenascin-C (TNC). Single-cell analysis of fibroblast lineages reveals a Tnc+ papillary fibroblast subset with pro-axonogenesis and neuro-regulation transcriptomic hallmarks. TNC overexpression in fibroblasts boosts neurite outgrowth in co-cultured neurons, while fibroblast-specific TNC ablation suppresses hyperinnervation and alleviates skin inflammation in male mice modeling psoriasis. Dermal γδT cells, the main producers of type 17 pathogenic cytokines, frequently contact nerve fibers in mouse psoriasiform lesions and are likely modulated by postsynaptic signals. Overall, our results highlight the role of an inflammation-responsive fibroblast subset in facilitating neuro-immune synapse formation and suggest potential avenues for future therapeutic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Cai
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Maoying Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Fangzhou Lou
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Qianqian Yin
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Libo Sun
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Zhikai Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiangxiao Li
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Zhenyao Xu
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Siyu Deng
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xichen Zheng
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Taiyu Zhang
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Qun Li
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Honglin Wang
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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23
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Wang Y, Dong Y, Zhang W, Wang Y, Jao Y, Liu J, Zhang M, He H. AMPK/mTOR/p70S6K axis prevents apoptosis of Porphyromonas gingivalis-infected gingival epithelial cells via Bad Ser136 phosphorylation. Apoptosis 2023:10.1007/s10495-023-01839-z. [PMID: 37014579 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01839-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial disruption is the initiation of most infectious disease. Regulation of epithelium apoptosis may play a key role in balance the survival competition between resident bacteria and host cells. The role of the mTOR/p70S6K pathway in preventing apoptosis of human gingival epithelial cells (hGECs) infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) was investigated in order to further understand the survival strategy of the epithelial cells in during Pg infecting. hGECs was challenged with Pg for 4, 12, and 24 h. Additionally, hGECs was pretreated with LY294002 (PI3K signaling inhibitor) or Compound C (AMPK inhibitor) for 12 h and exposed them to Pg for 24 h. Subsequently, apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry, and expression and activity of Bcl-2, Bad, Bax, PI3K, AKT, AMPK, mTOR, and p70S6K proteins were analyzed using western blotting. Pg-infecting did not increase apoptosis of hGECs; but the expression ratio of Bad to Bcl-2 was increased after infecting. In contrast, BadSer136 phosphorylation was promoted, accompanied by a significant reduction of mTOR/p70S6K and PI3K/AKT signaling, along with the upregulation of AMPKThr172 signaling. Morrover, the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 promoted Pg-mediated reduction of mTOR/p70S6K expression, and the increase of AMPK signaling and BadSer136 phosphorylation rate, eventually decreasing apoptosis. While Compound C inhibited Pg-mediated activation of AMPK and downregulation of mTOR/p70S6K signaling, significantly reduced the BadSer136 phosphorylation rate, thereby increasing apoptosis. Thus, hGECs prevent apoptosis via an inherent cellular-homeostasis, pro-survival mechanism during Pg infection, the AMPK/mTOR/p70S6K pathway helps prevent apoptosis in hGECs infected with Pg by regulating BadSer136 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchun Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilong Dong
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- Department of Periodontitis, Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Xiangya Medical School, Central South University Hainan Provincial Stomatology Centre, Haikou, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmei Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Jao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhu Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbing He
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Han M, Liu Z, Liu L, Huang X, Wang H, Pu W, Wang E, Liu X, Li Y, He L, Li X, Wu J, Qiu L, Shen R, Wang QD, Ji Y, Ardehali R, Shu Q, Lui KO, Wang L, Zhou B. Dual genetic tracing reveals a unique fibroblast subpopulation modulating cardiac fibrosis. Nat Genet 2023; 55:665-678. [PMID: 36959363 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01337-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
After severe heart injury, fibroblasts are activated and proliferate excessively to form scarring, leading to decreased cardiac function and eventually heart failure. It is unknown, however, whether cardiac fibroblasts are heterogeneous with respect to their degree of activation, proliferation and function during cardiac fibrosis. Here, using dual recombinase-mediated genetic lineage tracing, we find that endocardium-derived fibroblasts preferentially proliferate and expand in response to pressure overload. Fibroblast-specific proliferation tracing revealed highly regional expansion of activated fibroblasts after injury, whose pattern mirrors that of endocardium-derived fibroblast distribution in the heart. Specific ablation of endocardium-derived fibroblasts alleviates cardiac fibrosis and reduces the decline of heart function after pressure overload injury. Mechanistically, Wnt signaling promotes activation and expansion of endocardium-derived fibroblasts during cardiac remodeling. Our study identifies endocardium-derived fibroblasts as a key fibroblast subpopulation accounting for severe cardiac fibrosis after pressure overload injury and as a potential therapeutic target against cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoying Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zixin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuzhen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Haixiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Enci Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingjuan He
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xufeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Wu
- Chinese Aacademy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Qiu
- Chinese Aacademy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruling Shen
- Shanghai Laboratory Animal Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Dong Wang
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yong Ji
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Reza Ardehali
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qiang Shu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiaovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kathy O Lui
- Department of Chemical Pathology and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shenzhen, China.
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25
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Peng YJ, Tang XT, Shu HS, Dong W, Shao H, Zhou BO. Sertoli cells are the source of stem cell factor for spermatogenesis. Development 2023; 150:297262. [PMID: 36861441 PMCID: PMC10112922 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Several cell types have been proposed to create the required microenvironment for spermatogenesis. However, expression patterns of the key growth factors produced by these somatic cells have not been systematically studied and no such factor has been conditionally deleted from its primary source(s), raising the question of which cell type(s) are the physiological sources of these growth factors. Here, using single-cell RNA sequencing and a series of fluorescent reporter mice, we found that stem cell factor (Scf), one of the essential growth factors for spermatogenesis, was broadly expressed in testicular stromal cells, including Sertoli, endothelial, Leydig, smooth muscle and Tcf21-CreER+ stromal cells. Both undifferentiated and differentiating spermatogonia were associated with Scf-expressing Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubule. Conditional deletion of Scf from Sertoli cells, but not any other Scf-expressing cells, blocked the differentiation of spermatogonia, leading to complete male infertility. Conditional overexpression of Scf in Sertoli cells, but not endothelial cells, significantly increased spermatogenesis. Our data reveal the importance of anatomical localization for Sertoli cells in regulating spermatogenesis and that SCF produced specifically by Sertoli cells is essential for spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jacky Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Thomas Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Sophie Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongfang Shao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo O Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, People's Republic of China
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26
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Rai V, Moellmer R, Agrawal DK. Role of fibroblast plasticity and heterogeneity in modulating angiogenesis and healing in the diabetic foot ulcer. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:1913-1929. [PMID: 36528662 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08107-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Chronic diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are an important clinical issue faced by clinicians despite the advanced treatment strategies consisting of wound debridement, off-loading, medication, wound dressings, and keeping the ulcer clean. Non-healing DFUs are associated with the risk of amputation, increased morbidity and mortality, and economic stress. Neo-angiogenesis and granulation tissue formation are necessary for physiological DFU healing and acute inflammation play a key role in healing. However, chronic inflammation in association with diabetic complications holds the ulcer in the inflammatory phase without progressing to the resolution phase contributing to non-healing. Fibroblasts acquiring myofibroblasts phenotype contribute to granulation tissue formation and angiogenesis. However, recent studies suggest the presence of five subtypes of fibroblast population and of changing density in non-healing DFUs. Further, the association of fibroblast plasticity and heterogeneity with wound healing suggests that the switch in fibroblast phenotype may affect wound healing. The fibroblast phenotype shift and altered function may be due to the presence of chronic inflammation or a diabetic wound microenvironment. This review focuses on the role of fibroblast plasticity and heterogeneity, the effect of hyperglycemia and inflammatory cytokines on fibroblasts, and the interaction of fibroblasts with other cells in diabetic wound microenvironment in the perspective of DFU healing. Next, we summarize secretory, angiogenic, and angiostatic phenotypes of fibroblast which have been discussed in other organ systems but not in relation to DFUs followed by the perspective on the role of their phenotypes in promoting angiogenesis in DFUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, 91766, Pomona, CA, USA.
| | - Rebecca Moellmer
- College of Podiatric Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, 91766, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, 91766, Pomona, CA, USA
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27
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Genetic lineage tracing identifies cardiac mesenchymal-to-adipose transition in an arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy model. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:51-66. [PMID: 36322324 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2176-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is one of the most common inherited cardiomyopathies, characterized by progressive fibrofatty replacement in the myocardium. However, the cellular origin of cardiac adipocytes in ACM remains largely unknown. Unraveling the cellular source of cardiac adipocytes in ACM would elucidate the underlying pathological process and provide a potential target for therapy. Herein, we generated an ACM mouse model by inactivating desmosomal gene desmoplakin in cardiomyocytes; and examined the adipogenic fates of several cell types in the disease model. The results showed that SOX9+, PDGFRa+, and PDGFRb+ mesenchymal cells, but not cardiomyocytes or smooth muscle cells, contribute to the intramyocardial adipocytes in the ACM model. Mechanistically, Bmp4 was highly expressed in the ACM mouse heart and functionally promoted cardiac mesenchymal-to-adipose transition in vitro.
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28
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Wakabayashi T, Naito H. Cellular heterogeneity and stem cells of vascular endothelial cells in blood vessel formation and homeostasis: Insights from single-cell RNA sequencing. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1146399. [PMID: 37025170 PMCID: PMC10070846 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1146399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) that constitute the inner surface of blood vessels are essential for new vessel formation and organ homeostasis. ECs display remarkable phenotypic heterogeneity across different organs and the vascular tree during angiogenesis and homeostasis. Recent advances in single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technologies have allowed a new understanding of EC heterogeneity in both mice and humans. In particular, scRNA-seq has identified new molecular signatures for arterial, venous and capillary ECs in different organs, as well as previously unrecognized specialized EC subtypes, such as the aerocytes localized in the alveolar capillaries of the lung. scRNA-seq has also revealed the gene expression profiles of specialized tissue-resident EC subtypes that are capable of clonal expansion and contribute to adult angiogenesis, a process of new vessel formation from the pre-existing vasculature. These specialized tissue-resident ECs have been identified in various different mouse tissues, including aortic endothelium, liver, heart, lung, skin, skeletal muscle, retina, choroid, and brain. Transcription factors and signaling pathways have also been identified in the specialized tissue-resident ECs that control angiogenesis. Furthermore, scRNA-seq has also documented responses of ECs in diseases such as cancer, age-related macular degeneration, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis, and myocardial infarction. These new findings revealed by scRNA-seq have the potential to provide new therapeutic targets for different diseases associated with blood vessels. In this article, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of the vascular endothelial cell heterogeneity and endothelial stem cells associated with angiogenesis and homeostasis in mice and humans, and we discuss future prospects for the application of scRNA-seq technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Wakabayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Taku Wakabayashi, ; Hisamichi Naito,
| | - Hisamichi Naito
- Department of Vascular Physiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
- *Correspondence: Taku Wakabayashi, ; Hisamichi Naito,
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29
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Gong X, Sun S, Yang Y, Huang X, Gao X, Jin A, Xu H, Wang X, Liu Y, Liu J, Dai Q, Jiang L. Osteoblastic STAT3 Is Crucial for Orthodontic Force Driving Alveolar Bone Remodeling and Tooth Movement. J Bone Miner Res 2023; 38:214-227. [PMID: 36370067 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical force is essential to shape the internal architecture and external form of the skeleton by regulating the bone remodeling process. However, the underlying mechanism of how the bone responds to mechanical force remains elusive. Here, we generated both orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) model in vivo and a cyclic stretch-loading model in vitro to investigate biomechanical regulation of the alveolar bone. In this study, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was screened as one of the mechanosensitive proteins by protein array analysis of cyclic stretch-loaded bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and was also proven to be activated in osteoblasts in response to the mechanical force during OTM. With an inducible osteoblast linage-specific Stat3 knockout model, we found that Stat3 deletion decelerated the OTM rate and reduced orthodontic force-induced bone remodeling, as indicated by both decreased bone resorption and formation. Both genetic deletion and pharmacological inhibition of STAT3 in BMSCs directly inhibited mechanical force-induced osteoblast differentiation and impaired osteoclast formation via osteoblast-osteoclast cross-talk under mechanical force loading. According to RNA-seq analysis of Stat3-deleted BMSCs under mechanical force, matrix metalloproteinase 3 (Mmp3) was screened and predicted to be a downstream target of STAT3. The luciferase and ChIP assays identified that Stat3 could bind to the Mmp3 promotor and upregulate its transcription activity. Furthermore, STAT3-inhibitor decelerated tooth movement through inhibition of the bone resorption activity, as well as MMP3 expression. In summary, our study identified the mechanosensitive characteristics of STAT3 in osteoblasts and highlighted its critical role in force-induced bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement via osteoblast-osteoclast cross-talk. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Gong
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyuan Sun
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiling Yang
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangru Huang
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Anting Jin
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyuan Xu
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xijun Wang
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanqi Liu
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinggang Dai
- The 2nd Dental Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyong Jiang
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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30
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Wang T, Chen X, Wang K, Ju J, Yu X, Wang S, Liu C, Wang K. Cre-loxP-mediated genetic lineage tracing: Unraveling cell fate and origin in the developing heart. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1085629. [PMID: 36923960 PMCID: PMC10008892 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1085629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The Cre-loxP-mediated genetic lineage tracing system is essential for constructing the fate mapping of single-cell progeny or cell populations. Understanding the structural hierarchy of cardiac progenitor cells facilitates unraveling cell fate and origin issues in cardiac development. Several prospective Cre-loxP-based lineage-tracing systems have been used to analyze precisely the fate determination and developmental characteristics of endocardial cells (ECs), epicardial cells, and cardiomyocytes. Therefore, emerging lineage-tracing techniques advance the study of cardiovascular-related cellular plasticity. In this review, we illustrate the principles and methods of the emerging Cre-loxP-based genetic lineage tracing technology for trajectory monitoring of distinct cell lineages in the heart. The comprehensive demonstration of the differentiation process of single-cell progeny using genetic lineage tracing technology has made outstanding contributions to cardiac development and homeostasis, providing new therapeutic strategies for tissue regeneration in congenital and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinzhe Chen
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Ju
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xue Yu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shaocong Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Cuiyun Liu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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31
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Knight-Schrijver VR, Davaapil H, Bayraktar S, Ross ADB, Kanemaru K, Cranley J, Dabrowska M, Patel M, Polanski K, He X, Vallier L, Teichmann S, Gambardella L, Sinha S. A single-cell comparison of adult and fetal human epicardium defines the age-associated changes in epicardial activity. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2022; 1:1215-1229. [PMID: 36938497 PMCID: PMC7614330 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-022-00183-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Re-activating quiescent adult epicardium represents a potential therapeutic approach for human cardiac regeneration. However, the exact molecular differences between inactive adult and active fetal epicardium are not known. In this study, we combined fetal and adult human hearts using single-cell and single-nuclei RNA sequencing and compared epicardial cells from both stages. We found that a migratory fibroblast-like epicardial population only in the fetal heart and fetal epicardium expressed angiogenic gene programs, whereas the adult epicardium was solely mesothelial and immune responsive. Furthermore, we predicted that adult hearts may still receive fetal epicardial paracrine communication, including WNT signaling with endocardium, reinforcing the validity of regenerative strategies that administer or reactivate epicardial cells in situ. Finally, we explained graft efficacy of our human embryonic stem-cell-derived epicardium model by noting its similarity to human fetal epicardium. Overall, our study defines epicardial programs of regenerative angiogenesis absent in adult hearts, contextualizes animal studies and defines epicardial states required for effective human heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent R. Knight-Schrijver
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hongorzul Davaapil
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Semih Bayraktar
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alexander D. B. Ross
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - James Cranley
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Monika Dabrowska
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Minal Patel
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Xiaoling He
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ludovic Vallier
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), BIH Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Teichmann
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Laure Gambardella
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
- These authors jointly supervised this work: Laure Gambardella, Sanjay Sinha
| | - Sanjay Sinha
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- These authors jointly supervised this work: Laure Gambardella, Sanjay Sinha
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Hu H, Ma T, Liu N, Hong H, Yu L, Lyu D, Meng X, Wang B, Jiang X. Immunotherapy checkpoints in ovarian cancer vasculogenic mimicry: Tumor immune microenvironments, and drugs. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109116. [PMID: 35969899 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Vasculogenic mimicry (VM), a vessel-like structure independent of endothelial cells, commonly exists in solid tumors which requires blood vessels to grow. As a special source of blood supply for tumor progression to a more aggressive state, VM has been observed in a variety of human malignant tumors and is tightly associated with tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and poor patient prognosis. So far, various factors, including immune cells and cytokines, were reported to regulate ovarian cancer progression by influencing VM formation. Herein, we review the mechanisms that regulate VM formation in ovarian cancer and the effect of cells, cytokines, and signaling molecules in the tumor microenvironment on VM formation, Furthermore, we summarize the current clinical application of drugs targeting VM formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Hu
- Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang 110042, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Ting Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Nanqi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Hong Hong
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Lujiao Yu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Dantong Lyu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Xin Meng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Biao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang 110122, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Xuefeng Jiang
- Department of Immunology, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China.
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Pei J, Cai L, Wang F, Xu C, Pei S, Guo H, Sun X, Chun J, Cong X, Zhu W, Zheng Z, Chen X. LPA 2 Contributes to Vascular Endothelium Homeostasis and Cardiac Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction. Circ Res 2022; 131:388-403. [PMID: 35920162 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.321036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most dangerous adverse cardiovascular events. Our previous study found that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is increased in human peripheral blood after MI, and LPA has a protective effect on the survival and proliferation of various cell types. However, the role of LPA and its receptors in MI is less understood. OBJECTIVES To study the unknown role of LPA and its receptors in heart during MI. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we found that mice also had elevated LPA level in peripheral blood, as well as increased cardiac expression of its receptor LPA2 in the early stages after MI. With adult and neonate MI models in global Lpar2 knockout (Lpar2-KO) mice, we found Lpar2 deficiency increased vascular leak leading to disruption of its homeostasis, so as to impaired heart function and increased early mortality. Histological examination revealed larger scar size, increased fibrosis, and reduced vascular density in the heart of Lpar2-KO mice. Furthermore, Lpar2-KO also attenuated blood flow recovery after femoral artery ligation with decreased vascular density in gastrocnemius. Our study revealed that Lpar2 was mainly expressed and altered in cardiac endothelial cells during MI, and use of endothelial-specific Lpar2 knockout mice phenocopied the global knockout mice. Additionally, adenovirus-Lpar2 and pharmacologically activated LPA2 significantly improved heart function, reduced scar size, increased vascular formation, and alleviated early mortality by maintaining vascular homeostasis owing to protecting vessels from leakage. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that LPA-LPA2 signaling could promote endothelial cell proliferation through PI3K-Akt/PLC-Raf1-Erk pathway and enhanced endothelial cell tube formation via PKD1-CD36 signaling. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that endothelial LPA-LPA2 signaling promotes angiogenesis and maintains vascular homeostasis, which is vital for restoring blood flow and repairing tissue function in ischemic injuries. Targeting LPA-LPA2 signal might have clinical therapeutic potential to protect the heart from ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiu Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease (J.P., L.C., C.X., S.P., X.C., Z.Z.), Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Fuwai Central-China Hospital, Central-China Branch of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, China (J.P., Z.Z.)
| | - Lin Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease (J.P., L.C., C.X., S.P., X.C., Z.Z.), Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, China (L.C.)
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Center of Laboratory Medicine (F.W., X. Cong, X. Chen), Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chuansheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease (J.P., L.C., C.X., S.P., X.C., Z.Z.), Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shengqiang Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease (J.P., L.C., C.X., S.P., X.C., Z.Z.), Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (H.G., X.S., Z.Z.), Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaogang Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (H.G., X.S., Z.Z.), Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jerold Chun
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA (J.C.)
| | - Xiangfeng Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Center of Laboratory Medicine (F.W., X. Cong, X. Chen), Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weiquan Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Program in Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (W.Z.)
| | - Zhe Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (H.G., X.S., Z.Z.), Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Fuwai Central-China Hospital, Central-China Branch of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou, China (J.P., Z.Z.)
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease (J.P., L.C., C.X., S.P., X.C., Z.Z.), Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Center of Laboratory Medicine (F.W., X. Cong, X. Chen), Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Zhang YG, Liu XX, Zong JC, Zhang YTJ, Dong R, Wang N, Ma ZH, Li L, Wang SL, Mu YL, Wang SS, Liu ZM, Han LW. Investigation Driven by Network Pharmacology on Potential Components and Mechanism of DGS, a Natural Vasoprotective Combination, for the Phytotherapy of Coronary Artery Disease. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134075. [PMID: 35807320 PMCID: PMC9268537 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytotherapy offers obvious advantages in the intervention of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), but it is difficult to clarify the working mechanisms of the medicinal materials it uses. DGS is a natural vasoprotective combination that was screened out in our previous research, yet its potential components and mechanisms are unknown. Therefore, in this study, HPLC-MS and network pharmacology were employed to identify the active components and key signaling pathways of DGS. Transgenic zebrafish and HUVECs cell assays were used to evaluate the effectiveness of DGS. A total of 37 potentially active compounds were identified that interacted with 112 potential targets of CAD. Furthermore, PI3K-Akt, MAPK, relaxin, VEGF, and other signal pathways were determined to be the most promising DGS-mediated pathways. NO kit, ELISA, and Western blot results showed that DGS significantly promoted NO and VEGFA secretion via the upregulation of VEGFR2 expression and the phosphorylation of Akt, Erk1/2, and eNOS to cause angiogenesis and vasodilation. The result of dynamics molecular docking indicated that Salvianolic acid C may be a key active component of DGS in the treatment of CAD. In conclusion, this study has shed light on the network molecular mechanism of DGS for the intervention of CAD using a network pharmacology-driven strategy for the first time to aid in the intervention of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Gang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China; (Y.-G.Z.); (X.-X.L.); (Y.-T.-J.Z.); (R.D.); (N.W.); (Z.-H.M.); (Y.-L.M.); (S.-S.W.)
| | - Xia-Xia Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China; (Y.-G.Z.); (X.-X.L.); (Y.-T.-J.Z.); (R.D.); (N.W.); (Z.-H.M.); (Y.-L.M.); (S.-S.W.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Jian-Cheng Zong
- Chenland Research Institute, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (J.-C.Z.); (L.L.); (S.-L.W.)
| | - Yang-Teng-Jiao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China; (Y.-G.Z.); (X.-X.L.); (Y.-T.-J.Z.); (R.D.); (N.W.); (Z.-H.M.); (Y.-L.M.); (S.-S.W.)
| | - Rong Dong
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China; (Y.-G.Z.); (X.-X.L.); (Y.-T.-J.Z.); (R.D.); (N.W.); (Z.-H.M.); (Y.-L.M.); (S.-S.W.)
| | - Na Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China; (Y.-G.Z.); (X.-X.L.); (Y.-T.-J.Z.); (R.D.); (N.W.); (Z.-H.M.); (Y.-L.M.); (S.-S.W.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Ma
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China; (Y.-G.Z.); (X.-X.L.); (Y.-T.-J.Z.); (R.D.); (N.W.); (Z.-H.M.); (Y.-L.M.); (S.-S.W.)
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Li Li
- Chenland Research Institute, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (J.-C.Z.); (L.L.); (S.-L.W.)
| | - Shang-Long Wang
- Chenland Research Institute, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (J.-C.Z.); (L.L.); (S.-L.W.)
| | - Yan-Ling Mu
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China; (Y.-G.Z.); (X.-X.L.); (Y.-T.-J.Z.); (R.D.); (N.W.); (Z.-H.M.); (Y.-L.M.); (S.-S.W.)
| | - Song-Song Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China; (Y.-G.Z.); (X.-X.L.); (Y.-T.-J.Z.); (R.D.); (N.W.); (Z.-H.M.); (Y.-L.M.); (S.-S.W.)
| | - Zi-Min Liu
- Chenland Nutritionals Inc., Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Correspondence: (Z.-M.L.); (L.-W.H.)
| | - Li-Wen Han
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250000, China; (Y.-G.Z.); (X.-X.L.); (Y.-T.-J.Z.); (R.D.); (N.W.); (Z.-H.M.); (Y.-L.M.); (S.-S.W.)
- Correspondence: (Z.-M.L.); (L.-W.H.)
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Bhattacharyya A, Torre P, Yadav P, Boostanpour K, Chen TY, Tsukui T, Sheppard D, Muramatsu R, Seed RI, Nishimura SL, Jung JB, Tang XZ, Allen CDC, Bhattacharya M. Macrophage Cx43 Is Necessary for Fibroblast Cytosolic Calcium and Lung Fibrosis After Injury. Front Immunol 2022; 13:880887. [PMID: 35634278 PMCID: PMC9134074 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.880887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are paracrine signalers that regulate tissular responses to injury through interactions with parenchymal cells. Connexin hemichannels have recently been shown to mediate efflux of ATP by macrophages, with resulting cytosolic calcium responses in adjacent cells. Here we report that lung macrophages with deletion of connexin 43 (MacΔCx43) had decreased ATP efflux into the extracellular space and induced a decreased cytosolic calcium response in co-cultured fibroblasts compared to WT macrophages. Furthermore, MacΔCx43 mice had decreased lung fibrosis after bleomycin-induced injury. Interrogating single cell data for human and mouse, we found that P2rx4 was the most highly expressed ATP receptor and calcium channel in lung fibroblasts and that its expression was increased in the setting of fibrosis. Fibroblast-specific deletion of P2rx4 in mice decreased lung fibrosis and collagen expression in lung fibroblasts in the bleomycin model. Taken together, these studies reveal a Cx43-dependent profibrotic effect of lung macrophages and support development of fibroblast P2rx4 as a therapeutic target for lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Bhattacharyya
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Paola Torre
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Preeti Yadav
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Kaveh Boostanpour
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Tian Y. Chen
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Tatsuya Tsukui
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Dean Sheppard
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Rieko Muramatsu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Robert I. Seed
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Stephen L. Nishimura
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - James B. Jung
- Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Xin-Zi Tang
- Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Christopher D. C. Allen
- Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Mallar Bhattacharya
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Programmed Cell Death of Endothelial Cells in Myocardial Infarction and Its Potential Therapeutic Strategy. Cardiol Res Pract 2022; 2022:6558060. [PMID: 35600331 PMCID: PMC9117078 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6558060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease, especially coronary artery disease and stroke, kills around one-third of the world’s population, and myocardial infarction, a primary symptom of coronary heart disease, is a major worldwide health problem. Cardiovascular disease research has historically focused on promoting angiogenesis following myocardial damage. Myocardial vascular repair is crucial for improving myocardial infarction prognosis. Endothelial cells, the largest population of nonmyocytes within myocardial tissue, play an important role in angiogenesis. In recent years, different types of programmed cell death such as apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy have been described and found to be linked with cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction, heart failure, and myocarditis. This will have important implications for reforming the treatment strategy of cardiovascular diseases. Different types of cell death of endothelial cells in myocardial infarction have been proposed, the roles and mechanisms of endothelial cell death in myocardial infarction are summarized in this review, and endothelial cell death inhibition as a therapeutic technique for treating myocardial infarction might be advantageous to human health.
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Properties and Functions of Fibroblasts and Myofibroblasts in Myocardial Infarction. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091386. [PMID: 35563692 PMCID: PMC9102016 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The adult mammalian heart contains abundant interstitial and perivascular fibroblasts that expand following injury and play a reparative role but also contribute to maladaptive fibrotic remodeling. Following myocardial infarction, cardiac fibroblasts undergo dynamic phenotypic transitions, contributing to the regulation of inflammatory, reparative, and angiogenic responses. This review manuscript discusses the mechanisms of regulation, roles and fate of fibroblasts in the infarcted heart. During the inflammatory phase of infarct healing, the release of alarmins by necrotic cells promotes a pro-inflammatory and matrix-degrading fibroblast phenotype that may contribute to leukocyte recruitment. The clearance of dead cells and matrix debris from the infarct stimulates anti-inflammatory pathways and activates transforming growth factor (TGF)-β cascades, resulting in the conversion of fibroblasts to α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)-expressing myofibroblasts. Activated myofibroblasts secrete large amounts of matrix proteins and form a collagen-based scar that protects the infarcted ventricle from catastrophic complications, such as cardiac rupture. Moreover, infarct fibroblasts may also contribute to cardiac repair by stimulating angiogenesis. During scar maturation, fibroblasts disassemble α-SMA+ stress fibers and convert to specialized cells that may serve in scar maintenance. The prolonged activation of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in the infarct border zone and in the remote remodeling myocardium may contribute to adverse remodeling and to the pathogenesis of heart failure. In addition to their phenotypic plasticity, fibroblasts exhibit remarkable heterogeneity. Subsets with distinct phenotypic profiles may be responsible for the wide range of functions of fibroblast populations in infarcted and remodeling hearts.
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Regulation of Epicardial Cell Fate during Cardiac Development and Disease: An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063220. [PMID: 35328640 PMCID: PMC8950551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The epicardium is the outermost cell layer in the vertebrate heart that originates during development from mesothelial precursors located in the proepicardium and septum transversum. The epicardial layer plays a key role during cardiogenesis since a subset of epicardial-derived cells (EPDCs) undergo an epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT); migrate into the myocardium; and differentiate into distinct cell types, such as coronary vascular smooth muscle cells, cardiac fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and presumably a subpopulation of cardiomyocytes, thus contributing to complete heart formation. Furthermore, the epicardium is a source of paracrine factors that support cardiac growth at the last stages of cardiogenesis. Although several lineage trace studies have provided some evidence about epicardial cell fate determination, the molecular mechanisms underlying epicardial cell heterogeneity remain not fully understood. Interestingly, seminal works during the last decade have pointed out that the adult epicardium is reactivated after heart damage, re-expressing some embryonic genes and contributing to cardiac remodeling. Therefore, the epicardium has been proposed as a potential target in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. In this review, we summarize the previous knowledge regarding the regulation of epicardial cell contribution during development and the control of epicardial reactivation in cardiac repair after damage.
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Abplanalp WT, Tucker N, Dimmeler S. Single-cell technologies to decipher cardiovascular diseases. Eur Heart J 2022; 43:4536-4547. [PMID: 35265972 PMCID: PMC9659476 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. A deeper understanding of the multicellular composition and molecular processes may help to identify novel therapeutic strategies. Single-cell technologies such as single-cell or single-nuclei RNA sequencing provide expression profiles of individual cells and allow for dissection of heterogeneity in tissue during health and disease. This review will summarize (i) how these novel technologies have become critical for delineating mechanistic drivers of cardiovascular disease, particularly, in humans and (ii) how they might serve as diagnostic tools for risk stratification or individualized therapy. The review will further discuss technical pitfalls and provide an overview of publicly available human and mouse data sets that can be used as a resource for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Tyler Abplanalp
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Centre of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany,German Center for Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Partner site Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Berlin, Germany,Cardiopulmonary Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nathan Tucker
- Masonic Medical Research Institute, Utica, NY, USA,Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- Corresponding author. Tel: +49 69 6301 5158, Fax: +49 69 6301 83462,
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In Vivo Methods to Monitor Cardiomyocyte Proliferation. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9030073. [PMID: 35323621 PMCID: PMC8950582 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9030073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult mammalian cardiomyocytes demonstrate scarce cycling and even lower proliferation rates in response to injury. Signals that enhance cardiomyocyte proliferation after injury will be groundbreaking, address unmet clinical needs, and represent new strategies to treat cardiovascular diseases. In vivo methods to monitor cardiomyocyte proliferation are critical to addressing this challenge. Fortunately, advances in transgenic approaches provide sophisticated techniques to quantify cardiomyocyte cycling and proliferation.
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Bhattacharyya A, Boostanpour K, Bouzidi M, Magee L, Chen TY, Wolters R, Torre P, Pillai SK, Bhattacharya M. IL10 trains macrophage profibrotic function after lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 322:L495-L502. [PMID: 35107021 PMCID: PMC8917922 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00458.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cx3cr1+ monocyte-derived macrophages (moMacs) are recruited to tissues after injury and are known to have profibrotic effects, but the cell-cell interactions and specific pathways that regulate this polarization and function are incompletely understood. Here we investigate the role of moMac-derived Pdgfa in bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice. Deletion of Pdgfa with Cx3cr1-CreERT2 decreased bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Among a panel of in vitro macrophage polarizing stimuli, robust induction of Pdgfa was noted with IL10 in both mouse and human moMacs. Likewise, analysis of single-cell data revealed high expression of the receptor IL10RA in moMacs from human fibrotic lungs. Studies with IL10-GFP mice revealed that IL10-expressing cells were increased after injury in mice and colocalized with moMacs. Notably, deletion of IL10ra with Csf1r-Cre: IL10ra fl/fl mice decreased both Pdgfa expression in moMacs and lung fibrosis. Taken together, these findings reveal a novel, IL10-dependent mechanism of macrophage polarization leading to fibroblast activation after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Bhattacharyya
- 1Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California,2Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Kaveh Boostanpour
- 1Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California,2Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Mohamed Bouzidi
- 3Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, California,4Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Liam Magee
- 1Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California,2Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Tian Y. Chen
- 1Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California,2Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Rachel Wolters
- 1Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California,2Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Paola Torre
- 1Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California,2Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Satish K. Pillai
- 3Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, California,4Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Mallar Bhattacharya
- 1Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California,2Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
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42
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Tian X, Zhou B. Coronary vessel formation in development and regeneration: origins and mechanisms. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 167:67-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Li L, Wang M, Ma Q, Li Y, Ye J, Sun X, Sun G. Progress of Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Technology in Myocardial Infarction Research. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:768834. [PMID: 35252379 PMCID: PMC8893277 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.768834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
After myocardial infarction, the heart enters a remodeling and repair phase that involves myocardial cell damage, inflammatory response, fibroblast activation, and, ultimately, angiogenesis. In this process, the proportions and functions of cardiomyocytes, immune cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and other cells change. Identification of the potential differences in gene expression among cell types and/or transcriptome heterogeneity among cells of the same type greatly contribute to understanding the cellular changes that occur in heart and disease conditions. Recent advent of the single-cell transcriptome sequencing technology has facilitated the exploration of single cell diversity as well as comprehensive elucidation of the natural history and molecular mechanisms of myocardial infarction. In this manner, novel putative therapeutic targets for myocardial infarction treatment may be detected and clinically applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanfang Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuxiao Ma
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunxiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Centre, College of Integration Science, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Jingxue Ye
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Jingxue Ye
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaobo Sun
| | - Guibo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Guibo Sun
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Tombor LS, Dimmeler S. Why is endothelial resilience key to maintain cardiac health? Basic Res Cardiol 2022; 117:35. [PMID: 35834003 PMCID: PMC9283358 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00941-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial injury as induced by myocardial infarction results in tissue ischemia, which critically incepts cardiomyocyte death. Endothelial cells play a crucial role in restoring oxygen and nutrient supply to the heart. Latest advances in single-cell multi-omics, together with genetic lineage tracing, reveal a transcriptional and phenotypical adaptation to the injured microenvironment, which includes alterations in metabolic, mesenchymal, hematopoietic and pro-inflammatory signatures. The extent of transition in mesenchymal or hematopoietic cell lineages is still debated, but it is clear that several of the adaptive phenotypical changes are transient and endothelial cells revert back to a naïve cell state after resolution of injury responses. This resilience of endothelial cells to acute stress responses is important for preventing chronic dysfunction. Here, we summarize how endothelial cells adjust to injury and how this dynamic response contributes to repair and regeneration. We will highlight intrinsic and microenvironmental factors that contribute to endothelial cell resilience and may be targetable to maintain a functionally active, healthy microcirculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas S. Tombor
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany ,Faculty for Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany ,Faculty for Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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Azad AK, Farhan MA, Murray CR, Suzuki K, Eitzen G, Touret N, Moore RB, Murray AG. FGD5 regulates endothelial cell PI3 kinase-β to promote neo-angiogenesis. FASEB J 2021; 36:e22080. [PMID: 34882832 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100554r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is required in embryonic development and tissue repair in the adult. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) initiates angiogenesis, and VEGF or its receptor is targeted therapeutically to block pathological angiogenesis. Additional pro-angiogenic cues, such as CXCL12 acting via the CXCR4 receptor, co-operate with VEGF/VEGFR2 to cue vascular patterning. We studied the role of FGD5, an endothelial Rho GTP/GDP exchange factor (RhoGEF), to regulate CXCR4-dependent signals in the endothelial cell (EC). Patient-derived renal cell carcinomas produce a complex milieu of growth factors that stimulated sprouting angiogenesis and endothelial tip cell differentiation ex vivo that was blocked by EC FGD5 loss. In a simplified model, CXCL12 augmented sprouting and tip gene expression under conditions where VEGF was limiting. CXCL12-stimulated tip cell differentiation was dependent on PI3 kinase (PI3K)-β activity. Knockdown of EC FGD5 abolished CXCR4 signaling to PI3K-β and Akt. Further, inhibition of Rac1, a Rho GTPase required for PI3K-β activity, recapitulated the signaling defects of FGD5 deficiency, suggesting that FGD5 may regulate PI3K-β activity through Rac1. Overexpression of a RhoGEF deficient, Dbl domain-deleted FGD5 mutant reduced CXCL12-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and failed to rescue PI3K signaling in native FGD5-deficient EC, indicating that FGD5 RhoGEF activity is required for FDG5 function. Endothelial expression of mutant PI3K-β with an inactivated Rho binding domain confirmed that CXCL12-stimulated PI3K activity in EC requires Rac1-GTP co-regulation. Together, this data identify the role of FGD5 to generate Rac1-GTP to regulate pro-angiogenic CXCR4-dependent PI3K-β signaling in EC. Inhibition of FGD5 activity may complement current angiogenesis inhibitor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abul K Azad
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Maikel A Farhan
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cameron R Murray
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kunimasa Suzuki
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gary Eitzen
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nicolas Touret
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ronald B Moore
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Allan G Murray
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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STAT3 is critical for skeletal development and bone homeostasis by regulating osteogenesis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6891. [PMID: 34824272 PMCID: PMC8616950 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27273-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal deformities are typical AD-HIES manifestations, which are mainly caused by heterozygous and loss-of-function mutations in Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). However, the mechanism is still unclear and the treatment strategy is limited. Herein, we reported that the mice with Stat3 deletion in osteoblasts, but not in osteoclasts, induced AD-HIES-like skeletal defects, including craniofacial malformation, osteoporosis, and spontaneous bone fracture. Mechanistic analyses revealed that STAT3 in cooperation with Msh homeobox 1(MSX1) drove osteoblast differentiation by promoting Distal-less homeobox 5(Dlx5) transcription. Furthermore, pharmacological activation of STAT3 partially rescued skeletal deformities in heterozygous knockout mice, while inhibition of STAT3 aggravated bone loss. Taken together, these data show that STAT3 is critical for modulating skeletal development and maintaining bone homeostasis through STAT3-indcued osteogenesis and suggest it may be a potential target for treatments.
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Zhang S, Li Y, Huang X, Liu K, Wang QD, Chen AF, Sun K, Lui KO, Zhou B. Seamless Genetic Recording of Transiently Activated Mesenchymal Gene Expression in Endothelial Cells During Cardiac Fibrosis. Circulation 2021; 144:2004-2020. [PMID: 34797683 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.055417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Cardiac fibrosis is a lethal outcome of excessive formation of myofibroblasts that are scar-forming cells accumulated after heart injury. It has been reported that cardiac endothelial cells (ECs) contribute to a substantial portion of myofibroblasts through EndoMT. Recent lineage tracing studies demonstrate that myofibroblasts are derived from expansion of resident fibroblasts rather than from transdifferentiation of ECs. However, it remains unknown whether ECs can transdifferentiate into myofibroblasts reversibly or EndoMT genes were just transiently activated in ECs during cardiac fibrosis. Methods: By using the dual recombination technology based on Cre-loxP and Dre-rox, we generated a genetic lineage tracing system for tracking EndoMT in cardiac ECs. We used it to examine if there is transiently activated mesenchymal gene expression in ECs during cardiac fibrosis. Activation of the broadly used marker gene in myofibroblasts, αSMA, and the transcription factor that induces epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), Zeb1, was examined. Results: The genetic system enables continuous tracing of transcriptional activity of targeted genes in vivo. Our genetic fate mapping results revealed that a subset of cardiac ECs transiently expressed αSMA and Zeb1 during embryonic valve formation and transdifferentiated into mesenchymal cells through EndoMT. Nonetheless, they did not contribute to myofibroblasts; nor transiently expressed αSMA or Zeb1 after heart injury. Instead, expression of αSMA was activated in resident fibroblasts during cardiac fibrosis. Conclusions: Mesenchymal gene expression is activated in cardiac ECs through EndoMT in the developing heart; but ECs do not transdifferentiate into myofibroblasts, nor transiently express some known mesenchymal genes during homeostasis and fibrosis in the adult heart. Resident fibroblasts that are converted to myofibroblasts by activating mesenchymal gene expression are the major contributors to cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xiuzhen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Kuo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Qing-Dong Wang
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alex F Chen
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Kun Sun
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Kathy O Lui
- Department of Chemical Pathology; and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
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Ye Y, Li X, Zhu L, Yang C, Tan YW. Establishment of a risk assessment score for deep vein thrombosis after artificial liver support system treatment. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:9406-9416. [PMID: 34877276 PMCID: PMC8610855 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i31.9406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The artificial liver support system (ALSS) is an effective treatment method for liver failure, but it requires deep venous intubation and long-term indwelling catheterization. However, the coagulation mechanism disorder of basic liver failure diseases, and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) often occur.
AIM To evaluate the risk factors for DVT following use of an ALSS and establish a risk assessment score.
METHODS This study was divided into three stages. In the first stage, the risk factors for DVT were screened and the patient data were collected, including ALSS treatment information; biochemical indices; coagulation and hematology indices; complications; procoagulant use therapy status; and a total of 24 indicators. In the second stage, a risk assessment score for DVT after ALSS treatment was developed. In the third stage, the DVT risk assessment score was validated.
RESULTS A total of 232 patients with liver failure treated with ALSS were enrolled in the first stage, including 12 with lower limb DVT. Logistic regression analysis showed that age [odds ratio (OR), 1.734; P = 0.01], successful catheterization time (OR, 1.667; P = 0.005), activity status (strict bed rest) (OR, 3.049; P = 0.005), and D-dimer level (≥ 500 ng/mL) (OR, 5.532; P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for DVT. We then established a scoring system for risk factors. In the validation group, a total of 213 patients with liver failure were treated with ALSS, including 14 with lower limb DVT. When the cutoff value of risk assessment was 3, the specificity and sensitivity of the risk assessment score were 88.9% and 85.7%, respectively.
CONCLUSION A simple risk assessment scoring system was established for DVT patients with liver failure treated with ALSS and was verified to have good sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ye
- Department of Hepatology, The Third Hospital of Zhenjiang Affiliated Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Hepatology, The Third Hospital of Zhenjiang Affiliated Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Hepatology, The Third Hospital of Zhenjiang Affiliated Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Cong Yang
- Department of Hepatology, The Third Hospital of Zhenjiang Affiliated Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - You-Wen Tan
- Department of Hepatology, The Third Hospital of Zhenjiang Affiliated Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
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Chambers SE, Pathak V, Pedrini E, Soret L, Gendron N, Guerin CL, Stitt AW, Smadja DM, Medina RJ. Current concepts on endothelial stem cells definition, location, and markers. Stem Cells Transl Med 2021; 10 Suppl 2:S54-S61. [PMID: 34724714 PMCID: PMC8560200 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.21-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic vascular disease is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and regeneration of blood vessels in perfusion-deficient tissues is a worthwhile therapeutic goal. The idea of delivering endothelial stem/progenitor cells to repair damaged vasculature, reperfuse hypoxic tissue, prevent cell death, and consequently diminish tissue inflammation and fibrosis has a strong scientific basis and clinical value. Various labs have proposed endothelial stem/progenitor cell candidates. This has created confusion, as there are profound differences between these cell definitions based on isolation methodology, characterization, and reparative biology. Here, a stricter definition based on stem cell biology principles is proposed. Although preclinical studies have often been promising, results from clinical trials have been highly contradictory and served to highlight multiple challenges associated with disappointing therapeutic benefit. This article reviews recent accomplishments in the field and discusses current difficulties when developing endothelial stem cell therapies. Emerging evidence that disputes the classic view of the bone marrow as the source for these cells and supports the vascular wall as the niche for these tissue-resident endothelial stem cells is considered. In addition, novel markers to identify endothelial stem cells, including CD157, EPCR, and CD31low VEGFR2low IL33+ Sox9+ , are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E.J. Chambers
- Wellcome‐Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Biomedical Science, Queen's University BelfastBelfastUK
| | - Varun Pathak
- Wellcome‐Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Biomedical Science, Queen's University BelfastBelfastUK
| | - Edoardo Pedrini
- Wellcome‐Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Biomedical Science, Queen's University BelfastBelfastUK
| | - Lou Soret
- Université de ParisInnovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERMParisFrance
- Hematology department and Biosurgical research lab (Carpentier Foundation)Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris.Centre‐Université de Paris (APHP‐CUP)ParisFrance
| | - Nicolas Gendron
- Université de ParisInnovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERMParisFrance
- Hematology department and Biosurgical research lab (Carpentier Foundation)Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris.Centre‐Université de Paris (APHP‐CUP)ParisFrance
| | - Coralie L. Guerin
- Université de ParisInnovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERMParisFrance
- Cytometry Platform, Institut CurieParisFrance
| | - Alan W. Stitt
- Wellcome‐Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Biomedical Science, Queen's University BelfastBelfastUK
| | - David M. Smadja
- Université de ParisInnovative Therapies in Haemostasis, INSERMParisFrance
- Hematology department and Biosurgical research lab (Carpentier Foundation)Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris.Centre‐Université de Paris (APHP‐CUP)ParisFrance
| | - Reinhold J. Medina
- Wellcome‐Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Biomedical Science, Queen's University BelfastBelfastUK
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Streef TJ, Smits AM. Epicardial Contribution to the Developing and Injured Heart: Exploring the Cellular Composition of the Epicardium. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:750243. [PMID: 34631842 PMCID: PMC8494983 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.750243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The epicardium is an essential cell population during cardiac development. It contributes different cell types to the developing heart through epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and it secretes paracrine factors that support cardiac tissue formation. In the adult heart the epicardium is a quiescent layer of cells which can be reactivated upon ischemic injury, initiating an embryonic-like response in the epicardium that contributes to post-injury repair processes. Therefore, the epicardial layer is considered an interesting target population to stimulate endogenous repair mechanisms. To date it is still not clear whether there are distinct cell populations in the epicardium that contribute to specific lineages or aid in cardiac repair, or that the epicardium functions as a whole. To address this putative heterogeneity, novel techniques such as single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA seq) are being applied. In this review, we summarize the role of the epicardium during development and after injury and provide an overview of the most recent insights into the cellular composition and diversity of the epicardium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anke M. Smits
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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