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Rosmarin DH, Kumar P, Kaufman CC, Drury M, Harper D, Forester BP. Neurobiological correlates of religious coping among older adults with and without mood disorders: An exploratory study. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2024; 341:111812. [PMID: 38631136 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2024.111812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
In this study, 32 older adults with and without mood disorders completed resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and measures of demographics, spirituality/religion, positive and negative religious coping, and depression. Group Independent Component Analysis identified and selected three a priori resting state networks [cingulo-opercular salience (cSN), central executive (CEN) and Default Mode Networks (DMN)] within the Triple Network Mode. We investigated associations of religious coping with within- and between-network connectivity, controlling for age. Insular connectivity within the cSN was associated with negative religious coping. Religious coping was associated with anti-correlation between the DMN and CEN even when controlling for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Rosmarin
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Spirituality & Mental Health Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States.
| | - Poornima Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Laboratory for Translational and Affective Neuroscience, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States
| | - Caroline C Kaufman
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Spirituality & Mental Health Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States
| | - Mia Drury
- Spirituality & Mental Health Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States
| | - David Harper
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Geriatric Psychiatry Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States
| | - Brent P Forester
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Geriatric Psychiatry Research Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States; Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, United States
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Nche GC, Agbo UM, Okwueze MI. Church leader's Interpretation of COVID-19 in Nigeria: Science, Conspiracies, and Spiritualization. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2024; 63:741-764. [PMID: 37964055 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01947-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
The need for governments across the globe to collaborate with religious leaders in the fight against COVID-19 has been emphasized by international organizations including the World Health Organization (WHO). However, there has not been much discernible scholarly effort to know what religious leaders think of COVID-19. The present study, therefore, explored the interpretations church leaders have about COVID-19 in Nigeria. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eighteen leaders from Catholic, Anglican and Pentecostal churches in Nigeria. Using a thematic analytical approach, the study found that only few church leaders interpreted COVID-19 as a medical problem in line with science (33%). The rest interpreted the virus as a tool of conspiracies/political manoeuvrings (27%) and as a spiritual event (39%). The study discussed the implications of the findings for policy and research as well as how to address some of the harmful interpretations.
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Affiliation(s)
- George C Nche
- Department of Religion Studies, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Uchechukwu M Agbo
- Department of Religion and Cultural Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
| | - Malachy I Okwueze
- Department of Religion and Cultural Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
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Akkuş Y, Kiliç SP. Feelings, Difficulties and Attitudes in relation to Fasting: A Qualitative Study on Spiritual Coping Among Turkish Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023; 62:4382-4398. [PMID: 36495355 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01713-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to reveal the feelings, difficulties, attitudes, and spiritual coping status of Turkish patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus toward fasting during Ramadan. The sample of this descriptive qualitative study consists of 14 patients diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. We determined two main themes and relevant sub-themes. The first was "the feelings and difficulties experienced due to diabetes mellitus" with the sub-themes of "negative emotions" and "difficulties in fasting." The second theme was identified as "religious and spiritual coping" with the sub-themes of "believing the disease comes from God," "having difficulty in adhering to disease-specific practices while fasting," and "feeling that fasting facilitates coping and provides relief." In conclusion, it was determined that the patients continued to fast despite the difficulties and that fasting facilitated coping and provided relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeliz Akkuş
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Science, Kafkas University, 36100, Kars, Turkey.
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Sampogna G, Caraci F, Carmassi C, Dell'Osso B, Ferrari S, Martinotti G, Sani G, Serafini G, Signorelli MS, Fiorillo A. Efficacy and tolerability of desvenlafaxine in the real-world treatment of patients with major depression: a narrative review and an expert opinion paper. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2023; 24:1511-1525. [PMID: 37450377 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2023.2237410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common severe mental disorder, requiring a tailored and integrated treatment. Several approaches are available including different classes of antidepressants various psychotherapeutic approaches, and psychosocial interventions. The treatment plan for each patient with MDD should be differentiated on the basis of several clinical, personal, and contextual factors. AREAS COVERED Desvenlafaxine - a serotonine-noradrenergic reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) antidepressant - has been approved in the United States in 2008 for the treatment of MDD in adults, and has been recently rediscovered by clinicians due to its good side-effect profile and its clinical effectiveness. A narrative review on efficacy, tolerability and use of desvenlafaxine in clinical practice was carried out. The keywords: 'major depression', 'depression,' 'desvenlafaxine,' 'efficacy,' 'clinical efficacy,' 'side effects', 'tolerability,' 'elderly patients', 'consultation-liaison', 'menopausal', 'young people', 'adolescent' were entered in PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, Scopus and Medline. No time limit was fixed, the search strategy was implemented on May 10, 2023. EXPERT OPINION Desvenlafaxine should be listed among the optimal treatment strategies for managing people with MDD, whose main strengths are: 1) ease of dosing; 2) favorable safety and tolerability profile, 3) absence of sexual dysfunctions, weight gain and low rate of discontinuation symptoms; 4) low risk of drug-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Sampogna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Unit of Neuropharmacology and Translational Neurosciences, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | | | - Bernardo Dell'Osso
- Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences and Aldo Ravelli Center for Neurotechnology and Brain Therapeutic, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - Silvia Ferrari
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Dipartimento Ad attività Integrata di Salute Mentale E Dipendenze Patologiche, Azienda USL-IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinotti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health, Psychiatry Section, University of Genoa, IRCCS, San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gianluca Serafini
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience Head, Neck and Thorax, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Salvina Signorelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, AOU Policlinico Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Fiorillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Blackburn R, Jim C, Paltoglou AE. A “random group of misfits” or being “part of something bigger”? Exploring experiences of attending a non-religious congregation. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2022; 17:2021618. [PMID: 35257631 PMCID: PMC8925926 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2021.2021618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Religion is an important part of many people’s lives and there is some evidence that attending church or other religious congregations is positively associated with psychological well-being. However, religious participation is declining in Western Europe and North America. Sunday Assembly is a non-religious gathering that intends to provide a similar communal experience and a sense of spirituality to the church, but without the religious element. In the current study, we aimed to explore the experiences of and motivations for attending a non-religious congregation in relation to well-being. Methods A qualitative approach was taken, gathering data through semi-structured interviews with participants from Sunday Assembly congregations across England. Results Thematic analysis was used and three key themes were found: (1) searching for meaning and community, (2) Sunday Assembly as protective of mental health, and (3) loneliness in a crowd. Conclusions Sunday Assembly can provide a sense of belonging and improvement in mental health through shared experience and spirituality, and it can act as a coping mechanism during difficult times. Further research could explore the benefits of Sunday Assembly upon attendee’s mental health, test the effectiveness of Sunday Assembly as a coping mechanism, and whether continued attendance improves mood over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowena Blackburn
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Carly Jim
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
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Vitorino LM, Granero Lucchetti AL, Lucchetti G. The role of spirituality and religiosity on the cognitive decline of community-dwelling older adults: a 4-year longitudinal study. Aging Ment Health 2022:1-8. [PMID: 36318500 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2022.2141195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to assess whether having religious beliefs, attending religious services and using spiritual-religious coping (SRC) are longitudinally associated with cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS A 4-year longitudinal study of 261 Brazilian older adults was conducted. Hierarchical adjusted linear regression models and logistic regression models were performed to evaluate the longitudinal effects of religious beliefs, church attendance and positive and negative SRC on cognitive decline. RESULTS The findings revealed that spiritual and religious beliefs at baseline could affect cognitive function in two different ways. When older adults use religiosity and spirituality (RS) in a functional positive manner, it results in better cognitive outcomes and a slower rate of decline. However, when used in a negative manner, it results in worse cognitive outcomes. CONCLUSION These results could help health care professionals address SRC among older adults, particularly those at a higher risk of cognitive decline. Considering that RS is very important for older adults, health care professionals should be aware of the beliefs of their patients and address RS in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Magalhães Vitorino
- School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.,Faculty of Medicine of Itajubá (FMIT), Itajubá, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Giancarlo Lucchetti
- School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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Casaleiro T, Caldeira S, Esperandio MRG. Instruments for Assessing Spiritual/Religious Coping in Multicultural Clinical Settings. J Christ Nurs 2022; 39:236-243. [PMID: 36048596 DOI: 10.1097/cnj.0000000000000997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT A review of literature was conducted to discover and compare various instruments that could be used in daily nursing practice to assess spiritual and religious coping in a variety of multicultural clinical settings. Fifteen spiritual and religious (S/R) instruments were identified, used in 31 studies in multiple countries. These S/R coping tools may be useful to nurses in assessment and for planning interventions.
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Coelho-Júnior HJ, Calvani R, Panza F, Allegri RF, Picca A, Marzetti E, Alves VP. Religiosity/Spirituality and Mental Health in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:877213. [PMID: 35646998 PMCID: PMC9133607 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.877213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The present study investigated the association between religious and spiritual (RS) practices with the prevalence, severity, and incidence of mental health problems in older adults. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies that investigated older adults aged 60+ years and assessed RS using valid scales and questions from valid scales, and mental health according to validated multidimensional or specific instruments. Studies were retrieved from MEDLINE, LILACS, SCOPUS, CINAHL, and AgeLine databases until July 31, 2021. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS). A pooled effect size was calculated based on the log odds ratio (OR) and Z-scores. This study is registered on PROSPERO. Results One hundred and two studies that investigated 79.918 community-dwellers, hospitalized, and institutionalized older adults were included. Results indicated that high RS was negatively associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms, while a positive association was observed with life satisfaction, meaning in life, social relations, and psychological well-being. Specifically, people with high spirituality, intrinsic religiosity, and religious affiliation had a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms. In relation to longitudinal analysis, most studies supported that high RS levels were associated with a lower incidence of depressive symptoms and fear of death, as well as better mental health status. Conclusion Findings of the present study suggest that RS are significantly associated with mental health in older adults. People with high RS levels had a lower prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms, as well as reported greater life satisfaction and psychological well-being, better social relations, and more definite meaning in life. Data provided by an increasing number of longitudinal studies have supported most of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélio José Coelho-Júnior
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Rome, Italy
- Department of Gerontology, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Hélio José Coelho-Júnior
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Panza
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis”, Research Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Riccardo F. Allegri
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas Fleni, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Neurosciences, Universidad de la Costa (CUC), Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Anna Picca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Vicente Paulo Alves
- Department of Gerontology, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
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Liu DT, Prem B, Sharma G, Kaiser J, Besser G, Mueller CA. Depression Symptoms and Olfactory-related Quality of Life. Laryngoscope 2022; 132:1829-1834. [PMID: 35353380 PMCID: PMC9544892 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Patients with olfactory dysfunction (OD) frequently report symptoms of depression. The objective of this study was to determine how clinical characteristics and olfactory‐related quality of life (QoL) measures associate with the likelihood for major depressive disorders (MDDs). Methods A total of 192 OD patients were included. Olfactory function was measured using all three subtests of the Sniffn' Sticks test. Olfactory‐related quality of life (QoL) was evaluated using the Questionnaires of Olfactory Dysfunction (QOD)‐negative (NS) and ‐positive statement (PS). The likelihood for MDD was assessed using the Patients Health Questionnaire‐2 (PHQ‐2). Demographics and disease‐specific variables (etiology and duration of OD) were collected. Univariate and multivariable analyses were used to associate disease‐specific variables and the QOD with the outcome of the PHQ‐2. Additionally, the predictive ability of the QOD‐NS to predict depressive symptoms was calculated. Results In univariate analysis, COVID‐19 related smell loss, the QOD‐NS, and the QOD‐PS were significantly associated with the PHQ‐2. In multivariable analyses adjusting for QoL measures, the QOD‐NS (ß = 0.532, p < 0.001) and sinonasal OD (compared with postinfectious OD) were significantly associated with the PHQ‐2 (ß = 0.146, p = 0.047). When omitting QoL measures from multivariable analyses, only COVID‐19 related OD (compared with postinfectious OD) was significantly associated with the PHQ‐2 (ß = 0.287, p = 0.009). A QOD‐NS score > 20.5 had 70.13% sensitivity and 76.32% specificity for detecting symptoms of depression. Conclusion Our results suggest that COVID‐19 related OD might be associated with a higher likelihood for MDD. Furthermore, we showed that the QOD‐NS score might be helpful to predict symptoms of depression in OD patients. Level of Evidence 4 Laryngoscope, 132:1829–1834, 2022
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Affiliation(s)
- David T Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Prem
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gunjan Sharma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Kaiser
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerold Besser
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian A Mueller
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Spirituality in a Doctor's Practice: What Are the Issues? J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10235612. [PMID: 34884314 PMCID: PMC8658590 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10235612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: It is becoming increasingly important to address the spiritual dimension in the integral care of the people in order to adequately assist them in the processes of their illness and healing. Considering the spiritual dimension has an ethical basis because it attends to the values and spiritual needs of the person in clinical decision-making, as well as helping them cope with their illness. Doctors, although sensitive to this fact, approach spiritual care in clinical practice with little rigour due to certain facts, factors, and boundaries that are assessed in this review. Objective: To find out how doctors approach the spiritual dimension, describing its characteristics, the factors that influence it, and the limitations they encounter. Methodology: We conducted a review of the scientific literature to date in the PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL databases of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials, observational studies, and qualitative studies written in Spanish, English, and Portuguese on the spiritual approach adopted by doctors in clinical practice. This review consisted of several phases: (i) the exclusion of duplicate records; (ii) the reading of titles and abstracts; (iii) the assessment of full articles and their methodological quality using the guidelines of the international Equator Network. Results: A total of 1414 publications were identified in the search, 373 of which were excluded for being off-topic or repeated in databases. Of the remaining 1041, 962 were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. After initial screening, 79 articles were selected, from which 17 were collected after reading the full text. A total of 8 studies were eligible for inclusion. There were three qualitative studies and five cross-sectional observational studies with sufficient methodological quality. The results showed the perspectives and principal characteristics identified by doctors in their approach to the spiritual dimension, with lack of training, a lack of time, and fear in addressing this dimension in the clinic the main findings. Conclusions: Although more and more scientific research is demonstrating the benefits of spiritual care in clinical practice and physicians are aware of it, efforts are needed to achieve true holistic care in which specific training in spiritual care plays a key role.
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Wahab S, Chun Keat T, Azmi AD, Mahadevan R, Muhamed Ramli ER, Kian Boon L. Risk of Depression Among MMT Patients: Does Coping Strategies and Perceived Social Support Play a Role? Subst Abuse 2021; 15:11782218211049407. [PMID: 34658621 PMCID: PMC8516374 DOI: 10.1177/11782218211049407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients receiving methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) experience higher level of stress and are at greater risk of developing mental health problems such as depression which could potentially affect both quality of life and treatment outcomes. This cross-sectional study is aimed at understanding the relationship between psychosocial factors such as social support, coping, and depression among patients receiving MMT in a Malaysian Hospital. METHODS One hundred and ninety-six patients attending MMT program were recruited. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used to screen for depression, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) was used to assess participants' perceived social support, and the Brief COPE questionnaire was used to assess coping strategies. The diagnosis of depression was made using Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). RESULTS About 13.8% of our sample were diagnosed with depression. From our analysis, it was found that having higher levels of perceived social support (OR = 0.462, 95% CI 0.238-0.899, P < .05), the use of active and emotion focused coping mechanism (OR = 0.231, 95% CI 0.095-0.565, P < .005), and support seeking and self-distraction coping mechanism (OR = 0.196, 95% CI 0.074-0.521, P < .001) was associated with lower likelihood of depression. On the contrary, the use of dysfunctional coping strategies such as denial, behavioral disengagement, and self-blame was associated with increased likelihood of depression (OR = 9.384, 95% CI 3.081-28.581, P < .001). CONCLUSION Active and emotion focused along with support and self-distraction coping strategies, and higher levels of perceived social support may serve as a buffer against depression in patients receiving MMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzaily Wahab
- Department of Psychiatry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tee Chun Keat
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Amirul Danial Azmi
- Department of Psychiatry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Raynuha Mahadevan
- Department of Psychiatry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Law Kian Boon
- Institute for Clinical Research, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
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Gavaza P, Rawal BM, Taylor EJ. Pharmacists' perspectives about spiritual care: A state-wide survey. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003) 2021; 61:694-702.e1. [PMID: 34090814 DOI: 10.1016/j.japh.2021.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients' religious and spiritual beliefs affect their health behaviors, health outcomes, and interactions with health care providers. Incorporating spiritual support in clinical care contributes positively to patient health outcomes. No known studies have explored spiritual care (SC) within the context of pharmacy practice. OBJECTIVE To examine pharmacist perspectives about SC, the frequency with which SC is incorporated in pharmacy practice, and the ways that pharmacists provide SC. METHODS Data were collected using a cross-sectional statewide survey. The 57-item questionnaire was mailed to 1000 randomly selected registered pharmacists in California in 2019. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, independent samples t test, and chi-square tests were used to analyze the data. RESULTS Most of the 215 respondents were female (57.5%); the average length of work experience was 23.3 years (SD = 14.4). Just over half practiced in an urban setting (51.1%); similarly, half worked with terminally ill patients (50.2%). Most of the respondents were "somewhat" to "very spiritual" (77.8%) and "somewhat" to "very religious" (64.3%). Most pharmacists agreed that pharmacists should know about patients' spiritual concerns that may relate to their health (60.5%), that they should practice in a spiritually sensitive manner (73.4%), and that addressing patients' spiritual concerns improved their mental and physical health (76.7%). Respondents "rarely" to "very often or always" prayed privately for a patient (63.8%) and talked to patients about a spiritual and/or religious topic (51.2%), encouraged a patient to pray (49.3%), referred patients to their clergy or religious leader (39.5%), and prayed with a patient (33.5%). The frequency of spiritual services provided by pharmacists differed by their own spirituality, religiosity, and perception of institutional support (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Most of the respondents were spiritual and religious and believed that spirituality is important for their patients. Thus, some provided SC to their patients. Future research is warranted to examine ethically appropriate strategies for pharmacists to provide SC.
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Cipriano-Steffens T, Cursio JF, Hlubocky F, Sumner M, Garnigan-Peters D, Powell J, Arndt N, Phillips L, Lassiter RH, Gilliam M, Petty LE, Pastor RSO, Malec M, Fitchett G, Polite B. Improving End of Life Cancer Outcomes Through Development and Implementation of a Spiritual Care Advocate Program. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2021; 38:1441-1450. [PMID: 33663241 DOI: 10.1177/1049909121995413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Explored whether increased support for spiritual concerns between the healthcare team and patients through the provision of a Spiritual Care Advocate (SCA) would improve end of life outcomes in a metastatic cancer population. DESIGN Newly diagnosed metastatic cancer patients were recruited at the University of Chicago Medical Center and received spiritual support from a Spiritual Care Advocate during chemotherapy treatments. The final sample consisted of 42 patients (58% of those approached) who completed the baseline survey and had known survival status. MEASUREMENT Patients completed pre/post surveys measuring spiritual support and palliative quality of life. Baseline measurements of religious practice and externalizing religious health beliefs were also obtained. Receipt of aggressive EOL care was derived from the electronic medical record. RESULT Median age was 61 years, with 48% Black, and predominantly male (62%). Of the 42 patients, 30 (70%) had died by the time of this analysis. Perceived spiritual support from the medical team increased in 47% of those who received non-aggressive EOL care and by 40% in those who received aggressive EOL care (p=0.012). Patient perceptions of spiritual support from the medical community increased from 27% at baseline to 63% (p=0.005) after the SCA intervention. Only 20% of recipients received aggressive treatments at end of life. CONCLUSION The SCA model improved the perceived spiritual support between the healthcare team and patients. Although limited by a small sample size, the model was also associated with an improvement in EOL patients' quality of life, spiritual wellbeing, and decreased aggressive EOL care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John F Cursio
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Fay Hlubocky
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Marsha Sumner
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Judy Powell
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nicole Arndt
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lee Phillips
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Monica Malec
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - George Fitchett
- Department of Religion, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Blase Polite
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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14
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Prazeres F, Passos L, Simões JA, Simões P, Martins C, Teixeira A. COVID-19-Related Fear and Anxiety: Spiritual-Religious Coping in Healthcare Workers in Portugal. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 18:E220. [PMID: 33396750 PMCID: PMC7794895 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the mental health of the general population, and for healthcare workers (HCWs) it has been no different. Religiosity and spirituality are known coping strategies for mental illnesses, especially in stressful times. This study aimed to describe the role of spiritual-religious coping regarding fear and anxiety in relation to COVID-19 in HCWs in Portugal. A cross-sectional quantitative online survey was performed. Socio-demographic and health data were collected as well as the Duke University Religion Index, Spirituality Scale, Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Two hundred and twenty-two HCWs participated in the study, 74.3% were female and 81.1% were physicians. The median age was 37 years (Q1, Q3: 31, 51.3). Religiosity was neither a significant factor for coronavirus-related anxiety nor it was for fear of COVID-19. Participants with higher levels in the hope/optimism dimension of the Spirituality Scale showed less coronavirus-related anxiety. Female HCWs, non-physicians, and the ones with a previous history of anxiety presented higher levels of fear and/or anxiety related to COVID-19. HCWs' levels of distress should be identified and reduced, so their work is not impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Prazeres
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.A.S.); (P.S.)
- Family Health Unit Beira Ria, 3830-596 Gafanha da Nazaré, Portugal
- Centre for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (L.P.); (C.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Lígia Passos
- Centre for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (L.P.); (C.M.); (A.T.)
- Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - José Augusto Simões
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.A.S.); (P.S.)
- Centre for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (L.P.); (C.M.); (A.T.)
- Family Health Unit Caminhos do Cértoma, 3050-428 Pampilhosa, Portugal
| | - Pedro Simões
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.A.S.); (P.S.)
- Family Health Unit Pulsar, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos Martins
- Centre for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (L.P.); (C.M.); (A.T.)
- MEDCIDS—Department of Community Medicine, Information and Decision in Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Teixeira
- Centre for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (L.P.); (C.M.); (A.T.)
- MEDCIDS—Department of Community Medicine, Information and Decision in Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
- Polytechnic Institute of Viana do Castelo, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
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15
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Reyes-Ortiz CA, Payan C, Altamar G, Montes JFG, Koenig HG. Religiosity and depressive symptoms among older adults in Colombia. Aging Ment Health 2020; 24:1879-1885. [PMID: 33076684 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1660851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between depressive symptoms and religiosity among older adults in Colombia.Methods: Data are drawn from the SABE (Salud, Bienestar y Envejecimiento) Colombia Study, a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2015 involving 19,004 community-dwelling adults aged 60 years and older living in urban and rural areas of Colombia. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Geriatric Depression scale (GDS; range 0-15), examined both as a continuous and categorical variable. Religiosity was assessed by self-rated religiosity and comfort derived from religion. Logistic and linear regression analyses were used to assess the association adjusting for confounders.Results: Multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that being more religious (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.85-0.95, p < .001) or perceiving greater strength or comfort from religion (OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.82-0.93, p < .001) was associated with a lower likelihood of scoring above the cutoff on the GDS for significant depressive symptoms (≥6). Similarly, linear regression analyses indicated that being more religious (unstandardized beta coefficient B = -0.16, p < .001) or perceiving greater strength or comfort from religion (B = -0.20, p < .001) was associated with a significantly lower score on the GDS assessed on a continuous scale.Conclusion: Being more religious or perceiving greater strength or comfort from religion is associated with fewer depressive symptoms among older adults in Colombia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Reyes-Ortiz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, UTHealth, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Claudia Payan
- Facultad de Salud, Escuela de Rehabilitación Humana, Universidad Del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Geraldine Altamar
- Departamento Medicina Familiar, Especialización de Geriatría, Universidad Del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Jose F Gomez Montes
- Facultad de Ciencias Para la Salud, Especialización de Geriatría, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Harold G Koenig
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinshuan, China
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16
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Cipriano-Steffens TM, Carilli T, Hlubocky F, Quinn M, Fitchett G, Polite B. "Let Go, Let God": A Qualitative Study Exploring Cancer Patients' Spirituality and Its Place in the Medical Setting. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2020; 59:2341-2363. [PMID: 31705446 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-019-00942-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the role of God and spirituality in cancer patients to gain deeper insight into how patients use their spirituality to cope during illness, including how they see the medical team meeting their spiritual needs. From our work, some naturally emerging themes included Finding God in Cancer and Healing, Spiritual Support Desired from Medical Community, Doctor as "Gift from God"?, and Communication and the Power of Talk. Cancer patients not only acknowledged a spiritual need, but a desire for it to be addressed by their medical team as part of their treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Marie Cipriano-Steffens
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
| | | | - Fay Hlubocky
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Michael Quinn
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - George Fitchett
- Department of Religion, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Blase Polite
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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17
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Huguelet P, Binyet-Vogel S, Gonzalez C, Favre S, McQuillan A. Follow-up study of 67 first episode schizophrenic patients and their involvement in religious activities. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 12:279-83. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(97)84786-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/1996] [Accepted: 11/03/1996] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
SummaryWe studied the characteristics of religious practice in a cohort of 67 first admission schizophrenic patients over 5 years. Thirty percent of these patients were involved in religious activities, either with an established religion or in a marginal group. They were mostly women, who had a good premorbid psychosocial adaptation and tended not to be substance abusers. Their social adaptation was improved at year 5. They were as compliant with their ambulatory treatment as the other patients. However, when controlling for the inclusion characteristics, a similar outcome was shown between the group of practicing patients and the nonpracticing group. Religious activity may not be by itself the cause of this favorable outcome, as it is probable that only the patients who are less symptomatic and relatively well adapted could actually join a religious movement. The fact that many schizophrenic patients find an occupation and relationships in religious activities that they would not find elsewhere should encourage the psychiatric community target its occupational goals.
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18
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Huguelet P, Mohr S, Jung V, Gillieron C, Brandt PY, Borras L. Effect of religion on suicide attempts in outpatients with schizophrenia or schizo-affective disorders compared with inpatients with non-psychotic disorders. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 22:188-94. [PMID: 17140770 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2006.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2006] [Revised: 07/31/2006] [Accepted: 08/02/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractLittle is known of the relations between psychosis, religion and suicide. One hundred and fifteen outpatients with schizophrenia or schizo-affective disorder and 30 inpatients without psychotic symptoms were studied using a semi-structured interview assessing religiousness/spirituality. Their past suicide attempts were examined. Additionally, they were asked about the role (protective or incentive) of religion in their decision to commit suicide. Forty-three percent of the patients with psychosis had previously attempted suicide. Religiousness was not associated with the rate of patients who attempted suicide. Twenty-five percent of all subjects acknowledged a protective role of religion, mostly through ethical condemnation of suicide and religious coping. One out of ten patients reported an incentive role of religion, not only due to negatively connotated issues but also to the hope for something better after death. There were no differences between groups (i.e. psychotic vs. non-psychotic patients). Religion may play a specific role in the decisions patients make about suicide, both in psychotic and non-psychotic patients. This role may be protective, a finding particularly important for patients with psychosis who are known to be at high risk of severe suicide attempts. Interventions aiming to lower the number of suicide attempts in patients with schizophrenia should take these data into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Huguelet
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Département de Psychiatrie, Service de Psychiatrie Adulte, Secteur 1-Eaux-Vives, Rue du 31-Décembre 36, CH-1207 Geneve, Switzerland.
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19
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Lycett D, Aveyard P, Farmer A, Lewis A, Munafò M. Referral to Slimming World in UK Stop Smoking Services (SWISSS) versus stop smoking support alone on body weight in quitters: results of a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e032271. [PMID: 31988226 PMCID: PMC7045045 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Most people who stop smoking gain weight. Dietary modification may seem an obvious solution, but food restriction may increase cigarette craving and smoking relapse. TRIAL DESIGN An unblinded parallel randomised controlled trial. METHODS Participants were adult smokers with a body mass index greater or equal to 23 kg/m2. Setting was National Health Service commissioned Stop Smoking Services, interventions were referral to a commercial weight management programme, plus stop smoking support (treatment group), compared with stop smoking support alone (control group). Objective was to compare weight change between interventions in smoking abstainers and not abstinent rates in all. Primary outcome was change in weight (kg) at 12 weeks. Randomisation sequence was computer generated and concealed until allocation. RESULTS Seventy-six participants were recruited, 37 were randomised to the treatment group and 39 to the control group. Change in weight was analysed in long-term abstainers (13 treatment, 14 control) only because the aim was to prevent weight gain associated with smoking cessation. Abstinence was analysed on an intention-to-treat basis (37 treatment, 39 control). At 12 weeks weight gain was less in the treatment than the control group with an adjusted mean difference of -2.3 kg 95% CI (-4.4 to -0.1). Craving scores were lower (Mood and Physical Symptoms Scale craving domain -1.6 (-2.7 to -0.5)) and quit rates were higher in the treatment than the control group (32% vs 21%), although the trial was not powered to superiority in cravings and quit rates. No adverse events or side effects were reported. CONCLUSION In people who are obese and want to quit smoking, these data provide modest encouragement that providing weight management at the time of quitting may be helpful. Those who are not obese, but who are informed about potential weight gain during their quit attempt, were uninterested in a weight management programme. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN65705512.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Lycett
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, West Midlands, UK
| | - Paul Aveyard
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Andrew Farmer
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Amanda Lewis
- Population Health Sciences Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Marcus Munafò
- School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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20
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Reyes-Ortiz CA, Payan C, Altamar G, Gomez F, Koenig HG. Religiosity and self-rated health among older adults in Colombia. Colomb Med (Cali) 2019; 50:67-76. [PMID: 31607764 PMCID: PMC6774580 DOI: 10.25100/cm.v50i2.4012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To identify the relationship between religiosity and self-rated health among older adults in Colombia. Methods: Data are drawn from the SABE (Salud, Bienestar y Envejecimiento) Colombia Study, a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2015 involving 18,871 community-dwelling adults aged 60 years and older living in urban and rural areas of Colombia. Religiosity was assessed by self-rated religiosity (how religious are you: not at all, somewhat or very). Self-rated health during previous 30 days was assessed as very good, good, fair, poor or very poor, analyzed as an ordinal variable (1-5) using weighted logistic regression, adjusting for confounders. Results: Those who were more religious were older, female, had lower socioeconomic status, and were more likely to be married. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that older adults who were more religious had better self-rated health (OR 0.92 95% CI 0.86-0.99, p= 0.038); however, there was a significant interaction effect between gender and religiosity on self-rated health (p= 0.002), such that the relationship between religiosity and health was stronger in men (OR 0.86, 95% CI: 0.79-0.94, p= 0.001) but not significant in women. Conclusion: Older adults in Colombia who consider themselves more religious, especially men, are less likely to perceive their physical health as poor compared to those who are less religious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Reyes-Ortiz
- University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Claudia Payan
- Universidad del Valle, Facultad de Salud, Escuela de Rehabilitación Humana. Cali, Colombia
| | - Geraldine Altamar
- Universidad del Valle, Facultad de Salud, Escuela de Medicina, Departamento Medicina Familiar, Especialización de Geriatría, Cali, Colombia
| | - Fernando Gomez
- Universidad de Caldas, Facultad de Ciencias para la Salud, Especialización de Geriatría, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Harold G Koenig
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Ningxia Medical University, Yinshuan, China
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21
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Hamouda MA, Emanuel LL, Padela AI. Empathy and Attending to Patient Religion/Spirituality: Findings from a National Survey of Muslim Physicians. J Health Care Chaplain 2019; 27:84-104. [PMID: 31179903 DOI: 10.1080/08854726.2019.1618063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Attending to patient religion and spirituality (R/S) generates controversy. Some worry that because physicians lack formal religious training they may overstep their expertise, while others argue that physicians who are attentive to patient R/S provide higher quality of care. We aimed to describe American Muslim physicians' perspectives and practices regarding R/S discussions, and how physician characteristics correlate with these. A questionnaire including measures of religiosity, empathy, and attitudes and behaviors toward R/S, was randomly administered to Islamic Medical Association of North America members. More empathetic physicians were more likely to inquire about patients' R/S, share their own religious ideas and experiences, and encourage patients in their own R/S beliefs and practices (β = .44, p < .01). More empathetic physicians also had greater odds of encouraging discontinuation of futile life-sustaining interventions (OR 1.90, p < .05). Additionally, respondents with higher empathy had greater odds of encouraging patients at the end-of-life to seek reconciliation with God (OR 3.27, p < .001), and seek the forgiveness of those they have wronged (OR 2.48, p < .001). In the context of R/S diversity among the patient and provider population, enhancing physician empathy may be key to attending to the health-related R/S needs of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Hamouda
- Initiative on Islam and Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Linda L Emanuel
- Adult Psychotherapy, Supportive Oncology, Medicine, General Internal Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Aasim I Padela
- Section of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,MacLean Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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22
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Fenix J, Cherlin EJ, Prigerson HG, Johnson-Hurzeler R, Kasl SV, Bradley EH. Religiousness and Major Depression among Bereaved Family Caregivers: A 13–Month Follow-Up Study. J Palliat Care 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/082585970602200406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.B. Fenix
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Emily J. Cherlin
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Holly G. Prigerson
- Center of Psychooncology and Palliative Care Research, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rosemary Johnson-Hurzeler
- The Connecticut Hospice, and The John D. Thompson Hospice Institute for Education, Training, and Research, Branford, Connecticut
| | - Stanislav V. Kasl
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Elizabeth H. Bradley
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, and The Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Program, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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23
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Burlacu A, Artene B, Nistor I, Buju S, Jugrin D, Mavrichi I, Covic A. Religiosity, spirituality and quality of life of dialysis patients: a systematic review. Int Urol Nephrol 2019; 51:839-850. [PMID: 30919258 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-019-02129-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients often report a combination of disturbing physical symptoms and psychological distress which result in significantly reduced quality of life (QoL). Coping with a chronic disease is a complex matter involving also the family and a multi-disciplinary team. Recently, observational studies suggested that spirituality (S) and religiosity (R) are two important determinants in coping with a chronic/terminal disease. Both concepts were studied in various settings, involving ESRD and QoL. This systematic review aims to synthesize all instruments used to assess R/S, to examine the strategies evaluating QoL of dialysis patients and to analyse their correlations. METHODS In accordance with the PRISMA, a systematic search was conducted in PubMed and SCOPUS (between Jan 1980-Dec 2018, PROSPERO number CRD42019116837). Eligible studies included patients on dialysis therapy, religiously/spiritually assessed and contained QoL evaluation. RESULTS Of the initial 311 studies, 261 papers were excluded. Consequently, 50 papers with a total 9265 patients were available for inclusion. From a list of 177 R/S scales available worldwide, we identified 24 tools. We organized all QoL parameters into 10 classes. In all studies, R/S variables were positively correlated with at least one QoL variable. CONCLUSIONS In this systematic review, we synthesized the studies involving R/S assessment in dialysis patients and their benefit on QoL. R/S has a positive impact on most QoL parameters in 5D-CKD. We suggest that nephrology guidelines on palliative care and/or elderly should include specific recommendations on R/S support and opportunities for integrated specific therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Burlacu
- Department of Interventional Cardiology - Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine, Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan Artene
- Department of Interventional Cardiology - Cardiovascular Diseases Institute, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine, Iasi, Romania
| | - Ionut Nistor
- Department of Nephrology, 'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine, Iasi, Romania. .,Dialysis and Renal Transplant Center -‛C.I. Parhon' University Hospital, and'Grigore T. Popa', Nephrology Clinic, University of Medicine, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Smaranda Buju
- Department of Teacher Training, Asachi' Technical University, Iasi, Romania
| | - Daniel Jugrin
- Theology, Center for Studies and Interreligious and Intercultural Dialogue, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionut Mavrichi
- Sociology Department, Faculty of Theology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adrian Covic
- Dialysis and Renal Transplant Center -‛C.I. Parhon' University Hospital, and'Grigore T. Popa', Nephrology Clinic, University of Medicine, Iasi, Romania.,The Academy of Romanian Scientists (AOSR), Bucharest, Romania
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24
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Koenig HG, Youssef NA, Oliver RJP, Ames D, Haynes K, Volk F, Teng EJ. Religious Involvement, Anxiety/Depression, and PTSD Symptoms in US Veterans and Active Duty Military. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2018; 57:2325-2342. [PMID: 30120690 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-018-0692-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Religious involvement is associated with mental health and well-being in non-military populations. This study examines the relationship between religiosity and PTSD symptoms, and the mediating effects of anxiety and depression in Veterans and Active Duty Military (V/ADM). This was a cross-sectional multi-site study involving 585 V/ADM recruited from across the USA. Inclusion criteria were having served in a combat theater and PTSD symptoms. Demographics, military characteristics, and social factors were assessed, along with measurement of religiosity, PTSD symptoms, depression, and anxiety. Bivariate and multivariate analyses examined the religiosity-PTSD relationship and the mediating effects of anxiety/depression on that relationship in the overall sample and stratified by race/ethnic group (White, Black, Hispanic). In bivariate analyses, the religiosity-PTSD relationship was not significant in the overall sample or in Whites. However, the relationship was significant in Blacks (r = - 0.16, p = 0.01) and in Hispanics (r = 0.30, p = 0.03), but in opposite directions. In the overall sample, religiosity was inversely related to anxiety (r = - 0.07, p = 0.07) and depression (r = - 0.21, p < 0.0001), especially in Blacks (r = - 0.21, p = 0.001, and r = - 0.34, p < 0.0001, respectively); however, in Hispanics, religiosity was positively related to anxiety (r = 0.32, p = 0.02) as it was to PTSD symptoms. When anxiety/depression was controlled for in multivariate analyses, the religiosity-PTSD relationship in the overall sample reversed from negative to positive, approaching statistical significance (B = 0.05, SE = 0.03, p = 0.079). In Blacks, the inverse association between religiosity and PTSD was explained by quality of relationships, whereas the positive relationship in Hispanics was explained by anxiety symptoms. In conclusion, religiosity was inversely related to PTSD symptoms in Blacks, positively related to PTSD in Hispanics, and unrelated to PTSD in the overall sample and in Whites. Anxiety/depression partially mediated the relationship in the overall sample and in Hispanics. Although longitudinal studies will be necessary to determine how these relationships come about, consideration should be given to spiritual/religious interventions that target anxiety/depression in V/ADM with PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold G Koenig
- Duke University Medical Center, Box 3400, 2301 Erwin Rd, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Durham, NC, USA.
- Ningxia Medical University, 692 Shengli St, Xingqing Qu, Yinchuan Shi, 750000, Ningxia Huizuzizhiqu, China.
- King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nagy A Youssef
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center Augusta, Augusta, GA, USA
| | | | - Donna Ames
- Duke University Medical Center, Box 3400, 2301 Erwin Rd, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90073, USA
- University of California - Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Kerry Haynes
- South Texas Veterans Healthcare System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Fred Volk
- Department of Counselor Education and Family Studies, School of Behavioral Sciences, Liberty University, Lynchburg, VA, USA
| | - Ellen J Teng
- Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Abstract
Thought leaders in palliative care have long recognized the spiritual implications of illness, including Dame Cicely Saunders' groundbreaking concept of suffering as comprising physical, emotional, social, and spiritual sources of pain. However, despite such recognition, spirituality remains an oft-neglected component of the biopsychosocial spiritual model of caregiving in serious illness. We aim in this article to highlight, through an in-depth account of patients' experiences and attitudes, the concept of illness as a spiritual event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy A Balboni
- Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Michael J Balboni
- Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Roussiau N, Bailly N, Renard E. Premières étapes de construction et de validation d’une échelle de spiritualité explicite areligieuse. PRAT PSYCHOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prps.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Agli O, Bailly N, Ferrand C, Martinent G. Spirituality, quality of life, and depression in older people with dementia. JOURNAL OF RELIGION, SPIRITUALITY & AGING 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/15528030.2018.1452832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Océane Agli
- Universite Francois-Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France
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Dew R, Wilkes S. Attitudes, perceptions, and behaviours associated with hospital admission avoidance: a qualitative study of high-risk patients in primary care. Br J Gen Pract 2018; 68:e460-e468. [PMID: 29866709 PMCID: PMC6014402 DOI: 10.3399/bjgp18x697493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is little evidence documenting the attitudes, experiences, and behavioural factors of high-risk patients who are associated with avoiding hospital. AIM To explore the health, healthcare management, and behavioural factors that contribute to enabling high-risk patients to avoid unplanned hospital admissions. DESIGN AND SETTING This was an in-depth qualitative, primary care, interview study with patients who were registered on the Northumberland High Risk Patient Programme (NHRPP) in Northumberland, UK. METHOD There were 30 participants in this study, of who 21 were high-risk patients and nine were carers, spouses, or relatives. A grounded-theory approach was used to explore themes that emerged from the semi-structured interviews. RESULTS Participants described physical enablers that helped them to avoid hospital including medication, living aids, and resting; however, the benefit of these may be challenged by patient decision making. The strategies that patients used to cope with their health conditions included acceptance, positive reinterpretation, and growth. Participants felt that support networks of family and friends helped them to avoid hospital, although the strain on the spouse should be considered. The majority of patients described having trust and confidence in their healthcare providers, and continuity of care was important to patients. CONCLUSION Reinforcing the importance of the physical enablers, as well as support networks to patients, carers, and healthcare providers, could help patients to avoid hospital. Highlighting the coping strategies that patients use may help patients to manage their health, while promoting continuity of care will also contribute to helping high-risk patients to avoid unplanned hospital admissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosie Dew
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland
| | - Scott Wilkes
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Sunderland, Sunderland
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Das S, Punnoose VP, Doval N, Nair VY. Spirituality, religiousness and coping in patients with schizophrenia: A cross sectional study in a tertiary care hospital. Psychiatry Res 2018; 265:238-243. [PMID: 29758493 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Religion is a form of coping that helps individuals to deal with a wide variety of difficult life situations. But most of the research in this field has been in acute patients of schizophrenia. Also, most of the research on religion and schizophrenia has focused on religion and spirituality as coping mechanisms, and research evaluating the relationship between spirituality/religiousness and repertoire of other coping skills is sparse. Our objective was to evaluate the association between spirituality, religiousness and coping skills in patients with schizophrenia in remission. Hence, a total of 48 consecutive patients with schizophrenia were assessed on Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP), WHO Quality of Life-Spirituality, Religiousness and Personal Belief scale (WHOQOL-SRPB) and Ways of Coping Checklist - Revised (WCC). Findings were described as patients who used more religiosity and spirituality as measured with WHO-SRPB domain score were better in their managing their stress as they used all the adaptive strategies like planful problem solving, positive reappraisal, distancing, self-controlling, seeking social support rather than maladaptive skills like confrontive coping and escape avoidance. A sound spiritual, religious, or personal belief system positively affects active and adaptive coping skills in patients with schizophrenia during remission, thus helping the individual to cope with illness related stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumitra Das
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India.
| | | | - Nimisha Doval
- Department of Psychiatry, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS), Delhi, India
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Spirituality and Wellbeing in the Context of a Study on Suicide Prevention in North India. RELIGIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/rel9060183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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31
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Caporossi J, Trouillet R, Brouillet D. Validation de la version française d’une échelle abrégée de coping religieux : Brief-RCOPE. PSYCHOLOGIE FRANCAISE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.psfr.2011.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Jyothi KS, Sumesh TP. RELIGIOSITY AND SPIRITUALITY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PAIN SYNDROME- A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.18410/jebmh/2018/247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Pearce M, Haynes K, Rivera NR, Koenig HG. Spiritually Integrated Cognitive Processing Therapy: A New Treatment for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder That Targets Moral Injury. Glob Adv Health Med 2018; 7:2164956118759939. [PMID: 29497585 PMCID: PMC5824894 DOI: 10.1177/2164956118759939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating disorder, and current treatments leave the majority of patients with unresolved symptoms. Moral injury (MI) may be one of the barriers that interfere with recovery from PTSD, particularly among current or former military service members. OBJECTIVE Given the psychological and spiritual aspects of MI, an intervention that addresses MI using spiritual resources in addition to psychological resources may be particularly effective in treating PTSD. To date, there are no existing empirically based individual treatments for PTSD and MI that make explicit use of a patient's spiritual resources, despite the evidence that spiritual beliefs/activities predict faster recovery from PTSD. METHOD To address this gap, we adapted Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT), an empirically validated treatment for PTSD, to integrate clients' spiritual beliefs, practices, values, and motivations. We call this treatment Spiritually Integrated CPT (SICPT). RESULTS This article describes this novel manualized therapeutic approach for treating MI in the setting of PTSD for spiritual/religious clients. We provide a description of SICPT and a brief summary of the 12 sessions. Then, we describe a case study in which the therapist helps a client use his spiritual resources to resolve MI and assist in the recovery from PTSD. CONCLUSION SICPT may be a helpful way to reduce PTSD by targeting MI, addressing spiritual distress, and using a client's spiritual resources. In addition to the spiritual version (applicable for those of any religion and those who do not identify as religious), we have also developed 5 religion-specific manuals (Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, and Hinduism) for clients who desire a more religion-specific approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Pearce
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Center for Integrative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kerry Haynes
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Natalia R Rivera
- 254th MED DET (COSC), 332d Expeditionary Medical Group Clinic, MSAB
| | - Harold G. Koenig
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Psychiatry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Azale T, Fekadu A, Medhin G, Hanlon C. Coping strategies of women with postpartum depression symptoms in rural Ethiopia: a cross-sectional community study. BMC Psychiatry 2018; 18:41. [PMID: 29422037 PMCID: PMC5806287 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-018-1624-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most women with postpartum depression (PPD) in low- and middle-income countries remain undiagnosed and untreated, despite evidence for adverse effects on the woman and her child. The aim of this study was to identify the coping strategies used by women with PPD symptoms in rural Ethiopia to inform the development of socio-culturally appropriate interventions. METHODS A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in a predominantly rural district in southern Ethiopia. All women with live infants between one and 12 months post-partum (n = 3147) were screened for depression symptoms using the validated Patient Health Questionnaire, 9 item version (PHQ-9). Those scoring five or more, 'high PPD symptoms', (n = 385) were included in this study. The Brief Coping with Problems Experienced (COPE-28) scale was used to assess coping strategies. Construct validity of the brief COPE was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analysis of the brief COPE scale supported the previously hypothesized three dimensions of coping (problem-focused, emotion-focused, and dysfunctional). Emotion-focused coping was the most commonly employed coping strategy by women with PPD symptoms. Urban residence was associated positively with all three dimensions of coping. Women who had attended formal education and who attributed their symptoms to a physical cause were more likely to use both problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies. Women with better subjective wealth and those who perceived that their husband drank too much alcohol were more likely to use emotion-focused coping. Dysfunctional coping strategies were reported by women who had a poor relationship with their husbands. CONCLUSIONS As in high-income countries, women with PPD symptoms were most likely to use emotion-focused and dysfunctional coping strategies. Poverty and the low level of awareness of depression as an illness may additionally impede problem-solving attempts to cope. Prospective studies are needed to understand the prognostic significance of coping styles in this setting and to inform psychosocial intervention development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Telake Azale
- 0000 0000 8539 4635grid.59547.3aUniversity of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia ,Addis Ababa University, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, 9086 Addis Ababa, PO Ethiopia
| | - Abebaw Fekadu
- Addis Ababa University, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, 9086 Addis Ababa, PO Ethiopia ,0000 0001 2322 6764grid.13097.3cKing’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, Centre for Affective Disorders, London, UK
| | - Girmay Medhin
- 0000 0001 1250 5688grid.7123.7Addis Ababa University, Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Charlotte Hanlon
- Addis Ababa University, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, 9086, Addis Ababa, PO, Ethiopia. .,King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Centre for Global Mental Health, London, UK.
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Koh SB, Kim TH, Min S, Lee K, Kang DR, Choi JR. Exposure to pesticide as a risk factor for depression: A population-based longitudinal study in Korea. Neurotoxicology 2017; 62:181-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ng GC, Mohamed S, Sulaiman AH, Zainal NZ. Anxiety and Depression in Cancer Patients: The Association with Religiosity and Religious Coping. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2017; 56:575-590. [PMID: 27287259 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-016-0267-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
There is a lack of studies looking into religiosity and religious coping in cancer patient. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the religiosity using Duke University Religion Index, religious coping using Brief Religious Coping Scale, anxiety and depression based on Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale among 200 cancer patients. The association between religiosity and religious coping with anxiety and depression was studied. The findings showed that subjects with anxiety or depression used more negative religious coping and had lower non-organization religiosity. Hence, measurements in reducing negative religious coping and encouraging religious activities could help to reduce psychological distress in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Chong Ng
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Salina Mohamed
- Department of Psychological & Behavioural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Hatim Sulaiman
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Zuraida Zainal
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Rationale for Spiritually Oriented Cognitive Processing Therapy for Moral Injury in Active Duty Military and Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. J Nerv Ment Dis 2017; 205:147-153. [PMID: 28129259 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000000554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Wartime experiences have long been known to cause ethical conflict, guilt, self-condemnation, difficulty forgiving, loss of trust, lack of meaning and purpose, and spiritual struggles. "Moral injury" (MI) (also sometimes called "inner conflict") is the term used to capture this emotional, cognitive, and behavioral state. In this article, we provide rationale for developing and testing Spiritually Oriented Cognitive Processing Therapy, a version of standard cognitive processing therapy for the treatment of MI in active duty and veteran service members (SMs) with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms who are spiritual or religious (S/R). Many SMs have S/R beliefs that could increase vulnerability to MI. Because the injury is to deeply held moral standards and ethical values and often adversely affects spiritual beliefs and worldview, we believe that those who are S/R will respond more favorably to a therapy that directly targets this injury from a spiritually oriented perspective. An evidence-based treatment for MI in posttraumatic stress disorder that not only respects but also utilizes SMs' spiritual beliefs/behaviors may open the door to treatment for many S/R military personnel.
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Hosseini S, Chaurasia A, Cooke M, Oremus M. Effect of religious involvement on cognition from a life-course perspective: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e011301. [PMID: 27601488 PMCID: PMC5020749 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preserving cognitive health is a crucial aspect of healthy ageing. Both abnormal and normal cognitive decline can adversely affect the health of ageing populations. Evidence suggests religious involvement (RI) can preserve cognition in ageing populations. The primary purpose of this review is to examine the evidence regarding the association between RI and cognition from a life-course perspective. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This systematic review and meta-analysis has been registered with PROSPERO (registration number CRD42016032331). We will search MEDLINE, PSYCHINFO and EMBASE, and include primary studies with a comparison group, for example, cohort, cross-sectional and case-control studies. To supplement the database search, we will also search the grey literature and the reference lists of included studies. Two reviewers will independently assess and extract data from the articles. Risk of bias and the strength of evidence will be assessed. For sufficiently homogeneous data in domains such as study methods and measures of RI and cognition, we will pool the results using DerSimonian and Laird meta-analysis. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Since this is a protocol for a systematic review, ethics approval is not required. The findings of this review will be extensively disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shera Hosseini
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ashok Chaurasia
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin Cooke
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark Oremus
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Joo Y, Roh S. Risk factors associated with depression and suicidal ideation in a rural population. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND TOXICOLOGY 2016; 31:e2016018. [PMID: 27608717 PMCID: PMC5080792 DOI: 10.5620/eht.e2016018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors associated with depression and suicidal ideation in a rural population. METHODS A survey was conducted with 543 farmers from Chungcheongnam-do Province using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) for depression, Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS) for social support, Swedish Q16 for neurotoxicity symptoms and a survey tool for farmer's syndrome. RESULTS After adjusting for socioeconomic factors using logistic regression analysis, poor self-rated health, low social support and neurotoxicity were positively associated with the risk of depression (odds ratio [OR], 15.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.11 to 81.97; OR, 3.14; 95% CI, 1.26 to 7.82; and OR, 3.68; 95% CI, 1.08 to 12.57, respectively). The risk of suicidal ideation significantly increased with low social support, neurotoxicity and farmer's syndrome (OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.18 to 4.40; OR, 6.17; 95% CI, 2.85 to 13.34; and OR, 3.70; 95% CI, 1.51 to 9.07, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Given the overall results of this study, there is a need to establish programs which can improve the health and social relationships of farmers. Also, when farmers have neurological symptoms from pesticide exposure and characteristic symptoms of farmer's syndrome, a monitoring system for depression and suicide must be made available.Conclusions: Given the overall results of this study, there is a need to establish programs which can improve the health and social relationships of farmers. Also, when farmers have neurological symptoms from pesticide exposure and characteristic symptoms of farmer's syndrome, a monitoring system for depression and suicide must be made available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosub Joo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sangchul Roh
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
- Center for Farmers’ Safety and Health, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
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Musick MA, Blazer DG, Hays JC. Religious Activity, Alcohol Use, and Depression in a Sample of Elderly Baptists. Res Aging 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0164027500222001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent research has shown the beneficial effects of religious activity for individual health and well-being among older adults. The purpose of this article is to determine whether breaking the norms of the religious group can have deleterious consequences for individual mental health and whether this effect is exacerbated by frequent service attendance. To test these ideas, the authors used two waves of data collected from a sample of older adults (age 65 and over) living in central North Carolina. Using only sample members who reported an affiliation with a Baptist denomination, the authors tested whether attending services more often and living in rural areas were associated with a smaller likelihood of alcohol use. The authors further tested whether the use of alcohol in this sample was associated with higher counts of depressive symptoms. The results indicate that older Baptists who lived in rural areas and who attended services more often were less likely to use alcohol. It was also found that alcohol use had no effect on depressive symptoms. One exception to this latter finding was that among rural Baptists who rarely attended religious services, using alcohol was associated with more depressive symptoms.
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Michalski MJ, Vanderwerker LC, Prigerson HG. Assessing Grief and Bereavement: Observations from the Field. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2016; 54:91-106. [PMID: 17876964 DOI: 10.2190/d62r-21h8-2233-403w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to describe the evaluations involved in the Yale Bereavement Study (YBS), a three-year NIMH and NCI-funded longitudinal study conducted from January 2000 through May 2003. The quantitative and qualitative questions included in the YBS gave the respondents an opportunity to describe their most recent loss, rate and review their past losses, and assess all aspects of their current life situations. In this article, the first author describes, in a qualitative manner, the ways in which this assessment, per se, appeared helpful and not harmful to the respondents. Also, developed here is the implication for potential application of a modified version of the YBS which could be used in both research and clinical practice.
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Wirth AG, Büssing A. Utilized Resources of Hope, Orientation, and Inspiration in Life of Persons with Multiple Sclerosis and Their Association with Life Satisfaction, Adaptive Coping Strategies, and Spirituality. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2016; 55:1359-1380. [PMID: 26169606 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-015-0089-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In a cross-sectional survey among 213 patients with multiple sclerosis, we intended to analyze their resources of hope, orientation, and inspiration in life, and how these resources are related to health-associated variables, adaptive coping strategies, and life satisfaction. Resources were categorized as Faith (10 %), Family (22 %), Other sources (16 %), and No answer (53 %). These non-respondents were predominantly neither religious nor spiritual (70 % R-S-). Although R-S- persons are a heterogeneous group with varying existential interest, they did not significantly differ from their spiritual/religious counterparts with respect to physical and mental health or life satisfaction, but for an adaptive Reappraisal strategy and Gratitude/Awe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Gritli Wirth
- Quality of Life, Spirituality and Coping, Faculty of Health, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Gerhard-Kienle-Weg 4, 58313, Herdecke, Germany
| | - Arndt Büssing
- Quality of Life, Spirituality and Coping, Faculty of Health, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Gerhard-Kienle-Weg 4, 58313, Herdecke, Germany.
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Alferi SM, Culver JL, Carver CS, Arena PL, Antoni MH. Religiosity, Religious Coping, and Distress. J Health Psychol 2016; 4:343-56. [DOI: 10.1177/135910539900400304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Religious involvement was measured in a sample of 49 lower socio-economic status Hispanic women who were newly diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer. Religious coping and emotional distress were assessed at pre-surgery, post-surgery, and at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. Among Catholic women, greater religiosity tended to be associated with more distress throughout the year; among Evangelical women, in contrast, greater religiosity tended to be associated with less distress throughout the year. These correlations were significantly different at two measurement points. Similarly, religious coping tended to have divergent effects in the two groups. Among Catholics, church attendance at 6 months predicted greater distress at 12 months; among Evangelical women, obtaining emotional support from church members at 6 months predicted less distress at 12 months. These various differences are interpreted in terms of differences in the ideologies of the two religious groups.
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Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the use of religious services to improve health among middle-aged and older adults with multiple sclerosis (MS). Method: Data from the study “Aging With MS: Unmet Needs in the Great Lakes Region” were used to investigate religious service use among 1,275 adults with MS. Results: The findings indicate that nearly two thirds of the sample currently use religious services to improve their health or well-being. Individuals whose MS is stable and those who have had the disease longer are significantly more likely to use religious services to improve their health. Conclusions: Religious organizations should continue providing out-reach and increasing accessibility for individuals with disabling conditions. In addition, health care professionals should be aware of the importance of religious services to individuals with MS and do their part to facilitate participation for those who desire it.
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Zimmer Z, Jagger C, Chiu CT, Ofstedal MB, Rojo F, Saito Y. Spirituality, religiosity, aging and health in global perspective: A review. SSM Popul Health 2016; 2:373-381. [PMID: 29349154 PMCID: PMC5758000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent population aging worldwide is focusing attention on modifiable factors that can improve later life health. There is evidence that religiosity and spirituality are among such factors. Older people tend to have high rates of involvement in religious and/or spiritual endeavors and it is possible that population aging will be associated with increasing prevalence of religious and spiritual activity worldwide. Despite increasing research on religiosity, spirituality and health among older persons, population aging worldwide suggests the need for a globally integrated approach. As a step toward this, we review a subset of the literature on the impact of religiosity and spirituality on health in later life. We find that much of this has looked at the relationship between religiosity/spirituality and longevity as well as physical and mental health. Mechanisms include social support, health behaviors, stress and psychosocial factors. We identify a number of gaps in current knowledge. Many previous studies have taken place in the U.S. and Europe. Much data is cross-sectional, limiting ability to make causal inference. Religiosity and spirituality can be difficult to define and distinguish and the two concepts are often considered together, though on balance religiosity has received more attention than spirituality. The latter may however be equally important. Although there is evidence that religiosity is associated with longer life and better physical and mental health, these outcomes have been investigated separately rather than together such as in measures of health expectancy. In conclusion, there is a need for a unified and nuanced approach to understanding how religiosity and spirituality impact on health and longevity within a context of global aging, in particular whether they result in longer healthy life rather than just longer life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Zimmer
- University of California, San Francisco, USA.,Mount Saint Vincent University, Canada
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Mokhtaryan T, Yazdanpanahi Z, Akbarzadeh M, Amooee S, Zare N. The impact of Islamic religious education on anxiety level in primipara mothers. J Family Med Prim Care 2016; 5:331-337. [PMID: 27843837 PMCID: PMC5084557 DOI: 10.4103/2249-4863.192314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Anxiety is among the most common pregnancy complications. This study was conducted to examine the impact of religious teaching on anxiety in primiparous mothers referring to the selected perinatal clinics of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2013. Materials and Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on the pregnant women in 20–28 weeks of gestation referring to the selected clinics of Tehran University of Medical Sciences from July 2013 to June 2014. The subjects were selected through simple random sampling and divided into religious education and control groups. To assess the individuals, a demographic questionnaire, an anxiety trait State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and a religious knowledge and attitude trait (pre- test and post-test and 1 or 2 months after the test) were filled in by the two groups. Training classes (religious knowledge and attitude trait) for the cases were held in 6 weeks, and the sessions lasted for 1½ h. Results: The knowledge and attitude scores showed significant differences in the controls and cases after the intervention (P = 0.001) and 2 months after the study (P = 0.001). According to the results of independent t-test, a significant difference was found in the state anxiety score (P = 0.002) and personal score (P = 0.0197) between the two groups before the intervention; however, the results were strongly significant different after the intervention and 2 months after the study (P ≤ 0.001). Conclusions: The improvement in the mothers’ knowledge and attitude in religious subjects will reduce anxiety in primiparas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Mokhtaryan
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Yazdanpanahi
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Akbarzadeh
- Department of Midwifery, Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Amooee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Infertility Research Centre, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Najaf Zare
- Department of Biostatistics, Infertility Research Centre, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Collison EA, Gramling SE, Lord BD. The role of religious affiliation in Christian and unaffiliated bereaved emerging adults' use of religious coping. DEATH STUDIES 2015; 40:102-112. [PMID: 26313501 DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2015.1077355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Though research on bereavement has grown, few studies have focused on emerging adults. To add to the literature, the authors administered the RCOPE to a sample of bereaved college students (analyzed sample N = 748) and explored the relationship between self-reported religious affiliation and religious coping strategies used and endorsed as "most helpful." Results highlight the rich topography of bereavement previously unexamined in understudied populations (i.e., emerging adults, religiously unaffiliated). Specifically, the Christians/affiliated used "negative" religious coping strategies most often, yet identified "positive" strategies as "most helpful," whereas the unaffiliated instead used "positive" strategies most often and identified "negative" strategies as "most helpful."
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Collison
- a Department of Psychology , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA
| | - Sandra E Gramling
- a Department of Psychology , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA
| | - Benjamin D Lord
- a Department of Psychology , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA
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Rosmarin DH, Forester BP, Shassian DM, Webb CA, Björgvinsson T. Interest in spiritually integrated psychotherapy among acute psychiatric patients. J Consult Clin Psychol 2015; 83:1149-53. [PMID: 26280491 DOI: 10.1037/ccp0000046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Spiritually integrated psychotherapy (SIP) is increasingly common, though systematic assessment of interest in such treatments, and predictors of such interest, has not yet been conducted among acute psychiatric patients. METHODS We conducted a survey with 253 acute psychiatric patients (95-99% response rate) at a private psychiatric hospital in Eastern Massachusetts to assess for interest in SIP, religious affiliation, and general spiritual or religious involvement alongside clinical and demographic factors. RESULTS More than half (58.2%) of patients reported "fairly" or greater interest in SIP, and 17.4% reported "very much" interest. Demographic and clinical factors were not significant predictors except that current depression predicted greater interest. Religious affiliation and general spiritual or religious involvement were associated with more interest; however, many affiliated patients reported low or no interest (42%), and conversely many unaffiliated patients reported "fairly" or greater interest (37%). CONCLUSIONS Many acute psychiatric patients, particularly individuals with major depression, report interest in integrating spirituality into their mental health care. Assessment of interest in SIP should be considered in the context of clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Rosmarin
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | - Brent P Forester
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | | | - Christian A Webb
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School
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