1
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Spaziani S, Esposito A, Barisciano G, Quero G, Elumalai S, Leo M, Colantuoni V, Mangini M, Pisco M, Sabatino L, De Luca AC, Cusano A. Combined SERS-Raman screening of HER2-overexpressing or silenced breast cancer cell lines. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:350. [PMID: 38902746 PMCID: PMC11188264 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02600-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous neoplasm characterized by several subtypes. One of the most aggressive with high metastasis rates presents overexpression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). A quantitative evaluation of HER2 levels is essential for a correct diagnosis, selection of the most appropriate therapeutic strategy and monitoring the response to therapy. RESULTS In this paper, we propose the synergistic use of SERS and Raman technologies for the identification of HER2 expressing cells and its accurate assessment. To this end, we selected SKBR3 and MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cell lines, which have the highest and lowest HER2 expression, respectively, and MCF10A, a non-tumorigenic cell line from normal breast epithelium for comparison. The combined approach provides a quantitative estimate of HER2 expression and visualization of its distribution on the membrane at single cell level, clearly identifying cancer cells. Moreover, it provides a more comprehensive picture of the investigated cells disclosing a metabolic signature represented by an elevated content of proteins and aromatic amino acids. We further support these data by silencing the HER2 gene in SKBR3 cells, using the RNA interference technology, generating stable clones further analysed with the same combined methodology. Significant changes in HER2 expression are detected at single cell level before and after HER2 silencing and the HER2 status correlates with variations of fatty acids and downstream signalling molecule contents in the context of the general metabolic rewiring occurring in cancer cells. Specifically, HER2 silencing does reduce the growth ability but not the lipid metabolism that, instead, increases, suggesting that higher fatty acids biosynthesis and metabolism can occur independently of the proliferating potential tied to HER2 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS Our results clearly demonstrate the efficacy of the combined SERS and Raman approach to definitely pose a correct diagnosis, further supported by the data obtained by the HER2 gene silencing. Furthermore, they pave the way to a new approach to monitor the efficacy of pharmacologic treatments with the aim to tailor personalized therapies and optimize patients' outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Spaziani
- Optoelectronic Division-Engineering Department, University of Sannio, Benevento, 82100, Italy
- Centro Regionale Information Communication Technology (CeRICT Scrl), Benevento, 82100, Italy
| | - Alessandro Esposito
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology G. Salvatore, IEOS, second unit, Via P. Castellino 111, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Giovannina Barisciano
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, 82100, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Quero
- Biosciences and Territory Department, University of Molise, Pesche, 86090, Italy
| | - Satheeshkumar Elumalai
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology G. Salvatore, IEOS, second unit, Via P. Castellino 111, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Manuela Leo
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, 82100, Italy
| | - Vittorio Colantuoni
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, 82100, Italy
| | - Maria Mangini
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology G. Salvatore, IEOS, second unit, Via P. Castellino 111, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Marco Pisco
- Optoelectronic Division-Engineering Department, University of Sannio, Benevento, 82100, Italy.
- Centro Regionale Information Communication Technology (CeRICT Scrl), Benevento, 82100, Italy.
| | - Lina Sabatino
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, 82100, Italy.
| | - Anna Chiara De Luca
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology G. Salvatore, IEOS, second unit, Via P. Castellino 111, Naples, 80131, Italy.
| | - Andrea Cusano
- Optoelectronic Division-Engineering Department, University of Sannio, Benevento, 82100, Italy
- Centro Regionale Information Communication Technology (CeRICT Scrl), Benevento, 82100, Italy
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2
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Skinner W, Robinson N, Hardisty GR, Gray RD, Campbell CJ. SERS Microsensors for the Study of pH Regulation in Cystic Fibrosis Patient-Derived Airway Cultures. ACS Sens 2024; 9:2550-2557. [PMID: 38659220 PMCID: PMC11129347 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Acidification of the airway surface liquid in the respiratory system could play a role in the pathology of Cystic Fibrosis, but its low volume and proximity to the airway epithelium make it a challenging biological environment in which to noninvasively collect pH measurements. To address this challenge, we explored surface enhanced Raman scattering microsensors (SERS-MS), with a 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (MBA) pH reporter molecule, as pH sensors for the airway surface liquid of patient-derived in vitro models of the human airway. Using air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures to model the respiratory epithelium, we show that SERS-MS facilitates the optical measurement of trans-epithelial pH gradients between the airway surface liquid and the basolateral culture medium. SERS-MS also enabled the successful quantification of pH changes in the airway surface liquid following stimulation of the Cystic Fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR, the apical ion channel that is dysfunctional in Cystic Fibrosis airways). Finally, the influence of CFTR mutations on baseline airway surface liquid pH was explored by using SERS-MS to measure the pH in ALIs grown from Cystic Fibrosis and non-Cystic Fibrosis donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- William
H. Skinner
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, Mayfield
Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K.
| | - Nicola Robinson
- Centre
for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, U.K.
| | - Gareth R. Hardisty
- Centre
for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, U.K.
| | - Robert D. Gray
- School
of Infection and Immunity, University of
Glasgow, Sir Graeme Davies
Building, University Place G12 8QQ, Scotland
| | - Colin J. Campbell
- EaStCHEM
School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, Mayfield
Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K.
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3
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Morder CJ, Schultz ZD. A 3D printed sheath flow interface for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection in flow. Analyst 2024; 149:1849-1860. [PMID: 38347805 PMCID: PMC10926779 DOI: 10.1039/d3an02125d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an effective technique for detecting molecules in aqueous solutions due to its insensitivity to water, which makes it especially useful for biological samples. Utilizing SERS in flow can aid in a variety of applications such as metabolomics, pharmaceuticals, and diagnostics. The ability to 3D print complex objects enables rapid dissemination of prototypes. A 3D printed flow cell for sheath flow SERS detection has been developed that can incorporate a variety of planar substrates. The 3D printed flow cell incorporates hydrodynamic focusing, a sheath flow, that confines the analyte near the SERS substrate. Since the SERS signal obtained relies on the interaction between analyte molecules and nanostructures, sheath flow increases the detection efficiency and eliminates many issues associated with SERS detection in solution. This device was optimized by analyzing both molecules and particles with and without using sheath flow for SERS detection. Our results show that the flow rates can be optimized to increase the SERS signal obtained from a variety of analytes, and that the signal was increased when using sheath flow. This 3D printed flow cell offers a straightforward method to disseminate this technology and to facilitate online SERS detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney J Morder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 140 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Zachary D Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 140 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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4
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Morder CJ, Schorr HC, Balss KM, Schultz ZD. Bleach Cleaning of Commercially Available Gold Nanopillar Arrays for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS). APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 78:268-276. [PMID: 38112337 PMCID: PMC10921819 DOI: 10.1177/00037028231219721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a highly sensitive technique that can assist in trace analysis for biomedical, diagnostic, and environmental applications. However, a major limitation of SERS is surface contamination of the substrates used, which can complicate the spectral reproducibility, limits of detection, and detection of unknown analytes. This is especially prevalent with commercially available substrates as shipping under a controlled and clean environment is difficult. Here we report a method using dilute bleach solutions to remove surface contamination from commercially available substrates consisting of gold-coated nanopillar arrays that maintains functionality. The results show that this method can be used to remove background signals associated with typical surface contamination in commercially available substrates as well as remove thiolated self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). Results indicate the bleach oxidizes the surface contaminants, which can then be easily washed away. Although the metallic surface also becomes oxidized in this process, the surface can be reduced without loss of SERS activity. The SERS intensity of SAMs improved following bleach treatment across all concentrations studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney J. Morder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 140 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hannah C. Schorr
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 140 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Karin M. Balss
- Emerging Technologies, Manufacturing Science and Technology, Janssen Supply Chain, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Zachary D. Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 140 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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5
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Chae S, Kim MS, Kim JH, Fortner JD. Nanobubble Reactivity: Evaluating Hydroxyl Radical Generation (or Lack Thereof) under Ambient Conditions. ACS ES&T ENGINEERING 2023; 3:1504-1510. [PMID: 37854075 PMCID: PMC10581208 DOI: 10.1021/acsestengg.3c00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanobubble (NB) generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially hydroxyl radical (·OH), has been controversial. In this work, we extensively characterize NBs in solution, with a focus on ROS generation (as ·OH), through a number of methods including degradation of ·OH-specific target compounds, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and a fluorescence-based indicator. Generated NBs exhibit consistent physical characteristics (size, surface potential, and concentration) when compared with previous studies. For conditions described, which are considered as high O2 NB concentrations, no degradation of benzoic acid (BA), a well-studied ·OH scavenger, was observed in the presence of NBs (over 24 h) and no EPR signal for ·OH was detected. While a positive fluorescence response was measured when using a fluorescence probe for ·OH, aminophenyl fluorescein (APF), we provide an alternate explanation for the result. Gas/liquid interfacial characterization indicates that the surface of a NB is proton-rich and capable of inducing acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of APF, which results in a false (positive) fluorescence response. Given these negative results, we conclude that NB-induced ·OH generation is minimal, if at all, for conditions evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung
Hee Chae
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, 17 Hillhouse Ave., New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Min Sik Kim
- Department
of Environmental Engineering and Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hong Kim
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, 17 Hillhouse Ave., New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - John D. Fortner
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, 17 Hillhouse Ave., New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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6
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Wu X, Yang K, He S, Zhu F, Kang S, Liu B, Sun C, Pang W, Wang Y. Dual-functional gold nanorods micro pattern guiding cell alignment and cellular microenvironment monitoring. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 647:429-437. [PMID: 37269739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.05.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Surface topography has become a powerful tool to control cell behaviors, however, it's still difficult to monitor cellular microenvironment changes during topography-induced cell responses. Here, a dual-functional platform integrating cell alignment with extracellular pH (pHe) measurement is proposed. The platform is fabricated by assembling gold nanorods (AuNRs) into micro pattern via wettability difference interface method, which provides topographical cues and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect for cell alignment and biochemical detection respectively. Results demonstrate that contact guidance and cell morphology changes are achieved by the AuNRs micro pattern, and pHe are also obtained by the changes of SERS spectra during cell alignment, where the pHe near cytoplasm is lower than nucleus, revealing the heterogeneity of extracellular microenvironment. Moreover, a correlation between lower extracellular pH and higher cell migration ability is revealed, and AuNRs micro pattern can differentiate cells with different migration ability, which may be an inheritable character during cell division. Furthermore, mesenchymal stem cells response dramatically to AuNRs micro pattern, showing different morphology and increased pHe level, offering the potential of impacting stem cell differentiation. This approach provides a new idea for the research of cell regulation and response mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shan He
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shenghui Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bohua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chongling Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wei Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, College of Precision Instruments and Opto-electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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7
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Golubewa L, Klimovich A, Timoshchenko I, Padrez Y, Fetisova M, Rehman H, Karvinen P, Selskis A, Adomavičiu̅tė-Grabusovė S, Matulaitienė I, Ramanavicius A, Karpicz R, Kulahava T, Svirko Y, Kuzhir P. Stable and Reusable Lace-like Black Silicon Nanostructures Coated with Nanometer-Thick Gold Films for SERS-Based Sensing. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2023; 6:4770-4781. [PMID: 37006910 PMCID: PMC10043874 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.3c00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
We propose a simple, fast, and low-cost method for producing Au-coated black Si-based SERS-active substrates with a proven enhancement factor of 106. Room temperature reactive ion etching of silicon wafer followed by nanometer-thin gold sputtering allows the formation of a highly developed lace-type Si surface covered with homogeneously distributed gold islands. The mosaic structure of deposited gold allows the use of Au-uncovered Si domains for Raman peak intensity normalization. The fabricated SERS substrates have prominent uniformity (with less than 6% SERS signal variations over large areas, 100 × 100 μm2). It has been found that the storage of SERS-active substrates in an ambient environment reduces the SERS signal by less than 3% in 1 month and not more than 40% in 20 months. We showed that Au-coated black Si-based SERS-active substrates can be reused after oxygen plasma cleaning and developed relevant protocols for removing covalently bonded and electrostatically attached molecules. Experiments revealed that the Raman signal of 4-MBA molecules covalently bonded to the Au coating measured after the 10th cycle was just 4 times lower than that observed for the virgin substrate. A case study of the reusability of the black Si-based substrate was conducted for the subsequent detection of 10-5 M doxorubicin, a widely used anticancer drug, after the reuse cycle. The obtained SERS spectra of doxorubicin were highly reproducible. We demonstrated that the fabricated substrate permits not only qualitative but also quantitative monitoring of analytes and is suitable for the determination of concentrations of doxorubicin in the range of 10-9-10-4 M. Reusable, stable, reliable, durable, low-cost Au-coated black Si-based SERS-active substrates are promising tools for routine laboratory research in different areas of science and healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Golubewa
- Department
of Molecular Compound Physics, State Research
Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Av. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
- Department
of Physics and Mathematics, Center for Photonics Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
| | - Aliona Klimovich
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, State Research Institute
Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Av. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Igor Timoshchenko
- Department
of Molecular Compound Physics, State Research
Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Av. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Yaraslau Padrez
- Department
of Molecular Compound Physics, State Research
Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Av. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Marina Fetisova
- Department
of Physics and Mathematics, Center for Photonics Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
| | - Hamza Rehman
- Department
of Physics and Mathematics, Center for Photonics Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
| | - Petri Karvinen
- Department
of Physics and Mathematics, Center for Photonics Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
| | - Algirdas Selskis
- Department
of Characterization of Materials Structure, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Av. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
| | | | - Ieva Matulaitienė
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, State Research Institute
Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Av. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, Vilnius LT-03225, Lithuania
| | - Renata Karpicz
- Department
of Molecular Compound Physics, State Research
Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Av. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Tatsiana Kulahava
- Department
of Molecular Compound Physics, State Research
Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Sauletekio Av. 3, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania
| | - Yuri Svirko
- Department
of Physics and Mathematics, Center for Photonics Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
| | - Polina Kuzhir
- Department
of Physics and Mathematics, Center for Photonics Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, Joensuu FI-80101, Finland
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8
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Becerril-Castro IB, Calderon I, Ockova J, Liebel M, van Hulst NF, Giannini V, Alvarez-Puebla RA. Direct Modular Printing of Plasmonic Chemosensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:57165-57170. [PMID: 36516398 PMCID: PMC9801379 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Here, we present and implement a new approach for producing modular inkjet-printable surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) chemosensors. These sensors, combined with a rapid large field-of-view imaging system allow for fast imaging of the chemical characteristics of a sample. The performance of these materials is illustrated by printing a pH sensor on paper and interrogating aqueous solutions at different pH values. Results show single-shot images exceeding 9 mm2 which are readily read out via SERS imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Brian Becerril-Castro
- Department
of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Universitat
Rovira i Virgili, Marcel·lí Domingo SN (Edificio N5), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Irene Calderon
- Department
of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Universitat
Rovira i Virgili, Marcel·lí Domingo SN (Edificio N5), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jana Ockova
- ICFO, Av. Carl Friedrich Gauss 3, 08860 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matz Liebel
- ICFO, Av. Carl Friedrich Gauss 3, 08860 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Niek F. van Hulst
- ICFO, Av. Carl Friedrich Gauss 3, 08860 Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Giannini
- Instituto
de Estructura de la Materia (IEM), Consejo
Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Serrano 121, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Technology
Innovation Institute, Masdar City 50819, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Centre of
Excellence ENSEMBLE3 sp. z o.o., Wolczynska 133, 01-919 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ramon A. Alvarez-Puebla
- Department
of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Universitat
Rovira i Virgili, Marcel·lí Domingo SN (Edificio N5), 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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9
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Zoltowski CM, Shoup DN, Schultz ZD. Investigation of SERS Frequency Fluctuations Relevant to Sensing and Catalysis. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2022; 126:14547-14557. [PMID: 37425396 PMCID: PMC10327581 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c03150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The excitation of plasmon resonances on nanoparticles generates locally enhanced electric fields commonly used for sensing applications and energetic charge carriers can drive chemical transformations as photocatalysts. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra from mercaptobenzoic acid (MBA) adsorbed to gold nanoparticles (AuNP) and silica encapsulated gold nanoparticles (AuNP@silica) can be used to assess the impact of energetic charge carriers on the observed signal. Measurements were recorded using a traditional point focused Raman spectroscopy and a wide-field spectral imaging approach to assess changes in the spectra of the different particles at increasing power density. The wide-field approach provides an increase in sampling statistics and shows evidence of SERS frequency fluctuations from MBA at low power densities, where it is commonly difficult to record spectra from a point focused spot. The increased spectral resolution of the point spectroscopy measurement provides improved peak identification and the ability to correlate the frequency fluctuations to charged intermediate species. Interestingly, our work suggests that isolated nanoparticles may undergo frequency fluctuations more readily than aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zachary D. Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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10
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Tanwar S, Kim JH, Bulte JWM, Barman I. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering: An emerging tool for sensing cellular function. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1802. [PMID: 35510405 PMCID: PMC9302385 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Continuous long-term intracellular imaging and multiplexed monitoring of biomolecular changes associated with key cellular processes remains a challenge for the scientific community. Recently, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been demonstrated as a powerful spectroscopic tool in the field of biology owing to its significant advantages. Some of these include the ability to provide molecule-specific information with exquisite sensitivity, working with small volumes of precious samples, real-time monitoring, and optimal optical contrast. More importantly, the availability of a large number of novel Raman reporters with narrower full width at half maximum (FWHM) of spectral peaks/vibrational modes than conventional fluorophores has created a versatile palette of SERS-based probes that allow targeted multiplex sensing surpassing the detection sensitivity of even fluorescent probes. Due to its nondestructive nature, its applicability has been recognized for biological sensing, molecular imaging, and dynamic monitoring of complex intracellular processes. We critically discuss recent developments in this area with a focus on different applications where SERS has been used for obtaining information that remains elusive for conventional imaging methods. Current reports indicate that SERS has made significant inroads in the field of biology and has the potential to be used for in vivo human applications. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > In Vitro Nanoparticle-Based Sensing Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Tanwar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeong Hee Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeff W M Bulte
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Cellular Imaging Section and Vascular Biology Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ishan Barman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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11
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de Albuquerque CDL, Zoltowski CM, Scarpitti BT, Shoup DN, Schultz ZD. Spectrally Resolved Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Imaging Reveals Plasmon-Mediated Chemical Transformations. ACS NANOSCIENCE AU 2021; 1:38-46. [PMID: 34966910 PMCID: PMC8700175 DOI: 10.1021/acsnanoscienceau.1c00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Challenges investigating
molecules on plasmonic nanostructures
have limited understanding of these interactions. However, the chemically
specific information in the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)
spectrum can identify perturbations in the adsorbed molecules to provide
insight relevant to applications in sensing, catalysis, and energy
conversion. Here, we demonstrate spectrally resolved SERS imaging,
to simultaneously image and collect the SERS spectra from molecules
adsorbed on individual nanoparticles. We observe intensity and frequency
fluctuations in the SERS signal on the time scale of tens of milliseconds
from n-mercaptobenzoic acid (MBA) adsorbed to gold
nanoparticles. The SERS signal fluctuations correlate with density
functional theory calculations of radicals generated by the interaction
between MBA and plasmon-generated hot electrons. Applying localization
microscopy to the data provides a super-resolution spectrally resolved
map that indicates the plasmonic-induced molecular charging occurs
on the extremities of the nanoparticles, where the localized electromagnetic
field is reported to be most intense.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chelsea M Zoltowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Brian T Scarpitti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Deben N Shoup
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Zachary D Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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12
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Sloan-Dennison S, Laing S, Graham D, Faulds K. From Raman to SESORRS: moving deeper into cancer detection and treatment monitoring. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12436-12451. [PMID: 34734952 PMCID: PMC8609625 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04805h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is a non-invasive technique that allows specific chemical information to be obtained from various types of sample. The detailed molecular information that is present in Raman spectra permits monitoring of biochemical changes that occur in diseases, such as cancer, and can be used for the early detection and diagnosis of the disease, for monitoring treatment, and to distinguish between cancerous and non-cancerous biological samples. Several techniques have been developed to enhance the capabilities of Raman spectroscopy by improving detection sensitivity, reducing imaging times and increasing the potential applicability for in vivo analysis. The different Raman techniques each have their own advantages that can accommodate the alternative detection formats, allowing the techniques to be applied in several ways for the detection and diagnosis of cancer. This feature article discusses the various forms of Raman spectroscopy, how they have been applied for cancer detection, and the adaptation of the techniques towards their use for in vivo cancer detection and in clinical diagnostics. Despite the advances in Raman spectroscopy, the clinical application of the technique is still limited and certain challenges must be overcome to enable clinical translation. We provide an outlook on the future of the techniques in this area and what we believe is required to allow the potential of Raman spectroscopy to be achieved for clinical cancer diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sian Sloan-Dennison
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK.
| | - Stacey Laing
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK.
| | - Duncan Graham
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK.
| | - Karen Faulds
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK.
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13
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Kotturi D, Paterson S, McShane M. Comparison of SERS pH probe responses after microencapsulation within hydrogel matrices. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-210153R. [PMID: 34519190 PMCID: PMC8435981 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.9.097001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Personalized medicine requires the tracking of an individual's metabolite levels over time to detect anomalies and evaluate the body's response to medications. Implanted sensors offer effective means to continuously monitor specific metabolite levels, provided they are accurate, stable over long time periods, and do no harm. AIM Four types of hydrogel embedded with pH-sensitive sensors were evaluated for their accuracy, sensitivity, reversibility, longevity, dynamic response, and consistency in static versus dynamic conditions and long-term storage. APPROACH Raman spectroscopy was first used to calibrate the intensity of pH-sensitive peaks of the Raman-active hydrogel sensors in a static pH environment. The dynamic response was then assessed for hydrogels exposed to changing pH conditions within a flow cell. Finally, the static pH response after 5 months of storage was determined. RESULTS All four types of hydrogels allowed the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) sensors to respond to the pH level of the local environment without introducing interfering signals, resulting in consistent calibration curves. When the pH level changed, the probes in the gels were slow to reach steady-state, requiring several hours, and response times were found to vary among hydrogels. Only one type, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA), lasted five months without significant degradation of dynamic range. CONCLUSIONS While all hydrogels appear to be viable candidates as biocompatible hosts for the SERS sensing chemistry, pHEMA was found to be most functionally stable over the long interval tested. Poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels exhibit the most rapid response to changing pH. Since these two gel types are covalently cross-linked and do not generally degrade, they both offer advantages over sodium alginate for use as implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayle Kotturi
- Texas A&M University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College Station, Texas, United States
| | - Sureyya Paterson
- Texas A&M University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College Station, Texas, United States
| | - Mike McShane
- Texas A&M University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College Station, Texas, United States
- Texas A&M University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College Station, Texas, United States
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14
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Zhang L, Zhao Q, Jiang Z, Shen J, Wu W, Liu X, Fan Q, Huang W. Recent Progress of SERS Nanoprobe for pH Detecting and Its Application in Biological Imaging. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:282. [PMID: 34436084 PMCID: PMC8392648 DOI: 10.3390/bios11080282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As pH value almost affects the function of cells and organisms in all aspects, in biology, biochemical and many other research fields, it is necessary to apply simple, intuitive, sensitive, stable detection of pH and base characteristics inside and outside the cell. Therefore, many research groups have explored the design and application of pH probes based on surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). In this review article, we discussed the basic theoretical background of explaining the working mechanism of pH SERS sensors, and also briefly described the significance of cell pH measurement, and simply classified and summarized the factors that affected the performance of pH SERS probes. Some applications of pH probes based on surface enhanced Raman scattering in intracellular and extracellular pH imaging and the combination of other analytical detection techniques are described. Finally, the development prospect of this field is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Zhitao Jiang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Jingjing Shen
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Weibing Wu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp & Paper Science & Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Xingfen Liu
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Quli Fan
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
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15
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Jaworska A, Malek K, Kudelski A. Intracellular pH - Advantages and pitfalls of surface-enhanced Raman scattering and fluorescence microscopy - A review. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 251:119410. [PMID: 33465573 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The value of pH in various parts of protoplasm can affect nearly all aspects of cell functions. Therefore, the determination of intracellular acid-base features is required in many areas of biological and biochemical studies. Because of a significant scientific importance of in vivo intracellular pH measurements, various groups carried out such experiments. In this review article we describe intracellular pH measurements using two the most sensitive optical spectroscopies: surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and fluorescence. It is reasonable to present these two techniques in one review article because the experimental approach in Raman and fluorescence experiments is relatively similar. The basic theoretical background explaining the mechanism of operation of fluorescence and SERS sensors are discussed and the motivations to carry out intracellular pH measurements are briefly described. Future perspectives in this field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Jaworska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteur St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Kamilla Malek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kudelski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteur St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
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