1
|
Albuquerque JRDP, Makara CN, Ferreira VG, Brazaca LC, Carrilho E. Low-cost precision agriculture for sustainable farming using paper-based analytical devices. RSC Adv 2024; 14:23392-23403. [PMID: 39055267 PMCID: PMC11270003 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02310b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The United Nations estimates that by 2030, agricultural production must increase by 70% to meet food demand. Precision agriculture (PA) optimizes production through efficient resource use, with soil fertility being crucial for nutrient supply. Traditional nutrient quantification methods are costly and time-consuming. This study introduces a rapid (15 min), user-friendly, paper-based platform for determining four essential macronutrients-nitrate, magnesium, calcium, and ammonium-using colorimetric methods and a smartphone for data reading and storage. The sensor effectively detects typical soil nutrient concentrations, showing strong linearity and adequate detection limits. For nitrate, the RGB method resulted in an R 2 of 0.992, a detection range of 0.5 to 10.0 mmol L-1, and an LOD of 0.299 mmol L-1. Calcium quantification using grayscale displayed an R 2 of 0.993, a detection range of 2.0 to 6.0 mmol L-1, and an LOD of 0.595 mmol L-1. Magnesium was best quantified using the hue color space, with an R 2 of 0.999, a detection range of 1.0 to 6.0 mmol L-1, and an LOD of 0.144 mmol L-1. Similarly, ammonium detection using the hue color space had an R 2 of 0.988, a range of 0.5 to 2.5 mmol L-1, and an LOD of 0.170 mmol L-1. This device enhances soil fertility assessment accessibility, supporting PA implementation and higher food production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Rodrigues de Paula Albuquerque
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo 400, Trabalhador São-carlense Ave. São Carlos SP 13566-590 Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica - INCTBio Campinas SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Cleyton Nascimento Makara
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo 400, Trabalhador São-carlense Ave. São Carlos SP 13566-590 Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica - INCTBio Campinas SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Vinícius Guimarães Ferreira
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo 400, Trabalhador São-carlense Ave. São Carlos SP 13566-590 Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica - INCTBio Campinas SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Laís Canniatti Brazaca
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo 400, Trabalhador São-carlense Ave. São Carlos SP 13566-590 Brazil
| | - Emanuel Carrilho
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo 400, Trabalhador São-carlense Ave. São Carlos SP 13566-590 Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica - INCTBio Campinas SP 13083-970 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao Z, Yu W, Yang W, Zhang G, Huang C, Han J, Narain R, Zeng H. Dual-Protection Inorganic-Protein Coating on Mg-Based Biomaterials through Tooth-Enamel-Inspired Biomineralization. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2313211. [PMID: 38339916 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Biocompatible magnesium alloys represent revolutionary implantable materials in dentistry and orthopedics but face challenges due to rapid biocorrosion, necessitating protective coatings to mitigate dysfunction. Directly integrating durable protective coatings onto Mg surfaces is challenging because of intrinsic low coating compactness. Herein, inspired by tooth enamel, a novel highly compact dual-protection inorganic-protein (inorganicPro) coating is in situ constructed on Mg surfaces through bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein-boosted reaction between sodium fluoride (NaF) and Mg substrates. The association of Mg ions and BSA establishes a local hydrophobic domain that lowers the formation enthalpy of NaMgF3 nanoparticles. This process generates finer nanoparticles that function as "bricks," facilitating denser packing, consequently reducing voidage inside coatings by over 50% and reinforcing mechanical durability. Moreover, the incorporation of BSA in and on the coatings plays two synergistic roles: 1) acting as "mortar" to seal residual cracks within coatings, thereby promoting coating compactness and tripling anticorrosion performance, and 2) mitigating fouling-accelerated biocorrosion in complex biosystems via tenfold resistance against biofoulant attachments, including biofluids, proteins, and metabolites. This innovative strategy, leveraging proteins to alter inorganic reactions, benefits the future coating design for Mg-based and other metallic materials with tailored anticorrosion and antifouling performances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqian Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Wenting Yu
- Department of Orthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wenshuai Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Guohao Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Charley Huang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Jianmin Han
- Department of Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ravin Narain
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Salinas M, López-Garrigós M, Flores E, Leiva-Salinas C. Improving diagnosis and treatment of hypomagnesemia. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 62:234-248. [PMID: 37503587 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-0537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium is one of the most abundant cations in the body and acts as a cofactor in more than 600 biochemical reactions. Hypomagnesemia is a highly prevalent condition, especially in subjects with comorbid conditions, but has received less attention than other electrolyte disturbances. This review will discuss magnesium physiology, absorption, storage, distribution across the body, and kidney excretion. After reviewing the regulation of magnesium homeostasis, we will focus on the etiology and clinical presentation of hypomagnesemia. The role of laboratory medicine in hypomagnesemia will be the main purpose of this review, and we will discuss the laboratory tests and different samples and methods for its measurement. Although free magnesium is physiologically active, total serum magnesium is the most commonly used measurement in laboratory medicine and is apt for clinical purposes; however, it is not appropriately used, and many patients with hypomagnesemia remain undiagnosed and not treated. Using information technologies, laboratory medicine can largely improve the diagnosis and treatment of hypomagnesemia through the design and establishment of automatic demand management and result management interventions by acting in the first and last steps of the laboratory cycle, test requests, and actions taken after test results, to unmask patients with hypomagnesemia and improve the number of patients undergoing treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Salinas
- Clinical Laboratory, Hospital Universitario de San Juan, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Maite López-Garrigós
- Clinical Laboratory, Hospital Universitario de San Juan, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Flores
- Clinical Laboratory, Hospital Universitario de San Juan, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- Department of Clinic Medicine, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kotepui KU, Mahittikorn A, Wilairatana P, Masangkay FR, Kotepui M. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between magnesium levels and malaria severity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1348. [PMID: 38228783 PMCID: PMC10791651 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51718-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Magnesium is associated with Plasmodium infections and malaria severity. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to synthesize the link between Plasmodium infections and magnesium levels for improved clinical guidance and therapeutic interventions in malaria-affected regions. A systematic literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including ProQuest, Scopus, Embase, Ovid, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The risk of bias in the selected studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. A thematic synthesis was employed to demonstrate the magnesium levels across selected studies, for analyzing and grouping based on geographic regions, age demographics, and clinical manifestations of malaria. Meta-analyses determined differences in magnesium levels between individuals with malaria, uninfected controls, and patients with different clinical severities of malaria. The effect sizes from individual studies were pooled using the random-effects model. Out of 2533 records identified, 13 studies were included in the review. The thematic synthesis revealed complex and varied results, with studies showing different magnesium levels in malaria patients across different geographies, age groups, and clinical presentations. The meta-analysis indicated elevated magnesium levels in malaria patients compared with uninfected controls (P < 0.01, Hedges' g: 1.94, 95% CI 0.86-3.03, I2: 98.38%, 9 studies). No statistically significant difference was observed in magnesium levels between patients with severe and nonsevere malaria (P: 0.34, Hedges' g: 0.62, 95% CI - 0.64-1.88, I2: 91.46%, 2 studies). A significant increase in magnesium levels was seen in patients with malaria who died compared with those who survived (P < 0.01, Hedges' g: 0.39, 95% CI 0.13-0.64, I2: 3.39%, 3 studies). This systematic review and meta-analysis presented relationship between magnesium levels and malaria. While the meta-analysis indicated a general trend of increased magnesium levels in patients with malaria, the substantial heterogeneity and instability of the results hint toward a rich yet uncharted territory requiring more research depth. The intricate interplay between magnesium levels and malaria beckons a multidimensional approach in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwuntida Uthaisar Kotepui
- Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Aongart Mahittikorn
- Department of Protozoology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| | | | - Manas Kotepui
- Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sudibyo H, Pecchi M, Harwood H, Khare M, Karunwi S, Tan G, Tester JW. Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Struvite Crystallization from Hydrothermal Liquefaction Aqueous-Phase Considering Hydroxyapatite and Organics Coprecipitation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanifrahmawan Sudibyo
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Energy Systems Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Matteo Pecchi
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Energy Systems Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Henry Harwood
- Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Monona Khare
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Samuel Karunwi
- Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Gabrielle Tan
- Biological & Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jefferson William Tester
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Energy Systems Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dent A, Selvaratnam R. Measuring Magnesium – Physiological, Clinical and Analytical Perspectives. Clin Biochem 2022; 105-106:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
7
|
Górska N, Cubała WJ, Słupski J, Wiglusz MS, Gałuszko-Węgielnik M, Kawka M, Grzegorzewska A. Magnesium in Ketamine Administration in Treatment-Resistant Depression. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14050430. [PMID: 34063604 PMCID: PMC8147622 DOI: 10.3390/ph14050430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Relationship between depression and magnesium levels is reported. This observational study examined whether serum magnesium concentration change over time of ketamine treatment course, also whether association between magnesium concentrations and treatment response measured with Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score occurs. Moreover, interlink between changes in Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) score, somatic comorbidities, and magnesium concentration was studied. Inpatients with major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder were rated weekly by clinician using MADRS and YMRS. Magnesium levels assessments were carried out weekly, before start of ketamine treatment and then every second infusion and one week after last ketamine infusion. The concentration of Mg2+ ions differs depending on the measurement. The Mg2+ concentration in pre-measurement was significantly higher than in measurement after five infusions (p = 0.031) and after seven infusions (p = 0.003). No significant correlation was observed between changes in magnesium serum levels and MADRS or YMRS. The concentration of Mg2+ ion in course of the treatment was not associated with somatic comorbidities. The study supports data for role of magnesium in treatment-resistant depression, particularly related to ketamine treatment, but provides no clear evidence of straightforward association between magnesium serum concentration and treatment response or comorbidity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mateusz Kawka
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-58-349-26-50; Fax: +48-58-349-27-48
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Thongprayoon C, Cheungpasitporn W, Hansrivijit P, Thirunavukkarasu S, Chewcharat A, Medaura J, Mao MA, Kashani KB. Association of serum magnesium level change with in-hospital mortality. BMJ Evid Based Med 2020; 25:206-212. [PMID: 31980468 DOI: 10.1136/bmjebm-2019-111322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the association of in-hospital mortality risk based on change in serum magnesium levels in hospitalised patients. All adult patients admitted to our hospital from years 2009 to 2013 with at least two serum magnesium measurements during hospitalisation were included. Serum magnesium change, defined as the absolute difference between the highest and lowest serum magnesium, was categorised into six groups: 0-0.2, 0.3-0.4, 0.5-0.6, 0.7-0.8, 0.9-1.0, ≥1.1 mg/dL. In-hospital mortality was the outcome of interest. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between serum magnesium change and in-hospital mortality, using serum magnesium change of 0.0-0.2 mg/dL as the reference group. A total of 42 141 patients, with the median serum magnesium change during hospital stay of 0.3 (IQR 0.2-0.6) mg/dL, were studied. In-hospital mortality based on serum magnesium change of 0-0.2, 0.3-0.4, 0.5-0.6, 0.7-0.8, 0.9-1.0, ≥1.1 mg/dL was 1.3%, 2.3%, 3.1%, 5.0%, 6.5%, and 8.8%, respectively (p<0.001). After adjustment for potential confounders, increased serum magnesium change was significantly associated with higher in-hospital mortality with adjusted OR of 1.39 (95% 1.14-1.69) in serum magnesium change of 0.3-0.4, 1.48 (95% CI 1.21 to 1.81) in 0.5-0.6, 1.89 (95% CI 1.53 to 2.34) in 0.7-0.8, 1.85 (95% CI 1.45 to 2.37) in 0.9-1.0 and 1.89 (95% CI 1.48 to 2.41) in ≥1.1 mg/dL when compared with serum magnesium change group of 0-0.2 mg/dL. Increased in-hospital mortality was associated with both downward and upward trends of serum magnesium change during hospitalisation. The greater extent of change in serum magnesium levels was progressively associated with increased in-hospital mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wisit Cheungpasitporn
- Internal Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | | | | | - Api Chewcharat
- Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Juan Medaura
- Internal Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Michael A Mao
- Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Kianoush B Kashani
- Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
de Oliveira AR, Cruz KJ, Morais JB, Severo JS, Beserra JB, dos Santos LR, de Sousa Melo SR, Luz LM, de Sousa LA, de Matos Neto EM, de Jesus e Silva de Almendra Freitas B, do Nascimento Nogueira N, do Nascimento Marreiro D. Association Between Magnesium and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Obesity. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401315666190730123842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The role of minerals in preventing the generation of oxidative stress in
obese individuals has been evaluated. Magnesium is an antioxidant nutrient and a cofactor of enzymes
involved in the cell membrane stabilization, attenuating the effects of oxidative stress.
Objective:
To evaluate the association between magnesium and concentrations of thiobarbituric acid
reactive substances (TBARS) in patients with obesity and eutrophic women.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 73 women, divided into two groups: case
group (patients with obesity, n=27) and control group (eutrophic women, n=46). Measurements of
body mass index and waist circumference were performed. Dietary magnesium intake was assessed
by the three-day food record using the NutWin software. Urinary magnesium concentration was
measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry method. Plasma concentrations of thiobarbituric
acid reactive substances (TBARS) were also determined.
Results:
Mean values of dietary magnesium intake were 161.59 ± 60.04 and 158.73 ± 31.96 for patients
with obesity and control group, respectively, with no significant difference between the groups
studied (p >0.05). The value of urinary excretion of magnesium was lower than the reference values
in both groups, with no significant difference between the groups studied (p >0.05). The plasma concentration
of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances was significantly higher in patients with obesity
compared to the control group (p <0.001). There was no correlation between levels of magnesium
biomarkers and the concentration of TBARS (p >0.05).
Conclusion:
Patients with obesity showed a reduced dietary magnesium intake which seems to induce
hypomagnesuria as a compensatory mechanism. The marker of oxidative stress evaluated in this
study was not influenced by magnesium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana R.S. de Oliveira
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Kyria J.C. Cruz
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Jennifer B.S. Morais
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Juliana S. Severo
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Jéssica B. Beserra
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Loanne R. dos Santos
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Stéfany R. de Sousa Melo
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Larissa M. Luz
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Leidejaira A. de Sousa
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Emídio M. de Matos Neto
- Departament of Physical Education, Federal University of Piauí, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | | | - Nadir do Nascimento Nogueira
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| | - Dilina do Nascimento Marreiro
- Departament of Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Minister Petronio Portella Campus, Ininga, Teresina, Piaui, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
The Role of Magnesium in the Secondary Phase After Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury. A Prospective Clinical Observer Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8110509. [PMID: 31653023 PMCID: PMC6912766 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8110509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the secondary injury phase after traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI), oxidative stress and neuroinflammatory responses at the site of injury constitute crucial factors controlling damage extent and may serve as potential therapeutic targets. We determined Magnesium (Mg) serum concentration dynamics in context with the potential of neurological remission in patients with TSCI as Mg is suspected to limit the production of reactive oxygen species and reduce lipid peroxidation. A total of 29 patients with acute TSCI were enrolled, and blood samples were drawn over 3 months at 11 time-points and Mg quantification was performed. Patients were divided into those with (G1, n = 18) or without neurological remission (G0, n = 11). Results show a slight drop in Mg level during the first 4 h after injury, then remained almost unchanged in G1, but increased continuously during the first 7 days after injury in G0. At day 7 Mg concentrations in G1 and G0 were significantly different (p = 0.039, G0 > G1). Significant differences were detected between patients in G1 that presented an AIS (ASIA Impairment Scale) conversion of 1 level versus those with more than 1 level (p = 0.014, G1 AIS imp. = +1 > G1 AI imp. > +1). Low and decreasing levels of Mg within the first 7 days are indicative of a high probability of neurological remission, whereas increasing levels are associated with poor neurological outcome.
Collapse
|
11
|
Adhikari U, An X, Rijal N, Hopkins T, Khanal S, Chavez T, Tatu R, Sankar J, Little KJ, Hom DB, Bhattarai N, Pixley SK. Embedding magnesium metallic particles in polycaprolactone nanofiber mesh improves applicability for biomedical applications. Acta Biomater 2019; 98:215-234. [PMID: 31059833 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) metal is of great interest in biomedical applications, especially in tissue engineering. Mg exhibits excellent in vivo biocompatibility, biodegradability and, during degradation, releases Mg ions (Mg2+) with the potential to improve tissue repair. We used electrospinning technology to incorporate Mg particles into nanofibers. Various ratios of Mg metal microparticles (<44 µm diameter) were incorporated into nanofiber polycaprolactone (PCL) meshes. Physicochemical properties of the meshes were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), mechanical tensile testing, X-ray diffractometry and UV-VIS spectrophotometry. Biological properties of meshes were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Under mammalian cell culture conditions, Mg-containing meshes released hydrogen gas and relative amounts of free Mg2+ that reflected the Mg/PCL ratios. All meshes were non-cytotoxic for 3T3 fibroblasts and PC-12 pheochromocytoma cells. In vivo implantation under the skin of mice for 3, 8 and 28 days showed that Mg-containing meshes were well vascularized, with improved measures of inflammation and healing compared to meshes without Mg. Evidence included an earlier appearance and infiltration of tissue repairing macrophages and, after 28 days, evidence of more mature tissue remodeling. Thus, these new composite nanofiber meshes have promising material properties that mitigated inflammatory tissue responses to PCL alone and improved tissue healing, thus providing a suitable matrix for use in clinically relevant tissue engineering applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The biodegradable metal, magnesium, safely biodegrades in the body, releasing beneficial byproducts. To improve tissue delivery, magnesium metal particles were incorporated into electrospun nanofiber meshes composed of a biodegradable, biocompatible polymer, polycaprolactone (PCL). Magnesium addition, at several concentrations, did not alter PCL chemistry, but did alter physical properties. Under cell culture conditions, meshes released magnesium ions and hydrogen gas and were not cytotoxic for two cell types. After implantation in mice, the mesh with magnesium resulted in earlier appearance of M2-like, reparative macrophages and improved tissue healing versus mesh alone. This is in agreement with other studies showing beneficial effects of magnesium metal and provides a new type of scaffold material that will be useful in clinically relevant tissue engineering applications.
Collapse
|
12
|
Anju M, Chacko L, Chettupalli Y, Maiya AG, Saleena Ummer V. Effect of Low Level Laser Therapy on serum vitamin D and magnesium levels in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy - A pilot study. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:1087-1091. [PMID: 31336449 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic Peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most distressing complication of diabetic population leading to loss of sensation, pain, and amputation. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used to manage nerve injuries as it holds the potential to induce a biostimulatory effect with no side effects. Hence we planned to study the biochemical effect and therapeutic outcomes of LLLT on patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy as a preliminary work. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pre-posttest analysis was done on 40 patients diagnosed with DPN confirmed using 10 g Monofilament test and Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI). Vibration sensation and pain measured by Vibration perception threshold (VPT) and Numeric pain rating scale (NPRS). All patients were given LLLT (3.1 J/cm2) on plantar and dorsal of the foot for 10 days. Serum samples were collected at baseline and 4 weeks after LLLT to estimate Vitamin D and Magnesium and compared the results. RESULTS There was a significant increase in Vitamin D and Magnesium levels after LLLT. We observed a considerable improvement in the quality of life after LLLT demonstrated by a decrease in VPT and MNSI and a reduction in NPRS in DPN patients. CONCLUSION In this study, we found that LLLT improved the QL and hence may be a useful therapeutic option in treating peripheral neuropathic pain in type 2 diabetic patients. The progress in the serum Magnesium and Vit. D levels were proportional to the QL and may be a good indicator of the prognosis of DPN after LLLT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Anju
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Lincy Chacko
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Yenoshan Chettupalli
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Arun G Maiya
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Science, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Velladath Saleena Ummer
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Clímaco Cruz KJ, Soares de Oliveira AR, Silva Morais JB, Soares Severo J, Batista Beserra J, Rocha dos Santos L, Colli C, de Jesus e Silva de Almendra Freitas B, do Nascimento Marreiro D. Relationship between magnesium status and cardiovascular risk in obese women. NUTR CLIN METAB 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
14
|
Morais JBS, Severo JS, de Oliveira ARS, Cruz KJC, da Silva Dias TM, de Assis RC, Colli C, do Nascimento Marreiro D. Magnesium Status and Its Association with Oxidative Stress in Obese Women. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 175:306-311. [PMID: 27406212 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0797-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between magnesium status and oxidative stress in obese and nonobese women. This cross-sectional study included 83 women, aged between 20 and 50 years, who were divided into two groups: the obese group (n = 31) and the control group (n = 52). The control group was age-matched with the obese group. Magnesium intake was monitored using 3-day food records and NutWin software version 1.5. The plasma and erythrocyte magnesium concentrations were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Plasma levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were determined as biomarkers for lipid peroxidation and therefore of oxidative stress. The mean values of the magnesium content in the diet were found to be lower than those recommended, though there was no significant difference between groups (p > 0.05). The mean concentrations of plasma and erythrocyte magnesium were within the normal range, with no significant difference between groups (p > 0.05). The mean concentration of plasma TBARS was higher in obese woman, and the difference between the groups was statistically different (p < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between erythrocyte magnesium and plasma TBARS in the obese group (p = 0.021). Obese patients ingest low dietary magnesium content, which does not seem to affect the plasma and erythrocyte concentrations of the mineral. The study showed a negative correlation between erythrocyte magnesium concentrations and plasma TBARS, suggesting the influence of magnesium status on the parameters of oxidative stress in obese women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Beatriz Silva Morais
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Juliana Soares Severo
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Ana Raquel Soares de Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Kyria Jayanne Clímaco Cruz
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Thaline Milany da Silva Dias
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Régina Célia de Assis
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Célia Colli
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Butantã, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dilina do Nascimento Marreiro
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.
- , 665, Hugo Napoleão St., Ed. Palazzo Reale, Apt°. 2001, Jóquei, Teresina, Piauí, 64048-320, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
de Oliveira ARS, Cruz KJC, Morais JBS, Severo JS, de Freitas TEC, Veras AL, da Rocha Romero AB, Colli C, do Nascimento Nogueira N, Torres-Leal FL, do Nascimento Marreiro D. Magnesium Status and Its Relationship with C-Reactive Protein in Obese Women. Biol Trace Elem Res 2015; 168:296-302. [PMID: 25982004 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0358-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the relationship between magnesium status and C-reactive protein concentration in obese and nonobese women. This cross-sectional study included 131 women, aged between 20 and 50 years, who were divided into two groups: obese (n=65) and control (n=66) groups. Magnesium intake was monitored using 3-day food records and NutWin software version 1.5. The plasma, erythrocyte, and urinary magnesium concentrations were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. C-reactive protein concentration in serum was measured by immunoturbidimetric assay. The mean values of the magnesium content in the diet were lower than those recommended, though there was no significant difference between groups (p>0.05). The mean concentrations of plasma and erythrocyte magnesium were within the normal range, with no significant difference between groups (p>0.05). Urinary excretion of this mineral was less than the reference values in both groups, with no significant difference (p>0.05). The mean concentration of serum C-reactive protein was within the normal range in both groups, with no significant difference (p>0.05). There was a positive correlation between urinary magnesium and serum C-reactive protein (p=0.015). Obese patients ingest low dietary magnesium content, which seems to induce hypomagnesuria as a compensatory mechanism to keep plasma concentrations of the mineral at adequate levels. The study shows a positive correlation between urinary magnesium concentrations and serum C-reactive protein, suggesting the influence of hypomagnesuria on this inflammatory protein in obese women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Raquel Soares de Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Kyria Jayanne Clímaco Cruz
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Jennifer Beatriz Silva Morais
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Juliana Soares Severo
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | | | | | - Amanda Batista da Rocha Romero
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Butantã, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Célia Colli
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Butantã, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nadir do Nascimento Nogueira
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Francisco Leonardo Torres-Leal
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Dilina do Nascimento Marreiro
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cruz KJC, de Oliveira ARS, Pinto DP, Morais JBS, Lima FDS, Colli C, Torres-Leal FL, Marreiro DDN. Influence of magnesium on insulin resistance in obese women. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 160:305-10. [PMID: 24984789 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-0044-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the influence of magnesium on insulin resistance in obese women. A case-control study involving 114 women on the age between 20 and 50 years old, divided into two groups: control (eutrophic women, n = 59) and case (obese women, n = 55). The analysis of magnesium intake was carried out through the 3-day food record and also NutWin software version 1.5. The plasma, erythrocyte, and urinary magnesium concentrations were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The determinations of serum glucose and serum insulin were performed by enzymatic colorimetric method and chemiluminescence, respectively. The insulin resistance was assessed by homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The mean values of magnesium intake were lower than those recommended, without difference between groups (p > 0.05). All the patients who were evaluated showed adequate mean concentrations of magnesium in the plasma and erythrocyte. The urinary excretion of this mineral was lower than the reference values in both groups and did not show significant difference (p > 0.05). The values of serum glucose, serum insulin, and HOMA-IR were higher in obese women compared to the control group. A negative correlation was observed between erythrocyte magnesium and glycemic parameters (p < 0.05). Obese patients take in foods with low dietary magnesium content, and they show hypomagnesuria as a compensatory mechanism to keep the plasma concentration of this mineral in adequate levels. The correlation between the erythrocyte magnesium concentration and the parameters of glycemic control suggests the influence of this mineral on the index of insulin resistance in obese women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyria Jayanne Clímaco Cruz
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Minister Petrônio Portela, Ininga, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Setaro L, Santos-Silva PR, Nakano EY, Sales CH, Nunes N, Greve JM, Colli C. Magnesium status and the physical performance of volleyball players: effects of magnesium supplementation. J Sports Sci 2013; 32:438-45. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2013.828847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
18
|
Poleszak E, Szewczyk B, Kedzierska E, Wlaź P, Pilc A, Nowak G. Antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like activity of magnesium in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2004; 78:7-12. [PMID: 15159129 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2004.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2003] [Revised: 01/12/2004] [Accepted: 01/14/2004] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects of magnesium, an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor inhibitor, were studied in mice using the forced swim test and elevated plus-maze test, respectively. The doses of 20 and 30 mg Mg/kg, reduced immobility time in the forced swim test exerting antidepressant-like activity. In the elevated plus-maze test, magnesium at the same doses produced anxiolytic-like effect. The doses of magnesium active in both tests did not affect locomotor activity. To evaluate the tolerance to these effects, we also performed experiments on the following acute/chronic magnesium treatment schedule: chronic saline and saline challenge at 0.5 h before behavioral experiments or serum magnesium determination (S+S), chronic saline and magnesium challenge (S+Mg), chronic magnesium and saline challenge (Mg+S), chronic magnesium and magnesium challenge (Mg+Mg). The antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effect of magnesium was demonstrated in groups treated acutely and chronically with magnesium (Mg+Mg), but not in the Mg+S group. Moreover, these effects seem to be connected with at least 58% increase in serum magnesium concentration. The results indicate that magnesium induces the antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects without tolerance to these activities, which suggests a potential antidepressant and anxiolytic activity of magnesium in these disorders in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Poleszak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University School, Staszica 4, PL 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wälti MK, Zimmermann MB, Walczyk T, Spinas GA, Hurrell RF. Measurement of magnesium absorption and retention in type 2 diabetic patients with the use of stable isotopes. Am J Clin Nutr 2003; 78:448-53. [PMID: 12936928 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/78.3.448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnesium deficiency has been associated with type 2 diabetes and may reduce insulin sensitivity and impair glucose tolerance. The etiology of magnesium depletion in diabetes is unclear. Animal studies suggest that diabetes may impair magnesium absorption; however, there are no published data on magnesium absorption in humans with diabetes. OBJECTIVE Magnesium absorption from a test meal and the excretion and retention of magnesium were compared between patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy control subjects. DESIGN A meal labeled with 10 mg (26)Mg isotopic label was administered, and stool and urine samples were collected for 10 and 6 d, respectively. Apparent absorption was calculated as the difference between the oral dose of (26)Mg isotopic label and the total amount of the isotopic label excreted in the feces. Magnesium retention was calculated from the apparent absorption and urinary excretion of (26)Mg isotopic label in the 6 d after administration. RESULTS Mean (+/- SD) values for fractional magnesium absorption in the diabetic patients and the control subjects were 59.3 +/- 7.0% and 57.6 +/- 8.5%, respectively (NS). Mean (+/- SD) urinary magnesium excretion values in the diabetic patients and the control subjects were 11.2 +/- 2.6% and 11.7 +/- 3.8%, respectively (NS); retention values were 54.2 +/- 7.1% and 51.4 +/- 6.1%, respectively (NS). CONCLUSION Dietary magnesium absorption and retention are not impaired in patients with reasonably well-controlled type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika K Wälti
- Laboratory for Human Nutrition, Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Rüschlikon, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Suter PM, Sierro C, Vetter W. Nutritional factors in the control of blood pressure and hypertension. NUTRITION IN CLINICAL CARE : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF TUFTS UNIVERSITY 2002; 5:9-19. [PMID: 12134718 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-5408.2002.00513.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Differing hypertension prevalence rates between certain population and age groups are partially due to differences in the intake of certain nutrients. Blood pressure is positively associated with higher sodium, alcohol, and protein intakes; it is inversely associated with potassium, calcium, and magnesium intakes. Salt may lead to an increase in blood pressure in the presence of salt sensitivity, but there is no inexpensive or easy strategy to identify salt-sensitive patients. Other risk factors for hypertension include obesity and lack of regular physical activity. The best strategy appears to be moderate salt restriction (6-7 g/day) in combination with an optimal compliance of the antihypertensive drug therapy, as well as adoption of the combination diet of the DASH study--a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, and thus rich in potassium. Current evidence does not support the increased intake of Ca2+ or Mg2+ for blood-pressure-lowering purposes only; however, calcium and magnesium may represent important components in the combination diet of the DASH study. It seems that it is the combination of these nutrients that is of crucial importance for the achievement of optimal blood-pressure reduction. Also recommended is a decrease in alcohol consumption and an increase in regular physical activity. Instead of a severe intervention with regard to 1 risk factor alone, positive changes in 5 habits combined--high salt intake, high sodium-to-potassium ratio, alcohol intake, calorie imbalance, and a sedentary life--may be the most realistic and effective strategy to counteract the present hypertension epidemic.
Collapse
|
21
|
Mircetić RN, Dodig S, Raos M, Petres B, Cepelak I. Magnesium concentration in plasma, leukocytes and urine of children with intermittent asthma. Clin Chim Acta 2001; 312:197-203. [PMID: 11580927 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-8981(01)00622-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnesium (Mg) is involved in numerous physiological functions, including protein folding, intracellular signalling and enzyme catalysis. It acts as a smooth muscle relaxant. We decided to test changes of total Mg concentration in plasma, leukocytes and urine of 16 healthy children and 26 patients with intermittent asthma aged 3 to 14 years. METHODS Samples were taken on the first day of broncho-obstruction and five days after the acute attack. During this period, patients were under salbutamol therapy. RESULTS Plasma Mg concentration in patients increased by about 40% (first day 0.58+/-0.05 mmol Mg/l and five days later 0.64+/-0.04 mmol Mg/l) compared with healthy children (0.42+/-0.04 mmol Mg/l). Leukocyte Mg concentrations showed significant changes. On the first day of broncho-obstruction, Mg in leukocytes significantly decreased by about 60% (1.16+/-0.31 mmol Mg/g protein) compared to healthy children (3.04+/-0.68 mmol Mg/g protein). Five days later, Mg values significantly increased (3.28+/-1.09 mmol Mg/g protein) and almost reached the values of the healthy group. Mg concentration in urine statistically decreased by about 30% (0.55+/-0.06 mmol Mg/mmol creatinine) on the first day of broncho-obstruction compared to healthy children (0.75+/-0.05 mmol Mg/mmol creatinine). Five days after the acute attack, Mg concentration in patients' urine (0.73+/-0.07 mmol Mg/mmol creatinine) was close to values of healthy children. CONCLUSION The results obtained indicate that the intracellular measurement of Mg concentration is relevant for estimation of magnesium concentration in the human organism. Hence, determination of Mg concentration in leukocytes may be used in evaluation of asthmatic pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R N Mircetić
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Haematology, Domagojeva 2, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Basic Bibliographies. Hosp Pharm 2001. [DOI: 10.1177/001857870103600113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In order to help readers monitor the most important developments in specialized areas of pharmacy practice in organized health systems, Hospital Pharmacy commissions Basic Bibliographies by guest editors, who have expertise in their respective fields. These guest editors survey the relevant literature and rank approximately 15 to 20 references that represent the most significant research and practice contributions in their areas. The more fundamental are listed first so that persons with limited time can select reading appropriate to their needs. Readers are urged to forward reactions or challenges to: Joyce A. Generali, Contributing Editor, Drug Information Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160 or jgeneral@kumc.edu .
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND The calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine and FK506 are widely used for immunosuppression in solid organ transplantation. One of the side effects of these agents is renal magnesium wasting. The site of action and molecular mechanism of this effect are not known. We hypothesized that agents such as diuretics that cause renal magnesium wasting through a similar action would not have an additive effect on magnesium deficiency with calcineurin inhibitors. METHODS The records of 50 heart transplant patients on calcineurin inhibitors were reviewed to determine levels of serum magnesium and required replacement dose of magnesium, diuretic usage, and other laboratory values. RESULTS Loop diuretics did not change either the magnesium level or magnesium replacement requirements in patients on calcineurin inhibitors. In contrast, the thiazide diuretic resulted in an increase in serum magnesium and a decrease in magnesium replacement. Results were similar when the cyclosporine or FK506 groups were evaluated alone. Patients taking FK506 had lower serum magnesium values and higher requirements for magnesium replacement compared with patients taking cyclosporine. CONCLUSION We conclude that calcineurin inhibitors and loop diuretics have a similar site of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Arthur
- Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Louisville, KY 40202-1764, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Basso LE, Ubbink JB, Delport R. Erythrocyte magnesium concentration as an index of magnesium status: a perspective from a magnesium supplementation study. Clin Chim Acta 2000; 291:1-8. [PMID: 10612712 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-8981(99)00168-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the utility of erythrocyte magnesium concentrations as an index of magnesium status. Calculated from the analytical and biological variation, the critical difference, i.e. the difference between results from serial specimens before they can be said to be statistically different, was 22.4% (P<0.05). Magnesium supplementation of 250 mg/day for 3 weeks in 20 women with an erythrocyte magnesium concentration less than the 15th percentile of a population sample (n=219), resulted in an increase in erythrocyte magnesium concentration of only 1.6%. We therefore conclude that sequential erythrocyte magnesium measurements are not useful for the monitoring of individual changes in magnesium intake and status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L E Basso
- Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Pretoria, P.O. Box 2034, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Sanders GT, Huijgen HJ, Sanders R. Magnesium in disease: a review with special emphasis on the serum ionized magnesium. Clin Chem Lab Med 1999; 37:1011-33. [PMID: 10726809 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.1999.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This review deals with the six main clinical situations related to magnesium or one of its fractions, including ionized magnesium: renal disease, hypertension, pre-eclampsia, diabetes mellitus, cardiac disease, and the administration of therapeutic drugs. Issues addressed are the physiological role of magnesium, eventual changes in its levels, and how these best can be monitored. In renal disease mostly moderate hypermagnesemia is seen; measuring ionized magnesium offers minimal advantage. In hypertension magnesium might be lowered but its measurement does not seem relevant. In the prediction of severe pre-eclampsia, elevated ionized magnesium concentration may play a role, but no unequivocal picture emerges. Low magnesium in blood may be cause for, or consequence of, diabetes mellitus. No special fraction clearly indicates magnesium deficiency leading to insulin resistance. Cardiac diseases are related to diminished magnesium levels. During myocardial infarction, serum magnesium drops. Total magnesium concentration in cardiac cells can be predicted from levels in sublingual or skeletal muscle cells. Most therapeutic drugs (diuretics, chemotherapeutics, immunosuppressive agents, antibiotics) cause hypomagnesemia due to increased urinary loss. It is concluded that most of the clinical situations studied show hypomagnesemia due to renal loss, with exception of renal disease. Keeping in mind that only 1% of the total body magnesium pool is extracellular, no simple measurement of the real intracellular situation has emerged; measuring ionized magnesium in serum has little added value at present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G T Sanders
- Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Chemistry, The Netherlands.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|