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Chang Q, Shi Y, Yao S, Ban X, Cai Z. Prevalence of Suicidal Ideation, Suicide Plans, and Suicide Attempts Among Children and Adolescents Under 18 years of Age in Mainland China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2024; 25:2090-2102. [PMID: 37902618 DOI: 10.1177/15248380231205828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Despite suicide in younger population having become a severe public health issue, information on the prevalence of suicidality among Chinese children and adolescents is still limited. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of suicidal ideation, suicide plans, and suicide attempts in Chinese children and adolescents aged under 18 years. A meta-analysis was conducted based on English and Chinese publications from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2020 using random-effects models. Based on 132 eligible studies with a combined total of 1,103,309 Chinese children and adolescents below 18 years old, the pooled prevalence of the overall suicidal ideation, suicide plans, and suicide attempts were 15.4% (95% CI [14.3, 16.6]), 6.4% (95% CI [5.5, 7.4]) and 3.5% (95% CI [3.1, 4.1]), respectively. The subgroup analyses showed that there were significant variations of prevalence of suicidal risks across genders, school stages, and geographical areas in mainland China. It was the first systematic review and meta-analysis to show suicidality among younger population aged below 18 years is prevalent in mainland China. This study suggests that gender-age-region-specific prevention and intervention programs should be urgently needed to reduce suicidal risks among Chinese children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu Shi
- Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | | | | | - Ziyi Cai
- University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Newcastle University, UK
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[What is the contribution of smoking to the increased risk of suicide in young smokers? A systematic review]. L'ENCEPHALE 2023; 49:72-86. [PMID: 36253173 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The correlation between smoking and suicide is well documented in the general population: there is an increased risk of suicide among tobacco smokers. However, the association between smoking and suicidal behaviors (ideations, plans, attempts) in youth is poorly elucidated. This is a systematic review of the literature examined data on the relationship between active and passive smoking and suicidal ideation (SI), suicide planning (SP), and suicide attempts (SA) among youth in the general population. METHOD Medline searches were performed for the period 1980-2020. Cross-sectional, case-control, prospective population-based studies of young people (age less than 18 years) were included in this review; studies of specific populations (patients with an identified pathology of any kind) were excluded. RESULTS This review included 43 studies: 23 studies on the association between active smoking and SI, SI and/or PS, TS; three studies on the association between passive smoking and suicidal behavior, three studies on the association between smoking and suicidal behavior in young people in psychiatric hospital settings, and five studies comparing the suicidal behavior of girls and boys. Analysis of the data collected lead to the conclusion that active or passive smoking is associated with suicidal behavior in young people. Smoking appears to contribute to psychopathological disorders, including depression, the use of other psychoactive substances, or psychosocial suffering which are often associated with an increased risk of suicide in young people. The correlations between smoking and the presence of mental disorders have been highlighted; tobacco use may contribute to the development of depression, anxiety and stress. Further studies are needed to verify the existence of a causal link between smoking and suicide. CONCLUSION Smoking is associated with the risk of suicidal behavior in young people; it should be included among the criteria for assessing suicidal risk in youth. Smoking cessation, which improves psychological well-being, should be further integrated into the prevention of suicidal behavior.
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Huang YH, Liu HC, Sun FJ, Liu SI. Predictors of repeated adolescent self-harm: The display of multiple variables and mediators in a 2-year study. J Formos Med Assoc 2022; 121:2584-2592. [PMID: 36100494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2022.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on self-harm (SH) repetition in non-Western adolescents are limited; this study is to survey the predictors. METHODS A total of 5879 adolescents (mean age 16.02 years) in Northern Taiwan were recruited. The participants filled in online questionnaires about their sociodemographic data, suicidality, depressive symptoms, self-esteem, social support, family discord, impulsivity, and alcohol and tobacco use at baseline (T1) and at the 1 year follow-up (T2). We used logistic regression analysis to examine the predictors of SH continuation. Generalized structural equation modeling (GSEM) was then estimated to analyze the treatable variables for both years and to investigate their relationships and mediating effects. RESULTS A total of 125 students were identified as being in the SH continuation group; while 470 students were identified as being in the SH stop group. The SH continuation rate was 21%; no significant gender difference was found. Logistic regression analysis showed that the predictors of SH continuation were low school ranking, poor quality of listening from relatives, use of the cutting method for SH, and a suicide plan in the past year at T1, and more depressed mood, use of the cutting method for SH, more suicide ideation and plans at T2. Similar predictors were found by GSEM; self-esteem at T1 and depressed mood at T2 were found to be mediators in the pathways. CONCLUSION The continuation rate of SH was similar to that reported in Western countries. These predictors should be included in the treatment plan to prevent SH continuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsin Huang
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, No. 46, Sec. 3, Zhongzheng Rd., Sanzhi Dist., New Taipei City 252, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 92, Section 2, Chung-Shan North Rd., Taipei, Taiwan; Suicide Prevention Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 92, Section 2, Chung-Shan North Rd., Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ching Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 92, Section 2, Chung-Shan North Rd., Taipei, Taiwan; Suicide Prevention Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 92, Section 2, Chung-Shan North Rd., Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Ju Sun
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, No. 92, Shengjing Road, Beitou District, Taipei 11272, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 45, Minsheng Rd., Tamshui District, New Taipei City 25160, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Ing Liu
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, No. 46, Sec. 3, Zhongzheng Rd., Sanzhi Dist., New Taipei City 252, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 92, Section 2, Chung-Shan North Rd., Taipei, Taiwan; Suicide Prevention Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 92, Section 2, Chung-Shan North Rd., Taipei, Taiwan; MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, No. 92, Shengjing Road, Beitou District, Taipei 11272, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 45, Minsheng Rd., Tamshui District, New Taipei City 25160, Taiwan.
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Depression and suicide attempts in Chinese adolescents with mood disorders: the mediating role of rumination. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022:10.1007/s00406-022-01444-2. [PMID: 35763221 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-022-01444-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Mood disorders (MD) are often associated with a higher incidence of suicidal behavior, especially in adolescent patients. However, the mechanisms by which depression affects suicide attempts in adolescents with MD remain poorly elucidated. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the incidence, risk factors, and clinical correlates of suicide attempts in Chinese adolescent patients with MD, as well as the inter-relationship between depressive symptoms, rumination, and suicide attempts, and the role of rumination in mediating depression and suicide attempts. A total of 331 MD adolescent patients aged 11 ~ 18 years were recruited from a psychiatric hospital. Suicide attempts were assessed with the MINI Suicide Scale. Depressed symptoms were measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). To assess rumination, we used the 21-item Chinese version of the Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS). Overall, the percentage of suicide attempts among MD adolescents was 51.96%, with a higher percentage of females (58.62%) than males (36.36%). Compared to non-suicide attempters, suicide attempters had higher scores on PHQ-9, RRS, depression-related, brooding, and reflective pondering. Gender and RRS were independently associated with suicide attempts. Rumination played a fully mediating role between depression and suicide attempts. In addition, the mediating effect of depression between rumination and suicide attempts was not significant. The incidence of suicide attempts was higher in MD adolescents than in general adolescents. Gender and rumination were associated with suicide attempts in MD adolescents. Moreover, rumination mediated the correlation between depressive symptoms and suicide attempts, suggesting that rumination may be an important intervention component for clinical staff to prevent suicidal behavior in adolescents with MD.
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Raschke N, Mohsenpour A, Aschentrup L, Fischer F, Wrona KJ. Socioeconomic factors associated with suicidal behaviors in South Korea: systematic review on the current state of evidence. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:129. [PMID: 35042490 PMCID: PMC8765829 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12498-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The economic and human costs of suicide to individuals, families, communities, and society make suicide a major public health problem around the world. Suicide rates in South Korea are among the highest in the world. This paper is the first systematic review investigating socioeconomic risk factors for suicidal behaviors (suicidal ideation, attempted suicides, and completed suicides) in South Korea. Methods We performed a systematic review in Medline and Web of Science. Empirical studies and peer-reviewed articles on the association between individual socioeconomic factors and suicidal behaviors have been included. A total of 53 studies were included in a descriptive synthesis. Results Overall, 35 studies focused on the association between individual socioeconomic factors and suicidal ideation, 16 were related to suicide attempts, while 10 addressed completed suicides. Low income, unemployment, and financial difficulties were identified as risk factors for all suicidal behaviors. Working in precarious conditions, long working hours, self-employment, changes in employment status, shift work/night-time work, and occupational stress were associated with an increased risk for suicidal ideation. Low educational attainment appears to increase the risk for suicide attempts and completed suicide, but the significance of educational attainment on the reporting of suicidal ideation could not be verified. The primary studies were unable to ascertain whether the place of residence impacts on suicidal behaviors. Conclusions The results highlight the relevance of socioeconomic factors for suicidal behaviors in South Korea. Governmental social spending must be increased and redirected more efficiently so that the economically most vulnerable groups are financially protected and income inequality does not widen. Furthermore, comprehensive prevention strategies at the community level are needed. Future research needs to focus on identifying vulnerable groups for whom the effects of low socioeconomic status may have particularly serious consequences with regard to suicidal behaviors. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-12498-1.
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Kim AM, Jeon SW, Cho SJ, Shin YC, Park JH. Comparison of the factors for suicidal ideation and suicide attempt: a comprehensive examination of stress, view of life, mental health, and alcohol use. Asian J Psychiatr 2021; 65:102844. [PMID: 34571412 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to examine the elements that cause suicidal ideation to develop into a suicide attempt by comparing the factors related to suicidal ideation and attempt. The subjects in the study were 5982 employees, who received mental health screening from January 2016 to December 2019 in Korea. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was performed with suicidal ideation and suicide attempt as dependent variables respectively. While suicidal ideation was associated with both moderate and severe grades of depression and alcohol consumption, only severe grades of depression and alcohol consumption were associated with suicide attempts. Among family, interpersonal, work-related, and financial stress, which were significant predictors of suicidal ideation, only family stress predicted suicide attempts. Whereas dissatisfaction with the present, regret for the past, and hopelessness for the future were all predictors for suicidal ideation, only regret for the past was a significant predictor of suicide attempts. The distinctive impact of family stress on suicide attempts suggests that family support can play a pivotal role in suicide prevention, and the significant impact of regret for the past on suicide attempts indicates the need for a cognitive approach in a high-risk population. Finally, the substantial impact of alcohol on suicide attempts compared to suicidal ideation suggests the importance of alcohol regulation in suicide prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnus M Kim
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Won Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea; Workplace Mental Health Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung Joon Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea; Workplace Mental Health Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Chul Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea; Workplace Mental Health Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Hyun Park
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Lee JH. Relationships between neighborhood collective efficacy and adolescent suicidal ideation. J Adolesc 2021; 93:10-19. [PMID: 34626886 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Until now, South Korean adolescent suicidal ideation literature has focused mainly on individual-level characteristics. Little is known about the contextual effects of social integration and social regulation on an individual's suicide behavior in South Korea as identified through the use of Durkheim's sociological insights. This study drew on Durkheim's suicide and collective efficacy theories and analyzed the effects of the structural characteristics and collective efficacy of neighborhoods on adolescents' suicidal ideation. METHODS The data analyzed was from three sources: the 2013 Korean National Survey of the Present Status of Children (n = 1,915; 50.41% girls; mean age = 13.04 years), government census data from the Korea Statistical Information System, and administrative data from the Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare. The Hierarchical Generalized Linear Model was used to investigate the effects of neighborhood structural characteristics and collective efficacy on adolescent suicidal ideation. RESULTS There were no significant associations between neighborhood characteristics such as concentrated poverty, divorce rate, and residential instability; however, adoles cents' perceptions of collective efficacy in neighborhoods was associated with lower suicidal ideation after accounting for individual adolescent differences. CONCLUSION The findings provide significant implications for the prevention of suicide in adolescents and suggest that enhancing the collective efficacy of neighborhoods through community-based intervention may be an important target of future suicide prevention strategies in South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyeon Lee
- Department of Christianity and Culture-Social Welfare, Presbyterian University and Theological Seminary, Gwangjang-ro(st) 5-gil(rd), Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 04965, South Korea.
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Castillejos MC, Huertas P, Martín P, Moreno Küstner B. Prevalence of Suicidality in the European General Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Arch Suicide Res 2021; 25:810-828. [PMID: 32620069 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2020.1765928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and variability in suicidality in the general adult population of Europe between 2008 and 2017. METHODS Studies containing original data on suicidality were identified in five electronic databases. Point, 12-month and lifetime prevalences were calculated for various types of suicidality. Pooled prevalence rates were calculated using a random effects model. Subgroup analysis and multivariate meta-regression were also performed. RESULTS We identified 24 papers containing original data, which provided 97 prevalence rates for suicidality. The pooled point prevalence rate was 3.96% (2.37-5.56), pooled 12-month prevalence 2.9% (1.49-4.32), and pooled lifetime prevalence 5.55% (4.31-6.79). The subgroup analysis showed that lifetime prevalence figures for wishing to be dead and suicidal ideation were higher in areas with a population of less than 3,849 inhabitants and in Eastern Europe. Finally, the multivariate meta-regression showed differences with respect to the period and type of suicidality, lower and upper age thresholds, population size, and study area. CONCLUSION Our data showed that approximately 21% of European individuals have wished to be dead at some point during their lifetime. Studies like this are necessary to highlight the need for efforts to prevent and intervene in suicidality.
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Lee J, Han C, Ko YH, Lee MS, Yoon HK. Assessment of life factors affecting the experience of depressive symptoms in adolescents: a secondary analysis using the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2021; 15:50. [PMID: 34560896 PMCID: PMC8464092 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-021-00407-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents may experience several changes in their lifestyle, such as social activity and school life, which makes them vulnerable to developing a depressive disorder. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the factors affecting the experience of depressive symptoms during adolescence. METHODS We conducted a secondary analysis using the 2019 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based survey data, including a total of 57,303 middle and high school students selected from among 400 schools. Factors such as dietary habits, physical activity levels, time spent studying, duration of internet use, and other health risk behaviors were included in the analysis. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors that predict the risk of experiencing depressive symptoms. RESULTS The perceived stress of Korean adolescents showed a tendency to increase with age, and high school seniors and girls were more likely to report depressive symptoms. Perceived health status, academic performance, time spent studying, physical activity, duration of internet use, and effort to control weight were associated with individual experiences of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION We identified factors that influence the experience of depressive symptoms in adolescents. Our results suggest the possibility that the purpose of students' physical activities and their leisure activity preferences may be related to their emotional status. We suggest that activities that are appropriate to the culture and lifestyle of adolescents should be recommended to reduce the occurrence of depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongha Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 123, Jeokguem-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15355, Republic of Korea
| | - Changsu Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Ko
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 123, Jeokguem-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15355, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Soo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Kyoung Yoon
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 123, Jeokguem-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 15355, Republic of Korea.
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Lee HS, Park KJ, Kwon Y, Shon SH, Youngstrom EA, Kim HW. Clinical Characteristics Associated with Suicidal Attempt and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Korean Adolescents. Psychiatry Investig 2021; 18:561-569. [PMID: 34130439 PMCID: PMC8256142 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2021.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the association between mood and anxiety symptoms and suicidal attempt (SA) and/or non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents seeking mental health services. We also tested predictors of SA and NSSI. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 220 adolescents who completed psychological assessment in clinical sample. Participants did the Adolescent General Behavior Inventory (A-GBI) and Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). SA and NSSI were assessed retrospectively by interview. The caregiver of participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) for themselves. RESULTS 17% of total participants had a history of SA, and 24% experienced NSSI. Both SA and NSSI were more common in girls. The score of depressive subscale on A-GBI was higher in adolescents with SA than those without. The participants with NSSI showed higher scores on CDI and depressive subscale on A-GBI than those without. SA was associated with maternal BDI and history of NSSI; female sex, depressive subscale on A-GBI, and history of SA with NSSI. CONCLUSION Our study found that NSSI and SA are strongly associated in adolescents. Female sex and depressive symptoms of the adolescents were also significantly associated with NSSI in Korean adolescent. Findings are consistent with patterns in other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Sung Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee Jeong Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejin Kwon
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Shon
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eric A. Youngstrom
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, and Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hyo-Won Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Worldwide prevalence of suicide attempt in pregnant and postpartum women: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2021; 56:711-720. [PMID: 33191455 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-020-01975-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Past suicide attempts (SA) are a major contributor to suicide. The prevalence of SA in pregnant and postpartum women varied significantly across studies. Therefore, this meta-analysis was conducted to examine the prevalence of SA and its mediating factors in this population. METHODS Relevant articles published in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Medline complete, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure database (CNKI), Chinese Wanfang and Chongqing VIP database were systematically searched from inception to March 28, 2019. Titles, abstracts and full texts were reviewed independently by three researchers. Studies were included if they reported data on SA prevalence or provided relevant data that enabled the calculation of SA prevalence. Data were extracted by two researchers and checked by one senior researcher. The random-effects model was used to analyze data by the CMA 2.0 and Stata 12.0, with the high degree of statistical heterogeneity present. The primary outcomes were prevalence of SA with 95% CI during pregnancy and during the first-year postpartum. RESULTS Fourteen studies covering 6,406,245 pregnant and postpartum women were included. The pooled prevalence of SA was 680 per 100,000 (95% confidence interval 0.10-4.69%) during pregnancy and 210 per 100,000 (95% confidence interval 0.01-3.21%) during the first-year postpartum. Data source was significantly associated with prevalence of SA in the subgroup analysis (pregnancy, p < 0.001; the first-year postpartum, p = 0.013). CONCLUSION The prevalence of SA is not high in pregnant and postpartum women. Due to the potential loss of life and negative impact of SA on health outcomes, however, careful screening and effective preventive measures should be implemented for this population.
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Campisi SC, Carducci B, Akseer N, Zasowski C, Szatmari P, Bhutta ZA. Suicidal behaviours among adolescents from 90 countries: a pooled analysis of the global school-based student health survey. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1102. [PMID: 32772922 PMCID: PMC7416394 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09209-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the burden and determinants of suicide during adolescence is key to achieving global health goals. We examined the prevalence and determinants of self-reported suicidal ideation and attempts among younger (13-15 years) and older adolescents (16-17 years). METHODS Pooled prevalence estimates with 95% confidence interval, were calculated for suicide ideation and attempts for 118 surveys from 90 countries that administered the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) to adolescents (13-17 years of age) from 2003 to 2017. Indicators (including individual and social factors) associated with suicidal ideation and attempts were determined from multivariable linear regressions on key outcomes. RESULTS The prevalence of suicidal ideation representing 397,299 adolescents (51.3% female) was significantly higher among girls than boys whereas attempts did not differ by age or sex. Being bullied, or having no close friends was associated with suicidal ideation among girls 13-15 years and 16-17 years, respectively. Among all boys, being in a fight and having no close friends was associated with suicidal ideation with the addition of serious injury for boys 13-15 years. Common to all younger adolescents was an association of suicide attempt with being bullied and having had a serious injury. Among young boys, having no close friends was an additional indicator for suicide attempt. Having no close friends was associated with suicide attempt in older adolescents with the addition to being bullied in older girls and serious injury in older boys. CONCLUSIONS Building positive social relationships with peers and avoiding serious injury appear key to suicide prevention strategies for vulnerable adolescents. Targeted programs by age group and sex for such indicators could improve mental health during adolescence in low and middle-income countries, given the diverse risk profiles for suicidal ideation and attempts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan C. Campisi
- Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, 11th Floor, Suite 11.9805, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4 Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King’s Circle College, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8 Canada
| | - Bianca Carducci
- Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, 11th Floor, Suite 11.9805, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4 Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King’s Circle College, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8 Canada
| | - Nadia Akseer
- Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, 11th Floor, Suite 11.9805, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4 Canada
| | - Clare Zasowski
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Community Service, Ryerson University, Kerr Hall South, Room KHS-349; 50 Gould Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1X8 Canada
| | - Peter Szatmari
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Burton Wing, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8 Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, 8th floor, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1R8 Canada
- Centre for Addiction, and Mental Health, Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, 80 Workman Way, Toronto, Ontario M6J 1H4 Canada
| | - Zulfiqar A. Bhutta
- Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, 11th Floor, Suite 11.9805, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4 Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King’s Circle College, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8 Canada
- Centre of Excellence in Women, and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, PO Box 3500, Karachi, 74800 Pakistan
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health University of Toronto, Health Sciences Building, 155 College Street, 6th floor, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3M7 Canada
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Pérez-López FR, Pérez-Roncero GR, López-Baena MT, Santabárbara J, Chedraui P. Hormonal contraceptives and the risk of suicide: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020; 251:28-35. [PMID: 32470654 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of hormonal contraceptive use over the risk of suicide. METHOD Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies retrieved from five search engines until September 2019, comparing the use of any hormonal contraceptive versus non-hormonal contraceptive use or no use. Primary outcome was consumed suicide, and secondary outcomes were suicidal attempt and ideation. Random effects meta-analyses with the inverse variance method were used to evaluate the effects of exposure over outcomes. Effect was calculated as risk ratio (RR) with their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Risk of bias was assessed with the Newcastle-Otawa Scale. RESULTS There were no randomized controlled trials concerning suicide and hormonal contraceptive use. Only three cohort studies (n = 184,721 women), that evaluated the primary outcome (consumed suicide), were included in the meta-analysis. Hormonal contraceptive use was associated to a higher risk of consumed suicide (RR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.75, P = 0.015, I2 = 0%). There were no secondary outcomes in at least two cohorts. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis found a positive association between hormonal contraceptive use and consumed suicides. Prior to their use, populations at suicidal risk should be properly evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faustino R Pérez-López
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Zaragoza, Faculty of Medicine, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | | | | | - Javier Santabárbara
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health University of Zaragoza, Faculty of Medicine, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Peter Chedraui
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud Integral, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica Nuestra Señora de la Asunción, Asunción, Paraguay
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Chen YL, Kuo PH. Effects of perceived stress and resilience on suicidal behaviors in early adolescents. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2020; 29:861-870. [PMID: 31492979 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-019-01401-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Suicidal behaviors are significant public health issues. The aim of the current study is to examine the effects of perceived stress and resilience on suicidal ideation (SI), plan (SP), and attempt (SA) among early adolescents. A longitudinal study was conducted with data collected from 1035 junior high-school students at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Participants were assessed for suicidal behaviors, resilience, and perceived stress. Logistic regression was performed to analyze for the associations between independent variables and suicidal behaviors. 210 (20.3%) of the participants reported to have SI, 59 (5.7%) had SP, and 49 (4.7%) had SA at baseline. Perceived stress was a strong risk factor (p < 0.001) for SI (OR 1.16-1.18), SP (OR 1.20-1.21), and SA (OR 1.12-1.16) while accounting for different dimensions of resilience. Students with persistent high stress during the 1-year follow-up period had significantly increased risk of SI (OR 7.14-9.64), SP (OR 3.92-6.37), and SA (OR 3.76-3.84) than the persistent low-stress group (p < 0.01). Increased perceived stress scale (PSS) (OR 2.89-3.15) and decreased PSS (OR 2.47) also had a higher risk for SI than persistent low PSS group. Moreover, students with high perceived stress who reported to have higher hope and optimism were less likely to show SI (OR 0.90, p = 0.001) and SP (OR 0.87, p = 0.002) at baseline, and the problem-solving and cognitive maturity mature dimension of resilience showed a significant protective effect on SP longitudinally (OR 0.25, p = 0.003). Perceived stress substantially increased the risk for suicidal behaviors, and moderates the protective effect of resilience on suicide. Considering both risk and protective factors of suicidal behaviors is essential in designing future suicide prevention and intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ling Chen
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Rm.521, No.17, XuZhou Rd., Taipei City, 100, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Rm.521, No.17, XuZhou Rd., Taipei City, 100, Taiwan.
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15
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Lee Y, Lee D, Hong HJ. Gender-based Multilevel Analysis of Influential Factors for Suicide Attempts among At-risk Non-referred Adolescents in Korea. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE 2020; 18:116-126. [PMID: 31958912 PMCID: PMC7006976 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2020.18.1.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective Effective suicide prevention for at-risk adolescents requires increased access to medical treatment. Investigating the unique characteristics of suicide in this vulnerable at-risk non-referred sample can contribute to establishing effective suicide prevention policies. This study aimed to (a) examine at-risk non-referred adolescents’ suicide attempt rate, (b) investigate influential multilevel factors in predicting these adolescents’ suicide attempts, and (c) compare the results of (a) and (b) by gender. Methods A total of 401 samples (216 boys and 185 girls) were recruited through a school-based mental health project for at-risk adolescents. Multivariate hierarchical logistic regression analyses were performed at the individual-, contextual-, and protective levels to evaluate three multilevel models as well as to investigate predictabilities for the overall group and by gender. Results The suicide attempt rate of the overall sample was 29.4% (boys: 18.1%, girls: 42.7%), which was significantly higher than that of community samples. For boys, individual-level predictors (depression and conduct problems) had the most significant contribution in predicting suicide attempts. In contrast, for girls, protective-level predictors (family satisfaction) contributed the most to the prediction of suicide attempts, followed by contextual-level predictors (academic grades). Conclusion This study is an important step in understanding the unique characteristics of at-risk non-referred adolescents who have not yet been considered in mental health policies. Improving medical accessibility will be the first step in establishing effective suicide prevention policies for these vulnerable samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Lee
- Hallym University Suicide and School Mental Health Institute, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Korea
| | - Dayoung Lee
- Hallym University Suicide and School Mental Health Institute, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Hong
- Hallym University Suicide and School Mental Health Institute, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
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16
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Lee MS, Bhang SY. Associations of the Number of Medical Visits for the Violence Victimization and Psychological Problems in Adolescents in Korea. Psychiatry Investig 2020; 17:114-121. [PMID: 32023677 PMCID: PMC7046997 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2019.0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to describe the frequency and associations of the number of medical visits for the violent victimization and mental health problems in adolescents in South Korea. METHODS In 2017, 62,276 middle and high school students participated in the thirteenth Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS). The frequency of violence victimization during the last 12 months was measured. The collected data were analyzed by applying descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, multiple linear regression, and logistic regression analysis, using the SPSS 22.0. The data were weighted to generate national estimates. RESULTS Among the respondents (sample size=62,276, weighted=3,027,488), 3.7% of boys and 1.7% of girls had experienced being treated by a doctor due to violence during the recent past 12 months. In multiple linear regression analysis, feelings of sadness or hopeless, suicide ideation, suicide plan, suicide attempt were positively associated with violence victimization (F=32656.037, p<0.001) dose response. CONCLUSION The results found cross-sectional evidence that violence victimization was associated with higher suicide behavior and depressed mood. The victims of violence should be referred follow-up for physical and psychological issues. Also, a policy including the first responders and medical staffs should be initiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Sun Lee
- Department of Meditation Psychology, Nungin University, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Young Bhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Eulji University School of Medicine, Eulji University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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17
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Cho MS. Use of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Caffeine and Suicide Attempts: Findings From a Nationally Representative Cross-sectional Study. J Prim Care Community Health 2020; 11:2150132720913720. [PMID: 32193974 PMCID: PMC7092647 DOI: 10.1177/2150132720913720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the association between students' substance use and suicide attempts in the past 1 year was examined using secondary data from the 13th Korea Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. Participants were 7th- to 12th-grade students and 50.9% were male. A binominal logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between past experience of substance use (alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine) and suicide attempts after controlling for sociodemographic and psychological factors. Compared with no use, daily use of alcohol (odds ratio [OR] = 8.00), caffeine (OR = 2.13), and tobacco (OR = 1.41) was associated with increased odds of suicide attempts. These results indicate that school-based suicide prevention programs should cover awareness, surveillance, and treatment referral for these 3 substances. Moreover, mental health professionals should monitor intake of these substances when evaluating risk of suicide attempts in youth.
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Voltas N, Hernández-Martínez C, Arija V, Canals J. Suicidality in a Community Sample of Early Adolescents: A Three-Phase Follow-Up Study. Arch Suicide Res 2020; 24:S217-S235. [PMID: 30857490 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2019.1588816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to collect data on suicidal ideation and suicidal risk prevalence in a three-phase epidemiological study. In the first phase, 1,514 participants (720 boys; mean-age = 10.2) filled out the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and other psychopathological tests. 562 individuals (mean-age = 11.3) were selected to participate in the second phase as at-risk individuals of emotional disorders or as controls, and the CDI and the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents (M.I.N.I.-Kid) were administered. In the third phase the participants (245; mean-age = 13.5) filled out the Youth's Inventory-4. The results of the CDI indicated that 15.9% of the participants showed suicidal ideation in the first phase, and 18.2% and 18.0% in the second and third phases, respectively. 33.0% of the participants persisted at 1 year of follow-up with suicidal ideation. The M.I.N.I.-Kid showed 12.2% past suicidal risk and a current risk of 2.4%. The current suicidal risk was mainly related to depressive disorders (OR 30.3). Predictors of current suicidal risk for boys included having previous depressive symptoms. For girls predictors included having previous anxiety and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, suicidal ideation and lower socioeconomic status. Spanish early adolescents had relevant rates of suicidal behavior; thus, it is important to create and apply prevention programs that consider the risk factors.
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19
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Lim KS, Wong CH, McIntyre RS, Wang J, Zhang Z, Tran BX, Tan W, Ho CS, Ho RC. Global Lifetime and 12-Month Prevalence of Suicidal Behavior, Deliberate Self-Harm and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Children and Adolescents between 1989 and 2018: A Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16224581. [PMID: 31752375 PMCID: PMC6888476 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16224581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the global lifetime and 12-month prevalence of suicidal behavior, deliberate self-harm and non-suicidal self-injury in children and adolescents. METHODS A systematic search for relevant articles published between 1989 to 2018 was performed in multiple electronic databases. The aggregate 12-month and lifetime prevalence of suicidal behavior, deliberate self-harm, and non-suicidal self-injury were calculated based on the random-effects model. Subgroup analyses were performed to compare the prevalence according to school attendance and geographical regions. Results: A total of 686,672 children and adolescents were included. The aggregate lifetime and 12-month prevalence of suicide attempts was 6% (95% CI: 4.7-7.7%) and 4.5% (95% CI: 3.4-5.9%) respectively. The aggregate lifetime and 12-month prevalence of suicidal plan was 9.9% (95% CI: 5.5-17%) and 7.5% (95% CI: 4.5-12.1%) respectively. The aggregate lifetime and 12-month prevalence of suicidal ideation was 18% (95% CI: 14.2-22.7%) and 14.2% (95% CI: 11.6-17.3%) respectively. The aggregate lifetime and 12-month prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury was 22.1% (95% CI: 16.9-28.4%) and 19.5% (95% CI: 13.3-27.6%) respectively. The aggregate lifetime and 12-month prevalence of deliberate self-harm was 13.7% (95% CI: 11.0-17.0%) and 14.2% (95% CI: 10.1-19.5%) respectively. Subgroup analyses showed that full-time school attendance, non-Western countries, low and middle-income countries, and geographical locations might contribute to the higher aggregate prevalence of suicidal behaviors, deliberate self-harm, and non-suicidal self-injury. Conclusions: This meta-analysis found that non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal ideation, and deliberate self-harm were the three most common suicidal and self-harm behaviors in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim-San Lim
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (K.-S.L.); (R.C.H.)
| | - Celine H. Wong
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
| | - Roger S. McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada;
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Jiayun Wang
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China;
- Correspondence:
| | - Zhisong Zhang
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China;
| | - Bach X. Tran
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Vietnam Young Physicians’ Association, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Wanqiu Tan
- The China-Singapore (Chongqing) Demonstration Initiative on Strategic Connectivity Think Tank, Chongqing 400043, China;
| | - Cyrus S. Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
| | - Roger C. Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (K.-S.L.); (R.C.H.)
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China;
- Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Center of Excellence in Behavioral Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
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Abdul Aziz FA, Abd Razak MA, Ahmad NA, Awaluddin SM, Lodz NA, Sooryanarayana R, Shahein NA, Mohamad Kasim N, Abd Wahab N, Jamaluddin R. Factors Associated With Suicidal Attempt Among School-Going Adolescents in Malaysia. Asia Pac J Public Health 2019; 31:73S-79S. [PMID: 31353928 DOI: 10.1177/1010539519862161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Various factors contribute to suicidal attempt. This study aims to determine the relationship between suicidal attempt and its associated factors among school-going adolescents in Malaysia. Data from the National Health and Morbidity 2017 survey were analyzed. This survey was implemented as a nationwide school-based survey targeting adolescents 13 to 17 years old. Descriptive and multiple logistic regression analysis was done using SPSS version 20. A total of 27 399 adolescents participated in this survey. The prevalence of suicidal attempt was 6.9% (95% confidence interval = 6.2-7.7). Multivariate analysis found that the odds of suicidal attempt among adolescent with depression is 4.3 (adjusted odds ratio = 4.3; 95% confidence interval = 3.9-4.8). Other significant factors are young adolescent, non-Malay ethnicities especially Indian, adolescent with parents living apart, and those without peer support and parental connectedness. A holistic approach for the planning of preventative strategies and public health policies should be made according to these risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazly Azry Abdul Aziz
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Aznuddin Abd Razak
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor Ani Ahmad
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Maria Awaluddin
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor Aliza Lodz
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rajini Sooryanarayana
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nik Adilah Shahein
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noraida Mohamad Kasim
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor'ain Abd Wahab
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rasidah Jamaluddin
- Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Ng J, Sjöstrand M, Eyal N. Adding Lithium to Drinking Water for Suicide Prevention—The Ethics. Public Health Ethics 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/phe/phz002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Recent observations associate naturally occurring trace levels of Lithium in ground water with significantly lower suicide rates. It has been suggested that adding trace Lithium to drinking water could be a safe and effective way to reduce suicide. This article discusses the many ethical implications of such population-wide Lithium medication. It compares this policy to more targeted solutions that introduce trace amounts of Lithium to groups at higher risk of suicide or lower risk of adverse effects. The question of mass treatment with Lithium recalls other choices in public health between population-wide and more targeted interventions. The framework we propose could be relevant to some of these other dilemmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared Ng
- Department of Developmental Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health
| | - Manne Sjöstrand
- Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet
| | - Nir Eyal
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health
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Vijayakumar L, Lamech N. Suicide and Suicidal Behavior in Women. MENTAL HEALTH AND ILLNESS OF WOMEN 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-0371-4_3-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Lee J, Kim TH, Min S, Kim MH, Park KC, Moon JS, Ahn JS. Depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviours in adolescent non-daily smokers compared to daily smokers and never-smokers in Korea: National cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207182. [PMID: 30427886 PMCID: PMC6241131 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We aimed to investigate the association of non-daily smoking with depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviours among adolescents by analysing data from the 2016 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBWS), a national school-based survey. METHODS We analysed data from a nationally representative sample of Korean adolescents aged 12-18 years (n = 65,528). We investigated the risks of depressive symptoms, suicide ideation, plan and attempt in adolescent non-daily smokers using multiple logistic regression analyses after adjusting for confounding factors. Taking into account the trajectory of smoking patterns in adolescents, we assessed all analyses with stratification by early (aged 12-15) and late (aged 16-18) adolescents. RESULTS Among early adolescents, non-daily smokers were more likely to have depressive symptoms, suicide ideation and plan compared with never smokers and even more likely to have depressive symptoms compared with daily smokers. Among late adolescents, non-daily smokers had higher risks of depressive symptoms, suicide ideation, plan and attempt than never smokers, whereas the risk for suicide attempts was lower than daily smokers. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that non-daily smoking in adolescents was associated with risks for depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviours, and the association was more prominent in early adolescents. Careful attention on the mental health of adolescent non-daily smokers is needed because this is an increasing and easily overlooked group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhee Lee
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Tae Hui Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Seongho Min
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Min-Hyuk Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Ki Chang Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jin Sil Moon
- Center of Biomedical Data Science (CBDS), Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Joung-Sook Ahn
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Gao T, Xiang YT, Zhang H, Gao J, Kong Y, Hu Y, Mei S. Prevalence and Correlates of Suicidal Behaviors among College Students in Northeastern China: a Cross-Sectional Study. Psychiatr Q 2018; 89:359-370. [PMID: 28971294 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-017-9540-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and correlates of suicidal behaviors among college students in Jilin Province, China. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2016, using a self-reported questionnaire. Convenience sampling method was used to select college students as participants. The analysis was based on a sample of 730 college students. We use multivariate logistic model to determine the risk factors of suicidal behaviors.The prevalence of suicidal ideation, suicidal plan, suicidal attempts were respectively 13.2%, 3.3% and 3.4%. After controlling for the potential confounding factors, history of family psychiatric illness, depression and quality of life were significantly associated with suicidal ideation. Besides, suicidal plan was predicted significantly by not living together with university roommates and depression. In terms of suicidal attempts, not living together with university roommates and history of family psychiatric illness were its risk factors. Comprehensive interventions regarding aims at risk factors may be critical as effective strategies to protect college students from suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Gao
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, NO. 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, 3/F, Building E12, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Han Zhang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, NO. 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jinglei Gao
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, NO. 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yixi Kong
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, NO. 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yueyang Hu
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, NO. 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Songli Mei
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, NO. 1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
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Jiang H, Xiang X, Hao W, Room R, Zhang X, Wang X. Measuring and preventing alcohol use and related harm among young people in Asian countries: a thematic review. Glob Health Res Policy 2018; 3:14. [PMID: 29761160 PMCID: PMC5941657 DOI: 10.1186/s41256-018-0070-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The paper reviews alcohol consumption patterns and alcohol-related social and health issues among 15–29-year old young people in Asian countries, and discusses strategies for preventing and controlling alcohol use and related harms. Methods We searched Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science for reports, reviews and journal articles published in English between 1st Jan 1990 and 31st August 2016. Results Forty-one reports, reviews and journal papers were identified and included in the final review. The current drinking levels and prevalence among young people are markedly different between eight included Asian countries, ranging from 4.2% in Malaysia to 49.3% in China. In a majority of the selected Asian countries, over 15% of total deaths among young men and 6% among young women aged 15–29 years are attributable to alcohol use. Alcohol use among young people is associated with a number of harms, including stress, family violence, injuries, suicide, and sexual and other risky behaviours. Alcohol policies, such as controlling sales, social supply and marketing, setting up/raising a legal drinking age, adding health warning labels on alcohol containers, and developing a surveillance system to monitor drinking pattern and risky drinking behaviour, could be potential means to reduce harmful use of alcohol and related harm among young people in Asia. Conclusions The review reveals that drinking patterns and behaviours vary across eight selected Asian countries due to culture, policies and regional variations. The research evidence holds substantial policy implications for harm reduction on alcohol drinking among young people in Asian countries -- especially for China, which has almost no alcohol control policies at present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Jiang
- 1Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086 Australia.,2Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Xiaojun Xiang
- 3Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China
| | - Wei Hao
- 3Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China
| | - Robin Room
- 1Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086 Australia.,4Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- 3Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China
| | - Xuyi Wang
- 3Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410011 Hunan China
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Roh BR, Jung EH, Hong HJ. A Comparative Study of Suicide Rates among 10-19-Year-Olds in 29 OECD Countries. Psychiatry Investig 2018; 15:376-383. [PMID: 29486551 PMCID: PMC5912485 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2017.08.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study had two main objectives: to compare current suicide rates in OECD countries among 10-19-year-olds and to identify patterns of suicide rates based on age, gender and time. Furthermore we investigated the main dimensions that contributed to the variation in child and adolescent suicide rates across countries. METHODS We combined the WHO mortality data and the population data released by OECD to calculate the suicide rates in 29 OECD countries. A self-organizing map (SOM), k-means clustering analysis, and multi-dimensional scaling were used to classify countries based on similarities in suicide rate structure and to identify the important dimensions accounting for differences among groups. RESULTS We identified significant differences in suicide rates depending on age, sex, country, and time period. Late adolescence and male gender were universal risk factors for suicide, and we observed a general trend of declining suicide rates in OECD countries. The SOM analysis yielded eight types of countries. Most countries showed gender gaps in suicide rates of similar magnitudes; however, there were outliers in which the gender gap was particularly large or small. CONCLUSION Significant variation exists with respect to suicide rates and their associated gender gaps in OECD countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beop-Rae Roh
- Hallym University Suicide and School Mental Health Institute, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hee Jung
- Mental Health and Communal Society Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Hong
- Hallym University Suicide and School Mental Health Institute, Anyang, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea
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Chon MW, Lee J, Chung S, Kim Y, Kim HW. Prescription Pattern of Antidepressants for Children and Adolescents in Korea Based on Nationwide Data. J Korean Med Sci 2017; 32:1694-1701. [PMID: 28875616 PMCID: PMC5592186 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.10.1694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Antidepressant prescription for youths has recently been on the increase. There is a growing concern over the increasing off-label usage of antidepressants. Current data on off-label antidepressant usage vary across countries and healthcare systems. Therefore, we examined the extent and pattern of antidepressant prescription for Korean children and adolescents using population-based data. Our data was retrieved from the Korean National Health Insurance Service National Sample Cohort of the year 2013. Among 0.2 million children and adolescents aged 6-18 years from the cohort, subjects who had received any antidepressant medication in the year 2013 were investigated for the prescribed medication, concomitant psychotropic medication, and the associated diagnosis. A total of 2,190 children and adolescents (boys, 55.4%) received antidepressant medication. The most common diagnosis was depressive disorders (n = 469, 21.4%), followed by attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (n = 442, 20.2%). Among the prescriptions (n = 3,370), escitalopram (n = 650, 24.1%) and fluoxetine (n = 553, 20.5%) were the two most frequently prescribed drugs. A majority of prescriptions (n = 2,039, 60.5%) included concomitant psychotropic agents, consisting of antipsychotics (n = 901, 26.7%), sedatives (n = 263, 26.3%), medication for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (n = 822, 24.4%), and some others. Our study shows the prescription pattern of antidepressants for children and adolescents in Korea, of which a large proportion is off-label. The results call for close monitoring by clinicians treating this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myong Wuk Chon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungsun Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seockhoon Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yangsik Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Won Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
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Pan YJ, Juang KD, Lu SR, Chen SP, Wang YF, Fuh JL, Wang SJ. Longitudinal risk factors for suicidal thoughts in depressed and non-depressed young adolescents. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2017; 51:930-937. [PMID: 28701051 DOI: 10.1177/0004867417717795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence regarding the role of risk factors in the longitudinal course of suicidal ideation among young adolescents is lacking. We aimed to assess the effects of a range of risk factors, including obesity, academic performance, child-parent relationship, physical maltreatment, and depressive symptoms, on the development of suicidal ideation in young adolescents. METHODS A school cohort of seventh and eighth graders was followed for 1 year and differences in the risk factors distributions were examined between depressed and non-depressed adolescents. We further examined risk factors for newly developed suicidal ideation and persistent suicidal ideation in the groups of adolescents based on the presence of suicidal ideation at baseline. RESULTS A total of 1710 young adolescents were recruited, among whom 8.2% were categorised as having clinically significant depression. For depressed adolescents, being obese was associated with a three-fold increased risk of having suicidal ideation. For non-depressed adolescents, physical maltreatment, a feeling of not being cared about and sub-threshold depressive symptoms were the risk factors. The latter two remained robust in predicting newly developed suicidal ideation. CONCLUSION The current study may shed light on the differential strategies to address suicidal thoughts in depressed and non-depressed adolescents. We emphasise the importance of recognition and management of sub-threshold depressive symptoms and the relevance of obesity, physical maltreatment and a feeling of not being cared about to suicide prevention programmes in early adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ju Pan
- 1 Department of Psychiatry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,2 Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Dih Juang
- 2 Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,3 Department of Psychiatry, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shiang-Ru Lu
- 4 Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Pin Chen
- 2 Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,5 Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Feng Wang
- 2 Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,5 Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Ling Fuh
- 2 Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,5 Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shuu-Jiun Wang
- 2 Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,5 Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Kang BH, Kang JH, Park HA, Cho YG, Hur YI, Sim WY, Byeon GR, Kim K. The Mediating Role of Parental Support in the Relationship between Life Stress and Suicidal Ideation among Middle School Students. Korean J Fam Med 2017; 38:213-219. [PMID: 28775811 PMCID: PMC5541169 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2017.38.4.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Youth suicide is increasingly being recognized as a major social problem in South Korea. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of parental support on the relationship between life stress and suicidal ideation among middle-school students. Methods This study analyzed data from a cross-sectional study on mental health conducted by the South Korea National Youth Policy Institute between May and July of 2013. Questionnaire responses from 3,007 middle-school students regarding stress factors, thoughts of suicide during the past year, and parental support were analyzed in terms of 3 subscale elements: emotional, academic, and financial support. Results Among the participants, 234 male students (7.8%) and 476 female students (15.8%) reported experiencing suicidal ideation in the past year. Life stress significantly influenced suicidal ideation (P<0.001), and parental support and all of the subscale elements had a significant influence on decreasing suicidal ideation. As shown in model 1, life stress increased suicidal ideation (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.318; P<0.001), and, in model 2, the effect of life stress on suicidal ideation decreased with parental support (aOR, 1.238; P<0.001). Conclusion Parental support was independently related to a decrease in suicidal ideation, and life stress was independently related to an increase in suicidal ideation. Parental support buffered the relationship between life stress and suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong-Hee Kang
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Heon Kang
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ah Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Gyu Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yang-Im Hur
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Yong Sim
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyeong-Ran Byeon
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoungwoo Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Suh S, Ebesutani CK, Hagan CR, Rogers ML, Hom MA, Ringer FB, Bernert RA, Kim S, Joiner TE. Cross-cultural relevance of the Interpersonal Theory of suicide across Korean and U.S. undergraduate students. Psychiatry Res 2017; 251:244-252. [PMID: 28214784 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study investigated the cross-cultural relevance and validity of the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (ITS) utilizing young adult samples from South Korea (n =554) and the United States (U.S.; n =390). To examine the ITS, all participants completed self-report questionnaires measuring Thwarted Belongingness, Perceived Burdensomeness, and Capability for Suicide. We examined whether each construct significantly predicted the severity of suicidal risk in both samples. We also determined whether the strength of the effects of Thwarted Belongingness and Perceived Burdensomeness on suicidal ideation differed between the two samples due to the greater degree of importance placed on interpersonal relationships in collectivistic cultures such as South Korea. Structural equation modeling was used to examine these hypotheses. Thwarted Belongingness, Perceived Burdensomeness, and Capability for Suicide significantly predicted elevated suicidal risk. However, there were no significant differences in the paths from Thwarted Belongingness or Perceived Burdensomeness to suicide risk between the South Korean and U.S. SAMPLES These findings support the cross-cultural relevance and applicability of the ITS, whereby Thwarted Belongingness and Perceived Burdensomeness serve as indicators of suicide risk in both Western (U.S.) and East Asian (Korean) samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooyeon Suh
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Chad K Ebesutani
- Department of Psychology, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Megan L Rogers
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Melanie A Hom
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Fallon B Ringer
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Rebecca A Bernert
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Soohyun Kim
- Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Thomas E Joiner
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
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Kosik R, Fan A, Mandell G, Su TP, Nguyen T, Chen J, Buka S. Academic performance in childhood and the risk of attempting suicide as an adult. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Davaasambuu S, Batbaatar S, Witte S, Hamid P, Oquendo MA, Kleinman M, Olivares M, Gould M. Suicidal Plans and Attempts Among Adolescents in Mongolia. CRISIS 2017; 38:330-343. [PMID: 28228061 DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although 75% of suicides occur in low- and middle-income countries, few studies have examined suicidal behaviors among young people in these countries. AIMS This study aimed to examine what individual characteristics were associated with suicidal plans and attempts among Mongolian youth and whether suicidal risks and behaviors varied by urban and rural locations. METHOD Logistic regression analyses were utilized to investigate suicidal plans and attempts among 5,393 adolescents using the Global Student Health Survey - 2013. RESULTS Adolescents who lived in urban areas were at higher risk for suicidal plans and behaviors than those who lived in rural areas; however, the patterns of suicidal risks were similar. Specifically, individual characteristics, such as being female, feeling lonely and worried, smoking cigarettes, drinking alcohol, and having fights at school, were associated with suicidal plans and behaviors regardless of the residential places. LIMITATIONS A number of important variables have not been included in the questionnaire such as depression, family and parental support, household income, family constructs etc. CONCLUSION Given the comparable patterns of risk between urban and rural adolescents and the relatively high rates of suicidal plans and attempts, similar mental health services and interventions are necessitated for both urban and rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarantsetseg Davaasambuu
- 1 Global Mental Health Fellowship Program, Department of Psychiatry Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Suvd Batbaatar
- 2 Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Susan Witte
- 3 School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Phillip Hamid
- 1 Global Mental Health Fellowship Program, Department of Psychiatry Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria A Oquendo
- 1 Global Mental Health Fellowship Program, Department of Psychiatry Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,4 Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.,5 Departments of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marjorie Kleinman
- 6 Epidemiology of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Olivares
- 6 Epidemiology of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Madelyn Gould
- 6 Epidemiology of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Factors associated with different smoking status in European adolescents: results of the SEYLE study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2017; 26:1319-1329. [PMID: 28386649 PMCID: PMC5656692 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-017-0980-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Early onset and long-term smoking are associated with physical and psychological health problems. The aim of the presented analysis was to investigate risk and influencing factors for different smoking status in a big sample of European adolescents. In the context of the "saving and empowering young lives in Europe" (SEYLE) study we surveyed 12,328 adolescents at the age of 13-17 from 11 countries. The survey took place in a school-based context using a questionnaire. Overall 58% reported the onset of ever-smoking under the age of 14 and 30.9% smoke on a daily basis. Multinomial logistic regression model showed significant positive associations between adolescent smoking and internalizing problems (suicidal behavior, direct self-injurious behavior, anxiety), externalizing problems (conduct problems, hyperactivity, substance consumption) and family problems (parental substance consumption, broken home). Our data show that smoking among adolescents is still a major public health problem and adolescents who smoke are at higher risk for mental problems. Further, adolescent smoking is associated with broken home families and parental behaviors. Therefore, early preventive measures are necessary not only for adolescents, but also for their parents.
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Factors that Affect Suicide Attempts of Adolescents in Multicultural Families in Korea. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13121184. [PMID: 27916813 PMCID: PMC5201325 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13121184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We examined the factors that affect suicide attempts adolescents multicultural families in South Korea. The participants were 727 adolescents whose mothers and/or fathers were born outside of South Korea (376 males and 351 females). Among them, 41 (weighted prevalence 6.2%) had attempted suicide during the last 12 months. Female gender, residence in large cities (compared with in rural areas), living with relatives/alone/with friends/in a dormitory or living in a facility (compared with living with family), high and low socio-economic status (compared with a middle level), high and low academic performance (compared with a middle level), severe perceived stress (compared with non-severe stress), conflicts with a teacher (compared with conflicts with parent), and foreign-father/-parent families (compared with foreign-mother family) were associated with increased odds of suicide attempt. The results indicate that greater awareness of the possibility of suicidal behavior is prudent for adolescents in multicultural families with certain risk factors, such as being from a foreign-parents family, living separately from the family, and having conflicts with a teacher.
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Park S, Lee Y, Lee JH. Association between energy drink intake, sleep, stress, and suicidality in Korean adolescents: energy drink use in isolation or in combination with junk food consumption. Nutr J 2016; 15:87. [PMID: 27737671 PMCID: PMC5064784 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-016-0204-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A considerable amount of research suggests that the frequent use of caffeinated energy drinks may be associated with undesirable effects, particularly so in children and adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the associations between energy drink intake and mental health problems, in isolation or in combination with junk food consumption, in a nationally representative sample of Korean adolescents. METHODS Data from the 2015 Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey, collected from 68,043 adolescents aged 12-18 years (mean age 15.09 ± 1.72 years), were analyzed. Questionnaires were administered to collect information related to dietary behavior including energy drink intake and junk food consumption. Single item measures of sleep dissatisfaction, stress, depression, suicidal ideation, suicide plan, and suicide attempt were also administered. Associations between energy drink intake and sleep dissatisfaction, perceived severe stress, persistent depressive mood, and suicidality were investigated, and a multivariate approach was taken so that additional variance from demographic and lifestyle factors could be controlled for statistically. RESULTS Energy drink intake was significantly associated with sleep dissatisfaction (adjusted odd ratios [AORs] = 1.64 and 1.25), severe stress (AORs = 2.23 and 1.38), depressive mood (AOR = 2.59 and 1.51), suicidal ideation (AORs = 3.14 and 1.43), suicide plan (AORs = 4.65 and 1.78), and suicide attempt (AORs = 6.79 and 1.91), with a higher risk for more frequent use of energy drinks (≥5 times/wk) than for less frequent use (1-4 times/wk). The detrimental effect of energy drinks on mental health was particularly prominent in frequent junk food consumers. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that energy drink intake had detrimental effects related to stress, sleep dissatisfaction, mood, and suicidality, in isolation or in combination with junk food consumption, in Korean adolescents. However, the cross-sectional study design prevents our ability to assess causal relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subin Park
- Department of Research Planning, Mental Health Research Institute, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeeun Lee
- Department of psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Junghyun H. Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Health, 127, Yongmasan-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 04933 South Korea
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Kim HJ, Abraham I. Psychometric comparison of single-item, short, and comprehensive depression screening measures in Korean young adults. Int J Nurs Stud 2016; 56:71-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Jang SI, Bae HC, Shin J, Jang SY, Hong S, Han KT, Park EC. The effect of suicide attempts on suicide ideation by family members in fast developed country, Korea. Compr Psychiatry 2016; 66:132-8. [PMID: 26995246 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Suicide is a leading cause of death globally and is one of the most exigent health problems, especially in Korea. Individuals think about suicide first before they attempt and possibly complete suicide. If attempted or completed suicide affects suicidal ideation by family members or close individuals, suicide could spread like an infectious disease. We hypothesized that a suicide attempt by a family member could affect suicidal ideation. We analyzed the association between suicidal ideation and previous suicide attempts by family members. METHODS This study used data from the fourth and fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2012). The independent variable of interest is the existence of a cohabitating family member who previously attempted suicide. The dependent variable is self-reported suicide ideation during past year. The data analysis was conducted using the chi-square test and survey logistic regression. RESULTS Suicidal ideation was reported by 14.3% of the total study population (9.5% of males, 19.0% of females), by 23.6% (22.8% of males, 31.3% of females) of individuals with a family member who attempted suicide, and by 14.1% (9.3% of males, 19.9% of females) of individuals without a family member who attempted suicide. Individuals with a family member who attempted suicide had increased odds of suicidal ideation compared with those without a family member who attempted suicide (odds ratio=2.09, 95% CI 1.48-2.49, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS To prevent suicide spreading like an infectious disease, government and policy makers should give thought and consideration to individuals with a family member who attempts suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-In Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Chul Bae
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyong Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Yong Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Seri Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Tae Han
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea.
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Kim SM, Jung JW, Park IW, Ahn CM, Kim YI, Yoo KH, Chun EM, Jung JY, Park YS, Park JH, Kim JY. Gender Differences in Relations of Smoking Status, Depression, and Suicidality in Korea: Findings from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2012. Psychiatry Investig 2016; 13:239-46. [PMID: 27081387 PMCID: PMC4823202 DOI: 10.4306/pi.2016.13.2.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As mental health problems may play an important role in initiating and maintaining cigarette smoking in females and there are an increasing number of female smokers, we evaluated the relationship between smoking status and mental health problems including depression and suicide ideation in women in Korea. METHODS We analyzed the 5-year cumulative data (19 years of age or older, n=32,184) from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) conducted from 2008 to 2012. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate associations between cigarette smoking status and mental health parameters while controlling for potentially confounding variables. RESULTS Among current smokers, females showed higher lifetime prevalence in having a depressive episode, a doctor-diagnosed major depression, a current diagnosis of depression, or receiving treatment for depression in comparison with males. In addition, females were more likely to report on having a depressive episode, suicidal ideation and attempts, and psychiatric counselling within the previous year, as compared to males. Female former smokers showed intermediate characteristics in parameters of mental health status within the previous year, ranking between lifetime non-smokers and the current smokers. CONCLUSION Identifying the factors related to mental health status among current smokers can increase opportunities for an early intervention and help reduce the prevalence of smoking and increase smoking cessation rates particularly in females. Developing adaptive coping strategies other than smoking in female youth is potentially important in reducing the initiation of smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Mi Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Woo Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Min Ahn
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Il Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Ha Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Mi Chun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Ye Jung
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Chest Disease, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sik Park
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Heon Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yeol Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Juan W, Jian-Xiong D, Lan G, Yuan H, Xue G, Jing-Hui H, Guo-Liang H, Ci-Yong L. Non-medical use of psychoactive drugs in relation to suicide tendencies among Chinese adolescents. Addict Behav 2015. [PMID: 26210910 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate the prevalence of non-medical use of psychoactive prescription drug (NMUPD) among adolescents and to explore the associations between non-medical psychoactive prescription drug use and depressive symptoms, poor sleep quality, deliberate self-harm, and suicide. METHODS A two-stage stratified cluster sample design produced a representative sample of 12-19-year-old students in grades 1-6 who attended public middle schools in Guangdong province. Prevalence estimates (SE) of non-medical psychoactive prescription drug use were calculated, and logistic regression was used to examine its association with depressive symptoms, poor sleep quality, deliberate self-harm, and suicide. RESULTS Overall, 7.5% of adolescents reported non-medical use of opioids, and 4.8% of adolescents reported non-medical use of sedatives. Lifetime, last-year, and last-month non-medical use of opioids and sedatives were positively associated with depressive symptoms, poor sleep quality, deliberate self-harm, suicidal ideation, and suicidal attempts among different gender and age-group adolescents. Those who reported last month non-medical use of opioids and sedatives had the greatest odds of reporting depressive symptoms, poor sleep quality, deliberate self-harm, suicidal ideation, and suicidal attempts. Males who were last month non-medical users of opioids or sedative had 8.9 or 10.7 times greater odds of reporting a suicidal attempt, and 8.8 or 9.8 times greater odds of reporting a suicidal attempt were observed among adolescents aged 16-19 who were last-month non-medical users of opioids or sedatives. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide evidence for improving adolescents' suicide prevention strategy by targeting supervision on high risk current non-medical users of psychoactive drug.
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Sharma B, Nam EW, Kim HY, Kim JK. Factors Associated with Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempt among School-Going Urban Adolescents in Peru. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:14842-56. [PMID: 26610536 PMCID: PMC4661683 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph121114842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Revised: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The study examines the prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt, and associated factors among school-going urban adolescents in Peru. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a sample of 916 secondary school adolescents in 2014. A structured questionnaire adapted from Global School-based Student Health Survey was used to obtain information. Data were analyzed using logistic regression models at 5% level of significance. Overall, 26.3% reported having suicidal ideation, and 17.5% reported having attempted suicide during the past 12 months. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female sex, being in a fight, being insulted, being attacked, perceived unhappiness, smoking and sexual intercourse initiation were significantly associated with increased risk of suicidal ideation, while female sex, being in a fight, being insulted, being attacked, perceived unhappiness, alcohol and illicit drug use were related to suicide attempt. The prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts observed in the survey area is relatively high. Female adolescents are particularly vulnerable to report suicidal ideation and suicide attempt. Interventions that address the issue of violence against adolescents, fighting with peers, health risk behaviors particularly initiation of smoking, alcohol and illicit drug use and encourage supportive role of parents may reduce the risk of suicidal behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimala Sharma
- Yonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju City, Gangwon-do, 220-710, Korea.
- Institute for Poverty Alleviation and International Development, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju City, Gangwon-do, 220-710, Korea.
- Department of Health Administration, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju City, Gangwon-do, 220-710, Korea.
| | - Eun Woo Nam
- Yonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju City, Gangwon-do, 220-710, Korea.
- Institute for Poverty Alleviation and International Development, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju City, Gangwon-do, 220-710, Korea.
- Department of Health Administration, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju City, Gangwon-do, 220-710, Korea.
| | - Ha Yun Kim
- Yonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju City, Gangwon-do, 220-710, Korea.
- Department of Health Administration, Graduate School, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju City, Gangwon-do, 220-710, Korea.
| | - Jong Koo Kim
- Yonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, 1 Yonseidae-gil, Wonju City, Gangwon-do, 220-710, Korea.
- Department of Family Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju City, Gangwon-do, 220-710, Korea.
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41
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the hypothesis that respondents with any of three specific sleep patterns would have a higher likelihood of suicidality than those without reports of these patterns in Korean adolescents. SETTING Data from the 2011-2013 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey were used. PARTICIPANTS 191,642 subjects were included. The survey's target population was students in grades 7 through 12 in South Korea. INDEPENDENT VARIABLE Sleep time. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Suicidal thoughts, plans and attempts. RESULTS The odds of suicidal thoughts in subjects with very short or long time in bed were 1.487-fold higher (95% CI 1.219 to 1.815) or 0.611-fold lower (95% CI 0.460 to 0.811), respectively, than for subjects with 7 h/day in bed; the odds were similar for suicidal plans. The odds of suicidal thoughts in subjects with early or late awakening times were 1.231-fold higher (95% CI 1.050 to 1.442) or 1.528-fold lower (95% CI 1.000 to 2.334), respectively, than for subjects with 7 h/day in bed; these odds were lower for suicidal plans and attempts. The odds of suicidal thoughts in subjects with early bedtime were 1.748-fold higher (95% CI 1.302 to 2.346), the odds of suicidal plans in people with an early bedtime were 2.494-fold higher (95% CI 1.671 to 3.722) and the odds of suicide attempts in subjects with late bedtime were 1.313-fold higher (95% CI 1.005 to 1.716) than for subjects with a bedtime of 23:00. CONCLUSIONS The sleep-related time is associated with suicide-related behaviours in Korean adolescents. Multilateral approaches are needed to identify the greatest risk factors for suicidal behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyun Kim
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Gyu Lee
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Hospital Management, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Bong Yoo
- Department of Healthcare Management, Eulji University, Sungnam, Korea
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Hu J, Dong Y, Chen X, Liu Y, Ma D, Liu X, Zheng R, Mao X, Chen T, He W. Prevalence of suicide attempts among Chinese adolescents: A meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies. Compr Psychiatry 2015; 61:78-89. [PMID: 26005111 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE According to World Health Organization, for every committed suicide there were 20 suicide attempts at least. In the last decade, despite the increasing awareness on suicide attempts among adolescents in China, there has been no comprehensive system reporting vital statistics. Consequently, the prevalence of suicide attempts reported in some studies ranged variedly. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to provide the first meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies of suicide attempts to fill this gap. METHODS Two reviewers independently screened potentially relevant cross-sectional studies of suicide attempts through PubMed-Medline, Embase, Wanfang Data, Chongqing VIP and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases using the core terms 'suicid*'/'suicide attempt*'/'attempted suicide' and 'adolescen*'/'youth'/'child*'/'student*' and 'China'/'Chinese' in the article titles, abstracts and keywords. Chi-square based Q test and I(2) statistic assessed the heterogeneity. Forest plot was used to display results graphically. Potential publication bias was assessed by the funnel plot, Begg's and Egger's test. RESULTS In total, 43 studies with 200,124 participants met the eligibility criteria. The pooled prevalence of suicide attempts among Chinese adolescents was 2.94% (95% CI: 2.53%-3.41%). Substantial heterogeneity in prevalence estimates was revealed. Subgroup analyses showed that the prevalence for males was 2.50% (95% CI: 2.08%-3.01%), and for females was 3.17% (95% CI: 2.56%-3.91%). CONCLUSIONS In sum, abstracting across the literatures, the prevalence of suicide attempts among Chinese adolescents was moderate compared with other countries around the world. Necessary measures should be set out prevent them in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiande Hu
- Nanhui Mental Health Center, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 201300, China
| | - Yonghai Dong
- Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, 330029, China.
| | - Xiaodan Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, 519 Beijing East Road, Nanchang 330029, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Cadre Wards of Neurology Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Dongyang Ma
- Nanhui Mental Health Center, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 201300, China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Cadre Wards of Neurology Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Ruizhi Zheng
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiangqun Mao
- Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, 330029, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, 330029, China
| | - Wei He
- Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, 330029, China
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Santini ZI, Koyanagi A, Tyrovolas S, Haro JM. The association of relationship quality and social networks with depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation among older married adults: Findings from a cross-sectional analysis of the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA). J Affect Disord 2015; 179:134-41. [PMID: 25863909 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Important associations have been found between social relationships and various mental health outcomes. However, limited data exists for these associations among older adults especially in terms of relationship quality in partnerships. This study aimed to examine the associations of positive and negative partner interactions and social networks with depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation. METHODS Nationally-representative, cross-sectional data of the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) was analyzed. The analytical sample consisted of 4988 community dwelling adults aged >50 years in spouse/partner relationships. Information on sociodemographics and social relationships were assessed using standard questions. Validated scales for depression and anxiety, and a single-item question for suicidal ideation were used to assess mental health outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between social relationships and depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. RESULTS After adjusting for confounders, negative partner interactions were significantly associated with increased likelihood of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation, while positive partner interactions were significantly and inversely related to anxiety and suicidal ideation. Higher levels of social integration were significantly associated with lower odds for depression. LIMITATIONS Given the cross-sectional nature of the research, no firm conclusions can be made in terms of directions of causality. CONCLUSION By assessing the available social network of older adults, as well as the areas in their social relationships that need to be addressed, it may be possible for practitioners and policy makers to maximize the benefits of network integration and minimize the potentially harmful aspects of social relationships, thereby improving overall mental health and emotional well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziggi Ivan Santini
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu/CIBERSAM, Dr. Antoni Pujades, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat 08830, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu/CIBERSAM, Dr. Antoni Pujades, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefanos Tyrovolas
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu/CIBERSAM, Dr. Antoni Pujades, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat 08830, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu/CIBERSAM, Dr. Antoni Pujades, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat 08830, Barcelona, Spain
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School performance and the risk of suicidal thoughts in young adults: population-based study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109958. [PMID: 25347404 PMCID: PMC4209973 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although low school performance is related to attempted and completed suicide, its relationship with suicidal thoughts has been less clear. We conducted a population-based study including 10081 individuals aged 18–29 years in Stockholm, Sweden, and found a clear positive gradient in the risk of lifetime suicidal thoughts with decreasing levels of compulsory school leaving grades. This relationship was somewhat attenuated but remained significant in multivariate models accounting for family background, severe adult psychopathology and adult socioeconomic conditions. School failure is associated with an increased risk of experiencing suicidal thoughts and may also increase the tendency of acting upon them.
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