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He H, Long J, Song X, Li Q, Niu L, Peng L, Wei X, Zhang R. A connectome-wide association study of altered functional connectivity in schizophrenia based on resting-state fMRI. Schizophr Res 2024; 270:202-211. [PMID: 38924938 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant resting-state functional connectivity is a neuropathological feature of schizophrenia (SCZ). Prior investigations into functional connectivity abnormalities have primarily employed seed-based connectivity analysis, necessitating predefined seed locations. To address this limitation, a data-driven multivariate method known as connectome-wide association study (CWAS) has been proposed for exploring whole-brain functional connectivity. METHODS We conducted a CWAS analysis involving 46 patients with SCZ and 40 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Multivariate distance matrix regression (MDMR) was utilized to identify key nodes in the brain. Subsequently, we conducted a follow-up seed-based connectivity analysis to elucidate specific connectivity patterns between regions of interest (ROIs). Additionally, we explored the spatial correlation between changes in functional connectivity and underlying molecular architectures by examining correlations between neurotransmitter/transporter distribution densities and functional connectivity. RESULTS MDMR revealed the right medial frontal gyrus and the left calcarine sulcus as two key nodes. Follow-up analysis unveiled hypoconnectivity between the right medial frontal superior gyrus and the right fusiform gyrus, as well as hypoconnectivity between the left calcarine sulcus and the right lingual gyrus in SCZ. Notably, a significant association between functional connectivity strength and positive symptom severity was identified. Furthermore, altered functional connectivity patterns suggested potential dysfunctions in the dopamine, serotonin, and gamma-aminobutyric acid systems. CONCLUSIONS This study elucidated reduced functional connectivity both within and between the medial frontal regions and the occipital cortex in patients with SCZ. Moreover, it indicated potential alterations in molecular architecture, thereby expanding current knowledge regarding neurobiological changes associated with SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei He
- Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy Laboratory, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jixin Long
- Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy Laboratory, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqi Song
- Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy Laboratory, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Li
- Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy Laboratory, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijing Niu
- Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy Laboratory, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanxin Peng
- Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy Laboratory, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Wei
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ruibin Zhang
- Cognitive Control and Brain Healthy Laboratory, Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Psychiatry, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PRC, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for PsychiatricDisorders, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine for Qingzhi Diseases, PR China.
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2
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Wang Q, Gao Y, Zhang Y, Wang X, Li X, Lin H, Xiong L, Huang C. Decreased degree centrality values as a potential neuroimaging biomarker for migraine: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study and support vector machine analysis. Front Neurol 2023; 13:1105592. [PMID: 36793799 PMCID: PMC9922777 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1105592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis of migraine are common in clinical practice. Currently, the pathophysiological mechanism of migraine is not completely known, and its imaging pathological mechanism has rarely been reported. In this study, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technology combined with a support vector machine (SVM) was employed to study the imaging pathological mechanism of migraine to improve the diagnostic accuracy of migraine. Methods We randomly recruited 28 migraine patients from Taihe Hospital. In addition, 27 healthy controls were randomly recruited through advertisements. All patients had undergone the Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS), Headache Impact Test - 6 (HIT-6), and 15 min magnetic resonance scanning. We ran DPABI (RRID: SCR_010501) on MATLAB (RRID: SCR_001622) to preprocess the data and used REST (RRID: SCR_009641) to calculate the degree centrality (DC) value of the brain region and SVM (RRID: SCR_010243) to classify the data. Results Compared with the healthy controls (HCs), the DC value of bilateral inferior temporal gyrus (ITG) in patients with migraine was significantly lower and that of left ITG showed a positive linear correlation with MIDAS scores. The SVM results showed that the DC value of left ITG has the potential to be a diagnostic biomarker for imaging, with the highest diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for patients with migraine of 81.82, 85.71, and 77.78%, respectively. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate abnormal DC values in the bilateral ITG among patients with migraine, and the present results provide insights into the neural mechanism of migraines. The abnormal DC values can be used as a potential neuroimaging biomarker for the diagnosis of migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yujun Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuandong Zhang
- Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Sleep and Psychosomatic Medicine Center, Taihe Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xuying Li
- Department of Sleep and Psychosomatic Medicine Center, Taihe Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Hang Lin
- Clinical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Xiong
- Department of Anesthesia, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Anesthesia, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Department of Anesthesia, Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunyan Huang
- Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Kong M, Chen T, Gao S, Ni S, Ming Y, Chai X, Ling C, Xu X. Abnormal network homogeneity of default-mode network and its relationships with clinical symptoms in antipsychotic-naïve first-diagnosis schizophrenia. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:921547. [PMID: 35968384 PMCID: PMC9369006 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.921547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder affecting around 0.5–1% of the global population. A few studies have shown the functional disconnection in the default-mode network (DMN) of schizophrenia patients. However, the findings remain discrepant. In the current study, we compared the intrinsic network organization of DMN of 57 first-diagnosis drug-naïve schizophrenia patients with 50 healthy controls (HCs) using a homogeneity network (NH) and explored the relationships of DMN with clinical characteristics of schizophrenia patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves analysis and support vector machine (SVM) analysis were applied to calculate the accuracy of distinguishing schizophrenia patients from HCs. Our results showed that the NH values of patients were significantly higher in the left superior medial frontal gyrus (SMFG) and right cerebellum Crus I/Crus II and significantly lower in the right inferior temporal gyrus (ITG) and bilateral posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) compared to those of HCs. Additionally, negative correlations were shown between aberrant NH values in the right cerebellum Crus I/Crus II and general psychopathology scores, between NH values in the left SMFG and negative symptom scores, and between the NH values in the right ITG and speed of processing. Also, patients’ age and the NH values in the right cerebellum Crus I/Crus II and the right ITG were the predictors of performance in the social cognition test. ROC curves analysis and SVM analysis showed that a combination of NH values in the left SMFG, right ITG, and right cerebellum Crus I/Crus II could distinguish schizophrenia patients from HCs with high accuracy. The results emphasized the vital role of DMN in the neuropathological mechanisms underlying schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuzhan Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Sulin Ni
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yidan Ming
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xintong Chai
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenxi Ling
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xijia Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Xijia Xu,
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Huang C, Zhou Y, Zhong Y, Wang X, Zhang Y. The Bilateral Precuneus as a Potential Neuroimaging Biomarker for Right Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: A Support Vector Machine Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:923583. [PMID: 35782449 PMCID: PMC9240203 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.923583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective While evidence has demonstrated that the default-mode network (DMN) plays a key role in the broad-scale cognitive problems that occur in right temporal lobe epilepsy (rTLE), little is known about alterations in the network homogeneity (NH) of the DMN in TLE. In this study, we used the NH method to investigate the NH of the DMN in TLE at rest, and an support vector machine (SVM) method for the diagnosis of rTLE. Methods A total of 43 rTLE cases and 42 healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Imaging data were analyzed with the NH and SVM methods. Results rTLE patients have a decreased NH in the right inferior temporal gyrus (ITG) and left middle temporal gyrus (MTG), but increased NH in the bilateral precuneus (PCu) and right inferior parietal lobe (IPL), compared with HCs. We found that rTLE had a longer performance reaction time (RT). No significant correlation was found between abnormal NH values and clinical variables of the patients. The SVM results showed that increased NH in the bilateral PCu as a diagnostic biomarker distinguished rTLE from HCs with an accuracy of 74.12% (63/85), a sensitivity 72.01% (31/43), and a specificity 72.81% (31/42). Conclusion These findings suggest that abnormal NH of the DMN exists in rTLE, and highlights the significance of the DMN in the pathophysiology of cognitive problems occurring in rTLE, and the bilateral PCu as a neuroimaging diagnostic biomarker for rTLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Huang
- Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Sleep and Psychosomatic Medicine Center, Taihe Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yunhua Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Clinical Medical College of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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5
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Xiong S, Li W, Zhou Y, Ren H, Lin G, Zhang S, Xiang X. Vortioxetine Modulates the Regional Signal in First-Episode Drug-Free Major Depressive Disorder at Rest. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:950885. [PMID: 35845440 PMCID: PMC9277001 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.950885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies on brain functional alterations associated with antidepressants for major depressive disorder (MDD) have produced conflicting results because they involved short treatment periods and a variety of compounds. METHODS Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained from 25 first-episode drug-free patients with MDD and 25 healthy controls. The patients, who were treated with vortioxetine for 8 weeks, were scanned at two-time points (baseline and week 8 of treatment). The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) in the imaging data was used to analyze local brain signal alterations associated with antidepressant treatment. RESULTS Compared with the controls, the patients at baseline showed decreased ALFF values in the right inferior temporal gyrus and increased ALFF values in the left inferior cerebellum, right cingulate gyrus and postcentral gyrus. After 8 weeks of vortioxetine treatment, patients showed increased ALFF values in the bilateral cingulate gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, medial superior frontal gyrus, and inferior cerebellum. CONCLUSION This study provided evidence that vortioxetine modulates brain signals in MDD sufferers. These findings contribute to the understanding of how antidepressants effect brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihong Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, Tianyou Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongwei Ren
- Department of Medical Imaging, Tianyou Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Sheng Zhang
- Liyuan Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Xiang
- Department of Spine and Orthopedics, Tianyou Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Shan X, Zhang H, Dong Z, Chen J, Liu F, Zhao J, Zhang H, Guo W. Increased subcortical region volume induced by electroconvulsive therapy in patients with schizophrenia. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2021; 271:1285-1295. [PMID: 34275006 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-021-01303-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been widely used to treat patients with schizophrenia. However, the underlying mechanisms of ECT remain unknown. In the present study, the treatment effects of ECT on brain structure in patients with schizophrenia were explored. Seventy patients with schizophrenia were scanned using structural magnetic resonance imaging. Patients in the drug group were scanned at baseline (time 1) and follow-up (time 2, 6 weeks of treatment). Patients in the ECT group were scanned before ECT treatment (baseline, time 1) and 10-12 h after the last ECT treatment (time 2). Voxel-based morphometry was applied to analyze the imaging data. Patients in the ECT group showed significantly increased gray matter volume (GMV) in the bilateral hippocampus/amygdala and left superior temporal gyrus (STG)/middle temporal gyrus (MTG) after ECT combined with antipsychotic therapy at time 2. In contrast, patients in the drug group showed decreased GMV in widespread brain regions. Correlation analysis results showed significantly negative correlations between the increased GMV in the bilateral hippocampus/amygdala and PANSS scores at baseline in the ECT group. ECT may modulate brain structure in patients with schizophrenia. The GMV in distinct subcortical regions was related to the individual therapeutic response in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Shan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Haisan Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China.,Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Multimodal Brain Imaging, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China
| | - Zhao Dong
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China.,Zhumadian Psychiatric Hospital, Zhumadian, 463000, Henan, China
| | - Jindong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Jingping Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China. .,Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Multimodal Brain Imaging, Xinxiang, 453002, Henan, China. .,School of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
| | - Wenbin Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China. .,Department of Psychiatry, The Third People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China.
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7
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Cernasov P, Walsh EC, Kinard JL, Kelley L, Phillips R, Pisoni A, Eisenlohr-Moul TA, Arnold M, Lowery SC, Ammirato M, Truong K, Nagy GA, Oliver JA, Haworth K, Smoski M, Dichter GS. Multilevel growth curve analyses of behavioral activation for anhedonia (BATA) and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy effects on anhedonia and resting-state functional connectivity: Interim results of a randomized trial ✰. J Affect Disord 2021; 292:161-171. [PMID: 34126308 PMCID: PMC8282772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neural mechanisms associated with anhedonia treatment response are poorly understood. Additionally, no study has investigated changes in resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) accompanying psychosocial treatment for anhedonia. METHODS We evaluated a novel psychotherapy, Behavioral Activation Therapy for Anhedonia (BATA, n = 38) relative to Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT, n = 35) in a medication-free, transdiagnostic, anhedonic sample in a parallel randomized controlled trial. Participants completed up to 15 sessions of therapy and up to four 7T MRI scans before, during, and after treatment (n = 185 scans). Growth curve models estimated change over time in anhedonia and in rsFC using average region-of-interest (ROI)-to-ROI connectivity within the default mode network (DMN), frontoparietal network (FPN), salience network, and reward network. Changes in rsFC from pre- to post-treatment were further evaluated using whole-network seed-to-voxel and ROI-to-ROI edgewise analyses. RESULTS Growth curve models showed significant reductions in anhedonia symptoms and in average rsFC within the DMN and FPN over time, across BATA and MBCT. There were no differences in anhedonia reductions between treatments. Within-person, changes in average rsFC were unrelated to changes in anhedonia. Between-person, higher than average FPN rsFC was related to less anhedonia across timepoints. Seed-to-voxel and edgewise rsFC analyses corroborated reductions within the DMN and between the DMN and FPN over time, across the sample. CONCLUSIONS Reductions in rsFC within the DMN, FPN, and between these networks co-occurred with anhedonia improvement across two psychosocial treatments for anhedonia. Future anhedonia clinical trials with a waitlist control group should disambiguate treatment versus time-related effects on rsFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Cernasov
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Erin C Walsh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 57514, USA
| | - Jessica L Kinard
- Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27510, USA; Division of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Lisalynn Kelley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Rachel Phillips
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Angela Pisoni
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27505, USA
| | - Tory A Eisenlohr-Moul
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Neuropsychiatry Institute, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Macey Arnold
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Sarah C Lowery
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Marcy Ammirato
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Kinh Truong
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Gabriela A Nagy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA; Duke University School of Nursing, 307 Trent Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jason A Oliver
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA; Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Kevin Haworth
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Moria Smoski
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27505, USA
| | - Gabriel S Dichter
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 57514, USA; Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27510, USA.
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8
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Li H, Ou Y, Liu F, Su Q, Zhang Z, Chen J, Zhu F, Zhao J, Guo W. Region-specific insular volumetric decreases in drug-naive, first-episode schizophrenia and their unaffected siblings. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2020; 183:106-112. [PMID: 31626393 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Decreased insular volume may be one of the anatomical alterations caused by schizophrenia. The possibility of region-specific insular volumetric reduction as an endophenotype and/or a possible treatment predictor is a critical issue with great implications for the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. The sample of the current study comprised 44 drug-naive and first-episode patients, 42 unaffected siblings, and 44 healthy controls. A computational anatomy toolbox (CAT12) was applied to analyze the structural images with a fine-grained, cross-validated brainnetome atlas. Correlation analysis and support vector regression (SVR) were used to determine the relationship between insular deficits and symptomatic severity among patients. The gray matter volume (GMV) values in the left hypergranular insula (G) exhibited the following pattern: patients < siblings < controls. GMV values in the right ventral agranular insula (vIa) and baseline Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale negative symptoms subscale scores among patients showed a positive correlation (r = 0.384, p = .010). Further SVR analysis exhibited a significantly positive correlation between GMV values in the right vIa and negative symptomatic improvement among patients (r = 0.537, p < .001). Results suggested the presence of region-specific insular volumetric decreases in first-episode schizophrenia. Thus, volumetric decrease in left G might be a potential endophenotype for schizophrenia, and GMV values in right vIa might be used to predict negative symptomatic improvement in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabing Li
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yangpan Ou
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qinji Su
- Mental Health Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhikun Zhang
- Mental Health Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jindong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Furong Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Jingping Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Wenbin Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
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Reduced connectivity in anterior cingulate cortex as an early predictor for treatment response in drug-naive, first-episode schizophrenia: A global-brain functional connectivity analysis. Schizophr Res 2020; 215:337-343. [PMID: 31522869 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antipsychotic medications may have acute effect on brain functional connectivity (FC) after only a few days of treatment. It is unclear if early changes in FC can predict treatment response in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS The study included 32 patients with drug-naive, first-episode schizophrenia and 32 healthy controls. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was obtained from the patients at two time-points (pre-treatment baseline and 1 week after treatment) and healthy controls at baseline. Patients were treated with olanzapine for 8 weeks, and clinical symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) at three time points (baseline, 1 week and 8 weeks after treatment). Imaging data were analyzed using global-brain FC (GFC) and support vector regression (SVR). RESULTS At baseline, an increased GFC was observed in bilateral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in patients compared with healthy controls. After 1 week of olanzapine treatment, patients showed decreased GFC in bilateral ACC compared to the baseline values. SVR analysis suggested a positive relationship between GFC changes in bilateral ACC at week 1 and improvement in negative symptoms at week 8 (r = 0.957, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION An early decrease in GFC in bilateral ACC may serve as a predictor for treatment response in patients with schizophrenia. If further confirmed, our finding may be able to help clinicians decide, during the early treatment course, whether the patient should stay on the chosen antipsychotic medication or switch to a different one.
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10
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Shan X, Liao R, Ou Y, Ding Y, Liu F, Chen J, Zhao J, Guo W, He Y. Metacognitive Training Modulates Default-Mode Network Homogeneity During 8-Week Olanzapine Treatment in Patients With Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:234. [PMID: 32292360 PMCID: PMC7118222 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have revealed the efficacy of metacognitive training for schizophrenia. However, the underlying mechanisms of metacognitive training on brain function alterations, including the default-mode network (DMN), remain unknown. The present study explored treatment effects of metacognitive training on functional connectivity of the brain regions in the DMN. METHODS Forty-one patients with schizophrenia and 20 healthy controls were scanned using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Patients were randomly assigned to drug plus psychotherapy (DPP) and drug therapy (DT) groups. The DPP group received olanzapine and metacognitive training, and the DT group received only olanzapine for 8 weeks. Network homogeneity (NH) was applied to analyze the imaging data, and pattern classification techniques were applied to test whether abnormal NH deficits at baseline might be used to discriminate patients from healthy controls. Abnormal NH in predicting treatment response was also examined in each patient group. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, patients at baseline showed decreased NH in the bilateral ventral medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), right posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)/precuneus, and bilateral precuneus and increased NH in the right cerebellum Crus II and bilateral superior MPFC. NH values in the right PCC/precuneus increased in the DPP group after 8 weeks of treatment, whereas no substantial difference in NH value was observed in the DT group. Support vector machine analyses showed that the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for distinguishing patients from healthy controls were more than 0.7 in the NH values of the right PCC/precuneus, bilateral ventral MPFC, bilateral superior MPFC, and bilateral precuneus regions. Support vector regression analyses showed that high NH levels at baseline in the bilateral superior MPFC could predict symptomatic improvement of positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) after 8 weeks of DPP treatment. No correlations were found between alterations in the NH values and changes in the PANSS scores/cognition parameters in the patients. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that metacognitive training is related to the modulation of DMN homogeneity in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Shan
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Rongyuan Liao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yangpan Ou
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Yudan Ding
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jindong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Jingping Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Wenbin Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Yiqun He
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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11
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Li H, Guo W, Liu F, Chen J, Su Q, Zhang Z, Fan X, Zhao J. Enhanced baseline activity in the left ventromedial putamen predicts individual treatment response in drug-naive, first-episode schizophrenia: Results from two independent study samples. EBioMedicine 2019; 46:248-255. [PMID: 31307956 PMCID: PMC6712417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antipsychotic medications are the common treatment for schizophrenia. However, reliable biomarkers that can predict individual treatment response are still lacking. The present study aimed to examine whether baseline putamen activity can predict individual treatment response in schizophrenia. Methods Two independent samples of patients with drug-naive, first-episode schizophrenia (32 patients in sample 1 and 44 in sample 2) and matched healthy controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at baseline. Patients were treated with olanzapine for 8 weeks; symptom severity was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) at baseline and week 8. Fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and pattern classification techniques were used to analyze the data. Findings Univariate analysis shows an elevated pre-treatment fALFF in the left ventromedial putamen in both patient samples compared to healthy controls (p's < 0.001). The support vector regression (SVR) analysis suggests a positive relationship between baseline pre-treatment fALFF in the left ventromedial putamen and improvement in positive symptom at week 8 in each patient group using a cross-validated method (r = 0.452, p = .002; r = 0.511, p = .003, respectively). Interpretation Our study suggests that elevated pre-treatment mean fALFF in the left ventromedial putamen may predict individual therapeutic response to olanzapine treatment in drug-naive, first-episode patients with schizophrenia. Future studies are needed to confirm whether this finding is generalizable to patients with schizophrenia treated with other antipsychotic medications. Fund The National Key R&D Program of China and the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabing Li
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Wenbin Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300000, China
| | - Jindong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Qinji Su
- Mental Health Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Zhikun Zhang
- Mental Health Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Xiaoduo Fan
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, UMass Memorial Medical Center, One Biotech, Suite 100, 365 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, United States.
| | - Jingping Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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12
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Wu R, Ou Y, Liu F, Chen J, Li H, Zhao J, Guo W, Fan X. Reduced Brain Activity in the Right Putamen as an Early Predictor for Treatment Response in Drug-Naive, First-Episode Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:741. [PMID: 31649567 PMCID: PMC6791918 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Antipsychotic medications can have a significant effect on brain function after only several days of treatment. It is unclear whether such an acute effect can serve as an early predictor for treatment response in schizophrenia. Thirty-two patients with drug-naive, first-episode schizophrenia and 32 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Patients were treated with olanzapine and were scanned at baseline and 1 week of treatment. Healthy controls were scanned once at baseline. Symptom severity was assessed within the patient group using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) at three time points (baseline, 1 week of treatment, and 8 weeks of treatment). The fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and support vector regression (SVR) methods were used to analyze the data. Compared with the control group, the patient group showed increased levels of fALFF in the bilateral putamen at baseline. After 1week of olanzapine treatment, the patient group showed decreased levels of fALFF in the right putamen relative to those at baseline. The SVR analysis found a significantly positive relationship between the reduction in fALFF after 1 week of treatment and the improvement in positive symptoms after 8 weeks of treatment (r = 0.431, p = 0.014). The present study provides evidence that early reduction and normalization of fALFF in the right putamen may serve as a predictor for treatment response in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renrong Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Yangpan Ou
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jindong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Huabing Li
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingping Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Wenbin Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoduo Fan
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, UMass Memorial Medical Center, One Biotech, Worcester, MA, United States
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13
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Zhu F, Liu F, Guo W, Chen J, Su Q, Zhang Z, Li H, Fan X, Zhao J. Disrupted asymmetry of inter- and intra-hemispheric functional connectivity in patients with drug-naive, first-episode schizophrenia and their unaffected siblings. EBioMedicine 2018; 36:429-435. [PMID: 30241918 PMCID: PMC6197719 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lack of normal asymmetry in the brain has been reported in patients with schizophrenia. However, it remains unclear whether disrupted asymmetry originates from inter-hemispheric functional connectivity (FC) and/or intra-hemispheric FC in this patient population. Methods Forty-four patients with drug-naive, first-episode schizophrenia, 42 unaffected siblings, and 44 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan. The parameter of asymmetry (PAS) and support vector machine (SVM) were used to analyze the data. Patients were treated with olanzapine for 8 weeks. Findings Compared with healthy controls, patients showed lower PAS scores in the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG)/inferior temporal gyrus (ITG), left posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)/precuneus and left angular gyrus, and higher PAS scores in the left precentral gyrus/postcentral gyrus. Unaffected siblings also showed lower PAS scores in the left MTG/ITG and left PCC/precuneus relative to healthy controls. Further, SVM analysis showed that a combination of the PAS scores in these two clusters in patients at baseline was able to predict clinical response after 8 weeks of olanzapine treatment with 77.27% sensitivity, 72.73% specificity, and 75.00% accuracy. Interpretation The present study suggests disrupted asymmetry of inter- and intra-hemispheric FC in drug-naive, first-episode schizophrenia; in addition, a reduced asymmetry of inter-hemispheric FC in the left MTG/ITG and left PCC/precuneus may serve as an endophenotype for schizophrenia, and may have clinical utility to predict response to olanzapine treatment. Fund The National Key R&D Program of China and the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300000, China
| | - Wenbin Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
| | - Jindong Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Qinji Su
- Mental Health Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Zhikun Zhang
- Mental Health Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Huabing Li
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiaoduo Fan
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, UMass Memorial Medical Center, One Biotech, Suite 100, 365 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, United States.
| | - Jingping Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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14
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Tarcijonas G, Sarpal DK. Neuroimaging markers of antipsychotic treatment response in schizophrenia: An overview of magnetic resonance imaging studies. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 131:104209. [PMID: 29953933 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Antipsychotic drugs are the primary treatment for psychosis, yet individual response to their administration remains variable. At present, no biological predictors of response exist to guide clinicians as they select treatments for patients, and our understanding of the neurobiology underlying the heterogeneity of outcomes remains limited. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been applied by numerous studies to examine the response to antipsychotic treatment, though a large gap remains between their results and our clinical practice. To advance patient care with precision medicine approaches, prior work must be accounted for and built upon with future studies. This review provides an overview of studies that relate treatment outcome to various MRI-related measures, including structural, spectroscopic, diffusion tensor, and functional imaging. Knowledge derived from these studies will be discussed along with future directions for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goda Tarcijonas
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Deepak K Sarpal
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
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15
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Gao Y, Zheng J, Li Y, Guo D, Wang M, Cui X, Ye W. Abnormal default-mode network homogeneity in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11239. [PMID: 29952987 PMCID: PMC6039636 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Default-mode network (DMN) plays a key role in a broad-scale cognitive problem, which occurs in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). However, little is known about the alterations of the network homogeneity (NH) of DMN in TLE. In the present study, we employed NH method to investigate the NH of DMN in TLE at rest.A total of 47 patients with TLE (right TLE [rTLE] 29, and left TLE [lTLE] 18) and 35 healthy controls who underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging were enrolled. NH approach was used to analyze the data.rTLE exhibited decreased NH in the right middle temporal pole gyrus and increased NH in the bilateral posterior cingulate cortex compared to the control group. In lTLE, decreased NH was observed in left inferior temporal gyrus and left hippocampus. Meanwhile, we found that lTLE had a longer performance reaction time. No significant correlation was found between abnormal NH values and clinical variables in the patients.These findings suggested that abnormal NH of the DMN exists in rTLE and lTLE, and highlighted the significance of DMN in the pathophysiology of cognitive problems occurring in TLE and also found the existence of abnormality of executive function in lTLE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei Ye
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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16
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Gao Y, Wang M, Yu R, Li Y, Yang Y, Cui X, Zheng J. Abnormal Default Mode Network Homogeneity in Treatment-Naive Patients With First-Episode Depression. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:697. [PMID: 30618871 PMCID: PMC6305293 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: The default mode network (DMN) may be an important component involved in the broad-scale cognitive problems seen in patients with first-episode treatment-naive depression. Nevertheless, information is scarce regarding the changes in network homogeneity (NH) found in the DMN of these patients. Therefore, in this study, we explored the NH of the DMN in patients with first-episode treatment-naive depression. Methods: The study included 66 patients and 74 control participants matched by age, gender, educational level and health status who underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and the attentional network test (ANT). To assess data, the study utilizes NH and independent component analysis (ICA). Additionally, Spearman's rank correlation analysis is performed among significantly abnormal NH in depression patients and clinical measurements and executive control reaction time (ECRT). Results: In comparison with the control group, patients with first-episode treatment-naive depression showed lower NH in the bilateral angular gyrus (AG), as well as increased NH in the bilateral precuneus (PCu) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). Likewise, patients with first-episode treatment-naive depression had longer ECRT. No significant relation was found between abnormal NH values and the measured clinical variables. Conclusions: Our results suggest patients with first-episode treatment-naive depression have abnormal NH values in the DMN. This highlights the significance of DMN in the pathophysiology of cognitive problems in depression. Our study also found alterations in executive functions in patients with first-episode treatment-naive depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Gao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Menglin Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - RenQiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaping Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ying Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiangxiang Cui
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinou Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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17
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Gao S, Lu S, Shi X, Ming Y, Xiao C, Sun J, Yao H, Xu X. Distinguishing Between Treatment-Resistant and Non-Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia Using Regional Homogeneity. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:282. [PMID: 30127752 PMCID: PMC6088138 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) and non-treatment-resistant schizophrenia (NTRS) respond to antipsychotic drugs differently. Previous studies demonstrated that patients with TRS or NTRS exhibited abnormal neural activity in different brain regions. Accordingly, in the present study, we tested the hypothesis that a regional homogeneity (ReHo) approach could be used to distinguish between patients with TRS and NTRS. Methods: A total of 17 patients with TRS, 17 patients with NTRS, and 29 healthy controls (HCs) matched in sex, age, and education levels were recruited to undergo resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI). ReHo was used to process the data. ANCOVA followed by post-hoc t-tests, receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC), and correlation analyses were applied for the data analysis. Results: ANCOVA analysis revealed widespread differences in ReHo among the three groups in the occipital, frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes. ROC results indicated that the optimal sensitivity and specificity of the ReHo values in the left postcentral gyrus, left inferior frontal gyrus/triangular part, and right fusiform could differentiate TRS from NTRS, TRS from HCs, and NTRS from HCs were 94.12 and 82.35%, 100 and 86.21%, and 82.35 and 93.10%, respectively. No correlation was found between abnormal ReHo and clinical symptoms in patients with TRS or NTRS. Conclusions: TRS and NTRS shared most brain regions with abnormal neural activity. Abnormal ReHo values in certain brain regions might be applied to differentiate TRS from NTRS, TRS from HC, and NTRS from HC with high sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhan Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuiping Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Shi
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yidan Ming
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaoyong Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xijia Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Psychiatry, Nanjing Brain Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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18
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Increased anterior default-mode network homogeneity in first-episode, drug-naive major depressive disorder: A replication study. J Affect Disord 2018; 225:767-772. [PMID: 28938513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal default-mode network (DMN) homogeneity has been involved in the neurophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) with inconsistent findings. The inconsistency may be due to clinical and methodological variability, and the reproducibility of the findings is limited. The present study aimed to examine alterations of the DMN homogeneity in two independent samples of patients with first-episode, drug-naive MDD. METHODS The samples included 59 patients with MDD and 31 comparison subjects from Sample 1 and 29 patients with MDD and 24 comparison subjects from Sample 2. Network homogeneity (NH) was computed with an overlapping technique, which was employed to define brain regions with abnormal NH common to the MDD samples. RESULTS Compared with comparison subjects, patients with MDD exhibited increased NH in an overlapped brain region of the left superior medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC). No correlations were found between abnormal NH and HAMD total/subscale scores in the patients of each sample and in the combined patients from both samples. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to examine alterations of DMN homogeneity in first-episode, drug-naive patients with MDD in two independent samples by using an overlapping technique. Patients with MDD exhibit increased NH in an overlapped region in the anterior DMN. The present study thus highlights the importance of the DMN in the neurophysiology of MDD.
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