1
|
Solbakken LE, Bergvik S, Wynn R. Beliefs about mental health in incarcerated males: a qualitative interview study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1242756. [PMID: 37779608 PMCID: PMC10538968 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1242756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Beliefs about mental health are shaped by the sociocultural context. Prisons have unique environmental and social features, and the prevalence of mental health problems in incarcerated populations is exceptionally high. These features make prisons especially interesting settings for exploring health beliefs. The aim of this study was to explore the conceptualizations of mental health and coping preferences in a prison environment. Methods Individual in-depth interviews were conducted with fifteen incarcerated males from three prisons in Northern Norway. The design draws on central elements from Grounded Theory. Results Mental health was perceived as distinct from mental illness by many of the participants. They coped with the prison environment by focusing on the things that gave them a sense of meaning and autonomy - this also formed their conceptualization of mental health. Furthermore, social interaction and activities were perceived as important to enhance and maintain mental well-being, however there were institutional barriers to using these coping strategies. The prison environment was integrated in the participants conceptualizations of mental health problems, and psychosocial stressors were emphasized in causal attributions. Biological and dispositional factors were less frequently mentioned. The participants preferred non-medical management for mental health problems and most displayed a reserved attitude towards psychotropic medications. The exception was attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, for which they held neurobiological causal beliefs, together with a corresponding preference for medication as treatment. Conclusion The main finding was a firm integration of the prison context in in the participants' beliefs about mental health. We theorize that fusion of prison conditions and mental health beliefs were brought on by the processes of prisonization, observing mental distress in peers and attempts to protect self-esteem by externalizing the causes for mental health problems. Access to activities, social time, and "someone to talk to" were perceived to be crucial for improving and preserving mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Line Elisabeth Solbakken
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Substance Use, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Svein Bergvik
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Rolf Wynn
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Education, ICT and Learning, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Elliott M. Explanatory models of mental illness among working professionals diagnosed with bipolar or depression in the United States. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023; 69:476-482. [PMID: 35791623 DOI: 10.1177/00207640221109156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People diagnosed with mental illness develop a variety of explanatory models of their conditions in the face of uncertainty. Explanatory models matter because they are associated with internalized stigma and illness behaviors such as treatment preferences. AIMS This paper explores how working professionals in the United States draw on biological and/or environmental factors to explain the cause(s) of their diagnoses of bipolar or depression. METHOD Findings are derived from an analysis of transcripts of in-depth interviews with 52 individuals from across the United States who were invited to participate in a study of working professionals diagnosed with mental illness. About 25 self-identified as having bipolar disorder and 27 as having major depression. Transcript data were analyzed following the principles of flexible coding with the goal of establishing a typology of explanatory models of self-identified bipolar versus depression. RESULTS Six types of explanatory models emerged from the analysis. One was exclusively biological, a second was exclusively environmental, and the remaining four combined biological and environmental factors in different ways. Quotations from the interviews are provided to illustrate each type, and comparisons between types are made based on primary diagnosis (bipolar vs. depression), and self-reports of trauma and stressful experiences. CONCLUSION Implications for the future research on explanatory models and how they may impact people who are diagnosed with a mental illness across multiple dimensions of their lives are presented.
Collapse
|
3
|
Elliott M, Reuter JC. The Benefits and Challenges of Employment for Working Professionals Diagnosed with Mental Illness. Community Ment Health J 2022; 58:645-656. [PMID: 34244866 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-021-00866-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore how professional employment impacts mental health among people with mental illness, and how having a mental illness impacts job performance, both positively and negatively. The research is based on in-depth interview data from 56 professionals diagnosed with mental illness, and the interview transcripts are analyzed in accordance with the flexible coding model of qualitative data analysis. We find that working conditions of professional jobs pose challenges to managing symptoms of mental illness, including the pressures of responsibility and exposure to secondary trauma. However, professional employment also provides benefits such as social connections and feeling accountable. Similarly, symptoms cause problems at work like having angry outbursts, yet experience with mental illness informs job performance such as by increasing empathy with others. We use these findings to recommend new directions for research and argue for inclusion of people with mental illness in the workplace.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Elliott
- University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., Mail Stop 300, Reno, NV, 89557, USA.
| | - Jordan C Reuter
- University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., Mail Stop 300, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sørensen KD, Wilberg T, Berthelsen E, Råbu M. Subjective experience of the origin and development of avoidant personality disorder. J Clin Psychol 2020; 76:2232-2248. [PMID: 32585050 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To better understand how persons diagnosed with avoidant personality disorder (AVPD) make sense of the origin and development of their current everyday struggles. METHODS Persons with AVPD (N = 15) were interviewed twice using semi-structured qualitative interviews, which were analyzed through interpretative-phenomenological analysis. Persons with the first-hand experience of AVPD were included in the research. RESULTS The superordinate theme, "a story of becoming forlorn," encompassed three main themes: "it goes all the way back to when I was little," "there was a distance between others and me," and "transitions made it worse." CONCLUSIONS Though the results are not necessarily specific to AVPD, the findings clarify how people with AVPD can make sense of their current struggles by constructing developmental life stories in the interplay between themselves as persons and the growing demands of their social world. Furthermore, childhood relational vulnerabilities may challenge the ongoing development of social cognition and skills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristine D Sørensen
- Group Therapy Team, Aust-Agder County Outpatient Psychiatric Unit, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Theresa Wilberg
- Department for Research and Development, Clinic for Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway, Norway
| | - Eivind Berthelsen
- Group Therapy Team, Aust-Agder County Outpatient Psychiatric Unit, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Marit Råbu
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sagayadevan V, Lau YW, Zhang Y, Jeyagurunathan A, Shafie S, Chang S, Chong SA, Subramaniam M. Caregivers' causal attributions of their relatives' mental illness and the association with stigma. Transcult Psychiatry 2020; 57:421-431. [PMID: 31674286 DOI: 10.1177/1363461519884384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Causal attributions of mental illness have received substantial attention given their influence on help-seeking patterns of individuals and the level of engagement with health services. Few studies, however, have examined caregivers' perspectives of their relatives' illness. The current study aimed to examine caregivers' causal attributions of their relatives' mental illness and its association with perceived stigma in a multi-ethnic Asian sample. Primary caregivers (N = 350) of psychiatric outpatients were recruited from a psychiatric hospital. The attribution and stigma sections of the Family Interview Schedule (FIS) were utilized to obtain caregivers' causal report of their relatives' illness and stigma perception. Logistic regressions were performed to examine the socio-demographic and diagnostic correlates of the four categories of causal attributions (psychosocial, biological, drug-/substance use-related, supernatural). The majority of caregivers identified psychosocial causes, followed by biological, supernatural, and lastly drug-/substance use-related causes for their relatives' illness. Marital status, religion, employment status and the diagnosis of depressive disorders were significant correlates of biological attributions. Ethnicity and not knowing their relatives' diagnosis were significantly associated with psychosocial attributions. For drug-/substance use-related attributions, ethnicity was the only significant correlate. Supernatural attributions did not yield any significant associations. Caregivers who endorsed drug-/substance use-related reasons also reported significantly higher stigma than caregivers who did not endorse these attributions. A tendency to endorse biological and psychosocial causes for their relative's illness was noted among caregivers. Further research on caregivers' causal attributions is warranted to account for and replicate current study findings.
Collapse
|
6
|
Palitsky R, Sullivan D, Young IF, Dong S. Worldviews and the construal of suffering from depression. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jts5.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Palitsky
- Department of Psychology; University of Arizona; Tucson Arizona
| | - Daniel Sullivan
- Department of Psychology; University of Arizona; Tucson Arizona
| | - Isaac F. Young
- Department of Psychology; University of Arizona; Tucson Arizona
| | - Sheila Dong
- School of Writing, Literature, and Film; Oregon State University; Corvallis Oregon
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Karanci NA, Aras A, Kumpasoğlu GB, Can D, Çakır E, Karaaslan C, Semerci M, Tüzün D. Living with schizophrenia: Perspectives of Turkish people with schizophrenia from two Patient Associations on how the illness affects their lives. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2019; 65:98-106. [PMID: 30618321 DOI: 10.1177/0020764018820879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a chronic mental illness affecting the social and occupational lives of the sufferers and posing a considerable burden on the patients and their families. Furthermore, negative societal reactions and the internalization of these attitudes exacerbate the difficulties encountered. This study examines the perspectives of Turkish people with schizophrenia on how they view the impact of the illness on their lives, the societal reactions and attitudes to schizophrenia and whether they agree with these reactions. METHODS Twenty-three adult participants, all members of two schizophrenia associations in Ankara, capital of Turkey, were recruited. Semistructured interviews were used to find out their perspectives on how the illness affected their lives, how the society reacts to them and their views on these reactions. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and thematic analysis was used to capture the general and the subthemes. RESULTS The findings suggest that causal attributions for the illness, the impact of illness on various life domains, challenges of living with the illness and finally stigmatization are general categories that capture the perspectives of the participants. CONCLUSION People diagnosed with schizophrenia experience the impacts and burdens of their illness in various domains of their lives and negative societal reactions heighten these burdens. It seems important to consider the challenges faced by people with schizophrenia in living with their illness and the impacts of negative societal behaviors and attitudes in offering psychosocial interventions programs for supporting this group. Furthermore, combating negative societal attitudes also seems to be necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuray A Karanci
- Department of Psychology, Middle East Technical University, Turkey
| | - Aylin Aras
- Department of Psychology, Middle East Technical University, Turkey
| | | | - Demet Can
- Department of Psychology, Middle East Technical University, Turkey
| | - Ekin Çakır
- Department of Psychology, Middle East Technical University, Turkey
| | | | - Mine Semerci
- Department of Psychology, Middle East Technical University, Turkey
| | - Duygu Tüzün
- Department of Psychology, Middle East Technical University, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bacon I, McKay E, Reynolds F, McIntyre A. The Lived Experience of Codependency: an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Int J Ment Health Addict 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-018-9983-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
9
|
Pan J, Liu B, Kreps GL. A content analysis of depression-related discourses on Sina Weibo: attribution, efficacy, and information sources. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:772. [PMID: 29925363 PMCID: PMC6011261 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5701-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a mood disorder that may lead to severe outcomes including mental breakdown, self-injury, and suicide. Potential causes of depression include genetic, sociocultural, and individual-level factors. However, public understandings of depression guided by a complex interplay of media and other societal discourses might not be congruent with the scientific knowledge. Misunderstandings of depression can lead to under-treatment and stigmatization of depression. Against this backdrop, this study aims to achieve a holistic understanding of the patterns and dynamics in discourses about depression from various information sources in China by looking at related posts on social media. METHOD A content analysis was conducted with 902 posts about depression randomly selected within a three-year period (2014 to 2016) on the mainstream social media platform in China, Sina Weibo. Posts were analyzed with a focus on attributions of and solutions to depression, attitudes towards depression, and efficacy indicated by the posts across various information sources. RESULTS Results suggested that depression was most often attributed to individual-level factors. Across all the sources, individual-level attributions were often adopted by state-owned media whereas health and academic experts and organizations most often mentioned biological causes of depression. Citizen journalists and unofficial social groups tended to make societal-level attributions. Overall, traditional media posts suggested the lowest efficacy in coping with depression and the most severe negative outcomes as compared with other sources. CONCLUSIONS The dominance of individual-level attributions and solutions regarding depression on Chinese social media on one hand manifests the public's limited understanding of depression and on the other hand, may further constrain adoption of scientific explanations about depression and exacerbate stigmatization towards depressed individuals. Mass media's posts centered on description of severe outcomes of depression without suggestions of solutions' effectiveness, which may induce more anxiety among depressed individuals. Campaigns promoting comprehensive understandings about depression and popular works translating scientific findings on depression to the public are called for.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiabao Pan
- The School of Culture and Media, Central University of Finance and Economics, No. 39 Xueyuan South Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Bingjie Liu
- Donald P. Bellisario College of Communications, The Pennsylvania State University, 115 Carnegie, University Park, PA, 16801, USA.
| | - Gary L Kreps
- Department of Communication, George Mason University, Robinson Hall A339, MS 3D6, Fairfax, VA, 22030-4444, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Brew B, Shannon C, Storey L, Boyd A, Mulholland C. A qualitative phenomenological analysis of the subjective experience and understanding of the at risk mental state. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2017; 12:1342504. [PMID: 28689474 PMCID: PMC5510197 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2017.1342504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Over recent years there has been a growing interest in identifying the early stages of psychosis. The At Risk Mental State (ARMS) is characteristic of the prodromal stages of psychosis and its identification gives rise to a number of clinical and research opportunities including early intervention and prevention of psychosis. This study employs interpretative phenomenological analysis to gain insights into the subjective experience and individuals understanding of the development of their ARMS. Five participants took part and provided information on the experience of symptoms, life prior to onset of their ARMS and their understanding of symptoms and their development through a semi structured interview. From the analysis of transcripts eight themes emerged which were common across participants accounts. Three themes of experience (disturbed world/disturbed self, disconnection with the world, thunderstruck) and five themes of understanding (absence of understanding, use of others, identity, forming links, fragmented understanding) were identified. Themes are explored in detail and discussed in relation to existing literature and theory. Clinical implications, directions for future research, and limitations are discussed within.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Brew
- a School of Psychology , Queens University Belfast , Belfast , Northern Ireland
| | - Ciaran Shannon
- a School of Psychology , Queens University Belfast , Belfast , Northern Ireland.,b STEP Team , Northern Health and Social Care Trust , Antrim , Northern Ireland
| | - Lesley Storey
- a School of Psychology , Queens University Belfast , Belfast , Northern Ireland
| | - Adrian Boyd
- b STEP Team , Northern Health and Social Care Trust , Antrim , Northern Ireland
| | - Ciaran Mulholland
- b STEP Team , Northern Health and Social Care Trust , Antrim , Northern Ireland.,c School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences , Queens University Belfast , Northern Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
What Do Patients Think about the Cause of Their Mental Disorder? A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Causal Beliefs of Mental Disorder in Inpatients in Psychosomatic Rehabilitation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169387. [PMID: 28056066 PMCID: PMC5215939 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients' causal beliefs about their mental disorders are important for treatment because they affect illness-related behaviours. However, there are few studies exploring patients' causal beliefs about their mental disorder. OBJECTIVES (a) To qualitatively explore patients' causal beliefs of their mental disorder, (b) to explore frequencies of patients stating causal beliefs, and (c) to investigate differences of causal beliefs according to patients' primary diagnoses. METHOD Inpatients in psychosomatic rehabilitation were asked an open-ended question about their three most important causal beliefs about their mental illness. Answers were obtained from 678 patients, with primary diagnoses of depression (N = 341), adjustment disorder (N = 75), reaction to severe stress (N = 57) and anxiety disorders (N = 40). Two researchers developed a category system inductively and categorised the reported causal beliefs. Qualitative analysis has been supplemented by logistic regression analyses. RESULTS The causal beliefs were organized into twelve content-related categories. Causal beliefs referring to "problems at work" (47%) and "problems in social environment" (46%) were most frequently mentioned by patients with mental disorders. 35% of patients indicate causal beliefs related to "self/internal states". Patients with depression and patients with anxiety disorders stated similar causal beliefs, whereas patients with reactions to severe stress and adjustment disorders stated different causal beliefs in comparison to patients with depression. LIMITATIONS There was no opportunity for further exploration, because we analysed written documents. CONCLUSIONS These results add a detailed insight to mentally ill patients' causal beliefs to illness perception literature. Additionally, evidence about differences in frequencies of causal beliefs between different illness groups complement previous findings. For future research it is important to clarify the relation between patients' causal beliefs and the chosen treatment.
Collapse
|
12
|
Araten-Bergman T, Avieli H, Mushkin P, Band-Winterstein T. How aging individuals with schizophrenia experience the self-etiology of their illness: a reflective lifeworld research approach. Aging Ment Health 2016; 20:1147-1156. [PMID: 26193335 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2015.1063110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In recent years, there are an increasing number of individuals with schizophrenia who are aging within the general society. Self-etiology of the illness refers to its causal attributions by this population as part of the life review process. The aim of this paper is to develop knowledge from the perspective of older people with schizophrenia regarding the self-etiology of their illness. Focusing on the self-etiology of this particular population is useful, to enhance the understanding of their lived experience in the context of their lifeworld. METHOD The study was carried out using the reflective lifeworld phenomenological approach. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 aging individuals with schizophrenia followed by analysis for meaning. RESULTS Five major constituents of the phenomenon under study - the experience of self-etiology among aging people with schizophrenia - emerged from the findings: 'It leaves you to your fate' - schizophrenia as a decree of fate; 'I have sinned against God' - schizophrenia as a punishment from God; 'They put something in my coffee' - schizophrenia as a result of witchcraft; 'Her genes are in me' - schizophrenia as genetic; and 'She left me and that's how I got sick' - schizophrenia as a result of personal trauma. CONCLUSIONS The findings show that self-etiology in old age tends to be stable, externally attributed and culturally oriented, and serves as a central component in the life review process. This is relevant for professionals developing intervention methods for aging people with schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hila Avieli
- b Department of Criminology , Ariel University, Ariel , Israel
| | - Peli Mushkin
- c Department of Gerontology , University of Haifa, Haifa , Israel
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lincoln TM, Jung E, Wiesjahn M, Wendt H, Bock T, Schlier B. The impact of negative treatment experiences on persistent refusal of antipsychotics. Compr Psychiatry 2016; 70:165-73. [PMID: 27552661 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS We investigate reasons for persistent medication refusal in schizophrenia spectrum disorders and test whether factors that speak for a rational decision, such as negative experiences with medication or low symptom distress predict medication refusal, even after taking differences in insight into account. METHOD We included 45 participants with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, of which 20 had refused antipsychotic medication for at least three months and assessed reasons for taking or not taking medication, labeling condition as mental disorder ("insight"), experiences with the previous treatments, symptoms and symptom distress, positive and negative consequences and experiences of psychosis, causal beliefs, therapeutic relationships with previous clinicians and attitudes towards medication. RESULTS Groups did not differ in symptom severity but medication refusers reported significantly less insight, less satisfaction with their most-recent psychiatrist and with previous medication, and more negative beliefs about harmful effects of medication. They also felt less informed about medication. After controlling for insight, the perceived helpfulness of the previous treating psychiatrist (OR=0.30, z=5.58, p=0.018) and of previous medication (OR=0.27, z=6.87, p=0.009) and feeling insufficiently informed about medication (OR=0.53, z=3. 85, p=0.050) significantly predicted medication discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS Building rapport with patients with a different view of the nature of their condition and encouraging informed decisions on medication are likely to improve medication adherence. However, the findings also suggest that refusing medication after a phase of initial adherence is also the consequence of negative experiences with medication and could result from weighing the pros against the cons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tania M Lincoln
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Universität Hamburg.
| | - Esther Jung
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg
| | - Martin Wiesjahn
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg
| | - Hanna Wendt
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Universität Hamburg
| | - Thomas Bock
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | - Björn Schlier
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Universität Hamburg
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Carter L, Read J, Pyle M, Morrison AP. The Impact of Causal Explanations on Outcome in People Experiencing Psychosis: A Systematic Review. Clin Psychol Psychother 2016; 24:332-347. [PMID: 26805779 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Carter
- The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
- Psychosis Research Unit, Greater Manchester West Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust; Manchester UK
| | - John Read
- Swinburne University; Melbourne Australia
| | - Melissa Pyle
- Psychosis Research Unit, Greater Manchester West Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust; Manchester UK
| | - Anthony P. Morrison
- The University of Manchester; Manchester UK
- Psychosis Research Unit, Greater Manchester West Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust; Manchester UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang W, Liu Y. Discussing mental illness in Chinese social media: the impact of influential sources on stigmatization and support among their followers. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2015; 31:355-363. [PMID: 26360792 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2014.957376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A content analysis was conducted to examine depression-related discourses by public opinion leaders and mainstream media in the Chinese social media platform Sina Weibo, as well as the impact of these discourses on their followers. The study revealed that stereotypical presentations of people with depression by influential sources often promoted stigmatization of or reduced support for depressed individuals among their followers. Environmental and genetic attributions for the disease in the original posts reduced stigmatization in the response posts. Information about recovery and treatment proved to be a double-edged sword, reducing stigmatization and support among followers at the same time. The use of a crime context to discuss depression in the original posts often promoted stigmatization, while discussing it in a health context increased support in the response posts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weirui Wang
- a School of Journalism and Mass Communication , Florida International University
| | - Yu Liu
- a School of Journalism and Mass Communication , Florida International University
| |
Collapse
|