1
|
da Silva ACR, Vasques AMV, Bueno CRE, Ervolino E, Cintra LTÂ, Biguetti CC, Matsumoto MA, Dezan-Junior E. Effects of cigarette smoke inhalation on the immune-inflammatory profile of experimental apical periodontitis in rats. Int Endod J 2023; 56:1559-1570. [PMID: 37787896 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of cigarette smoke inhalation on the immune-inflammatory profile of experimental apical periodontitis in rats. METHODOLOGY In total, 32 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 8): AP-induced apical periodontitis; S-cigarette smoke inhalation; APS-induced AP and cigarette smoke inhalation; and C (control)-neither AP nor cigarette smoke inhalation. To induce cigarette smoke inhalation, the animals were kept in a chamber filled with tobacco smoke for 8 min thrice a day for 50 days. AP was induced 20 days after inhalation initiation by exposing their coronary pulp to their oral environment for 30 days. After animals were euthanized, their right hemimaxillae were removed for histopathological, semi-quantitative and immunohistochemical (F4/80, CD206 and iNOS) analyses. RESULTS Quantitative data showed a moderate number of inflammatory infiltrates in AP and an intense number in APS (p < .05). Comparing F4/80+ cells showed no statistically significant differences among groups, but we found more CD206+ cells in AP than in C and S (p > .05). INOS+ immunostaining showed a significant increase in AP and APS, when compared with C and S (p < .05). APS had more iNOS+ cells than AP (p < .05). CONCLUSION Cigarette smoke inhalation worsened AP, leading to a predominantly pro- inflammatory profile in our experimental model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Claudia Rodrigues da Silva
- Departamento de Odontologia Preventiva e Restauradora, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Veiga Vasques
- Departamento de Odontologia Preventiva e Restauradora, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Emerenciano Bueno
- Departamento de Odontologia Preventiva e Restauradora, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Edilson Ervolino
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciano Tavares Ângelo Cintra
- Departamento de Odontologia Preventiva e Restauradora, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Claudia Cristina Biguetti
- Regenerative Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery and Biomechanics, School of Podiatric Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Harlingen, Texas, USA
| | - Mariza Akemi Matsumoto
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eloi Dezan-Junior
- Departamento de Odontologia Preventiva e Restauradora, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tomic U, Nikolic N, Carkic J, Mihailovic D, Jelovac D, Milasin J, Pucar A. Streptococcus mitis and Prevotella melaninogenica Influence Gene Expression Changes in Oral Mucosal Lesions in Periodontitis Patients. Pathogens 2023; 12:1194. [PMID: 37887710 PMCID: PMC10610332 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12101194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral microbiome disruptions in periodontitis are related to the chronic inflammatory reactions that could in turn lead to the development of multiple oral diseases. The objective of the study was to assess the frequencies of Streptococcus mitis, Prevotella melaninogenica, and Prevotella intermedia in oral benign lesions, oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), and oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) and investigate the impact of these bacteria on the expression patterns of the selected (potential) target genes (PI3CA/AKT2/mTOR, DUSP16/MAPK14, and COX2). After sample collection (25 benign lesions, 30 OPMDs, and 35 OSCCs) and DNA/RNA extraction, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed to detect bacterial presence and assess relative gene expression levels in different lesion groups. Prevotella melaninogenica was the most prevalent of the three analyzed bacteria, with the frequency being 60% in benign lesions, 87% in OPMDs (p = 0.024), and 77% in OSCC. The OPMD tissues in which Prevotella melaninogenica was present exhibited a higher expression level of AKT2 (p = 0.042). Significantly lower expression of DUSP16 was observed in OSCC tissues containing Streptococcus mitis (p = 0.011). The obtained results indicate a substantial contribution of P. melaninogenica and Str. mitis in the pathogenesis of oral mucosal lesions, possibly via AKT2 upregulation and DUSP16 downregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uros Tomic
- Clinic for Periodontology and Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Nadja Nikolic
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.C.); (J.M.)
| | - Jelena Carkic
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.C.); (J.M.)
| | - Djordje Mihailovic
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences Pristina, University of Pristina, 38220 Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia;
| | - Drago Jelovac
- Clinic for Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Jelena Milasin
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.C.); (J.M.)
| | - Ana Pucar
- Clinic for Periodontology and Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sobieszczański J, Mertowski S, Sarna-Boś K, Stachurski P, Grywalska E, Chałas R. Root Canal Infection and Its Impact on the Oral Cavity Microenvironment in the Context of Immune System Disorders in Selected Diseases: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4102. [PMID: 37373794 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12124102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity has a specific microenvironment, and structures such as teeth are constantly exposed to chemical and biological factors. Although the structure of the teeth is permanent, due to exposure of the pulp and root canal system, trauma can have severe consequences and cause the development of local inflammation caused by external and opportunistic pathogens. Long-term inflammation can affect not only the local pulp and periodontal tissues but also the functioning of the immune system, which can trigger a systemic reaction. This literature review presents the current knowledge on root canal infections and their impact on the oral microenvironment in the context of immune system disorders in selected diseases. The result of the analysis of the literature is the statement that periodontal-disease-caused inflammation in the oral cavity may affect the development and progression of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, or Sjogren's syndrome, as well as affecting the faster progression of conditions in which inflammation occurs such as, among others, chronic kidney disease or inflammatory bowel disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Sobieszczański
- Preclinical Dentistry Lab, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 6 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Sebastian Mertowski
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Sarna-Boś
- Department of Dental Prosthetics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 6 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Stachurski
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewelina Grywalska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Renata Chałas
- Department of Oral Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 6 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Einhaus J, Han X, Feyaerts D, Sunwoo J, Gaudilliere B, Ahmad SH, Aghaeepour N, Bruckman K, Ojcius D, Schürch CM, Gaudilliere DK. Towards multiomic analysis of oral mucosal pathologies. Semin Immunopathol 2023; 45:111-123. [PMID: 36790488 PMCID: PMC9974703 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-022-00982-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Oral mucosal pathologies comprise an array of diseases with worldwide prevalence and medical relevance. Affecting a confined space with crucial physiological and social functions, oral pathologies can be mutilating and drastically reduce quality of life. Despite their relevance, treatment for these diseases is often far from curative and remains vastly understudied. While multiple factors are involved in the pathogenesis of oral mucosal pathologies, the host's immune system plays a major role in the development, maintenance, and resolution of these diseases. Consequently, a precise understanding of immunological mechanisms implicated in oral mucosal pathologies is critical (1) to identify accurate, mechanistic biomarkers of clinical outcomes; (2) to develop targeted immunotherapeutic strategies; and (3) to individualize prevention and treatment approaches. Here, we review key elements of the immune system's role in oral mucosal pathologies that hold promise to overcome limitations in current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. We emphasize recent and ongoing multiomic and single-cell approaches that enable an integrative view of these pathophysiological processes and thereby provide unifying and clinically relevant biological signatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Einhaus
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Xiaoyuan Han
- Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dorien Feyaerts
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - John Sunwoo
- Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Brice Gaudilliere
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Somayeh H Ahmad
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 770 Welch Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Nima Aghaeepour
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative & Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Karl Bruckman
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 770 Welch Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - David Ojcius
- Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christian M Schürch
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dyani K Gaudilliere
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 770 Welch Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yuan W, Wu Y, Huang M, Zhou X, Liu J, Yi Y, Wang J, Liu J. A new frontier in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis treatment: Exosome-based therapeutic strategy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1074536. [PMID: 36507254 PMCID: PMC9732036 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1074536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a debilitating degenerative disease with high incidence, deteriorating quality of patient life. Currently, due to ambiguous etiology, the traditional clinical strategies of TMJOA emphasize on symptomatic treatments such as pain relief and inflammation alleviation, which are unable to halt or reverse the destruction of cartilage or subchondral bone. A number of studies have suggested the potential application prospect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based therapy in TMJOA and other cartilage injury. Worthy of note, exosomes are increasingly being considered the principal efficacious agent of MSC secretions for TMJOA management. The extensive study of exosomes (derived from MSCs, synoviocytes, chondrocytes or adipose tissue et al.) on arthritis recently, has indicated exosomes and their specific miRNA components to be potential therapeutic agents for TMJOA. In this review, we aim to systematically summarize therapeutic properties and underlying mechanisms of MSCs and exosomes from different sources in TMJOA, also analyze and discuss the approaches to optimization, challenges, and prospects of exosome-based therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiu Yuan
- Lab for Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yange Wu
- Lab for Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Maotuan Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Fujian Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xueman Zhou
- Lab for Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Lab for Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yating Yi
- Lab for Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Jin Liu, ; Jun Wang,
| | - Jin Liu
- Lab for Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Jin Liu, ; Jun Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yin L, Li X, Hou J. Macrophages in periodontitis: A dynamic shift between tissue destruction and repair. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2022; 58:336-347. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
7
|
Sansores-España LD, Melgar-Rodríguez S, Vernal R, Carrillo-Ávila BA, Martínez-Aguilar VM, Díaz-Zúñiga J. Neutrophil N1 and N2 Subsets and Their Possible Association with Periodontitis: A Scoping Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012068. [PMID: 36292925 PMCID: PMC9603394 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic non-communicable disease caused by dysbiotic changes that affect the subgingival microbiota. During periodontitis, neutrophils play a central role in the initial recognition of bacteria, and their number increases with the appearance of the first signs of periodontal inflammation. Recent evidence has led to the proposition that neutrophils can also functionally polarize, determining selective activity patterns related to different diseases. Two well-defined neutrophil phenotypes have been described, the pro-inflammatory N1 subset and the suppressor N2 subset. To date, it has not been established whether these different neutrophil subtypes play a role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Thus, this scoping review aimed to determine whether there was evidence to suggest that the neutrophils present in periodontal tissues can be associated with certain phenotypes. The research question, population, concept, and context sought to identify original articles, in humans, that detected the presence of neutrophils in the periodontal tissues of people affected by periodontitis. Based on the search strategy, we found 3658 studies. After removing the papers with abstracts not related to the outcome measures and eligibility criteria, 16 articles were included for qualitative analysis. Several studies identified the presence of different neutrophil subsets, specifically, the naive, pro- and para-inflammatory, hyper-reactive and hyper-active, and high- and low-responder phenotypes. The existing evidence demonstrates the presence of pro-inflammatory, hyper-reactive and high-responder neutrophils in periodontal tissues affected with periodontitis. There is no evidence demonstrating the presence of the N1 or N2 phenotypes in periodontal tissues during periodontitis. However, the existence of pro-inflammatory phenotypes, which increase NETosis and degranulation, and increase the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, could be suggestive of the N1 phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Daniel Sansores-España
- Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Yucatán, Merida 97000, Mexico
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Samanta Melgar-Rodríguez
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Rolando Vernal
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | | | | | - Jaime Díaz-Zúñiga
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Atacama, Copiapo 7500015, Chile
- Correspondence: or
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pouly S, Ng WT, Blanc N, Hession P, Zanetti F, Battey JND, de La Bourdonnaye G, Heremans A, Haziza C. Effect of switching from cigarette smoking to the use of the tobacco heating system on periodontitis treatment outcome: Periodontal parameter results from a multicenter Japanese study. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2022.915079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesWe conducted a 6-month randomized clinical study to evaluate the impact of exposure to the aerosol of the Tobacco Heating System (THS), a smoke-free alternative to cigarettes, on changes in periodontal parameters after scaling and root planing (SRP) for periodontitis in subjects who were either continuing to smoke cigarettes or had switched to THS.Material and methodsSmokers with generalized periodontitis were randomized to continue smoking cigarettes or switch to THS use. They underwent SRP for up to 8 weeks, with dental assessments conducted at baseline and at 3 and 6 months after the first treatment.ResultsAfter SRP treatment, all groups showed improvements in the mean full-mouth probing depth (PD), full-mouth clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival inflammation score, plaque control record (PCR), and bleeding on probing (BoP). There were no statistically significant intergroup differences. However, as compared to smokers, THS users showed a trend toward more favorable outcomes in BoP, PCR, and PD improvement at sites with higher initial PD (≥7 mm).ConclusionsOur results indicate that SRP improves the course of periodontitis similarly in cigarette smokers and THS users. The beneficial effects of this treatment might mask the favorable changes that may occur upon modifying one of the several periodontitis risk factors, such as cigarette smoking.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifer: NCT03364751.
Collapse
|
9
|
Polarization Profiles of T Lymphocytes and Macrophages Responses in Periodontitis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1373:195-208. [PMID: 35612799 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-96881-6_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a multifactorial, chronic inflammatory disease affecting the supporting structures of teeth triggered by the complex interactions between a dysbiotic bacterial biofilm and the host's immune response that results in the characteristic loss of periodontal attachment and alveolar bone. The differential phenotypic presentations of periodontitis emerge from inter-individual differences in immune response regulatory mechanisms. The monocyte-macrophage system has a crucial role in innate immunity and the initiation of the T and B lymphocyte adaptive immune responses. Macrophages involve a heterogeneous cell population that shows wide plasticity and differentiation dynamics. In response to the inflammatory milieu, they can skew at the time of TLR ligation to predominant M1 -pro-inflammatory- or M2 -anti-inflammatory/healing- functional phenotypes. The perpetuation of inflammation by M1 macrophages leads to the recruitment of the adaptive immune response, promoting Th1, Th17, and Th22 differentiation, which are directly associated with periodontal breakdown. In contrast, M2 macrophages induce Th2 and Treg responses which are associated with periodontal homeostasis. In this article, we review the recent advances comprising the role of macrophages and lymphocyte polarization profiles and their reprogramming as potential therapeutic strategies. For this purpose, we reviewed the available literature targeting periodontitis, macrophage, and lymphocyte subpopulations with an emphasis in the later 5 years. The active reprogramming of macrophages and lymphocytes polarization crosstalk opens a promising area for therapeutic development.
Collapse
|
10
|
Liao Z, Zhao T, Wang N, Chen J, Sun W, Wu J. Transcriptome Analysis of Monocytes and Fibroblasts Provides Insights Into the Molecular Features of Periodontal Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome. Front Genet 2022; 13:834928. [PMID: 35571048 PMCID: PMC9095904 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.834928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (pEDS) is a rare hereditary disorder characterized by severe early-onset periodontitis with premature tooth loss, pretibial hyperpigmentation, and skin fragility. It is caused by mutant variants in the C1R and C1S genes that result in C4 cleavage and local complement cascade activation, as well as other possible consequences. However, the exact functional consequences of this activation remain unclear. To shed light on molecular mechanisms underlying pEDS and to identify novel molecular targets that may expand treatment strategies, we performed transcriptome profiling by RNA sequencing of monocytes and gingival fibroblasts from two patients with pEDS. Compared to normal controls, differential expression of genes was found only in monocytes but not gingival fibroblasts. Most of the significant genes were enriched in biological processes such as neutrophil-mediated immunity, response to bacterium, TNF-α and IL-17 pathway which are related to inflammation response and immune response. In disease ontology enrichment analysis, genes related to periodontal host defense, inflammatory response, skin disease, and vascular development, including MMP9, VEGFA, IL10, IL1A, IL1B, IL2RA, and IL6, were significantly enriched and also validated by qPCR and ELISA. Overall, the present study provides the transcriptomic data of pEDS for the first time and the distinct molecular features in monocytes of pEDS might serve as a tool to better understand the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyi Liao
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian Zhao
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ningxiang Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Stomatology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weibin Sun
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Wu
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hormonal Fluctuations and Periodontal Status in Postmenopausal Women. Int J Dent 2022; 2022:9990451. [PMID: 35585960 PMCID: PMC9110255 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9990451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. While the short-term effects of hormonal events on gingival inflammation have been well described, their long-term effects on the periodontium have received less attention. Our investigation was aimed at evaluating the correlation between hormonal fluctuations and periodontal status in postmenopausal women from the profile of the Rafsanjan Cohort Study. Material and Methods. We used the data obtained from the profile of the Rafsanjan Cohort Study (RCS) as a part of the prospective epidemiological research studies in Iran (PERSIAN). The RCS includes 10,000 participants aged 35–70 years old. Among this population, the periodontal status data of 4143 women were available. Of these 4,143, the postmenopausal women were included in the study, and those who had a history of gingival treatment during the past 6 months were excluded from the study. Finally, 928 postmenopausal women were included in the present study. Periodontal status was assessed by measuring the clinical attachment loss, pocket depth, and bleeding on probing (BOP). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were applied using three different models. Results. The results showed that 53.2% of postmenopausal women had periodontitis. There were significant differences between the participants with and without periodontitis in brushing frequency and educational status
. After adjusting for all potential confounders, no correlation was found between hormonal fluctuations and periodontal status. Conclusion. There was no correlation between hormonal fluctuations and periodontal status.
Collapse
|
12
|
Wilharm A, Binz C, Sandrock I, Rampoldi F, Lienenklaus S, Blank E, Winkel A, Demera A, Hovav AH, Stiesch M, Prinz I. Interleukin-17 is disease promoting in early stages and protective in late stages of experimental periodontitis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265486. [PMID: 35298525 PMCID: PMC8929577 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is one of the most common infectious diseases in humans. It is characterized by a chronic inflammation of the tooth-supporting tissue that results in bone loss. However, the role and source of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-17 (IL-17) and of the cells producing it locally in the gingiva is still controversial. Th17 αβ T cells, CD4+ exFoxP3+ αβ T cells, or IL-17-producing γδ T cells (γδ17 cells) seem to be decisive cellular players in periodontal inflammation. To address these issues in an experimental model for periodontitis, we employed genetic mouse models deficient for either γδ T cells or IL-17 cytokines and assessed the bone loss during experimental periodontal inflammation by stereomicroscopic, histological, and μCT-analysis. Furthermore, we performed flow-cytometric analyses and qPCR-analyses of the gingival tissue. We found no γδ T cell- or IL-17-dependent change in bone loss after four weeks of periodontitis. Apart from that, our data are complementary with earlier studies, which suggested IL-17-dependent aggravation of bone loss in early periodontitis, but a rather bone-protective role for IL-17 in late stages of experimental periodontitis with respect to the osteoclastogenicity defined by the RANKL/OPG ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anneke Wilharm
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Binz
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Inga Sandrock
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Lienenklaus
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Eva Blank
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Winkel
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover, Germany
| | - Abdi Demera
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Avi-Hai Hovav
- Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Meike Stiesch
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover, Germany
| | - Immo Prinz
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Systems Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cheng X, Shi J, Jia Z, Ha P, Soo C, Ting K, James AW, Shi B, Zhang X. NELL-1 in Genome-Wide Association Studies across Human Diseases. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:395-405. [PMID: 34890556 PMCID: PMC8895422 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neural epidermal growth factor-like (EGFL)-like protein (NELL)-1 is a potent and key osteogenic factor in the development and regeneration of skeletal tissues. Intriguingly, accumulative data from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have started unveiling potential broader roles of NELL-1 beyond its functions in bone and cartilage. With exploration of the genetic variants of the entire genome in large-scale disease cohorts, GWASs have been used for establishing the connection between specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms of NELL1, in addition to osteoporosis, metabolic diseases, inflammatory conditions, neuropsychiatric diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and malignant tumors. This review summarizes the findings from GWASs on the manifestation, significance level, implications on function, and correlation of specific NELL1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in various disorders in humans. By offering a unique and comprehensive correlation between genetic variants and plausible functions of NELL1 in GWASs, this review illustrates the wide range of potential effects of a single gene on the pathogenesis of multiple disorders in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, and the Department of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Section of Orthodontics, Division of Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jiayu Shi
- Section of Orthodontics, Division of Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Zhonglin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, and the Department of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pin Ha
- Section of Orthodontics, Division of Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Chia Soo
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kang Ting
- Forsyth Institute, affiliate of the Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Aaron W. James
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Bing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, and the Department of Cleft Lip and Palate, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xinli Zhang
- Section of Orthodontics, Division of Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Natural Killer T (NKT) Cells and Periodontitis: Potential Regulatory Role of NKT10 Cells. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:5573937. [PMID: 34594157 PMCID: PMC8478603 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5573937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer T (NKT) cells constitute a unique subset of T lymphocytes characterized by specifically interacting with antigenic glycolipids conjugated to the CD1d receptor on antigen-presenting cells. Functionally, NKT cells are capable of performing either effector or suppressor immune responses, depending on their production of proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory cytokines, respectively. Effector NKT cells are subdivided into three subsets, termed NKT1, NKT2, and NKT17, based on the cytokines they produce and their similarity to the cytokine profile produced by Th1, Th2, and Th17 lymphocytes, respectively. Recently, a new subgroup of NKT cells termed NKT10 has been described, which cooperates and interacts with other immune cells to promote immunoregulatory responses. Although the tissue-specific functions of NKT cells have not been fully elucidated, their activity has been associated with the pathogenesis of different inflammatory diseases with immunopathogenic similarities to periodontitis, including osteolytic pathologies such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis. In the present review, we revise and discuss the pathogenic characteristics of NKT cells in these diseases and their role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis; particularly, we analyze the potential regulatory role of the IL-10-producing NKT10 cells.
Collapse
|
15
|
Ikbariyeh B, Al Habashneh R, Khassawneh B, Alrawashdeh M, Elsalim L, Al-Nusair J. Clinical and Biological Indicators of Periodontal Disease in Obese and non-Obese adults with and without Bronchial Asthma. J Asthma 2021; 59:1758-1766. [PMID: 34324826 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2021.1962907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The present study aims to assess clinical and inflammatory parameters as indicators for periodontal disease in obese and non-obese adults with and without bronchial asthma (BA).Methods: 168 patients visiting the outpatient pulmonary clinics were divided into four groups according to BA and obesity. Obesity was defined by body mass index (BMI) and BA was diagnosed by a pulmonary consultant and being on inhaled asthma medication for at least 12 months. Participants were examined for clinical periodontal parameters and samples of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were taken and analyzed for the levels of 5 different inflammatory cytokines.Results: Compared with controls, obese asthmatic group had significant higher mean clinical attachment loss (CAL) (2.64 vs. 1.00, p<.001). Also, the occurrence of periodontitis was significantly higher among obese patients compared to non-obese patients (p = 0.003). Multivariate logistic regression model showed that age was the strongest predictor of periodontitis (aOR =1.23). The levels of IL-1β and IL-8 were significantly higher in the non-obese asthmatic group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The level of IL-6 was significantly lower in the control group compared to the other groups (p < 0.001). Obese patients had significantly higher concentration of hsCRP compared to non-obese patients (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the level of TNF- α between groups.Conclusions: BA and obesity combined did not seem to be associated with a significant increased risk of having periodontitis. BA and obesity are associated with increased levels of some local proinflammatory cytokines which adds to the local and systemic inflammatory burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bader Ikbariyeh
- Faculty of Dentistry, Preventive Dentistry, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Rola Al Habashneh
- Faculty of Dentistry, Preventive Dentistry, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Basheer Khassawneh
- Faculty of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Alrawashdeh
- Faculty of Nursing, Community and Mental Health Nursing, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Lina Elsalim
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Jowan Al-Nusair
- Medical Student, College of Medicine, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Christopher JR, Ponnaiyan D, Parthasarathy H, Tadepalli A. Association of CST3 Gene with Its Protein: Cystatin C in Health and Severe Periodontal Disease. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2021; 25:405-410. [PMID: 34037438 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2021.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cystatin C (CSTC), a cysteine protease inhibitor, is found to be elevated in periodontal disease in an attempt to counterbalance the proteolytic enzymes and increased osteoclastic activity. Evidence on CSTC levels in periodontal health and disease has reported contradicting results, making its role as a biomarker in periodontal pathogenesis inconclusive. Aim: To evaluate CST3 gene expression and correlate it with CSTC levels in periodontal health and severe periodontal disease. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 patients with 25 in each group (Group I-periodontally healthy, Group II-Stage III/IV periodontitis) were recruited. Clinical parameters were assessed following which gingival crevicular fluid and gingival tissue samples were collected from tooth deemed for extraction. CSTC protein level and CST3 gene expression were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Results: Elevated concentrations of CSTC protein and CST3 gene expression were observed in Group II in comparison with Group I, which was considered statistically significant (p < 0.001). Further, a highly significant (p < 0.001) positive correlation was witnessed between CSTC protein and CST3 gene in both groups. In addition, the overall correlation between CSTC protein, CST3 gene, and clinical parameters was positive and highly significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion: CSTC protein levels and CST3 gene expression were significantly higher in periodontal disease compared with health, and there was a positive correlation between the gene and protein levels. Therefore, it can be concluded that CST3 gene can be used as a reliable indicator of periodontal disease pathogenesis. Clinical Trial Registration number: CTRI/2020/03/023926.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepa Ponnaiyan
- Department of Periodontics, SRM Dental College, Chennai, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lenartova M, Tesinska B, Janatova T, Hrebicek O, Mysak J, Janata J, Najmanova L. The Oral Microbiome in Periodontal Health. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:629723. [PMID: 33828997 PMCID: PMC8019927 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.629723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The estimation of oral microbiome (OM) taxonomic composition in periodontally healthy individuals can often be biased because the clinically periodontally healthy subjects for evaluation can already experience dysbiosis. Usually, they are included just based on the absence of clinical signs of periodontitis. Additionally, the age of subjects is used to be higher to correspond well with tested groups of patients with chronic periodontitis, a disorder typically associated with aging. However, the dysbiosis of the OM precedes the clinical signs of the disease by many months or even years. The absence of periodontal pockets thus does not necessarily mean also good periodontal health and the obtained image of "healthy OM" can be distorted.To overcome this bias, we taxonomically characterized the OM in almost a hundred young students of dentistry with precise oral hygiene and no signs of periodontal disease. We compared the results with the OM composition of older periodontally healthy individuals and also a group of patients with severe periodontitis (aggressive periodontitis according to former classification system). The clustering analysis revealed not only two compact clearly separated clusters corresponding to each state of health, but also a group of samples forming an overlap between both well-pronounced states. Additionally, in the cluster of periodontally healthy samples, few outliers with atypical OM and two major stomatotypes could be distinguished, differing in the prevalence and relative abundance of two main bacterial genera: Streptococcus and Veillonella. We hypothesize that the two stomatotypes could represent the microbial succession from periodontal health to starting dysbiosis. The old and young periodontally healthy subjects do not cluster separately but a trend of the OM in older subjects to periodontitis is visible. Several bacterial genera were identified to be typically more abundant in older periodontally healthy subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Lenartova
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Barbora Tesinska
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Tatjana Janatova
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.,Institute of Dental Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ondrej Hrebicek
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jaroslav Mysak
- Institute of Dental Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jiri Janata
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia.,Institute of Microbiology v. v. i., BIOCEV, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Lucie Najmanova
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia.,Institute of Microbiology v. v. i., BIOCEV, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vestec, Czechia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Conte A, Ghiraldini B, Denófrio PHF, Ribeiro FV, Pimentel SP, Casati MZ, Corrêa MG, Cirano FR. Could implant position influence the peri-implant parameters in edentulous mandibles of diabetics rehabilitated with overdentures? A split-mouth randomized study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021:S0901-5027(21)00088-6. [PMID: 33715937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This randomized controlled trial assessed the impact of crestal level position of implants installed in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients rehabilitated with overdentures. Twenty-two mandibular edentulous T2DM patients were submitted to implant placement for retention of an overdenture. By means of a split-mouth design, two implants were installed: one at supracrestal level (SL) and one at crestal level (CL). Clinical, immunoenzymatic and tomographic analyses were performed at prosthesis placement (baseline) and after 6, 12 and 24 months following implant loading. Increased peri-implant probing depths were detected in CL implants when compared with SL implants at all time-points (baseline P=0.047; 6 months P=0.014; 12 months P=0.027; 24 months P=0.036). Indeed, augmented clinical attachment levels were also detected in CL implants when compared with SL implants at all time-points (baseline P=003; 6 months P=0.045; 12 months P=0.029; 24 months P=0.026). CL implants demonstrated increased amounts of interleukin-6 (IL-6) at 6 months (P=0.043) and higher IL-17 (P=0.021), IL-21 (P=0.034) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) concentrations (P=0.030) at 24 months in comparison with SL implants. CL group revealed enhanced bone loss from baseline to 6 (P=0.032), 12 (P=0.043) and 24 months (P=0.028) when compared with SL. In conclusion, this study showed that implants placed supracrestally in T2DM patients rehabilitated with overdentures demonstrated lower bone loss and better clinical parameters with beneficial modulation of peri-implant immunoinflammatory biomarkers when compared with implants positioned at crestal level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Conte
- Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Paulista University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - B Ghiraldini
- Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Paulista University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P H F Denófrio
- Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Paulista University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F V Ribeiro
- Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Paulista University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S P Pimentel
- Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Paulista University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M Z Casati
- Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Paulista University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M G Corrêa
- Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Paulista University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F R Cirano
- Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Paulista University, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rakic M, Pejcic N, Perunovic N, Vojvodic D. A Roadmap towards Precision Periodontics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57030233. [PMID: 33802358 PMCID: PMC7999128 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57030233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is among the most common health conditions and represents a major public health issue related to increasing prevalence and seriously negative socioeconomic impacts. Periodontitis-associated low-grade systemic inflammation and its pathological interplay with systemic conditions additionally raises awareness on the necessity for highly performant strategies for the prevention and management of periodontitis. Periodontal diagnosis is the backbone of a successful periodontal strategy, since prevention and treatment plans depend on the accuracy and precision of the respective diagnostics. Periodontal diagnostics is still founded on clinical and radiological parameters that provide limited therapeutic guidance due to the multifactorial complexity of periodontal pathology, which is why biomarkers have been introduced for the first time in the new classification of periodontal and peri-implant conditions as a first step towards precision periodontics. Since the driving forces of precision medicine are represented by biomarkers and machine learning algorithms, with the lack of periodontal markers validated for diagnostic use, the implementation of a precision medicine approach in periodontology remains in the very initial stage. This narrative review elaborates the unmet diagnostic needs in periodontal diagnostics, the concept of precision periodontics, periodontal biomarkers, and a roadmap toward the implementation of a precision medicine approach in periodontal practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mia Rakic
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Pza. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Natasa Pejcic
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Neda Perunovic
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Dr Subotica 8, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Danilo Vojvodic
- Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, University of Defense, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Levels of low-molecular-weight hyaluronan in periodontitis-treated patients and its immunostimulatory effects on CD4 + T lymphocytes. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:4987-5000. [PMID: 33544199 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-03808-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES During periodontitis, chronic inflammation triggers soft tissue breakdown, and hyaluronan is degraded into fragments of low molecular weight (LMW-HA). This investigation aimed to elucidate whether LMW-HA fragments with immunogenic potential on T lymphocytes remain in periodontal tissues after periodontal treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS GCF samples were obtained from 15 periodontitis-affected patients and the LMW-HA, RANKL, and OPG levels were analyzed before and after 6 months of periodontal treatment by ELISA. Eight healthy individuals were analyzed as controls. Besides, human T lymphocytes were purified, exposed to infected dendritic cells, and pulsed with LMW-HA. Non-treated T lymphocytes were used as control. The expression levels of the transcription factors and cytokines that determine the Th1, Th17, and Th22 lymphocyte differentiation and function were analyzed by RT-qPCR. Similarly, the expression levels of RANKL and CD44 were analyzed. RESULTS In the GCF samples of periodontitis-affected patients, higher levels of LMW-HA were detected when compared with those of healthy individuals (52.1 ± 15.4 vs. 21.4 ± 12.2, p < 0.001), and these increased levels did not decrease after periodontal therapy (52.1 ± 15.4 vs. 45.7 ± 15.9, p = 0.158). Similarly, the RANKL levels and RANKL/OPG ratios did not change after periodontal therapy. Furthermore, in human T lymphocytes, LMW-HA induced higher expression levels of the Th1, Th17, and Th22-related transcription factors and cytokines, as well as CD44 and RANKL, as compared with non-treated cells. CONCLUSIONS In some patients, increased levels of LMW-HA persist in periodontal tissues after conventional periodontal therapy, and these remaining LMW-HA fragments with immunostimulatory potential could induce the polarization of a pathologic Th1/Th17/Th22-pattern of immune response on T lymphocytes. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The persistence of increased levels of LMW-HA in periodontal tissues after periodontal therapy could favor the recurrence of the disease and further breakdown of periodontal supporting tissues.
Collapse
|
21
|
Amin M, Tang S, Shalamanova L, Taylor RL, Wylie S, Abdullah BM, Whitehead KA. Polyamine biomarkers as indicators of human disease. Biomarkers 2021; 26:77-94. [PMID: 33439737 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2021.1875506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The significant increase of periodontitis, chronic kidney disease (CKD), Alzheimer's disease and cancer can be attributed to an ageing population. Each disease produces a range of biomarkers that can be indicative of disease onset and progression. Biomarkers are defined as cellular (intra/extracellular components and whole cells), biochemical (metabolites, ions and toxins) or molecular (nucleic acids, proteins and lipids) alterations which are measurable in biological media such as human tissues, cells or fluids. An interesting group of biomarkers that merit further investigation are the polyamines. Polyamines are a group of molecules consisting of cadaverine, putrescine, spermine and spermidine and have been implicated in the development of a range of systemic diseases, in part due to their production in periodontitis. Cadaverine and putrescine within the periodontal environment have demonstrated cell signalling interfering abilities, by way of leukocyte migration disruption. The polyamines spermine and spermidine in tumour cells have been shown to inhibit cellular apoptosis, effectively prolonging tumorigenesis and continuation of cancer within the host. Polyamine degradation products such as acrolein have been shown to exacerbate renal damage in CKD patients. Thus, the use of such molecules has merit to be utilized in the early indication of such diseases in patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin Amin
- Microbiology at Interfaces, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.,Department of Engineering and Technology, Built Environment, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Shiying Tang
- Microbiology at Interfaces, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.,Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Liliana Shalamanova
- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Rebecca L Taylor
- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Stephen Wylie
- Department of Engineering and Technology, Civil Engineering, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Badr M Abdullah
- Department of Engineering and Technology, Built Environment, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Kathryn A Whitehead
- Microbiology at Interfaces, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.,Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dai L, Qiao J, Yin J, Goldstein A, Lin HY, Post SR, Qin Z. Kaposi Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus and Staphylococcus aureus Coinfection in Oral Cavities of HIV-Positive Patients: A Unique Niche for Oncogenic Virus Lytic Reactivation. J Infect Dis 2021; 221:1331-1341. [PMID: 31111897 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Collectively, viruses are the principal cause of cancers arising in patients with immune dysfunction, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients. Kaposi sarcoma (KS) etiologically linked to Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) continues to be the most common AIDS-associated tumor. The involvement of the oral cavity represents one of the most common clinical manifestations of this tumor. HIV infection incurs an increased risk among individuals with periodontal diseases and oral carriage of a variety of pathogenic bacteria. However, whether interactions involving periodontal bacteria and oncogenic viruses in the local environment facilitate replication or maintenance of these viruses in the oral cavity of HIV-positive patients remain largely unknown. We previously showed that pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) from specific periodontal bacteria promoted KSHV entry into oral cells and subsequent establishment of latency. In the current study, we demonstrate that Staphylococcus aureus, one of common pathogens causing infection in HIV-positive patients, and its PAMPs can effectively induce KSHV lytic reactivation from infected oral cells, through the Toll-like receptor reactive oxygen species and cyclin D1-Dicer-viral microRNA axis. This investigation provides further clinical evidence about the relevance of coinfection due to these 2 pathogens in the oral cavities of a cohort HIV-positive patients and reveals novel mechanisms through which these coinfecting pathogens potentially promote virus-associated cancer development in the unique niche of immunocompromised patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Dai
- Department of Pathology, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock
| | - Jing Qiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai China
| | - Alana Goldstein
- Departments of Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, New Orleans
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- Biostatistics Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans
| | - Steven R Post
- Department of Pathology, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock
| | - Zhiqiang Qin
- Department of Pathology, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Núñez-Acurio D, Bravo D, Aguayo F. Epstein-Barr Virus-Oral Bacterial Link in the Development of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9121059. [PMID: 33352891 PMCID: PMC7765927 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9121059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of oral cancer. Its development has been associated with diverse factors such as tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption. In addition, it has been suggested that microorganisms are risk factors for oral carcinogenesis. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), which establishes lifelong persistent infections and is intermittently shed in the saliva, has been associated with several lymphomas and carcinomas that arise in the oral cavity. In particular, it has been detected in a subset of OSCCs. Moreover, its presence in patients with periodontitis has also been described. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is an oral bacterium in the development of periodontal diseases. As a keystone pathogen of periodontitis, P. gingivalis is known not only to damage local periodontal tissues but also to evade the host immune system and eventually affect systemic health. Persistent exposure to P. gingivalis promotes tumorigenic properties of oral epithelial cells, suggesting that chronic P. gingivalis infection is a potential risk factor for OSCC. Given that the oral cavity serves as the main site where EBV and P. gingivalis are harbored, and because of their oncogenic potential, we review here the current information about the participation of these microorganisms in oral carcinogenesis, describe the mechanisms by which EBV and P. gingivalis independently or synergistically can collaborate, and propose a model of interaction between both microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Núñez-Acurio
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile;
- Laboratory of Oncovirology, Virology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
| | - Denisse Bravo
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile;
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Francisco Aguayo
- Laboratory of Oncovirology, Virology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
- Correspondence: (D.B.); (F.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Vadiati Saberi B, Yousefi F, Yousefi T, Qujeq D. Assessment of mucin and alpha-amylase levels in gingival crevicular fluid of chronic periodontitis patients. Oral Dis 2020; 28:210-215. [PMID: 33258207 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic periodontitis is the most common form of periodontitis. Several immune and inflammatory factors responsible for periodontal destruction have been found in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). The current study was conducted to determine the correlation between mucin and alpha-amylase protein values in GCF with chronic periodontitis. METHOD Forty-five patients with moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis were selected. Samples of GCF were taken from a specific part of a single root tooth and placed in a closed test tube containing phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (pH = 7). Sampling was done again after one month. Pre- and post-treatment samples were analyzed for measuring the levels of mucin and alpha-amylase proteins. RESULTS Paired t test results for these two variables showed that the difference between mucin and alpha-amylase levels before and after treatment is significant. CONCLUSION The level of both mucin and alpha-amylase in GCF in patients with chronic periodontitis was higher than that of patients who have recovered successfully; and evaluating the values of these two markers could be used to determine the activity of the periodontal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Farouq Yousefi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Tooba Yousefi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center (CMBRC), Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Durdi Qujeq
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center (CMBRC), Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Effect of Subantimicrobial Dose Doxycycline Treatment on Gingival Crevicular Fluid Levels of MMP-9 and MMP-13 in Periodontitis Stage 2, Grade B in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:2807259. [PMID: 33294463 PMCID: PMC7700048 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2807259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of using subantimicrobial dose doxycycline as an adjunct in periodontitis stage 2, grade B in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A total of thirty patients were divided into the following two groups with reference to periodontitis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and administration of the doxycycline drug: Group I: patients with periodontitis stage 2, grade B and type 2 diabetes mellitus who received SRP only. Group II: patients with periodontitis stage 2, grade B and type 2 diabetes mellitus who received SRP and doxycycline 20 mg. The following clinical measurements were recorded at baseline (prior to scaling and root planning) and after one and three months postoperatively: GI, PI, and PD with a periodontal calibrated probe. The levels of both MMP-9 and MMP-13, from 60 GCF samples, were analyzed by ELISA. Patients treated with SRP and doxycycline 20 mg showed a significant reduction of PD, PI, GI, MMP-9, and MMP-13 than patients who received SRP only. Improvements in parameters clinically and biochemically were observed following the adjunctive use of doxycycline subantimicrobial dose therapy for the management of stage 2, grade B periodontitis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhang X, Wang Q, Yan X, Shan Y, Xing L, Li M, Long H, Lai W. Immune landscape of periodontitis unveils alterations of infiltrating immunocytes and molecular networks-aggregating into an interactive web-tool for periodontitis related immune analysis and visualization. J Transl Med 2020; 18:438. [PMID: 33208145 PMCID: PMC7672958 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02616-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Immunity reaction plays an essential role in periodontitis progress and we aim to investigate the underlying regulatory network of immune reactions in periodontitis. Methods CIBERSORT was used to estimate immunocyte fractions in different clinical statuses. Logistic regression was used to assess the immunocyte weight in periodontitis. Immune-related periodontitis subtypes were identified by the Nonnegative Matrix Factorization algorithm. Gene-set enrichment analysis and Gene-set variation analysis were conducted to analyze pathway activities. Immunocytes related gene modules were identified by Weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Results Altered immunocytes in healthy versus periodontitis, aggressive versus chronic, male versus female and age were identified. Immunocytes enriched in periodontitis were calculated, and their correlation was also explored. Two distinct immune-related periodontitis subtypes were identified and one is characterized by B cell reactions and the other is IL-6 cytokine reactions. 463 statistically significant correlations between 22 immunocytes and pathways were revealed. Immunocytes and clinical phenotypes matched their gene modules, and their functions were annotated. Last, an easy-to-use and user-friendly interactive web-tool were developed for periodontitis related immune analysis and visualization (https://118.24.100.193:3838/tool-PIA/). Conclusions This study systematically investigated periodontitis immune atlas and caught a glimpse of the underlying mechanism of periodontitis from gene-pathway-immunocyte networks, which can not only inspire researchers but also help them in periodontitis related immune researches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14, Sect 3, Renmin South Rd, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingxuan Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14, Sect 3, Renmin South Rd, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyu Yan
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14, Sect 3, Renmin South Rd, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Shan
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14, Sect 3, Renmin South Rd, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Xing
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14, Sect 3, Renmin South Rd, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Minqi Li
- Department of Bone Metabolism, Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, School/Hospital of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hu Long
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14, Sect 3, Renmin South Rd, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenli Lai
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 14, Sect 3, Renmin South Rd, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yetkin Ay Z, Bakır B, Bozkurt ŞB, Kayis SA, Hakki SS. Positive effect of curcumin on experimental peridontitis via suppression of IL-1-beta and IL-6 expression level. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2020; 92:231-239. [PMID: 32718217 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effect of curcumin on T-helper (Th17) and T-regulatory (Treg) cells regarding the mRNA of cytokines/mediators in the gingiva. Thirty-five male albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Group 1: periodontitis (n = 9); Group 2: periodontitis with curcumin treatment (n = 8); Group 3: periodontally healthy with curcumin treatment (n = 10); and Group 4: periodontally healthy (n = 8). Curcumin was administered via oral gavage (30 mg/kg/day) for a total of 15 days. The gingival tissues were investigated regarding mRNA expressions of Th17/Treg cytokines with qRT-PCR. The distributional properties of the data were evaluated using the Anderson-Darling normality test. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were employed for multiple group comparisons. Partial least squares regression discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to evaluate the degree of contribution of each mRNA to the separation of treatment groups. When the periodontitis groups were compared, curcumin treatment resulted in lower IL-1β (Group 2 median: 0.002, Group 1 median: 0.12) and IL-6 (Group 2 median: 0.031, Group 1 median: 0.078) and higher IL-17 (Group 2 median: 1.07, Group 1 median: 0.583) relative mRNA expression in Group 2 than in Group 1 (p < 0.001). Group 3 also had higher IL-10 relative expression (median: 0.067) than Groups 1 and 4 (median: 0.028, 0.007, respectively. p < 0.001). These results indicate that curcumin might be a promising agent for the prevention and/or treatment of periodontal diseases due to its decreasing effect on IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuhal Yetkin Ay
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Burcu Bakır
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | | | - Seyit Ali Kayis
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Karabuk University, Karabuk, Turkey
| | - Sema Sezgin Hakki
- Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey.,Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Prado MM, Kovalski DJ, Torrez WB, Bueno-Silva B, Feres M, de Almeida J, Porto LM. Development of a multispecies periodontal biofilm model within a stirred bioreactor. BIOFOULING 2020; 36:725-735. [PMID: 32781835 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2020.1805600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to develop a subgingival biofilm model using a stirred bioreactor. Discs of bovine teeth were adapted to a stirred bioreactor filled with a culture medium containing bacterial species associated with periodontal health or disease. After anaerobic incubation, the biofilms growing on the substratum surfaces were collected and analyzed. The mean number of Colony-forming Units (CFUs) varied, but with no difference between 3 and 7 days of biofilm formation (p > 0.05). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis showed a uniform biofilm layer covering the cement layer of the root surface containing bacteria with diverse morphology. In checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization, bacterial species were identified in both biofilms. In conclusion, a subgingival biofilm model was developed using a stirred bioreactor, allowing the in vitro reproduction of complex microbial communities. This is an advanced model that may be useful to mimic complex clinical periodontal biofilms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maick Meneguzzo Prado
- LiEB - Integrated Laboratory of Biological Engineering, Chemical and Food Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Davi J Kovalski
- LiEB - Integrated Laboratory of Biological Engineering, Chemical and Food Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Bueno-Silva
- Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Magda Feres
- Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Josiane de Almeida
- LiEB - Integrated Laboratory of Biological Engineering, Chemical and Food Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - Luismar M Porto
- LiEB - Integrated Laboratory of Biological Engineering, Chemical and Food Engineering Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Identification of immune-related lncRNAs in periodontitis reveals regulation network of gene-lncRNA-pathway-immunocyte. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 84:106600. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
30
|
Cafferata EA, Castro-Saavedra S, Fuentes-Barros G, Melgar-Rodríguez S, Rivera F, Carvajal P, Hernández M, Cortés BI, Cortez C, Cassels BK, Vernal R. Boldine inhibits the alveolar bone resorption during ligature-induced periodontitis by modulating the Th17/Treg imbalance. J Periodontol 2020; 92:123-136. [PMID: 32490537 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During periodontitis, tooth-supporting alveolar bone is resorbed when there is an increased expression of the pro-osteolytic factor termed receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL), which is responsible for osteoclast differentiation and activation. In periodontitis-affected tissues, the imbalance between T-helper type-17 (Th17) and T-regulatory (Treg) lymphocyte activity favors this RANKL overexpression. In this context, immunotherapeutic strategies aimed at modulating this Th17/Treg imbalance could eventually arrest the RANKL-mediated alveolar bone loss. Boldine has been reported to protect from pathological bone loss during rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis, whose pathogenesis is associated with a Th17/Treg imbalance. However, the effect of boldine on alveolar bone resorption during periodontitis has not been elucidated yet. This study aimed to determine whether boldine inhibits alveolar bone resorption by modulating the Th17/Treg imbalance during periodontitis. METHODS Mice with ligature-induced periodontitis were orally treated with boldine (10/20/40 mg/kg) for 15 consecutive days. Non-treated periodontitis-affected mice and non-ligated mice were used as controls. Alveolar bone loss was analyzed by micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy. Osteoclasts were quantified by histological identification of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cells. Production of RANKL and its competitive antagonist osteoprotegerin (OPG) were analyzed by ELISA, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and immunohistochemistry. The Th17 and Treg responses were analyzed by quantifying the T-cell frequency and number by flow cytometry. Also, the expression of their signature transcription factors and cytokines were quantified by qPCR. RESULTS Boldine inhibited the alveolar bone resorption. Consistently, boldine caused a decrease in the osteoclast number and RANKL/OPG ratio in periodontal lesions. Besides, boldine reduced the Th17-lymphocyte detection and response and increased the Treg-lymphocyte detection and response in periodontitis-affected tissues. CONCLUSION Boldine, administered orally, inhibited the alveolar bone resorption and modulated the Th17/Treg imbalance during experimental periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilio A Cafferata
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
| | - Sebastián Castro-Saavedra
- Chemobiodynamics Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Samanta Melgar-Rodríguez
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Rivera
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Carvajal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcela Hernández
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bastián I Cortés
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Cortez
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bruce K Cassels
- Chemobiodynamics Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rolando Vernal
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Fernández A, Veloso P, Astorga J, Rodríguez C, Torres VA, Valdés M, Garrido M, Gebicke-Haerter PJ, Hernández M. Epigenetic regulation of TLR2-mediated periapical inflammation. Int Endod J 2020; 53:1229-1237. [PMID: 32426871 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the methylation pattern of TLR2 gene promoter and its association with the transcriptional regulation of periapical inflammatory and angiogenic responses in symptomatic and asymptomatic forms of apical periodontitis. METHODOLOGY In this cross-sectional study, apical lesions were obtained from volunteers with asymptomatic apical periodontitis (AAP) (n = 17) and symptomatic apical periodontitis (SAP) (n = 17) scheduled for tooth extraction, and both total RNA and DNA were extracted. DNA was bisulfite-treated, a region of CpG island within the TLR2 gene was amplified by qPCR and the products were sequenced. Additionally, the mRNA expression of TLR2, TLR4, IL-6, IL-12, TNFalpha, IL-23, IL-10, TGFbeta, VEGFA and CDH5 was analysed by qPCR. The data were analysed with chi-square tests, Mann-Whitney or unpaired t-tests, and Spearman´s correlation; variable adjustments were performed using multiple linear regression (P < 0.05). RESULTS TLR2 depicted a hypomethylated DNA profile at the CpG island in SAP when compared with AAP, along with upregulated expression of TLR2, with pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-23, and the angiogenesis marker CDH5 (P < 0.05). TLR2 methylation percentage negatively correlated with mRNA levels of IL-23 and CDH5 in apical periodontitis. Lower methylation frequencies of single CpG dinucleotides -8 and -10 localized in close proximity to nuclear factor κB (NFκB) binding within the TLR2 promoter were identified in SAP versus AAP (P < 0.05). Finally, unmethylated -10 and -8 single sites demonstrated up-regulation of IL-23, IL-10 and CDH5 transcripts compared to their methylated counterparts (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS TLR2 gene promoter hypomethylation was linked to transcriptional activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines and angiogenic markers in exacerbated periapical inflammation. Moreover, unmethylated single sites in close proximity to NFκB binding were involved in active transcription of IL-23, IL-10 and CDH5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Fernández
- Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - P Veloso
- Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - J Astorga
- Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Rodríguez
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - V A Torres
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Valdés
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Garrido
- Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - P J Gebicke-Haerter
- Program of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Institute of Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - M Hernández
- Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hong I, Pae HC, Song YW, Cha JK, Lee JS, Paik JW, Choi SH. Oral Fluid Biomarkers for Diagnosing Gingivitis in Human: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061720. [PMID: 32503210 PMCID: PMC7356847 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diagnoses based on oral fluid biomarkers have been introduced to overcome limitations of periodontal probe-based diagnoses. Diagnostic ability of certain biomarkers for periodontitis have been identified and widely studied, however, such studies targeting gingivitis is scarce. The aims of this study were to determine and compare the efficacies and accuracies of eight biomarkers in diagnosing gingivitis with the aid of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI) were examined in 100 participants. Gingival crevicular fluid was collected using paper points, and whole-saliva samples were collected using cotton roll. Samples were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits for the different biomarkers. The levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, MMP-9, lactoferrin, cystatin C, myeloperoxidase (MPO), platelet-activating factor, cathepsin B, and pyridinoline cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen were analyzed. MPO and MMP-8 levels in saliva were strongly correlated with gingivitis, with Pearson’s correlation coefficients of 0.399 and 0.217, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) was largest for MMP-8, at 0.814, followed by values of 0.793 and 0.777 for MPO and MMP-9, respectively. The clinical parameters of GI and PI showed strong correlations and large AUC values, whereas PD and CAL did not. MMP-8 and MPO were found to be effective for diagnosing gingivitis. Further investigations based on the results of this study may identify clinically useful biomarkers for the accurate and early detection of gingivitis.
Collapse
|
33
|
Macrophages skew towards M1 profile through reduced CD163 expression in symptomatic apical periodontitis. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:4571-4581. [PMID: 32444919 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03324-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the macrophage profiles in symptomatic and asymptomatic forms of AP through phenotypic and functional analyses. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cross-sectional study. Apical tissue/lesion samples were collected from patients with clinical diagnosis of AAP (n = 51) or SAP (n = 45) and healthy periodontal ligament (HPL) from healthy patients as controls (n = 14), all with indication of tooth extraction. Samples were digested, cells were stained for CD14, M1 (CD64, CD80), and M2 (CD163, CD206) phenotypic surface markers and analyzed by flow cytometry. Functional cytokine profiles L-6, IL-12, TNF-α, IL-23 (M1), IL-10, and TGF-β (M2) were determined by qPCR. RESULTS Higher macrophage M1/M2 ratio (CD64+CD80+/CD163+CD206+) along with lower CD163 mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) were found in SAP compared to AAP and controls (p < 0.05). IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α, IL-23 (M1), and IL-10 mRNA (M2) were upregulated, whereas TGF-β mRNA (M2) was downregulated in apical lesions compared to controls. Specifically, IL-6 and IL-23 (M1) were upregulated in SAP compared with AAP and controls (p < 0.05). The data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis test. CONCLUSIONS Macrophages exhibited a polarization switch towards M1 in AL. SAP exhibited a reduced M2 differentiation profile based on a reduction of CD163 expression levels in SAP over AAP. Specifically, IL-6 and IL-23 were augmented SAP over AAP, suggesting a role in the severity of apical lesions. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Deciphering the macrophage polarization and functions in apical periodontitis can contribute to explain AP dynamics, its clinical presentation and systemic impact.
Collapse
|
34
|
Huang YK, Wang YH, Chang YC. Chronic Periodontitis Is Associated with the Risk of Bipolar Disorder: A Population-Based Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17103466. [PMID: 32429260 PMCID: PMC7277490 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a psychiatric mood disturbance manifested by manic, hypomanic, or major depressive periods. Chronic inflammation was evidenced as an important etiologic factor of BD. Chronic periodontitis (CP) is an inflammatory disease triggered by bacterial products, leading to the destruction of periodontium. The relationship between BD and CP is of interest to investigate. Therefore, a nationwide population-based cohort study was used to investigate the risk of BD and CP exposure from 2001 to 2012. We identified 61,608 patients with CP from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). The 123,216 controls were randomly captured and matched by age, sex, index year, and co-morbidities. The association between CP exposure and BD risk was examined by Cox proportional hazards regression models. In this study, 61,608 CP patients and 123,216 controls were followed up for 7.45 and 7.36 years, respectively. In total, 138 BD patients were identified in the CP cohort and 187 BD cases were found in the non-CP cohort. The incidence rate of BD was significantly higher in the CP cohort than in the non-CP cohort (adjusted HR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.17–1.81) according to the multivariate Cox regression analysis. Females had a 1.47-fold increased risk (95% CI: 1.16–1.86) for BD compared to males. Taken together, CP may be associated with an increased risk of subsequent BD in Taiwan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Kai Huang
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Hsun Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Chao Chang
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-24718668 (ext. 55011); Fax: +886-4-24759065
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Su X, Zhang J, Qin X. CD40 up-regulation on dendritic cells correlates with Th17/Treg imbalance in chronic periodontitis in young population. Innate Immun 2020; 26:482-489. [PMID: 32345091 PMCID: PMC7491239 DOI: 10.1177/1753425920917731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to discover the influence of age on the development of chronic periodontitis and illustrate the molecular mechanism in this process. Blood samples were collected from 63 chronic periodontitis patients and 30 healthy controls. Th17 cell/Foxp3+ regulatory T cell (Treg) ratio and expression of costimulatory molecules in dendritic cells (DCs) were analyzed by flow cytometry. The serum levels of soluble CD40 ligand (CD40L) and IL-17 were examined by ELISA. In young chronic periodontitis patients, the Th17/Treg ratio was significantly higher than that in old patients. CD40 on DCs and serum levels of CD40L and IL-17 were all higher in young chronic periodontitis patients. Mature DCs with high CD40 expression level elevated the Th17/Treg ratio in vitro. During the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis, young patients had higher Th17/Treg ratio than old patients and this phenomenon was in line with the differential expression levels of CD40 in DCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Su
- Department of Stomatology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Xue Qin
- Department of Stomatology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Taso E, Stefanovic V, Gaudin A, Grujic J, Maldonado E, Petkovic-Curcin A, Vojvodic D, Sculean A, Rakic M. Effect of dental caries on periodontal inflammatory status: A split-mouth study. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 110:104620. [PMID: 31791000 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.104620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This controlled split-mouth study aimed to estimate the effect of caries and related treatment on concentrations of interleukin (IL)-2, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-12, IL-17A, IL-13, IL-10, IL-6, IL-5, IL-4, IL-22, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL1-β in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of caries affected teeth before (B), 7 (7D) and 30 (30D) days post-treatment and to compare them with concentrations from healthy teeth. DESIGN Study population included 81 systemically and periodontally healthy non-smokers exhibiting at least one shallow occlusal/ inter-proximal caries and one healthy tooth from the same morphologic group at the contralateral position. Following clinical exam, the GCF samples were collected baseline as well as 7D and 30D, while the biomarker measurement was performed using multiplex flowcytometry. RESULTS Caries affected teeth exhibited significantly higher levels of IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-6 when compared to healthy teeth. Post-treatment cytokines levels showed general trend of increase when compared to baseline, that was significant for IL-22 and IL-17 at 7D, while IFN-γ was significantly increased at 7D compared to the healthy teeth. At 30D, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-17 and IL-4 levels were significantly increased when compared to healthy teeth, while IL-2 levels were significantly higher than baseline levels. CONCLUSION Considering significantly increased periodontal levels of inflammatory markers in caries affected teeth and in response to performed treatment, it seems that dental caries and related restorative treatment might contribute to periodontal inflammation via additive effects already in early-stage caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ervin Taso
- Clinic for Stomatology, Military Medical Academy, Crnotravska 17, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Stefanovic
- Clinic for Stomatology, Military Medical Academy, Crnotravska 17, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Alexis Gaudin
- Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Nantes, Nantes, France; Inserm, U1229, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton Research, RMeS, CHU Nantes, PHU 4 OTONN, 1 Place Alexis-Ricordeau, Nantes, France
| | - Jovan Grujic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 8, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Estela Maldonado
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Pza. Ramón y Cajal, s/n, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aleksandra Petkovic-Curcin
- Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, Crnotravska 17, Belgrade, Serbia; Medical Faculty, University of Defence, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danilo Vojvodic
- Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, Crnotravska 17, Belgrade, Serbia; Medical Faculty, University of Defence, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Anton Sculean
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mia Rakic
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases) Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University Complutense of Madrid, Pza. Ramón y Cajal, s/n, Madrid, Spain; Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, Serbia.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Rojas L, Melgar-Rodríguez S, Díaz-Zúñiga J, Alvarez C, Monasterio G, Rojas C, Cafferata EA, Hernández M, Cortéz C, Carvajal P, Vernal R. Inhibitory effect of serotype a of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans on the increased destructive potential of serotype b. Oral Dis 2019; 26:409-418. [PMID: 31738464 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The serotype b of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans) induces higher cytokine production in dendritic cells (DCs) compared with the other serotypes. However, this increased immunostimulatory potential was modified when DCs were co-infected with the other A. actinomycetemcomitans serotypes. This study aimed to analyze whether the production of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), C-reactive protein (CRP), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and MMP-9, as well as the activity of osteoclasts, also varies when DCs are co-infected with the A. actinomycetemcomitans serotypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human DCs were stimulated with the A. actinomycetemcomitans serotypes using the following stimulatory conditions: serotype a/b/c/a+b/a+c/b+c/a+b+c. The IFN-γ, CRP, and MMP-2 levels were quantified by ELISA. The active form of MMP-9 was quantified using fluorescent functional assays. The MMP-2 gelatinolytic activity was identified by zymogram. The osteoclast activity was determined by quantifying the TRAP expression and resorption-pit formation using cytochemistry and osteoassays. RESULTS Higher levels of IFN-γ, CRP, MMP-2, MMP-9, and osteoclast activity were detected when DCs were stimulated with the serotype b of A. actinomycetemcomitans compared with the others. This increased immunostimulatory potential attributed to serotype b diminished when DCs were co-infected with the serotype a. CONCLUSIONS This study provides new insights into the virulence of A. actinomycetemcomitans and reveals important differences in the immunostimulatory and pro-destructive potential among its serotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Rojas
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Jaime Díaz-Zúñiga
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carla Alvarez
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gustavo Monasterio
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Rojas
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Emilio A Cafferata
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
| | - Marcela Hernández
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Cortéz
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Carvajal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rolando Vernal
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Monasterio G, Budini V, Fernández B, Castillo F, Rojas C, Alvarez C, Cafferata EA, Vicencio E, Cortés BI, Cortez C, Vernal R. IL-22-expressing CD4 + AhR + T lymphocytes are associated with RANKL-mediated alveolar bone resorption during experimental periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2019; 54:513-524. [PMID: 31032952 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Over the past few years, the importance of interleukin-22 (IL-22) and T-helper (Th)22 lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of periodontitis has become apparent; however, there are still aspects that are not addressed yet. Cells expressing IL-22 and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), transcription factor master switch gene implicated in the differentiation and function of Th22 lymphocytes, have been detected in periodontal tissues of periodontitis-affected patients. In addition, IL-22 has been associated with osteoclast differentiation and their bone resorptive activity in vitro. However, the destructive potential of IL-22-expressing AhR+ Th22 lymphocytes over periodontal tissues during periodontitis has not been demonstrated in vivo yet. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze whether IL-22-expressing CD4+ AhR+ T lymphocytes detected in periodontal lesions are associated with alveolar bone resorption during experimental periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Using a murine model of periodontitis, the expression levels of IL-22 and AhR, as well as the Th1-, Th2-, Th17- and T regulatory-associated cytokines, were analyzed in periodontal lesions using qPCR. The detection of CD4+ IL-22+ AhR+ T lymphocytes was analyzed in periodontal lesions and cervical lymph nodes that drain these periodontal lesions using flow cytometry. In addition, the expression of the osteoclastogenic mediator called receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) was analyzed by qPCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Finally, alveolar bone resorption was analyzed using micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy, and the bone resorption levels were correlated with IL-22 and RANKL expression. RESULTS Higher levels of IL-22, AhR, and RANKL, as well as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17, IL-23, and TNF-α, were expressed in periodontal lesions of infected mice compared with periodontal tissues of sham-infected and non-infected controls. Similarly, high RANKL immunoreaction was observed in periodontal tissues of infected mice; however, few or absent RANKL immunoreaction was observed in controls. This association between RANKL and periodontal infection was ratified by western blot. Furthermore, a higher detection of CD4+ IL-22+ AhR+ T lymphocytes was found in periodontal lesions and cervical lymph nodes that drain these periodontal lesions in infected mice compared with non-infected controls. Finally, the increased IL-22 and RANKL expression showed positive correlation between them and with the augmented alveolar bone resorption observed in experimental periodontal lesions. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the increase of IL-22-expressing CD4+ AhR+ T lymphocytes in periodontitis-affected tissues and shows a positive correlation between IL-22, RANKL expression, and alveolar bone resorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Monasterio
- Faculty of Dentistry, Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Victoria Budini
- Faculty of Dentistry, Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Baltasar Fernández
- Faculty of Dentistry, Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisca Castillo
- Faculty of Dentistry, Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Rojas
- Faculty of Dentistry, Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carla Alvarez
- Faculty of Dentistry, Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Pathology Laboratory, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Emilio A Cafferata
- Faculty of Dentistry, Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
| | - Emiliano Vicencio
- Faculty of Sciences, Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Sciences, Center for Genomic and Bioinformatic, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bastián I Cortés
- Faculty of Sciences, Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Sciences, Center for Genomic and Bioinformatic, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Cortez
- Faculty of Sciences, Center for Genomic and Bioinformatic, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rolando Vernal
- Faculty of Dentistry, Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Dentistry Unit, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Duplancic R, Roguljic M, Puhar I, Vecek N, Dragun R, Vukojevic K, Saraga-Babic M, Kero D. Syndecans and Enzymes for Heparan Sulfate Biosynthesis and Modification Differentially Correlate With Presence of Inflammatory Infiltrate in Periodontitis. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1248. [PMID: 31611818 PMCID: PMC6773826 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common degenerative disease initiated by the bacteria in subgingival biofilm. The exposure to bacterial biofilm triggers host inflammatory response whose dysregulation is ultimately responsible for the destruction of hard and soft periodontal tissues resulting in tooth loss. To date, significant effort has been invested in the research of the involvement of host cells and inflammatory mediators in regulation of inflammatory response in periodontitis. Syndecans (Sdcs) belong to a four-member family of heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). Sdcs are compound molecules comprised of the core protein to which several heparan sulfate (HS) glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains are attached. The role of Sdcs in pathogenesis of periodontitis is poorly investigated despite the numerous reports from experimental studies about the critical involvement of these factors in modulation of various aspects of inflammatory response, such as the formation of inflammatory mediators gradients, leukocyte recruitment and extracellular matrix remodeling in resolution of inflammation. Most of these functions of Sdcs are HS-related and, thus, dependent upon the structure of HS. This, in turn, is determined by the combinatorial action of enzymes for biosynthesis and modification of HS such as exostosis (EXTs), sulfotransferases (NDSTs), and heparanase 1 (HPSE1). The data presented in this study clearly indicate that some Sdcs display different expression profiles in healthy and diseased periodontal tissue. Additionally, the differences in expression profiles of HS GAG biosynthesis and modification enzymes (EXTs, NDSTs, and HPSE1) in healthy and diseased periodontal tissue imply that changes in HS GAG content and structure might also take place during periodontitis. Most notably, expression profiles of Sdcs, EXTs, NDSTs, and HPSE1 differentially correlate with the presence of inflammatory infiltrate in healthy and diseased periodontal tissue, which might imply that these factors could also be involved in modulation of inflammatory response in periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roko Duplancic
- Study Programme of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Marija Roguljic
- Department of Oral Pathology and Periodontology, Study Programme of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Ivan Puhar
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nika Vecek
- Study Programme of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Ruzica Dragun
- Study Programme of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Katarina Vukojevic
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia.,Laboratory for Early Human Development, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Mirna Saraga-Babic
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia.,Laboratory for Early Human Development, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Darko Kero
- Study Programme of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia.,Laboratory for Early Human Development, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lee CY, Chang CH, Teng NC, Chang HM, Huang WT, Huang YK. Associations between the phenotype and genotype of MnSOD and catalase in periodontal disease. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:201. [PMID: 31470840 PMCID: PMC6717336 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0877-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease in which pathogenic infections trigger a series of inflammatory responses and redox regulation. The hypothesis of this study was that a host’s redox regulation, as modified by genetic polymorphisms, may affect periodontal disease activities (including the plaque index (PlI), bleeding on probing (BOP), and pocket depth (PD)) during periodontal therapy. Methods In total, 175 patients diagnosed with periodontitis were recruited from the Department of Periodontology, Taipei Medical University Hospital. Both saliva samples and clinical measurements (PlI, BOP, and PD) were taken at the baseline and at 1 month after completing treatment. Salivary manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and catalase, and corresponding genetic polymorphisms (MnSOD, T47C, rs4880 and Catalase, C-262 T, rs1001179) were determined. The extent of change (Δ) of MnSOD or catalase was calculated by subtracting the concentration after completing treatment from that at the baseline. Results Subjects who carried the Catalase CC genotype had significantly higher salivary MnSOD or catalase levels. The MnSOD genotype had a significant effect on the percentage of PDs of 4~9 mm (p = 0.02), and salivary ΔMnSOD had a significant effect on the PlI (p = 0.03). The Catalase genotype had a significant effect on the PlI (p = 0.01~0.04), but the effect was not found for the mean PlI or PD. There was a significant interaction between the MnSOD genotype and salivary ΔMnSOD on PDs of 4~9 mm. After adjusting for gender, years of schooling, smoking status, and alcohol consumption, subjects with ΔMnSOD of < 0 μg/ml or Δcatalase of < 0 μg/ml had significantly higher 5.58- or 5.17-fold responses to scaling and root planing treatment. Conclusions The MnSOD T47C genotype interferes with the phenotype of salivary antioxidant level, alters MnSOD levels, and influences the PD recovery. MnSOD and catalase gene polymorphism associated with phenotype expression and susceptibility in periodontal root planing treatment responses. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12903-019-0877-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Yu Lee
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Huang Chang
- College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Chia Teng
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ming Chang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ting Huang
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Kai Huang
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan. .,School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Du M, Wang Y, Liu Z, Wang L, Cao Z, Zhang C, Hao Y, He H. Effects of IL-1β on MMP-9 Expression in Cementoblast-Derived Cell Line and MMP-Mediated Degradation of Type I Collagen. Inflammation 2019; 42:413-425. [PMID: 30613914 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-00951-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are induced by many cytokines, and they are involved in various inflammatory processes, including periodontitis. However, the effects of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) on MMP-9 expression in cementoblasts, the cells responsible for cementum production, remain largely unknown. In this study, we used qPCR and gelatin zymogram analysis to show that IL-1β upregulated MMP-9 expression in cementoblast-derived cell line. Several signaling pathways, such as ERK1/2, JNK, p38, and AP-1 (c-Fos and ATF-2), were activated in response to IL-1β stimulation. Furthermore, enhancement of AP-1 activity by IL-1β was further confirmed by the AP-1 reporter assay and the electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Pretreatment with specific inhibitors of ERK1/2 (U0126), JNK (SP600125), and AP-1 (tanshinone IIA) attenuated IL-1β-induced MMP-9 expression. In addition, inhibitors of ERK1/2 (U0126) and JNK (SP600125) attenuated IL-1β-enhanced AP-1 activity. This suggested that IL-1β stimulated AP-1 activation, at least partially, through ERK1/2 and JNK signaling pathways. Moreover, we found that IL-1β also upregulated the expression of MMP-13 and enhanced MMP-mediated degradation of type I collagen. Collectively, these results suggested that IL-1β induced MMP-9 expression by activation of AP-1 through the ERK1/2 and JNK signaling pathways in cementoblast-derived cell line and enhanced MMP-mediated collagen degradation possibly by MMP-13 and MMP-9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan Du
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunlong Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhijian Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Leilei Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunru Hao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong He
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Luoyu Road 237#, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Alvarez C, Monasterio G, Cavalla F, Córdova LA, Hernández M, Heymann D, Garlet GP, Sorsa T, Pärnänen P, Lee HM, Golub LM, Vernal R, Kantarci A. Osteoimmunology of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases: Translational Applications Based on Biological Mechanisms. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1664. [PMID: 31379856 PMCID: PMC6657671 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The maxillofacial skeleton is highly dynamic and requires a constant equilibrium between the bone resorption and bone formation. The field of osteoimmunology explores the interactions between bone metabolism and the immune response, providing a context to study the complex cellular and molecular networks involved in oro-maxillofacial osteolytic diseases. In this review, we present a framework for understanding the potential mechanisms underlying the immuno-pathobiology in etiologically-diverse diseases that affect the oral and maxillofacial region and share bone destruction as their common clinical outcome. These otherwise different pathologies share similar inflammatory pathways mediated by central cellular players, such as macrophages, T and B cells, that promote the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts, ineffective or insufficient bone apposition by osteoblasts, and the continuous production of osteoclastogenic signals by immune and local stromal cells. We also present the potential translational applications of this knowledge based on the biological mechanisms involved in the inflammation-induced bone destruction. Such applications can be the development of immune-based therapies that promote bone healing/regeneration, the identification of host-derived inflammatory/collagenolytic biomarkers as diagnostics tools, the assessment of links between oral and systemic diseases; and the characterization of genetic polymorphisms in immune or bone-related genes that will help diagnosis of susceptible individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Alvarez
- Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gustavo Monasterio
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Franco Cavalla
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis A Córdova
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, San Jose's Hospital and Clínica Las Condes, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcela Hernández
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Dominique Heymann
- INSERM, UMR 1232, LabCT, CRCINA, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Gustavo P Garlet
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Oral Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pirjo Pärnänen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hsi-Ming Lee
- Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Lorne M Golub
- Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Rolando Vernal
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yan X, Wang T, Su H. Effects of a self-ligating appliance for orthodontic treatment of severe adult periodontitis. J Oral Sci 2019; 61:200-205. [PMID: 31217371 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.18-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the short-term effects of a self-ligating appliance for orthodontic treatment of severe adult periodontitis. Thirty patients diagnosed as severe periodontitis were recruited at Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, P. R.China, between January 2012 and January 2016. General clinical and demographic data were collected from the patients, all of whom were treated with a self-ligating appliance. Probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP) and plaque index (PI) were measured before appliance placement, and at 1 and 3 months after appliance placement, respectively. Results showed the rate of tooth loss, mean PPD, mean CAL and the BOP ratio were more favorable in healthy subjects than in the patients. Smokers accounted for a significantly higher proportion of the patients in comparison with the healthy subjects. Clinical outcomes revealed that both the mean PPD and mean CAL were significantly decreased compared with the baseline (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the percentage of BOP, PI and bone mineral density were also significantly decreased at 1 month after treatment (P < 0.05). The volume of gingival crevicular fluid, as well as the levels of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase and glutathione peroxidase, were significantly increased in the first month after treatment, being decreased at 2 months, and finally returning to normal in the third month. In summary, orthodontic treatment using a self-ligating appliance can apparently improve the periodontal condition of patients with severe adult periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yan
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University
| | - Tiancong Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University
| | - Han Su
- Department of Stomatology, Jinling Hospital, Clinical School, Medical College, Nanjing University
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Deumer J, Frentzen M, Meinke M. Investigation of active matrix- metaloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) as a reference parameter for path control in antimicrobial photothermal therapy (aPTT) using a split-mouth design. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01661. [PMID: 31193352 PMCID: PMC6526226 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This retrospective data-collection study aims to explain how the active matrix-metalloproteinase-8-titer (aMMP-titer) influences the immune response of the subject. This is done through monotherapy scaling and root planing (SRP) which is then compared to SRP combined with antimicrobial photothermal therapy (aPTT, Emundo®). METHODS Data collection was monocentric, randomized and split-mouth based. A study group of twenty patients with chronic periodontal disease with a periodontal pocket depth (PPD) 4 mm ≤ PPD ≤8 mm, a periodontal screening index (PSI: > 3), and a gingival recession ≤2 mm were selected.A diode laser, manufactured by A.R.C. Laser GmbH, with 810 nm wavelength was used. This device implemented three different light transmission systems for transgingival and intra-gingival irradiation. Power settings between 200 and 300 mW were deployed for 10 s during all treatment steps. The photothermic dye of EmunDo® system (A.R.C. Laser GmbH) was infracyaningreen.The adjuvant effect of the antimicrobial photothermal therapy (aPTT) with EmunDo® in combination with conventional SRP on the teeth 15 and 35 was compared with the results of monotherapy SRP on teeth 25 and 45. RESULTS A reduction of the aMMP-8-titer in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was observed in both groups (follow up group and control group) after one month. However; the decrease in the follow up group under SRP in combination with aPTT was significantly more pronounced. The periodontal pocket depths was reduced in both treatment groups. The periodontal probing depth (in mm) shows a larger decrease of the periodontal pocket depth within the follow up group (SPR with aPTT) compared with the control group (SRP). CONCLUSION The aMMP-8-titer showed differences in both groups prior to and after treatment. Active matrix-metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) as a reference parameter for path control in antimicrobial photothermal therapy (aPTT) seems acceptable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. Deumer
- MVZ Erstes Zahnärztliches Lasercentrum Berlin, Gatower Straße 296, 14089 Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Frentzen
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Bonn University, Dental Faculty, Germany
| | - M.C. Meinke
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité University Medicine Berlin Campus Charité Mitte, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Trombley TM, Agarwal SC, Beauchesne PD, Goodson C, Candilio F, Coppa A, Rubini M. Making sense of medieval mouths: Investigating sex differences of dental pathological lesions in a late medieval Italian community. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2019; 169:253-269. [PMID: 30924143 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bioarchaeological investigations of sex-based differences in the prevalence of dental pathological lesions, particularly caries, have drawn considerable attention, and out of this work, two dominant models have emerged. Traditionally, the first model interprets sex-related patterns in caries as a product of gendered differences in diet. A more recent model interprets a generally higher propensity for caries prevalence in females in light of reproductive ecology. To test the hypothesis that females have higher risk of caries in accordance with reproductive ecology, we examined and analyzed caries prevalence and other potentially synergistic oral pathological lesions in a late medieval (A.D. 1300-1500) Italian archaeological sample. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined sex- and age-related prevalence in caries and other oral pathological lesions in a late medieval Italian skeletal assemblage excavated from Villamagna consisting of 38 females and 37 males (n = 1,534 teeth). We examined age- and sex-related patterns in six dental traits: antemortem tooth loss, caries, calculus, periapical inflammation, tooth wear, and periodontitis. RESULTS Significant age-related increases in antemortem tooth loss, caries, calculus, and tooth wear were observed in both males and females. However, there was a lack of expected sex differences in oral pathological lesions, with instead older males exhibiting significantly more antemortem tooth loss and corrected caries than females. DISCUSSION Results are discussed in relation to the ethnohistoric context of medieval rural dietary practices as well as biomedical salivary literature, which suggest that dietary changes throughout the life course may have facilitated trade-offs that buffered females from higher rates of dental pathological lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trent M Trombley
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Sabrina C Agarwal
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Patrick D Beauchesne
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, University of Michigan, Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan
| | - Caroline Goodson
- Faculty of History, University of Cambridge, King's College, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Candilio
- Anthropological Service, Soprintendenza Archeologia, Belle Arti e Paesaggio per la città metropolitana di Cagliari e le province di Oristano e Sud Sardegna, Cagliari, Italy.,Physical Anthropology Section, University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alfredo Coppa
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Rubini
- Department of Archaeology, Foggia University, Foggia, Italy.,Anthropological Service, S.A.B.A.P.-LAZ, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Expression of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 and its association with matrix metalloproteinases in symptomatic and asymptomatic apical periodontitis. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 23:4205-4212. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-02861-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
47
|
Nunes-Dos-Santos DL, Gomes SV, Rodrigues VP, Pereira ALA. Periodontal status and clinical outcomes in kidney transplant recipients: A systematic review. Oral Dis 2019; 26:22-34. [PMID: 30661274 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review was to identify clinical outcomes following kidney transplantation associated with periodontal status. MATERIAL AND METHODS A systematic review was conducted and included cross-sectional, case-control, or cohort studies published until August 2018 from PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Science Direct, and CENTRAL. The research was carried out using the following descriptors: "kidney transplantation," "chronic renal failure," "periodontal diseases," "periodontitis," "chronic periodontitis," "gingival hyperplasia," and "gingivitis." The outcomes comprised the clinical transplantation variables. Two independent reviewers extracted the data and assessed the quality of the studies using Newcastle-Ottawa scale. RESULTS The electronic search revealed 1,063 potentially relevant studies. We selected 114 articles for reading the full text. Therefore, six studies met the inclusion criteria: one case-control, three cross-sectional, and two cohort studies. All studies showed low risk of bias. The findings suggest that the periodontal status may be associated with the largest left ventricular mass, greater carotid thickness, graft rejection, lower graft survival, and a higher mortality rate within 60 months among kidney transplant recipients. CONCLUSION The findings of this systematic review indicate that there is an association between periodontal status and worsening of graft function and systemic health among kidney transplant recipients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Samira V Gomes
- Dentistry Graduate Program, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Vandilson P Rodrigues
- Dentistry Graduate Program, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.,Department of Morphology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Antonio L A Pereira
- Dentistry Graduate Program, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.,Department of Dentistry II, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Adjunctive Effects of a Sub-Antimicrobial Dose of Doxycycline on Clinical Parameters and Potential Biomarkers of Periodontal Tissue Catabolism. Dent J (Basel) 2019; 7:dj7010009. [PMID: 30669541 PMCID: PMC6473443 DOI: 10.3390/dj7010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of the present randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm study was to examine the effectiveness of a sub-antimicrobial dose of doxycycline (SDD) in combination with nonsurgical periodontal therapy, compared to nonsurgical periodontal therapy alone, on potential gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) biomarkers of periodontal tissue catabolism related to the clinical outcomes over a 12-month period. Materials and Methods: GCF was collected and clinical parameters were recorded from 30 periodontitis patients randomized either to an SDD or placebo group. The SDD group received SDD (20 mg) b.i.d for 3 months plus scaling and root planing (SRP), while the placebo group was given placebo capsules b.i.d for 3 months plus SRP. The patients were evaluated every 3 months during the 12-month study period. At each visit, clinical parameters and GCF sampling were repeated. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, MMP-9, MMP-13, myeloperoxidase (MPO), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5 (TRAP-5) were determined by IFMA and ELISA. Results: Significant improvements were observed in all clinical parameters in both groups over 12 months (p < 0.0125) while the SDD group showed significantly better reduction in gingival index (GI) and pocket depth and a gain in clinical attachment compared to the placebo group (p < 0.05). GCF MMP-8 and OPG levels significantly reduced in the SDD group compared to baseline (p < 0.05). GCF MMP-9 significantly decreased in both groups compared to baseline (p < 0.05). GCF MPO significantly decreased at 3 and 9 months in the SDD group, while it significantly decreased at 6 months in the placebo group (p < 0.05). TRAP and MMP-13 could be detected in none of the samples. Conclusions: The present results indicate that three months of adjunctive usage of SDD to nonsurgical periodontal therapy compared to nonsurgical periodontal therapy alone in periodontitis patients results in further improvement of clinical periodontal parameters and GCF markers of periodontal tissue breakdown over a 12-month period. Beneficial effects of adjunctive SDD therapy is likely to be related to the reduced levels of two major periodontitis-associated MMPs, MMP-8 and -9, and their potential oxidative activator MPO.
Collapse
|
49
|
Up-regulated ferritin in periodontitis promotes inflammatory cytokine expression in human periodontal ligament cells through transferrin receptor via ERK/P38 MAPK pathways. Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:135-148. [PMID: 30552136 DOI: 10.1042/cs20180679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ferritin, an iron-binding protein, is ubiquitous and highly conserved; it plays a crucial role in inflammation, which is the main symptom of periodontitis. Full-length cDNA library analyses have demonstrated abundant expression of ferritin in human periodontal ligament. The aims of the present study were to explore how ferritin is regulated by local inflammation, and to investigate its functions and mechanisms of action in the process of periodontitis. METHODS Human gingival tissues were collected from periodontitis patients and healthy individuals. Experimental periodontitis was induced by ligature of second molars in mice. The expression of ferritin light polypeptide (FTL) and ferritin heavy polypeptide (FTH) were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Meanwhile, after stimulating human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLCs) with P. gingivalis-lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), the expression of FTH and FTL were measured. Then, IL-6 and IL-8 were measured after incubation with different concentrations of apoferritin (iron-free ferritin) and several intracellular signaling pathway inhibitors, or after knockdown of the transferrin receptor. RESULTS Both FTH and FTL were substantially higher in inflamed periodontal tissues than in healthy tissues. The location of the elevated expression correlated well with the extent of inflammatory infiltration. Moreover, expression of FTH and FTL were enhanced after stimulation with P. gingivalis-LPS, IL-6, TNF-α. Apoferritin induced the production of IL-6 and IL-8 in a dose-dependent manner partly through binding to the transferrin receptor and activating ERK/P38 signaling pathways in HPDLCs. CONCLUSIONS Ferritin is up-regulated by inflammation and exhibits cytokine-like activity in HPDLCs inducing a signaling cascade that promotes expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines associated with periodontitis.
Collapse
|
50
|
TOKER H, YUCE HBALCI, YILDIRIM A, TEKİN MB, GEVREK F. The effect of colchicine on alveolar bone loss in ligature-induced periodontitis. Braz Oral Res 2019; 33:e001. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2019.vol33.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
|