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Cao J, Ye L, Li X, Song Q, Chai Y. Early intervention with oral mucosal barrier Protective agents in chronic oral graft-versus-host disease: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:958. [PMID: 39153968 PMCID: PMC11330046 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04724-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preventing the progression of chronic oral graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is essential for maintaining oral health, improving quality of life, minimizing functional impairment, reducing systemic complications, and addressing treatment challenges. PURPOSE To evaluate the effectiveness of early intervention with oral mucosal barrier protective agents in preventing the progression of cGVHD and its impact on oral health, quality of life, and treatment response. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 75 participants, with 34 in the non-oral mucosal barrier protective agent group and 41 in the oral mucosal barrier protective agent group. Baseline characteristics, oral mucosal health parameters, quality of life assessments, and curative effect data were collected and compared between the two study groups. RESULTS The group receiving oral mucosal barrier protectants (n = 41) exhibited significantly lower severity of oral mucositis compared to the group without such protectants (n = 34) (2.12 ± 0.48 vs. 2.56 ± 0.63, P = 0.001) and the incidence of complications was significantly lower in the group receiving oral mucosal barrier protectants (P < 0.05). Additionally, the quality of life assessment showed marked improvements in somatization, emotional management, and social reintegration in the oral mucosal barrier protectant group compared to the group without these protectants (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the assessment of treatment efficacy revealed significantly higher rates of both complete and partial responses in the oral mucosal barrier protectant group, along with a notable reduction in disease progression compared to the group without these protectants (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Early intervention with oral mucosal barrier protective agents was associated with improved oral health parameters, enhanced quality of life, and a more favorable treatment response in the context of cGVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiong Cao
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lijuan Ye
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiujin Song
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yanyan Chai
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China.
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2
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Zhang M, Liu Y, Afzali H, Graves DT. An update on periodontal inflammation and bone loss. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1385436. [PMID: 38919613 PMCID: PMC11196616 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1385436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the supporting structures of the teeth, including the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Periodontal disease is due to an immune response that stimulates gingivitis and periodontitis, and its systemic consequences. This immune response is triggered by bacteria and may be modulated by environmental conditions such as smoking or systemic disease. Recent advances in single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) and in vivo animal studies have provided new insight into the immune response triggered by bacteria that causes periodontitis and gingivitis. Dysbiosis, which constitutes a change in the bacterial composition of the microbiome, is a key factor in the initiation and progression of periodontitis. The host immune response to dysbiosis involves the activation of various cell types, including keratinocytes, stromal cells, neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells and several lymphocyte subsets, which release pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Periodontal disease has been implicated in contributing to the pathogenesis of several systemic conditions, including diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer's disease. Understanding the complex interplay between the oral microbiome and the host immune response is critical for the development of new therapeutic strategies for the prevention and treatment of periodontitis and its systemic consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, School of Stomatology, Kunming, China
| | - Yali Liu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, School of Stomatology, Kunming, China
| | - Hamideh Afzali
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dana T. Graves
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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3
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Wei XY, Tan YQ, Zhou G. γδ T cells in oral diseases. Inflamm Res 2024; 73:867-876. [PMID: 38563967 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01870-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE γδ T cells are a distinct subset of unconventional T cells, which link innate and adaptive immunity by secreting cytokines and interacting with other immune cells, thereby modulating immune responses. As the first line of host defense, γδ T cells are essential for mucosal homeostasis and immune surveillance. When abnormally activated or impaired, γδ T cells can contribute to pathogenic processes. Accumulating evidence has revealed substantial impacts of γδ T cells on the pathogenesis of cancers, infections, and immune-inflammatory diseases. γδ T cells exhibit dual roles in cancers, promoting or inhibiting tumor growth, depending on their phenotypes and the clinical stage of cancers. During infections, γδ T cells exert high cytotoxic activity in infectious diseases, which is essential for combating bacterial and viral infections by recognizing foreign antigens and activating other immune cells. γδ T cells are also implicated in the onset and progression of immune-inflammatory diseases. However, the specific involvement and underlying mechanisms of γδ T cells in oral diseases have not been systematically discussed. METHODS We conducted a systematic literature review using the PubMed/MEDLINE databases to identify and analyze relevant literature on the roles of γδ T cells in oral diseases. RESULTS The literature review revealed that γδ T cells play a pivotal role in maintaining oral mucosal homeostasis and are involved in the pathogenesis of oral cancers, periodontal diseases, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), oral lichen planus (OLP), and oral candidiasis. γδ T cells mainly influence various pathophysiological processes, such as anti-tumor activity, eradication of infection, and immune response regulation. CONCLUSION This review focuses on the involvement of γδ T cells in oral diseases, with a particular emphasis on the main functions and underlying mechanisms by which γδ T cells influence the pathogenesis and progression of these conditions. This review underscores the potential of γδ T cells as therapeutic targets in managing oral health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Qin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Gang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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4
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Chen X, Hu X, Chen F, Yan J. Expansion and Polarization of Human γδT17 Cells in vitro from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. Bio Protoc 2024; 14:e4914. [PMID: 38213324 PMCID: PMC10777050 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
γδ T cells play a critical role in homeostasis and diseases such as infectious diseases and tumors in both mice and humans. They can be categorized into two main functional subsets: IFN-γ-producing γδT1 cells and IL-17-producing γδT17 cells. While CD27 expression segregates these two subsets in mice, little is known about human γδT17 cell differentiation and expansion. Previous studies have identified γδT17 cells in human skin and mucosal tissues, including the oral cavity and colon. However, human γδ T cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) primarily produce IFN-γ. In this protocol, we describe a method for in vitro expansion and polarization of human γδT17 cells from PBMCs. Key Features • Expansion of γδ T cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. • Human IL-17A-producing γδ T-cell differentiation and expansion using IL-7 and anti-γδTCR. • Analysis of IL-17A production post γδ T-cell expansion. This protocol is used in: Science Advances (2022), DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm9120.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Division of Immunotherapy, The Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD Department of Surgery, Immuno-Oncology Program, Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Xiaoling Hu
- Division of Immunotherapy, The Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD Department of Surgery, Immuno-Oncology Program, Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Fuxiang Chen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Division of Immunotherapy, The Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD Department of Surgery, Immuno-Oncology Program, Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
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5
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Jaber Y, Netanely Y, Naamneh R, Saar O, Zubeidat K, Saba Y, Georgiev O, Kles P, Barel O, Horev Y, Yosef O, Eli-Berchoer L, Nadler C, Betser-Cohen G, Shapiro H, Elinav E, Wilensky A, Hovav AH. Langerhans cells shape postnatal oral homeostasis in a mechanical-force-dependent but microbiota and IL17-independent manner. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5628. [PMID: 37699897 PMCID: PMC10497507 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41409-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The postnatal interaction between microbiota and the immune system establishes lifelong homeostasis at mucosal epithelial barriers, however, the barrier-specific physiological activities that drive the equilibrium are hardly known. During weaning, the oral epithelium, which is monitored by Langerhans cells (LC), is challenged by the development of a microbial plaque and the initiation of masticatory forces capable of damaging the epithelium. Here we show that microbial colonization following birth facilitates the differentiation of oral LCs, setting the stage for the weaning period, in which adaptive immunity develops. Despite the presence of the challenging microbial plaque, LCs mainly respond to masticatory mechanical forces, inducing adaptive immunity, to maintain epithelial integrity that is also associated with naturally occurring alveolar bone loss. Mechanistically, masticatory forces induce the migration of LCs to the lymph nodes, and in return, LCs support the development of immunity to maintain epithelial integrity in a microbiota-independent manner. Unlike in adult life, this bone loss is IL-17-independent, suggesting that the establishment of oral mucosal homeostasis after birth and its maintenance in adult life involve distinct mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Jaber
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yasmine Netanely
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Reem Naamneh
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Or Saar
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel; Department of Periodontology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Khaled Zubeidat
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yasmin Saba
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Olga Georgiev
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Paz Kles
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel; Department of Periodontology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Or Barel
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yael Horev
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel; Department of Periodontology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Omri Yosef
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Israel-Canada Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Luba Eli-Berchoer
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Chen Nadler
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Oral Medicine, Sedation & Maxillofacial Imaging, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gili Betser-Cohen
- Division of Identification and Forensic Science, Police National HQ, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hagit Shapiro
- System Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eran Elinav
- System Immunology Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Microbe & Cancer Division, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Asaf Wilensky
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel; Department of Periodontology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Avi-Hai Hovav
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
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6
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Ladjevac N, Milovanovic M, Jevtovic A, Arsenijevic D, Stojanovic B, Dimitrijevic Stojanovic M, Stojanovic B, Arsenijevic N, Arsenijevic A, Milovanovic J. The Role of IL-17 in the Pathogenesis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9874. [PMID: 37373022 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the inflammatory mechanisms underlying formation and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is crucial for discovering new targeted therapeutics. The proinflammatory cytokine IL-17 has proven roles in tumor formation, growth, and metastasis. The presence of IL-17 is demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo models, and in OSCC patients, is mostly accompanied by enhanced proliferation and invasiveness of cancer cells. Here we review the known facts regarding the role of IL-17 in OSCC pathogenesis, namely the IL-17 mediated production of proinflammatory mediators that mobilize and activate myeloid cells with suppressive and proangiogenic activities and proliferative signals that directly induce proliferation of cancer cells and stem cells. The possibility of a potential IL-17 blockade in OSCC therapy is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevena Ladjevac
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, General Hospital Uzice, 31000 Uzice, Serbia
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marija Milovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Andra Jevtovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dragana Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Bojana Stojanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milica Dimitrijevic Stojanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Bojan Stojanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jelena Milovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Histology end Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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Chen Y, Du J, Liu Y, Luo Z, Guo L, Xu J, Jia L, Liu Y. γδT cells in oral tissue immune surveillance and pathology. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1050030. [PMID: 36703983 PMCID: PMC9871479 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1050030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral mucosa's immune system is composed of tissue-resident and specifically recruited leukocytes that could effectively tolerate a wide range of microbial and mechanical assaults. Shortly after CD4+ helper T cells (TH17 cells) that produce interleukin 17 (IL-17) were identified, it was discovered that γδT cells could also induce substantial levels of this pro-inflammatory cytokine. In the past decades, it has become clear that due to a complicated thymic program of development, γδT cells frequently serve as the primary sources of IL-17 in numerous models of inflammatory diseases while also assisting in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis in the skin and intestine. But it wasn't until recently that we took thorough insight into the complex features of γδT cells in the oral mucosa. Most gingival intraepithelial γδT cells reside in the junctional epithelium adjacent to the dental biofilm, suggesting their potential role in regulating oral microbiota. However, inconsistent results have been published in this regard. Similarly, recent findings showed contradictory data about the role of γδT lymphocytes in experimental periodontitis based on different models. In addition, conflicting findings were presented in terms of alveolar bone physiology and pathology underlying the oral mucosa. This review provided an overview of current knowledge and viewpoints regarding the complex roles played by oral-resident γδT cells in host-microbiota interactions, gingivitis and periodontitis, bone physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Chen
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Du
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yitong Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhua Luo
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijia Guo
- Department of Orthodontics School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junji Xu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Jia
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Lu Jia, ; Yi Liu,
| | - Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Lu Jia, ; Yi Liu,
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8
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Zhang S, Sun L, Sun L, Zhang W, Dong R. Analysis of the effect of zoledronic acid on gene differences in rat jaw. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2022; 123:e687-e693. [PMID: 35390513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the widespread use of bisphosphonates, there are more and more complications about bisphosphonates, bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw is one.In the past ten years, there have been many studies on the mechanism of bisphosphonate associated jaw necrosis. OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence and analysis of zoledronic acid on gene differences in rat jaw. METHODS Six Sprague-Dawley female rats were randomly divided into control group (n = 3) and experimental group (n = 3). The experimental group received zoledronic acid injection for 12 weeks (dose of 0.2 mg / kg, 3 times a week).Control groups were injected with normal saline for 12 weeks. All rats were subjected to left mandibular first molar extraction 12 weeks later.After 8 weeks of tooth extraction, all rats were sacrificed and the mandible was removed.RNA-seq was used to analyze differential gene changes in all mandibles. Bioinformatics analysis of differential genes. RESULTS Compared with the two rat groups, there were 2,830 different genes, including 1,001 upregulated genes and 1,829 down-regulated genes. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that the upregulated genes were mainly associated with immune-related pathways. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis revealed that Hedgehog signaling pathway, Notch signaling pathway and Hippo signaling pathway were associated with upregulated genes. After the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, the Gene Ontology analysis showed that 2559 / 6588 gene sets are upregulated in phenotype experimental group,and 342 gene sets with p <0.05. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed that 95 / 316 gene sets are upregulated in phenotype experimental group, and four gene sets(Notch pathway, other types of O-glycan biosynthesis, ovarian steridogenesis and Hippo pathway) with p <0.05. CONCLUSIONS Changes in differential genes are mainly related to immune-related processes and pathways, and pathways related to bone metabolism. The up-regulation of some genes can promote the progress of Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihan Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tianjin Medical University, Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lijun Sun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tianjin Medical University, Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lili Sun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tianjin Medical University, Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tianjin Medical University, Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin, China.
| | - Rui Dong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tianjin Medical University, Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin, China
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9
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Anderson MK, da Rocha JDB. Direct regulation of TCR rearrangement and expression by E proteins during early T cell development. WIREs Mech Dis 2022; 14:e1578. [PMID: 35848146 PMCID: PMC9669112 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
γδ T cells are widely distributed throughout mucosal and epithelial cell-rich tissues and are an important early source of IL-17 in response to several pathogens. Like αβ T cells, γδ T cells undergo a stepwise process of development in the thymus that requires recombination of genome-encoded segments to assemble mature T cell receptor (TCR) genes. This process is tightly controlled on multiple levels to enable TCR segment assembly while preventing the genomic instability inherent in the double-stranded DNA breaks that occur during this process. Each TCR locus has unique aspects in its structure and requirements, with different types of regulation before and after the αβ/γδ T cell fate choice. It has been known that Runx and Myb are critical transcriptional regulators of TCRγ and TCRδ expression, but the roles of E proteins in TCRγ and TCRδ regulation have been less well explored. Multiple lines of evidence show that E proteins are involved in TCR expression at many different levels, including the regulation of Rag recombinase gene expression and protein stability, induction of germline V segment expression, chromatin remodeling, and restriction of the fetal and adult γδTCR repertoires. Importantly, E proteins interact directly with the cis-regulatory elements of the TCRγ and TCRδ loci, controlling the predisposition of a cell to become an αβ T cell or a γδ T cell, even before the lineage-dictating TCR signaling events. This article is categorized under: Immune System Diseases > Stem Cells and Development Immune System Diseases > Genetics/Genomics/Epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele K Anderson
- Department Immunology, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Oral Microbiota from Periodontitis Promote Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Development via γδ T Cell Activation. mSystems 2022; 7:e0046922. [PMID: 36000726 PMCID: PMC9600543 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00469-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a fatal disease, and periodontitis is associated with OSCC development. However, the pathogenesis in the context of OSCC with periodontitis has not been fully understood. Here, we demonstrated that periodontitis promoted OSCC development, accompanied by alterations in the oral bacterial community and the tumor immune microenvironment. The oral microbiota from periodontitis maintained the dominant position throughout the whole process of OSCC with periodontitis, of which Porphyromonas was the most abundant genus. The oral microbiota from periodontitis could activate interleukin-17-positive (IL-17+) γδ T cells directly. The activated γδ T cells were necessary for the IL-17/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway and promoted M2-tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) infiltration in OSCC proliferation. Our data provide insight into the carcinogenesis of OSCC with periodontitis by outlining the tumor-associated immune response shaped by the oral microbiota from periodontitis. Thus, oral commensal bacteria and IL-17+ γδ T cells might be potential targets for monitoring and treating OSCC. IMPORTANCE The work reveals the role of the oral microbiota from periodontitis in carcinogenesis. Furthermore, our study provides insight into the pathogenesis of OSCC with periodontitis by outlining the tumor-associated immune response shaped by the oral microbiota from periodontitis, which might identify new research and intervention targets for OSCC with periodontitis.
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11
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Ikeuchi T, Moutsopoulos NM. Osteoimmunology in periodontitis; a paradigm for Th17/IL-17 inflammatory bone loss. Bone 2022; 163:116500. [PMID: 35870792 PMCID: PMC10448972 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a prevalent human disease of inflammation-induced bone destruction. Through studies in patient lesions of rare and common forms of periodontitis and animal model experimentation, Th17/IL-17 related immune pathways have emerged as mediators of disease pathology. In this focused review, we examine mechanisms of induction, amplification and pathogenicity of Th17 cells in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Ikeuchi
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, 30 convent Dr, Bldg30, Room 327, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States of America.
| | - Niki M Moutsopoulos
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, 30 convent Dr, Bldg30, Room 327, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States of America.
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12
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Wang Q, Lin W, Zhou X, Lei K, Xu R, Zhang X, Xiong Q, Sheng R, Song W, Liu W, Wang Q, Yuan Q. Single-Cell Transcriptomic Atlas of Gingival Mucosa in Type 2 Diabetes. J Dent Res 2022; 101:1654-1664. [PMID: 35656582 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221092752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral gingival barrier is a constantly stimulated and dynamic environment where homeostasis is often disrupted, resulting in inflammatory periodontal diseases. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been reported to be associated with gingival barrier dysfunction, but the effect and underlying mechanism are inconclusive. Herein, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of gingiva from leptin receptor-deficient mice (db/db) to examine the gingival heterogeneity in the context of T2D. Periodontal health of control mice is characterized by populations of Krt14+-expressing epithelial cells and Col1a1+-fibroblasts mediating immune homeostasis primarily through the enrichment of innate lymphoid cells. The db/db gingiva exhibited decreased epithelial/stromal ratio and dysfunctional barrier. We further observed stromal, particularly fibroblast immune hyperresponsiveness, linked to the recruitment of myeloid-derived cells at the db/db gingiva. Both scRNA-seq and histological analysis suggested the inflammatory signaling between fibroblasts and neutrophils as a potential driver of diabetes-induced periodontal damage. Notably, the "immune-like" stromal cells were wired toward the induction of gingival γδ T hyperresponsiveness in db/db mice. Our work reveals that the "immune-like" fibroblasts with transcriptional diversity are involved in the innate immune homeostasis at the diabetic gingiva. It highlights a potentially significant role of these cell types in its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - W Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - X Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - K Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - R Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - X Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Q Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - R Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - W Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - W Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Q Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Q Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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13
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Lin D, Hu Q, Yang L, Zeng X, Xiao Y, Wang D, Dai W, Lu H, Fang J, Tang Z, Wang Z. The niche-specialist and age-related oral microbial ecosystem: crosstalk with host immune cells in homeostasis. Microb Genom 2022; 8. [PMID: 35731208 PMCID: PMC9455711 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Although characterization of the baseline oral microbiota has been discussed, the current literature seems insufficient to draw a definitive conclusion on the interactions between the microbes themselves or with the host. This study focuses on the spatial and temporal characteristics of the oral microbial ecosystem in a mouse model and its crosstalk with host immune cells in homeostasis. The V3V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene of 20 samples from four niches (tongue, buccal mucosa, keratinized gingiva and hard palate) and 10 samples from two life stages (adult and old) were analysed. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to investigate the resident immune cells. The niche-specialist and age-related communities, characterized based on the microbiota structure, interspecies communications, microbial functions and interactions with immune cells, were addressed. The phylum Firmicutes was the major component in the oral community. The microbial community profiles at the genus level showed that the relative abundances of the genera Bacteroides, Lactobacillus and Porphyromonas were enriched in the gingiva. The abundance of the genera Streptococcus, Faecalibaculum and Veillonella was increased in palatal samples, while the abundance of Neisseria and Bradyrhizobium was enriched in buccal samples. The genera Corynebacterium, Stenotrophomonas, Streptococcus and Fusobacterium were proportionally enriched in old samples, while Prevotella and Lacobacillus were enriched in adult samples. Network analysis showed that the genus Lactobacillus performed as a central node in the buccal module, while in the gingiva module, the central nodes were Nesterenkonia and Hydrogenophilus. FCM showed that the proportion of Th1 cells in the tongue samples (38.18 % [27.03–49.34 %]) (mean [range]) was the highest. The proportion of γδT cells in the buccal mucosa (25.82 % [22.1–29.54 %]) and gingiva (20.42 % [18.31–22.53 %]) samples was higher (P<0.01) than those in the palate (14.18 % [11.69–16.67 %]) and tongue (9.38 % [5.38–13.37 %] samples. The proportion of Th2 (31.3 % [16.16–46.44 %]), Th17 (27.06 % [15.76–38.36 %]) and Treg (29.74 % [15.71–43.77 %]) cells in the old samples was higher than that in the adult samples (P<0.01). Further analysis of the interplays between the microbiomes and immune cells indicated that Th1 cells in the adult group, nd Th2, Th17 and Treg cells in the old group were the main immune factors strongly associated with the oral microbiota. For example, Th2, Th17 and Treg cells showed a significantly positive correlation with age-related microorganisms such as Sphingomonas, Streptococcus and Acinetobacter, while Th1 cells showed a negative correlation. Another positive correlation occurred between Th1 cells and several commensal microbiomes such as Lactobacillus, Jeotgalicoccus and Sporosarcina. Th2, Th17 and Treg cells showed the opposite trend. Together, our findings identify the niche-specialist and age-related characteristics of the oral microbial ecosystem and the potential associations between the microbiomes and the mucosal immune cells, providing critical insights into mucosal microbiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjia Lin
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qiannan Hu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lisa Yang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xian Zeng
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yiwei Xiao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Dikan Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Wenxiao Dai
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Huanzi Lu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Juan Fang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhonghui Tang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
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14
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Xie H, Xie S, Wang M, Wei H, Huang H, Xie A, Li J, Fang C, Shi F, Yang Q, Qi Y, Yin Z, Wang X, Huang J. Properties and Roles of γδT Cells in Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis NSM Infected C57BL/6 Mice. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:788546. [PMID: 35127555 PMCID: PMC8811364 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.788546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many kinds of immune cells are involved in malaria infection. γδT cells represent a special type of immune cell between natural and adaptive immune cells that play critical roles in anti-parasite infection. Methods In this study, malaria infection model was constructed. Distribution of γδT cells in various immune organs and dynamic changes of γδT cells in the spleens of C57BL/6 mice after infection were detected by flow cytometry. And activation status of γδT cells was detected by flow cytometry. Then γδT cells in naive and infected mice were sorted and performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Finally, γδTCR KO mice model was constructed and the effect of γδT cell depletion on mouse T and B cell immunity against Plasmodium infection was explored. Results Here, splenic γδT cells were found to increase significantly on day 14 after Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis NSM infection in C57BL/6 mice. Higher level of CD69, ICOS and PD-1, lower level of CD62L, and decreased IFN-γ producing after stimulation by PMA and ionomycin were found in γδT cells from infected mice, compared with naive mice. Moreover, 11 clusters were identified in γδT cells by scRNA-seq based t-SNE analysis. Cluster 4, 5, and 7 in γδT cells from infected mice were found the expression of numerous genes involved in immune response. In the same time, the GO enrichment analysis revealed that the marker genes in the infection group were involved in innate and adaptive immunity, pathway enrichment analysis identified the marker genes in the infected group shared many key signalling molecules with other cells or against pathogen infection. Furthermore, increased parasitaemia, decreased numbers of RBC and PLT, and increased numbers of WBC were found in the peripheral blood from γδTCR KO mice. Finally, lower IFN-γ and CD69 expressing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, lower B cell percentage and numbers, and less CD69 expressing B cells were found in the spleen from γδTCR KO infected mice, and lower levels of IgG and IgM antibodies in the serum were also observed than WT mice. Conclusions Overall, this study demonstrates the diversity of γδT cells in the spleen of Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis NSM infected C57BL/6 mice at both the protein and RNA levels, and suggests that the expansion of γδT cells in cluster 4, 5 and 7 could promote both cellular and humoral immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shihao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haixia Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - He Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anqi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiajie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feihu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanwei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhinan Yin
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People’s Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xinhua Wang, ; Jun Huang,
| | - Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Immunology, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xinhua Wang, ; Jun Huang,
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15
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Barel O, Aizenbud Y, Tabib Y, Jaber Y, Leibovich A, Horev Y, Zubeidat K, Saba Y, Eli-Berchoer L, Heyman O, Wilensky A, Prinz I, Hovav AH. γδ T Cells Differentially Regulate Bone Loss in Periodontitis Models. J Dent Res 2021; 101:428-436. [PMID: 34715745 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211042830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
γδ T cells are nonclassical T lymphocytes representing the major T-cell population at epithelial barriers. In the gingiva, γδ T cells are enriched in epithelial regions adjacent to the biofilm and are considered to regulate local immunity to maintain host-biofilm homeostatic interactions. This delicate balance is often disrupted resulting in the development of periodontitis. Previous studies in mice lacking γδ T cells from birth (Tcrd-/- mice) examined the impact of these cells on ligature-induced periodontitis. Data obtained from those studies proposed either a protective effect or no impact to γδ T cells in this setting. Here, we addressed the role of γδ T cells in periodontitis using the recently developed Tcrd-GDL mice, enabling temporal ablation of γδ T cells. Specifically, the impact of γδ T cells during periodontitis was examined in 2 modalities: the ligature model and the oral infection model in which the pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis was administrated via successive oral gavages. Ablation of γδ T cells during ligature-induced periodontitis had no impact on innate immune cell recruitment to the ligated gingiva. In addition, the number of osteoclasts and subsequent alveolar bone loss were unaffected. However, γδ T cells play a pathologic role during P. gingivalis infection, and their absence prevented alveolar bone loss. Further analysis revealed that γδ T cells were responsible for the recruitment of neutrophils and monocytes to the gingiva following the exposure to P. gingivalis. γδ T-cell ablation also downregulated osteoclastogenesis and dysregulated long-term immune responses in the gingiva. Collectively, this study demonstrates that whereas γδ T cells are dispensable to periodontitis induced by the ligature model, they play a deleterious role in the oral infection model by facilitating pathogen-induced bone-destructive immune responses. On a broader aspect, this study highlights the complex immunopathologic mechanisms involved in periodontal bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Barel
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Y Aizenbud
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Y Tabib
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Y Jaber
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - A Leibovich
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Y Horev
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - K Zubeidat
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Y Saba
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - L Eli-Berchoer
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - O Heyman
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - A Wilensky
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - I Prinz
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Institute of Systems Immunology, Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - A H Hovav
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
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16
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Zhang W, Gao L, Ren W, Li S, Zheng J, Li S, Jiang C, Yang S, Zhi K. The Role of the Immune Response in the Development of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw. Front Immunol 2021; 12:606043. [PMID: 33717086 PMCID: PMC7947359 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.606043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a rare but serious adverse drug effect. There are multiple hypotheses to explain the development of MRONJ. Reduced bone remodeling and infection or inflammation are considered central to the pathogenesis of MRONJ. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that bisphosphonates (BPs)-mediated immunity dysfunction is associated with the pathophysiology of MRONJ. In a healthy state, mucosal immunity provides the first line of protection against pathogens and oral mucosal immune cells defense against potentially invading pathogens by mediating the generation of protective immunoinflammatory responses. In addition, the immune system takes part in the process of bone remodeling and tissue repair. However, the treatment of BPs disturbs the mucosal and osteo immune homeostasis and thus impairs the body's ability to resist infection and repair from injury, thereby adding to the development of MRONJ. Here, we present the current knowledge about immunity dysfunction to shed light on the role of local immune disorder in the development of MRONJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,School of Stomatology of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenhao Ren
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shaoming Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingjing Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Oral Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Endodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shasha Li
- Department of Stomatology, Binzhou People'Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Chunmiao Jiang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuying Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Keqian Zhi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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17
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Recognition of Candida albicans and Role of Innate Type 17 Immunity in Oral Candidiasis. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8091340. [PMID: 32887412 PMCID: PMC7563233 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus considered to be a common member of the human microflora. Similar to some other opportunistic microbes, C. albicans can invade and benefit from its host when the immune status of that host is weakened. Most often this happens to immunocompromised individuals, leading to the infection of oral and vaginal mucosae or the systemic spread of the pathogen throughout the entire body. Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) occurs in up to 90 percent of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), making it the most frequent opportunistic infection for this group. Upon first signs of fungal invasion, a range of host signaling activates in order to eliminate the threat. Epithelial and myeloid type cells detect C. albicans mainly through receptor tyrosine kinases and pattern-recognition receptors. This review provides an overview of downstream signaling resulting in an adequate immune response through the activation of various transcription factors. The study discusses recent advances in research of the interleukin-17 (IL-17) producing innate cells, including natural T helper 17 (nTh17) cells, γδ T cells, invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) that are involved in response to oral C. albicans infections.
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18
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Papathanasiou E, Conti P, Carinci F, Lauritano D, Theoharides TC. IL-1 Superfamily Members and Periodontal Diseases. J Dent Res 2020; 99:1425-1434. [PMID: 32758110 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520945209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a complex, multifactorial chronic disease involving continuous interactions among bacteria, host immune/inflammatory responses, and modifying genetic and environmental factors. More than any other cytokine family, the interleukin (IL)-1 family includes key signaling molecules that trigger and perpetuate periodontal inflammation. Over the years, the IL-1 family expanded to include 11 members of cytokines, some with agonist activity (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-33, IL-36α, IL-36β, and IL-36γ), receptor antagonists (IL-1Ra, IL-36Ra), and 2 anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-37, IL-38). The IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) has emerged as a pivotal player in the defense against periodontitis. IL-33 primarily induces the production of Th2-associated cytokines but acts as an "alarmin" via stimulation of mast cells. The IL-36 subclass of cytokines may be important in regulating mucosal inflammation and homeostasis. IL-37 suppresses innate and acquired immune responses. IL-38 is the most recent member of the IL-1 superfamily and has anti-inflammatory properties similar to those of IL-37 but through different receptors. However, limited evidence exists regarding the role of IL-37 and IL-38 in periodontitis. Despite the development of IL-1 blocking agents, therapeutic blockade of select IL-1 family members for periodontitis has only been partially investigated in preclinical and clinical research, while the development of IL-37 and IL-38 as novel anti-inflammatory drugs has not been considered adequately. Here, we review the key properties of the IL-1 family members and provide insights into targeting or promoting select cytokines as new therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Papathanasiou
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - P Conti
- Immunology Division, Postgraduate Medical School, University of Chieti, Pescara, Italy
| | - F Carinci
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - D Lauritano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Centre of Neuroscience of Milan, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - T C Theoharides
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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