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Zhang H, Muhetarijiang M, Chen RJ, Hu X, Han J, Zheng L, Chen T. Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Roadmap for Understanding and Tackling Cardiovascular Aging. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0058. [PMID: 38739929 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular aging is a progressive remodeling process constituting a variety of cellular and molecular alterations that are closely linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, gaining a deeper understanding of the changes in mitochondrial function during cardiovascular aging is crucial for preventing cardiovascular diseases. Cardiac aging is accompanied by fibrosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, metabolic changes, and infiltration of immune cells, collectively contributing to the overall remodeling of the heart. Similarly, during vascular aging, there is a profound remodeling of blood vessel structure. These remodeling present damage to endothelial cells, increased vascular stiffness, impaired formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis), the development of arteriosclerosis, and chronic vascular inflammation. This review underscores the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiac aging, exploring its impact on fibrosis and myocardial alterations, metabolic remodeling, immune response remodeling, as well as in vascular aging in the heart. Additionally, we emphasize the significance of mitochondria-targeted therapies in preventing cardiovascular diseases in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mairedan Muhetarijiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ryan J Chen
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaosheng Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Han
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangrong Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated First Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Sarabi MS, Ma SJ, Jann K, Ringman JM, Wang DJJ, Shi Y. Vessel density mapping of small cerebral vessels on 3D high resolution black blood MRI. Neuroimage 2024; 286:120504. [PMID: 38216104 PMCID: PMC10834860 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Small cerebral blood vessels are largely inaccessible to existing clinical in vivo imaging technologies. This study aims to present a novel analysis pipeline for vessel density mapping of small cerebral blood vessels from high-resolution 3D black-blood MRI at 3T. Twenty-eight subjects (10 under 35 years old, 18 over 60 years old) were imaged with the T1-weighted turbo spin-echo with variable flip angles (T1w TSE-VFA) sequence optimized for black-blood small vessel imaging with iso-0.5 mm spatial resolution (interpolated from 0.51×0.51×0.64 mm3) at 3T. Hessian-based vessel segmentation methods (Jerman, Frangi and Sato filter) were evaluated by vessel landmarks and manual annotation of lenticulostriate arteries (LSAs). Using optimized vessel segmentation, large vessel pruning and non-linear registration, a semiautomatic pipeline was proposed for quantification of small vessel density across brain regions and further for localized detection of small vessel changes across populations. Voxel-level statistics was performed to compare vessel density between two age groups. Additionally, local vessel density of aged subjects was correlated with their corresponding gross cognitive and executive function (EF) scores using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and EF composite scores compiled with Item Response Theory (IRT). Jerman filter showed better performance for vessel segmentation than Frangi and Sato filter which was employed in our pipeline. Small cerebral blood vessels including small artery, arterioles, small veins, and venules on the order of a few hundred microns can be delineated using the proposed analysis pipeline on 3D black-blood MRI at 3T. The mean vessel density across brain regions was significantly higher in young subjects compared to aged subjects. In the aged subjects, localized vessel density was positively correlated with MoCA and IRT EF scores. The proposed pipeline is able to segment, quantify, and detect localized differences in vessel density of small cerebral blood vessels based on 3D high-resolution black-blood MRI. This framework may serve as a tool for localized detection of small vessel density changes in normal aging and cerebral small vessel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Sharifi Sarabi
- USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2025 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Samantha J Ma
- Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kay Jann
- USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2025 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - John M Ringman
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Danny J J Wang
- USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2025 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yonggang Shi
- USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2025 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
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Zhao H, Fan S, Sun J. Delayed Wound Healing in the Elderly and a New Therapeutic Target: CD271. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:316-323. [PMID: 37016526 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x18666230403083603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
With the development of society, the global population is showing a trend of aging. It is well known that age is one of the factors affecting wound healing. Aging compromises the normal physiological process of wound healing, such as the change of skin structure, the decrease of growth factors, the deceleration of cell proliferation, and the weakening of migration ability, hence delaying wound healing. At present, research in adult stem cell-related technology and its derived regenerative medicine provides a novel idea for the treatment of senile wounds. Studies have confirmed that CD271 (P75 neurotropism receptor/P75NTR)-positive cells (CD271+ cells) are a kind of stem cells with a stronger ability of proliferation, differentiation, migration and secretion than CD271 negative (CD271- cells). Meanwhile, the total amount and distribution of CD271 positive cells in different ages of skin are also different, which may be related to the delayed wound healing of aging skin. Therefore, this article reviews the relationship between CD271+ cells and senile wounds and discusses a new scheme for the treatment of senile wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqing Zhao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning Province, China
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Sirui Fan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jiachen Sun
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
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Chhabra J, Chopra H, Pahwa R, Raina N, Wadhwa K, Saini S, Negi P, Gupta M, Singh I, Dureja H, Emran TB. Potential of nanoemulsions for accelerated wound healing: innovative strategies. Int J Surg 2023; 109:2365-2377. [PMID: 37158143 PMCID: PMC10442146 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000000460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Wounds represent various significant health concerns for patients and also contribute major costs to healthcare systems. Wound healing comprises of overlapped and various coordinated steps such as homeostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. In response to the failure of many strategies in delivering intended results including wound closure, fluid loss control, and exhibiting properties such as durability, targeted delivery, accelerated action, along with histocompatibility, numerous nanotechnological advances have been introduced. To understand the magnitude of wound therapy, this systematic and updated review discussing the effectiveness of nanoemulsions has been undertaken. This review portrays mechanisms associated with wound healing, factors for delayed wound healing, and various technologies utilized to treat wounds effectively. While many strategies are available, nanoemulsions have attracted the tremendous attention of scientists globally for the research in wound therapy due to their long-term thermodynamic stability and bioavailability. Nanoemulsions not only aid in tissue repair, but are also considered as an excellent delivery system for various synthetic and natural actives. Nanotechnology provides several pivotal benefits in wound healing, including improved skin permeation, controlled release, and stimulation of fibroblast cell proliferation. The significant role of nanoemulsions in improved wound healing along with their preparation techniques has also been highlighted with special emphasis on mechanistic insights. This article illustrates recent research advancements for the utilization of nanoemulsions in wound treatment. An adequate literature search has been conducted using the keywords 'Nanoemulsions in wound healing', 'Wound therapy and nanoemulsions', 'Herbal actives in wound therapy', 'Natural oils and wounds treatment' etc., from PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. Referred and original publications in the English language accessed till April 2022 has been included, whereas nonEnglish language papers, unpublished data, and nonoriginal papers were excluded from the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jatin Chhabra
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra
| | - Hitesh Chopra
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Rakesh Pahwa
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra
| | - Neha Raina
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research University, New Delhi
| | - Karan Wadhwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana
| | - Swati Saini
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra
| | - Poonam Negi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Madhu Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research University, New Delhi
| | - Inderbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Zhang J, Li C, Zhang Y, Wu J, Huang Z. Therapeutic potential of nitric oxide in vascular aging due to the promotion of angiogenesis. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:395-407. [PMID: 37062588 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
The decrease in angiogenesis that occurs with aging significantly contributes to the higher incidence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases among the elderly. This decline in angiogenesis becomes more pronounced with increasing age and is closely linked to abnormal function and senescence of endothelial cells. Enhancing angiogenesis in aging and targeting senescent endothelial cells have gained considerable attention. Nitric oxide (NO) has been thoroughly investigated for its function in regulating angiogenesis and is an important factor that can counteract endothelial cell senescence. This review summarizes the mechanisms of reduced angiogenesis during aging and therapeutic strategies targeting senescent cells. We also discuss the potential of combining the current approaches with NO in promoting angiogenesis in aging vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cunrui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianbing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhangjian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, China
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Rezk M, Grasegger L, Hamzic E, Enengl S, Altmann R, Stelzl P, Oppelt P, Arbeithuber B. Effects of age on the diagnostic value of the soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1/ placental growth factor ratio in preeclampsia: a retrospective cohort study. J Hypertens 2023; 41:1258-1264. [PMID: 37115818 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Measurement of the ratio between soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) and placental growth factor (PlGF) supports the diagnosis of preeclampsia. sFlt-1/PlGF ratios of at least 85 and at least 110 have previously been suggested for diagnosis of early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia, respectively. However, angiogenic and antiangiogenic factors change throughout the process of aging, potentially influencing preeclampsia diagnosis. In this study, we therefore evaluated in detail the effect of maternal age on sFlt-1/PlGF ratios. METHODS A total of 2775 pregnant female patients were included in this retrospective cohort study, spread across three maternal age groups: 18-25 years, 26-35 years, and more than 35 years at delivery. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was employed to evaluate sFlt-1/PlGF ratio cutoffs for use in preeclampsia diagnosis. RESULTS Controls (2462 pregnant women) showed a significant difference in sFlt-1/PlGF ratios between the youngest and oldest age groups, which resulted in differences in the best-performing sFlt-1/PlGF ratio cutoffs: optimized cutoffs were 143.4 (52.9%, 98.2%), 8.6 (84.4%, 75.3%), and 22.9 (78.6%, 82.3%) in early-onset preeclampsia, and 46.4 (67.5%, 81.5%), 40.8 (77.3%, 73%), and 44.1 (65.1%, 74.5%) in late-onset preeclampsia in age groups, 1, 2, and 3, respectively. CONCLUSION sFlt-1/PlGF ratios change with maternal age, which has important clinical implications for their use in the diagnosis of preeclampsia: Better differentiated sFlt-1/PlGF cutoffs should be used that take maternal and gestational age into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Rezk
- Experimental Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Endocrinology
| | - Linda Grasegger
- Experimental Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Endocrinology
| | - Esma Hamzic
- Experimental Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Endocrinology
| | - Sabine Enengl
- Department for Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Kepler University Hospital Linz, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Reinhard Altmann
- Department for Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Kepler University Hospital Linz, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Patrick Stelzl
- Department for Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Kepler University Hospital Linz, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Peter Oppelt
- Department for Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Kepler University Hospital Linz, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
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Sarabi MS, Ma SJ, Jann K, Ringman JM, Wang DJJ, Shi Y. Vessel Density Mapping of Cerebral Small Vessels on 3D High Resolution Black Blood MRI. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.18.533300. [PMID: 36993509 PMCID: PMC10055197 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.18.533300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral small vessels are largely inaccessible to existing clinical in vivo imaging technologies. This study aims to present a novel analysis pipeline for vessel density mapping of cerebral small vessels from high-resolution 3D black-blood MRI at 3T. Twenty-eight subjects (10 under 35 years old, 18 over 60 years old) were imaged with the T1-weighted turbo spin-echo with variable flip angles (T1w TSE-VFA) sequence optimized for black-blood small vessel imaging with iso-0.5mm spatial resolution at 3T. Hessian-based vessel segmentation methods (Jerman, Frangi and Sato filter) were evaluated by vessel landmarks and manual annotation of lenticulostriate arteries (LSAs). Using optimized vessel segmentation, large vessel pruning and non-linear registration, a semiautomatic pipeline was proposed for quantification of small vessel density across brain regions and further for localized detection of small vessel changes across populations. Voxel-level statistics was performed to compare vessel density between two age groups. Additionally, local vessel density of aged subjects was correlated with their corresponding gross cognitive and executive function (EF) scores using Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and EF composite scores compiled with Item Response Theory (IRT). Jerman filter showed better performance for vessel segmentation than Frangi and Sato filter which was employed in our pipeline. Cerebral small vessels on the order of a few hundred microns can be delineated using the proposed analysis pipeline on 3D black-blood MRI at 3T. The mean vessel density across brain regions was significantly higher in young subjects compared to aged subjects. In the aged subjects, localized vessel density was positively correlated with MoCA and IRT EF scores. The proposed pipeline is able to segment, quantify, and detect localized differences in vessel density of cerebral small vessels based on 3D high-resolution black-blood MRI. This framework may serve as a tool for localized detection of small vessel density changes in normal aging and cerebral small vessel disease.
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Pelegrin ÁF, de Paiva Gonçalves V, Carvalho JDS, Spolidorio DMP, Spolidorio LC. Testosterone replacement relieves ligature-induced periodontitis by mitigating inflammation, increasing pro-resolving markers and promoting angiogenesis in rats: A preclinical study. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 146:105605. [PMID: 36521281 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the inflammatory profile as well as the resolution of inflammation in a ligature-induced periodontal inflammation in rats with depletion and/or supraphysiological testosterone replacement. DESIGN Sixty male rats (Holtzman) were used in the present study. Study groups were created as following: (1) Sham (no testicle removal); (2) Orchiectomy (OCX), 3) OCX + Testosterone (OCX + T); (4) Sham + Ligature (SH + L); (5) OCX+L; and 6) OCX + T + L. The surgeries were performed on day 1, and testosterone was administered weekly since day 1. On day 15, a cotton ligature was placed around the lower first molars and maintained for 15 days. Morphological changes in periodontal tissues were determined by histopathological analysis. Immunohistochemistry (factor VIII) and immunoenzymatic assay were performed to evaluate angiogenesis process and (pro- and anti-) inflammatory markers, respectively. RESULTS Ligature promoted a marked inflammatory gingival infiltrate and bone loss (P < 0.05). Supraphysiological testosterone treatment increased the percentage of blood vessels, extracellular matrix and fibroblasts in the presence and absence of periodontal inflammation (P < 0.05). A high dose of testosterone increased factor VIII+ blood vessels and IL-10 expression in inflamed gingival tissue, while PGE2, LXA4 and MPO were reduced as a result of supraphysiological testosterone administration (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results, in our experimental model, suggest that supraphysiological testosterone treatment stimulated gingival tissue repair during ligature-induced periodontitis, and it seems to be related to an anti-inflammatory and pro-resolutive mechanism resulting by the modulatory effect on PGE2 and IL-10 related to an enhanced angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Formoso Pelegrin
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 1680 Humaitá St., - Center, 14801-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Vinícius de Paiva Gonçalves
- Department of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, 500 Dom José Gaspar Avenue, - Coração Eucarístico, 30535-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Jhonatan de Souza Carvalho
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 1680 Humaitá St., - Center, 14801-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Denise Madalena Palomari Spolidorio
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 1680 Humaitá St., - Center, 14801-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Luís Carlos Spolidorio
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, 1680 Humaitá St., - Center, 14801-903, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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Bickel MA, Csik B, Gulej R, Ungvari A, Nyul-Toth A, Conley SM. Cell non-autonomous regulation of cerebrovascular aging processes by the somatotropic axis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1087053. [PMID: 36755922 PMCID: PMC9900125 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1087053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related cerebrovascular pathologies, ranging from cerebromicrovascular functional and structural alterations to large vessel atherosclerosis, promote the genesis of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) and exacerbate Alzheimer's disease. Recent advances in geroscience, including results from studies on heterochronic parabiosis models, reinforce the hypothesis that cell non-autonomous mechanisms play a key role in regulating cerebrovascular aging processes. Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) exert multifaceted vasoprotective effects and production of both hormones is significantly reduced in aging. This brief overview focuses on the role of age-related GH/IGF-1 deficiency in the development of cerebrovascular pathologies and VCID. It explores the mechanistic links among alterations in the somatotropic axis, specific macrovascular and microvascular pathologies (including capillary rarefaction, microhemorrhages, impaired endothelial regulation of cerebral blood flow, disruption of the blood brain barrier, decreased neurovascular coupling, and atherogenesis) and cognitive impairment. Improved understanding of cell non-autonomous mechanisms of vascular aging is crucial to identify targets for intervention to promote cerebrovascular and brain health in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa A. Bickel
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Boglarka Csik
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Rafal Gulej
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Anna Ungvari
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adam Nyul-Toth
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- International Training Program in Geroscience, Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Lorand Research Network (ELKH), Szeged, Hungary
| | - Shannon M. Conley
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
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10
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Role of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Frailty. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032139. [PMID: 36768461 PMCID: PMC9916666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Frailty is a clinical condition closely related to aging which is characterized by a multidimensional decline in biological reserves, a failure of physiological mechanisms and vulnerability to minor stressors. Chronic inflammation, the impairment of endothelial function, age-related endocrine system modifications and immunosenescence are important mechanisms in the pathophysiology of frailty. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are considered important contributors of the endothelium homeostasis and turn-over. In the elderly, EPCs are impaired in terms of function, number and survival. In addition, the modification of EPCs' level and function has been widely demonstrated in atherosclerosis, hypertension and diabetes mellitus, which are the most common age-related diseases. The purpose of this review is to illustrate the role of EPCs in frailty. Initially, we describe the endothelial dysfunction in frailty, the response of EPCs to the endothelial dysfunction associated with frailty and, finally, interventions which may restore the EPCs expression and function in frail people.
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11
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Pacinella G, Ciaccio AM, Tuttolomondo A. Endothelial Dysfunction and Chronic Inflammation: The Cornerstones of Vascular Alterations in Age-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415722. [PMID: 36555364 PMCID: PMC9779461 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular diseases of the elderly are a topic of enormous interest in clinical practice, as they have great epidemiological significance and lead to ever-increasing healthcare expenditures. The mechanisms underlying these pathologies have been increasingly characterized over the years. It has emerged that endothelial dysfunction and chronic inflammation play a diriment role among the most relevant pathophysiological mechanisms. As one can easily imagine, various processes occur during aging, and several pathways undergo irreversible alterations that can promote the decline and aberrations that trigger the diseases above. Endothelial dysfunction and aging of circulating and resident cells are the main characteristics of the aged organism; they represent the framework within which an enormous array of molecular abnormalities occur and contribute to accelerating and perpetuating the decline of organs and tissues. Recognizing and detailing each of these dysfunctional pathways is helpful for therapeutic purposes, as it allows one to hypothesize the possibility of tailoring interventions to the damaged mechanism and hypothetically limiting the cascade of events that drive the onset of these diseases. With this paper, we have reviewed the scientific literature, analysing the pathophysiological basis of the vascular diseases of the elderly and pausing to reflect on attempts to interrupt the vicious cycle that connotes the diseases of aging, laying the groundwork for therapeutic reasoning and expanding the field of scientific research by moving from a solid foundation.
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12
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Hedjazi G, Guterman-Ram G, Blouin S, Schemenz V, Wagermaier W, Fratzl P, Hartmann MA, Zwerina J, Fratzl-Zelman N, Marini JC. Alterations of bone material properties in growing Ifitm5/BRIL p.S42 knock-in mice, a new model for atypical type VI osteogenesis imperfecta. Bone 2022; 162:116451. [PMID: 35654352 PMCID: PMC11162744 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heterogenous group of heritable connective tissue disorders characterized by high bone fragility due to low bone mass and impaired bone material properties. Atypical type VI OI is an extremely rare and severe form of bone dysplasia resulting from a loss-of-function mutation (p.S40L) in IFITM5/BRIL,the causative gene of OI type V and decreased osteoblast secretion of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), as in OI type VI. It is not yet known which alterations at the material level might lead to such a severe phenotype. We therefore characterized bone tissue at the micrometer level in a novel heterozygous Ifitm5/BRIL p.S42L knock-in murine model at 4 and 8 weeks of age. METHODS We evaluated in female mice, total body size, femoral and lumbar bone mineral density (BMD) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. In the femoral bone we examined osteoid deposition by light microscopy, assessed bone histomorphometry and mineralization density distribution by quantitative backscattered electron imaging (qBEI). Osteocyte lacunae were examined by qBEI and the osteocyte lacuno-canalicular network by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Vasculature was examined indirectly by qBEI as 2D porosity in cortex, and as 3D porosity by micro-CT in third trochanter. Collagen orientation was examined by second harmonic generation microscopy. Two-way ANOVA was used to discriminate the effect of age and genotype. RESULTS Ifitm5/BRIL p.S42L female mice are viable, do not differ in body size, fat and lean mass from wild type (WT) littermates but have lower whole-body, lumbar and femoral BMD and multiple fractures. The average and most frequent calcium concentration, CaMean and CaPeak, increased with age in metaphyseal and cortical bone in both genotypes and were always higher in Ifitm5/BRIL p.S42L than in WT, except CaMean in metaphysis at 4 weeks of age. The fraction of highly mineralized bone area, CaHigh, was also increased in Ifitm5/BRIL p.S42L metaphyseal bone at 8 weeks of age and at both ages in cortical bone. The fraction of lowly mineralized bone area, CaLow, decreased with age and was not higher in Ifitm5/BRIL p.S42L, consistent with lack of hyperosteoidosis on histological sections by visual exam. Osteocyte lacunae density was higher in Ifitm5/BRIL p.S42L than WT, whereas canalicular density was decreased. Indirect measurements of vascularity revealed a higher pore density at 4 weeks in cortical bone of Ifitm5/BRIL p.S42L than in WT and at both ages in the third trochanter. Importantly, the proportion of bone area with disordered collagen fibrils was highly increased in Ifitm5/BRIL p.S42L at both ages. CONCLUSIONS Despite normal skeletal growth and the lack of a collagen gene mutation, the Ifitm5/BRIL p.S42L mouse shows major OI-related bone tissue alterations such as hypermineralization of the matrix and elevated osteocyte porosity. Together with the disordered lacuno-canalicular network and the disordered collagen fibril orientation, these abnormalities likely contribute to overall bone fragility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Hedjazi
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Heinrich Collin Strasse 30, 1140 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gali Guterman-Ram
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Stéphane Blouin
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Heinrich Collin Strasse 30, 1140 Vienna, Austria; Vienna Bone and Growth Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Victoria Schemenz
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wagermaier
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter Fratzl
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomaterials, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Markus A Hartmann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Heinrich Collin Strasse 30, 1140 Vienna, Austria; Vienna Bone and Growth Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jochen Zwerina
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Heinrich Collin Strasse 30, 1140 Vienna, Austria; Vienna Bone and Growth Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadja Fratzl-Zelman
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at the Hanusch Hospital of OEGK and AUVA Trauma Centre Meidling, 1st Medical Department Hanusch Hospital, Heinrich Collin Strasse 30, 1140 Vienna, Austria; Vienna Bone and Growth Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Joan C Marini
- Section on Heritable Disorders of Bone and Extracellular Matrix, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, USA.
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Effects of lifelong spontaneous exercise on skeletal muscle and angiogenesis in super-aged mice. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263457. [PMID: 35976884 PMCID: PMC9384990 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been an increasing awareness of sarcopenia, which is characterized by a concomitant decrease in skeletal muscle mass and quality due to aging. Resistance exercise is considered more effective than aerobic exercise in terms of therapeutic exercise. To confirm the effect of long-term aerobic exercise in preventing sarcopenia, we evaluated the skeletal muscle mass, quality, and angiogenic capacity of super-aged mice that had undergone lifelong spontaneous exercise (LSE) through various experiments. Our findings show that LSE could maintain skeletal muscle mass, quality, and fitness levels in super-aged mice. In addition, ex vivo experiments showed that the angiogenic capacity was maintained at a high level. However, these results were not consistent with the related changes in the expression of genes and/or proteins involved in protein synthesis or angiogenesis. Based on the results of previous studies, it seems certain that the expression at the molecular level does not represent the phenotypes of skeletal muscle and angiogenesis. This is because aging and long-term exercise are variables that can affect both protein synthesis and the expression patterns of angiogenesis-related genes and proteins. Therefore, in aging and exercise-related research, various physical fitness and angiogenesis variables and phenotypes should be analyzed. In conclusion, LSE appears to maintain the potential of angiogenesis and slow the aging process to maintain skeletal muscle mass and quality. Aerobic exercise may thus be effective for the prevention of sarcopenia.
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14
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Qiu J, Chen R, Zhao L, Lian C, Liu Z, Zhu X, Cui J, Wang S, Wang M, Huang Y, Wang S, Wang J. Circular RNA circGSE1 promotes angiogenesis in ageing mice by targeting the miR-323-5p/NRP1 axis. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:3049-3069. [PMID: 35366240 PMCID: PMC9037273 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Age is an important factor in many cardiovascular diseases, in which endothelial cells (ECs) play an important role. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported in many cardiovascular diseases, but their role in ageing EC-related angiogenesis is unclear. We aimed to identify a functional circRNA that regulates angiogenesis during ageing and explore its specific mechanism. In this study, we searched for differentially expressed circRNAs in old endothelial cells (OECs) and young endothelial cells (YECs) by circRNA sequencing and found that circGSE1 was significantly downregulated in OECs. Our study showed that circGSE1 could promote the proliferation, migration and tube formation of OECs in vitro. In a mouse model of femoral artery ligation and ischemia, circGSE1 promoted blood flow recovery and angiogenesis in the ischemic limbs of ageing mice. Mechanistically, we found that overexpressing circGSE1 reduced miR-323-5p expression, increased neuropilin-1 (NRP1) expression, and promoted proliferation, migration, and tube formation in OECs, while knocking down circGSE1 increased miR-323-5p expression, reduced NRP1 expression, and inhibited proliferation, migration, and tube formation in YECs. During EC ageing, circGSE1 may act through the miR-323-5p/NRP1 axis and promote endothelial angiogenesis in mice. Finally, the circGSE1/miR-323-5p/NRP1 axis could serve as a potential and promising therapeutic target for angiogenesis during ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacong Qiu
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Rencong Chen
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Chong Lian
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology Laboratory, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin Cui
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Siwen Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingshan Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingxiong Huang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Shenming Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinsong Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
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15
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Increasing Vascular Response to Injury Improves Tendon Early Healing Outcome in Aged Rats. Ann Biomed Eng 2022; 50:587-600. [PMID: 35303172 PMCID: PMC9107615 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-022-02948-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Tendon injuries positively correlate with patient age, as aging has significant effects on tendon homeostatic maintenance and healing potential after injury. Vascularity is also influenced by age, with both clinical and animal studies demonstrating reduced blood flow in aged tissues. However, it is unknown how aging effects vascularity following tendon injury, and if this vascular response can be modulated through the delivery of angiogenic factors. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the vascular response following Achilles tendon injury in adult and aged rats, and to define the alterations to tendon healing in an aged model following injection of angiogenic factors. It was determined that aged rat Achilles tendons have a reduced angiogenesis following injury. Further, the delivery of vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF, caused an increase in vascular response to tendon injury and improved mechanical outcome in this aged population. This work suggests that reduced angiogenic potential with aging may be contributing to impaired tendon healing response and that the delivery of angiogenic factors can rescue this impaired response. This study was also the first to relate changes in vascular response in an aged model using in vivo measures of blood perfusion to alterations in healing properties.
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16
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Endothelial Progenitor Cells: An Appraisal of Relevant Data from Bench to Bedside. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312874. [PMID: 34884679 PMCID: PMC8657735 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) into circulation from bone marrow is well known to be present in several clinical settings, including acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, diabetes and peripheral vascular disease. The aim of this review was to explore the current literature focusing on the great opportunity that EPCs can have in terms of regenerative medicine.
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17
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Yu J, Du Q, Hu M, Zhang J, Chen J. Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Moyamoya Disease: Current Situation and Controversial Issues. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720913259. [PMID: 32193953 PMCID: PMC7444216 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720913259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the lack of animal models and difficulty in obtaining specimens, the study of pathogenesis of moyamoya disease (MMD) almost stagnated. In recent years, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have attracted more and more attention in vascular diseases due to their important role in neovascularization. With the aid of paradigms and methods in cardiovascular diseases research, people began to explore the role of EPCs in the processing of MMD. In the past decade, studies have shown that abnormalities in cell amounts and functions of EPCs were closely related to the vascular pathological changes in MMD. However, the lack of consistent criteria, such as isolation, cultivation, and identification standards, is also blocking the way forward. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the current situation and controversial issues relevant to studies about EPCs in the pathogenesis and etiology of MMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Du
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Miao Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianjian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jincao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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18
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Frimpong A, Amponsah J, Agyemang D, Adjokatseh AS, Eyiah-Ampah S, Ennuson NA, Obiri D, Amoah LE, Kusi KA. Elevated Levels of the Endothelial Molecules ICAM-1, VEGF-A, and VEGFR2 in Microscopic Asymptomatic Malaria. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021; 8:ofab302. [PMID: 34277886 PMCID: PMC8279097 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In malaria, clinical disease has been associated with increased levels of endothelial activation due to the sequestration of infected erythrocytes. However, the levels and impact of endothelial activation and pro-angiogenic molecules such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)–A and its receptor vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) in asymptomatic malaria have not been well characterized. Methods Blood samples were obtained from community children for malaria diagnosis using microscopy and polymerase chain reaction. A multiplex immunoassay was used to determine the levels of intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)–1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)–A, and VEGFR2 in the plasma of children with microscopic or submicroscopic asymptomatic parasitemia and compared with levels in uninfected controls. Results Levels of ICAM-1, VEGF-A, and VEGFR2 were significantly increased in children with microscopic asymptomatic parasitemia compared with uninfected controls. Also, levels of VEGF-A were found to be inversely associated with age. Additionally, a receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that plasma levels of ICAM-1 (area under the curve [AUC], 0.72) showed a moderate potential in discriminating between children with microscopic malaria from uninfected controls when compared with VEGF-A (AUC, 0.67) and VEGFR2 (AUC, 0.69). Conclusions These data imply that endothelial activation and pro-angiogenic growth factors could be one of the early host responders during microscopic asymptomatic malaria and may play a significant role in disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustina Frimpong
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Jones Amponsah
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Dorothy Agyemang
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences,University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Abigail Sena Adjokatseh
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences,University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Sophia Eyiah-Ampah
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Nana Aba Ennuson
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Dorotheah Obiri
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Linda Eva Amoah
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kwadwo Asamoah Kusi
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.,Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Basic and Applied Sciences,University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.,West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
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Aberdeen H, Battles K, Taylor A, Garner-Donald J, Davis-Wilson A, Rogers BT, Cavalier C, Williams ED. The Aging Vasculature: Glucose Tolerance, Hypoglycemia and the Role of the Serum Response Factor. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2021; 8:58. [PMID: 34067715 PMCID: PMC8156687 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd8050058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The fastest growing demographic in the U.S. at the present time is those aged 65 years and older. Accompanying advancing age are a myriad of physiological changes in which reserve capacity is diminished and homeostatic control attenuates. One facet of homeostatic control lost with advancing age is glucose tolerance. Nowhere is this more accentuated than in the high proportion of older Americans who are diabetic. Coupled with advancing age, diabetes predisposes affected subjects to the onset and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In the treatment of type 2 diabetes, hypoglycemic episodes are a frequent clinical manifestation, which often result in more severe pathological outcomes compared to those observed in cases of insulin resistance, including premature appearance of biomarkers of senescence. Unfortunately, molecular mechanisms of hypoglycemia remain unclear and the subject of much debate. In this review, the molecular basis of the aging vasculature (endothelium) and how glycemic flux drives the appearance of cardiovascular lesions and injury are discussed. Further, we review the potential role of the serum response factor (SRF) in driving glycemic flux-related cellular signaling through its association with various proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel Aberdeen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Baptist Health Sciences University, Memphis, TN 38103, USA; or
| | - Kaela Battles
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA; (K.B.); (A.T.); (J.G.-D.); (A.D.-W.); (B.T.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Ariana Taylor
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA; (K.B.); (A.T.); (J.G.-D.); (A.D.-W.); (B.T.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Jeranae Garner-Donald
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA; (K.B.); (A.T.); (J.G.-D.); (A.D.-W.); (B.T.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Ana Davis-Wilson
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA; (K.B.); (A.T.); (J.G.-D.); (A.D.-W.); (B.T.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Bryan T. Rogers
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA; (K.B.); (A.T.); (J.G.-D.); (A.D.-W.); (B.T.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Candice Cavalier
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA; (K.B.); (A.T.); (J.G.-D.); (A.D.-W.); (B.T.R.); (C.C.)
| | - Emmanuel D. Williams
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA; (K.B.); (A.T.); (J.G.-D.); (A.D.-W.); (B.T.R.); (C.C.)
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20
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Lian C, Zhao L, Qiu J, Wang Y, Chen R, Liu Z, Cui J, Zhu X, Wen X, Wang S, Wang J. miR-25-3p promotes endothelial cell angiogenesis in aging mice via TULA-2/SYK/VEGFR-2 downregulation. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:22599-22613. [PMID: 33201836 PMCID: PMC7746355 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In aging, the regulation of angiogenesis is a dynamic and complex process. We aimed to identify and characterize microRNAs that regulate angiogenesis during aging. We showed that, in response to vascular endothelial senescence, microRNA-25-3p (miR-25-3p) plays the role of an angiogenic microRNA by targeting TULA-2 (T-cell ubiquitin ligand-2)/SYK (spleen tyrosine kinase)/VEGFR-2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2) signaling in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that miR-25-3p inhibits a TULA-2/SYK/VEGFR-2 signaling pathway in endothelial cells. In old endothelial cells (OECs), upregulation of miR-25-3p inhibited the expression of TULA-2, which caused downregulation of the interaction between TULA-2 and SYK and increased phosphorylation of SYK Y323. The increased SYK Y323 phosphorylation level upregulated the phosphorylation of VEGFR-2 Y1175, which plays a vital role in angiogenesis, while miR-25-3p downregulation in YECs showed opposite effects. Finally, a salvage study showed that miR-25-3p upregulation promoted capillary regeneration and hindlimb blood flow recovery in aging mice with hindlimb ischemia. These findings suggest that miR-25-3p acts as an agonist of TULA-2/SYK/VEGFR-2 and mediates the endothelial cell angiogenesis response, which shows that the miR-25-3p/TULA-2 pathway may be potential therapeutic targets for angiogenesis during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Lian
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jiacong Qiu
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Rencong Chen
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jin Cui
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology Laboratory, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xuejun Wen
- Institute for Engineering and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Shenming Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jinsong Wang
- Division of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Vascular Disease Treatment, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
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21
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Sayed RKA, Mokhtar DM, Fernández-Ortiz M, Fernández-Martínez J, Aranda-Martínez P, Escames G, Acuña-Castroviejo D. Lack of retinoid acid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha accelerates and melatonin supplementation prevents testicular aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:12648-12668. [PMID: 32644943 PMCID: PMC7377884 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The role of retinoid acid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha (RORα) on male reproductive functions during aging is unclear. Here, we analyze the morphological changes in the testis of both young and aged RORα-deficient mice, with and without melatonin supplementation. Young mutants showed vacuolation, degeneration and pyknosis of spermatogenic epithelium and Sertoli cells. Aged mutants showed atrophy of the seminiferous tubules and absence of mitotic spermatogenic cells. Absence of sperms in many tubules, loss of acrosomal cap, vacuolation and hypertrophy of Sertoli cells were detected in aged mice, with a significant reduction in the number of seminiferous tubules and a significant increase in the number of Leydig cells and telocytes. Repair in seminiferous tubules and interstitial tissues with enhancement of spermatogenesis was observed in melatonin-treated aged mice. Young mutants overexpressed VEGF that was weaker in aged animals and observed only in the spermatocytes, while melatonin increased VEGF expression in spermatocytes and spermatids. Caspase 3 increased in both young and aged mutant mice in all seminiferous tubules and interstitium; caspase 3 immunostaining in seminiferous tubules, however, showed a normal pattern of apoptosis with melatonin supplementation. The present study reports that age-dependent testicular changes in RORα mutant mice were recovered by melatonin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy K A Sayed
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada 18016, Spain.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Doaa M Mokhtar
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Marisol Fernández-Ortiz
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada 18016, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada 18016, Spain
| | - José Fernández-Martínez
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada 18016, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Paula Aranda-Martínez
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada 18016, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Germaine Escames
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada 18016, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada 18016, Spain.,CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento, Ibs. Granada, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Laboratorios Clínicos, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Darío Acuña-Castroviejo
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada 18016, Spain.,Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada 18016, Spain.,CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento, Ibs. Granada, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Laboratorios Clínicos, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada 18016, Spain
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22
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Forte M, Stanzione R, Cotugno M, Bianchi F, Marchitti S, Rubattu S. Vascular ageing in hypertension: Focus on mitochondria. Mech Ageing Dev 2020; 189:111267. [PMID: 32473170 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a common age-related disease, along with vascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Vascular ageing increases during hypertension, but hypertension itself accelerates vascular ageing, thus creating a vicious circle. Vascular stiffening, endothelial dysfunction, impaired contractility and vasorelaxation are the main alterations related to vascular ageing, as a consequence of vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells senescence. Several molecular mechanisms have been involved into the functional and morphological changes of the aged vessels. Among them, oxidative stress, inflammation, extracellular matrix deregulation and mitochondrial dysfunction are the best characterized. In the present review, we discuss relevant literature about the biology of vascular and cerebrovascular ageing with a particular focus on mitochondria signalling. We underline the therapeutic strategies, able to improve mitochondrial health, which may represent a promising tool to decrease vascular dysfunction associated with ageing and hypertension-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Forte
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy
| | | | - Maria Cotugno
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy
| | - Franca Bianchi
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy
| | | | - Speranza Rubattu
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077 Pozzilli IS, Italy; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy.
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23
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Zayed M, Iohara K, Watanabe H, Nakashima M. CCR3 antagonist protects against induced cellular senescence and promotes rejuvenation in periodontal ligament cells for stimulating pulp regeneration in the aged dog. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8631. [PMID: 32451381 PMCID: PMC7248074 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65301-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulp regeneration after transplantation of mobilized dental pulp stem cells (MDPSCs) declines in the aged dogs due in part to the chronic inflammation and/or cellular senescence. Eotaxin-1/C-C motif chemokine 11 (CCL11) is an inflammation marker via chemokine receptor 3 (CCR3). Moreover, CCR3 antagonist (CCR3A) can inhibit CCL11 binding to CCR3 and prevent CCL11/CCR3 signaling. The study aimed to examine the effect of CCR3A on cellular senescence and anti-inflammation/immunomodulation in human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLCs). The rejuvenating effects of CCR3A on neurite extension and migratory activity to promote pulp regeneration in aged dog teeth were also evaluated. In vivo, the amount of regenerated pulp tissues was significantly increased by transplantation of MDPSCs with CCR3A compared to control without CCR3A. In vitro, senescence of HPDLCs was induced after p-Cresol exposure, as indicated by increased cell size, decreased proliferation and increased senescence markers, p21 and IL-1β. Treatment of HPDLCs with CCR3A prevented the senescence effect of p-Cresol. Furthermore, CCR3A significantly decreased expression of CCL11, increased expression of immunomodulatory factor, IDO, and enhanced neurite extension and migratory activity. In conclusion, CCR3A protects against p-Cresol-induced cellular senescence and enhances rejuvenating effects, suggesting its potential utility to stimulate pulp regeneration in the aged teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Zayed
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
- Department of Animal Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
| | - Koichiro Iohara
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Hideto Watanabe
- Institute for Molecular Science of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Misako Nakashima
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan.
- Aeras Bio Inc., Air Water Group, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-047, Japan.
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24
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Tracy E, Rowe G, LeBlanc AJ. Cardiac tissue remodeling in healthy aging: the road to pathology. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C166-C182. [PMID: 32432929 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00021.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to highlight the normal physiological remodeling that occurs in healthy aging hearts, including changes that occur in contractility, conduction, valve function, large and small coronary vessels, and the extracellular matrix. These "normal" age-related changes serve as the foundation that supports decreased plasticity and limited ability for tissue remodeling during pathophysiological states such as myocardial ischemia and heart failure. This review will identify populations at greater risk for poor tissue remodeling in advanced age along with present and future therapeutic strategies that may ameliorate dysfunctional tissue remodeling in aging hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Tracy
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Gabrielle Rowe
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Amanda J LeBlanc
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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25
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Pourheydar B, Biabanghard A, Azari R, Khalaji N, Chodari L. Exercise improves aging-related decreased angiogenesis through modulating VEGF-A, TSP-1 and p-NF-Ƙb protein levels in myocardiocytes. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2020; 12:129-135. [PMID: 32626553 PMCID: PMC7321007 DOI: 10.34172/jcvtr.2020.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Aging-dependent decline in the angiogenesis of heart is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This study was aimed to characterize effect of exercise on angiogenesis alterations and molecular mediators which are related to angiogenesis in the heart under aging condition. Methods: Twenty-one male Wistar rats were assigned into three groups: young, aged, and exercise. Aged animals in the exercise group run on treadmill for 8 weeks. At the end, heart samples were collected and used for histological evaluation , determination of angiogenesis by immunostaining for PECAM-1/ CD31 and expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) levels by ELISA. P<0.05 is considered as statistically significant. Results: Our results showed that angiogenesis, and VEGF-A levels were significantly decreased, TSP1 (P >0.0001) and p-NF-κB (P >0.001) levels were significantly increased in the heart of aged group compared to young group. Exercise group showed significant increase in angiogenesis, VEGF-A (P >0.0001), and p-NF-κB (P >0.001) and showed significant decrease in TSP-1 levels (P >0.001) compared to aged group. Moreover, compared to the young group, aged group showed histological changes in the heart, such as interstitial edema, and congestion, whereas, treatment with exercise improved these undesirable changes in the heart of exercise groups. Conclusion: These findings indicated that aging-related decrease in angiogenesis in the heart may mediated by downexpression of VEGF-A and overexpression of TSP-1 proteins. Also, we showed that p-NF-κB protein was increased in the heart of aged rats, this probably mediated by compensatory mechanism. It was also showed that exercise as novel non-pharmacological therapy modifies VEGF-A and TSP-1 and increases p-NF-κB protein levels in the aged heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bagher Pourheydar
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute,Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Abdolrahman Biabanghard
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Reza Azari
- Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Naser Khalaji
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Leila Chodari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute,Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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26
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Kiss T, Balasubramanian P, Valcarcel-Ares MN, Tarantini S, Yabluchanskiy A, Csipo T, Lipecz A, Reglodi D, Zhang XA, Bari F, Farkas E, Csiszar A, Ungvari Z. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) treatment attenuates oxidative stress and rescues angiogenic capacity in aged cerebromicrovascular endothelial cells: a potential mechanism for the prevention of vascular cognitive impairment. GeroScience 2019; 41:619-630. [PMID: 31144244 PMCID: PMC6885080 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-019-00074-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related impairment of angiogenesis likely has a critical role in cerebromicrovascular rarefaction and development of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) in the elderly. Recently, we demonstrated that aging is associated with NAD+ depletion in the vasculature and that administration of NAD+ precursors exerts potent anti-aging vascular effects, rescuing endothelium-mediated vasodilation in the cerebral circulation and improving cerebral blood supply. The present study was designed to elucidate how treatment with nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a key NAD+ intermediate, impacts age-related impairment of endothelial angiogenic processes. Using cerebromicrovascular endothelial cells (CMVECs) isolated from young and aged F344xBN rats, we demonstrated that compared with young cells, aged CMVECs exhibit impaired proliferation, cellular migration (measured by a wound-healing assay using electric cell-substrate impedance sensing [ECIS] technology), impaired ability to form capillary-like structures, and increased oxidative stress. NMN treatment in aged CMVECs significantly improved angiogenic processes and attenuated H2O2 production. We also found that pre-treatment with EX-527, a pharmacological inhibitor of SIRT1, prevented NMN-mediated restoration of angiogenic processes in aged CMVECs. Collectively, we find that normal cellular NAD+ levels are essential for normal endothelial angiogenic processes, suggesting that age-related cellular NAD+ depletion and consequential SIRT1 dysregulation may be a potentially reversible mechanism underlying impaired angiogenesis and cerebromicrovascular rarefaction in aging. We recommend that pro-angiogenic effects of NAD+ boosters should be considered in both preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Kiss
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Priya Balasubramanian
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Marta Noa Valcarcel-Ares
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Tamas Csipo
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Agnes Lipecz
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dora Reglodi
- Department of Anatomy, MTA-PTE PACAP Research Team, University of Pecs Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Xin A. Zhang
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Ferenc Bari
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Eszter Farkas
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 975 NE 10th Street, BRC 1311, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, the Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
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27
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Abstract
Ageing is the main risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. A central mechanism by which ageing promotes vascular pathologies is compromising endothelial health. The age-related attenuation of endothelium-dependent dilator responses (endothelial dysfunction) associated with impairment of angiogenic processes and the subsequent pathological remodelling of the microcirculation contribute to compromised tissue perfusion and exacerbate functional decline in older individuals. This Review focuses on cellular, molecular, and functional changes that occur in the endothelium during ageing. We explore the links between oxidative and nitrative stress and the conserved molecular pathways affecting endothelial dysfunction and impaired angiogenesis during ageing. We also speculate on how these pathological processes could be therapeutically targeted. An improved understanding of endothelial biology in older patients is crucial for all cardiologists because maintenance of a competently functioning endothelium is critical for adequate tissue perfusion and long-term cardiac health.
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28
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Wagner DR, Karnik S, Gunderson ZJ, Nielsen JJ, Fennimore A, Promer HJ, Lowery JW, Loghmani MT, Low PS, McKinley TO, Kacena MA, Clauss M, Li J. Dysfunctional stem and progenitor cells impair fracture healing with age. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:281-296. [PMID: 31293713 PMCID: PMC6600851 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i6.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Successful fracture healing requires the simultaneous regeneration of both the bone and vasculature; mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are directed to replace the bone tissue, while endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) form the new vasculature that supplies blood to the fracture site. In the elderly, the healing process is slowed, partly due to decreased regenerative function of these stem and progenitor cells. MSCs from older individuals are impaired with regard to cell number, proliferative capacity, ability to migrate, and osteochondrogenic differentiation potential. The proliferation, migration and function of EPCs are also compromised with advanced age. Although the reasons for cellular dysfunction with age are complex and multidimensional, reduced expression of growth factors, accumulation of oxidative damage from reactive oxygen species, and altered signaling of the Sirtuin-1 pathway are contributing factors to aging at the cellular level of both MSCs and EPCs. Because of these geriatric-specific issues, effective treatment for fracture repair may require new therapeutic techniques to restore cellular function. Some suggested directions for potential treatments include cellular therapies, pharmacological agents, treatments targeting age-related molecular mechanisms, and physical therapeutics. Advanced age is the primary risk factor for a fracture, due to the low bone mass and inferior bone quality associated with aging; a better understanding of the dysfunctional behavior of the aging cell will provide a foundation for new treatments to decrease healing time and reduce the development of complications during the extended recovery from fracture healing in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane R Wagner
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Sonali Karnik
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Zachary J Gunderson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Jeffery J Nielsen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - Alanna Fennimore
- Department of Physical Therapy, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Hunter J Promer
- Division of Biomedical Science, Marian University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46222, United States
| | - Jonathan W Lowery
- Division of Biomedical Science, Marian University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46222, United States
| | - M Terry Loghmani
- Department of Physical Therapy, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Philip S Low
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 United States
| | - Todd O McKinley
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Melissa A Kacena
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Matthias Clauss
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Jiliang Li
- Department of Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
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29
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Meinberg EG, Clark D, Miclau KR, Marcucio R, Miclau T. Fracture repair in the elderly: Clinical and experimental considerations. Injury 2019; 50 Suppl 1:S62-S65. [PMID: 31130210 PMCID: PMC7021229 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fractures in the elderly represent a significant and rising socioeconomic problem. Although aging has been associated with delays in healing, there is little direct clinical data isolating the effects of aging on bone healing from the associated comorbidities that are frequently present in elderly populations. Basic research has demonstrated that all of the components of fracture repair-cells, extracellular matrix, blood supply, and molecules and their receptors-are negatively impacted by the aging process, which likely explains poorer clinical outcomes. Improved understanding of age-related fracture healing should aid in the development of novel treatment strategies, technologies, and therapies to improve bone repair in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- E G Meinberg
- UCSF/ZSFG Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, UCSF Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - D Clark
- UCSF/ZSFG Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, UCSF Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - K R Miclau
- UCSF/ZSFG Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, UCSF Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - R Marcucio
- UCSF/ZSFG Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, UCSF Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - T Miclau
- UCSF/ZSFG Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, UCSF Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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30
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Bitar MS. Diabetes Impairs Angiogenesis and Induces Endothelial Cell Senescence by Up-Regulating Thrombospondin-CD47-Dependent Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030673. [PMID: 30720765 PMCID: PMC6386981 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction, impaired angiogenesis and cellular senescence in type 2 diabetes constitute dominant risk factors for chronic non-healing wounds and other cardiovascular disorders. Studying these phenomena in the context of diabetes and the TSP1-CD-47 signaling dictated the use of the in vitro wound endothelial cultured system and an in vivo PVA sponge model of angiogenesis. Herein we report that diabetes impaired the in vivo sponge angiogenic capacity by decreasing cell proliferation, fibrovascular invasion and capillary density. In contrast, a heightened state of oxidative stress and elevated expression of TSP1 and CD47 both at the mRNA and protein levels were evident in this diabetic sponge model of wound healing. An in vitro culturing system involving wound endothelial cells confirmed the increase in ROS generation and the up-regulation of TSP1-CD47 signaling as a function of diabetes. We also provided evidence that diabetic wound endothelial cells (W-ECs) exhibited a characteristic feature that is consistent with cellular senescence. Indeed, enhanced SA-β-gal activity, cell cycle arrest, increased cell cycle inhibitors (CKIs) p53, p21 and p16 and decreased cell cycle promoters including Cyclin D1 and CDK4/6 were all demonstrated in these cells. The functional consequence of this cascade of events was illustrated by a marked reduction in diabetic endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tube formation. A genetic-based strategy in diabetic W-ECs using CD47 siRNA significantly ameliorated in these cells the excessiveness in oxidative stress, attenuation in angiogenic potential and more importantly the inhibition in cell cycle progression and its companion cellular senescence. To this end, the current data provide evidence linking the overexpression of TSP1-CD47 signaling in diabetes to a number of parameters associated with endothelial dysfunction including impaired angiogenesis, cellular senescence and a heightened state of oxidative stress. Moreover, it may also point to TSP1-CD47 as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of the aforementioned pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad S Bitar
- Department of Pharmacology& Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat 13110, Kuwait.
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31
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Ross MD. Endothelial Regenerative Capacity and Aging: Influence of Diet, Exercise and Obesity. Curr Cardiol Rev 2018; 14:233-244. [PMID: 30047332 PMCID: PMC6300798 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x14666180726112303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The endothelium plays an important role in cardiovascular regulation, from blood flow to platelet aggregation, immune cell infiltration and demargination. A dysfunctional endo-thelium leads to the onset and progression of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). The aging endothelium displays significant alterations in function, such as reduced vasomotor functions and reduced angio-genic capabilities. This could be partly due to elevated levels of oxidative stress and reduced endothe-lial cell turnover. Circulating angiogenic cells, such as Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) play a significant role in maintaining endothelial health and function, by supporting endothelial cell prolifera-tion, or via incorporation into the vasculature and differentiation into mature endothelial cells. Howev-er, these cells are reduced in number and function with age, which may contribute to the elevated CVD risk in this population. However, lifestyle factors, such as exercise, physical activity obesity, and dietary intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, nitrates, and antioxidants, significantly af-fect the number and function of these circulating angiogenic cells. Conclusion: This review will discuss the effects of advancing age on endothelial health and vascular regenerative capacity, as well as the influence of diet, exercise, and obesity on these cells, the mecha-nistic links and the subsequent impact on cardiovascular health
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Ross
- School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Cardoso AL, Fernandes A, Aguilar-Pimentel JA, de Angelis MH, Guedes JR, Brito MA, Ortolano S, Pani G, Athanasopoulou S, Gonos ES, Schosserer M, Grillari J, Peterson P, Tuna BG, Dogan S, Meyer A, van Os R, Trendelenburg AU. Towards frailty biomarkers: Candidates from genes and pathways regulated in aging and age-related diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 47:214-277. [PMID: 30071357 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Use of the frailty index to measure an accumulation of deficits has been proven a valuable method for identifying elderly people at risk for increased vulnerability, disease, injury, and mortality. However, complementary molecular frailty biomarkers or ideally biomarker panels have not yet been identified. We conducted a systematic search to identify biomarker candidates for a frailty biomarker panel. METHODS Gene expression databases were searched (http://genomics.senescence.info/genes including GenAge, AnAge, LongevityMap, CellAge, DrugAge, Digital Aging Atlas) to identify genes regulated in aging, longevity, and age-related diseases with a focus on secreted factors or molecules detectable in body fluids as potential frailty biomarkers. Factors broadly expressed, related to several "hallmark of aging" pathways as well as used or predicted as biomarkers in other disease settings, particularly age-related pathologies, were identified. This set of biomarkers was further expanded according to the expertise and experience of the authors. In the next step, biomarkers were assigned to six "hallmark of aging" pathways, namely (1) inflammation, (2) mitochondria and apoptosis, (3) calcium homeostasis, (4) fibrosis, (5) NMJ (neuromuscular junction) and neurons, (6) cytoskeleton and hormones, or (7) other principles and an extensive literature search was performed for each candidate to explore their potential and priority as frailty biomarkers. RESULTS A total of 44 markers were evaluated in the seven categories listed above, and 19 were awarded a high priority score, 22 identified as medium priority and three were low priority. In each category high and medium priority markers were identified. CONCLUSION Biomarker panels for frailty would be of high value and better than single markers. Based on our search we would propose a core panel of frailty biomarkers consisting of (1) CXCL10 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10), IL-6 (interleukin 6), CX3CL1 (C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1), (2) GDF15 (growth differentiation factor 15), FNDC5 (fibronectin type III domain containing 5), vimentin (VIM), (3) regucalcin (RGN/SMP30), calreticulin, (4) PLAU (plasminogen activator, urokinase), AGT (angiotensinogen), (5) BDNF (brain derived neurotrophic factor), progranulin (PGRN), (6) α-klotho (KL), FGF23 (fibroblast growth factor 23), FGF21, leptin (LEP), (7) miRNA (micro Ribonucleic acid) panel (to be further defined), AHCY (adenosylhomocysteinase) and KRT18 (keratin 18). An expanded panel would also include (1) pentraxin (PTX3), sVCAM/ICAM (soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1/Intercellular adhesion molecule 1), defensin α, (2) APP (amyloid beta precursor protein), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), (3) S100B (S100 calcium binding protein B), (4) TGFβ (transforming growth factor beta), PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor 1), TGM2 (transglutaminase 2), (5) sRAGE (soluble receptor for advanced glycosylation end products), HMGB1 (high mobility group box 1), C3/C1Q (complement factor 3/1Q), ST2 (Interleukin 1 receptor like 1), agrin (AGRN), (6) IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor 1), resistin (RETN), adiponectin (ADIPOQ), ghrelin (GHRL), growth hormone (GH), (7) microparticle panel (to be further defined), GpnmB (glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B) and lactoferrin (LTF). We believe that these predicted panels need to be experimentally explored in animal models and frail cohorts in order to ascertain their diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic potential.
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Moriya J, Minamino T. Angiogenesis, Cancer, and Vascular Aging. Front Cardiovasc Med 2017; 4:65. [PMID: 29114540 PMCID: PMC5660731 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2017.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Several lines of evidence have revealed that the angiogenic response to ischemic injury declines with age, which might account for the increased morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among the elderly. While impairment of angiogenesis with aging leads to delayed wound healing or exacerbation of atherosclerotic ischemic diseases, it also inhibits the progression of cancer. Age-related changes of angiogenesis have been considered to at least partly result from vascular aging or endothelial cell senescence. There is considerable evidence supporting the hypothesis that vascular cell senescence contributes to the pathogenesis of age-related CVD, suggesting that vascular aging could be an important therapeutic target. Since therapeutic angiogenesis is now regarded as a promising concept for patients with ischemic CVD, it has become even more important to understand the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying impairment of angiogenesis in older patients. To improve the usefulness of therapeutic angiogenesis, approaches are needed that can compensate for impaired angiogenic capacity in the elderly while not promoting the development or progression of malignancy. In this review, we briefly outline the mechanisms of angiogenesis and vascular aging, followed by a description of how vascular aging leads to impairment of angiogenesis. We also examine potential therapeutic approaches that could enhance angiogenesis and/or vascular function in the elderly, as well as discussing the possibility of anti-senescence therapy or reversal of endothelial cell senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Moriya
- Office of Cellular and Tissue-Based Products, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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Fernández Blanco A, Andrini L, Errecalde AL, Inda AM, García M. Circadian rhythm of VEGF expression in the liver of hepatectomized-tumor-bearing adult and young mice. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2017.1377983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayelén Fernández Blanco
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Cátedra de Citología, Histología y Embriología “A”, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Andrini
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Cátedra de Citología, Histología y Embriología “A”, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Lía Errecalde
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Cátedra de Citología, Histología y Embriología “A”, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana María Inda
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Cátedra de Citología, Histología y Embriología “A”, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CIC, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcela García
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Cátedra de Citología, Histología y Embriología “A”, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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DeStefano JG, Williams A, Wnorowski A, Yimam N, Searson PC, Wong AD. Real-time quantification of endothelial response to shear stress and vascular modulators. Integr Biol (Camb) 2017; 9:362-374. [PMID: 28345713 PMCID: PMC5490251 DOI: 10.1039/c7ib00023e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Quiescence is commonly used to describe the inactive state of endothelial cells (ECs) in monolayers that have reached homeostasis. Experimentally quiescence is usually described in terms of the relative change in cell activity (e.g. turnover, speed, etc.) in response to a perturbation (e.g. solute, shear stress, etc.). The objective of this study is to provide new insight into EC quiescence by quantitatively defining the morphology and activity of confluent cell monolayers in response to shear stress and vascular modulators. Confluent monolayers of human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs) were subjected to a range of shear stresses (4-16 dyne cm-2) under steady flow. Using phase contrast, time-lapse microscopy and image analysis, we quantified EC morphology, speed, proliferation, and apoptosis rates over time and detected differences in monolayer responses under various media conditions: basal media supplemented with growth factors, interleukin-8, or cyclic AMP. In all conditions, we observed a transition from cobblestone to spindle-like morphology in a dose-dependent manner due to shear stress. Cyclic AMP enhanced the elongation and alignment of HUVECs due to shear stress and reduced steady state cell speed. We observed the lowest proliferation rates below 8 dyne cm-2 and found that growth factors and cyclic AMP reduced proliferation and apoptosis; interleukin-8 similarly decreased proliferation, but increased apoptosis. We have quantified the response of ECs in confluent monolayers to shear stress and vascular modulators in terms of morphology, speed, proliferation and apoptosis and have established quantifiable metrics of cell activity to define vascular quiescence under shear stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson G DeStefano
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.
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Tobin SW, Li SH, Li J, Wu J, Yeganeh A, Yu P, Weisel RD, Li RK. Dual roles for bone marrow-derived Sca-1 cells in cardiac function. FASEB J 2017; 31:2905-2915. [PMID: 28336524 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201601363rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Recruitment of stem cells from the bone marrow (BM) is an important aspect of cardiac healing that becomes inefficient with age. We investigated the role of young stem cell antigen 1 (Sca-1)-positive BM cells on the aged heart by microarray analysis after BM reconstitution. Sca-1+ and Sca-1- BM cells from young green fluorescent protein (GFP)-positive mice were used to reconstitute the BM of aged mice. Myocardial infarction (MI) was induced 3 mo later. GFP+ cells were more abundant in the BM, blood, and heart of Sca-1+ mice, which corresponded to preserved cardiac function after MI. At baseline, Sca-1+ BM reconstitution increased cardiac expression of serum response factor, vascular endothelial growth factor A, and myogenic genes, but reduced the expression of Il-1β. After MI, inflammation was identified as a key difference between Sca-1- and Sca-1+ groups, as cytokine expression and cell surface markers associated with inflammatory cells were up-regulated with Sca-1+ reconstitution. Mac-3 and F4/80 staining showed that the postinfarction heart was composed of a mixture of GFP+ (donor) macrophages, GFP- (host) macrophages, and GFP+ cells that did not contribute to the macrophage population. This study demonstrates that Sca-1+ BM cells regulate cardiac healing though an acute inflammatory response and also before injury by stimulating formation of a beneficial cardiac niche.-Tobin, S. W., Li, S.-H., Li, J., Wu, J., Yeganeh, A., Yu, P., Weisel, R. D., Li, R.-K. Dual roles for bone marrow-derived Sca-1 cells in cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie W Tobin
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shu-Hong Li
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jiao Li
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Azadeh Yeganeh
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pan Yu
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard D Weisel
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ren-Ke Li
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; .,Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Khalil A, Humeau-Heurtier A, Gascoin L, Abraham P, Mahé G. Aging effect on microcirculation: A multiscale entropy approach on laser speckle contrast images. Med Phys 2017; 43:4008. [PMID: 27370119 DOI: 10.1118/1.4953189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE It has long been known that age plays a crucial role in the deterioration of microvessels. The assessment of such deteriorations can be achieved by monitoring microvascular blood flow. Laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) is a powerful optical imaging tool that provides two-dimensional information on microvascular blood flow. The technique has recently been commercialized, and hence, few works discuss the postacquisition processing of laser speckle contrast images recorded in vivo. By applying entropy-based complexity measures to LSCI time series, we present herein the first attempt to study the effect of aging on microcirculation by measuring the complexity of microvascular signals over multiple time scales. METHODS Forearm skin microvascular blood flow was studied with LSCI in 18 healthy subjects. The subjects were subdivided into two age groups: younger (20-30 years old, n = 9) and older (50-68 years old, n = 9). To estimate age-dependent changes in microvascular blood flow, we applied three entropy-based complexity algorithms to LSCI time series. RESULTS The application of entropy-based complexity algorithms to LSCI time series can differentiate younger from older groups: the data fluctuations in the younger group have a significantly higher complexity than those obtained from the older group. CONCLUSIONS The effect of aging on microcirculation can be estimated by using entropy-based complexity algorithms to LSCI time series.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Khalil
- LARIS-Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes, University of Angers, 62 Avenue Notre-Dame du Lac, Angers 49000, France
| | - A Humeau-Heurtier
- LARIS-Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systèmes, University of Angers, 62 Avenue Notre-Dame du Lac, Angers 49000, France
| | - L Gascoin
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et d'Explorations Vasculaires, Hospital of Angers, University of Angers, Angers Cedex 01 49033, France
| | - P Abraham
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et d'Explorations Vasculaires, Hospital of Angers, University of Angers, UMR CNRS 6214-INSERM 1083, Angers Cedex 01 49033, France
| | - G Mahé
- Pôle Imagerie Médicale et Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hospital Pontchaillou of Rennes, University of Rennes 1, INSERM CIC 1414, Rennes Cedex 9 35033, France
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Yum V, Carlisle RE, Lu C, Brimble E, Chahal J, Upagupta C, Ask K, Dickhout JG. Endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibition limits the progression of chronic kidney disease in the Dahl salt-sensitive rat. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 312:F230-F244. [DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00119.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteinuria is one of the primary risk factors for the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and has been implicated in the induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We hypothesized that the suppression of ER stress with a low molecular weight chemical chaperone, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), would reduce the severity of CKD and proteinuria in the Dahl salt-sensitive (SS) hypertensive rat. To induce hypertension and CKD, 12-wk-old male rats were placed on a high-salt (HS) diet for 4 wk with or without 4-PBA treatment. We assessed blood pressure and markers of CKD, including proteinuria, albuminuria, and renal pathology. Furthermore, we determined if HS feeding resulted in an impaired myogenic response, subsequent to ER stress. 4-PBA treatment reduced salt-induced hypertension, proteinuria, and albuminuria and preserved myogenic constriction. Furthermore, renal pathology was reduced with 4-PBA treatment, as indicated by lowered expression of profibrotic markers and fewer intratubular protein casts. In addition, ER stress in the glomerulus was reduced, and the integrity of the glomerular filtration barrier was preserved. These results suggest that 4-PBA treatment protects against proteinuria in the SS rat by preserving the myogenic response and by preventing ER stress, which led to a breakdown in the glomerular filtration barrier. As such, alleviating ER stress serves as a viable therapeutic strategy to preserve kidney function and to delay the progression of CKD in the animal model under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Yum
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, McMaster University and St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Rachel E. Carlisle
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, McMaster University and St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, McMaster University and St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Elise Brimble
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, McMaster University and St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Jasmine Chahal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, McMaster University and St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Chandak Upagupta
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, McMaster University and St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Kjetil Ask
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeffrey G. Dickhout
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, McMaster University and St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
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Identification of Potential Key lncRNAs and Genes Associated with Aging Based on Microarray Data of Adipocytes from Mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:9181702. [PMID: 28097151 PMCID: PMC5209599 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9181702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective. This study aimed to screen potential crucial lncRNAs and genes involved in aging. Methods. The data of 9 peripheral white adipocytes, respectively, taken from male C57BL/6J mice (6 months, 14 months, and 18 months of age) in GSE25905 were used in this study. Differentially time series expressed lncRNA genes (DE-lncRNAs) and mRNA genes (DEGs) were identified. After cluster analysis of lncRNAs expression pattern, target genes of DE-lncRNAs were predicted from the DEGs, and functional analysis for target genes was conducted. Results. A total of 8301 time series-related DEGs and 43 time series-related DE-lncRNAs were identified. Among them, 41 DE-lncRNAs targeted 1880 DEGs. The DEGs positively regulated by DE-lncRNAs were mainly related to the development of blood vessel and the pathways of cholesterol biosynthesis and elastic fibre formation. Furthermore, the DEGs negatively regulated by DE-lncRNAs were correlated with protein metabolism. Conclusion. These DE-lncRNAs and DEGs are potentially involved in the process of aging.
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Nielsen N, Laustsen C, Bertelsen LB. 13C dynamic nuclear polarization for measuring metabolic flux in endothelial progenitor cells. Exp Cell Res 2016; 349:95-100. [PMID: 27720669 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) represent a heterogeneous cell population that is believed to be involved in vasculogenesis. With the purpose of enhancing endothelial repair, EPCs could have a potential for future cell therapies. Due to the low amount of EPCs in the peripheral circulating blood, in vitro expansion is needed before administration to recipients and the effects of in vitro culturing is still an under-evaluated field with little knowledge of how the cells change over time in culture. The aim of this study was to use hyperpolarised carbon-13 magnetic resonance spectroscopy to profile important metabolic pathways in a population of progenitor cells and to show that cell culturing in 3D scaffolds seem to block the metabolic processes that leads to cell senescence. The metabolic breakdown of hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate was followed after injection of the substrate to a bioreactor system with EPCs either adhered to 3D printed scaffolds or kept in cell suspension. The pyruvate-to-lactate conversion was elevated in suspension of EPCs compared to the EPCs adhered to scaffolds. Furthermore in the setup with EPCs in suspension, an increase in lactate production was seen over time indicating that the older the cultures of EPCs was before using the cells for cell suspension experiments, the more lactate they produce, compared to a constant lactate level in the cells adhered to scaffolds. It could therefore be stated that cells grown first in 2D culture and subsequent prepared for cell suspension show a metabolism with higher lactate production consistent with cells senescence processes compared to cells grown first at 2D culture and subsequent in the 3D printed scaffolds, where metabolism shows no sign of metabolic shifting during the monitored period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Nielsen
- MR Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Christoffer Laustsen
- MR Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Lotte Bonde Bertelsen
- MR Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
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Khorram O, Momeni M, Desai M, Ross MG. Nutrient Restriction In Utero Induces Remodeling of the Vascular Extracellular Matrix in Rat Offspring. Reprod Sci 2016; 14:73-80. [PMID: 17636219 DOI: 10.1177/1933719106298215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The uterine environment may influence the development of chronic diseases later in life. The authors hypothesized that maternal nutritional restriction prenatally induces remodeling of offspring blood vessels such that they become stiff and contribute to the development of adult hypertension. To test this hypothesis, the authors studied the blood vessels of offspring of dams that were exposed to 50% maternal food restriction (MFR) from e10 to term as compared to age-matched controls. In aortas of MFR offspring, there was a significant increase in elastin and glycosaminoglycans (GAG) at 1 day of age. By 2 months of life, there was a significant increase in collagen and a decrease in GAG in MFR offspring aortas. A redistribution of elastin was also noted in MFR offspring, with a significant decrease in the interelastin laminae at both 1 day and 2 months. In mesenteric arterioles of MFR offspring, there was a decrease in GAG in 1-day-old and 2-month-old MFR offspring. There were no changes in elastin in both age groups in mesenteric arterioles, and by 2 months of life, collagen deposition was also found in these resistance vessels. There was a significant increase in expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) mRNA in 1-day-old MFR aortas, while both MMP-9 and MMP-2 expression was increased in the 4-month-old MFR aortas. These results indicate a significant remodeling of the extracellular matrix occurs in both conduit and resistance vessels. By 2 months of life, the compositions of both vessel types are consistent with stiff vessels, a contributing factor to hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Khorram
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA.
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Vascular Ageing and Exercise: Focus on Cellular Reparative Processes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:3583956. [PMID: 26697131 PMCID: PMC4678076 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3583956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is associated with an increased risk of developing noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The increased risk can be attributable to increased prolonged exposure to oxidative stress. Often, CVD is preceded by endothelial dysfunction, which carries with it a proatherothrombotic phenotype. Endothelial senescence and reduced production and release of nitric oxide (NO) are associated with “vascular ageing” and are often accompanied by a reduced ability for the body to repair vascular damage, termed “reendothelialization.” Exercise has been repeatedly shown to confer protection against CVD and diabetes risk and incidence. Regular exercise promotes endothelial function and can prevent endothelial senescence, often through a reduction in oxidative stress. Recently, endothelial precursors, endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), have been shown to repair damaged endothelium, and reduced circulating number and/or function of these cells is associated with ageing. Exercise can modulate both number and function of these cells to promote endothelial homeostasis. In this review we look at the effects of advancing age on the endothelium and these endothelial precursors and how exercise appears to offset this “vascular ageing” process.
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Ambrose C. Muscle weakness during aging: a deficiency state involving declining angiogenesis. Ageing Res Rev 2015; 23:139-53. [PMID: 26093038 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This essay begins by proposing that muscle weakness of old age from sarcopenia is due in large part to reduced capillary density in the muscles, as documented in 9 reports of aged persons and animals. Capillary density (CD) is determined by local levels of various angiogenic factors, which also decline in muscles with aging, as reported in 7 studies of old persons and animals. There are also numerous reports of reduced CD in the aged brain and other studies showing reduced CD in the kidney and heart of aged animals. Thus a waning angiogenesis throughout the body may be a natural occurrence in later years and may account significantly for the lesser ailments (physical and cognitive) of elderly people. Old age is regarded here as a deficiency state which may be corrected by therapeutic angiogenesis, much as a hormonal deficiency can be relieved by the appropriate hormone therapy. Such therapy could employ recombinant angiogenic factors which are now commercially available.
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Ab Hamid F, Che Azemin MZ, Salam A, Aminuddin A, Mohd Daud N, Zahari I. Retinal Vasculature Fractal Dimension Measures Vessel Density. Curr Eye Res 2015; 41:823-31. [DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2015.1056375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fadilah Ab Hamid
- Department of Optometry & Visual Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia,
| | - Mohd Zulfaezal Che Azemin
- Department of Optometry & Visual Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia,
| | - Adzura Salam
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia and
| | - Amilia Aminuddin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norsyazwani Mohd Daud
- Department of Optometry & Visual Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia,
| | - Ilyanoon Zahari
- Department of Optometry & Visual Science, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia,
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Sun Z, Lawson DA, Sinclair E, Wang CY, Lai MD, Hetts SW, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Werb Z, Su H, Cooke DL. Endovascular biopsy: Strategy for analyzing gene expression profiles of individual endothelial cells obtained from human vessels ✩. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 7:157-165. [PMID: 26989654 PMCID: PMC4792280 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The combination of guide wire sampling, FACS and high throughput microfluidic single-cell quantitative RT-PCR, is an effective strategy for analyzing molecular changes of ECs in vascular lesions. Although heterogeneous, the ECs in normal iliac artery fall into two classes.
Purpose To develop a strategy of achieving targeted collection of endothelial cells (ECs) by endovascular methods and analyzing the gene expression profiles of collected single ECs. Methods and results 134 ECs and 37 leukocytes were collected from four patients' intra-iliac artery endovascular guide wires by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and analyzed by single-cell quantitative RT-PCR for expression profile of 48 genes. Compared to CD45+ leukocytes, the ECs expressed higher levels (p < 0.05) of EC surface markers used on FACS and other EC related genes. The gene expression profile showed that these isolated ECs fell into two clusters, A and B, that differentially expressed 19 genes related to angiogenesis, inflammation and extracellular matrix remodeling, with cluster B ECs have demonstrating similarities to senescent or aging ECs. Conclusion Combination of endovascular device sampling, FACS and single-cell quantitative RT-PCR is a feasible method for analyzing EC gene expression profile in vascular lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengda Sun
- Division of Neurointerventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Devon A Lawson
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Sinclair
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Chih-Yang Wang
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Derg Lai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Steven W Hetts
- Division of Neurointerventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Randall T Higashida
- Division of Neurointerventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christopher F Dowd
- Division of Neurointerventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Van V Halbach
- Division of Neurointerventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zena Werb
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hua Su
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Daniel L Cooke
- Division of Neurointerventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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46
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Khalil A, Humeau-Heurtier A, Mahé G, Abraham P. Laser speckle contrast imaging: age-related changes in microvascular blood flow and correlation with pulse-wave velocity in healthy subjects. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2015; 20:051010. [PMID: 25423123 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.20.5.051010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the cardiovascular system, the macrocirculation and microcirculation—two subsystems—can be affected by aging. Laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) is an emerging noninvasive optical technique that allows the monitoring of microvascular function and can help, using specific data processing, to understand the relationship between the subsystems. Using LSCI, the goals of this study are: (i) to assess the aging effect over microvascular parameters (perfusion and moving blood cells velocity, MBCV) and macrocirculation parameters (pulse-wave velocity, PWV) and (ii) to study the relationship between these parameters. In 16 healthy subjects (20 to 62 years old), perfusion and MBCV computed from LSCI are studied in three physiological states: rest, vascular occlusion, and post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia (PORH). MBCV is computed from a model of velocity distribution. During PORH, the experimental results show a relationship between perfusion and age (R(2) = 0.67) and between MBCV and age (R(2) = 0.72), as well as between PWV and age at rest (R(2) = 0.91). A relationship is also found between perfusion and MBCV for all physiological states (R(2) = 0.98). Relationships between microcirculation and macrocirculation (perfusion-PWV or MBCV-PWV) are found only during PORH with R(2) = 0.76 and R(2) = 0.77, respectively. This approach may prove useful for investigating dysregulation in blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Khalil
- University of Angers, LARIS-Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systémes, 62 Avenue Notre-Dame du Lac, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Anne Humeau-Heurtier
- University of Angers, LARIS-Laboratoire Angevin de Recherche en Ingénierie des Systémes, 62 Avenue Notre-Dame du Lac, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Guillaume Mahé
- Pôle Imagerie Médicale et Explorations Fonctionnelles, Inserm CIC 1414, Hospital Pontchaillou of Rennes, University of Rennes 1, 35033 Rennes Cedex 9, France
| | - Pierre Abraham
- University of Angers, Hospital of Angers, Laboratoire de Physiologie et d'Explorations Vasculaires UMR CNRS 6214-INSERM 1083, 49033 Angers Cedex 01, France
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Sasi SP, Rahimi L, Yan X, Silver M, Qin G, Losordo DW, Kishore R, Goukassian DA. Genetic deletion of TNFR2 augments inflammatory response and blunts satellite-cell-mediated recovery response in a hind limb ischemia model. FASEB J 2014; 29:1208-19. [PMID: 25466901 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-249813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We have previously shown that TNF-tumor necrosis factor receptor-2/p75 (TNFR2/p75) signaling plays a critical role in ischemia-induced neovascularization in skeletal muscle and heart tissues. To determine the role of TNF-TNFR2/p75 signaling in ischemia-induced inflammation and muscle regeneration, we subjected wild-type (WT) and TNFR2/p75 knockout (p75KO) mice to hind limb ischemia (HLI) surgery. Ischemia induced significant and long-lasting inflammation associated with considerable decrease in satellite-cell activation in p75KO muscle tissue up to 10 d after HLI surgery. To determine the possible additive negative roles of tissue aging and the absence of TNFR2/p75, either in the tissue or in the bone marrow (BM), we generated 2 chimeric BM transplantation (BMT) models where both young green fluorescent protein (GFP)-positive p75KO and WT BM-derived cells were transplanted into adult p75KO mice. HLI surgery was performed 1 mo after BMT, after confirming complete engraftment of the recipient BM with GFP donor cells. In adult p75KO with the WT-BMT, proliferative (Ki67(+)) cells were detected only by d 28 and were exclusively GFP(+), suggesting significantly delayed contribution of young WT-BM cell to adult p75KO ischemic tissue recovery. No GFP(+) young p75KO BM cells survived in adult p75KO tissue, signifying the additive negative roles of tissue aging combined with decreased/absent TNFR2/p75 signaling in postischemic recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharath P Sasi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Layla Rahimi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xinhua Yan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marcy Silver
- Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gangjian Qin
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; and
| | - Douglas W Losordo
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA; and
| | - Raj Kishore
- Center for Translational Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David A Goukassian
- Cardiovascular Research Center, GeneSys Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;
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48
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Bitar MS, Al-Mulla F. Upregulation of CREM/ICER suppresses wound endothelial CRE-HIF-1α-VEGF-dependent signaling and impairs angiogenesis in type 2 diabetes. Dis Model Mech 2014; 8:65-80. [PMID: 25381014 PMCID: PMC4283651 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.017145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired angiogenesis and endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes constitute dominant risk factors for non-healing wounds and most forms of cardiovascular disease. We propose that diabetes shifts the ‘angiogenic balance’ in favor of an excessive anti-angiogenic phenotype. Herein, we report that diabetes impairs in vivo sponge angiogenic capacity by decreasing VEGF expression and fibrovascular invasion, and reciprocally enhances the formation of angiostatic molecules, such as thrombospondins, NFκB and FasL. Defective in vivo angiogenesis prompted cellular studies in cultured endothelial cells derived from subcutaneous sponge implants (SIECs) of control and Goto-Kakizaki rats. Ensuing data from diabetic SIECs demonstrated a marked upregulation in cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling, possibly stemming from increased expression of adenylyl cyclase isoforms 3 and 8, and decreased expression of PDE3. Mechanistically, we found that oxidative stress and PKA activation in diabetes enhanced CREM/ICER expression. This reduces IRS2 cellular content by inhibiting cAMP response element (CRE) transcriptional activity. Consequently, a decrease in the activity of Akt-mTOR ensued with a concomitant reduction in the total and nuclear protein levels of HIF-1α. Limiting HIF-1α availability for the specific hypoxia response elements in diabetic SIECs elicited a marked reduction in VEGF expression, both at the mRNA and protein levels. These molecular abnormalities were illustrated functionally by a defect in various pro-angiogenic properties, including cell proliferation, migration and tube formation. A genetic-based strategy in diabetic SIECs using siRNAs against CREM/ICER significantly augmented the PKA-dependent VEGF expression. To this end, the current data identify the importance of CREM/ICER as a negative regulator of endothelial function and establish a link between CREM/ICER overexpression and impaired angiogenesis during the course of diabetes. Moreover, it could also point to CREM/ICER as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of pathological angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad S Bitar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait.
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Department of Pathology, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
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Elsherif L, Ozler M, Zayed MA, Shen JH, Chernoff J, Faber JE, Parise LV. Potential compensation among group I PAK members in hindlimb ischemia and wound healing. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112239. [PMID: 25379771 PMCID: PMC4224450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
PAKs are serine/threonine kinases that regulate cytoskeletal dynamics and cell migration. PAK1 is activated by binding to the small EF hand protein, CIB1, or to the Rho GTPases Rac1 or Cdc42. The role of PAK1 in angiogenesis was established based only on in vitro studies and its role in angiogenesis in vivo has never been examined. Here we tested the hypothesis that PAK1 is an essential regulator of ischemic neovascularization (arteriogenesis and angiogenesis) and wound healing using a global PAK1 knockout mouse. Neovascularization was assessed using unilateral hindlimb ischemia. We found that plantar perfusion, limb use and appearance were not significantly different between 6-8 week old PAK1-/- and PAK1+/+ mice throughout the 21-day period following hindlimb ischemia; however a slightly delayed healing was observed in 16 week old PAK1-/- mice. In addition, the wound healing rate, as assessed with an ear punch assay, was unchanged in PAK1-/- mice. Surprisingly, however, we observed a notable increase in PAK2 expression and phosphorylation in ischemic gastrocnemius tissue from PAK1-/- but not PAK1+/+ mice. Furthermore, we observed higher levels of activated ERK2, but not AKT, in ischemic and non-ischemic muscle of PAK1-/- mice upon hindlimb ischemic injury. A group I PAK inhibitor, IPA3, significantly inhibited endothelial cell sprouting from aortic rings in both PAK1-/- and PAK1+/+ mice, implying that PAK2 is a potential contributor to this process. Taken together, our data indicate that while PAK1 has the potential to contribute to neovascularization and wound healing, PAK2 may functionally compensate when PAK1 is deficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Elsherif
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Mehmet Ozler
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Mohamed A. Zayed
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Jessica H. Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Chernoff
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - James E. Faber
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- McAllister Heart Institute, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Leslie V. Parise
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- McAllister Heart Institute, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
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Che P, Liu J, Shan Z, Wu R, Yao C, Cui J, Zhu X, Wang J, Burnett MS, Wang S, Wang J. miR-125a-5p impairs endothelial cell angiogenesis in aging mice via RTEF-1 downregulation. Aging Cell 2014; 13:926-34. [PMID: 25059272 PMCID: PMC4331751 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in impaired endothelial cell (EC) angiogenesis during aging. However, their exact roles in the aging process remain unclear. We aimed to determine whether miRNAs cause angiogenesis defects in ECs during aging and to uncover the underlying mechanisms. To study the miRNA-induced changes in ECs during aging, we performed microarray analyses on arterial ECs collected from young and aging mice. Using qRT–PCR, we showed that microRNA-125a-5p (mir-125a-5p) expression was approximately 2.9 times higher in old endothelial cells (OECs) compared with samples collected from young animals. Western blot assays showed a lower expression level of an mir-125a-5p target known as related transcriptional enhancer factor-1 (RTEF-1) in OECs compared with its expression levels in young cells. Overexpression of mir-125a-5p in young endothelial cells (YECs) using pre-mir-125a-5p caused the downregulation of RTEF-1, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and resulted in impaired angiogenesis, as evidenced by spheroid sprouting and tube formation assays in vitro. Conversely, repression of mir-125a-5p in OECs using anti-mir-125a-5p increased RTEF-1, eNOS and VEGF expression and improved EC angiogenesis. Importantly, impaired angiogenesis caused by knock-down of RTEF-1 was not efficiently rescued by anti-mir-125a-5p. Dual-luciferase reporter gene analysis showed that RTEF-1 is a direct target of mir-125a-5p, which regulates angiogenesis by repressing RTEF-1 expression and modulating eNOS and VEGF expression. These findings indicate that mir-125a-5p and RTEF-1 are potential therapeutic targets for improving EC-mediated angiogenesis in elderly individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Che
- Department of Vascular Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University NO. 58 Zhongshan Road 2 Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Cardiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen University NO. 58 Zhongshan Road 2 Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Zhen Shan
- Department of Vascular Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University NO. 58 Zhongshan Road 2 Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Ridong Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University NO. 58 Zhongshan Road 2 Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Chen Yao
- Department of Vascular Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University NO. 58 Zhongshan Road 2 Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Jin Cui
- Department of Vascular Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University NO. 58 Zhongshan Road 2 Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Xiaonan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology Laboratory The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University NO.58 Zhongshan Road 2 Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Junwei Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University NO. 58 Zhongshan Road 2 Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Mary Susan Burnett
- Cardiovascular Research Institute MedStar Health Research Institute Washington DC 20010 USA
| | - Shenming Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University NO. 58 Zhongshan Road 2 Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - JinSong Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University NO. 58 Zhongshan Road 2 Guangzhou 510080 China
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