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Sessions LC, Ness M, Mark H, Yang BK. Nursing Faculty Job Satisfaction During COVID-19: A Mixed-Methods Study. Nurs Educ Perspect 2023; 44:353-358. [PMID: 37253198 DOI: 10.1097/01.nep.0000000000001143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to understand stress, resilience, and compassion satisfaction of nursing faculty during the COVID-19 pandemic and identify factors related to their job satisfaction. BACKGROUND The impacts of COVID-19 on faculty stress, resilience, compassion satisfaction, and job satisfaction were unknown. METHOD A mixed-methods survey was distributed electronically to nursing faculty in the United States. RESULTS Compassion satisfaction and resilience were positively correlated with job satisfaction; stress and job satisfaction were negatively correlated. Feeling safe to teach, feeling supported by administration, and spending more hours teaching online were positively associated with job satisfaction. Three themes were identified: challenges in the workplace, struggles with personal stressors, and building capacity in the face of the unknown. CONCLUSION Faculty reported a strong professional commitment to nursing education during the COVID-19 pandemic. Leadership that supported faculty through concern for their safety contributed to participants' ability to respond to the challenges experienced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Sessions
- About the Authors The authors are faculty at Towson University College of Health Professions, Towson, Maryland. Laura C. Sessions, PhD, RN, is an assistant professor. Michelle Ness, PhD, RN, is an assistant professor. Hayley Mark, PhD, RN, FAAN, is department chair. Bo Kyum Yang, PhD, RN, is an assistant professor. For more information, contact Dr. Sessions at
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Flinterman LE, González-González AI, Seils L, Bes J, Ballester M, Bañeres J, Dan S, Domagala A, Dubas-Jakóbczyk K, Likic R, Kroezen M, Batenburg R. Characteristics of Medical Deserts and Approaches to Mitigate Their Health Workforce Issues: A Scoping Review of Empirical Studies in Western Countries. Int J Health Policy Manag 2023; 12:7454. [PMID: 38618823 PMCID: PMC10590222 DOI: 10.34172/ijhpm.2023.7454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical deserts are considered a problematic issue for many Western countries which try to employ multitude of policies and initiatives to achieve a better distribution of their health workforce (HWF). The aim of this study was to systematically map research and provide an overview of definitions, characteristics, contributing factors and approaches to mitigate medical deserts within the European Union (EU)-funded project "ROUTE-HWF" (a Roadmap OUT of mEdical deserts into supportive Health WorkForce initiatives and policies). METHODS We performed a scoping review to identify knowledge clusters/research gaps in the field of medical deserts focusing on HWF issues. Six databases were searched till June 2021. Studies reporting primary research from Western countries on definitions, characteristics, contributing factors, and approaches were included. Two independent reviewers assessed studies for eligibility, extracted data and clustered studies according to the four defined outcomes. RESULTS Two-hundred and forty studies were included (n=116, 48% Australia/New Zealand; n=105, 44% North America; n=20, 8% Europe). All used observational designs except for five quasi-experimental studies. Studies provided definitions (n=171, 71%), characteristics (n=95, 40%), contributing factors (n=112, 47%), and approaches to mitigate medical deserts (n=87, 36%). Most medical deserts were defined by the density of the population in an area. Contributing factors to HWF issues in medical deserts consisted in work-related (n=55, 23%) and lifestyle-related factors (n=33, 14%) of the HWF as well as sociodemographic characteristics (n=79, 33%). Approaches to mitigate them focused on training adapted to the scope of rural practice (n=67, 28%), HWF distribution (n=3, 1%), support/infrastructure (n=8, 3%) and innovative models of care (n=7, 3%). CONCLUSION Our study provides the first scoping review that presents and categorizes definitions, characteristics, contributing factors, and approaches to mitigate HWF issues in medical deserts. We identified gaps such as the scarcity of longitudinal studies to investigate the impact of factors contributing to medical deserts, and interventional studies to evaluate the effectiveness of approaches to mitigate HWF issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda E. Flinterman
- Health Workforce and Organization Studies, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Laura Seils
- Avedis Donabedian Research Institute – UAB, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Bes
- Health Workforce and Organization Studies, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Sorin Dan
- Innovation and Entrepreneurship InnoLab, University of Vaasa, Vaasa, Finland
| | - Alicja Domagala
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Institute of Public Health, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Dubas-Jakóbczyk
- Department of Health Economics and Social Security, Institute of Public Health, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Robert Likic
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marieke Kroezen
- Trimbos Institute, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald Batenburg
- Health Workforce and Organization Studies, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Sociology, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Hoang KTA, Morris RW, Naehrig DN, Glozier N. The comparative mental health of Australian doctors before and during COVID-19: A population-based approach. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2023; 57:511-519. [PMID: 35757939 PMCID: PMC10037126 DOI: 10.1177/00048674221106677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Occupational surveys of doctors consistently show higher rates of depression and anxiety than reported in general population surveys, findings replicated in all other occupational groups, suggesting potential selection bias. We evaluated the comparative mental health of different occupations in Australia from the same sampling frame over the past 6 years and assessed whether COVID-19 differentially affected different occupational groups. METHODS We analysed six annual data waves (2015-2020) from the nationally representative 'Household, Income, and Labour Dynamics in Australia' study. Mental health (Mental Health Inventory-5 from the 36-Item Short Form Survey) and life satisfaction scores of doctors over this period were compared with five other professions and all other employees. Regression models were adjusted for age, gender, income and work hours. Two-way analysis of variance examined the comparative changes in mental health among occupations between 2019 and after exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic in late 2020. RESULTS The sample of 15,174 employed respondents included 106 doctors. The 5-year mean mental health score for doctors (M = 78.7; SD = 13.1) was significantly higher than that for teachers (M = 75.6; SD = 14.9), nurses and midwives (M = 76.6; SD = 15.9), lawyers (M = 74.2; SD = 16.1), accountants (M = 74.2; SD = 16.5) and all other employed respondents (M = 73.1, SD = 16.7) (p < 0.001). Cognitive wellbeing comparisons were similar. There were no significant changes in professionals' mental health over this period except for an improvement in engineers and a decline for teachers. From 2019 to 2020, all occupations suffered mental health declines without any significant inter-occupational differences. CONCLUSION Australian doctors identified from a population-based sample rather than occupational surveys reported better levels of mental health and greater life satisfaction than most professions prior to COVID-19 without experiencing the worsening seen in the general employed population over the past 5 years. From 2020, there was a mental health decline in all of the employed population, not disproportionately affecting doctors. Although over-representing Australian trained general practitioners, the results from both this sample and other tentative findings challenge the discourse in medical advocacy, but need more formal comparative studies to confirm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard W Morris
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Diana Nicole Naehrig
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nick Glozier
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Professor Marie Bashir Centre, Sydney LHD, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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Couch A, Menz HB, O’Sullivan B, Haines T, Williams CM. Describing the factors related to rural podiatry work and retention in the podiatry workforce: a national survey. J Foot Ankle Res 2023; 16:4. [PMID: 36750854 PMCID: PMC9903282 DOI: 10.1186/s13047-023-00603-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maldistribution of podiatrists limits capacity to address the footcare needs of the population. Understanding factors that impact recruitment and retention of Australian podiatrists is a key solution. The primary aim of this study was to describe factors related to rural podiatry work, and overall professional retention amongst Australian podiatrists. METHODS We used data collected from the most recent relevant response of a cohort of Australian podiatrists between 2017 and 2020 of four online surveys. Person and job role variables known to impact current work and retention were collected. Logistic regression models were used to determine factors associated with rural work and intent to leave direct patient care or the profession entirely. RESULTS There were 1129 podiatrists (21% of 5429) who participated in at least one of the survey waves. Podiatrists who had a rural background (30%) were less likely to work in a metropolitan location (OR = 0.20, 95%CI = 0.11,0.37). Podiatrists who undertook a regional/rural placement during their undergraduate education (43%) were more likely to work in a metropolitan location (OR = 1.86, 95%CI = 1.38,2.51). Podiatrists who indicated they were planning to leave direct patient care within 5 years (n = 282, 26%), were less satisfied with working conditions (OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.66, 0.92), less satisfied with opportunities to use their abilities (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.69, 0.99), perceived less personal accomplishment (OR = 0.94, 95% CI 0.86, 0.94) and less job satisfaction (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.91, 0.98). Podiatrists who indicated that they were planning to leave podiatry work entirely within 5 years (n = 223, 21%), were less satisfied with opportunities to use their abilities (OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.62, 0.88), agreed they had a poor support network from other podiatrists (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.13, 1.61), had less job satisfaction (OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.86, 0.94), and did not have access to paid annual leave (OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.38, 0.99). CONCLUSION Findings suggest ways to promote rural work, including selecting university students with rural backgrounds, and optimising the experience of rural placements which currently predict metropolitan practice. To retain podiatrists, it is important to ensure access to leave, professional support, and appropriate physical working conditions. Further research is required to understand why intention to leave is so high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Couch
- Peninsula Health, Allied Health, 2 Hastings Road, Frankston, VIC, 3199, Australia. .,Monash University, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Moorooduc Hwy, Frankston, Australia.
| | - Hylton B. Menz
- grid.1018.80000 0001 2342 0938La Trobe University, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, Bundoora, VIC 3086 Australia
| | - Belinda O’Sullivan
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537The University of Queensland, Rural Clinical School, Toowoomba, QLD 4350 Australia ,Murray Primary Health Network, Bendigo, Victoria 3550 Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Monash University School of Rural Health, Bendigo, Victoria 3550 Australia
| | - Terry Haines
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Monash University, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Moorooduc Hwy, Frankston, Australia
| | - Cylie M. Williams
- grid.466993.70000 0004 0436 2893Peninsula Health, Allied Health, 2 Hastings Road, Frankston, VIC 3199 Australia ,grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Monash University, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Moorooduc Hwy, Frankston, Australia
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Yildiz B, Yildiz T. A systematic review and meta-analytical synthesis of the relationship between work engagement and job satisfaction in nurses. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:3062-3078. [PMID: 35383388 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to clarify the mixed conclusions regarding work engagement and job satisfaction in the nursing research literature by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. DESIGN AND METHODS This meta-analytic review synthesized 15 independent studies published between 2007 and 2021. FINDINGS An overall effect size of random-effect model was calculated as r = 0.47 (k = 15, N = 3,818, 95% confidence interval [0.43;0.51]). Data collection method and presence of control variable, as significant moderators, accounted for 43.6% and 43.8%, respectively, of the effect size heterogeneity. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS While the positive relationship between work engagement and job satisfaction was higher in studies using the face-to-face data collection method, it was lower in studies using the control variable in their research models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bora Yildiz
- Department of Management, Faculty of Economics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Brunel Business School, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, London, UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Tayfun Yildiz
- Department of Management and Organization, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
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Ramos L, Esteves D, Vieira I, Franco S, Simões V. Translation, reliability and validity of the job satisfaction scale in a sample of Portuguese fitness professionals. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-01116-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bradfield OM, Bismark M, Scott A, Spittal M. Medical negligence claims and the health and life satisfaction of Australian doctors: a prospective cohort analysis of the MABEL survey. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e059447. [PMID: 35589347 PMCID: PMC9121477 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association between medical negligence claims and doctors' self-rated health and life satisfaction. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS Registered doctors practising in Australia who participated in waves 4 to 11 of the Medicine in Australia: Balancing Employment and Life (MABEL) longitudinal survey between 2011 and 2018. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Self-rated health and self-rated life satisfaction. RESULTS Of the 15 105 doctors in the study, 885 reported being named in a medical negligence claim. Fixed-effects linear regression analysis showed that both self-rated health and self-rated life satisfaction declined for all doctors over the course of the MABEL survey, with no association between wave and being sued. However, being sued was not associated with any additional declines in self-rated health (coef.=-0.02, 95% CI -0.06 to 0.02, p=0.39) or self-rated life satisfaction (coef.=-0.01, 95% CI -0.08 to 0.07, p=0.91) after controlling for a range of job factors. Instead, we found that working conditions and job satisfaction were the strongest predictors of self-rated health and self-rated life satisfaction in sued doctors. In analyses restricted to doctors who were sued, we observed no changes in self-rated health (p=0.99) or self-rated life satisfaction (p=0.59) in the years immediately following a claim. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to prior overseas cross-sectional survey studies, we show that medical negligence claims do not adversely affect the well-being of doctors in Australia when adjusting for time trends and previously established covariates. This may be because: (1) prior studies failed to adequately address issues of causation and confounding; or (2) legal processes governing medical negligence claims in Australia cause less distress compared with those in other jurisdictions. Our findings suggest that the interaction between medical negligence claims and poor doctors' health is more complex than revealed through previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen M Bradfield
- Law and Public Health Unit, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marie Bismark
- Law and Public Health Unit, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anthony Scott
- Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew Spittal
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Anderson NN, Dong K, Baker GR, Moody L, Scane K, Urquhart R, Wodchis WP, Gagliardi AR. Impacts of patient and family engagement in hospital planning and improvement: qualitative interviews with patient/family advisors and hospital staff. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:360. [PMID: 35303884 PMCID: PMC8932199 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-07747-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patient engagement (PE) in hospital planning and improvement is widespread, yet we lack evidence of its impact. We aimed to identify benefits and harms that could be used to assess the impact of hospital PE. Methods We interviewed hospital-affiliated persons involved in PE activities using a qualitative descriptive approach and inductive content analysis to derive themes. We interpreted themes by mapping to an existing framework of healthcare performance measures and reported themes with exemplar quotes. Results Participants included 38 patient/family advisors, PE managers and clinicians from 9 hospitals (2 < 100 beds, 4 100 + beds, 3 teaching). Benefits of PE activities included 9 impacts on the capacity of hospitals. PE activities involved patient/family advisors and clinicians/staff in developing and spreading new PE processes across hospital units or departments, and those involved became more adept and engaged. PE had beneficial effects on hospital structures/resources, clinician staff functions and processes, patient experience and patient outcomes. A total of 14 beneficial impacts of PE were identified across these domains. Few unintended or harmful impacts were identified: overextended patient/family advisors, patient/family advisor turnover and clinician frustration if PE slowed the pace of planning and improvement. Conclusions The 23 self reported impacts were captured in a Framework of Impacts of Patient/Family Engagement on Hospital Planning and Improvement, which can be used by decision-makers to assess and allocate resources to hospital PE, and as the basis for ongoing research on the impacts of hospital PE and how to measure it. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-022-07747-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie N Anderson
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, 13EN-228, M5G2C4, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kelly Dong
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - G Ross Baker
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lesley Moody
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kerseri Scane
- Patient Partnerships, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Robin Urquhart
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Walter P Wodchis
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Anna R Gagliardi
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, 13EN-228, M5G2C4, Toronto, Canada.
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Gedde SJ, Feuer WJ, Crane AM, Shi W. Factors Influencing Career Decisions and Satisfaction Among Newly Practicing Ophthalmologists. Am J Ophthalmol 2022; 234:285-326. [PMID: 34157277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the career choices of newly practicing ophthalmologists and explore factors influencing career decisions and satisfaction. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from an electronic survey of ophthalmologists who completed training within the prior 5 years. The survey included questions about demographic information, medical education, current practice, factors affecting career choices, and career satisfaction. Statistical comparisons were made based on gender, type of practice, subspecialty training, and practice area. RESULTS Surveys were completed by 696 (32%) newly practicing ophthalmologists, including 276 (40%) women, 179 (29%) academicians, and 465 (67%) subspecialists. A higher proportion of female respondents entered academics than male respondents (36% vs 26%, P = .009). Female and male respondents pursued fellowship training with similar frequency (64% vs 68%, P = .32), but men were more likely to seek vitreoretinal fellowships (30% vs 11%, P < .001) and women were more likely to undertake fellowships in pediatric ophthalmology (21% vs 8%, P < .001), uveitis (10% vs 2%, P = .002), and neuro-ophthalmology (6% vs 2%, P = .042). A total of 514 (83%) respondents reported being happy with work life. CONCLUSIONS The career choices of newly practicing ophthalmologists differ based on gender, type of practice, subspecialty training, and practice area. Many factors affect career decisions, and they have varying influence on subgroups within ophthalmology. Ophthalmologists have high levels of career satisfaction. This information may prove useful when developing workforce strategies to meet future eye care needs. NOTE: Publication of this article is sponsored by the American Ophthalmological Society.
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Naehrig D, Schokman A, Hughes JK, Epstein R, Hickie IB, Glozier N. Effect of interventions for the well-being, satisfaction and flourishing of general practitioners-a systematic review. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e046599. [PMID: 34408036 PMCID: PMC8375719 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Clinician well-being has been recognised as an important pillar of healthcare. However, research mainly addresses mitigating the negative aspects of stress or burnout, rather than enabling positive aspects. With the added strain of a pandemic, identifying how best to maintain and support the well-being, satisfaction and flourishing of general practitioners (GPs) is now more important than ever. DESIGN Systematic review. DATA SOURCES We searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL and Scopus from 2000 to 2020. STUDY SELECTION Intervention studies with more than 50% GPs in the sample evaluating self-reported well-being, satisfaction and related positive outcomes were included. The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool was applied. RESULTS We retrieved 14 792 records, 94 studies underwent full-text review. We included 19 studies in total. Six randomised controlled trials, three non-randomised, controlled trials, eight non-controlled studies of individual or organisational interventions with a total of 1141 participants. There were two quasi-experimental articles evaluating health system policy change. Quantitative and qualitative positive outcomes were extracted and analysed. Individual mindfulness interventions were the most common (k=9) with medium to large within-group (0.37-1.05) and between-group (0.5-1.5) effect sizes for mindfulness outcomes, and small-to-medium effect sizes for other positive outcomes including resilience, compassion and empathy. Studies assessing other intervention foci or other positive outcomes (including well-being, satisfaction) were of limited size and quality. CONCLUSIONS There is remarkably little evidence on how to improve GPs well-being beyond using mindfulness interventions, particularly for interventions addressing organisational or system factors. This was further undermined by inconsistent reporting, and overall high risk of bias. We need to conduct research in this space with the same rigour with which we approach clinical intervention studies in patients. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020164699. FUNDING SOURCE Dr Diana Naehrig is funded through the Raymond Seidler PhD scholarship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Naehrig
- The Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Aaron Schokman
- The Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Ronald Epstein
- Family Medicine Research Programs, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Ian B Hickie
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nick Glozier
- The Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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Ostini R, McGrail MR, Kondalsamy-Chennakesavan S, Hill P, O'Sullivan B, Selvey LA, Eley DS, Adegbija O, Boyle FM, Dettrick Z, Jennaway M, Strasser S. Building a sustainable rural physician workforce. Med J Aust 2021; 215 Suppl 1:S5-S33. [PMID: 34218436 DOI: 10.5694/mja2.51122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
CHAPTER 1: CHARACTERISING AUSTRALIA'S RURAL SPECIALIST PHYSICIAN WORKFORCE: THE PROFESSIONAL PROFILE AND PROFESSIONAL SATISFACTION OF JUNIOR DOCTORS AND CONSULTANTS: Objective: To assess differences in the demographic characteristics, professional profile and professional satisfaction of rural and metropolitan junior physicians and physician consultants in Australia. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Cross-sectional, population level national survey of the Medicine in Australia: Balancing Employment and Life longitudinal cohort study (collected 2008-2016). Participants were specialist physicians from four career stage groups: pre-registrars (physician intent); registrars; new consultants (< 5 years since Fellowship); and consultants. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Level of professional satisfaction across various job aspects, such as hours worked, working conditions, support networks and educational opportunities, comparing rural and metropolitan based physicians. RESULTS Participants included 1587 pre-registrars (15% rural), 1745 physician registrars (9% rural), 421 new consultants (20% rural) and 1143 consultants (13% rural). Rural physicians of all career stages demonstrated equivalent professional satisfaction across most job aspects, compared with metropolitan physician counterparts. Some examples of differences in satisfaction included rural pre-registrars being less likely to agree they had good access to support and supervision from qualified consultants (odds ratio [OR], 0.6; 95% CI, 0.3-0.9) and rural consultants being more likely to agree they had a poorer professional support network (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.2-2.9). In terms of demographics, relatively more rural physicians had a rural background or were trained overseas. Although most junior physicians were women, female consultants were less likely to be working in a rural location (OR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.4-0.8). CONCLUSION Junior physicians in metropolitan or rural settings have a similar professional experience, which is important in attracting future trainees. Increased opportunities for rural training should be prioritised, along with addressing concerns about the professional isolation and poorer support network of those in rural areas, not only among junior doctors but also consultants. Finally, making rural practice more attractive to female junior physicians could greatly improve the consultant physician distribution. CHAPTER 2: GENERAL PHYSICIANS AND PAEDIATRICIANS IN RURAL AUSTRALIA: THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY: Objective: To explore the construction of professional identity among general physicians and paediatricians working in non-metropolitan areas. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with general physicians and paediatricians, plus informants from specialist colleges, government agencies and academia who were involved in policy and programs for the training and recruitment of specialists in rural locations across three states and two territories. This research is part of the Training Pathways and Professional Support for Building a Rural Physician Workforce Study, 2018-19. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Individual and collective descriptors of professional identity. RESULTS We interviewed 36 key informants. Professional identity for general physicians and paediatricians working in regional, rural and remote Australia is grounded in the breadth of their training, but qualified by location - geographic location, population served or specific location, where social and cultural context specifically shapes practice. General physicians and paediatricians were deeply engaged with their local community and its economic vulnerability, and they described the population size and dynamics of local economies as determinants of viable practice. They often complemented their practice with formal or informal training in areas of special interest, but balanced their practice against subspecialist availability, also dependent on demographics. While valuing their professional roles, they showed limited inclination for industrial organisation. CONCLUSION Despite limited consensus on identity descriptors, rural general physicians and paediatricians highly value generalism and their rural engagement. The structural and geographic bias that preferences urban areas will need to be addressed to further develop coordinated strategies for advanced training in rural contexts, for which collective identity is integral. CHAPTER 3: SUSTAINABLE RURAL PHYSICIAN TRAINING: LEADERSHIP IN A FRAGILE ENVIRONMENT: Objectives: To understand Royal Australasian College of Physicians (RACP) training contexts, including supervisor and trainee perspectives, and to identify contributors to the sustainability of training sites, including training quality. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A cross-sectional mixed-methods design was used. A national sample of RACP trainees and Fellows completed online surveys. Survey respondents who indicated willingness to participate in interviews were purposively recruited to cover perspectives from a range of geographic, demographic and training context parameters. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Fellows' and trainees' work and life satisfaction, and their experiences of supervision and training, respectively, by geographic location. RESULTS Fellows and trainees reported high levels of satisfaction, with one exception - inner regional Fellows reported lower satisfaction regarding opportunities to use their abilities. Not having a good support network was associated with lower satisfaction. Our qualitative findings indicate that a culture of undermining rural practice is prevalent and that good leadership at all levels is important to reduce negative impacts on supervisor and trainee availability, site accreditation and viability. Trainees described challenges in navigating training pathways, ensuring career development, and having the flexibility to meet family needs. The small number of Fellows in some sites poses challenges for supervisors and trainees and results in a blurring of roles; accreditation is an obstacle to provision of training at rural sites; and the overlap between service and training roles can be difficult for supervisors. CONCLUSION Our qualitative findings emphasise the distinctive nature of regional specialist training, which can make it a fragile environment. Leadership at all levels is critical to sustaining accreditation and support for supervisors and trainees. CHAPTER 4: PRINCIPLES TO GUIDE TRAINING AND PROFESSIONAL SUPPORT FOR A SUSTAINABLE RURAL SPECIALIST PHYSICIAN WORKFORCE: Objective: To draw on research conducted in the Building a Rural Physician Workforce project, the first national study on rural specialist physicians, to define a set of principles applicable to guiding training and professional support action. DESIGN We used elements of the Delphi approach for systematic data collection and codesign, and applied a hybrid participatory action planning approach to achieve consensus on a set of principles. RESULTS Eight interconnected foundational principles built around rural regions and rural people were identified: FP1, grow your own "connected to" place; FP2, select trainees invested in rural practice; FP3, ground training in community need; FP4, rural immersion - not exposure; FP5, optimise and invest in general medicine; FP6, include service and academic learning components; FP7, join up the steps in rural training; and FP8, plan sustainable specialist roles. CONCLUSION These eight principles can guide training and professional support to build a sustainable rural physician workforce. Application of the principles, and coordinated action by stakeholders and the responsible organisations, are needed at national, state and local levels to achieve a sustainable rural physician workforce.
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Vallières F, Mubiri P, Agyemang SA, Amon S, Gerold J, Martineau T, Nolan A, O'Byrne T, Sanudi L, Sengooba F, Prytherch H. Determinants of safety climate at primary care level in Ghana, Malawi and Uganda: a cross-sectional study across 138 selected primary healthcare facilities. HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH 2021; 19:73. [PMID: 34098988 PMCID: PMC8186040 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-021-00617-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Safety climate is an essential component of achieving Universal Health Coverage, with several organisational, unit or team-level, and individual health worker factors identified as influencing safety climate. Few studies however, have investigated how these factors contribute to safety climate within health care settings in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The current study examines the relationship between key organisational, unit and individual-level factors and safety climate across primary health care centres in Ghana, Malawi and Uganda. METHODS A cross-sectional, self-administered survey was conducted across 138 primary health care facilities in nine districts across Uganda, Ghana and Malawi. In total, 760 primary health workers completed the questionnaire. The relationships between individual (sex, job satisfaction), unit (teamwork climate, supportive supervision), organisational-level (district managerial support) and safety climate were tested using structural equation modelling (SEM) procedures. Post hoc analyses were also carried out to explore these relationships within each country. RESULTS Our model including all countries explained 55% of the variance in safety climate. In this model, safety climate was most strongly associated with teamwork (β = 0.56, p < 0.001), supportive supervision (β = 0.34, p < 0.001), and district managerial support (β = 0.29, p < 0.001). In Ghana, safety climate was positively associated with job satisfaction (β = 0.30, p < 0.05), teamwork (β = 0.46, p < 0.001), and supportive supervision (β = 0.21, p < 0.05), whereby the model explained 43% of the variance in safety climate. In Uganda, the total variance explained by the model was 64%, with teamwork (β = 0.56, p < 0.001), supportive supervision (β = 0.43, p < 0.001), and perceived district managerial support (β = 0.35, p < 0.001) all found to be positively associated with climate. In Malawi, the total variance explained by the model was 63%, with teamwork (β = 0.39, p = 0.005) and supportive supervision (β = 0.27, p = 0.023) significantly and positively associated with safety climate. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the importance of unit-level factors-and in specific, teamwork and supportive supervision-as particularly important contributors to perceptions of safety climate among primary health workers in LMICs. Implications for practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédérique Vallières
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, Trinity College Dublin, 7-9 Leinster Street South, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Paul Mubiri
- School of Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Samuel Agyei Agyemang
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, P. O. Box LG13, Accra, Ghana
| | - Samuel Amon
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, P. O. Box LG13, Accra, Ghana
| | - Jana Gerold
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002, Basel, Switzerland.
- University of Basel, 4003, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Tim Martineau
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ann Nolan
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, Trinity College Dublin, 7-9 Leinster Street South, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Thomasena O'Byrne
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, Trinity College Dublin, 7-9 Leinster Street South, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Lifah Sanudi
- Research for Equity and Community Health Trust (REACH Trust), Lilongwe, Malawi
| | | | - Helen Prytherch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, 4003, Basel, Switzerland
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Zaresani A, Scott A. Does digital health technology improve physicians' job satisfaction and work-life balance? A cross-sectional national survey and regression analysis using an instrumental variable. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e041690. [PMID: 33310807 PMCID: PMC7735090 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the association between physicians' use of digital health technology and their job satisfaction and work-life balance. DESIGN A cross-sectional nationally representative survey of physicians and probit regression models were used to examine the association between using digital health technology and the probability of reporting high job satisfaction and a good work-life balance. Models included a rich set of covariates, including physicians' personality traits, and instrumental variable analysis was used to control for bias from unobservable confounders and reverse causality. SETTING Clinical practice settings in Australia, including physicians working in primary care, hospitals, outpatient settings, and physicians working in the public and private sectors. PARTICIPANTS Respondents to wave 11 (2018-2019) of the Medicine in Australia: Balancing Employment and Life (MABEL) longitudinal survey of doctors. The analysis sample included a broadly nationally representative sample of 7043 physicians, including general practitioners, specialists and physicians in training. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The proportion of respondents who used any digital health technology; proportion answered 'moderately satisfied' or 'very satisfied' to the statement on job satisfaction: 'Taking everything into account, how do you feel about your work'; proportion agreeing or strongly agreeing to the statement on work-life balance: 'The balance between my personal and professional commitments is about right.' RESULTS Physicians with positive beliefs about the effectiveness of using digital health technology were 3.8 percentage points (95% CI 2.7 to 5.0) more likely to use digital health technology compared with those who did not. Physicians with colleagues who already used digital health technology were also 4.1 percentage points (95% CI 2.6 to 5.6) more likely to use digital health technology. The availability of IT support and lack of privacy concerns increased the probability of using digital health technology by 1.6 percentage points (95% CI 1.0 to 2.3) and 0.5 percentage points (95% CI 0.1 to 1.0). Physicians who used digital health technology were 14.2 percentage points (95% CI -1.3 to 29.7) and 20.3 percentage points (95% CI 2.4 to 38.1) more likely to report respectively higher job satisfaction and good work-life balance, compared with the physicians who did not use it. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggested digital health technology served more as a work resource than work demand for physicians who used it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezou Zaresani
- University of Manitoba, Institute for Labor Economics (IZA) and Tax and Transfer Policy Institute (TTPI) at The Australian National University, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Anthony Scott
- Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
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Heritage B, Pollock C, Roberts LD. Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Warr, Cook, and Wall's (1979) Job Satisfaction Scale. AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ap.12103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brody Heritage
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University,
| | | | - Lynne D Roberts
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University,
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Lennon M, O’Sullivan B, McGrail M, Russell D, Suttie J, Preddy J. Attracting junior doctors to rural centres: A national study of work‐life conditions and satisfaction. Aust J Rural Health 2019; 27:482-488. [DOI: 10.1111/ajr.12577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Lennon
- Rural Clinical School University of New South Wales Wagga Wagga New South Wales Australia
| | | | - Matthew McGrail
- Monash University School of Rural Health Churchill Victoria Australia
- Rural Clinical School University of Queensland Rockhampton Queensland Australia
| | - Deborah Russell
- Monash University School of Rural Health Bendigo Victoria Australia
| | - Joseph Suttie
- Rural Clinical School University of New South Wales Wagga Wagga New South Wales Australia
- Wagga Wagga Clinical School Notre Dame University Wagga Wagga New South Wales Australia
| | - John Preddy
- Rural Clinical School University of New South Wales Wagga Wagga New South Wales Australia
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Rosta J, Aasland OG, Nylenna M. Changes in job satisfaction among doctors in Norway from 2010 to 2017: a study based on repeated surveys. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e027891. [PMID: 31501103 PMCID: PMC6738724 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess job satisfaction for different categories of Norwegian doctors from 2010 to 2016-2017. DESIGN Cross-sectional surveys in 2010, 2012, 2014 and 2016-2017 of partly overlapping samples. SETTING Norway from 2010 to 2016-2017. PARTICIPANTS Doctors working in different job positions (hospital doctors, general practitioners (GPs), private practice specialists, doctors in academia). Response rates were 67% (1014/1520) in 2010, 71% (1279/1792) in 2012, 75% (1158/1545) in 2014 and 73% (1604/2195) in 2016-2017. The same 548 doctors responded at all four points in time. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Job Satisfaction Scale (JSS), a 10-item widely used instrument, with scores ranging from 1 (low satisfaction) to 7 (high satisfaction) for each item, and an unweighted mean total sum score. ANALYSIS General Linear Modelling, controlling for gender and age, and paired t-tests. RESULTS For all doctors, the mean scores of JSS decreased significantly from 5.52 (95% CI 5.42 to 5.61) in 2010 to 5.30 (5.22 to 5.38) in 2016-2017. The decrease was significant for GPs (5.54, 5.43 to 5.65 vs 5.17, 5.07 to 5.28) and hospital doctors (5.14, 5.07 to 5.21 vs 5.00, 4.94 to 5.06). Private practice specialists were most satisfied, followed by GPs and hospital doctors. The difference between the GPs and the private practice specialists increased over time. CONCLUSIONS From 2010 to 2016-2017 job satisfaction for Norwegian doctors decreased, but it was still at a relatively high level. Several healthcare reforms and regulations over the last decade and changes in the professional culture may explain some of the reduced satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Rosta
- LEFO-Institute for Studies of the Medical Profession, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olaf G Aasland
- LEFO-Institute for Studies of the Medical Profession, Oslo, Norway
| | - Magne Nylenna
- The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Samarasooriya RC, Park J, Yoon SH, Oh J, Baek S. Self-Directed Learning Among Nurse Learners in Sri Lanka. J Contin Educ Nurs 2019; 50:41-48. [PMID: 30645658 DOI: 10.3928/00220124-20190102-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although self-directed learning (SDL) has become an essential instrument for educating nursing professionals, little is known about SDL among nurses in a developing country. METHOD Data were collected using a structured self-reporting survey, which included Fisher's Self-Directed Learning Readiness (SDLR) scale, and a multiple linear regression analysis was conducted. RESULTS The mean score per item on the SDLR was 4.31 of 5. The learning-related factors that influenced SDLR were motivation for learning and self-efficacy in English proficiency, and the working-related factor was job satisfaction. These variables accounted for 17.6% of the variance in SDLR scores. CONCLUSION The SDLR of nurse learners in Sri Lanka was influenced not only by learning-related factors but also by working-related factors. Therefore, it is necessary to develop multidimensional strategies to strengthen nurses' SDLR. [J Contin Educ Nurs. 2019;50(1):41-48.].
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Goetz K, Schuldei R, Steinhäuser J. Working conditions, job satisfaction and challenging encounters in dentistry: a cross-sectional study. Int Dent J 2019; 69:44-49. [DOI: 10.1111/idj.12414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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Goetz K, Mahnkopf J, Kornitzky A, Steinhäuser J. Difficult medical encounters and job satisfaction - results of a cross sectional study with general practitioners in Germany. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2018; 19:57. [PMID: 29743017 PMCID: PMC5944023 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-018-0747-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Background In primary care 15% of patient encounters are perceived as challenging by general practitioners (GP). However it is unknown what impact these encounters have regarding job satisfaction. The aim of this study was to evaluate which encounters are perceived as challenging by German GPs and whether they were associated with job satisfaction. Methods A total of 1538 questionnaires were sent to GPs in the federal state of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. GPs should rate 14 medical conditions and 8 traits of patients on the perceived challenge using a Likert scale (1: ‘not challenging at all’ to 10: ‘extremely challenging’). Job satisfaction was measured with the Warr–Cook–Wall job satisfaction scale. A linear regression analyses were used to explore potential associations between for the primary outcome variable ‘overall job satisfaction’. Results Total response was 578 (38%). GPs perceived 16% of their patients as challenging. Psychiatric disorders such as somatization disorder (mean = 7.42), schizophrenia (mean = 6.83) and anxiety disorder (mean = 6.57) were ranked as high challenging while diabetes mellitus type 2 (mean = 4.87) and high blood pressure (mean = 3.22) were ranked as a rather low challenging condition. GPs were mostly satisfied with ‘colleagues’ (mean = 5.80) and mostly dissatisfied with their ‘hours of work’ (mean = 4.20). The linear regression analysis showed no association with challenging medical conditions and traits of patients but only with different aspects of job satisfaction concerning the outcome variable ‘overall job satisfaction’. Conclusions Especially psychiatric conditions are perceived as challenging the question arises, in what amount psychiatric competences are gained during the postgraduate specialty training in general practice and if GPs with a mandatory rotation in psychiatry perceive these conditions as less challenging. Interestingly this study indicates that challenging encounter in terms of challenging medical conditions and traits of patients do not affect GP’s job satisfaction. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12875-018-0747-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Goetz
- Institute of Family Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Luebeck, Germany.
| | - Janis Mahnkopf
- Institute of Family Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Anna Kornitzky
- Institute of Family Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Jost Steinhäuser
- Institute of Family Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Luebeck, Germany
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The Phenomena of Naturopathic Practitioner: Predictors of a High Patient Throughput. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:9758326. [PMID: 29234449 PMCID: PMC5688363 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9758326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective. The aim of the current study was to evaluate which factors predicted a high patient throughput to add more evidence to the phenomena of naturopathic practitioners. Methods. The cross-sectional study was based on a questionnaire with a sample of 1,096 naturopathic practitioners in the German Federal State of Schleswig-Holstein. Besides, sociodemographic data and practice characteristics topics like job satisfaction and feeling for the job were evaluated. This was supplemented with an evaluation of patient traits which were perceived as challenging. Descriptive statistics and binary regression analysis were computed to identify potential predictors to a high patient throughput. Results. A response rate of 29.4% (322/1096 participants) was observed for the study. In general, our sample of the naturopathic practitioners was very satisfied with their job (mean = 6.38). Naturopathic practitioners described that 40% of their patients are challenging. The highest rate was for “aggressive patients.” A high patient throughput was predicted with a higher satisfaction rate with the “opportunity to use abilities” and more direct contact with the patient. Conclusions. Therapeutic freedom and time with patients are important factors which are accountable for a high patient throughput. Moreover, our study provides evidence for the understanding of the phenomena of naturopathic practitioners.
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Gatti P, Ghislieri C, Cortese CG. Relationships between followers' behaviors and job satisfaction in a sample of nurses. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185905. [PMID: 28982186 PMCID: PMC5628884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The study investigated two followership behaviors, followers’ active engagement and followers’ independent critical thinking, and their relationship with job satisfaction in a sample of nurses. In addition, the study also considered a number of control variables and classical job demands and job resources—workload and emotional dissonance for job demands, and meaningful work for job resources—which have an impact on well-being at work. A paper-and-pencil questionnaire was administered to 425 nurses in an Italian hospital, and a hierarchical multiple regression was used to test the hypotheses. In addition to the job demands and job resources considered, followers’ active engagement had a significant impact on job satisfaction. Moreover, it showed a significant linear and curvilinear relationship with the outcome variable. Followers’ independent critical thinking has a non significant relationship with job satisfaction, confirming the mixed results obtained in the past for this dimension. These findings bore out the importance of analyzing followers’ behaviors as potential resources that people can use on the job to increase their own well-being. Looking at followers not just as passive recipients but as active and proactive employees can also benefit the organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Gatti
- Department of Psychology, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
- * E-mail: (PG); (CG)
| | - Chiara Ghislieri
- Department of Psychology, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
- * E-mail: (PG); (CG)
| | - Claudio G. Cortese
- Department of Psychology, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
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O'Sullivan B, McGrail M, Russell D. Rural specialists: The nature of their work and professional satisfaction by geographical location of work. Aust J Rural Health 2017; 25:338-346. [DOI: 10.1111/ajr.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Belinda O'Sullivan
- Office of Research; Monash University School of Rural Health; Bendigo Victoria Australia
- NHMRC Centre for Excellence in Medical Workforce Dynamics; Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research; University of Melbourne; Carlton Victoria Australia
| | - Matthew McGrail
- Monash University School of Rural Health; Churchill Victoria Australia
- NHMRC Centre for Excellence in Medical Workforce Dynamics; Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research; University of Melbourne; Carlton Victoria Australia
| | - Deborah Russell
- Office of Research; Monash University School of Rural Health; Bendigo Victoria Australia
- NHMRC Centre for Excellence in Medical Workforce Dynamics; Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research; University of Melbourne; Carlton Victoria Australia
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Satisfied naturopathic practitioners? Results from a job satisfaction survey in the federal state of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. Eur J Integr Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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de Oliveira Vasconcelos Filho P, de Souza MR, Elias PEM, D'Ávila Viana AL. Physicians' job satisfaction and motivation in a public academic hospital. HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH 2016; 14:75. [PMID: 27923402 PMCID: PMC5142149 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-016-0169-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physician shortage is a global issue that concerns Brazil's authorities. The organizational structure and the environment of a medical institution can hide a low-quality life of a physician. This study examines the relationship between the hospital work environment and physicians' job satisfaction and motivation when working in a large public academic hospital. METHODS The study was restricted to one large, multispecialty Brazil's hospital. Six hundred hospital physicians were invited to participate by e-mail. A short version of the Physician Worklife Survey (PWS) was used to measure working satisfaction. Physicians were also asked for socio-demographic information, medical specialty, and the intention to continue working in the hospital. RESULTS Data from 141 questionnaires were included in the analyses. Forty-five physicians graduated from the hospital's university, and they did not intend to leave the hospital under any circumstance (affective bond). The motivating factor for beginning the career at the hospital and to continue working there were the connection to the medical school and the hospital status as a "prestigious academic hospital"; the physicians were more satisfied with the career than the specialty. Only 30% completely agreed with the statement "If I had to start my career over again, I would choose my current specialty," while 45% completely agreed with the statement "I am not well compensated given my training and experience." The greater point of satisfaction was the relationship with physician colleagues. They are annoyed about the amount of calls they are requested to take and about how work encroaches on their personal time. No significant differences between medical specialties were found in the analysis. CONCLUSIONS The participants were satisfied with their profession. The fact that they remained at the hospital was related to the academic environment, the relationship with colleagues, and the high prestige in which society holds the institution. The points of dissatisfaction were inadequate remuneration and the fact that work invaded personal time. Routinely, there is a need for organizations to examine the impact of their structures, policies, and procedures on the stress and quality of life of physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo de Oliveira Vasconcelos Filho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine of University of São Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 455 2° andar, São Paulo, 01246-903, SP, Brazil.
- , .
- , 435/21 R Estado de Israel, Sao Paulo, 04022-001, SP, Brazil.
| | - Miriam Regina de Souza
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine of University of São Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 455 2° andar, São Paulo, 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Eduardo Mangeon Elias
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine of University of São Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 455 2° andar, São Paulo, 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza D'Ávila Viana
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine of University of São Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 455 2° andar, São Paulo, 01246-903, SP, Brazil
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Abstract
All British physician associates (PAs) were invited to participate in the annual census of the UK Association of Physician Associates (UKAPA) in May 2014. Each participant completed the Cooper 10-item Job Satisfaction Scale and a PA-specific job satisfaction survey. In general, PAs were found to be satisfied with their work. No factor assessed by the survey had lower than a 66.6% satisfaction rate. Of the factors assessed, PAs were most satisfied with their relationships with the doctors on their teams. They were least satisfied with their ability to use their training and abilities, with only 66.6% of participants reporting satisfaction with this aspect of their work. Like their American colleagues, British PAs are generally satisfied with their work. They are least satisfied with their ability to fully use their training, which is likely due to the youth of the profession, lack of prescriptive rights and lack of understanding of the PA role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara S Ritsema
- George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA and honorary senior lecturer, Physician Associate Programme, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Karen A Roberts
- Physician Associate Programme, St George's, University of London, London, UK
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Goetz K, Jossen M, Szecsenyi J, Rosemann T, Hahn K, Hess S. Job satisfaction of primary care physicians in Switzerland: an observational study. Fam Pract 2016; 33:498-503. [PMID: 27288874 DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmw047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Job satisfaction of physicians is an important issue for performance of a health care system. The aim of the study was to evaluate the job satisfaction of primary care physicians in Switzerland and to explore associations between overall job satisfaction, individual characteristics and satisfaction with aspects of work within the practice separated by gender. METHODS This cross-sectional study was based on a job satisfaction survey. Data were collected from 176 primary care physicians working in 91 primary care practices. Job satisfaction was measured with the 10-item Warr-Cook-Wall job satisfaction scale. Stepwise linear regression analysis was performed for physicians separated by gender. RESULTS The response rate was 92.6%. Primary care physicians reported the highest level of satisfaction with 'freedom of working method' (mean = 6.45) and the lowest satisfaction for 'hours of work' (mean = 5.38) and 'income' (mean = 5.49). Moreover, some aspects of job satisfaction were rated higher by female physicians than male physicians. Within the stepwise regression analysis, the aspect 'opportunity to use abilities' (β = 0.644) showed the highest association to overall job satisfaction for male physicians while for female physicians it was income (β = 0.733). CONCLUSIONS The presented results contribute to an understanding of factors that influence levels of satisfaction of female and male physicians. Therefore, research and intervention about job satisfaction should consider gender as well as the stereotypes that come along with these social roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Goetz
- Department of General Practice and Health Services Research, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, Institute of Family Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany,
| | | | - Joachim Szecsenyi
- Department of General Practice and Health Services Research, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, AQUA-Institute for Applied Quality Improvement and Research in Health Care, Goettingen, Germany and
| | - Thomas Rosemann
- Institute of General Practice and Health Services Research, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Karolin Hahn
- AQUA-Institute for Applied Quality Improvement and Research in Health Care, Goettingen, Germany and
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Pedrazza M, Berlanda S, Trifiletti E, Bressan F. Exploring Physicians' Dissatisfaction and Work-Related Stress: Development of the PhyDis Scale. Front Psychol 2016; 7:1238. [PMID: 27588013 PMCID: PMC4988987 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Research, all over the world, is starting to recognize the potential impact of physicians' dissatisfaction and burnout on their productivity, that is, on their intent to leave the job, on their work ability, on the amount of sick leave days, on their intent to continue practicing, and last but not least, on the quality of the services provided, which is an essential part of the general medical care system. It was interest of the provincial medical board's ethical committee to acquire information about physician's work-related stress and dissatisfaction. The research group was committed to define the indicators of dissatisfaction and work-related stressors. Focus groups were carried out, 21 stressful experience's indicators were identified; we developed an online questionnaire to assess the amount of perceived stress relating to each indicator at work (3070 physicians were contacted by e-mail); quantitative and qualitative data analysis were carried out. The grounded theory perspective was applied in order to assure the most reliable procedure to investigate the concepts' structure of "work-related stress." We tested the five dimensions' model of the stressful experience with a confirmatory factor analysis: Personal Costs; Decline in Public Image and Role Uncertainty; Physician's Responsibility toward hopelessly ill Patients; Relationship with Staff and Colleagues; Bureaucracy. We split the sample according to attachment style (secure and insecure -anxious and avoidant-). Results show the complex representation of physicians' dissatisfaction at work also with references to the variable of individual difference of attachment security/insecurity. The discriminant validity of the scale was tested. The original contribution of this paper lies on the one hand in the qualitative in depth inductive analysis of physicians' dissatisfaction starting from physicians' perception, on the other hand, it represents the first attempt to analyze the physicians' dissatisfaction with reference to attachment styles, which is recognized as being a central variable of individual difference supporting caregiving practices. This study represents an original and innovative attempt to address physicians' dissatisfaction and job satisfaction. The PhyDis scale has been developed and, in line with international findings, our results indicate that role uncertainty and loss of social esteem are the most dissatisfying factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Pedrazza
- Department of Human Sciences, University of VeronaVerona, Italy
| | | | | | - Franco Bressan
- Department of Economics, University of VeronaVerona, Italy
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Janse B, Huijsman R, de Kuyper RDM, Fabbricotti IN. Delivering Integrated Care to the Frail Elderly: The Impact on Professionals' Objective Burden and Job Satisfaction. Int J Integr Care 2016; 16:7. [PMID: 28413364 PMCID: PMC5374987 DOI: 10.5334/ijic.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of integrated working on professionals' objective burden and job satisfaction was examined. An evidence-based intervention targeting frail elderly patients was implemented in the Walcheren region of the Netherlands in 2010. The intervention involved the primary care practice as a single entry point, and included proactive frailty screening, a comprehensive assessment of patient needs, case management, multidisciplinary teams, care plans and protocols, task delegation and task specialisation, a shared information system, a geriatric care network and integrated funding. METHODS A quasi-experimental design with a control group was used. Data regarding objective burden involved the professionals' time investments over a 12-month period that were collected from patient medical records (n = 377) time registrations, transcripts of meetings and patient questionnaires. Data regarding job satisfaction were collected using questionnaires that were distributed to primary care and home-care professionals (n = 180) after the intervention's implementation. Within- and between-groups comparisons and regression analyses were performed. RESULTS Non-patient related time was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group, whereas patient-related time did not differ. Job satisfaction remained unaffected by the intervention. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION Integrated working is likely to increase objective burden as it requires professionals to perform additional activities that are largely unrelated to actual patient care. Implications for research and practice are discussed. [Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN05748494].
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Janse
- Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, School of Health Care, P.O. Box 25035, 3001 HA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robbert Huijsman
- Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, School of Health Care, P.O. Box 25035, 3001 HA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Isabelle Natalina Fabbricotti
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Janse B, Huijsman R, de Kuyper RDM, Fabbricotti IN. Do integrated care structures foster processes of integration? A quasi-experimental study in frail elderly care from the professional perspective. Int J Qual Health Care 2016; 28:376-83. [PMID: 27174858 PMCID: PMC4931912 DOI: 10.1093/intqhc/mzw045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explores the processes of integration that are assumed to underlie integrated care delivery. DESIGN A quasi-experimental design with a control group was used; a new instrument was developed to measure integration from the professional perspective. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Professionals from primary care practices and home-care organizations delivering care to the frail elderly in the Walcheren region of the Netherlands. INTERVENTION An integrated care intervention specifically targeting frail elderly patients was implemented. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Structural, cultural, social and strategic integration and satisfaction with integration. RESULTS The intervention significantly improved structural, cultural and social integration, agreement on goals, interests, power and resources and satisfaction with integration. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms that integrated care structures foster processes of integration among professionals. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN05748494.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Janse
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam , PO Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robbert Huijsman
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam , PO Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Isabelle Natalina Fabbricotti
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam , PO Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Atif K, Khan HU, Maqbool S. Job satisfaction among doctors, a multi-faceted subject studied at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore. Pak J Med Sci 2015; 31:610-4. [PMID: 26150854 PMCID: PMC4485281 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.313.7402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the level of job satisfaction among doctors serving in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore and ascertain its co-relation with multiple demographic variables which had a profound impact. METHODS This cross sectional study with non-probability purposive sampling was conducted at Combined Military Hospital, Lahore, from February 2014 to November 2014. Subjects were doctors serving in that hospital for minimum six months duration. Pre-formed questionnaires were distributed to volunteers (average filling time was 3 ½ to 7 minutes). Multiple demographic features were independent variables. Outcome variable was job satisfaction. Statistical analysis was done via descriptive statistics (SPSS 20), data expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). RESULTS Out of 263 doctors serving in hospital, 203 (77.91%) volunteered to participate; response rate by depositing the filled forms was 47.78% (97 doctors). Amongst the respondents, 10 (10.3%) doctors had below average job satisfaction, 32(33.0%), 21(21.6%), 21(21.6%) and 13(13.3%) had average, above average, well above average and outstanding job satisfaction respectively. There was significant relation between job satisfaction and age group of the doctors (p 0.025), education (p 0.015), service years (p 0.013) income per month (p<0.001). There was no significant impact of gender (p 0.540), marital status (p 0.087), number of children (p 0.153), current employment (p 0.71), nature of job (p 0.204), working hours (p 0.089), additional duties p 0.421) and socioeconomic class (p 0.104) on outcome variable. CONCLUSION A significant number of doctors was found discontented with their job, which may consequently impact their yield/performance. The job satisfaction can be substantially improved if these contributory factors are aptly addressed at all tiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaula Atif
- Khaula Atif, MBBS, MCPS (Fam Med.), DPH, DMA. Department of General Administration, Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar Cantonment, Khyber Pakhtun Khwah, Pakistan
| | - Habib Ullah Khan
- Habib Ullah Khan, MBBS, FCPS (Gen Surg.), FCPS (Neurosurg.). Department of Neuro-Surgery, Combined Military Hospital, Abbottabad Cantonment, Khyber Pakhtun Khwah, Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Maqbool
- Dr. Shahzad Maqbool, MBBS, FCPS (ENT), Department of ENT, Combined Military Hospital, Tarbela Cantonment, Khyber Pakhtun Khwah, Pakistan
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Joyce C, Wang WC. Job satisfaction among Australian doctors: the use of latent class analysis. J Health Serv Res Policy 2015; 20:224-30. [PMID: 26079142 DOI: 10.1177/1355819615591022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify patterns of job satisfaction among Australian doctors using latent class analysis, and to determine the relationships of these patterns to personal and professional characteristics so as to improve satisfaction and minimize medical wastage. METHODS MABEL (Medicine in Australia: Balancing Employment and Life) data in 2011 were used. The study collected information on 5764 doctors about their job satisfaction, demographic characteristics, their health, country of medical training, opportunities for professional development and social interaction, taking time off work, views of patients' expectations, unpredictable working hours, hours worked per week, preference to reduce hours and intention to leave the medical workforce. RESULTS Four latent classes of job satisfaction were identified: 5.8% had high job satisfaction; 19.4% had low satisfaction with working hours; 16.1% had high satisfaction with working hours but felt undervalued; and 6.5% had low job satisfaction. Low job satisfaction was associated with reporting poor health, having trained outside Australia, having poor opportunities for professional development and working longer hours. Low satisfaction was associated with a preference to reduce work hours and an intention to leave the medical workforce. CONCLUSION To improve job satisfaction and minimize medical wastage, policies need to address needs of overseas trained doctors, provide continuing professional development and provide good health care for doctors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Joyce
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Wei Chun Wang
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Fang P, Luo Z, Fang Z. What is the job satisfaction and active participation of medical staff in public hospital reform: a study in Hubei province of China. HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH 2015; 13:34. [PMID: 25975721 PMCID: PMC4449964 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-015-0026-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In China, public hospital reform has been underway for almost 5 years, and 311 pilot county hospitals are the current focus. This study aimed to assess the job satisfaction and active participation of medical staff in the reform. A total of 2268 medical staff members in pilot and non-pilot county hospitals in Hubei, China, were surveyed. METHODS Questionnaires were used to collect data. The Pearson chi-square statistical method was used to assess the differences between pilot and non-pilot county hospitals and identify the factors related to job satisfaction as well as the understanding and perception of the reform. Binary logistic regression was performed to determine the significant factors that influence the job satisfaction of medical staff in pilot county hospitals. RESULTS Medical staff members in pilot county hospitals expressed higher satisfaction on current working situation, performance appraisal system, concern showed by leaders, hospital management, and compensation packages (P < 0.05). They were exposed to work-related stress at a higher extent (P < 0.05) and half of them worked overtime. Within pilot county hospitals, less than half of the medical staff members were satisfied with current job and they have evidently less satisfaction on compensation packages and learning and training opportunities. The working hours and work stress were negatively related to the job satisfaction (P < 0.05). Satisfaction on the performance appraisal system, hospital management, compensation packages, and learning and training opportunities were positively related to job satisfaction (P < 0.05). Medical staff in pilot county hospitals exhibited better understanding of and more positive attitude towards the reform (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Pilot county hospitals have implemented some measures through the reform, but there still are deficiencies. The government officials and hospital administrators should pay attention to influencing factors of job satisfaction and focus on the reasonable demands of medical staff. In addition, the medical staff in pilot county hospitals exhibited a better understanding of the public hospital reform programme and showed more firm confidence, but there still were some medical staff members who hold negative attitude. The publicity and education of the public hospital reform still need improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengqian Fang
- School of Health and Medicine Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Zhenni Luo
- School of Health Management, Guangzhou Medical University, 195 Dongfeng West Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510182, China.
| | - Zi Fang
- The London School of Economics and Political Science, 13420, Houghton Street, London, WC2A 2AE, UK.
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Solberg IB, Tomasson K, Aasland O, Tyssen R. Cross-national comparison of job satisfaction in doctors during economic recession. Occup Med (Lond) 2014; 64:595-600. [DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqu114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Rodwell J, Gulyas A. A taxonomy of primary health care practices: an avenue for informing management and policy implementation. Aust J Prim Health 2014; 19:236-43. [PMID: 22950950 DOI: 10.1071/py12050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Health policy and practice managers often treat primary practices as being homogenous, despite evidence that these organisations vary along multiple dimensions. This treatment can be a barrier to the development of a strong health care system. Therefore, a more sophisticated taxonomy of organisations could inform management and policy to better cater to the diversity of practice contexts, needs and capabilities. The purpose of this study was to categorise primary practices using practice features and characteristics associated with the job satisfaction of GPs. The current study uses data from 3906 GPs from the 2008 wave of the MABEL survey. Seven configurations of primary health care practices emerged from multivariate cluster analyses. The configurations incorporate, yet move beyond, simplistic categorisations such as geographic location and highlight the complexity facing managers and health policy interventions. The multidimensional configurations in the taxonomy are a mechanism for informing health care management and policy. The process of deriving configurations can be applied in a variety of countries and contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Rodwell
- Faculty of Business, Australian Catholic University, Locked Bag 4115, Fitzroy MDC, Vic. 3065, Australia
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Walker A, Campbell K. Work readiness of graduate nurses and the impact on job satisfaction, work engagement and intention to remain. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2013; 33:1490-5. [PMID: 23742716 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2013.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Graduate work readiness is a relatively new construct that can predict graduate potential. Its impact on graduate work outcomes however, is unknown. The current study aimed to explore the relationships between work readiness and a number of work outcomes (job satisfaction, work engagement, and intention to remain). DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS A survey design was used. A sample of 96 graduate nurses from two regional hospitals in Victoria, Australia participated in this study. METHOD Data were collected using quantitative surveys RESULTS Three of the four work readiness dimensions (organisational acumen, clinical competence and social intelligence) were found to predict job satisfaction and work engagement. Moreover, both job satisfaction and work engagement were found to mediate the relationship between organisational acumen and intention to remain. The findings indicate that dimensions of work readiness uniquely predict work outcomes. CONCLUSION Findings support prior research, which suggests that graduate work readiness is a multidimensional construct comprising skills and attributes beyond discipline-specific competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlene Walker
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Victoria Australia.
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Fabbricotti IN, Janse B, Looman WM, de Kuijper R, van Wijngaarden JDH, Reiffers A. Integrated care for frail elderly compared to usual care: a study protocol of a quasi-experiment on the effects on the frail elderly, their caregivers, health professionals and health care costs. BMC Geriatr 2013; 13:31. [PMID: 23586895 PMCID: PMC3648376 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2318-13-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frail elderly persons living at home are at risk for mental, psychological, and physical deterioration. These problems often remain undetected. If care is given, it lacks the quality and continuity required for their multiple and changing problems. The aim of this project is to improve the quality and efficacy of care given to frail elderly living independently by implementing and evaluating a preventive integrated care model for the frail elderly. METHODS/DESIGN The design is quasi-experimental. Effects will be measured by conducting a before and after study with control group. The experimental group will consist of 220 elderly of 8 GPs (General Practitioners) who will provide care according to the integrated model (The Walcheren Integrated Care Model). The control group will consist of 220 elderly of 6 GPs who will give care as usual. The study will include an evaluation of process and outcome measures for the frail elderly, their caregivers and health professionals as well as a cost-effectiveness analysis. A concurrent mixed methods design will be used. The study population will consist of elderly 75 years or older who live independently and score a 4 or higher on the Groningen Frailty Indicator, their caregivers and health professionals. Data will be collected prospectively at three points in time: T0, T1 (3 months after inclusion), and T2 (12 months after inclusion). Similarities between the two groups and changes over time will be assessed with t-tests and chi-square tests. For each measure regression analyses will be performed with the T2-score as the dependent variable and the T0-score, the research group and demographic variables as independent variables. DISCUSSION A potential obstacle for this study will be the willingness of the elderly and their caregivers to participate. To increase willingness, the request to participate will be sent via the elders' own GP. Interviewers will be from their local region and gifts will be given. A successful implementation of the integrated model is also necessary. The involved parties are members of a steering group and have contractually committed themselves to the project. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN05748494.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Natalina Fabbricotti
- Erasmus University Rotterdam, Institute of Health Policy and Management, P.O. Box 1738, Rotterdam, DR, 3000, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Janse
- Erasmus University Rotterdam, Institute of Health Policy and Management, P.O. Box 1738, Rotterdam, DR, 3000, The Netherlands
| | - Wilhelmina Mijntje Looman
- Erasmus University Rotterdam, Institute of Health Policy and Management, P.O. Box 1738, Rotterdam, DR, 3000, The Netherlands
| | - Ruben de Kuijper
- Huisartsenpraktijk Arnemuiden, Prins Bernhardstraat 2, Arnemuiden, EZ, 4341, The Netherlands
| | | | - Auktje Reiffers
- Walcherse Huisartsen Coöperatie, Adriaen Coortestraat 61, Middelburg, DM, 4336, The Netherlands
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