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Günther A, Zalewski P, Sip S, Bednarczyk-Cwynar B. Exploring the Potential of Oleanolic Acid Dimers-Cytostatic and Antioxidant Activities, Molecular Docking, and ADMETox Profile. Molecules 2024; 29:3623. [PMID: 39125028 PMCID: PMC11313909 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29153623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The presented work aimed to explore the potential of oleanolic acid dimers (OADs): their cytostatic and antioxidant activities, molecular docking, pharmacokinetics, and ADMETox profile. The cytostatic properties of oleanolic acid (1) and its 14 synthesised dimers (2a-2n) were evaluated against 10 tumour types and expressed as IC50 values. Molecular docking was performed with the CB-Dock2 server. Antioxidant properties were evaluated with the CUPRAC method. ADMETox properties were evaluated with the ADMETlab Manual (2.0) database. The results indicate that the obtained OADs can be effective cytostatic agents, for which the IC50 not exceeded 10.00 for many tested cancer cell lines. All OADs were much more active against all cell lines than the mother compound (1). All dimers can inhibit the interaction between the 1MP8 protein and cellular proteins with the best results for compounds 2f and 2g with unsaturated bonds within the linker. An additional advantage of the tested OADs was a high level of antioxidant activity, with Trolox equivalent for OADs 2c, 2d, 2g-2j, 2l, and 2m of approximately 0.04 mg/mL, and beneficial pharmacokinetics and ADMETox properties. The differences in the DPPH and CUPRAC assay results obtained for OADs may indicate that these compounds may be effective antioxidants against different radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Günther
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Collegium Pharmaceuticum 2 (CP.2), Rokietnicka Str. 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Przemysław Zalewski
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Collegium Pharmaceuticum 1 (CP.1), Rokietnicka Str. 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (P.Z.); (S.S.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Phytochemistry, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Wojska Polskiego 71b, 60-630 Poznan, Poland
| | - Szymon Sip
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Collegium Pharmaceuticum 1 (CP.1), Rokietnicka Str. 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland; (P.Z.); (S.S.)
| | - Barbara Bednarczyk-Cwynar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Collegium Pharmaceuticum 2 (CP.2), Rokietnicka Str. 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland;
- Center of Innovative Pharmaceutical Technology (CITF), Rokietnicka Str. 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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Burkett WC, Zhao Z, Newton MA, Sun W, Deng B, Secord AA, Zhou C, Bae-Jump V. Ipatasertib, an oral AKT inhibitor, in combination with carboplatin exhibits anti-proliferative effects in uterine serous carcinoma. Ann Med 2023; 55:603-614. [PMID: 36773034 PMCID: PMC9930841 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2177883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Uterine serous carcinoma (USC) exhibits worse survival rates compared to the endometrioid subtype, and there is currently no effective treatment options for recurrence of this disease after platinum-based chemotherapy. Activation of PIK3CA/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is a common biological feature in USC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ipatasertib (IPAT) is an investigational, orally administered, ATP-competitive, highly selective inhibitor of pan AKT that has demonstrated anti-proliferative activity in a variety of tumor cells and tumor models. In this study, we used IPAT, carboplatin and their combination to investigate the anti-tumor activity in SPEC-2 and ARK-1 cells. RESULTS Our results indicate that IPAT combined with carboplatin at low doses was more effective at reducing proliferation, inducing apoptosis and causing cellular stress than IPAT or carboplatin alone. In particular, inhibition of the PIK3CA/AKT/mTOR pathway and induction of DNA damage were involved in the synergistic inhibition by combination treatment of cell viability in USC cells treated with the combination. Furthermore, IPAT in combination with carboplatin significantly reduced cell adhesion and inhibited cell invasion. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the combination of IPAT and carboplatin has potential clinical implications for developing new USC treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley C. Burkett
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Ziyi Zhao
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health care Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Meredith A. Newton
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Wenchuan Sun
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Boer Deng
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health care Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Angeles Alvarez Secord
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Chunxiao Zhou
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Victoria Bae-Jump
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC
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Zhang K, Liu C, Hu C, Lin P, Qi Q, Jia H, Tang J, Yu X. Long non-coding RNA AC245100.4 activates the PI3K/AKT pathway to promote PCa cell proliferation by elevating PAR2. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16870. [PMID: 37346322 PMCID: PMC10279817 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is among the most generally diagnosed cancers in males. A long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) called AC245100.4 has been discovered and linked to PCa carcinogenesis. However, its specific and potential mechanism is uncertain in PCa. In this research, we investigated the role of AC245100.4 in cell proliferation and the underlying mechanism in PCa cells. Methods qRT-PCR assays were utilized to detect AC245100.4 expression and confirm its downstream target. The pathways related to AC245100.4 were identified by RAP-MS. PCa cell proliferation was experimented by Cell Counting Kit-8 and Colony formation assays. Western blot was performed to detect PAR2, AKT, p-AKT, Cyclin D1 and PCNA expression. Results AC245100.4/PAR2 overexpression promotes PCa cell proliferation and the opposite results are obtained after AC245100.4/PAR2 knockdown. Mechanistically, we found that PAR2 is confirmed as the AC245100.4 downstream target and AC245100.4 promotes PCa cell proliferation by regulating PAR2. AC245100.4 promotes PCa cell proliferation via PI3K/AKT pathway. Rescue assays validated that PAR2 knockdown reversed the impact of AC245100.4 overexpression on increasing p-AKT protein levels. Conclusion This research revealed that AC245100.4 enhances cell proliferation in PCa cells through modulating the PAR2/PI3K/AKT axis, which may offer novel tumor markers and potential therapeutic targets for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China
| | - Changbin Hu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 40016, China
| | - Ping Lin
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China
| | - Qi Qi
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China
| | - Huizhen Jia
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China
| | - Jiebing Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China
| | - Xiaoguang Yu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, China
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Liu XJ, Zhao HC, Hou SJ, Zhang HJ, Cheng L, Yuan S, Zhang LR, Song J, Zhang SY, Chen SW. Recent development of multi-target VEGFR-2 inhibitors for the cancer therapy. Bioorg Chem 2023; 133:106425. [PMID: 36801788 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Vascular epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), as an important tyrosine transmembrane protein, plays an important role in regulating endothelial cell proliferation and migration, regulating angiogenesis and other biological functions. VEGFR-2 is aberrantly expressed in many malignant tumors, and it is also related to the occurrence, development, and growth of tumors and drug resistance. Currently, there are nine VEGFR-2 targeted inhibitors approved by US.FDA for clinical use as anticancer drugs. Due to the limited clinical efficacy and potential toxicity of VEGFR inhibitors, it is necessary to develop new strategies to improve the clinical efficacy of VEGFR inhibitors. The development of multitarget therapy, especially dual-target therapy, has become a hot research field of cancer therapy, which may provide an effective strategy with higher therapeutic efficacy, pharmacokinetic advantages and low toxicity. Many groups have reported that the therapeutic effects could be improved by simultaneously inhibiting VEGFR-2 and other targets, such as EGFR, c-Met, BRAF, HDAC, etc. Therefore, VEGFR-2 inhibitors with multi-targeting capabilities have been considered to be promising and effective anticancer agents for cancer therapy. In this work, we reviewed the structure and biological functions of VEGFR-2, and summarized the drug discovery strategies, and inhibitory activities of VEGFR-2 inhibitors with multi-targeting capabilities reported in recent years. This work might provide the reference for the development of VEGFR-2 inhibitors with multi-targeting capabilities as novel anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Juan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hong-Cheng Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443003, China
| | - Su-Juan Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hao-Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shuo Yuan
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - Li-Rong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Sai-Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Shi-Wu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Kikomeko J, Schutte T, van Velzen MJ, Seefat R, van Laarhoven HW. Short-term fasting and fasting mimicking diets combined with chemotherapy: a narrative review. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2023; 15:17588359231161418. [PMID: 36970110 PMCID: PMC10037739 DOI: 10.1177/17588359231161418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Many patients with cancer search for and use alternative and complementary treatments, aiming to improve the effectiveness of their anticancer treatment and a reduction in treatment-associated side effects. Short-term fasting (STF) and fasting mimicking diets (FMDs) are among the most commonly used dietary interventions. In recent years, different trials have reported the promising results of dietary interventions in combination with chemotherapy, in terms of slowing down tumor growth and reduction in chemotherapy-related side effects. In this narrative review, we identify and describe the current evidence about feasibility and effects of STF and FMDs in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. The studies that examined the effects of STF when combined with chemotherapy suggest potential benefits regarding reduction in side effects and improved quality of life. We also conclude with a list of well-designed studies that are still recruiting patients, examining the long-term effects of STF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tim Schutte
- Department of Oncology, Amsterdam UMC location
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Treatment and
Quality of Life, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Merel J.M. van Velzen
- Department of Oncology, Amsterdam UMC location
University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Treatment and
Quality of Life, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rianne Seefat
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The
Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke W.M. van Laarhoven
- Department of Oncology, Amsterdam UMC location
University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Treatment and
Quality of Life, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Hugan Buzure Induces Autophagy and Apoptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/1618491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the effects of Hugan Buzure (HBR) on cell apoptosis and autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the molecular mechanisms of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. HepG2 and Huh7 cell viability was detected by the tetramethylazolium salt colorimetric (MTT) method. Cell proliferation was measured using the colony formation method. Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometry were employed to detect apoptosis. In addition, immunofluorescence was carried out to evaluate the expression of LC3. Western blot was performed to detect the expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, LC3, Beclin1, p62 (SQSTM1), and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway-related proteins in HCC cells. This work verified that HBR reduced HepG2 and Huh7 cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment with HBR caused an obvious improvement of the apoptosis rate, accompanied by the increase in Bax/Bcl2, Caspase3, LC3II, and Beclin1 levels, respectively. Furthermore, HBR downregulated the expression of p62, p-PI3K, p-Akt, and p-mTOR proteins. HBR combined with HCQ enhanced HBR-induced apoptosis. In conclusion, HBR induced autophagy and apoptosis through PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, leading to HCC cell death. This research preliminarily suggested the potential role of HBR in the treatment of HCC.
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El-Khouly OA, Henen MA, El-Sayed MAA, El-Messery SM. Design, synthesis and computational study of new benzofuran hybrids as dual PI3K/VEGFR2 inhibitors targeting cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17104. [PMID: 36224254 PMCID: PMC9556824 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21277-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Design and synthesis of a new series of benzofuran derivatives has been performed. 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, elemental analysis, and IR were used to confirm the structures of the produced compounds. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HePG2), mammary gland breast cancer (MCF-7), epithelioid carcinoma cervical cancer (Hela), and human prostate cancer are used to test anticancer activity (PC3). In compared to DOX (4.17-8.87 µM), Compound 8 demonstrated the highest activity against HePG and PC3 cell lines, with an IC50 range of 11-17 µM. Compound 8 inhibited PI3K and VEGFR-2 with IC50 values of 2.21 and 68 nM, respectively, compared to 6.18 nM for compound LY294002 and 31.2 nM for compound sorafenib as PI3K and VEGFR-2 reference inhibitors, selectively. The molecular docking and binding affinity of the generated compounds were estimated and studied computationally utilizing molecular operating environment software as a PI3K and VEGFR-2 inhibitor (MOE). In conclusion, compound 8 exhibited significant action against hepatocellular and cervical cancer cell lines. Mechanistic study showed that it had a dual inhibitory effect against PI3K and VEGFR-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar A. El-Khouly
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, P.O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt ,grid.10251.370000000103426662Faculty of Pharmacy, New Mansoura University, P.O. Box 35712, New Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Morkos A. Henen
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, P.O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt ,grid.241116.10000000107903411Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Denver, USA
| | - Magda A.-A. El-Sayed
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, P.O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt ,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, P.O. Box 34518, New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Shahenda M. El-Messery
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, P.O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt ,grid.10251.370000000103426662Faculty of Pharmacy, New Mansoura University, P.O. Box 35712, New Mansoura, Egypt
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Potential Therapeutic Targets of Resveratrol, a Plant Polyphenol, and Its Role in the Therapy of Various Types of Cancer. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092665. [PMID: 35566016 PMCID: PMC9101422 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is among the most prominent causes of mortality worldwide. Different cancer therapy modes employed, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy, have been reported to be significant in cancer management, but the side effects associated with these treatment strategies are still a health problem. Therefore, alternative anticancer drugs based on medicinal plants or their active compounds have been generating attention because of their less serious side effects. Medicinal plants are an excellent source of phytochemicals that have been recognized to have health-prompting effects through modulating cell signaling pathways. Resveratrol is a well-known polyphenolic molecule with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and health-prompting effects among which its anticancer role has been best defined. Additionally, this polyphenol has confirmed its role in cancer management because it activates tumor suppressor genes, suppresses cell proliferation, induces apoptosis, inhibits angiogenesis, and modulates several other cell signaling molecules. The anticancer potential of resveratrol is recognized in numerous in vivo and in vitro studies. Previous experimental data suggested that resveratrol may be valuable in cancer management or improve the efficacy of drugs when given with anticancer drugs. This review emphasizes the potential role of resveratrol as an anticancer drug by modulating numerous cells signaling pathways in different types of cancer.
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QSAR analysis on a large and diverse set of potent phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma (PI3Kγ) inhibitors using MLR and ANN methods. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6090. [PMID: 35414065 PMCID: PMC9005662 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09843-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation of PI3Kγ as a member of lipid kinases-enzymes, plays a crucial role in regulating immune cells through the generation of intracellular signals. Deregulation of this pathway is involved in several tumors. In this research, diverse sets of potent and selective isoform-specific PI3Kγ inhibitors whose drug-likeness was confirmed based on Lipinski’s rule of five were used in the modeling process. Genetic algorithm (GA)-based multivariate analysis was employed on the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of them. In this way, multiple linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm, were used to QSAR models construction on 245 compounds with a wide range of pIC50 (5.23–9.32). The stability and robustness of the models have been evaluated by external and internal validation methods (R2 0.623–0.642, RMSE 0.464–0.473, F 40.114, Q2LOO 0.600, and R2y-random 0.011). External verification using a wide variety of structures out of the training and test sets show that ANN is superior to MLR. The descriptors entered into the model are in good agreement with the X-ray structures of target-ligand complexes; so the model is interpretable. Finally, Williams plot-based analysis was applied to simultaneously compare the inhibitory activity and structural similarity of training, test and validation sets.
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Antonio-Andres G, Martinez-Ruiz GU, Morales-Martinez M, Jiménez-Hernandez E, Martinez-Torres E, Lopez-Perez TV, Estrada-Abreo LA, Patino-Lopez G, Juarez-Mendez S, Davila-Borja VM, Huerta-Yepez S. Transcriptional Regulation of Yin-Yang 1 Expression through the Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031728. [PMID: 35163649 PMCID: PMC8835886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Yin-Yang transcription factor 1 (YY1) is involved in tumor progression, metastasis and has been shown to be elevated in different cancers, including leukemia. The regulatory mechanism underlying YY1 expression in leukemia is still not understood. Bioinformatics analysis reveal three Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) putative binding sites in the YY1 promoter region. The regulation of YY1 by HIF-1α in leukemia was analyzed. Mutation of the putative YY1 binding sites in a reporter system containing the HIF-1α promoter region and CHIP analysis confirmed that these sites are important for YY1 regulation. Leukemia cell lines showed that both proteins HIF-1α and YY1 are co-expressed under hypoxia. In addition, the expression of mRNA of YY1 was increased after 3 h of hypoxia conditions and affect several target genes expression. In contrast, chemical inhibition of HIF-1α induces downregulation of YY1 and sensitizes cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. The clinical implications of HIF-1α in the regulation of YY1 were investigated by evaluation of expression of HIF-1α and YY1 in 108 peripheral blood samples and by RT-PCR in 46 bone marrow samples of patients with pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We found that the expression of HIF-1α positively correlates with YY1 expression in those patients. This is consistent with bioinformatic analyses of several databases. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that YY1 can be transcriptionally regulated by HIF-1α, and a correlation between HIF-1α expression and YY1 was found in ALL clinical samples. Hence, HIF-1α and YY1 may be possible therapeutic target and/or biomarkers of ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Antonio-Andres
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital Infantil de México, Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (G.A.-A.); (M.M.-M.); (E.M.-T.); (T.V.L.-P.)
| | - Gustavo U. Martinez-Ruiz
- División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Mario Morales-Martinez
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital Infantil de México, Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (G.A.-A.); (M.M.-M.); (E.M.-T.); (T.V.L.-P.)
| | - Elva Jiménez-Hernandez
- Servicio de Hemato-Oncología, Hospital Infantil de Moctezuma, Mexico City 15530, Mexico;
| | - Estefany Martinez-Torres
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital Infantil de México, Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (G.A.-A.); (M.M.-M.); (E.M.-T.); (T.V.L.-P.)
| | - Tania V. Lopez-Perez
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital Infantil de México, Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (G.A.-A.); (M.M.-M.); (E.M.-T.); (T.V.L.-P.)
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Mexico City 03940, Mexico
| | - Laura A. Estrada-Abreo
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México, Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (L.A.E.-A.); (G.P.-L.)
| | - Genaro Patino-Lopez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México, Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (L.A.E.-A.); (G.P.-L.)
| | - Sergio Juarez-Mendez
- Laboratorio de Oncología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, S.S.A., Mexico City 04530, Mexico; (S.J.-M.); (V.M.D.-B.)
| | - Víctor M. Davila-Borja
- Laboratorio de Oncología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, S.S.A., Mexico City 04530, Mexico; (S.J.-M.); (V.M.D.-B.)
| | - Sara Huerta-Yepez
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital Infantil de México, Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (G.A.-A.); (M.M.-M.); (E.M.-T.); (T.V.L.-P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-52289917 (ext. 4401); Fax: +52-55-44349663
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Abstract
Apocynin is a naturally occurring acetophenone, found in the roots of Apocynum cannabinum and Picrorhiza kurroa. Various chemical and pharmaceutical modifications have been carried out to enhance the absorption and duration of action of apocynin, like, formulation of chitosan-based apocynin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles, chitosan-oligosaccharide based nanoparticles, and biodegradable polyanhydride nanoparticles. Apocynin has been subjected to a wide range of experimental screening and has proved to be useful for amelioration of a variety of disorders, like diabetic complications, neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disorders, lung cancer, hepatocellular cancer, pancreatic cancer, and pheochromocytoma. Apocynin has been primarily reported as an NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibitor and prevents translocation of its p47phox subunit to the plasma membrane, observed in neurodegeneration and hypertension. However, recent studies highlight its off-target effects that it is able to function as a scavenger of non-radical oxidant species, which is relevant for its activity against NOX 4 mediated production of hydrogen peroxide. Additionally, apocynin has shown inhibition of eNOS-dependent superoxide production in diabetic cardiomyopathy, reduction of NLRP3 activation and TGFβ/Smad signaling in diabetic nephropathy, diminished VEGF expression and decreased retinal NF-κB activation in diabetic retinopathy, inhibition of P38/MAPK/Caspase3 pathway in pheochromocytoma, inhibition of AKT-GSK3β and ERK1/2 pathways in pancreatic cancer, and decreased FAK/PI3K/Akt signaling in hepatocellular cancer. This review aims to discuss the pharmacokinetics and mechanisms of the pharmacological actions of apocynin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya R Savla
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, India
| | - Ankit P Laddha
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, India
| | - Yogesh A Kulkarni
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, India
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Liao HY, Da CM, Wu ZL, Zhang HH. Ski: Double roles in cancers. Clin Biochem 2020; 87:1-12. [PMID: 33188772 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2020.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Ski (Sloan-Kettering Institute) is an evolutionarily conserved protein that plays a dual role as an oncoprotein and tumor suppressor gene in the development of human cancer. The Ski oncogene was first identified as a transforming protein of the avian Sloan-Kettering retrovirus in 1986. Since its discovery, Ski has been identified as a carcinogenic regulator in a variety of malignant tumors. Later, it was reported that Ski regulates the occurrence and development of some cancers by acting as an oncogene. Ski mediates the proliferation, differentiation, metastasis, and invasion of numerous cancer cells through various mechanisms. Several studies have shown that Ski expression is correlated with the clinical characteristics of cancer patients and is a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for cancer. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms and potential clinical implications of Ski in dimorphism, cancer occurrence, and progression in various types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yang Liao
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou 730030, PR China; Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Chao-Ming Da
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou 730030, PR China; Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Zuo-Long Wu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou 730030, PR China; Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Hai-Hong Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou 730030, PR China; Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
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Zhang D, Zhang Q, Zheng Y, Lu J. Anti-breast cancer and toxicity studies of total secondary saponin from Anemone raddeana Rhizome on MCF-7 cells via ROS generation and PI3K/AKT/mTOR inactivation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 259:112984. [PMID: 32446927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The rhizome of Anemone raddeana Regel (A. raddeana) is a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia for the treatment of carbuncle and swelling. Carbuncle swollen is an explanation of tumor in the theory of TCM and softening and resolving hard mass effects are one of the important pharmacological activities of A. raddeana. AIM OF THE STUDY We investigated the potential anti-breast cancer effect and toxicological properties of alkali-ethanol extract from A. raddeana, namely total secondary saponin (TSS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Anti-proliferative effect of total saponin of A. raddeana (ATS) and TSS were tested using MTT assay. Hoechst staining, flow cytometry analysis, DCFH-DA fluorescence microscopy and western blot were carried out to evaluate the mechanisms of action of TSS. The potential anti-breast cancer activity and toxicological properties of TSS were tested in vivo. RESULTS ATS and TSS could inhibit the proliferation of A549, HepG2, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and SKBr-3 cells, especially for MCF-7 cells. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that TSS (10, 12 and 15 μg/ml) could induce cell cycle arrest on G0/G1 phase and promote apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. TSS could increase Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, elevate cytochrome c levels in cytosol and activate caspase-3/9. In addition, TSS also induced ROS generation and inactivated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway which may involved in the mitochondrial dysfunction of MCF-7 cells. TSS showed slight toxic at the dosage of 100 and 200 mg/kg by oral administration without any toxic potential for 28 days. TSS (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) showed significant inhibitory effect on growth of transplanted tumor in mice. At last, twenty-three C-3 monosaccharide oleanane-type triterpene saponins were tentatively identified, which may contributed to the anti-cancer activity of TSS. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that TSS exhibited anti-proliferative and pro-apoptosis activities on MCF-7 cells via ROS-mediated activation of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. TSS might be used as chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of breast cancer with relatively low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110006, PR China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Evaluation and Clinical Research, Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Yunliang Zheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Evaluation and Clinical Research, Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Jincai Lu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110006, PR China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Resources Conservation and Development, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110006, PR China.
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14
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Hassan G, Du J, Afify SM, Seno A, Seno M. Cancer stem cell generation by silenced MAPK enhancing PI3K/AKT signaling. Med Hypotheses 2020; 141:109742. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Cho HJ, Lee J, Yoon SR, Lee HG, Jung H. Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Fate and Malignancy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134780. [PMID: 32640596 PMCID: PMC7369689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) fate decision, whether they keep quiescence, self-renew, or differentiate into blood lineage cells, is critical for maintaining the immune system throughout one’s lifetime. As HSCs are exposed to age-related stress, they gradually lose their self-renewal and regenerative capacity. Recently, many reports have implicated signaling pathways in the regulation of HSC fate determination and malignancies under aging stress or pathophysiological conditions. In this review, we focus on the current understanding of signaling pathways that regulate HSC fate including quiescence, self-renewal, and differentiation during aging, and additionally introduce pharmacological approaches to rescue defects of HSC fate determination or hematopoietic malignancies by kinase signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jun Cho
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (H.J.C.); (S.R.Y.)
| | - Jungwoon Lee
- Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea;
| | - Suk Ran Yoon
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (H.J.C.); (S.R.Y.)
| | - Hee Gu Lee
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (H.J.C.); (S.R.Y.)
- Department of Biomolecular Science, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 113 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.G.L.); (H.J.)
| | - Haiyoung Jung
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (H.J.C.); (S.R.Y.)
- Correspondence: (H.G.L.); (H.J.)
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16
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The role of activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) in cancer progression, invasion, metastasis and recurrence: A novel cancer stem cell marker and tumor-specific prognostic marker. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 115:104443. [PMID: 32380056 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) or CD166 is a 100 to 105 KDa transmembrane immunoglobulin which is involved in activation of T-cells, hematopoiesis, neutrophils trans-endothelial migration, angiogenesis, inflammation and tumor propagation and invasiveness through formation of homophilic and heterophilic interactions. Recently, many studies have proposed that the expression pattern of ALCAM is highly associated with the grade, stage and invasiveness of tumors. Although ALCAM is a valuable prognostic marker in different carcinomas, similar expression patterns in different tumor types may be associated with completely different prognostic states, making it to be a tumor-type-dependent prognostic marker. In addition, ALCAM isoforms provide ways for primary detection of tumor cells with metastatic potential. More importantly, this prognostic marker has shown to be considerably dependent on the cytoplasmic and membranous expression, indirect and direct regulation of post-transcriptional molecules, pro-apoptotic proteins functionalities and several other oncogenic proteins or signalling pathways. This review mainly focuses on the pathways involved in expression of ALCAM and its prognostic value of in different types of cancers and the way in which it is regulated.
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17
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Tewari D, Patni P, Bishayee A, Sah AN, Bishayee A. Natural products targeting the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway in cancer: A novel therapeutic strategy. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 80:1-17. [PMID: 31866476 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) represent two vital intracellular signaling pathways, which are associated with various aspects of cellular functions. These functions play vital roles in quiescence, survival, and growth in normal physiological circumstances as well as in various pathological disorders, including cancer. These two pathways are so intimately connected to each other that in some instances these are considered as one unique pathway crucial for cell cycle regulation. The purpose of this review is to emphasize the role of PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway in different cancer conditions and the importance of natural products targeting the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway. This review also aims to draw the attention of scientists and researchers to the assorted beneficial effects of the numerous classes of natural products for the development of new and safe drugs for possible cancer therapy. We also summarize and critically analyze various preclinical and clinical studies on bioactive compounds and constituents, which are derived from natural products, to target the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway for cancer prevention and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144 411, Punjab, India.
| | - Pooja Patni
- Sharda School of Pharmacy, Gujarat Technical University, Gandhinagar 382 610, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Archana N Sah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital 263 136, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA.
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18
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Zhao X, Fang Y, Wang X, Yang Z, Li D, Tian M, Kang P. Knockdown of Ski decreases osteosarcoma cell proliferation and migration by suppressing the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2019; 56:206-218. [PMID: 31746363 PMCID: PMC6910224 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ski, an evolutionary conserved protein, is involved in the development of a number of tumors, such as Barrett's esophagus, leukemia, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, hemangiomas and melanoma. However, studies on the functions of Ski in osteosarcoma (OS) are limited. In this study, firstly the differential expression of Ski in OS tissues and osteochondroma tissues was detected, and the expression of Ski in both human OS cell lines (MG63 and U2OS) and normal osteoblasts (hFoB1.19) was then detected. The results demonstrated that Ski expression was significantly upregulated in both human OS tissues and cell lines. The results led us to hypothesize that Ski may play an essential role in the pathological process of OS. Thus, Ski specific small interfere RNA (Ski-siRNA) was used. The results revealed that OS cell proliferation was markedly inhibited following the knockdown of Ski, which was identified by CCK8 assay, EdU staining and cell cycle analysis. In addition, OS cell migration was significantly suppressed following Ski knockdown, which was identified by wound healing assay. Moreover, the protein levels of p-PI3K and p-Akt in OS cells declined prominently following Ski knockdown. On the whole, the findings of this study revealed that Ski expression was significantly upregulated in OS tissue and OS cells. The knockdown of Ski decreased OS cell proliferation and migration, which was mediated by blocking the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Thus, Ski may act as a tumor promoter gene in tumorigenesis, and Ski may prove to be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yuying Fang
- Weifang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Xingwen Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Zhouyuan Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Donghai Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Meng Tian
- Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan Univerisity, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Pengde Kang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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Riyahi N, Safaroghli-Azar A, Sheikh-Zeineddini N, Sayyadi M, Bashash D. Synergistic Effects of PI3K and c-Myc Co-targeting in Acute Leukemia: Shedding New Light on Resistance to Selective PI3K-δ Inhibitor CAL-101. Cancer Invest 2019; 37:311-324. [DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2019.1651328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niknam Riyahi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ava Safaroghli-Azar
- Student Research Committee, Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Sheikh-Zeineddini
- Student Research Committee, Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohamad Sayyadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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20
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Curigliano G, Shah RR. Safety and Tolerability of Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase (PI3K) Inhibitors in Oncology. Drug Saf 2019; 42:247-262. [PMID: 30649751 DOI: 10.1007/s40264-018-0778-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Activation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and downstream signalling by AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) modulates cellular processes such as increased cell growth, cell proliferation and increased cell migration as well as deregulated apoptosis and oncogenesis. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway (particularly Class I PI3K isoforms) is frequently activated in a variety of solid tumours and haematological malignancies, making PI3K an attractive therapeutic target in oncology. Inhibitors of PI3K also have the potential to restore sensitivity to other modalities of treatments when administered as part of combination regimens. Although many PI3K inhibitors have reached different stages of clinical development, only two (idelalisib and copanlisib) have been currently approved for use in the treatment of B cell lymphoma and leukaemias. While these two agents are effective clinically, their use is associated with a number of serious class-related as well as drug-specific adverse effects. Some of these are immune-mediated and include cutaneous reactions, severe diarrhoea with or without colitis, hepatotoxicity and pneumonitis. They also induce various metabolic abnormalities such as hyperglycaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia. Not surprisingly, therefore, many new PI3K inhibitors with a varying degree of target selectivity have been synthesised in expectations of improved safety and efficacy, and are currently under clinical investigations for use in a variety of solid tumours as well as haematological malignancies. However, evidence from early clinical trials, reviewed herein, suggests that these newer agents are also associated not only with class-related but also other serious and unexpected adverse effects. Their risk/benefit evaluations have resulted in a number of them being discontinued from further development. Cumulative experience with the use of PI3K inhibitors under development suggests that, compared with their use as monotherapy, combining them with other anticancer therapies may be a more effective strategy in improving current standard-of-care and clinical outcomes in cancers beyond haematological cancers. For example, combination of alpelisib with fulvestrant has recently demonstrated unexpectedly superior efficacy compared to fulvestrant alone. Furthermore, the immunomodulatory activity of PI3Kδ and PI3Kγ inhibitors also provides unexpected opportunities for their use in cancer immunotherapy, as is currently being tested in several clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Curigliano
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapy, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haematology (DIPO), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Rashmi R Shah
- Pharmaceutical Consultant, 8 Birchdale, Gerrards Cross, Buckinghamshire, SL9 7JA, UK.
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21
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Bashash D, Delshad M, Riyahi N, Safaroghli-Azar A, Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi A, Momeny M. Inhibition of PI3K signaling pathway enhances the chemosensitivity of APL cells to ATO: Proposing novel therapeutic potential for BKM120. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 841:10-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Zhang K, Kong X, Feng G, Xiang W, Chen L, Yang F, Cao C, Ding Y, Chen H, Chu M, Wang P, Zhang B. Investigation of hypoxia networks in ovarian cancer via bioinformatics analysis. J Ovarian Res 2018; 11:16. [PMID: 29482638 PMCID: PMC5828062 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-018-0388-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is a leading cause of the death from gynecologic malignancies. Hypoxia is closely related to the malignant growth of cells. However, the molecular mechanism of hypoxia-regulated ovarian cancer cells remains unclear. Thus, this study was conducted to identify the key genes and pathways implicated in the regulation of hypoxia by bioinformatics analysis. Methods Using the datasets of GSE53012 downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by comparing the RNA expression from cycling hypoxia group, chronic hypoxia group, and control group. Subsequently, cluster analysis was performed followed by the construction of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the overlapping DEGs between the cycling hypoxia and chronic hypoxia using ClusterONE. In addition, gene ontology (GO) functional and pathway enrichment analyses of the DEGs in the most remarkable module were performed using Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) software. Ultimately, the signaling pathways associated with hypoxia were verified by RT-PCR, WB, and MTT assays. Results A total of 931 overlapping DEGs were identified. Nine hub genes and seven node genes were screened by analyzing the PPI and pathway integration networks, including ESR1, MMP2, ErbB2, MYC, VIM, CYBB, EDN1, SERPINE1, and PDK. Additionally, 11 key pathways closely associated with hypoxia were identified, including focal adhesion, ErbB signaling, and proteoglycans in cancer, among which the ErbB signaling pathway was verified by RT-PCR, WB, and MTT assays. Furthermore, functional enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were mainly involved in the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells, such as regulation of cell proliferation, cell adhesion, positive regulation of cell migration, focal adhesion, and extracellular matrix binding. Conclusion The results show that hypoxia can promote the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells by affecting the invasion and adhesion functions through the dysregulation of ErbB signaling, which may be governed by the HIF-1α-TGFA-EGFR-ErbB2-MYC axis. These findings will contribute to the identification of new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13048-018-0388-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Bioengineering Institute of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangjun Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Guangde Feng
- Sichuan TQLS Animal Husbandry Science and Technology Co., Ltd, Mianyang, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Bioengineering Institute of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Long Chen
- Bioengineering Institute of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Bioengineering Institute of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunyu Cao
- Bioengineering Institute of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yifei Ding
- Bioengineering Institute of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hang Chen
- Bioengineering Institute of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingxing Chu
- Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pingqing Wang
- Bioengineering Institute of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Baoyun Zhang
- Bioengineering Institute of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
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Nuclear Phosphatidylinositol-Phosphate Type I Kinase α-Coupled Star-PAP Polyadenylation Regulates Cell Invasion. Mol Cell Biol 2018; 38:MCB.00457-17. [PMID: 29203642 PMCID: PMC5809686 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00457-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Star-PAP, a nuclear phosphatidylinositol (PI) signal-regulated poly(A) polymerase (PAP), couples with type I PI phosphate kinase α (PIPKIα) and controls gene expression. We show that Star-PAP and PIPKIα together regulate 3′-end processing and expression of pre-mRNAs encoding key anti-invasive factors (KISS1R, CDH1, NME1, CDH13, FEZ1, and WIF1) in breast cancer. Consistently, the endogenous Star-PAP level is negatively correlated with the cellular invasiveness of breast cancer cells. While silencing Star-PAP or PIPKIα increases cellular invasiveness in low-invasiveness MCF7 cells, Star-PAP overexpression decreases invasiveness in highly invasive MDA-MB-231 cells in a cellular Star-PAP level-dependent manner. However, expression of the PIPKIα-noninteracting Star-PAP mutant or the phosphodeficient Star-PAP (S6A mutant) has no effect on cellular invasiveness. These results strongly indicate that PIPKIα interaction and Star-PAP S6 phosphorylation are required for Star-PAP-mediated regulation of cancer cell invasion and give specificity to target anti-invasive gene expression. Our study establishes Star-PAP–PIPKIα-mediated 3′-end processing as a key anti-invasive mechanism in breast cancer.
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Watanabe R, Kurose T, Morishige Y, Fujimori K. Protective Effects of Fisetin Against 6-OHDA-Induced Apoptosis by Activation of PI3K-Akt Signaling in Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells. Neurochem Res 2017; 43:488-499. [PMID: 29204750 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2445-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are associated with various neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease. 3,3',4',7-Tetrahydroxyflavone (fisetin), a plant flavonoid has a variety of physiological effects such as antioxidant activity. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism of the neuroprotective effects of fisetin against 6-OHDA-induced cell death in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. 6-OHDA-mediated cell toxicity was reduced in a fisetin concentration-dependent manner. 6-OHDA-mediated elevation of the expression of the oxidative stress-related genes such as hemeoxygenase-1, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1, NF-E2-related factor 2, and γ-glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier was suppressed by fisetin. Fisetin also lowered the ratio of the proapoptotic Bax protein and the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein in SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, fisetin effectively suppressed 6-OHDA-mediated activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9, which leads to the cell death, while, 6-OHDA-induced caspase-3/7 activity was lowered. Furthermore, fisetin activated the PI3K-Akt signaling, which inhibits the caspase cascade, and fisetin-mediated inhibition of 6-OHDA-induced cell death was negated by the co-treatment with an Akt inhibitor. These results indicate that fisetin protects 6-OHDA-induced cell death by activating PI3K-Akt signaling in human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. This is the first report that the PI3K-Akt signaling is involved in the fisetin-protected ROS-mediated neuronal cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko Watanabe
- Laboratory of Pathobiochemistry, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1094, Japan
| | - Takumi Kurose
- Laboratory of Pathobiochemistry, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1094, Japan
| | - Yuta Morishige
- Laboratory of Biodefense and Regulation, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1094, Japan.,Research Institute of Tuberculosis, 3-1-24 Matsuyama, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8533, Japan
| | - Ko Fujimori
- Laboratory of Pathobiochemistry, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1094, Japan.
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25
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Rieken M, Shariat SF, Karam JA, Foerster B, Khani F, Gust K, Abufaraj M, Wood CG, Weizer AZ, Raman JD, Guo CC, Rioux-Leclercq N, Haitel A, Bensalah K, Lotan Y, Bachmann A, De Marzo AM, Robinson BD, Margulis V. Frequency and Prognostic Value of PTEN Loss in Patients with Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Treated with Radical Nephroureterectomy. J Urol 2017; 198:1269-1277. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2017.06.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Malte Rieken
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Shahrokh F. Shariat
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Jose A. Karam
- Department of Urology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Beat Foerster
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Khani
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Kilian Gust
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Mohammad Abufaraj
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
- Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, Jordan University Hospital, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Christopher G. Wood
- Department of Urology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Alon Z. Weizer
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jay D. Raman
- Division of Urology, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Charles C. Guo
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Andrea Haitel
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Karim Bensalah
- Department of Urology, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Yair Lotan
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | | | - Angelo M. De Marzo
- Departments of Pathology, Urology and Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Brian D. Robinson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Vitaly Margulis
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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26
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Yang C, Zhang X, Wang Y, Yang Y, Liu X, Deng M, Jia Y, Ling Y, Meng LH, Zhou Y. Discovery of a Novel Series of 7-Azaindole Scaffold Derivatives as PI3K Inhibitors with Potent Activity. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017; 8:875-880. [PMID: 28835805 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors potently inhibit the signaling pathway of PI3K/AKT/mTOR, which provides a promising new approach for the molecularly targeted cancer therapy. In this work, a novel series of 7-azaindole scaffold derivatives was discovered by the fragment-based growing strategy. The structure-activity relationship profiles identified that the 7-azaindole scaffold derivatives exhibit potent activity against PI3K at molecular and cellular levels as well as cell proliferation in a panel of human tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengbin Yang
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department
of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Division
of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Division
of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yongtai Yang
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department
of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department
of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mingli Deng
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department
of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yu Jia
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department
of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yun Ling
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department
of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ling-hua Meng
- Division
of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yaming Zhou
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department
of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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27
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Abstract
LIM and SH3 protein 1 (LASP-1) is a specific focal adhesion protein that was first identified in breast cancer and then reported to be involved in cell proliferation and migration. Many studies have demonstrated the essential role of LASP-1 in cancer progression. However, there have been no studies on the association of LASP-1 with thyroid cancer. In this study, we investigated the expression pattern and biological function of LASP-1 in thyroid cancer. We found that LASP-1 was highly expressed in thyroid cancer tissues and cell lines. LASP-1 silencing had antiproliferative and anti-invasive effects on thyroid cancer cells. Moreover, tumor xenograft experiments showed that LASP-1 silencing suppressed thyroid cancer cell growth in vivo. We also demonstrated that LASP-1 silencing decreased the protein expression of p-PI3K and p-Akt. In conclusion, these findings suggest LASP-1 to be an oncogene and a potential therapeutic target in thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Jiakai Han
- Department of Endocrinology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan Province, P.R. China
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28
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Shrestha P, Yun JH, Ko YJ, Yeon KJ, Kim D, Lee H, Jin DH, Nam KY, Yoo HD, Lee W. NMR uncovers direct interaction between human NEDD4-1 and p34 SEI-1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 490:984-990. [PMID: 28666866 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.06.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PTEN, an important tumor suppressor and a key regulator of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, is often deleted/mutated in different types of cancer. The E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4-1 catalyzes the polyubiquitination of PTEN, thereby acting as a negative regulator of PTEN. Stability of NEDD4-1, in turn, is tightly controlled by a 34 kDa oncoprotein, p34SEI-1 and it regulates PTEN degradation and activates PI3K/AKT pathway, resulting in cancer metastasis. p34SEI-1 affects not only the expression of NEDD4-1 during transcription and translation but also the subcellular localization of PTEN. This emphasizes the need to understand, at molecular level, the interaction between NEDD4-1 and p34SEI-1. A recent study showed that NEDD4-1 interacts with p34SEI-1 via its WWI domain. However, a detailed interaction for molecular level is yet unknown. We report that the WW1 domain of NEDD4-1 recognizes the SERTA domain containing the proline rich region (PRR motif) in p34SEI-1. TALOS analysis based on NMR data confirms three conserved β-sheets in NEDD4-1 WW1 and the central β-sheet of NEDD4-1 WW1 plays a role for protein stability by the backbone dynamics experiments. NMR titration data revealed the binding site for p34SEI-1 with NEDD4-1. Our data will provide insights into the molecular mechanism of NEDD4-1 and p34SEI-1 interaction, which will be directly used for drug design which inhibits the molecular interaction involved in different cancer signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravesh Shrestha
- Structural Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Yun
- Structural Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Joo Ko
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, National Center for Inter-University Research Facilities, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Jeong Yeon
- Chodang Pharmaceutical Research Institute, #75, Gongwon-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dooseop Kim
- Chodang Pharmaceutical Research Institute, #75, Gongwon-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejong Lee
- Chodang Pharmaceutical Research Institute, #75, Gongwon-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Jin
- Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Yup Nam
- PharosI&BT Co., 38, Heungan-daero 427-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Dong Yoo
- FUGENBiO Co., 6F, yongjin Bldg., 48, Yangjaecheon-ro 19-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Weontae Lee
- Structural Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Zhang Y, You X, Liu H, Xu M, Dang Q, Yang L, Huang J, Shi W. High KIF2A expression predicts unfavorable prognosis in diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Ann Hematol 2017; 96:1485-1491. [PMID: 28616658 PMCID: PMC5537331 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-017-3047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Kinesin family member 2A (KIF2A), a conserved motor protein, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of several malignant tumors. The aim of the present study was to investigate KIF2A expression in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), evaluate the association between KIF2A expression and the clinical parameters of the disease, and determine its prognostic value. KIF2A expression was evaluated in 134 DLBCL and 57 reactive hyperplasia samples using immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray. The correlations between KIF2A expression with clinical parameters and prognosis were estimated using univariate and multivariate analyses. The expression of KIF2A was significantly higher in DLBCL tissue samples compared with those from subjects with reactive hyperplasia (P=0.002). Furthermore, increased expression of KIF2A protein in DLBCL was related to Ann Arbor stage (P=0.027) and international prognostic index (IPI) score (P=0.01). The survival analysis showed that KIF2A expression (P=0.016), serum LDH level (P=0.049), and IPI score (P<0.001) were independent prognostic markers for DLBCL. Our findings also confirmed that downregulating KIF2A expression decreased tumor cell viability, accompanied by downregulation of pAKT levels. Taken together, these data provide the first evidence that increased KIF2A expression predicts poor prognosis in patients with DLBCL, and a rationale for treatment of DLBCL by targeting KIF2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Xuefen You
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Mengqi Xu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Qingxiu Dang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Jianfei Huang
- Clinical biological sample library, Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China
| | - Wenyu Shi
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China.
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30
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Huang Y, Ding L, Shao Y, Chen Z, Shen B, Ma Y, Zhu L, Wei Z. Integrin-Linked Kinase Improves Functional Recovery of Diabetic Cystopathy and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Survival and Engraftment in Rats. Can J Diabetes 2017; 41:312-321. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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31
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Rocha TMBDSD, Fortier SC, Fischer TRDC, Perini GF, Gaiolla RD, Fogliatto L, Delamain MT, Costa AFD, Castro NSD, Barretos WG, Souza CAD, Buccheri V, Chiattone CS. Everolimus as a single agent in refractory or relapsed Hodgkin's lymphoma: the Brazilian Named Patient Program Experience. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter 2017; 39:216-222. [PMID: 28830600 PMCID: PMC5567422 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjhh.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite all the scientific progress that has been made on understanding the disease, prognosis for patients with relapsed and refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma remains poor and the treatment is palliative in the majority of the cases. Thus, the aim of this study was to present the results on the compassionate use of everolimus in a group of patients who were monitored at nine different centers in Brazil. Methods A 10-mg oral dose of everolimus was given to each patient daily. Response time was evaluated from the beginning of medication use until loss of response, toxicity or medical decision to cease treatment. Results Thirty-three patients were evaluated. The median age at the beginning of medication administration was 29 years. Patients had received a median of five prior therapies. Overall response rate was 45.4%, with 13 patients achieving partial response, two achieved clinical response, 14 remained with stable disease, two had disease progression, and two were not evaluated. Patients received a median of 14 cycles. Progression-free survival was nine months, and overall survival was estimated to be 36 months. Three patients used the medication for more than four years. The most frequently reported adverse events were thrombocytopenia and hypercholesterolemia. Three patients had pulmonary toxicity. Grade III and IV adverse events occurred in 39% of the patients. Conclusion Everolimus was found to provide a response in a group of patients with refractory or relapsed Hodgkin's lymphoma who had adequate tolerability to the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergio Costa Fortier
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo (FCMSCSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rafael Dezen Gaiolla
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo (FCMSCSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Laura Fogliatto
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo (FCMSCSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Wolney Gois Barretos
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo (FCMSCSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Valéria Buccheri
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo (FCMSCSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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32
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Wang Y, Leng H, Chen H, Wang L, Jiang N, Huo X, Yu B. Knockdown of UBE2T Inhibits Osteosarcoma Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion by Suppressing the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. Oncol Res 2017; 24:361-369. [PMID: 27712593 PMCID: PMC7838603 DOI: 10.3727/096504016x14685034103310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2T (UBE2T), a member of the E2 family, was found to be overexpressed in a great many cancers such as bladder cancer, lung cancer, and prostate cancer. However, there have been no reports on the role of UBE2T in osteosarcoma. In this study, we tried to make the effects of UBE2T on osteosarcoma clear. The study results showed that UBE2T was overexpressed in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. Moreover, UBE2T knockdown inhibited osteosarcoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. We also observed that UBE2T downregulation could suppress the activity of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Therefore, we concluded that UBE2T exerted its inhibitory effects on osteosarcoma cells via suppressing the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. These findings indicated that UBE2T may be a potential therapeutic target for osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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33
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Abstract
Metastasis in lung cancer is a multifaceted process. In this review, we will dissect the process in several isolated steps such as angiogenesis, hypoxia, circulation, and establishment of a metastatic focus. In reality, several of these processes overlap and occur even simultaneously, but such a presentation would be unreadable. Metastasis requires cell migration toward higher oxygen tension, which is based on changing the structure of the cell (epithelial-mesenchymal transition), orientation within the stroma and stroma interaction, and communication with the immune system to avoid attack. Once in the blood stream, cells have to survive trapping by the coagulation system, to survive shear stress in small blood vessels, and to find the right location for extravasation. Once outside in the metastatic locus, tumor cells have to learn the communication with the “foreign” stroma cells to establish vascular supply and again express molecules, which induce immune tolerance.
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34
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Ma Y, Xu X, Luo M. CXCR6 promotes tumor cell proliferation and metastasis in osteosarcoma through the Akt pathway. Cell Immunol 2016; 311:80-85. [PMID: 27823764 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 6 (CXCR6) is up-regulated in many malignancies, indicating that CXCR6 plays an important role in tumor progression. However, the expression and function of CXCR6 in osteosarcoma (OS) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the expression levels and function of CXCR6 in OS tissues and osteosarcoma cell lines MG-63, HOS and U2OS. The protein expression levels of CXCR6 in OS patient tissues and three osteosarcoma cell lines MG-63, HOS and U2OS were assessed. CXCR6-overexpression MG-63 cell lines were established and then the proliferation, invasion and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in those cells were assessed. CXCR6 mRNA levels in OS tissues were significantly higher than those in normal bone tissues. Consistently, both of the mRNA and protein levels of CXCR6 in OS cell lines MG-63, HOS and U2OS were higher than those in normal bone cells hFOB1.19. CXCR6 overexpression not only promoted cell proliferation, invasion and EMT, but also enhanced the phosphorylation of Akt in MG-63 cells. After inhibition of Akt-phosphorylation by Akt inhibitor, LY2940023, CXCR6-induced cell proliferation and invasion were dramatically attenuated. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that CXCR6 enhances OS cell proliferation and invasion through the Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsheng Ma
- Department of Developmental Biology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, PR China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Pathology, The General Hospital of the Chinese People's Armed Police, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Mei Luo
- Life Science Institute of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, PR China.
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35
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Jiang F, Zhang D, Li G, Wang X. Knockdown of DDX46 Inhibits the Invasion and Tumorigenesis in Osteosarcoma Cells. Oncol Res 2016; 25:417-425. [PMID: 27697093 PMCID: PMC7841134 DOI: 10.3727/096504016x14747253292210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
DDX46, a member of the DEAD-box (DDX) helicase family, is involved in the development of several tumors. However, the exact role of DDX46 in osteosarcoma and the underlying mechanisms in tumorigenesis remain poorly understood. Thus, in the present study, we explored the role of DDX46 in osteosarcoma and the underlying mechanisms. Our results demonstrated that the expression levels of DDX46 in both mRNA and protein were greatly elevated in human osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of DDX46 obviously inhibited osteosarcoma cell proliferation and tumor growth in vivo. In addition, knockdown of DDX46 also significantly suppressed migration and invasion in osteosarcoma cells. Furthermore, knockdown of DDX46 substantially downregulated the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt in SaOS2 cells. In summary, the present results have revealed that DDX46 plays an important role in osteosarcoma growth and metastasis. Knockdown of DDX46 inhibited osteosarcoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Therefore, DDX46 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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36
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Mohan CD, Srinivasa V, Rangappa S, Mervin L, Mohan S, Paricharak S, Baday S, Li F, Shanmugam MK, Chinnathambi A, Zayed ME, Alharbi SA, Bender A, Sethi G, Basappa, Rangappa KS. Trisubstituted-Imidazoles Induce Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer Cells by Targeting the Oncogenic PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153155. [PMID: 27097161 PMCID: PMC4838272 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Overactivation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR is linked with carcinogenesis and serves a potential molecular therapeutic target in treatment of various cancers. Herein, we report the synthesis of trisubstituted-imidazoles and identified 2-chloro-3-(4, 5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) pyridine (CIP) as lead cytotoxic agent. Naïve Base classifier model of in silico target prediction revealed that CIP targets RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase which comprises the Akt. Furthermore, CIP downregulated the phosphorylation of Akt, PDK and mTOR proteins and decreased expression of cyclin D1, Bcl-2, survivin, VEGF, procaspase-3 and increased cleavage of PARP. In addition, CIP significantly downregulated the CXCL12 induced motility of breast cancer cells and molecular docking calculations revealed that all compounds bind to Akt2 kinase with high docking scores compared to the library of previously reported Akt2 inhibitors. In summary, we report the synthesis and biological evaluation of imidazoles that induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells by negatively regulating PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - V Srinivasa
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Bangalore University, Central College Campus, Palace Road, Bangalore 560001, India
| | - Shobith Rangappa
- Frontier Research Center for Post-Genome Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0808, Japan
| | - Lewis Mervin
- Centre for Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Surender Mohan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Shardul Paricharak
- Centre for Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sefer Baday
- Centre for Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Applied Informatics Department, Informatics Institute, Istanbul Technical University, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Muthu K Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Arunachalam Chinnathambi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh -11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M E Zayed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh -11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sulaiman Ali Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh -11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Andreas Bender
- Centre for Molecular Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh -11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, CHIRI Biosciences Research Precinct, Curtin University, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Basappa
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Bangalore University, Central College Campus, Palace Road, Bangalore 560001, India
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Fan W, Sun L, Zhou JQ, Zhang C, Qin S, Tang Y, Liu Y, Lin SS, Yuan ST. Marsdenia tenacissima extract induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in human esophageal carcinoma cells by inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Chin J Nat Med 2016; 13:428-37. [PMID: 26073339 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(15)30036-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Marsdenia tenacissima extract (MTE, trade name: Xiao-Ai-Ping injection) is an extract of a single Chinese plant medicine. It has been used for the treatment of cancer in China for decades, especially for esophageal cancer and other cancers in the digestive tract. In the present study, the potential mechanism for MTE's activity in esophageal cancer was explored. The effects of MTE on the proliferation of human esophageal cancer cells (KYSE150 and Eca-109) were investigated by the MTT assay, the BrdU (bromodeoxyuridine) incorporation immunofluorescence assay, and flow cytometric analysis. MTE inhibited cell proliferation through inducing G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in KYSE150 and Eca-109. Western blot analysis was employed to determine protein levels in the MTE treated cells. Compared with the control cells, the expression levels of the cell cycle regulatory proteins cyclin D1/D2/D3, cyclin E1, CDK2/4/6 (CDK: cyclin dependent kinase), and p-Rb were decreased significantly in the cells treated with MTE at 40 mg·mL(-1). In addition, MTE had an inhibitory effect on the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signal transduction pathway, including ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase), JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase), and p38MAPK. Moreover, MTE showed little additional effects on the regulation of cyclin D1/D3, CDK4/6, and p-Rb when the ERK pathway was already inhibited by the specific ERK inhibitor U0126. In conclusion, these data suggest that MTE inhibits human esophageal cancer cell proliferation through regulation of cell cycle regulatory proteins and the MAPK signaling pathways, which is probably mediated by the inhibition of ERK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fan
- Jiangsu Center for Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Li Sun
- Jiangsu Center for Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jing-Qian Zhou
- Department of Complex Prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Material Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Cang Zhang
- Nanjing Sanhome Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Nanjing 210038, China
| | - Song Qin
- Nanjing Sanhome Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Nanjing 210038, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Nanjing Sanhome Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Nanjing 210038, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Nanjing Sanhome Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Nanjing 210038, China
| | - Sen-Sen Lin
- Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Sheng-Tao Yuan
- Jiangsu Center for Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Wang D, Zhu H, Ye Q, Wang C, Xu Y. Prognostic Value of KIF2A and HER2-Neu Overexpression in Patients With Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e2803. [PMID: 26937910 PMCID: PMC4779007 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinesin family member 2A (KIF2A) is a member of Kinesin-13 family and involved in cell migration and cell signaling. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2-neu) is implicated in the development of many cancers. Both of these 2 proteins are upstream inducer of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway that plays an important role in the regulation of many cellular events including proliferation, survival, and invasion. We hypothesized that aberrant KIF2A and HER2-neu expression might be associated with aggressive behavior of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).To address the prognostic implications of KIF2A and HER2-neu in EOC, we assessed protein levels of KIF2A and HER2-neu in 159 ovarian and fallopian tube tissues (111 carcinomas and 48 normal ovary or fallopian tube tissues) by immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis on tissue microarray and KIF2A mRNA levels in 35 ovarian and fallopian tube tissues (15 carcinomas and 20 normal ovary or fallopian tube tissues) by real-time PCR.We found that significantly higher KIF2A mRNA expression in EOC tumors than that in normal ovary or fallopian tube tissues. The IHC results showed that protein of KIF2A and HER2-neu was overexpressed in EOC tissues compared with normal ovary or fallopian tube tissues, and KIF2A expression level was significantly associated with lymph nodes, metastasis, ascites cells, and FIGO stage. No correlation between KIF2A and HER2-neu expression was observed. Survival analysis showed that patients with KIF2A and HER2-neu overexpression had a worse overall survival (OS) as compared to patients with low or none expression of the 2 proteins. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed that overexpression of KIF2A was an independent prognostic factor for OS.These findings indicate the important role of KIF2A in predicting EOC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (DW, QY, CW, YX) and Department of Pathology (HZ), Nantong University Affiliated Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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Activated Integrin-Linked Kinase Negatively Regulates Muscle Cell Enhancement Factor 2C in C2C12 Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2015:748470. [PMID: 26788505 PMCID: PMC4695646 DOI: 10.1155/2015/748470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study reported that muscle cell enhancement factor 2C (MEF2C) was fully activated after inhibition of the phosphorylation activity of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) in the skeletal muscle cells of goats. It enhanced the binding of promoter or enhancer of transcription factor related to proliferation of muscle cells and then regulated the expression of these genes. In the present investigation, we explored whether ILK activation depended on PI3K to regulate the phosphorylation and transcriptional activity of MEF2C during C2C12 cell proliferation. We inhibited PI3K activity in C2C12 with LY294002 and then found that ILK phosphorylation levels and MEF2C phosphorylation were decreased and that MCK mRNA expression was suppressed significantly. After inhibiting ILK phosphorylation activity with Cpd22 and ILK-shRNA, we found MEF2C phosphorylation activity and MCK mRNA expression were increased extremely significantly. In the presence of Cpd22, PI3K activity inhibition increased MEF2C phosphorylation and MCK mRNA expression indistinctively. We conclude that ILK negatively and independently of PI3K regulated MEF2C phosphorylation activity and MCK mRNA expression in C2C12 cells. The results provide new ideas for the study of classical signaling pathway of PI3K-ILK-related proteins and transcription factors.
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Development of anti-angiogenic tyrosine kinases inhibitors: molecular structures and binding modes. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2016; 77:905-26. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-016-2961-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Li L, Zhang CL, Song HR, Tan CY, Ding HW, Jiang YY. Discovery of novel dual inhibitors of VEGFR and PI3K kinases containing 2-ureidothiazole scaffold. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Mitrousis N, Tropepe V, Hermanson O. Post-Translational Modifications of Histones in Vertebrate Neurogenesis. Front Neurosci 2015; 9:483. [PMID: 26733796 PMCID: PMC4689847 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of neurogenesis, through which the entire nervous system of an organism is formed, has attracted immense scientific attention for decades. How can a single neural stem cell give rise to astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and neurons? Furthermore, how is a neuron led to choose between the hundreds of different neuronal subtypes that the vertebrate CNS contains? Traditionally, niche signals and transcription factors have been on the spotlight. Recent research is increasingly demonstrating that the answer may partially lie in epigenetic regulation of gene expression. In this article, we comprehensively review the role of post-translational histone modifications in neurogenesis in both the embryonic and adult CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Mitrousis
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vincent Tropepe
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function, University of Toronto Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ola Hermanson
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Sweden
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Liu J, Deng YH, Yang L, Chen Y, Lawali M, Sun LP, Liu Y. CPU-12, a novel synthesized oxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine derivative, showed superior anti-angiogenic activity. J Pharmacol Sci 2015; 129:9-17. [PMID: 26154846 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a crucial requirement for malignant tumor growth, progression and metastasis. Tumor-derived factors stimulate formation of new blood vessels which actively support tumor growth and spread. Various of drugs have been applied to inhibit tumor angiogenesis. CPU-12, 4-chloro-N-(4-((2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-methyloxazolo[5,4-d] pyrimidin-7-yl)amino)phenyl)benzamide, is a novel oxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine derivative that showed potent activity in inhibiting VEGF-induced angiogenesis in vitro and ex-vivo. In cell toxicity experiments, CPU-12 significantly inhibited the human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation in a dose-dependent manner with a low IC50 value at 9.30 ± 1.24 μM. In vitro, CPU-12 remarkably inhibited HUVEC's migration, chemotactic invasion and capillary-like tube formation in a dose-dependent manner. In ex-vivo, CPU-12 effectively inhibited new microvessels sprouting from the rat aortic ring. In addition, the downstream signalings of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), including the phosphorylation of PI3K, ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK, were effectively down-regulated by CPU-12. These evidences suggested that angiogenic response via the induction of VEGFR through distinct signal transduction pathways regulating proliferation, migration and tube formation of endothelial cells was significantly inhibited by the novel small molecule compound CPU-12 in vitro and ex-vivo. In conclusion, CPU-12 showed superior anti-angiogenic activity in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiping Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Ya-Hui Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yijuan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Manzo Lawali
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Li-Ping Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design & Optimization, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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Zhou Y, Hu Z, Li N, Jiang R. Interleukin-32 stimulates osteosarcoma cell invasion and motility via AKT pathway-mediated MMP-13 expression. Int J Mol Med 2015; 35:1729-33. [PMID: 25846944 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
As a pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-32 (IL-32) is reported to play an important role in tumor development and progression. However, its effects on the invasion and motility of osteosarcoma cells remain elusive. The aim of the present study was to determine the molecular mechanisms of IL-32 in osteosarcoma cells using RT-PCR and western blot analysis. The results showed that IL-32 stimulation dose-dependently promoted the invasion and motility of osteosarcoma cells. Knockdown of endogenous IL-32 by siRNA inhibited osteosarcoma cell invasion and motility. Moreover, IL-32 induced the activation of AKT in a time-dependent manner. IL-32 stimulation was also capable of increasing the expression and secretion of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13, which is involved in tumor invasion and metastasis. In addition, blockade of AKT activation suppressed IL-32-mediated invasion, motility and MMP-13 upregulation in osteosarcoma cells. Taken together, our results suggest that IL-32 stimulation promotes the invasion and motility of osteosarcoma cells, possibly via the activation of AKT and the upregulation of MMP-13 expression. Thus, IL-32 may serve as a marker for diagnosis, as well as for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Liuzhou, Liuzhou 545006, P.R. China
| | - Zhaohui Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The People's Hospital of Liuzhou, Liuzhou 545006, P.R. China
| | - Ningning Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The People's Hospital of Liuzhou, Liuzhou 545006, P.R. China
| | - Renjie Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The People's Hospital of Liuzhou, Liuzhou 545006, P.R. China
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Qu D, Xu XM, Zhang M, Jiang TS, Zhang Y, Li SQ. Cbl participates in shikonin-induced apoptosis by negatively regulating phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:1305-13. [PMID: 25815461 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Shikonin, a naturally occurring naphthoquinone, exhibits anti-tumorigenic activity. However, its precise mechanisms of action have remained elusive. In the present study, the involvement in the action of shikonin of the ubiquitin ligases Cbl-b and c-Cbl, which are negative regulators of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activation, was investigated. Shikonin was observed to reduce cell viability and induce apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest in lung cancer cells. In addition, shikonin increased the protein levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated X and p53 and reduced those of Bcl-2. Additionally, shikonin inhibited PI3k/Akt activity and upregulated Cbl protein expression. In addition, a specific inhibitor of PI3K, LY294002, was observed to have a synergistic effect on the proliferation inhibition and apoptotic induction of A549 cells with shikonin. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that Cbl proteins promote shikonin-induced apoptosis by negatively regulating PI3K/Akt signaling in lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Qu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Man Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Ting-Shu Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Qi Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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Raimondo S, Saieva L, Corrado C, Fontana S, Flugy A, Rizzo A, De Leo G, Alessandro R. Chronic myeloid leukemia-derived exosomes promote tumor growth through an autocrine mechanism. Cell Commun Signal 2015; 13:8. [PMID: 25644060 PMCID: PMC4320527 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-015-0086-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder in which leukemic cells display a reciprocal t(9:22) chromosomal translocation that results in the formation of the chimeric BCR-ABL oncoprotein, with a constitutive tyrosine kinase activity. Consequently, BCR-ABL causes increased proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, and altered adhesion of leukemic blasts to the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. It has been well documented that cancer cells can generate their own signals in order to sustain their growth and survival, and recent studies have revealed the role of cancer-derived exosomes in activating signal transduction pathways involved in cancer cell proliferation. Exosomes are small vesicles of 40-100 nm in diameter that are initially formed within the endosomal compartment, and are secreted when a multivesicular body (MVB) fuses with the plasma membrane. These vesicles are released by many cell types including cancer cells, and are considered messengers in intercellular communication. We have previously shown that CML cells released exosomes able to affect the tumor microenvironment. RESULTS CML cells, exposed up to one week, to exosomes showed a dose-dependent increased proliferation compared with controls. Moreover, exosome treatment promotes the formation of LAMA84 colonies in methylcellulose. In a CML xenograft model, treatment of mice with exosomes caused a greater increase in tumor size compared with controls (PBS-treated mice). Real time PCR and Western Blot analysis showed, in both in vitro and in vivo samples, an increase in mRNA and protein levels of anti-apoptotic molecules, such as BCL-w, BCL-xl, and survivin, and a reduction of the pro-apoptotic molecules BAD, BAX and PUMA. We also found that TGF- β1 was enriched in CML-exosomes. Our investigations showed that exosome-stimulated proliferation of leukemia cells, as well as the exosome-mediated activation of an anti-apoptotic phenotype, can be inhibited by blocking TGF-β1 signaling. CONCLUSIONS CML-derived exosomes promote, through an autocrine mechanism, the proliferation and survival of tumor cells, both in vitro and in vivo, by activating anti-apoptotic pathways. We propose that this mechanism is activated by a ligand-receptor interaction between TGF-β1, found in CML-derived exosomes, and the TGF- β1 receptor in CML cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Raimondo
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche e Forensi, Università degli studi di Palermo, sezione di Biologia e Genetica, Via Divisi 83, 90100, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Laura Saieva
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche e Forensi, Università degli studi di Palermo, sezione di Biologia e Genetica, Via Divisi 83, 90100, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Chiara Corrado
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche e Forensi, Università degli studi di Palermo, sezione di Biologia e Genetica, Via Divisi 83, 90100, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Simona Fontana
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche e Forensi, Università degli studi di Palermo, sezione di Biologia e Genetica, Via Divisi 83, 90100, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Anna Flugy
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche e Forensi, Università degli studi di Palermo, sezione di Biologia e Genetica, Via Divisi 83, 90100, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Aroldo Rizzo
- Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia- Cervello, Anatomia Patologica, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Giacomo De Leo
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche e Forensi, Università degli studi di Palermo, sezione di Biologia e Genetica, Via Divisi 83, 90100, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Alessandro
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Biotecnologie Mediche e Forensi, Università degli studi di Palermo, sezione di Biologia e Genetica, Via Divisi 83, 90100, Palermo, Italy.
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Pathania AS, Wani ZA, Guru SK, Kumar S, Bhushan S, Korkaya H, Seals DF, Kumar A, Mondhe DM, Ahmed Z, Chandan BK, Malik F. The anti-angiogenic and cytotoxic effects of the boswellic acid analog BA145 are potentiated by autophagy inhibitors. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:6. [PMID: 25608686 PMCID: PMC4509694 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-14-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While angiogenesis inhibitors represent a viable cancer therapy, there is preclinical and clinical data to suggest that many tumors develop resistance to such treatments. Moreover, previous studies have revealed a complex association between autophagy and angiogenesis, and their collective influence on tumorigenesis. Autophagy has been implicated in cytoprotection and tumor promotion, and as such may represent an alternative way of targeting apoptosis-resistant cancer cells. This study explored the anti-cancer agent and boswellic acid analog BA145 as an inducer of autophagy and angiogenesis-mediated cytoprotection of tumor cells. Methods Flow cytometry, western blotting, and confocal microscopy were used to investigate the role of BA145 mediated autophagy. ELISA, microvessel sprouting, capillary structure formation, aortic ring and wound healing assays were performed to determine the relationship between BA145 triggered autophagy and angiogenesis. Flow cytometery, western blotting, and microscopy were employed to examine the mechanism of BA145 induced cell death and apoptosis. Live imaging and tumor volume analysis were carried out to evaluate the effect of BA145 triggered autophagy on mouse tumor xenografts. Results BA145 induced autophagy in PC-3 cancer cells and HUVECs significantly impeded its negative regulation on cell proliferation, migration, invasion and tube formation. These effects of BA145 induced autophagy were observed under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. However, inhibition of autophagy using either pharmacological inhibitors or RNA interference enhanced the BA145 mediated death of these cells. Similar observations were noticed with sunitinib, the anti-angiogenic properties of which were significantly enhanced during combination treatments with autophagy inhibitors. In mouse tumor xenografts, co-treatment with chloroquinone and BA145 led to a considerable reduction in tumor burden and angiogenesis compared to BA145 alone. Conclusion These studies reveal the essential role of BA145 triggered autophagy in the regulation of angiogenesis and cytoprotection. It also suggests that the combination of the autophagy inhibitors with chemotherapy or anti-angiogenic agents may be an effective therapeutic approach against cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1476-4598-14-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup S Pathania
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, 110001, India.
| | - Zahoor A Wani
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India.
| | - Santosh K Guru
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India.
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, 110001, India.
| | - Shashi Bhushan
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India.
| | - Hasan Korkaya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, 1410 Laney Walker Boulevard CN2136, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
| | - Darren F Seals
- Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, 572 Rivers Street, Boone, NC, 28608, USA.
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India.
| | - Dilip M Mondhe
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India.
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- Department of Inflammation Pharmacology, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India.
| | - Bal K Chandan
- Department of Inflammation Pharmacology, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India.
| | - Fayaz Malik
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180001, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, 110001, India.
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Cebulla J, Huuse EM, Pettersen K, van der Veen A, Kim E, Andersen S, Prestvik WS, Bofin AM, Pathak AP, Bjørkøy G, Bathen TF, Moestue SA. MRI reveals the in vivo cellular and vascular response to BEZ235 in ovarian cancer xenografts with different PI3-kinase pathway activity. Br J Cancer 2014; 112:504-13. [PMID: 25535727 PMCID: PMC4453650 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) pathway is an attractive therapeutic target. However, difficulty in predicting therapeutic response limits the clinical implementation of PI3K inhibitors. This study evaluates the utility of clinically relevant magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers for noninvasively assessing the in vivo response to the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor BEZ235 in two ovarian cancer models with differential PI3K pathway activity. METHODS The PI3K signalling activity of TOV-21G and TOV-112D human ovarian cancer cells was investigated in vitro. Cellular and vascular response of the xenografts to BEZ235 treatment (65 mg kg(-1), 3 days) was assessed in vivo using diffusion-weighted (DW) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI. Micro-computed tomography was performed to investigate changes in vascular morphology. RESULTS The TOV-21G cells showed higher PI3K signalling activity than TOV-112D cells in vitro and in vivo. Treated TOV-21G xenografts decreased in volume and DW-MRI revealed an increased water diffusivity that was not found in TOV-112D xenografts. Treatment-induced improvement in vascular functionality was detected with DCE-MRI in both models. Changes in vascular morphology were not found. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that DW- and DCE-MRI can detect cellular and vascular response to PI3K/mTOR inhibition in vivo. However, only DW-MRI could discriminate between a strong and weak response to BEZ235.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cebulla
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - E M Huuse
- 1] Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway [2] Department of Medical Imaging, St Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim 7006, Norway
| | - K Pettersen
- 1] Center of Molecular Inflammation Research and Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway [2] Department of Technology, University College of Sør-Trøndelag, Trondheim 7006, Norway [3] Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7006, Norway
| | - A van der Veen
- Center of Molecular Inflammation Research and Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - E Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - S Andersen
- 1] Center of Molecular Inflammation Research and Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway [2] Department of Technology, University College of Sør-Trøndelag, Trondheim 7006, Norway
| | - W S Prestvik
- Department of Technology, University College of Sør-Trøndelag, Trondheim 7006, Norway
| | - A M Bofin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7006, Norway
| | - A P Pathak
- Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - G Bjørkøy
- 1] Center of Molecular Inflammation Research and Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway [2] Department of Technology, University College of Sør-Trøndelag, Trondheim 7006, Norway
| | - T F Bathen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - S A Moestue
- 1] Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway [2] Department of Medical Imaging, St Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim 7006, Norway
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PCAF-mediated Akt1 acetylation enhances the proliferation of human glioblastoma cells. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:1455-62. [PMID: 25501279 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2522-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive malignant primary brain tumor in humans. The activation of PI3K/Akt1 signaling pathway is involved in the proliferation of glioblastoma; however, the underlying mechanism of Akt1 activation during the development of glioblastoma remains largely unclear. Recently, the modification of molecular molecules at protein level such as acetylation has been shown to be related to the function of these molecules. Thus, in our present studies, the acetylation of Akt1 molecule and its role in the proliferation of glioblastoma cells was explored. The results showed that Akt1 was markedly acetylated in glioblastoma cells compared to normal human astrocytes. Mechanistically, PCAF-mediated Akt1 acetylation enhanced Akt1 phosphorylation at both sites of Thr(308) and Ser(473) and further promoted the proliferation of glioblastoma cells. Together, these data implicate that, as a post-translational regulation, PCAF-mediated Akt1 acetylation plays an important role in the proliferation of human glioblastoma, suggesting a novel target for clinical application.
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Mérour JY, Buron F, Plé K, Bonnet P, Routier S. The azaindole framework in the design of kinase inhibitors. Molecules 2014; 19:19935-79. [PMID: 25460315 PMCID: PMC6271083 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191219935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This review article illustrates the growing use of azaindole derivatives as kinase inhibitors and their contribution to drug discovery and innovation. The different protein kinases which have served as targets and the known molecules which have emerged from medicinal chemistry and Fragment-Based Drug Discovery (FBDD) programs are presented. The various synthetic routes used to access these compounds and the chemical pathways leading to their synthesis are also discussed. An analysis of their mode of binding based on X-ray crystallography data gives structural insights for the design of more potent and selective inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Yves Mérour
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans, UMR CNRS 7311, Orléans F-45067, France.
| | - Frédéric Buron
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans, UMR CNRS 7311, Orléans F-45067, France.
| | - Karen Plé
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans, UMR CNRS 7311, Orléans F-45067, France.
| | - Pascal Bonnet
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans, UMR CNRS 7311, Orléans F-45067, France.
| | - Sylvain Routier
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans, UMR CNRS 7311, Orléans F-45067, France.
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