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Su J, Xiao J, Deng X, Lin X, Xie L, Ye H, Lin C, Zhou F, Wu S. Combining Aloin with TIENAM ameliorates cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis in mice by attenuating inflammation and modulating abdominal cavity microbiota. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 141:112925. [PMID: 39154534 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Despite the high mortality rate, sepsis lacks specific and effective treatment options. Conventional antibiotics, such as TIENAM (TIE; imipenem and cilastatin sodium for injection), face challenges owing to the emergence of bacterial resistance, which reduces their effectiveness and causes adverse effects. Addressing resistance and judicious drug use is crucial. Our research revealed that aloin (Alo) significantly boosts survival rates and reduces inflammation and bacterial load in mice with sepsis, demonstrating strong antimicrobial activity. Using a synergistic Alo + TIE regimen in a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis model, we observed a remarkable increase in survival rates from 10 % to 75 % within 72 h compared with the CLP group alone. This combination therapy also modulated inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, mitigated tissue damage, regulated immune cells by lowering NK, activated CD8+ and CD4+ T cells while increasing peritoneal macrophages, and decreased the bacterial load in the peritoneal cavity. We noted a significant shift in the abdominal cavity microbiota composition post-treatment, with a decrease in harmful bacteria, such as Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Klebsiella, Bacillus, and Escherichia, and an increase in beneficial bacteria, such as Lactobacillus and Mucispirillum. Our study emphasizes the efficacy of combining Alo with TIE to combat sepsis, and paves the way for further investigations and potential clinical applications aiming to overcome the limitations of TIE and enhance the therapeutic prospects of Alo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqian Su
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China.
| | - Jianbin Xiao
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Deng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China
| | - Xinrui Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China
| | - Lian Xie
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China
| | - Hui Ye
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China
| | - Congfan Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China
| | - Fen Zhou
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China
| | - Shun Wu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350117, PR China
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Pandolfo GW, de Cristo TG, Withoeft JA, da Silva Sá JJ, Fornara MA, Viebrantz A, Casa M, Wisser CS, Casagrande RA. Neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases associated with feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) in cats in southern Brazil. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 112:102228. [PMID: 39151280 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to categorise diseases associated with FeLV infection in cats. A total of 154 cats were submitted to necropsy, histopathology exam and anti-FeLV immunohistochemistry (IHC), and 83 (50.9 %) were IHC FeLV-positive. The cats age means of 4.1 years, including 3.6 % kittens, 34.9 % junior, 37.4 % prime, 18.1 % mature, 2.4 % senior, 3.6 % unknown age. Neoplastic diseases were most prevalent with leukaemia and lymphoma being most predominant, followed by viral diseases, bacterial, trauma, degenerative, intoxications, parasitic, malformation and others. FeLV+ cats were 5.73 times more likely to be diagnosed with neoplasms than other diseases. The odds ratio (OR) of FeLV+ cats developing leukaemia (OR = 7.75) and lymphoma (OR = 6.75) was higher than other neoplasms. FeLV infection was more prevalent in the mixed breed, junior to prime, male, with neoplastic diseases, including leukaemia and lymphoma. Therefore, understanding the diseases associated with FeLV is of paramount importance in Brazil due to its high prevalence, and it may encourage the implementation of prophylactic measures to reduce its dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Willian Pandolfo
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal (LAPA), Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias - Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (CAV/UDESC), Lages, SC, Brazil.
| | - Thierry Grima de Cristo
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal (LAPA), Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias - Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (CAV/UDESC), Lages, SC, Brazil.
| | - Jéssica Aline Withoeft
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal (LAPA), Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias - Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (CAV/UDESC), Lages, SC, Brazil.
| | - Jennyfer Júlia da Silva Sá
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal (LAPA), Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias - Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (CAV/UDESC), Lages, SC, Brazil.
| | - Maria Augusta Fornara
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal (LAPA), Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias - Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (CAV/UDESC), Lages, SC, Brazil.
| | - Aline Viebrantz
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal (LAPA), Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias - Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (CAV/UDESC), Lages, SC, Brazil.
| | | | - Claudia Salete Wisser
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal (LAPA), Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias - Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (CAV/UDESC), Lages, SC, Brazil.
| | - Renata Assis Casagrande
- Laboratório de Patologia Animal (LAPA), Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias - Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (CAV/UDESC), Lages, SC, Brazil.
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Brigandì E, Valenti P, Bacci B, Brunetti B, Avallone G. Prognostic impact of Ki-67 in canine splenic hemangiosarcoma: A preliminary study. Vet Pathol 2024; 61:534-540. [PMID: 38214328 DOI: 10.1177/03009858231225507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Canine splenic hemangiosarcoma has a high metastatic rate and short survival time. Currently, the main prognostic parameters are tumor stage and therapy, while data on histologic parameters, such as grade and Ki-67 expression, are scarce. The aims of this study were to compare two methods of assessment of Ki-67, verify their prognostic impact, and define a threshold value based on survival. Thirty-one cases of histologically diagnosed canine splenic hemangiosarcoma, which were treated with splenectomy and had full staging and follow-up information, were collected. Three were stage I, 17 stage II, and 11 stage III. The mean mitotic count (MC) was 23.9 (standard deviation [SD]: 22.1) and the median was 15 (range, 1-93). Immunohistochemistry for Ki-67 was performed, the Ki-67 labeling index (Ki-67LI) was assessed as a percentage of positive neoplastic nuclei per ≥500 cell, and the Ki-67 count (KI-67C) was defined as the average number of positive nuclei using a 1 cm2 optical grid performed in 5, 40× fields. The mean Ki-67LI and Ki-67C were 56.4% (SD: 38.7) and 27.2 (SD: 12.9) and medians were 51% (range, 8.2-55.2) and 26 (range, 5.5-148), respectively. Using a cut-off of 56% and 9, respectively, Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed an association of overall survival with Ki-67LI and MC. In addition to clinical stage, Ki-67LI maintained its prognostic value on multivariate analysis, supporting the role of Ki-67LI as an independent prognostic parameter. Based on these results, we propose a diagnostically applicable cut-off value of 56% for Ki-67LI as a prognostic parameter for canine splenic hemangiosarcoma.
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Muscatello LV, de Biase D, Maloberti T, di Oto E, Tallini G, Pellegrino V, Bacci B, Roccabianca P, Lepri E, Crippa L, Avallone G. Analysis of MDM2 and TP53 genes in canine liposarcoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14087. [PMID: 38890407 PMCID: PMC11189432 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64963-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Canine liposarcoma is an uncommon tumor that shares morphological similarities with its human counterpart. In dogs, the genetic features of this tumor are unknown and, based on immunohistochemical studies, amplification of the gene MDM2 and the mutation of TP53 are suspected. In this study 51 cases of primary liposarcomas were immunohistochemically stained for MDM2 and p53 and subjected to fluorescent in situ hybridization and next-generation sequencing to detect MDM2 amplification and TP53 mutations, respectively. MDM2 and p53 were expressed in 21 and 6 cases, respectively. MDM2 amplification and TP53 mutations were identified in 10 and 15 cases, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed an association of the myxoid subtype and the mitotic count with p53 expression and TP53 mutation. No association was found between MDM2 amplification and MDM2 expression or tumor subtype. These results suggest that despite morphological similarities, canine liposarcoma differs from its human counterpart, for which MDM2 amplification is diagnostic for well differentiated and de-differentiated variants, and TP53 mutations are more common in pleomorphic liposarcoma rather than the myxoid one as occur in our cases. Furthermore, canine myxoid liposarcoma likely represents a distinct disease rather than a mere morphological variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Vera Muscatello
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University di Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Dario de Biase
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Solid Tumor Molecular Pathology Laboratory, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Thais Maloberti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Solid Tumor Molecular Pathology Laboratory, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Enrico di Oto
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Solid Tumor Molecular Pathology Laboratory, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tallini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Solid Tumor Molecular Pathology Laboratory, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valeria Pellegrino
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University di Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Barbara Bacci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University di Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Paola Roccabianca
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - Elvio Lepri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Giancarlo Avallone
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (DIMEVET), University di Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, BO, Italy.
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5
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Groll T, Aupperle-Lellbach H, Mogler C, Steiger K. [Comparative pathology in oncology-Best practice]. PATHOLOGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 45:190-197. [PMID: 38602524 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-024-01327-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Comparative experimental pathology is a research field at the interface of human and veterinary medicine. It is focused on the comparative study of similarities and differences between spontaneous and experimentally induced diseases in animals (animal models) compared to human diseases. The use of animal models for studying human diseases is an essential component of biomedical research. Interdisciplinary teams with species-specific expertise should collaborate wherever possible and maintain close communication. Mutual openness, cooperation, and willingness to learn form the basis for a fruitful collaboration. Research projects jointly led by or involving both animal and human pathologists make a significant contribution to high-quality biomedical research. Such approaches are promising not only in oncological research, as outlined in this article, but also in other research areas where animal models are regularly used, such as infectiology, neurology, and developmental biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Groll
- Institut für Pathologie und Pathologische Anatomie, School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München, Trogerstraße 18, 81675, München, Deutschland
- Comparative Experimental Pathology (CEP), School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland
| | - Heike Aupperle-Lellbach
- Institut für Pathologie und Pathologische Anatomie, School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München, Trogerstraße 18, 81675, München, Deutschland
- Comparative Experimental Pathology (CEP), School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland
- LABOKLIN GmbH & Co. KG, Bad Kissingen, Deutschland
| | - Carolin Mogler
- Institut für Pathologie und Pathologische Anatomie, School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München, Trogerstraße 18, 81675, München, Deutschland
- Comparative Experimental Pathology (CEP), School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institut für Pathologie und Pathologische Anatomie, School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München, Trogerstraße 18, 81675, München, Deutschland.
- Comparative Experimental Pathology (CEP), School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland.
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Aubreville M, Stathonikos N, Donovan TA, Klopfleisch R, Ammeling J, Ganz J, Wilm F, Veta M, Jabari S, Eckstein M, Annuscheit J, Krumnow C, Bozaba E, Çayır S, Gu H, Chen X'A, Jahanifar M, Shephard A, Kondo S, Kasai S, Kotte S, Saipradeep VG, Lafarge MW, Koelzer VH, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Yang S, Wang X, Breininger K, Bertram CA. Domain generalization across tumor types, laboratories, and species - Insights from the 2022 edition of the Mitosis Domain Generalization Challenge. Med Image Anal 2024; 94:103155. [PMID: 38537415 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2024.103155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Recognition of mitotic figures in histologic tumor specimens is highly relevant to patient outcome assessment. This task is challenging for algorithms and human experts alike, with deterioration of algorithmic performance under shifts in image representations. Considerable covariate shifts occur when assessment is performed on different tumor types, images are acquired using different digitization devices, or specimens are produced in different laboratories. This observation motivated the inception of the 2022 challenge on MItosis Domain Generalization (MIDOG 2022). The challenge provided annotated histologic tumor images from six different domains and evaluated the algorithmic approaches for mitotic figure detection provided by nine challenge participants on ten independent domains. Ground truth for mitotic figure detection was established in two ways: a three-expert majority vote and an independent, immunohistochemistry-assisted set of labels. This work represents an overview of the challenge tasks, the algorithmic strategies employed by the participants, and potential factors contributing to their success. With an F1 score of 0.764 for the top-performing team, we summarize that domain generalization across various tumor domains is possible with today's deep learning-based recognition pipelines. However, we also found that domain characteristics not present in the training set (feline as new species, spindle cell shape as new morphology and a new scanner) led to small but significant decreases in performance. When assessed against the immunohistochemistry-assisted reference standard, all methods resulted in reduced recall scores, with only minor changes in the order of participants in the ranking.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Taryn A Donovan
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, The Schwarzman Animal Medical Center, NY, USA
| | - Robert Klopfleisch
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Jonathan Ganz
- Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Germany
| | - Frauke Wilm
- Pattern Recognition Lab, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany; Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mitko Veta
- Computational Pathology Group, Radboud UMC Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Samir Jabari
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nünberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | - Engin Bozaba
- Artificial Intelligence Research Team, Virasoft Corporation, NY, USA
| | - Sercan Çayır
- Artificial Intelligence Research Team, Virasoft Corporation, NY, USA
| | - Hongyan Gu
- University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Satoshi Kasai
- Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Sujatha Kotte
- TCS Research, Tata Consultancy Services Ltd, Hyderabad, India
| | - V G Saipradeep
- TCS Research, Tata Consultancy Services Ltd, Hyderabad, India
| | - Maxime W Lafarge
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Viktor H Koelzer
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ziyue Wang
- Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Sen Yang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiyue Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Katharina Breininger
- Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christof A Bertram
- Institute of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
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Brachelente C, Torrigiani F, Porcellato I, Drigo M, Brescia M, Treggiari E, Ferro S, Zappulli V, Sforna M. Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Its Clinicopathological and Prognostic Associations in Canine Splenic Hemangiosarcoma. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1224. [PMID: 38672372 PMCID: PMC11047608 DOI: 10.3390/ani14081224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells can induce important cellular and molecular modifications in the tissue or host where they grow. The idea that the host and tumor interact with each other has led to the concept of a tumor microenvironment, composed of immune cells, stromal cells, blood vessels, and extracellular matrix, representing a unique environment participating and, in some cases, promoting cancer progression. The study of the tumor immune microenvironment, particularly focusing on the role of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), is highly relevant in oncology due to the prognostic and therapeutic significance of TILs in various tumors and their identification as targets for therapeutic intervention. Canine splenic hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is a common tumor; however, its immune microenvironment remains poorly understood. This retrospective study aimed to characterize the histological and immunohistochemical features of 56 cases of canine splenic HSA, focusing particularly on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). We assessed the correlations between the lymphocytic response, the macroscopic and histological characteristics of the tumor, and the survival data. Our study demonstrated that FoxP3 distribution was associated with tumor-related death and survival, while the CD20 count was associated with metastasis. This study provides an in-depth characterization of the tumor immune microenvironment in canine splenic HSA and describes potential prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Brachelente
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.B.); (M.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Filippo Torrigiani
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, AGRIPOLIS, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (F.T.); (S.F.); (V.Z.)
| | - Ilaria Porcellato
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.B.); (M.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Michele Drigo
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, AGRIPOLIS, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy;
| | - Martina Brescia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.B.); (M.B.); (M.S.)
| | - Elisabetta Treggiari
- Clinica Veterinaria Croce Blu, via San Giovanni Bosco 27/C, 15121 Alessandria, Italy;
| | - Silvia Ferro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, AGRIPOLIS, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (F.T.); (S.F.); (V.Z.)
| | - Valentina Zappulli
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, AGRIPOLIS, Viale dell’Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy; (F.T.); (S.F.); (V.Z.)
| | - Monica Sforna
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.B.); (M.B.); (M.S.)
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8
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Roccabianca P, Dell'Aere S, Avallone G, Zamboni C, Bertazzolo W, Crippa L, Giudice C, Caniatti M, Affolter VK. Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma: Morphological, immunophenotypical and clonality assessment in six cats. Vet Dermatol 2024; 35:207-218. [PMID: 37904626 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary cutaneous lymphoma represents 0.2%-3% of all feline lymphomas, with nonepitheliotropic lymphomas being the most common. In humans and dogs, subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) is a primary nonepitheliotropic lymphoma with a T-cell phenotype developing in the subcutis and often mimicking inflammation. OBJECTIVE The aim of this report is to describe pathological, phenotypical and clonal features of SPTCL in cats. ANIMALS Six cats with SPTCL were included in this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Skin biopsies were formalin-fixed, routinely processed and stained. Histological and immunohistochemical investigation for anti-CD18, CD204, CD79a, CD20, CD3, FeLVp27and FeLVgp70 and clonality assessment were performed. RESULTS Four male and two female domestic shorthair cats, mean age 11.2 years, developed SPTCL in the abdominal (three), inguinal (two) and thoracic (one) regions. Variably pleomorphic neoplastic lymphoid cells were present in the panniculus in percentages, expanding the septa (six of six) and extending into fat lobules in one of six cats. Tumours were associated with elevated numbers of neutrophils (five of six), lesser macrophages (six of six) and variable necrosis (six of six). Neoplastic cells expressed CD3+ (six of six), with clonal T-cell receptor rearrangement detected in five of six cats. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This is the first description of SPTCL in cats. Lesions can be confused with panniculitis, leading to delay in diagnosis and therapy. Awareness of this neoplastic disease is relevant to avoid misdiagnoses and to gain greater knowledge about the disease in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Roccabianca
- DIVAS, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Lodi (LO), Lombardia, Italy
| | - Silvia Dell'Aere
- DIVAS, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Lodi (LO), Lombardia, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Avallone
- DIMEVET, Università Degli Studi di Bologna, Grugliasco (BO), Emilia Romagna, Italy
| | - Clarissa Zamboni
- DIVAS, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Lodi (LO), Lombardia, Italy
| | | | - Luca Crippa
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza (MB), Lombardia, Italy
| | - Chiara Giudice
- DIVAS, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Lodi (LO), Lombardia, Italy
| | - Mario Caniatti
- DIVAS, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Lodi (LO), Lombardia, Italy
| | - Verena K Affolter
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
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9
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Ferrari R, Marconato L, Boracchi P, Stefanello D, Godizzi F, Murgia D, Schievenin V, Amati M, Faroni E, Roccabianca P. Splenic stromal sarcomas in dogs: Outcome and clinicopathological prognostic factors in 32 cases. Vet Comp Oncol 2024; 22:12-21. [PMID: 37918913 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Due to the low frequency and the changes in diagnostic techniques and terminology during the last few years, only little clinical information is available on splenic stromal sarcoma (SSS). This multi-institutional study aimed at gathering clinical cases of SSS in dogs and investigates their clinical behaviour, as well as analyse possible clinicopathological prognostic factors, including the use of adjuvant therapy. Dogs with a histologically confirmed SSS that underwent splenectomy were retrospectively included. To be included in the study, either FFPE tissue blocks or multiple tissue sections had to be available for histopathologic and immunohistochemical revision. Clinical and pathological variables, along with adjuvant therapy data, were collected. Cumulative incidence of metastatic disease was analysed through univariate and bivariate analyses. The impact of adjuvant chemotherapy on metastasis incidence and survival was assessed, considering an estimated propensity score. A total of 32 dogs were included. Among them, 22 developed metastases with an incidence of 37.5%, 59.38%, and 65.94% at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. Univariate analysis identified mitotic count, total scoring, and necrosis as prognostic factors. In bivariate analysis, mitotic count remained prognostic. The administration of adjuvant chemotherapy did not have an impact on metastasis incidence or survival time. The study found that dogs with SSSs are at high risk of metastasis, although a small subgroup may experience longer survival after splenectomy. Mitotic count was the only variable having a reliable prognostic impact. Adjuvant chemotherapy did not appear to decrease the incidence of metastasis or prolong survival in these dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Laura Marconato
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Boracchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Laboratorio di Statistica Medica, Biometria ed Epidemiologia "G.A. Maccacaro", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Damiano Stefanello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Francesco Godizzi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Amati
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Eugenio Faroni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Paola Roccabianca
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Scienze Animali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, Italy
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10
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Rai T, Morisi A, Bacci B, Bacon NJ, Dark MJ, Aboellail T, Thomas SA, La Ragione RM, Wells K. Keeping Pathologists in the Loop and an Adaptive F1-Score Threshold Method for Mitosis Detection in Canine Perivascular Wall Tumours. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:644. [PMID: 38339394 PMCID: PMC10854568 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Performing a mitosis count (MC) is the diagnostic task of histologically grading canine Soft Tissue Sarcoma (cSTS). However, mitosis count is subject to inter- and intra-observer variability. Deep learning models can offer a standardisation in the process of MC used to histologically grade canine Soft Tissue Sarcomas. Subsequently, the focus of this study was mitosis detection in canine Perivascular Wall Tumours (cPWTs). Generating mitosis annotations is a long and arduous process open to inter-observer variability. Therefore, by keeping pathologists in the loop, a two-step annotation process was performed where a pre-trained Faster R-CNN model was trained on initial annotations provided by veterinary pathologists. The pathologists reviewed the output false positive mitosis candidates and determined whether these were overlooked candidates, thus updating the dataset. Faster R-CNN was then trained on this updated dataset. An optimal decision threshold was applied to maximise the F1-score predetermined using the validation set and produced our best F1-score of 0.75, which is competitive with the state of the art in the canine mitosis domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taranpreet Rai
- Centre for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK;
- Surrey DataHub, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7AL, UK
| | - Ambra Morisi
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7AL, UK; (A.M.); (R.M.L.R.)
| | - Barbara Bacci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | | | - Michael J. Dark
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Tawfik Aboellail
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA;
| | - Spencer A. Thomas
- Department of Computer Science, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK;
- National Physical Laboratory, London TW11 0LW, UK
| | - Roberto M. La Ragione
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7AL, UK; (A.M.); (R.M.L.R.)
- School of Biosciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Kevin Wells
- Centre for Vision, Speech and Signal Processing, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK;
- Surrey DataHub, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7AL, UK
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11
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Ferraro E, Harrison SH, Duke E, Troan B, Boddy A, Abegglen LM, Harrison TM. Retrospective Study of the Prevalence, Histopathology, Therapy, and Survival Time of Neoplastic Disease in Fish. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:464. [PMID: 38338107 PMCID: PMC10854637 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated neoplasia in fish using medical records from zoos, aquariums, and exotic animal veterinarians. The parameters evaluated included geographic location, habitat type, signalment, anatomic location of neoplasia, type of neoplasia as confirmed with histologic examination, survival time, and treatments provided for each patient. These data were entered into the Exotic Species Cancer Research Alliance (ESCRA) database. Out of 455 cases from across the United States and England, most animals submitted were from zoologic parks or aquariums (62.9%), followed by private ownership (1.5%). The percent of female (19.3%) and male (17.8%) patients were similar, and the mean age at the time of diagnosis was 99.45 months, with a range of 12 to 300 months. The species with the highest neoplasia prevalence was koi (18.5%), followed by goldfish (10.8%). The eye was the most commonly reported site for a primary neoplasm (8.4%), and the most prevalent diagnosis across all organ systems was soft tissue sarcoma (26.2%). Only 13 patients in this study (2.9%) received any form of treatment, with a mean survival time of 8.85 months post-treatment. These data demonstrate that while information related to clinical therapy of cancer in fish species is lacking, surgical excision of tumors in fish, when feasible for the patient and client, may improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Ferraro
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA; (E.F.); (E.D.); (B.T.)
| | - Scott H. Harrison
- Department of Biology, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 1601 E. Market St., Greensboro, NC 27411, USA;
| | - Elizabeth Duke
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA; (E.F.); (E.D.); (B.T.)
- Exotic Species Cancer Research Alliance, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA; (A.B.); (L.M.A.)
| | - Brigid Troan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA; (E.F.); (E.D.); (B.T.)
- Exotic Species Cancer Research Alliance, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA; (A.B.); (L.M.A.)
- North Carolina Zoological Park, 4401 Zoo Parkway, Asheboro, NC 27205, USA
| | - Amy Boddy
- Exotic Species Cancer Research Alliance, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA; (A.B.); (L.M.A.)
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Lisa M. Abegglen
- Exotic Species Cancer Research Alliance, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA; (A.B.); (L.M.A.)
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Tara M. Harrison
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA; (E.F.); (E.D.); (B.T.)
- Exotic Species Cancer Research Alliance, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1060 William Moore Drive, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA; (A.B.); (L.M.A.)
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12
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Marouda C, Anagnostou T, Brunetti B, Savvas I, Papazoglou LG, Psalla D. Cutaneous Canine Mast Cell Tumor: The Use of Proliferative Markers (Ki-67 and Ki-67 × AgNOR) in Cytological Samples for Diagnosis and Prognosis. Vet Sci 2024; 11:23. [PMID: 38250929 PMCID: PMC10821150 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A cytological grading system for canine mast cell tumors (MCTs) has been developed, but its integration into clinical routine has been hindered due to its diagnostic limitations. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of Ki-67 and argyrophilic nucleolar organizing region (AgNOR) markers in cytological MCT samples and to determine cut-off values for these markers in correlation with histopathological grading. Cytological samples were collected prior to surgical excision, and histopathological samples were obtained postsurgery from 45 dogs diagnosed with cutaneous mast cell tumors (MCTs). The cytological specimens were classified using a two-tier grading system, and their Ki-67 (average immunopositive nuclei per 100 cells) and AgNOR (average AgNOR counts per 100 nuclei) signaling was assessed. Through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, cut-off values for Ki-67 and Ki-67 × AgNOR were determined to better align with histopathological grading (classified as low or high grade according to Kiupel's scoring system). Without the inclusion of proliferative markers, there was a 73% agreement between cytological and histopathological grading. The prediction of histopathological grade was slightly more accurate when assessing Ki-67 and Ki-67 × AgNOR signaling in cytological specimens (75% and 80%, respectively) compared to the initial cytological grading. The cytological assessment of canine MCTs proves beneficial for the initial evaluation, and the incorporation of the evaluation of Ki-67 and AgNOR markers may assist in identifying diagnostically highly malignant MCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Marouda
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Tilemahos Anagnostou
- Unit of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Barbara Brunetti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ioannis Savvas
- Unit of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Lysimachos G. Papazoglou
- Unit of Surgery and Obstetrics, Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitra Psalla
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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13
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Schulman FY, Bertram CA, Meuten DJ, Moore FM, Avallone G, Bartel A, Bolfa P, Camus M, Chambers JK, Dark MJ, Dervisis N, Dobromylskyj MJ, Donovan TA, Foster RA, Krimer PM, Miller A, Milovancev M, Roccabianca P, Selmic LE, Wood GA. Overview of the Veterinary Cancer Guidelines and Protocols group's "Developing, reporting and validating histologic tumor grading systems". Vet Pathol 2024; 61:157-159. [PMID: 37921009 DOI: 10.1177/03009858231209409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pompei Bolfa
- Ross University, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | | | | | | | - Nick Dervisis
- VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA, USA
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14
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Belluco S, Marano G, Lurier T, Avallone G, Brachelente C, Di Palma S, Rasotto R, Baiker K, Beineke A, Oevermann A, Seehusen F, de Sant'Ana FJF, Boracchi P, Pumarola M, Mandara MT. Standardization of canine meningioma grading: Validation of new guidelines for reproducible histopathologic criteria. Vet Comp Oncol 2023; 21:685-699. [PMID: 37635372 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Canine meningiomas are currently graded using the human grading system. Recently published guidelines have adapted the human grading system for use in dogs. The goal of this study was to validate the new guidelines for canine meningiomas. To evaluate the inter-observer agreement, 5 veterinary surgical pathologists graded 158 canine meningiomas following the human grading system alone or with the new guidelines. The inter-observer agreement for histologic grade and each of the grading criteria (mitotic grade, invasion, spontaneous necrosis, macronucleoli, small cells, hypercellularity, pattern loss and anaplasia) was evaluated using the Fleiss kappa index. The diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity and specificity) was assessed by comparing the diagnoses obtained with the 2 grading systems with a consensus grade (considered the reference classification). The consensus histologic grade was obtained by agreement between 4 experienced veterinary neuropathologists following the guidelines. Compared with the human grading alone, the canine-specific guidelines increased the inter-observer agreement for: histologic grade (κ = 0.52); invasion (κ = 0.67); necrosis (κ = 0.62); small cells (κ = 0.36); pattern loss (κ = 0.49) and anaplasia (κ = 0.55). Mitotic grade agreement remained substantial (κ = 0.63). The guidelines improved the sensitivity in identifying grade 1 (95.6%) and the specificity in identifying grade 2 (96.2%) meningiomas. In conclusion, the new grading guidelines for canine meningiomas are associated with an overall improvement in the inter-observer agreement and higher diagnostic accuracy in diagnosing grade 1 and grade 2 meningiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Belluco
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, ICE UPSP 2016.A104, Axe Cancérologie, Marcy l'Etoile, Lyon, France
| | - Giuseppe Marano
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Thibaut Lurier
- INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR EPIA, Université Clermont Auvergne, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
- INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR EPIA, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Giancarlo Avallone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Brachelente
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Rasotto
- Diagnostic Pathology, Dick White Referrals, Station Farm, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Kerstin Baiker
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Science, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Andreas Beineke
- Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Institut für Pathologie, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anna Oevermann
- Division of Neurological Sciences, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Frauke Seehusen
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Patrizia Boracchi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Martí Pumarola
- Dept Medicina i Cirurgia, Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Mandara
- Laboratorio di Neuropatologia, Dip. di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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15
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Łopuszyński W, Brzana A, Szczubiał M, Bulak K, Śmiech A. Topoisomerase IIα immunoexpression in feline mammary carcinomas: A correlation with Ki67 immunoexpression and the mitotic count. Res Vet Sci 2023; 164:104992. [PMID: 37657395 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.104992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the immunohistochemical expression of topoisomerase IIα protein (Topo IIα) with Ki67 expression and mitotic count in feline mammary carcinomas (FMCs). Topo IIα is considered as a proliferation indicator as well as a molecular target of anthracycline chemotherapy. The studied material included 70 FMCs from female cats treated with mastectomy. Primary mouse monoclonal antibodies directed against Topo IIα and Ki67 were used in immunohistochemical reactions. The number of mitotic figures was counted at 400× magnification in a field of 2.37 mm2. Immunohistochemical reaction for Topo IIα occurred in cell nuclei. The Topo IIα index ranged from 6.12% to 54.60% and was positively correlated with the values of the Ki67 index (r = 0.7193) and the mitotic count (r = 0. 2858). This indicates the potential possibility of use of the immunohistochemical expression of Topo IIα to assess the rate of proliferation in FMCs. The wide range of expression of Topo IIα in individual tumorus found in the conducted studies allows us to hypothesize that its assessment could be used as a predictive marker in chemotherapy of FMCs with the use of anthracyclines. However, this requires confirmation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Łopuszyński
- Department of Pathomorphology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Adam Brzana
- Regional Veterinary Inspectorate in Opole, Regional Veterinary Laboratory, Opole, Poland
| | - Marek Szczubiał
- Department and Clinic of Animal Reproduction, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | - Kamila Bulak
- Department of Pathomorphology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Śmiech
- Department of Pathomorphology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
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16
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Miyanishi K, Nururrozi A, Igase M, Tanabe M, Sakurai M, Sakai Y, Shimonohara N, Murakami M, Mizuno T. Activation of the Akt signalling pathway as a prognostic indicator in canine soft tissue sarcoma. J Comp Pathol 2023; 206:44-52. [PMID: 37839309 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Canine soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is relatively common in dogs and is the generic term for tumours that originate from mesenchymal cells. While histopathological grade and immunolabelling with Ki-67 have been used for estimating prognosis, additional indicators are needed for predicting prognosis. Aberrant cell signalling pathways may contribute to disease activity and, therefore, prognostic markers. However, their role in canine STS remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate expression of phosphorylated Akt (phospho-Akt) and phosphorylated S6 (phospho-S6) as potential prognostic indicators. Immunohistochemical labelling was conducted on clinical samples of canine STS (n = 67). We found that phospho-Akt expression was positively correlated with histopathological grade (P = 0.001) and Ki-67 index (P <0.01). There was no apparent relationship between the type of STS and the expression of phospho-Akt. The number of cases that expressed phospho-S6, which is the downstream molecule of the Akt signalling pathway, was higher in immunopositive phospho-Akt cases than in immunonegative phospho-Akt cases (P <0.0001). Furthermore, phospho-Akt expression was significantly higher in recurrent and metastatic cases. We also confirmed that phosphorylation of Akt occurred in conjunction with S6 phosphorylation in three canine STS cell lines. These results suggest that immunolabelling for phospho-Akt, phospho-S6 and Ki-67 could potentially be used as a prognostic indicator and therapeutic target in canine STS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Miyanishi
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Alfarisa Nururrozi
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Masaya Igase
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Mika Tanabe
- Veterinary Pathology Diagnostic Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masashi Sakurai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sakai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | | | - Mami Murakami
- Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Oncology, Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Takuya Mizuno
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.
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17
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Ciaputa R, Brambilla E, Godizzi F, Dzimira S, Żebrowski K, Kandefer-Gola M, Nowak M, Grieco V. First report of primary testicular leiomyosarcoma in two dogs. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:101. [PMID: 37525233 PMCID: PMC10388459 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03658-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testicular tumours are common in dogs and, among them, interstitial cell tumours, seminomas and sustentacular cell tumours are the most reported. Mesenchymal testicular tumours are rarely reported in humans as in veterinary medicine where only three cases of sarcomas (leiomyomas and leomyosarcomas) have been described in two stallions and in a ram. CASE PRESENTATION The present cases regarded a 12-year-old mixed-breed dog and a 10-year-old American Staffordshire Terrier that underwent bilateral orchiectomy. Formalin fixed testes were referred for histopathological diagnosis. At gross examination, in one of the testes of both dogs, a white, firm and variably cystic testicular mass, effacing and replacing the testicular parenchyma was detected. Samples were collected from both neoplastic and contralateral testes, routinely processed for histology and serial sections were also examined immunohistochemically with primary antibodies against cytokeratins, vimentin, Von Willebrand factor, inhibin-α, α-smooth muscle actin, smooth muscle myosin and desmin. Histopathological features as well as the immunohistochemical results, positive for vimentin, actin, myosin and desmin, confirmed the mesenchymal origin and the myoid phenotype of both testicular tumours supporting the diagnoses of leiomyosarcoma. CONCLUSIONS To the authors knowledge these are the first cases of primary testicular sarcoma reported in the canine species. However, even rare, these tumours deserve to be considered in routine diagnosis when a testicular spindle cell tumour is observed. The immunohistochemical panel applied was useful to distinguish the present tumours from undifferentiated Sertoli cell tumours confirming the diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Ciaputa
- Department of Pathology, Division of Pathomorphology and Veterinary Forensics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, Wroclaw, 50-375, Poland.
| | - Eleonora Brambilla
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, via dell'Università 6, Lodi, 26900, Italy
| | - Francesco Godizzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, via dell'Università 6, Lodi, 26900, Italy
| | - Stanisław Dzimira
- Department of Pathology, Division of Pathomorphology and Veterinary Forensics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, Wroclaw, 50-375, Poland
| | - Kacper Żebrowski
- Department of Pathology, Division of Pathomorphology and Veterinary Forensics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, Wroclaw, 50-375, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kandefer-Gola
- Department of Pathology, Division of Pathomorphology and Veterinary Forensics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, Wroclaw, 50-375, Poland
| | - Marcin Nowak
- Department of Pathology, Division of Pathomorphology and Veterinary Forensics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, Wroclaw, 50-375, Poland
| | - Valeria Grieco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, via dell'Università 6, Lodi, 26900, Italy
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18
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Aubreville M, Wilm F, Stathonikos N, Breininger K, Donovan TA, Jabari S, Veta M, Ganz J, Ammeling J, van Diest PJ, Klopfleisch R, Bertram CA. A comprehensive multi-domain dataset for mitotic figure detection. Sci Data 2023; 10:484. [PMID: 37491536 PMCID: PMC10368709 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02327-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognostic value of mitotic figures in tumor tissue is well-established for many tumor types and automating this task is of high research interest. However, especially deep learning-based methods face performance deterioration in the presence of domain shifts, which may arise from different tumor types, slide preparation and digitization devices. We introduce the MIDOG++ dataset, an extension of the MIDOG 2021 and 2022 challenge datasets. We provide region of interest images from 503 histological specimens of seven different tumor types with variable morphology with in total labels for 11,937 mitotic figures: breast carcinoma, lung carcinoma, lymphosarcoma, neuroendocrine tumor, cutaneous mast cell tumor, cutaneous melanoma, and (sub)cutaneous soft tissue sarcoma. The specimens were processed in several laboratories utilizing diverse scanners. We evaluated the extent of the domain shift by using state-of-the-art approaches, observing notable differences in single-domain training. In a leave-one-domain-out setting, generalizability improved considerably. This mitotic figure dataset is the first that incorporates a wide domain shift based on different tumor types, laboratories, whole slide image scanners, and species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frauke Wilm
- Pattern Recognition Lab, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nikolas Stathonikos
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Katharina Breininger
- Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Samir Jabari
- Department of Neuropathology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mitko Veta
- Medical Image Analysis Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Ganz
- Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt, Ingolstadt, Germany
| | | | - Paul J van Diest
- Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Robert Klopfleisch
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christof A Bertram
- Institute of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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19
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Conrad D, Kehl A, Müller T, Klopfleisch R, Aupperle-Lellbach H. Immunohistochemical and Molecular Genetic Analysis of Canine Digital Mast Cell Tumours. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13101694. [PMID: 37238124 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Grading, immunohistochemistry and c-kit mutation status are criteria for assessing the prognosis and therapeutic options of canine cutaneous mast cell tumours (MCTs). As a subset, canine digital MCTs have rarely been explored in this context. Therefore, in this retrospective study, 68 paraffin-embedded canine digital MCTs were analysed, and histological grading was assessed according to Patnaik and Kiupel. The immunohistochemical markers KIT and Ki67 were used, as well as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for mutational screening in c-kit exons 8, 9, 11 and 14. Patnaik grading resulted in 22.1% grade I, 67.6% grade II and 10.3% grade III tumours. Some 86.8% of the digital MCTs were Kiupel low-grade. Aberrant KIT staining patterns II and III were found in 58.8%, and a count of more than 23 Ki67-positive cells in 52.3% of the cases. Both parameters were significantly associated with an internal tandem duplication (ITD) in c-kit exon 11 (12.7%). French Bulldogs, which tend to form well-differentiated cutaneous MCTs, had a higher proportion of digital high-grade MCTs and ITD in c-kit exon 11 compared with mongrels. Due to its retrospective nature, this study did not allow for an analysis of survival data. Nevertheless, it may contribute to the targeted characterisation of digital MCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Conrad
- Department of Pathology, Laboklin GmbH & Co. KG, 97688 Bad Kissingen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Kehl
- Department of Comparative Experimental Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 München, Germany
- Department of Molecular Biology, Laboklin GmbH & Co. KG, 97688 Bad Kissingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Müller
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Robert Klopfleisch
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Aupperle-Lellbach
- Department of Pathology, Laboklin GmbH & Co. KG, 97688 Bad Kissingen, Germany
- Department of Comparative Experimental Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 München, Germany
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20
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Klosowski M, Haines L, Alfino L, McMellen A, Leibowitz M, Regan D. Naturally occurring canine sarcomas: Bridging the gap from mouse models to human patients through cross-disciplinary research partnerships. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1130215. [PMID: 37035209 PMCID: PMC10076632 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1130215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Fueled by support from the National Cancer Institute's "Cancer Moonshot" program, the past few years have witnessed a renewed interest in the canine spontaneous cancer model as an invaluable resource in translational oncology research. Increasingly, there is awareness that pet dogs with cancer provide an accessible bridge to improving the efficiency of cancer drug discovery and clinical therapeutic development. Canine tumors share many biological, genetic, and histologic features with their human tumor counterparts, and most importantly, retain the complexities of naturally occurring drug resistance, metastasis, and tumor-host immune interactions, all of which are difficult to recapitulate in induced or genetically engineered murine tumor models. The utility of canine models has been particularly apparent in sarcoma research, where the increased incidence of sarcomas in dogs as compared to people has facilitated comparative research resulting in treatment advances benefitting both species. Although there is an increasing awareness of the advantages in using spontaneous canine sarcoma models for research, these models remain underutilized, in part due to a lack of more permanent institutional and cross-institutional infrastructure to support partnerships between veterinary and human clinician-scientists. In this review, we provide an updated overview of historical and current applications of spontaneously occurring canine tumor models in sarcoma research, with particular attention to knowledge gaps, limitations, and growth opportunities within these applications. Furthermore, we propose considerations for working within existing veterinary translational and comparative oncology research infrastructures to maximize the benefit of partnerships between veterinary and human biomedical researchers within and across institutions to improve the utility and application of spontaneous canine sarcomas in translational oncology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Klosowski
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Laurel Haines
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Lauren Alfino
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Alexandra McMellen
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Michael Leibowitz
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Daniel Regan
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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21
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Toma C, Popa R, Haralambie MG, Haralambie OR, Marica R. Hemorrhage and Sudden Death in a Cat with Pancreatic Hemangiosarcoma. Vet Sci 2022; 10:vetsci10010008. [PMID: 36669009 PMCID: PMC9863512 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A 15-year-old female, indoor, spayed, domestic shorthair cat was presented for post-mortem evaluation with a history of sudden death. A red-brown 3 cm x 4 cm neoplastic mass was identified within the body of the pancreas, along with multiple similar nodular structures within the omentum and liver. Associated lesions included hemoperitoneum, yellow discoloration of the peritoneal wall, and severe anemia. Spindle-shaped neoplastic cells exhibiting malignancy features, which occasionally contained within the cytoplasm haematoidin crystals and/or red blood cells, were observed during cytological examination. Histologically, the neoplastic cells were organized in short streams forming vascular spaces filled with erythrocytes. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were immunolabeled for vimentin and CD31, supporting the diagnosis of hemangiosarcoma. This report offers a complete post-mortem and histological evaluation of a rare tumor in cats with an unusual location and a comparative assessment of 3 anti-CD31 antibodies.
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22
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Gola C, Licenziato L, Accornero P, Iussich S, Morello E, Buracco P, Modesto P, Aresu L, De Maria R. The mitotic regulator polo-like kinase 1 as a potential therapeutic target for c-Myc-overexpressing canine osteosarcomas. Vet Comp Oncol 2022; 20:890-900. [PMID: 36054794 PMCID: PMC9804590 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumour in dogs, characterized by a locally aggressive and highly metastatic behaviour. Despite the current standards of care, most dogs succumb to the disease, indicating the need for novel treatment strategies. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is dysregulated in a variety of human cancer types, including osteosarcoma, and induces c-Myc accumulation. The crosstalk between the two molecules coordinates cell proliferation, differentiation, self-renewal and apoptosis. Therefore, PLK1 has recently emerged as a potential therapeutic target, mainly in tumours overexpressing c-Myc. BI 2536 is a selective PLK1 inhibitor promoting mitotic arrest and apoptosis in a variety of cancer cells. This research aimed at evaluating PLK1 and c-Myc protein expression in 53 appendicular canine osteosarcoma (cOSA) samples and the in vitro effects of BI 2536 on a c-Myc and PLK1-overexpressing cOSA cell line (D17). PLK1 and c-Myc expression in cOSA samples showed no correlation with clinicopathological data. However, c-Myc overexpression was associated with a significantly reduced overall survival (p = .003). Western Blot and RT-qPCR assays revealed that D17 expressed high protein and transcript levels of both PLK1 and MYC. When treated with BI 2536 (range 2.5-15 nM) for 24 h, D17 showed a substantial decrease in cell growth, inducing apoptosis and G2 /M cell cycle arrest. Interestingly, under BI 2536 treatment, D17 showed decreased c-Myc protein levels. Consistent with human OSA, these preliminary data outline the prognostic value of c-Myc expression in cOSA and highlight the potential role of PLK1 as an antiproliferative therapeutic target for tumours overexpressing c-Myc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Gola
- Department of Veterinary SciencesUniversity of TurinGrugliascoTOItaly
| | - Luca Licenziato
- Department of Veterinary SciencesUniversity of TurinGrugliascoTOItaly
| | - Paolo Accornero
- Department of Veterinary SciencesUniversity of TurinGrugliascoTOItaly
| | - Selina Iussich
- Department of Veterinary SciencesUniversity of TurinGrugliascoTOItaly
| | - Emanuela Morello
- Department of Veterinary SciencesUniversity of TurinGrugliascoTOItaly
| | - Paolo Buracco
- Department of Veterinary SciencesUniversity of TurinGrugliascoTOItaly
| | - Paola Modesto
- SC Diagnostica SpecialisticaIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle d'AostaTurinTOItaly
| | - Luca Aresu
- Department of Veterinary SciencesUniversity of TurinGrugliascoTOItaly
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23
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Dobromylskyj M. Feline Soft Tissue Sarcomas: A Review of the Classification and Histological Grading, with Comparison to Human and Canine. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12202736. [PMID: 36290122 PMCID: PMC9597747 DOI: 10.3390/ani12202736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Soft tissue sarcomas are a common form of cancer arising in the skin and connective tissues of domestic cats. Soft tissue sarcomas encompass a group of different histological subtypes of tumours, which can behave in a range of different ways in the patient. In dogs and in humans, this group of tumours can be given a histological score (“grade”) at the time of diagnosis, which is prognostic, but there is no equivalent, well-established grading system for these tumours in cats. This review looks at soft tissue sarcomas in terms of which histological subtypes of tumour should be included in this group, and how pathologists approach their grading, comparing feline tumours with their human and canine counterparts. Abstract Soft tissue sarcomas are one of the most commonly diagnosed tumours arising in the skin and subcutis of our domestic cats, and are malignant neoplasms with a range of histological presentations and potential biological behaviours. However, unlike their canine and human counterparts, there is no well-established histological grading system for pathologists to apply to these tumours, in order to provide a more accurate and refined prognosis. The situation is further complicated by the presence of feline injection site sarcomas as an entity, as well as confusion over terminology for this group of tumours and which histological types should be included. There is also an absence of large scale studies. This review looks at these tumours in domestic cats, their classification and histological grading, with comparisons to the human and canine grading system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Dobromylskyj
- Histopathology Department, Finn Pathologists, One Eyed Lane, Weybread, Diss IP21 5TT, Norfolk, UK
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24
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Pathological Findings in Gastrointestinal Neoplasms and Polyps in 860 Cats and a Pilot Study on miRNA Analyses. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9090477. [PMID: 36136693 PMCID: PMC9500658 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9090477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gastrointestinal masses in cats are of clinical relevance, but pathological studies with larger case numbers are lacking. Biomarkers such as miRNA have not yet been investigated in feline intestinal neoplasms. Methods: A retrospective analysis of pathology reports included 860 feline gastrointestinal masses. Immunohistochemistry was performed on 91 lymphomas, 10 sarcomas and 7 mast cell tumours (MCT). Analyses of miRNA-20b and miRNA-192 were performed on 11 lymphomas, 5 carcinomas and 5 control tissues by ddPCR. Results: The pathological diagnosis identified 679 lymphomas, 122 carcinomas, 28 sarcomas, 23 polyps, 7 MCT and 1 leiomyoma. Carcinomas and polyps were most commonly found in the large intestine, lymphomas were most commonly found in the stomach and small intestine and MCT only occurred in the small intestine. Besides the well-described small-cell, mitotic count <2 T-cell lymphomas and the large-cell B-cell lymphomas with a high mitotic count, several variants of lymphomas were identified. The values of miRNA-20b were found to be up-regulated in samples of all types of cancer, whereas miRNA-192 was only up-regulated in carcinomas and B-cell lymphomas. Conclusions: The histopathological and immunohistochemical (sub-)classification of feline intestinal masses confirmed the occurrence of different tumour types, with lymphoma being the most frequent neoplasm. Novel biomarkers such as miRNA-20b and miRNA-192 might have diagnostic potential in feline intestinal neoplasms and should be further investigated.
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Dékay V, Karai E, Füredi A, Szebényi K, Szakács G, Vajdovich P. P-Glycoprotein Activity at Diagnosis Does Not Predict Therapy Outcome and Survival in Canine B-Cell Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163919. [PMID: 36010910 PMCID: PMC9405845 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Clinical experience in human and canine clinics shows that following initial response to treatment, drug-resistant cancer cells frequently evolve and eventually, most tumors become resistant to all available therapies. The most straightforward cause of therapy resistance is linked to cellular alterations that prevent drugs from acting on their target. Drug efflux mediated by the ABC transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) contributes to unfavorable treatment outcome in several human malignancies. Here, we characterize a large cohort of canine B-cell lymphoma patients followed for over 7 years. We show that the intrinsic P-gp activity of tumor cells characterized at the time of diagnosis is not predictive for therapy outcome. Our results highlight the complexity of clinical drug resistance mechanisms and suggests that the relevance of P-gp in acquired resistance should be further investigated by the continuous monitoring of tumor cells during treatment. Abstract Various mechanisms are known to be involved in the development of multidrug resistance during cancer treatment. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) decreases the intracellular concentrations of cytotoxic drugs by an energy-dependent efflux mechanism. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive value of P-gp function based on the evaluation of P-gp activity in tumor cells obtained from canine B-cell lymphoma patients at diagnosis. P-gp function of 79 immunophenotyped canine lymphoma samples was determined by flow cytometry using the Calcein assay. Dogs were treated with either the CHOP or the L-CHOP protocol, a subset of relapsed patients received L-asparaginase and lomustine rescue treatments. Among the 79 dogs, the median overall survival time was 417 days, and the median relapse-free period was 301 days. 47 percent of the samples showed high P-gp activity, which was significantly higher in Stage IV cancer patients compared to Stage II + III and V. Whereas staging was associated with major differences in survival times, we found that the intrinsic P-gp activity of tumor cells measured at diagnosis is not predictive for therapy outcome. Further studies are needed to identify the intrinsic and acquired resistant mechanisms that shape therapy response and survival in B-cell canine lymphoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria Dékay
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Oncology, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, István Utca 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence: (V.D.); (P.V.)
| | - Edina Karai
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Oncology, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, István Utca 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Füredi
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Center of Natural Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary or
- Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8A, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kornélia Szebényi
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Center of Natural Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary or
- Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8A, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gergely Szakács
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Center of Natural Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary or
- Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8A, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Péter Vajdovich
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Oncology, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, István Utca 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence: (V.D.); (P.V.)
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Zajc AL, Harper A, Benoit J, Mason S. Non-injection-site soft tissue sarcoma in cats: outcome following adjuvant radiotherapy. J Feline Med Surg 2022; 24:e183-e193. [PMID: 35639367 PMCID: PMC10812266 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x221098961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Biological behaviour and treatment options of non-injection-site soft tissue sarcomas (nFISS) in cats are less well understood than in dogs. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the outcomes of cats with nFISS following treatment with adjuvant radiotherapy. METHODS The medical records of cats with soft tissue sarcomas in locations not associated with, and histology reports not suggestive of, injection-site sarcomas were reviewed. All cats underwent adjuvant radiotherapy, either hypofractionated (32-36 Gy delivered in weekly 8-9 Gy fractions) or conventionally fractionated (48-54 Gy delivered in 16-18 3 Gy fractions) to microscopic disease. RESULTS In total, 18 cats were included in the study, 17 with extremity nFISS and one with facial nFISS. Nine received radiotherapy after a single surgery and nine after multiple surgeries for recurrent nFISS. Eight cats were treated with a hypofractionated protocol and 10 with a conventionally fractionated protocol. The median follow-up time was 540 days (range 51-3317 days). The tumour recurred in eight (44.4%) cats following adjuvant radiotherapy; it recurred in three (37.5%) cats following a hypofractionated protocol and in five (50%) cats following a conventionally fractionated protocol. The overall median progression-free interval (PFI) for 17/18 cats was 2748 days, while the median PFI for the 7/8 cats with recurrence was 164 days. The recurrence for one cat was reported, but the date was unknown and it was therefore censored from these data. When stratifying based on the protocol, the median PFI for hypofractionated and conventionally fractionated protocols was 164 days and 2748 days, respectively. Statistically, there was no significant difference between the two protocols (P = 0.636). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Adjuvant radiotherapy resulted in good long-term tumour control in 12/18 cats with nFISS. Further studies in larger populations are required to assess the significance of radiation dose and fractionation on tumour control and the effect of multiple surgeries prior to initiation of radiotherapy on outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sarah Mason
- Southfields Veterinary Specialists, Laindon, UK
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Deep learning for necrosis detection using canine perivascular wall tumour whole slide images. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10634. [PMID: 35739267 PMCID: PMC9226022 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13928-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrosis seen in histopathology Whole Slide Images is a major criterion that contributes towards scoring tumour grade which then determines treatment options. However conventional manual assessment suffers from inter-operator reproducibility impacting grading precision. To address this, automatic necrosis detection using AI may be used to assess necrosis for final scoring that contributes towards the final clinical grade. Using deep learning AI, we describe a novel approach for automating necrosis detection in Whole Slide Images, tested on a canine Soft Tissue Sarcoma (cSTS) data set consisting of canine Perivascular Wall Tumours (cPWTs). A patch-based deep learning approach was developed where different variations of training a DenseNet-161 Convolutional Neural Network architecture were investigated as well as a stacking ensemble. An optimised DenseNet-161 with post-processing produced a hold-out test F1-score of 0.708 demonstrating state-of-the-art performance. This represents a novel first-time automated necrosis detection method in the cSTS domain as well specifically in detecting necrosis in cPWTs demonstrating a significant step forward in reproducible and reliable necrosis assessment for improving the precision of tumour grading.
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28
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Arias A, Quevedo DM, Roque AI, Ochoa JE. Reporte de caso: Tumor de células en forma de huso en un canino (fibrosarcoma). REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE MEDICINA VETERINARIA Y DE ZOOTECNIA 2022. [DOI: 10.15446/rfmvz.v69n2.103267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Este trabajo presenta y documenta el caso clínico de un canino y los hallazgos histopatológicos de un tumor de células en forma de huso, subcutáneo, en región cervical con metástasis a región faringo–laringo–traqueal. El paciente fue un canino macho, raza caniche, de 5 años, llevado a la clínica veterinaria de la Universidad de los Llanos. Al examen físico se evidenció en porción dorsal del cuello una masa subcutánea, indolora, firme, de 18 x 11cm, mucosas pálidas, ganglios retrofaríngeos aumentados de tamaño y epifora bilateral. Se realiza eutanasia y necropsia, se toman muestras de tejidos fijados en formalina buffer al 10% que se envía al laboratorio de histopatología animal. Las muestras se procesaron mediante métodos rutinarios para microscopía óptica. Cortes histológicos de 3-4 μm de grosor fueron coloreados con hematoxilina–eosina (H&E) y coloración tricrómica de Masson. En la necropsia se encontró una masa cervical dorsal aparentemente encapsulada, de 18 x 11 cm, firme, anclada al ligamento nucal, zonas de consistencia blanda, puntos rojos y superficie rugosa. Adicionalmente, se encontró nódulo tumoral, firme, fibroso de 6x4 cm en región faringo–laringo–traqueal izquierda. En el examen microscópico se observaron zonas de bastante celularidad arregladas en forma de fascículos, núcleos pleomórficos hipercromáticos con forma de huso, con 1 a 2 nucleolos y otras zonas con menor celularidad en un estroma fibromixoide. Con la coloración de tricrómico de Masson, el 50% de las células adquiere una coloración azul, positiva para fibras colágenas. Se diagnosticó un tumor de células en forma de huso maligno, clasificado como fibrosarcoma.
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Grading Systems for Canine Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder: A Comparative Overview. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12111455. [PMID: 35681919 PMCID: PMC9179434 DOI: 10.3390/ani12111455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tumor histological grading systems are a tool widely used by human pathologists in oncology to support the assessment of tumor behavior and patient prognosis by clinical oncologists. In veterinary medicine, several tumor types already have a histological grading system used for these purposes, but some of these schemes lack reproducibility or correlation with clinical parameters, such as the correlation of the grade with survival time. This is the case for the grading systems proposed for canine bladder urothelial carcinoma. Over the years, some grading systems have been described for this type of tumor in dogs but without any routine use by pathologists and, consequently, without any application in clinical practice either. Based on this fact, the present study aimed to review the histological grading systems that exist in both human and veterinary medicine for bladder urothelial carcinoma, carrying out a critical analysis of their differences and thereby encouraging their real practical use and application in a relevant number of cases, prospectively. In this way, a histological grading system could be chosen or built from the existing ones and the knowledge about the behavior of this neoplasm in canine species could be improved, helping clinicians to establish a prognosis and personalized treatment for each patient with bladder urothelial carcinoma and also consider the predictive markers associated with treatment outcomes. Abstract The relationship between tumor morphology and clinical behavior is a key point in oncology. In this scenario, pathologists and clinicians play a pivotal role in the identification and testing of reliable grading systems based on standardized parameters to predict patient prognosis. Dogs with bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC) were recently proposed as a “large animal” model for the study of human BUCs due to the similar morphology and metastasis locations. BUC grading systems are consolidated in human medicine, while in veterinary medicine, the BUC grading systems that have been proposed for canine tumors are not yet applied in routine diagnostics. These latter systems have been proposed, decade by decade, over the last thirty years, and the reason for their scarce application is mainly related to a lack of specific cutoff values and studies assessing their prognostic relevance. However, for any prognostic study, reliable grading is necessary. The aim of the present article was to give an overview of the BUC grading systems available in both human and veterinary pathology and provide an extensive description and a critical evaluation to support veterinary researchers in the choice of possible grading systems to apply in future studies on canine BUCs.
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de Souza Teixeira Campos ME, Barrantes Murillo DF, Roessner H, Ruff J, Terumi Negrão Watanabe T. Pathology in Practice. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2022; 260:1305-1307. [PMID: 35594203 DOI: 10.2460/javma.22.03.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Holly Roessner
- 2Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL
| | - Jennifer Ruff
- 2Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL
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Castiglioni V, Caielli C, Guenzi G, Sacchini F. Cutaneous spindle cell tumors with features of peripheral nerve sheath tumors and concurrent cardiac involvement: neurofibromatosis type 1-like presentation in a Labrador Retriever dog. J Vet Diagn Invest 2022; 34:535-538. [PMID: 35291897 PMCID: PMC9254057 DOI: 10.1177/10406387221081435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An 8-y-old intact male Labrador Retriever dog developed cutaneous masses over the entire body. On histologic evaluation, the masses were composed of bundles of fusiform neoplastic cells arranged around adnexa, with mild atypia and no mitoses, consistent with peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs). Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells were immunoreactive for vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and S100, confirming their perineurial origin. The dog was euthanized because of deteriorating clinical signs. In addition to the cutaneous masses, a cardiac mass was identified at postmortem examination. The histopathologic and immunohistochemical features of the cardiac mass were similar to those of the cutaneous masses. To our knowledge, the combination of multiple cutaneous masses with features of PNSTs and a concurrent cardiac lesion has not been reported previously in a dog. We suggest "neurofibromatosis type 1-like" presentation for this unique combination of cutaneous and cardiac masses. Further studies are required to investigate the etiopathogenesis of this condition and explore its genetic background.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carla Caielli
- Clinica Veterinaria Monte Rosa, Castelletto Sopra Ticino (NO), Italy
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32
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Dependence of the Ki67 Labelling Index of Selected Canine Tumours on Patient Age, Sex and Tumour Size. J Comp Pathol 2022; 193:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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33
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Tam C, Hecht S, Mai W, Nelson N, Chen AV, Griffin JF. Cranial and vertebral osteosarcoma commonly has T2 signal heterogeneity, contrast enhancement, and osteolysis on MRI: A case series of 35 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2022; 63:552-562. [PMID: 35452145 DOI: 10.1111/vru.13093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is commonly used to evaluate the central nervous system (CNS) in dogs; however, published studies describing the MRI appearance of cranial and vertebral osteosarcoma are scarce. In this multicenter, retrospective, case series study, MRI studies of 35 dogs with cranial or vertebral osteosarcoma were prospectively scored by consensus of two veterinary radiologists. Recorded characteristics were location, signal intensity (compared to gray matter), homogeneity, contrast enhancement, margin delineation, local invasion, osteolysis, osteosclerosis, zone of transition, periosteal proliferation, pathological fracture, meningeal/CNS involvement, and presence of metastatic disease. Locations included the parietal bone (n = 1), occipital bone (n = 2), or cervical (n = 5), thoracic (n = 17), lumbar (n = 7), or sacral vertebrae (n = 3). Common features included signal heterogeneity in T2-weighted (T2W) images (n = 35), contrast enhancement (in all 34 dogs with postcontrast MRI), osteolysis (n = 34), compression of the CNS or cauda equina (n = 33), an associated soft tissue mass (n = 33), a long zone of transition (n = 30), osteosclerosis (n = 28), signal isointensity to normal-appearing gray matter in T1-weighted images (T1W, n = 26), and T2W hyperintensity of adjacent brain or spinal cord (n = 23). Other findings included periosteal proliferation (n = 18), meningeal contrast enhancement (n = 17), T1W and T2W hypointense foci in the soft tissue mass (n = 14), invasion into adjacent bones (n = 10), pathological vertebral fractures (n = 7), regional lymphadenopathy (n = 6), skip metastases (n = 2), lung nodule (n = 1), diaphragmatic nodule (n = 1), and brain invasion (n = 1). Contrast enhancement was typically strong and heterogeneous. Magnetic resonance imaging features of cranial and vertebral osteosarcoma were analogous to those previously reported for other imaging modalities. Osteosarcoma should be a differential diagnosis for compressive, contrast-enhancing, osteolytic lesions of the cranium or vertebrae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candace Tam
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Silke Hecht
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Wilfried Mai
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, Section of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nathan Nelson
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Annie V Chen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - John F Griffin
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
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Valdivia G, Alonso-Diez Á, Alonso-Miguel D, Suárez M, García P, Ortiz-Díez G, Pérez-Alenza MD, Peña L. Epitheliosis is a histopathological finding associated with malignancy and poor prognosis in dogs with mammary tumors. Vet Pathol 2022; 59:747-758. [PMID: 35451346 DOI: 10.1177/03009858221092013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Canine mammary epitheliosis (ME) is a poorly studied dysplasia that may have premalignant potential. In this study, the clinicopathological relevance of ME was prospectively studied in 90 female dogs with mammary tumors (MTs) that underwent radical mastectomy. ME distribution, extent, and coexistence with benign and malignant MTs were evaluated for each case (505 mammary glands). ME was macroscopically undetectable and was present in 47/90 (52%) cases, frequently bilateral. In dogs with malignant MTs and ME, diffuse ME throughout the mammary chain was present in 10/39 (26%) cases. A histological ME-carcinoma transition was evident in certain histotypes. By immunohistochemistry (AE1/AE3, cytokeratin 14 [CK-14], CK-8/18, vimentin, calponin, p63, Ki-67, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2), ME was a slow-growing, triple-negative process with a strong predominance of basal-like nonmyoepithelial cells. ME was associated with older dogs (P = .016), malignant tumors (P = .044), worse clinical stages (P = .013), lymph node metastasis (LNM, P = .021), higher histological grade tumors (P = .035), and shorter overall survival (OS) in univariate analysis (P = .012). Interestingly, ME was distantly located to the malignant tumor in most cases (P = .007). In multivariate analyses, LNM (P = .005), histological grade (P = .006), and tumor size (P = .006) were independent predictors of OS. For the pathologist, the observation of ME should be clearly stated in the MT biopsy report to alert the surgeon/oncologist. Given the differences between canine ME and its human histopathological counterpart (atypical ductal hyperplasia), "epitheliosis" should remain the preferred term for the dog.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Laura Peña
- Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Pinello K, Baldassarre V, Steiger K, Paciello O, Pires I, Laufer-Amorim R, Oevermann A, Niza-Ribeiro J, Aresu L, Rous B, Znaor A, Cree IA, Guscetti F, Palmieri C, Dagli MLZ. Vet-ICD-O-Canine-1, a System for Coding Canine Neoplasms Based on the Human ICD-O-3.2. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1529. [PMID: 35326681 PMCID: PMC8946502 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer registries are fundamental tools for collecting epidemiological cancer data and developing cancer prevention and control strategies. While cancer registration is common in the human medical field, many attempts to develop animal cancer registries have been launched over time, but most have been discontinued. A pivotal aspect of cancer registration is the availability of cancer coding systems, as provided by the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O). Within the Global Initiative for Veterinary Cancer Surveillance (GIVCS), established to foster and coordinate animal cancer registration worldwide, a group of veterinary pathologists and epidemiologists developed a comparative coding system for canine neoplasms. Vet-ICD-O-canine-1 is compatible with the human ICD-O-3.2 and is consistent with the currently recognized classification schemes for canine tumors. It comprises 335 topography codes and 534 morphology codes. The same code as in ICD-O-3.2 was used for the majority of canine tumors showing a high level of similarity to their human counterparts (n = 408). De novo codes (n = 152) were created for specific canine tumor entities (n = 126) and topographic sites (n = 26). The Vet-ICD-O-canine-1 coding system represents a user-friendly, easily accessible, and comprehensive resource for developing a canine cancer registration system that will enable studies within the One Health space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Pinello
- Departamento de Estudo de Populações, Vet-OncoNet, ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório Para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Valeria Baldassarre
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy; (V.B.); (O.P.)
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany;
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy; (V.B.); (O.P.)
| | - Isabel Pires
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary, Science-AL4AnimalS Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Renée Laufer-Amorim
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, SP, Brazil;
| | - Anna Oevermann
- Division of Neurological Sciences, DCR-VPH, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - João Niza-Ribeiro
- Departamento de Estudo de Populações, Vet-OncoNet, ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório Para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luca Aresu
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy;
| | - Brian Rous
- National Disease Registration Service, NHS Digital, London SE1 8UG, UK;
| | - Ariana Znaor
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, IARC, 69372 Lyon, France; (A.Z.); (I.A.C.)
| | - Ian A. Cree
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, IARC, 69372 Lyon, France; (A.Z.); (I.A.C.)
| | - Franco Guscetti
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, Gatton Campus, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - Maria Lucia Zaidan Dagli
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil;
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36
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Santifort K, Van Soens I, Beukers M, Grinwis G, Lugt J, Mandigers P. Papillary meningioma with multifocal leptomeningeal spread in a dog. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/vrc2.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koen Santifort
- Evidensia Small Animal Hospital Arnhem Arnhem The Netherlands
- Evidensia Small Animal Hospital Hart van Brabant Waalwijk The Netherlands
| | - Iris Van Soens
- Evidensia Small Animal Hospital Hart van Brabant Waalwijk The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Beukers
- Evidensia Small Animal Hospital Hart van Brabant Waalwijk The Netherlands
- Focus Veterinary Imaging Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Guy Grinwis
- Veterinary Pathology Diagnostic Centre Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Jaco Lugt
- IDEXX Europe Hoofddorp The Netherlands
| | - Paul Mandigers
- Evidensia Small Animal Hospital Arnhem Arnhem The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands
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Bertram CA, Aubreville M, Donovan TA, Bartel A, Wilm F, Marzahl C, Assenmacher CA, Becker K, Bennett M, Corner S, Cossic B, Denk D, Dettwiler M, Gonzalez BG, Gurtner C, Haverkamp AK, Heier A, Lehmbecker A, Merz S, Noland EL, Plog S, Schmidt A, Sebastian F, Sledge DG, Smedley RC, Tecilla M, Thaiwong T, Fuchs-Baumgartinger A, Meuten DJ, Breininger K, Kiupel M, Maier A, Klopfleisch R. Computer-assisted mitotic count using a deep learning–based algorithm improves interobserver reproducibility and accuracy. Vet Pathol 2021; 59:211-226. [PMID: 34965805 PMCID: PMC8928234 DOI: 10.1177/03009858211067478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The mitotic count (MC) is an important histological parameter for prognostication of malignant neoplasms. However, it has inter- and intraobserver discrepancies due to difficulties in selecting the region of interest (MC-ROI) and in identifying or classifying mitotic figures (MFs). Recent progress in the field of artificial intelligence has allowed the development of high-performance algorithms that may improve standardization of the MC. As algorithmic predictions are not flawless, computer-assisted review by pathologists may ensure reliability. In the present study, we compared partial (MC-ROI preselection) and full (additional visualization of MF candidates and display of algorithmic confidence values) computer-assisted MC analysis to the routine (unaided) MC analysis by 23 pathologists for whole-slide images of 50 canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (ccMCTs). Algorithmic predictions aimed to assist pathologists in detecting mitotic hotspot locations, reducing omission of MFs, and improving classification against imposters. The interobserver consistency for the MC significantly increased with computer assistance (interobserver correlation coefficient, ICC = 0.92) compared to the unaided approach (ICC = 0.70). Classification into prognostic stratifications had a higher accuracy with computer assistance. The algorithmically preselected hotspot MC-ROIs had a consistently higher MCs than the manually selected MC-ROIs. Compared to a ground truth (developed with immunohistochemistry for phosphohistone H3), pathologist performance in detecting individual MF was augmented when using computer assistance (F1-score of 0.68 increased to 0.79) with a reduction in false negatives by 38%. The results of this study demonstrate that computer assistance may lead to more reproducible and accurate MCs in ccMCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christof A. Bertram
- University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Frauke Wilm
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Marzahl
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sophie Merz
- IDEXX Vet Med Labor GmbH, Kornwestheim, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marco Tecilla
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development (pRED), Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andreas Maier
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Martini V, Marano G, Aresu L, Bonfanti U, Boracchi P, Caniatti M, Cian F, Gambini M, Marconato L, Masserdotti C, Nicoletti A, Riondato F, Roccabianca P, Stefanello D, Teske E, Comazzi S. Performance of lymph node cytopathology in diagnosis and characterization of lymphoma in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2021; 36:204-214. [PMID: 34837263 PMCID: PMC8783335 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytopathology is a minimally invasive and convenient diagnostic procedure, often used as a substitute for histopathology to diagnose and characterize lymphoma in dogs. OBJECTIVES Assess the diagnostic performance of cytopathology in diagnosing lymphoma and its histopathological subtypes in dogs. ANIMALS One-hundred and sixty-one lymph node samples from 139 dogs with enlarged peripheral lymph nodes. METHODS Based only on cytopathology, 6 examiners independently provided the following interpretations on each sample: (a) lymphoma vs nonlymphoma; (b) grade and phenotype; and (c) World Health Organization (WHO) histopathological subtype. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) findings were used as reference standards to evaluate diagnostic performance of cytopathology. Clinical, clinicopathologic, and imaging data also were considered in the definitive diagnosis. RESULTS Classification accuracy for lymphoma consistently was >80% for all examiners, whereas it was >60% for low grade T-cell lymphomas, >30% for high grade B-cell lymphomas, >20% for high grade T-cell lymphomas, and <40% for low grade B-cell lymphomas. Interobserver agreement evaluated by kappa scores was 0.55 and 0.32 for identification of lymphoma cases, and of grade plus immunophenotype, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Cytopathology may result in accurate diagnosis of lymphoma, but accuracy decreases when further characterization is needed. Cytopathology represents a fundamental aid in identifying lymphoma and can be used as a screening test to predict grade and phenotype. However, these results must be confirmed using other ancillary techniques, including flow cytometry, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry (IHC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Martini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marano
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Laboratory of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology "G.A. Maccacaro", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Aresu
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Ugo Bonfanti
- MYLAV La Vallonea Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Rho MI, Italy
| | - Patrizia Boracchi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Laboratory of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology "G.A. Maccacaro", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Caniatti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - Francesco Cian
- Batt Laboratories, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Matteo Gambini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - Laura Marconato
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Arturo Nicoletti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Fulvio Riondato
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | | | | | - Erik Teske
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stefano Comazzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
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Kwon J, Kim SW, Kim SG, Kim HJ, Lee SB, Kang JW, Jung WJ, Giri SS, Lee K, Park SC. A Case of Submandibular Leiomyosarcoma, Mimicking an Abscess, in a Ball Python ( Python regius). Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8100224. [PMID: 34679054 PMCID: PMC8539710 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8100224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A two-year-old ball python with a submandibular mass was evaluated. Fine needle aspiration resulted in debris containing purulent materials and bacterial cells on cytology. Radiography demonstrated multi-focal radiopaque lesions in the mass, which were suspected to be mineralization; there was an absence of mandibular invasion or lung involvement. Gross examination of the surgically excised mass revealed a multi-nodular, well-circumscribed lesion with purulent material. The postoperative recovery was uneventful. The histopathological examination followed by immunohistochemistry analysis gave a diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma. As tumors containing purulent materials can be confused with an abscess, diagnostic confirmation with various diagnostical tools should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Kwon
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.K.); (S.W.K.); (S.G.K.); (S.B.L.); (J.W.K.); (W.J.J.); (S.S.G.)
| | - Sang Wha Kim
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.K.); (S.W.K.); (S.G.K.); (S.B.L.); (J.W.K.); (W.J.J.); (S.S.G.)
| | - Sang Guen Kim
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.K.); (S.W.K.); (S.G.K.); (S.B.L.); (J.W.K.); (W.J.J.); (S.S.G.)
| | - Hyoun Joong Kim
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
| | - Sung Bin Lee
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.K.); (S.W.K.); (S.G.K.); (S.B.L.); (J.W.K.); (W.J.J.); (S.S.G.)
| | - Jeong Woo Kang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.K.); (S.W.K.); (S.G.K.); (S.B.L.); (J.W.K.); (W.J.J.); (S.S.G.)
| | - Won Joon Jung
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.K.); (S.W.K.); (S.G.K.); (S.B.L.); (J.W.K.); (W.J.J.); (S.S.G.)
| | - Sib Sankar Giri
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.K.); (S.W.K.); (S.G.K.); (S.B.L.); (J.W.K.); (W.J.J.); (S.S.G.)
| | - Kyunglee Lee
- Cetacean Research Institute (CRI), National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS), Ulsan 44780, Korea;
| | - Se Chang Park
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.K.); (S.W.K.); (S.G.K.); (S.B.L.); (J.W.K.); (W.J.J.); (S.S.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-880-1282
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40
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Miller AD, Avallone G, Chambers J, Rasotto R. Special focus on diagnostic veterinary oncologic pathology. Vet Pathol 2021; 58:764-765. [PMID: 34196248 DOI: 10.1177/03009858211027357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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