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Cowley FC, Kinley RD, Mackenzie SL, Fortes MRS, Palmieri C, Simanungkalit G, Almeida AK, Roque BM. Bioactive metabolites of Asparagopsis stabilized in canola oil completely suppresses methane emissions in beef cattle fed a feedlot diet. J Anim Sci 2024:skae109. [PMID: 38646666 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skae109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Asparagopsis taxiformis (Asparagopsis) has been shown to be highly efficacious at inhibiting the production of methane (CH4) in ruminants. To date, Asparagopsis has been primarily produced as a dietary supplement by freeze-drying to retain the volatile bioactive compound bromoform (CHBr3) in the product. Steeping of Asparagopsis bioactive compounds into a vegetable oil carrier (Asp-Oil) is an alternative method of stabilizing Asparagopsis as a ruminant feed additive. A dose-response experimental design used 3 Asp-Oil-canola oil blends, Low, Medium and High Asp-Oil which provided 17, 34 and 51 mg Asparagopsis derived CHBr3/kg DMI, respectively (in addition to a zero CHBr3 canola oil control), in a tempered-barley based feedlot finisher diet, fed for 59 days to 20 Angus heifers (5 replicates per treatment). On 4 occasions, liveweight was measured and CH4 emissions were quantified in respiration chambers, and blood, rumen fluid and fecal samples were collected. At the end of the experiment, all animals were slaughtered, with carcasses graded, and samples of meat and edible offal collected for testing of consumer sensory qualities and residues of CHBr3, bromide and iodide. All Asp-Oil treatments reduced CH4 yield (g CH4/kg DMI, P = 0.008) from control levels, with the Low, Medium and High Asp-Oil achieving 64, 98 and 99 % reduction, respectively. Dissolved hydrogen increased linearly with increasing Asp-Oil inclusion, by more than 17-fold in the High Asp-Oil group (P = 0.017). There was no effect of Asp-Oil treatment on rumen temperature, pH, reduction potential, VFA and ammonia production, rumen pathology and histopathology (P > 0.10). There were no differences in animal production and carcass parameters (P > 0.10). There was no detectable CHBr3 in faeces or any carcass samples (P > 0.10), and iodide and bromide residues in kidneys were at levels unlikely to lead to consumers exceeding recommended maximum intakes. Overall, Asp-Oil was found to be safe for animals and consumers of meat, and effective at reducing CH4 emissions and yield by up to 99 % within the range of inclusion levels tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances C Cowley
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | | | - Sigrid L Mackenzie
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Marina R S Fortes
- Meat & Livestock Australia Limited (MLA), 40 Mount Street, North Sydney, NSW 2060, Australia
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences at The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Gamaliel Simanungkalit
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Amelia K Almeida
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
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Sato K, Wildi K, Chan J, Palmieri C, Obonyo NG, Heinsar S, Liu K, Livingstone S, Sato N, Ainola C, Abbate G, Bouquet M, Wilson E, Passmore M, Hyslop K, Platts DG, Suen J, Bassi GL, Fraser JF. A novel speckle-tracking echocardiography parameter assessing left ventricular afterload. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14106. [PMID: 37822060 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI) and afterload-related cardiac performance (ACP) consider left ventricular (LV) afterload and could be better prognosticators in septic cardiomyopathy. However, their invasive nature prevents their routine clinical applications. This study aimed to investigate (1) whether a proposed speckle-tracking echocardiography parameter, Pressure-Strain Product (PSP), can non-invasively predict catheter-based LVSWI, ACP and serum lactate in an ovine model of septic cardiomyopathy; and (2) whether PSP can distinguish the sub-phenotypes of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with or without sepsis-like conditions. METHODS Sixteen sheep with ARDS were randomly assigned to either (1) sepsis-like (n = 8) or (2) non-sepsis-like (n = 8) group. Each ARDS and sepsis-like condition was induced by intravenous infusion of oleic acid and lipopolysaccharide, respectively. Pulmonary artery catheter-based LVSWI (the product of stroke work index, mean arterial pressure and .0136), ACP (the percentage of cardiac output measured to cardiac output predicted as normal) and serum lactate were measured simultaneously with transthoracic echocardiography. Two PSP indices were calculated by multiplying the mean arterial blood pressure and either global circumferential strain (PSPcirc) or radial strain (PSPrad). RESULTS PSPcirc showed a significant correlation with LVSWI (r2 = .66, p < .001) and ACP (r2 = .82, p < .001) in the sepsis-like group. Although PSP could not distinguish subphenotypes, PSPcirc predicted LVSWI (AUC .86) and ACP (AUC .88), and PSPrad predicted serum lactate (AUC .75) better than LV ejection fraction, global circumferential and radial strain. CONCLUSIONS A novel PSP has the potential to non-invasively predict catheter-based LVSWI and ACP, and was associated with serum lactate in septic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Sato
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Karin Wildi
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Chan
- Cardiology Department, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Griffith University, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- The University of Queensland, School of Veterinary Science, Gatton, Australia
| | - Nchafatso G Obonyo
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- DeAL/KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Global Health Research, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Silver Heinsar
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Keibun Liu
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Samantha Livingstone
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Noriko Sato
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Carmen Ainola
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gabriella Abbate
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mahé Bouquet
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Emily Wilson
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Margaret Passmore
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kieran Hyslop
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David G Platts
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Cardiology Department, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jacky Suen
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gianluigi Li Bassi
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - John F Fraser
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Wildi K, Colombo SM, McGuire D, Ainola C, Heinsar S, Sato N, Sato K, Liu K, Bouquet M, Wilson E, Passmore M, Hyslop K, Livingstone S, Di Feliciantonio M, Strugnell W, Palmieri C, Suen J, Li Bassi G, Fraser J. An appraisal of lung computer tomography in very early anti-inflammatory treatment of two different ovine ARDS phenotypes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2162. [PMID: 38272980 PMCID: PMC10810785 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52698-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Mortality and morbidity of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) are largely unaltered. A possible new approach to treatment of ARDS is offered by the discovery of inflammatory subphenotypes. In an ovine model of ARDS phenotypes, matching key features of the human subphenotypes, we provide an imaging characterization using computer tomography (CT). Nine animals were randomized into (a) OA (oleic acid, hypoinflammatory; n = 5) and (b) OA-LPS (oleic acid and lipopolysaccharides, hyperinflammatory; n = 4). 48 h after ARDS induction and anti-inflammatory treatment, CT scans were performed at high (H) and then low (L) airway pressure. After CT, the animals were euthanized and lung tissue was collected. OA-LPS showed a higher air fraction and OA a higher tissue fraction, resulting in more normally aerated lungs in OA-LPS in contrast to more non-aerated lung in OA. The change in lung and air volume between H and L was more accentuated in OA-LPS, indicating a higher recruitment potential. Strain was higher in OA, indicating a higher level of lung damage, while the amount of lung edema and histological lung injury were largely comparable. Anti-inflammatory treatment might be beneficial in terms of overall ventilated lung portion and recruitment potential, especially in the OA-LPS group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Wildi
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia.
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Sebastiano Maria Colombo
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniel McGuire
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, QLD, Australia
| | - Carmen Ainola
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Silver Heinsar
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Intensive Care, North Estonia Medical Centre, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Noriko Sato
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
| | - Kei Sato
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Keibun Liu
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
| | - Mahé Bouquet
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Emily Wilson
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Margaret Passmore
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kieran Hyslop
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Samantha Livingstone
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Marianna Di Feliciantonio
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Wendy Strugnell
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, QLD, Australia
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia
| | - Jacky Suen
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gianluigi Li Bassi
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia.
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
- St Andrews War Memorial Hospital, Intensive Care Unit, Spring Hill, QLD, Australia.
- The Wesley Hospital, Intensive Care Unit, Auchenflower, QLD, Australia.
| | - John Fraser
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- St Andrews War Memorial Hospital, Intensive Care Unit, Spring Hill, QLD, Australia
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Pearson J, Khan A, Bhogal T, Wong H, Law A, Mills S, Santamaria N, Bishop J, Cliff J, Errington D, Hall A, Hart C, Malik Z, Sripadam R, Innes H, Flint H, Langton G, Ahmed E, Jackson R, Palmieri C. A comparison of the efficacy of trastuzumab deruxtecan in advanced HER2-positive breast cancer: active brain metastasis versus progressive extracranial disease alone. ESMO Open 2023; 8:102033. [PMID: 37866031 PMCID: PMC10774880 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.102033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) has demonstrated efficacy in patients with brain metastasis (BM), a group historically with poor outcomes. The prevalence of BMs in patients commencing T-DXd is currently unknown. No direct comparisons have been made of the activity of T-DXd in patients with active BM versus those with extracranial progression alone. This real-world study explored the prevalence of BMs in patients commencing T-DXd, the efficacy of T-DXd in active BM versus extracranial progression alone and the safety of T-DXd. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive advanced breast cancer treated with T-DXd between June 2021 and February 2023 at our specialist cancer hospital were identified and notes reviewed. Clinicopathological information, prior treatment, the presence or absence of central nervous system (CNS) disease, outcomes and treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were recorded. RESULTS Twenty-nine female patients, with a median age of 52 years (interquartile range 44-62 years), were identified; the prevalence of BM was 41%. Median number of lines of prior therapy was 2 (range 2-6). At a median follow-up of 13.8 months, median progression-free survival (PFS) for the overall population was 13.9 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 12.4 months-not estimable (NE)], 16.1 months (95% CI 15.1 months-NE) for active BMs and 12.4 months (95% CI 8.3 months-NE) for progressive extracranial disease alone. The 12-month overall survival (OS) rate was 74% (95% CI 59% to 95%) in the overall population, and 83% (95% CI 58% to 100%) and 66% (95% CI 45% to 96%) for active BMs and extracranial disease only, respectively. Most common TEAEs were fatigue, alopecia, and constipation. In nine patients (31%, including two deaths), pneumonitis occurred. CONCLUSION In this real-world population, we demonstrate T-DXd to be effective in patients with active BMs and those with progressive extracranial disease alone. PFS and OS were numerically longer in those with active BMs. These data demonstrate that patients with active BM treated with T-DXd have at least comparable outcomes to those with extracranial disease alone. The high rate of pneumonitis warrants further consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pearson
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool
| | - A Khan
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool
| | - T Bhogal
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool
| | - H Wong
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool
| | - A Law
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool
| | - S Mills
- The Walton NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - N Santamaria
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool
| | - J Bishop
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool
| | - J Cliff
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool
| | - D Errington
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool
| | - A Hall
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool
| | - C Hart
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool
| | - Z Malik
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool
| | - R Sripadam
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool
| | - H Innes
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool
| | - H Flint
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool
| | - G Langton
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool
| | - E Ahmed
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool
| | - R Jackson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool
| | - C Palmieri
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool.
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5
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Copson ER, Abraham JE, Braybrooke JP, Cameron D, McIntosh SA, Michie CO, Okines AFC, Palmieri C, Raja F, Roylance R, Spensley S. Expert UK consensus on the definition of high risk of recurrence in HER2-negative early breast cancer: A modified Delphi panel. Breast 2023; 72:103582. [PMID: 37769521 PMCID: PMC10539921 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2023.103582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is currently no standardised definition for patients at high risk of recurrence of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative early breast cancer (eBC; stages 1-3) after surgery. This modified Delphi panel aimed to establish expert UK consensus on this definition, separately considering hormone receptor (HR)-positive and triple-negative (TN) patients. METHODS Over three consecutive rounds, results were collected from 29, 24 and 22 UK senior breast cancer oncologists and surgeons, respectively. The first round aimed to determine key risk factors in each patient subgroup; subsequent rounds aimed to establish appropriate risk thresholds. Consensus was pre-defined as ≥70% of respondents. RESULTS Expert consensus was achieved on need to assess age, tumour size, tumour grade, number of positive lymph nodes, inflammatory breast cancer and risk prediction tools in all HER2-negative patients. There was additional agreement on use of tumour profiling tests and biomarkers in HR-positive patients, and pathologic complete response (pCR) status in TN patients. Thresholds for high recurrence risk were subsequently agreed. In HR-positive patients, these included age <35 years, tumour size >5 cm (as independent risk factors); tumour grade 3 (independently and combined with other high-risk factors); number of positive nodes ≥4 (independently) and ≥1 (combined). For TN patients, the following thresholds reached consensus, both independently and in combination with other factors: tumour size >2 cm, tumour grade 3, number of positive nodes ≥1. CONCLUSIONS The results may be a valuable reference point to guide recurrence risk assessment and decision-making after surgery in the HER2-negative eBC population.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Copson
- Cancer Sciences Academic Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
| | - J E Abraham
- Precision Breast Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - J P Braybrooke
- University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - D Cameron
- Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - S A McIntosh
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - C O Michie
- Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A F C Okines
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - C Palmieri
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK; Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - F Raja
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; North Middlesex University Hospital, North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - R Roylance
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - S Spensley
- Musgrove Park Hospital, Somerset NHS Foundation Trust, Taunton, UK
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Pagliarani S, Palmieri C, McGowan M, Carrick F, Boyd J, Johnston SD. Anatomy of the Female Koala Reproductive Tract. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:1445. [PMID: 37998044 PMCID: PMC10669549 DOI: 10.3390/biology12111445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The koala (Phascolarctos cinereus), while being an iconic Australian marsupial, has recently been listed as endangered. To establish an improved understanding of normal reproductive anatomy, this paper brings together unpublished research which has approached the topic from two perspectives: (1) the establishment of an artificial insemination program, and (2) the definition of Chlamydia spp.-derived histopathological changes of the female koala urogenital system. Based on the presentation and histological processing of over 70 opportunistic specimens, recovered from wildlife hospitals in Southeast Queensland (Australia), we describe the gross and microanatomy of the koala ovary, oviduct, uteri, vaginal complex, and urogenital sinus during the interestrous, proliferative, and luteal phases of the reproductive cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pagliarani
- Ontario Veterinary College, The University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton 4343, Australia
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton 4343, Australia
| | - Michael McGowan
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton 4343, Australia
| | - Frank Carrick
- School of Environment, The University of Queensland, Gatton 4343, Australia
- Sustainable Minerals Institute, Koala Study Program, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4072, Australia
| | - Jackson Boyd
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton 4343, Australia
- School of Environment, The University of Queensland, Gatton 4343, Australia
| | - Stephen D. Johnston
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton 4343, Australia
- School of Environment, The University of Queensland, Gatton 4343, Australia
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7
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Campbell Y, Palmieri C, Pagliarani S, Gordon J, Johnston S. The koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) prostate: a comprehensive histological and immunohistochemical investigation. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:644-653. [PMID: 37593918 PMCID: PMC10651063 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The prostate of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus), and of marsupials more generally, is the primary contributor of seminal fluid, yet comparatively little is known about its microanatomy or biochemistry. This study explored evidence of parenchymal segmentation of the koala prostate. The prostate of three sexually mature koalas were processed for histopathology, histochemistry (Masson's trichrome, Alcian Blue, periodic acid Schiff staining), and immunohistochemistry using basal (tumor protein 63, cytokeratin 14) and luminal (cytokeratin 8/18, prostate specific antigen, androgen receptor) markers. Results confirmed clear segmentation of the koala prostate into three zones, anterior, central, and posterior, characterized by differences in the proportion of glandular tissue, as well as the thickness of collagen fibers; there were also distinct differences in the secretions produced in each zone. Based on immunohistochemistry, the koala prostate showed evidence of both basal proliferative and luminal secretory cells. The ratio of cell types varied across the three segments, with the central segment housing the highest density of basal cells. Globular bodies produced in the anterior zone were shown to possess the same markers as those described for human prostasomes. This study is the first to comprehensively document the marsupial prostate in terms of microanatomy and corresponding immunohistochemistry. While further biochemical analysis, such as proteomics of each segment will better define the relative functions of each tissue, the data presented here are consistent with the hypothesis that the koala prostate potentially represents an example of an ontological stage in the evolutionary differentiation of male eutherian accessory glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolande Campbell
- School of Environment, The University of Queensland, Gatton, 4343, Australia
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, 4343, Australia
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, 4343, Australia
| | - Sara Pagliarani
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, 4343, Australia
| | - Jo Gordon
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, 4343, Australia
| | - Stephen Johnston
- School of Environment, The University of Queensland, Gatton, 4343, Australia
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, 4343, Australia
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8
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Wildi K, Livingstone S, Ainola C, Colombo SM, Heinsar S, Sato N, Sato K, Bouquet M, Wilson E, Abbate G, Passmore M, Hyslop K, Liu K, Wang X, Palmieri C, See Hoe LE, Jung JS, Ki K, Mueller C, Laffey J, Pelosi P, Li Bassi G, Suen J, Fraser J. Application of anti-inflammatory treatment in two different ovine Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome injury models: a preclinical randomized intervention study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17986. [PMID: 37863994 PMCID: PMC10589361 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45081-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Whilst the presence of 2 subphenotypes among the heterogenous Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) population is becoming clinically accepted, subphenotype-specific treatment efficacy has yet to be prospectively tested. We investigated anti-inflammatory treatment in different ARDS models in sheep, previously shown similarities to human ARDS subphenotypes, in a preclinical, randomized, blinded study. Thirty anesthetized sheep were studied up to 48 h and randomized into: (a) OA: oleic acid (n = 15) and (b) OA-LPS: oleic acid and subsequent lipopolysaccharide (n = 15) to achieve a PaO2/FiO2 ratio of < 150 mmHg. Then, animals were randomly allocated to receive treatment with methylprednisolone or erythromycin or none. Assessed outcomes were oxygenation, pulmonary mechanics, hemodynamics and survival. All animals reached ARDS. Treatment with methylprednisolone, but not erythromycin, provided the highest therapeutic benefit in Ph2 animals, leading to a significant increase in PaO2/FiO2 ratio by reducing pulmonary edema, dead space ventilation and shunt fraction. Animals treated with methylprednisolone displayed a higher survival up to 48 h than all others. In animals treated with erythromycin, there was no treatment benefit regarding assessed physiological parameters and survival in both phenotypes. Treatment with methylprednisolone improves oxygenation and survival, more so in ovine phenotype 2 which resembles the human hyperinflammatory subphenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Wildi
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Samantha Livingstone
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Carmen Ainola
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sebastiano Maria Colombo
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Silver Heinsar
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Noriko Sato
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kei Sato
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mahé Bouquet
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Emily Wilson
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gabriella Abbate
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Margaret Passmore
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kieran Hyslop
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Keibun Liu
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Center for Cardiac Intensive Care, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- The University of Queensland, School of Veterinary Science, Gatton, Australia
| | - Louise E See Hoe
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jae-Seung Jung
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Katrina Ki
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Christian Mueller
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - John Laffey
- Galway University Hospitals, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Paolo Pelosi
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital, IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Li Bassi
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Uniting Care Hospitals, St Andrews War Memorial and The Wesley Intensive Care Units, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jacky Suen
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - John Fraser
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Uniting Care Hospitals, St Andrews War Memorial and The Wesley Intensive Care Units, Brisbane, Australia
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9
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Wong K, Abascal F, Ludwig L, Aupperle-Lellbach H, Grassinger J, Wright CW, Allison SJ, Pinder E, Phillips RM, Romero LP, Gal A, Roady PJ, Pires I, Guscetti F, Munday JS, Peleteiro MC, Pinto CA, Carvalho T, Cota J, Du Plessis EC, Constantino-Casas F, Plog S, Moe L, de Brot S, Bemelmans I, Amorim RL, Georgy SR, Prada J, Del Pozo J, Heimann M, de Carvalho Nunes L, Simola O, Pazzi P, Steyl J, Ubukata R, Vajdovich P, Priestnall SL, Suárez-Bonnet A, Roperto F, Millanta F, Palmieri C, Ortiz AL, Barros CSL, Gava A, Söderström ME, O'Donnell M, Klopfleisch R, Manrique-Rincón A, Martincorena I, Ferreira I, Arends MJ, Wood GA, Adams DJ, van der Weyden L. Cross-species oncogenomics offers insight into human muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Genome Biol 2023; 24:191. [PMID: 37635261 PMCID: PMC10464500 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-03026-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In humans, muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is highly aggressive and associated with a poor prognosis. With a high mutation load and large number of altered genes, strategies to delineate key driver events are necessary. Dogs and cats develop urothelial carcinoma (UC) with histological and clinical similarities to human MIBC. Cattle that graze on bracken fern also develop UC, associated with exposure to the carcinogen ptaquiloside. These species may represent relevant animal models of spontaneous and carcinogen-induced UC that can provide insight into human MIBC. RESULTS Whole-exome sequencing of domestic canine (n = 87) and feline (n = 23) UC, and comparative analysis with human MIBC reveals a lower mutation rate in animal cases and the absence of APOBEC mutational signatures. A convergence of driver genes (ARID1A, KDM6A, TP53, FAT1, and NRAS) is discovered, along with common focally amplified and deleted genes involved in regulation of the cell cycle and chromatin remodelling. We identify mismatch repair deficiency in a subset of canine and feline UCs with biallelic inactivation of MSH2. Bovine UC (n = 8) is distinctly different; we identify novel mutational signatures which are recapitulated in vitro in human urinary bladder UC cells treated with bracken fern extracts or purified ptaquiloside. CONCLUSION Canine and feline urinary bladder UC represent relevant models of MIBC in humans, and cross-species analysis can identify evolutionarily conserved driver genes. We characterize mutational signatures in bovine UC associated with bracken fern and ptaquiloside exposure, a human-linked cancer exposure. Our work demonstrates the relevance of cross-species comparative analysis in understanding both human and animal UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Wong
- Experimental Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Federico Abascal
- Experimental Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Latasha Ludwig
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Heike Aupperle-Lellbach
- Laboklin GmbH & Co. KG, Bad Kissingen, Germany and Institute of Pathology, Department Comparative Experimental Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Grassinger
- Laboklin GmbH & Co. KG, Bad Kissingen, Germany and Institute of Pathology, Department Comparative Experimental Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Colin W Wright
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Simon J Allison
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, UK
| | - Emma Pinder
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, UK
| | - Roger M Phillips
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, UK
| | - Laura P Romero
- Departmento de Patología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria Y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), CDMX, Mexico City, México
| | - Arnon Gal
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Patrick J Roady
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Isabel Pires
- Department of Veterinary Science, CECAV-Veterinary and Animal Research Center, University of Trás-Os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Franco Guscetti
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - John S Munday
- School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Maria C Peleteiro
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carlos A Pinto
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - João Cota
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | | | | | - Lars Moe
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Simone de Brot
- Institute of Animal Pathology, COMPATH, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Renée Laufer Amorim
- Veterinary Clinic Department, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Smitha R Georgy
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Justina Prada
- Department of Veterinary Science, CECAV-Veterinary and Animal Research Center, University of Trás-Os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Jorge Del Pozo
- Royal Dick School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Roslin, Scotland, UK
| | | | | | | | - Paolo Pazzi
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Johan Steyl
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Rodrigo Ubukata
- E+ Especialidades Veterinárias - Veterinary Oncology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Peter Vajdovich
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Oncology, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Simon L Priestnall
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK
| | - Alejandro Suárez-Bonnet
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK
| | - Franco Roperto
- Dipartimento Di Biologia, Università Degli Studi Di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ana L Ortiz
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Claudio S L Barros
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária E Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Aldo Gava
- Pathology Laboratory of the Centro de Ciencias Agro-Veterinarias, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina, Lages, SC, Brazil
| | - Minna E Söderström
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marie O'Donnell
- Department of Pathology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Robert Klopfleisch
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Manrique-Rincón
- Experimental Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Inigo Martincorena
- Experimental Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Ingrid Ferreira
- Experimental Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Mark J Arends
- University of Edinburgh Division of Pathology, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Institute of Genetics & Cancer, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Geoffrey A Wood
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - David J Adams
- Experimental Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.
| | - Louise van der Weyden
- Experimental Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
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10
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See Hoe LE, Li Bassi G, Wildi K, Passmore MR, Bouquet M, Sato K, Heinsar S, Ainola C, Bartnikowski N, Wilson ES, Hyslop K, Skeggs K, Obonyo NG, Shuker T, Bradbury L, Palmieri C, Engkilde-Pedersen S, McDonald C, Colombo SM, Wells MA, Reid JD, O'Neill H, Livingstone S, Abbate G, Haymet A, Jung JS, Sato N, James L, He T, White N, Redd MA, Millar JE, Malfertheiner MV, Molenaar P, Platts D, Chan J, Suen JY, McGiffin DC, Fraser JF. Donor heart ischemic time can be extended beyond 9 hours using hypothermic machine perfusion in sheep. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023; 42:1015-1029. [PMID: 37031869 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global shortage of donor hearts available for transplantation is a major problem for the treatment of end-stage heart failure. The ischemic time for donor hearts using traditional preservation by standard static cold storage (SCS) is limited to approximately 4 hours, beyond which the risk for primary graft dysfunction (PGD) significantly increases. Hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) of donor hearts has been proposed to safely extend ischemic time without increasing the risk of PGD. METHODS Using our sheep model of 24 hours brain death (BD) followed by orthotopic heart transplantation (HTx), we examined post-transplant outcomes in recipients following donor heart preservation by HMP for 8 hours, compared to donor heart preservation for 2 hours by either SCS or HMP. RESULTS Following HTx, all HMP recipients (both 2 hours and 8 hours groups) survived to the end of the study (6 hours after transplantation and successful weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass), required less vasoactive support for hemodynamic stability, and exhibited superior metabolic, fluid status and inflammatory profiles compared to SCS recipients. Contractile function and cardiac damage (troponin I release and histological assessment) was comparable between groups. CONCLUSIONS Overall, compared to current clinical SCS, recipient outcomes following transplantation are not adversely impacted by extending HMP to 8 hours. These results have important implications for clinical transplantation where longer ischemic times may be required (e.g., complex surgical cases, transport across long distances). Additionally, HMP may allow safe preservation of "marginal" donor hearts that are more susceptible to myocardial injury and facilitate increased utilization of these hearts for transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise E See Hoe
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Gianluigi Li Bassi
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Uniting Care Hospitals, Intensive Care Units St Andrew's War Memorial Hospital and The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Wesley Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Karin Wildi
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Cardiovascular Research Institute Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Margaret R Passmore
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mahe Bouquet
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kei Sato
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Silver Heinsar
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Department of Intensive Care, North Estonia Medical Centre, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Carmen Ainola
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicole Bartnikowski
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia
| | - Emily S Wilson
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kieran Hyslop
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kris Skeggs
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nchafatso G Obonyo
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Wellcome Trust Centre for Global Health Research, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Initiative to Develop African Research Leaders (IDeAL), Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Tristan Shuker
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lucy Bradbury
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Charles McDonald
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Department of Anesthesia and Perfusion, The Prince Charles Hospital, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sebastiano M Colombo
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Emergency, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Matthew A Wells
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Janice D Reid
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hollier O'Neill
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Samantha Livingstone
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Gabriella Abbate
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Andrew Haymet
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jae-Seung Jung
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Noriko Sato
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lynnette James
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ting He
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicole White
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Public Health and Social Work, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Meredith A Redd
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jonathan E Millar
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Maximillian V Malfertheiner
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Molenaar
- Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Platts
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jonathan Chan
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jacky Y Suen
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David C McGiffin
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Cardiothoracic Surgery and Transplantation, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John F Fraser
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Prince Charles Hospital Northside Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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11
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Fonseca-Alves CE, Laufer-Amorim R, Dagli MLZ, Palmieri C. Editorial: Precision medicine in veterinary oncology: volume II. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1219963. [PMID: 37546342 PMCID: PMC10401581 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1219963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo Fonseca-Alves
- Institute of Health Sciences, Paulista University, Bauru, Brazil
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Renée Laufer-Amorim
- Department of Veterinary Clinic, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Maria Lucia Zaidan Dagli
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland Gatton Campus, Gatton, QLD, Australia
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12
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Fallowfield L, Starkings R, Palmieri C, Tait A, Stephen L, May S, Habibi R, Russ S, Shilling V, Jenkins V. Living with metastatic breast cancer (LIMBER): experiences, quality of life, gaps in information, care and support of patients in the UK. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:459. [PMID: 37432501 PMCID: PMC10335945 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-07928-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the experiences, information, support needs and quality of life of women in the UK living with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) to provide content for educational materials. METHODS An online survey, hosted for 3 months on a UK MBC charity website, comprised sections covering issues such as communication about MBC treatment and management, helpful and less helpful things that healthcare professionals, family and friends did or said and completion of the Patient Roles and Responsibilities Scale (PRRS). RESULTS A total of 143 patients participated; 48/143(33%) presented de novo; 54/143(38%) had been living with MBC > 2 years. PRRS analysis revealed that MBC imposed a serious impact upon most respondents' own caring abilities and social lives. A majority 98/139 (71%) wished they had known more about MBC before their diagnosis; 63/134(47%) indicated that they still did not fully understand their illness; merely 78/139(56%) had access to a specialist nurse and only 69/135(51%) had been offered any additional support. Respondents reported little consideration given to their lifestyle/culture during consultations and inconsistent information, support services, continuity of care or access to clinical trials. They commented upon things health care professionals/friends and family did or said that were useful and cited other behaviours that were especially unhelpful. CONCLUSIONS MBC exerted a deleterious impact upon patients' activities of daily living which were exacerbated in part by significant gaps in support, communication and information. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS LIMBER results are informing the content of educational materials currently being developed for patients' formal and informal carers.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Fallowfield
- Sussex Health Outcomes Research & Education in Cancer (SHORE-C), Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.
| | - R Starkings
- Sussex Health Outcomes Research & Education in Cancer (SHORE-C), Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - C Palmieri
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Birkenhead, UK
| | - A Tait
- Make2ndsCount, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - S May
- Sussex Health Outcomes Research & Education in Cancer (SHORE-C), Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - R Habibi
- Sussex Health Outcomes Research & Education in Cancer (SHORE-C), Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - S Russ
- Sussex Health Outcomes Research & Education in Cancer (SHORE-C), Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - V Shilling
- Sussex Health Outcomes Research & Education in Cancer (SHORE-C), Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - V Jenkins
- Sussex Health Outcomes Research & Education in Cancer (SHORE-C), Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
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13
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Courtice JM, Ahmad TB, Wei C, Mahdi LK, Palmieri C, Juma S, Groves PJ, Hancock K, Korolik V, Petrovsky N, Kotiw M. Detection, characterization, and persistence of Campylobacter hepaticus, the cause of spotty liver disease in layer hens. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102462. [PMID: 37209651 PMCID: PMC10209450 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A Campylobacter species was first described as the etiological agent of Spotty Liver Disease (SLD) in 2015 and subsequently named as Campylobacter hepaticus in 2016. The bacterium predominantly affects barn and/or free-range hens at peak lay, is fastidious and difficult to isolate, which has impeded elucidation of its sources, means of persistence and transmission. Ten farms from South-Eastern Australia, of which 7 were free range entities participated in the study. A total of 1,404 specimens from layers and 201 from environmental sources, were examined for the presence of C. hepaticus. In this study, our principal findings included the continuing detection of C. hepaticus infection in a flock following an outbreak, indicating a possible transition of infected hens to asymptomatic carriers, that was also characterized by no further occurrence of SLD in the flock. We also report that the first outbreaks of SLD on newly commissioned free-range farms affected layers ranging from 23 to 74 wk of age, while subsequent outbreaks in replacement flocks on these farms occurred during the more conventional peak lay period (23-32 wk of age). Finally, we report that in the on-farm environment, C. hepaticus DNA was detected in layer feces, inert elements such as stormwater, mud, soil, as well as in fauna such as flies, red mites, Darkling beetles, and rats. While in off-farm locations, the bacterium was detected in feces from a variety of wild birds and a canine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodi M Courtice
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
| | - Tarek B Ahmad
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
| | - Chuanyu Wei
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
| | - Layla K Mahdi
- University of South Australia, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, SA, Australia
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia
| | - Sarah Juma
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
| | - Peter J Groves
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, Australia
| | - Kerry Hancock
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
| | - Victoria Korolik
- The Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Nikolai Petrovsky
- Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Michael Kotiw
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia.
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14
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Tamang MK, Ali A, Pertile RN, Cui X, Alexander S, Nitert MD, Palmieri C, Eyles D. Developmental vitamin D-deficiency produces autism-relevant behaviours and gut-health associated alterations in a rat model. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:204. [PMID: 37316481 PMCID: PMC10267107 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02513-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental vitamin D (DVD)-deficiency is an epidemiologically established risk factor for autism. Emerging studies also highlight the involvement of gut microbiome/gut physiology in autism. The current study aims to examine the effect of DVD-deficiency on a broad range of autism-relevant behavioural phenotypes and gut health. Vitamin D deficient rat dams exhibited altered maternal care, DVD-deficient pups showed increased ultrasonic vocalizations and as adolescents, social behaviour impairments and increased repetitive self-grooming behaviour. There were significant impacts of DVD-deficiency on gut health demonstrated by alterations to the microbiome, decreased villi length and increased ileal propionate levels. Overall, our animal model of this epidemiologically validated risk exposure for autism shows an expanded range of autism-related behavioural phenotypes and now alterations in gut microbiome that correlate with social behavioural deficits raising the possibility that DVD-deficiency induced ASD-like behaviours are due to alterations in gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Kumar Tamang
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Asad Ali
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Xiaoying Cui
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, Australia
| | - Suzy Alexander
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, Australia
| | - Marloes Dekker Nitert
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia
| | - Darryl Eyles
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, Australia.
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15
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Russell GG, Palmieri C, Darby J, Morris GP, Fountain-Jones NM, Pye RJ, Flies AS. Automated Analysis of PD1 and PDL1 Expression in Lymph Nodes and the Microenvironment of Transmissible Tumors in Tasmanian Devils. Immunol Invest 2023:1-20. [PMID: 37267050 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2023.2217845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The wild Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) population has suffered a devastating decline due to two clonal transmissible cancers. The first devil facial tumor 1 (DFT1) was observed in 1996, followed by a second genetically distinct transmissible tumor, the devil facial tumor 2 (DFT2), in 2014. DFT1/2 frequently metastasize, with lymph nodes being common metastatic sites. MHC-I downregulation by DFT1 cells is a primary means of evading allograft immunity aimed at polymorphic MHC-I proteins. DFT2 cells constitutively express MHC-I, and MHC-I is upregulated on DFT1/2 cells by interferon gamma, suggesting other immune evasion mechanisms may contribute to overcoming allograft and anti-tumor immunity. Human clinical trials have demonstrated PD1/PDL1 blockade effectively treats patients showing increased expression of PD1 in tumor draining lymph nodes, and PDL1 on peritumoral immune cells and tumor cells. The effects of DFT1/2 on systemic immunity remain largely uncharacterized. This study applied the open-access software QuPath to develop a semiautomated pipeline for whole slide analysis of stained tissue sections to quantify PD1/PDL1 expression in devil lymph nodes. The QuPath protocol provided strong correlations to manual counting. PD-1 expression was approximately 10-fold higher than PD-L1 expression in lymph nodes and was primarily expressed in germinal centers, whereas PD-L1 expression was more widely distributed throughout the lymph nodes. The density of PD1 positive cells was increased in lymph nodes containing DFT2 metastases, compared to DFT1. This suggests PD1/PDL1 exploitation may contribute to the poorly immunogenic nature of transmissible tumors in some devils and could be targeted in therapeutic or prophylactic treatments.Abbreviations: PD1: programmed cell death protein 1; PDL1: programmed death ligand 1; DFT1: devil facial tumor 1; DFT2: devil facial tumor 2; DFTD: devil facial tumor disease; MCC: Matthew's correlation coefficient; DAB: diaminobenzidine; ROI: region of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace G Russell
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jocelyn Darby
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Gary P Morris
- Tasmanian School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Nicholas M Fountain-Jones
- School of Natural Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Ruth J Pye
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Andrew S Flies
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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16
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AbdulJabbar K, Castillo SP, Hughes K, Davidson H, Boddy AM, Abegglen LM, Minoli L, Iussich S, Murchison EP, Graham TA, Spiro S, Maley CC, Aresu L, Palmieri C, Yuan Y. Bridging clinic and wildlife care with AI-powered pan-species computational pathology. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2408. [PMID: 37100774 PMCID: PMC10133243 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37879-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancers occur across species. Understanding what is consistent and varies across species can provide new insights into cancer initiation and evolution, with significant implications for animal welfare and wildlife conservation. We build a pan-species cancer digital pathology atlas (panspecies.ai) and conduct a pan-species study of computational comparative pathology using a supervised convolutional neural network algorithm trained on human samples. The artificial intelligence algorithm achieves high accuracy in measuring immune response through single-cell classification for two transmissible cancers (canine transmissible venereal tumour, 0.94; Tasmanian devil facial tumour disease, 0.88). In 18 other vertebrate species (mammalia = 11, reptilia = 4, aves = 2, and amphibia = 1), accuracy (range 0.57-0.94) is influenced by cell morphological similarity preserved across different taxonomic groups, tumour sites, and variations in the immune compartment. Furthermore, a spatial immune score based on artificial intelligence and spatial statistics is associated with prognosis in canine melanoma and prostate tumours. A metric, named morphospace overlap, is developed to guide veterinary pathologists towards rational deployment of this technology on new samples. This study provides the foundation and guidelines for transferring artificial intelligence technologies to veterinary pathology based on understanding of morphological conservation, which could vastly accelerate developments in veterinary medicine and comparative oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid AbdulJabbar
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Simon P Castillo
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Katherine Hughes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hannah Davidson
- Zoological Society of London, London, UK
- Centre for Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Sq, London, UK
| | - Amy M Boddy
- Department of Anthropology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Lisa M Abegglen
- Department of Pediatrics and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- PEEL Therapeutics, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Lucia Minoli
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Selina Iussich
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Elizabeth P Murchison
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Trevor A Graham
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
- Centre for Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Sq, London, UK
| | | | - Carlo C Maley
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center, Biodesign Institute and School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Luca Aresu
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, 4343, Gatton, QLD, Australia
| | - Yinyin Yuan
- Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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17
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Rozencwajg S, Heinsar S, Wildi K, Jung JS, Colombo SM, Palmieri C, Sato K, Ainola C, Wang X, Abbate G, Sato N, Dyer WB, Livingstone S, Helms L, Bartnikowski N, Bouquet M, Passmore MR, Hyslop K, Vidal B, Reid JD, McGuire D, Wilson ES, Rätsep I, Lorusso R, Schmidt M, Suen JY, Bassi GL, Fraser JF. Effect of flow change on brain injury during an experimental model of differential hypoxaemia in cardiogenic shock supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4002. [PMID: 36899029 PMCID: PMC10006234 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30226-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Differential hypoxaemia (DH) is common in patients supported by femoral veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) and can cause cerebral hypoxaemia. To date, no models have studied the direct impact of flow on cerebral damage. We investigated the impact of V-A ECMO flow on brain injury in an ovine model of DH. After inducing severe cardiorespiratory failure and providing ECMO support, we randomised six sheep into two groups: low flow (LF) in which ECMO was set at 2.5 L min-1 ensuring that the brain was entirely perfused by the native heart and lungs, and high flow (HF) in which ECMO was set at 4.5 L min-1 ensuring that the brain was at least partially perfused by ECMO. We used invasive (oxygenation tension-PbTO2, and cerebral microdialysis) and non-invasive (near infrared spectroscopy-NIRS) neuromonitoring, and euthanised animals after five hours for histological analysis. Cerebral oxygenation was significantly improved in the HF group as shown by higher PbTO2 levels (+ 215% vs - 58%, p = 0.043) and NIRS (67 ± 5% vs 49 ± 4%, p = 0.003). The HF group showed significantly less severe brain injury than the LF group in terms of neuronal shrinkage, congestion and perivascular oedema (p < 0.0001). Cerebral microdialysis values in the LF group all reached the pathological thresholds, even though no statistical difference was found between the two groups. Differential hypoxaemia can lead to cerebral damage after only a few hours and mandates a thorough neuromonitoring of patients. An increase in ECMO flow was an effective strategy to reduce such damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sacha Rozencwajg
- Service de Réanimation Médicale, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Institut de Cardiologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47, bd de l'Hôpital, 75651, Paris Cedex 13, France.
- UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM, UMRS-1166, ICAN Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Silver Heinsar
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Intensive Care, North Estonia Medical Centre, Tallinn, Estonia
- Intensive Care Unit, St Andrew's War Memorial Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Karin Wildi
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jae-Seung Jung
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sebastiano Maria Colombo
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Kei Sato
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Carmen Ainola
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Intensive Care, North Estonia Medical Centre, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
| | - Gabriella Abbate
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Noriko Sato
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
| | - Wayne B Dyer
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Sydney, Australia
| | - Samantha Livingstone
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
| | - Leticia Helms
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, USA
| | - Nicole Bartnikowski
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mahe Bouquet
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Margaret R Passmore
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kieran Hyslop
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Bruno Vidal
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
| | - Janice D Reid
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Daniel McGuire
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
| | - Emily S Wilson
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Indrek Rätsep
- Department of Intensive Care, North Estonia Medical Centre, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Roberto Lorusso
- Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Matthieu Schmidt
- Service de Réanimation Médicale, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Institut de Cardiologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47, bd de l'Hôpital, 75651, Paris Cedex 13, France
- UPMC Université Paris 06, INSERM, UMRS-1166, ICAN Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Jacky Y Suen
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gianluigi Li Bassi
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
- Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
- Intensive Care Unit, St Andrew's War Memorial Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.
- Intensive Care Unit, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.
- Wesley Medical Research, The Wesley, Queensland, Auchenflower, Australia.
| | - John F Fraser
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Level 3, Clinical Sciences Building, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Intensive Care Unit, St Andrew's War Memorial Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Intensive Care Unit, The Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
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18
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Owen H, Jones E, Kowald C, Hand S, McGowan M, Cobbold R, Barnes TS, Gibson JS, Ranjbar S, Palmieri C, Allavena R. Development and application of a new liver pathology recording system for use in cattle abattoirs. Res Vet Sci 2023; 158:164-184. [PMID: 37023570 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Liver disease in beef cattle has a significant global economic impact on feedlot and abattoir industries due to reduced animal performance, carcase yield, and carcase quality. This study aimed to create a post-mortem data collection tool which could be deployed at chain speed on an abattoir floor, as well as to evaluate pathological findings in both normal and condemned livers from an Australian beef cattle population. The first 1006 livers were used to formulate a user-friendly, high-throughput liver grading tool for use in an abattoir setting and to evaluate the histological features of common liver abnormalities. Subsequently, over 11,000 livers from a Southeast Queensland abattoir were analyzed. The most observed defects in condemned livers were liver abscessation, fibrosis, adhesions, and liver fluke, with histological features similar to previous reports. Bacterial culture was performed in 29 cases of liver abscessation, revealing a different balance of flora to that reported internationally. This study has developed an easy to use, efficient data collection tool that enables rapid, highly detailed assessment of large numbers of beef cattle livers at slaughter. This tool will allow thorough investigation into the effect of liver disease on beef production, in both industry and research contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Owen
- The University of Queensland, School of Veterinary Science, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - Emily Jones
- The University of Queensland, School of Veterinary Science, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia.
| | - Carla Kowald
- The University of Queensland, School of Veterinary Science, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - Sebastian Hand
- The University of Queensland, School of Veterinary Science, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - Michael McGowan
- The University of Queensland, School of Veterinary Science, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - Rowland Cobbold
- The University of Queensland, School of Veterinary Science, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - Tamsin S Barnes
- The University of Queensland, School of Veterinary Science, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - Justine S Gibson
- The University of Queensland, School of Veterinary Science, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - Shahab Ranjbar
- The University of Queensland, School of Veterinary Science, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- The University of Queensland, School of Veterinary Science, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - Rachel Allavena
- The University of Queensland, School of Veterinary Science, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
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19
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Turner NC, Swift C, Jenkins B, Kilburn L, Coakley M, Beaney M, Fox L, Goddard K, Garcia-Murillas I, Proszek P, Hall P, Harper-Wynne C, Hickish T, Kernaghan S, Macpherson IR, Okines AFC, Palmieri C, Perry S, Randle K, Snowdon C, Stobart H, Wardley AM, Wheatley D, Waters S, Winter MC, Hubank M, Allen SD, Bliss JM. Results of the c-TRAK TN trial: a clinical trial utilising ctDNA mutation tracking to detect molecular residual disease and trigger intervention in patients with moderate- and high-risk early-stage triple-negative breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2023; 34:200-211. [PMID: 36423745 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-treatment detection of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients predicts high risk of relapse. c-TRAK TN assessed the utility of prospective ctDNA surveillance in TNBC and the activity of pembrolizumab in patients with ctDNA detected [ctDNA positive (ctDNA+)]. PATIENTS AND METHODS c-TRAK TN, a multicentre phase II trial, with integrated prospective ctDNA surveillance by digital PCR, enrolled patients with early-stage TNBC and residual disease following neoadjuvant chemotherapy, or stage II/III with adjuvant chemotherapy. ctDNA surveillance comprised three-monthly blood sampling to 12 months (18 months if samples were missed due to coronavirus disease), and ctDNA+ patients were randomised 2 : 1 to intervention : observation. ctDNA results were blinded unless patients were allocated to intervention, when staging scans were done and those free of recurrence were offered pembrolizumab. A protocol amendment (16 September 2020) closed the observation group; all subsequent ctDNA+ patients were allocated to intervention. Co-primary endpoints were (i) ctDNA detection rate and (ii) sustained ctDNA clearance rate on pembrolizumab (NCT03145961). RESULTS Two hundred and eight patients registered between 30 January 2018 and 06 December 2019, 185 had tumour sequenced, 171 (92.4%) had trackable mutations, and 161 entered ctDNA surveillance. Rate of ctDNA detection by 12 months was 27.3% (44/161, 95% confidence interval 20.6% to 34.9%). Seven patients relapsed without prior ctDNA detection. Forty-five patients entered the therapeutic component (intervention n = 31; observation n = 14; one observation patient was re-allocated to intervention following protocol amendment). Of patients allocated to intervention, 72% (23/32) had metastases on staging at the time of ctDNA+, and 4 patients declined pembrolizumab. Of the five patients who commenced pembrolizumab, none achieved sustained ctDNA clearance. CONCLUSIONS c-TRAK TN is the first prospective study to assess whether ctDNA assays have clinical utility in guiding therapy in TNBC. Patients had a high rate of metastatic disease on ctDNA detection. Findings have implications for future trial design, emphasising the importance of commencing ctDNA testing early, with more sensitive and/or frequent ctDNA testing regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Turner
- Breast Cancer Now Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; Breast Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK.
| | - C Swift
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - B Jenkins
- Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - L Kilburn
- Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - M Coakley
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - M Beaney
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - L Fox
- Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - K Goddard
- Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - P Proszek
- NIHR Centre for Molecular Pathology, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - P Hall
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - C Harper-Wynne
- Maidstone Hospital, Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust, Maidstone, UK
| | - T Hickish
- University Hospitals Dorset NHS Foundation Trust, Bournemouth, UK
| | - S Kernaghan
- Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - A F C Okines
- Breast Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - C Palmieri
- Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Trust, Liverpool, Wirral, UK
| | - S Perry
- Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - K Randle
- Independent Cancer Patients' Voice, London, UK
| | - C Snowdon
- Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - H Stobart
- Independent Cancer Patients' Voice, London, UK
| | - A M Wardley
- Outreach Research & Innovation Group Ltd, Manchester, UK
| | - D Wheatley
- Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, UK
| | - S Waters
- Velindre Cancer Centre, Velindre University NHS Trust, Cardiff, UK
| | - M C Winter
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Weston Park Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - M Hubank
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK; The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - S D Allen
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - J M Bliss
- Clinical Trials and Statistics Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
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Rizza A, De Giorgi A, Negro F, Boari B, Palmieri C, Berti S, Manfredini R. Sex-related differences and chronobiology of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: findings from a single hub center in Italy. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:1540-1552. [PMID: 36876710 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202302_31397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type I acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a life-threatening condition. Time of event and rescue procedures, and sex-specific differences may play a crucial role. We aimed to investigate chronobiological patterns and sex-specific differences in a cohort of AMI patients referred to a single hub center in Italy. PATIENTS AND METHODS We considered all patients consecutively admitted for AMI (STEMI) to the Hospital of the Heart, in Massa, Tuscany (a region of Italy), between 2006 to 2018, who underwent interventional procedures. Sex, age, time of hospital admission, outcome (discharged alive/deceased), main comorbidities, and time between symptom onset and emergency medical service (EMS) activation, were analyzed. Chronobiologic analysis was applied according to hour of day, month, and season of the year. RESULTS Overall 2,522 patients (mean age 64.6±13.1 years, 73% males) were considered. In-hospital death (IHM) occurred in 96 subjects (3.8%). At univariate analysis, deceased subjects were more likely to be female, older, with longer wait for EMS activation and with interventional procedures during night-time. The multivariate analysis identified female sex, age, history of ischemic heart disease, and night-time interventional procedure as independently associated factors to IHM. Chronobiologic analysis showed a pattern with a main morning peak for total sample, males, and females (p=0.00027; p=0.0006); p=0.0121, respectively). Events showed a higher peak in summer, with no differences by sex, but IHM was higher in winter. Females showed a higher delay for EMS activation, compared to males (p<0.001), but with no effects on prognosis. On the contrary, males with a delay showed higher mortality. CONCLUSIONS Great effort should be spent to reduce patient-related delays in interventional procedures, being this issue crucial in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rizza
- Cardiology Unit, Ospedale del Cuore, Fondazione Toscana "G. Monasterio", Massa, Italy.
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21
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Huang L, Palmieri C, Bertin FR. Correlation of pituitary histomorphometry with dopamine and dopamine D2 receptor expression in horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. Res Vet Sci 2022; 152:427-433. [PMID: 36126509 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) is an endocrinopathy commonly affecting old horses. It is a spontaneously occurring, progressive disease that is still poorly understood. Previous studies have observed neurodegeneration of the dopaminergic inhibition of melanotrophs, which leads to decreased dopamine (DA) in the pars intermedia (PI) and increased pro-opiomelanocortin-derived peptides circulating in plasma. However, rats knockout for the dopamine D2 receptor (D2r) similarly develop PI hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Thus, based on the current pathophysiological theory of PPID, whether the decreased DA or the D2r dysfunction leads to PPID is still unclear. To test this, a total of 28 retrospective cases of horses with PPID were collected, graded and the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and D2r in the PI were determined. The histological and immunohistochemical results demonstrated that horses with higher tumor histological grades had reduced TH expression with increased D2r immunoreactivity colocalized in the PI (p < 0.001, p < 0.05 respectively). This correlation supports the role of DA in the pathogenesis of continuous unregulated proliferation of neoplastic cells in PI and indicates the efficiency of D2r agonists as a treatment for PPID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luoyi Huang
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland 4343, Australia.
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland 4343, Australia.
| | - François-René Bertin
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland 4343, Australia.
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22
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Giannoudis A, Varešlija D, Sharma V, Zakaria R, Platt-Higgins A, Rudland P, Jenkinson M, Young L, Palmieri C. Characterisation of the immune microenvironment of primary breast cancer and brain metastasis reveals depleted T-cell response associated to ARG2 expression. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100636. [PMID: 36423363 PMCID: PMC9808462 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibition is an established treatment in programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive metastatic triple-negative (TN) breast cancer (BC). However, the immune landscape of breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) remains poorly defined. MATERIALS AND METHODS The tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of 770 immune-related genes (NanoString™, nCounter™ Immuno-oncology IO360) were assessed in primary BCs and BCBMs. The prognostic role of ARG2 transcripts and protein expression in primary BCs and its association with outcome was determined. RESULTS There was a significant reduction of TILs in the BCBMs in comparison to primary BCs. 11.5% of BCs presented a high immune infiltrate (hot), 46.2% were altered (immunosuppressed/excluded) and 34.6% were cold (no/low immune infiltrate). 3.8% of BCBMs were hot, 23.1% altered and 73.1% cold. One hundred and twelve immune-related genes including PD-L1 and CTLA4 were decreased in BCBM compared to the primary BCs (false discovery rate <0.01, log2 fold-change >1.5). These genes are involved in matrix remodelling and metastasis, cytokine-chemokine signalling, lymphoid compartment, antigen presentation and immune cell adhesion and migration. Immuno-modulators such as PD-L1 (CD274), CTLA4, TIGIT and CD276 (B7H3) were decreased in BCBMs. However, PD-L1 and CTLA4 expression was significantly higher in TN BCBMs (P = 0.01), with CTLA4 expression also high in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (P < 0.01) compared to estrogen receptor-positive BCBMs. ARG2 was one of four genes up-regulated in BCBMs. High ARG2 mRNA expression in primary BCs was associated with worse distant metastasis-free survival (P = 0.038), while ARG2 protein expression was associated with worse breast-brain metastasis-free (P = 0.027) and overall survival (P = 0.019). High transcript levels of ARG2 correlated to low levels of cytotoxic and T cells in both BC and BCBM (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION This study highlights the immunological differences between primary BCs and BCBMs and the potential importance of ARG2 expression in T-cell depletion and clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Giannoudis
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - D. Varešlija
- The School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - V. Sharma
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK,Department of Pathology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - R. Zakaria
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK,Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - A. Platt-Higgins
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - P.S. Rudland
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - M.D. Jenkinson
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK,Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - L.S. Young
- Endocrine Oncology Research Group, Department of Surgery, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C. Palmieri
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK,The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK,Correspondence to: Prof. Carlo Palmieri, University of Liverpool, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Sherrington Building, Ashton Street, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK. Tel: +44 151 7949813 @cancermedic
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23
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Pagliarani S, Johnston SD, Beagley KW, Hulse L, Palmieri C. Chlamydiosis and cystic dilatation of the ovarian bursa in the female koala (Phascolarctos cinereus): Novel insights into the pathogenesis and mechanisms of formation. Theriogenology 2022; 189:280-289. [PMID: 35816886 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Infection with Chlamydia pecorum is one of the main causes of progressive decline of koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) populations in Eastern Australia. Pathological changes associated with the chlamydial infection in the genital tract of female and male koalas have been widely described with reports of acute and chronic lymphoplasmacytic inflammation and the description of the cystic dilatation of the ovarian bursa. Although these disease manifestations can result in severe chronic inflammation, structural changes and even sterility, only limited data is currently available on the organism's distribution and associated histopathological and ultrastructural changes within the upper genital tract of affected females. This study examined the pathogenesis of the most common pathological lesion associated with chlamydiosis in female koalas, the cystic dilation of the ovarian bursa starting from the evidence that Chlamydia spp. induces disruption of the intercellular junctions in the epithelium of the reproductive organs in humans. Histology, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were performed to evaluate the structural features and the expression of epithelial cell and cellular junctions' markers in affected bursae from 39 Chlamydia-infected female koalas. Epithelial cells from the ovarian bursae of one affected animal examined by transmission electron microscopy showed severe widening of the intercellular space, as morphologic evidence of disrupted permeability of the epithelial barrier. The epithelial cell-cell junctions markers E-cadherin, β-catenin and ZO-1 expressions were significantly reduced in samples from cystic bursae when compared to normal tissue samples (P < 0.0001). On the other end, a significantly higher expression of the proliferation marker Ki67 was observed in cystic bursae compared to control samples (P < 0.0001). As these proteins are required to maintain epithelial functional integrity and cell-cell adhesive interactions, their loss may permanently impair and affect female koala fertility and suggest the molecular basis of the pathogenesis of the cystic accumulation of bursal fluid within this tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pagliarani
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, 4343, Australia; Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Stephen D Johnston
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton, 4343, Australia
| | - Kenneth W Beagley
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4001, Australia
| | - Lyndal Hulse
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Gatton, 4343, Australia
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, 4343, Australia
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24
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Jenkins V, Russ S, R. Starkings, Tait A, Stephen L, May S, Palmieri C, Fallowfield L. 219P UK survey measuring informational needs & QoL in women living with metastatic breast cancer (LIMBER). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Abstract
Prostatic diseases are very common in male dogs, accounting for 3–10% of cases submitted to the veterinary practitioners. Commonly reported canine prostatic disorders include prostatic hyperplasia, prostatitis, prostatic cysts and prostatic carcinoma. However, clinical signs may be non-specific, or many cases are asymptomatic, thus leading to a difficult estimation of the actual prevalence of clinical cases. On the other side, because of the rare occurrence of prostate disease in cats, very little is known about pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches and treatment. The goal of this review is to provide detailed clinical and pathological overview of the feline and canine prostatic pathology, including the most up-to-date classification systems and histological findings. Emphasis is places on gross, cytological and histological features that are critical to reach a definitive diagnosis for a proper treatment and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Renee Laufer-Amorim
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Sao-Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
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26
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Giannoudis A, Vareslija D, Sharma V, Zakaria R, Platt-Higgins A, Rudland P, Jenkinson M, Young L, Palmieri C. 20P The importance of ARG2 expression in the immune-depleted microenvironment of primary breast cancer and brain metastasis. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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27
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Palmieri C, Dunlop R, Allavena RE. The pandemic penalty on female researchers in veterinary pathology. Vet Pathol 2022; 59:1062-1063. [DOI: 10.1177/03009858221087640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, Australia
| | - Rebecca Dunlop
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Rachel E. Allavena
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, Australia
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28
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Spröhnle-Barrera CH, McGhie J, Allavena RE, Owen HC, Palmieri C, Barnes TS. Epidemiology and Survival of Dogs Diagnosed with Splenic Lymphoid Hyperplasia, Complex Hyperplasia, Stromal Sarcoma and Histiocytic Sarcoma. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12080960. [PMID: 35454207 PMCID: PMC9028997 DOI: 10.3390/ani12080960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine splenic fibrohistiocytic nodules traditionally encompassed benign lymphoid hyperplasia, complex hyperplasia, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The latter has been recently re-classified into histiocytic sarcoma and stromal sarcoma. Reliable indicators of post-splenectomy survival and demographic factors predisposing to the four types of nodules are not completely understood. This study aims to estimate frequency, survival times, and identify risk factors of splenectomized dogs diagnosed with lymphoid hyperplasia, complex hyperplasia, histiocytic sarcoma, and stromal sarcoma using medical records containing histopathological diagnosis from the VetCompass Australia database (1989−2018), which collects demographic, and clinical information from veterinary clinics. Out of 693 dogs, 315 were diagnosed with fibrohistiocytic nodules, mostly lymphoid hyperplasia (169/693, 24.4%), followed by stromal sarcoma (59/693, 8.5%), complex hyperplasia (55/693, 7.9%), and histiocytic sarcoma (32/693, 4.6%). Dogs aged 8−10 years were more likely to be diagnosed with histiocytic or stromal sarcoma than lymphoid hyperplasia. Dogs diagnosed with lymphoid hyperplasia had a longer survival time than those with other diagnoses (median > 2 years). Dogs diagnosed with histiocytic sarcoma had longer survival times (median 349 days) than stromal sarcoma (median 166 days). Results suggest that knowledge of the type of splenic fibrohistiocytic nodule, patients’ age, and sex can be used to increase prognostic accuracy.
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Pinello K, Baldassarre V, Steiger K, Paciello O, Pires I, Laufer-Amorim R, Oevermann A, Niza-Ribeiro J, Aresu L, Rous B, Znaor A, Cree IA, Guscetti F, Palmieri C, Dagli MLZ. Vet-ICD-O-Canine-1, a System for Coding Canine Neoplasms Based on the Human ICD-O-3.2. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1529. [PMID: 35326681 PMCID: PMC8946502 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer registries are fundamental tools for collecting epidemiological cancer data and developing cancer prevention and control strategies. While cancer registration is common in the human medical field, many attempts to develop animal cancer registries have been launched over time, but most have been discontinued. A pivotal aspect of cancer registration is the availability of cancer coding systems, as provided by the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O). Within the Global Initiative for Veterinary Cancer Surveillance (GIVCS), established to foster and coordinate animal cancer registration worldwide, a group of veterinary pathologists and epidemiologists developed a comparative coding system for canine neoplasms. Vet-ICD-O-canine-1 is compatible with the human ICD-O-3.2 and is consistent with the currently recognized classification schemes for canine tumors. It comprises 335 topography codes and 534 morphology codes. The same code as in ICD-O-3.2 was used for the majority of canine tumors showing a high level of similarity to their human counterparts (n = 408). De novo codes (n = 152) were created for specific canine tumor entities (n = 126) and topographic sites (n = 26). The Vet-ICD-O-canine-1 coding system represents a user-friendly, easily accessible, and comprehensive resource for developing a canine cancer registration system that will enable studies within the One Health space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Pinello
- Departamento de Estudo de Populações, Vet-OncoNet, ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório Para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Valeria Baldassarre
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy; (V.B.); (O.P.)
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany;
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy; (V.B.); (O.P.)
| | - Isabel Pires
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary, Science-AL4AnimalS Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Renée Laufer-Amorim
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-681, SP, Brazil;
| | - Anna Oevermann
- Division of Neurological Sciences, DCR-VPH, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - João Niza-Ribeiro
- Departamento de Estudo de Populações, Vet-OncoNet, ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- EPIUnit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório Para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luca Aresu
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy;
| | - Brian Rous
- National Disease Registration Service, NHS Digital, London SE1 8UG, UK;
| | - Ariana Znaor
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, IARC, 69372 Lyon, France; (A.Z.); (I.A.C.)
| | - Ian A. Cree
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, IARC, 69372 Lyon, France; (A.Z.); (I.A.C.)
| | - Franco Guscetti
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, Gatton Campus, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia
| | - Maria Lucia Zaidan Dagli
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil;
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30
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Hulse L, Palmieri C, Beagley KW, Larkin R, Keeley T, Gosalvez J, Johnston SD. Investigation of pathology associated with Chlamydia pecorum infection in the male reproductive tract, and the effect on spermatogenesis and semen quality in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus). Theriogenology 2022; 180:30-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Erdal Irac S, Allavena R, Jackson K, Herndon A, Palmieri C. Combined Transcriptomic and Immunohistochemical Analysis of Canine Osteosarcoma Identifies Key Cytokines with Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential. J Comp Pathol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2021.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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Story M, Stringer B, Fonseca-Alves C, Straw R, Laufer-Amorim R, Palmieri C. Establishment and CharacteriZation of a New Canine Prostate Cancer Cell Line (Kodiak2016). J Comp Pathol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2021.11.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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33
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Pinello KC, Palmieri C, Ruiz J, Zaidan Dagli ML, Niza-Ribeiro J. Risks and benefits of the interaction with companion animals. One Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822794-7.00012-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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34
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Dyer WB, Tung JP, Li Bassi G, Wildi K, Jung JS, Colombo SM, Rozencwajg S, Simonova G, Chiaretti S, Temple FT, Ainola C, Shuker T, Palmieri C, Shander A, Suen JY, Irving DO, Fraser JF. An Ovine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock and Resuscitation, to Assess Recovery of Tissue Oxygen Delivery and Oxygen Debt, and Inform Patient Blood Management. Shock 2021; 56:1080-1091. [PMID: 34014886 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aggressive fluid or blood component transfusion for severe hemorrhagic shock may restore macrocirculatory parameters, but not always improve microcirculatory perfusion and tissue oxygen delivery. We established an ovine model of hemorrhagic shock to systematically assess tissue oxygen delivery and repayment of oxygen debt; appropriate outcomes to guide Patient Blood Management. METHODS Female Dorset-cross sheep were anesthetized, intubated, and subjected to comprehensive macrohemodynamic, regional tissue oxygen saturation (StO2), sublingual capillary imaging, and arterial lactate monitoring confirmed by invasive organ-specific microvascular perfusion, oxygen pressure, and lactate/pyruvate levels in brain, kidney, liver, and skeletal muscle. Shock was induced by stepwise withdrawal of venous blood until MAP was 30 mm Hg, mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) < 60%, and arterial lactate >4 mM. Resuscitation with PlasmaLyte® was dosed to achieve MAP > 65 mm Hg. RESULTS Hemorrhage impacted primary outcomes between baseline and development of shock: MAP 89 ± 5 to 31 ± 5 mm Hg (P < 0.01), SvO2 70 ± 7 to 23 ± 8% (P < 0.05), cerebral regional tissue StO2 77 ± 11 to 65 ± 9% (P < 0.01), peripheral muscle StO2 66 ± 8 to 16 ± 9% (P < 0.01), arterial lactate 1.5 ± 1.0 to 5.1 ± 0.8 mM (P < 0.01), and base excess 1.1 ± 2.2 to -3.6 ± 1.7 mM (P < 0.05). Invasive organ-specific monitoring confirmed reduced tissue oxygen delivery; oxygen tension decreased and lactate increased in all tissues, but moderately in brain. Blood volume replacement with PlasmaLyte® improved primary outcome measures toward baseline, confirmed by organ-specific measures, despite hemoglobin reduced from baseline 10.8 ± 1.2 to 5.9 ± 1.1 g/dL post-resuscitation (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Non-invasive measures of tissue oxygen delivery and oxygen debt repayment are suitable outcomes to inform Patient Blood Management of hemorrhagic shock, translatable for pre-clinical assessment of novel resuscitation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne B Dyer
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - John-Paul Tung
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Australia
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gianluigi Li Bassi
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Medical Engineering Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Karin Wildi
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jae-Seung Jung
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sebastiano Maria Colombo
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Sacha Rozencwajg
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMRS-1166, ICAN Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Medical ICU, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Gabriela Simonova
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Australia
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Fergal T Temple
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Australia
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Carmen Ainola
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tristan Shuker
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Aryeh Shander
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Hyperbaric Medicine, Englewood Health, Englewood
- TeamHealth, Englewood Health, Englewood
- UF College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medicine and Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Rutgers University, Newark
| | - Jacky Y Suen
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David O Irving
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
| | - John F Fraser
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Heinsar S, Jung JS, Colombo SM, Rozencwajg S, Wildi K, Sato K, Ainola C, Wang X, Abbate G, Sato N, Dyer WB, Livingstone SA, Pimenta LP, Bartnikowski N, Bouquet MJP, Passmore M, Vidal B, Palmieri C, Reid JD, Haqqani HM, McGuire D, Wilson ES, Rätsep I, Lorusso R, Suen JY, Bassi GL, Fraser JF. An innovative ovine model of severe cardiopulmonary failure supported by veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20458. [PMID: 34650063 PMCID: PMC8516938 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00087-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Refractory cardiogenic shock (CS) often requires veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) to sustain end-organ perfusion. Current animal models result in heterogenous cardiac injury and frequent episodes of refractory ventricular fibrillation. Thus, we aimed to develop an innovative, clinically relevant, and titratable model of severe cardiopulmonary failure. Six sheep (60 ± 6 kg) were anaesthetized and mechanically ventilated. VA-ECMO was commenced and CS was induced through intramyocardial injections of ethanol. Then, hypoxemic/hypercapnic pulmonary failure was achieved, through substantial decrease in ventilatory support. Echocardiography was used to compute left ventricular fractional area change (LVFAC) and cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) was quantified. After 5 h, the animals were euthanised and the heart was retrieved for histological evaluations. Ethanol (58 ± 23 mL) successfully induced CS in all animals. cTnI levels increased near 5000-fold. CS was confirmed by a drop in systolic blood pressure to 67 ± 14 mmHg, while lactate increased to 4.7 ± 0.9 mmol/L and LVFAC decreased to 16 ± 7%. Myocardial samples corroborated extensive cellular necrosis and inflammatory infiltrates. In conclusion, we present an innovative ovine model of severe cardiopulmonary failure in animals on VA-ECMO. This model could be essential to further characterize CS and develop future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silver Heinsar
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Intensive Care Unit, St Andrews War Memorial Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Intensive Care, North Estonia Medical Centre, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Jae-Seung Jung
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sebastiano Maria Colombo
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sacha Rozencwajg
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Medical ICU, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, INSERM UMRS-1166, Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Karin Wildi
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kei Sato
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Carmen Ainola
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Intensive Care, North Estonia Medical Centre, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Gabriella Abbate
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Noriko Sato
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Wayne Bruce Dyer
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Sydney, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Samantha Annie Livingstone
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Leticia Pretti Pimenta
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicole Bartnikowski
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mahe Jeannine Patricia Bouquet
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Margaret Passmore
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Bruno Vidal
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Australia
| | - Janice D Reid
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Haris M Haqqani
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniel McGuire
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Emily Susan Wilson
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Indrek Rätsep
- Department of Intensive Care, North Estonia Medical Centre, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Roberto Lorusso
- Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacky Y Suen
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Gianluigi Li Bassi
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. .,Intensive Care Unit, St Andrews War Memorial Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. .,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. .,Wesley Medical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - John F Fraser
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. .,Intensive Care Unit, St Andrews War Memorial Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. .,Wesley Medical Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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36
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Palmieri C, Müller G, Kroesen AJ, Galata C, Rink AD, Morgenstern J, Kruis W. Perianal Fistula-Associated Carcinoma in Crohn's Disease: A Multicentre Retrospective Case Control Study. J Crohns Colitis 2021; 15:1686-1693. [PMID: 33772272 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Carcinoma associated with perianal fistula in Crohn's disease is a pending threat for patients. This study aimed to improve understanding and facilitate development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. METHODS A retrospective case-control study was conducted at four German hospitals. The analysis included 40 patients with proven malignancy associated with perianal Crohn's fistulas and 40 randomly selected controls with fistulizing perianal Crohn's disease. Differences between groups were analysed and multivariate calculations were performed to describe risk factors for oncological outcomes. RESULTS Histology revealed adenocarcinoma in 33/40 patients and squamous cell carcinoma in 7/40 patients. Compared to fistula patients without carcinoma, patients with malignancies associated with fistula had a diagnosis of Crohn's disease at younger age. Crohn's disease lasted longer in patients with malignancy [25.8 ± 9.0 vs 19.6 ± 10.4; p = 0.006]. Fistula-related findings differed significantly between the two groups. Signs of complicated and severe fistulation including complex anatomy and chronic activity occurred significantly more often in patients with malignancy associated with fistula. Significant multivariate hazard ratios for overall mortality and progression-free survival were shown for histological type of cancer, metastatic disease and R1 resection. Overall survival was 45.1 ± 28.6 months and the 5-year survival rate was 65%. CONCLUSIONS In patients with adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma associated with perianal fistula in Crohn's disease, fistula characteristics determine the risk of malignancy. Early diagnosis influences outcomes, while treatment of chronic fistula activity may be key to preventing malignancy. Expert multimodal therapy is paramount for successful treatment of perianal fistula-associated malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Palmieri
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Kalk, University of Cologne, Buchforststrasse, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gerhard Müller
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Kalk, University of Cologne, Buchforststrasse, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anton J Kroesen
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Krankenhaus Porz am Rhein, University of Cologne, Urbacher Weg, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christian Galata
- Department of Surgery, University of Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas D Rink
- Department of General, Abdominal and Transplantation Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstraße, Mainz, Klinikum Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Julia Morgenstern
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Kalk, University of Cologne, Buchforststrasse, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kruis
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Kalk, University of Cologne, Buchforststrasse, Cologne, Germany
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Leis-Filho AF, Lainetti PD, Kobayashi PE, Palmieri C, Amorim RL, Fonseca-Alves CE. Expression and prognostic significance of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and its receptor in canine prostate cancer. Prostate 2021; 81:1021-1031. [PMID: 34320239 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and its receptor, VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2), represent a complex family of angiogenic molecules consisting of different ligands and receptors. Due to the importance of VEGF-A/VEGFR-2 signaling in tumor proliferation and angiogenesis, this study aimed to evaluate the protein and gene expression levels of VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 in canine prostate cancer (PC). METHODS We analyzed VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 expression in 87 PC samples by immunohistochemistry and quantitative-polymerase chain reaction. PC samples were graded according to the Gleason score and the immunohistochemical staining for VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 was quantified using a selected threshold from the ImageJ Software. Microvascular density was assessed by cluster of differentiation 31 staining and counting the number of positive vessels. Additionally, the homology of VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 between humans and dogs was assessed, followed by the construction of a protein structure homology model to compare the tertiary structures of these proteins in both species. RESULTS Negative to weakly positive expression levels of VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 were observed in the epithelial cells of the normal prostate (NP) and prostatic hyperplasia samples. In contrast, the canine proliferative atrophy and PC samples exhibited higher VEGF-A (p < .0001) and VEGFR-2 (p < .0001) compared to NP. Moreover, positive correlations between the expression levels of VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 (Spearman's coefficient (r) = .68, p = .013) and the expression levels of VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 proteins (r = .8, p < .0001) were also observed in the NP samples. Additionally, the patients with PC exhibiting higher VEGFR-2 expression levels experienced a shorter survival period (p = .0372). Furthermore, we found an association between the microvascular density and overall survival. Dogs with a higher number of vessels showed a shorter survival time. We further demonstrated that the VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 exhibited high homology between humans and dogs, and identified their protein structures in both species. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, VEGFR-2 appears to be an independent prognostic factor in animals with PC. VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 are highly conserved between humans and dogs, which can be investigated further in future cross-species studies to explore their therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Fernando Leis-Filho
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia deFaria Lainetti
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila Emiko Kobayashi
- Department of Veterinary Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland Gatton Campus, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Renée Laufer Amorim
- Department of Veterinary Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Fonseca-Alves
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Health Sciences, Paulista University-UNIP, Bauru, Brazil
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Cheng VWT, Heywood R, Zakaria R, Burger R, Fitzpatrick A, Zucker K, Sanghera P, Doherty GJ, Palmieri C, Jenkinson MD. P14.70 BMScope: A systematic mapping review of brain/leptomeningeal metastasis clinical studies from 2010 to 2020. Neuro Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab180.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Brain metastasis (BM) and leptomeningeal disease (LMD) are typified by a poor prognosis and are an area of unmet clinical need. Historically, patients with central nervous system (CNS) disease have been excluded from systemic therapy clinical trials, particularly with active/leptomeningeal disease. However, increasing prevalence of CNS metastasis is leading to greater interest in BM/LMD. We performed a descriptive analysis of clinical studies investigating BM/LMD management, published between Jan 2010 to Mar 2020.
METHODS
A comprehensive, customised search strategy was devised for 12 online bibliographic databases, using the following concepts: “clinical study”, “brain metastasis”, “leptomeningeal disease”, “intervention”, “patient-related outcome”. Double screening for inclusion/exclusion was performed on the Rayyan QCRI web application. Published abstracts were also screened for inclusion from ASCO, ESMO, SNO and EANO between 2015–2020. Following full text screening, conflicts were resolved by consensus and data were extracted using an online standardised tool. Data analysis and data visualisation were performed on the R statistical package.
RESULTS
Overall, 33118 published studies were double screened; 2632 full publications and 628 abstracts were included. Of these, 14.7% reported on unique interventional clinical trials (phase 2 = 267; phase 3 = 80). More than three times the number of clinical trials investigating systemic agents as the sole therapy for BM/LMD were published in Q1 2020 compared to the whole of 2010 (16 vs 5). 42.5% of clinical trials employed a form of local therapy (brain targeted radiotherapy or neurosurgery). Studies reported on patients with BM (n = 2738), LMD (n = 110) or both (n = 119). The majority of studies were performed in North America, Europe or East Asia (88.5% vs 11.5% rest of the world). The top 3 nations involved in published studies were the USA (n = 1155), China (n = 351) and Germany (n = 334). Network analysis demonstrated increasing links between countries. In line with expected BM prevalence, the main tumour sites studied were lung (23.4%), gastrointestinal (17.5%), breast (15%) and melanoma (12.5%). A rising trend of published BM/LMD studies over time was noted, with 83 observational studies/10 clinical trials in 2010 vs. 454 observational studies/80 clinical trials in 2019.
CONCLUSION
These findings demonstrate that over the last decade there has been a growth in BM/LMD research; likely reflecting an increasing disease prevalence, availability of novel and potentially CNS active agents, as well as more advanced local therapy modalities. BM/LMD clinical research is dominated by a few geographical regions and nations; however, there is an apparent shift to more international collaboration. This comprehensive mapping exercise will enable targeted systematic reviews of the existing evidence base on BM/LMD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- V W T Cheng
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - R Heywood
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - R Zakaria
- The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - R Burger
- King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Fitzpatrick
- Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Zucker
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - P Sanghera
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - G J Doherty
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - C Palmieri
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M D Jenkinson
- The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Howell S, Krebs M, Lord S, Kenny L, Bahl A, Clack G, Ainscow E, Arkenau HT, Mansi J, Palmieri C, Richards P, Jeselsohn R, Mitri Z, Gradishar W, Sardesai S, O'Shaughnessy J, Lehnert M, Ali S, McIntosh S, Coombes R. 265P Study of samuraciclib (CT7001), a first-in-class, oral, selective inhibitor of CDK7, in combination with fulvestrant in patients with advanced hormone receptor positive HER2 negative breast cancer (HR+BC). Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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40
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Palmieri C, Turtle L, Drake T, Harrison E, Docherty A, Greenhalf B, Openshaw P, Baillie J, Semple M. LBA60 Prospective data of >20,000 hospitalised patients with cancer and COVID-19 derived from the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infections Consortium WHO Coronavirus Clinical Characterisation Consortium: CCP-CANCER UK. Ann Oncol 2021. [PMCID: PMC8454398 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.2141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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41
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Carnaccini S, Palmieri C, Stoute S, Crispo M, Shivaprasad HL. Infectious laryngotracheitis of chickens: Pathologic and immunohistochemistry findings. Vet Pathol 2021; 59:112-119. [PMID: 34463177 DOI: 10.1177/03009858211035388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is an important upper respiratory disease of chickens. Gross and histologic lesions of ILT in chickens are compared to immunohistochemistry to evaluate the diagnostic test sensitivity. A total of 31 separate ILT-confirmed necropsy submissions (12 commercial meat-type flocks, 13 egg-type producers, and 6 backyard flocks) were arbitrarily selected. Each submission ranged from 1 to 18 birds, for a total of 246 chickens. Cases with available formalin-fixed tissues were selected to include a range of bird production types, ages, clinical histories, and severity of macroscopic and histologic lesions. Macroscopic findings in the respiratory tract varied from increased mucus (55.6%) to fibrinonecrotic exudate (20.3%) and hemorrhages in the larynx and trachea (13.0%). Syncytia with intranuclear inclusion bodies were present in the respiratory tract epithelium with or without hemorrhages. Sections of conjunctiva, sinus, larynx, trachea, lung, and air sac were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect gallid alphaherpesvirus 1 (GaHV-1) antigen. Positive immunolabeling was detected in the cytoplasm and nuclei of syncytia and epithelial cells in 18/22 conjunctivae (82%), 12/13 sinuses (92%), 18/22 larynxes (82%), 23/25 tracheas (92%), 10/21 lungs (57%), and 3/8 air sacs (37%). Of the 34 tissues with no visible syncytia or inclusion bodies, 8 were positive by IHC. In conclusion, IHC was useful to study the viral antigen tissue distribution and support the diagnosis of ILT when the histopathologic interpretation was doubtful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Carnaccini
- University of California Davis, Turlock, CA, USA.,University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, USA
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- The University of Queensland, Gatton Campus, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Manuela Crispo
- University of California Davis, Turlock, CA, USA.,École Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse Cedex 3, France
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42
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Liu X, Dunlop R, Allavena R, Palmieri C. Women Representation and Gender Equality in Different Academic Levels in Veterinary Science. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8080159. [PMID: 34437481 PMCID: PMC8402655 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8080159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Women’s participation and completion at veterinary schools has increased globally for the past few decades. However, increased female graduates have not translated into similar patterns of academic staffing. The gender distribution within each academic level at eight accredited veterinary faculties in Australia and New Zealand, 38 accredited faculties in the USA and Canada and 98 accredited faculties in Europe were analyzed. Women occupied 47.9%, 45.5% and 47.5% of the academic positions in Australia/New Zealand, the USA/Canada and Europe, respectively. Compared to their male counterparts, female academics were more likely to hold the lower ranked positions. The gender distribution is skewed toward men in the senior positions at or above associate professor level in all analyzed regions. The findings of this study confirm gender inequality in academic progression meaning there is a continued need to develop strategies to eliminate inequity in veterinary science faculties worldwide.
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43
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Fonseca-Alves CE, Palmieri C, Dagli MLZ, Laufer-Amorim R. Editorial: Precision Medicine in Veterinary Oncology. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:718891. [PMID: 34336983 PMCID: PMC8316583 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.718891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo Fonseca-Alves
- Institute of Health Sciences, Paulista University-UNIP, Bauru, Brazil.,Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, Gatton Campus, The University of Queensland-UQ, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Maria Lucia Zaidan Dagli
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo-USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renée Laufer-Amorim
- Department of Veterinary Clinic, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
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44
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Palmieri C, Macpherson IR. A review of the evidence base for utilizing Child-Pugh criteria for guiding dosing of anticancer drugs in patients with cancer and liver impairment. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100162. [PMID: 34098229 PMCID: PMC8190488 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As the liver is vital for the metabolism of many anticancer drugs, determining the correct starting doses in cancer patients with liver impairment is key to safe prescription and prevention of unnecessary adverse effects. Clinicians typically use liver function tests when evaluating patients; however, prescribing information and summaries of product characteristics often suggest dosing of anticancer drugs in patients with liver impairment based on the Child-Pugh criteria, even though the criteria were not developed for this purpose. In this review, we assessed all the oncological small molecule and cytotoxic drugs approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) over a 5-year period from 2014 to 2018. The various entry criteria related to these drugs—with respect to hepatic function—in key pivotal studies were compared with their approved dosing recommendations found in prescribing information and summaries of product characteristics. We found that 46% of drugs have dosing recommendations based on Child-Pugh criteria alone, despite the fact that only 8% of these drugs were tested within studies that used the Child-Pugh criteria as entry criteria. Moreover, we note that the data used to make recommendations based on Child-Pugh criteria are typically from small studies that may lack an appropriate patient population. We propose that these findings, along with details surrounding the development of the Child-Pugh criteria, call into question the validity and appropriateness of using Child-Pugh criteria for dosing recommendations of anticancer drugs. Dosing information for anticancer drugs in patients with liver impairment is often based on the Child-Pugh criteria. Clinical trials and clinicians typically use liver function tests when evaluating patients. Of the 39 oncologic drugs examined, almost half (46%) had dosing recommendations based on Child-Pugh criteria alone. We question whether using Child-Pugh criteria for dosing recommendations of anticancer drugs is the best approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Palmieri
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Academic Department of Medical Oncology, The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
| | - I R Macpherson
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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45
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Palmieri C, Linden H, Birrell S, Lim E, Schwartzberg L, Rugo H, Cobb P, Jain K, Vogel C, O'Shaughnessy J, Johnston S, Getzenberg R, Barnette K, Steiner M, Brufsky A, Overmoyer B. 100P Efficacy of enobosarm, a selective androgen receptor (AR) targeting agent, in patients with metastatic AR+/ER+ breast cancer resistant to estrogen receptor targeted agents and CDK 4/6 inhibitor in a phase II clinical study. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.03.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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46
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Jones E, Palmieri C, Thompson M, Jackson K, Allavena R. Feline Idiopathic Cystitis: Pathogenesis, Histopathology and Comparative Potential. J Comp Pathol 2021; 185:18-29. [PMID: 34119228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bladder pain syndrome (BPS) is a debilitating disease in humans, particularly women, with patients experiencing chronic, intractable, lower urinary and pelvic pain. Although rodent models have been used, feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC) is a naturally occurring bladder disease of cats that is frequently considered to be the preferred model for BPS. Histologically, FIC is most similar to the non-Hunner BPS subtype. Histology is unnecessary for the clinical diagnosis of FIC but is of great value in elucidating the pathogenesis of this disease so that prevention and therapeutic interventions can be optimized. Further study of the histological features of FIC and BPS is required to determine the significance of Von Brunn's nests, which are invaginations of hyperplastic urothelium that have been associated with irritative bladder stimuli in animals and have been observed in FIC. We review the possible pathogenesis, histopathological similarities and differences between FIC and BPS, and highlight the potential of FIC as a model of BPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Jones
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mary Thompson
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Karen Jackson
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Rachel Allavena
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
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47
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Lee RJ, Wysocki O, Bhogal T, Shotton R, Tivey A, Angelakas A, Aung T, Banfill K, Baxter M, Boyce H, Brearton G, Copson E, Dickens E, Eastlake L, Gomes F, Hague C, Harrison M, Horsley L, Huddar P, Hudson Z, Khan S, Khan UT, Maynard A, McKenzie H, Palmer D, Robinson T, Rowe M, Thomas A, Tweedy J, Sheehan R, Stockdale A, Weaver J, Williams S, Wilson C, Zhou C, Dive C, Cooksley T, Palmieri C, Freitas A, Armstrong AC. Erratum to 'Longitudinal characterisation of haematological and biochemical parameters in cancer patients prior to and during COVID-19 reveals features associated with outcome': [ESMO Open Volume 6, Issue 1, February 2021, 100005]. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100056. [PMID: 33545518 PMCID: PMC7842131 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R J Lee
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
| | - O Wysocki
- The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Digital Experimental Cancer Medicine Team, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute Cancer Biomarker Centre, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park, UK
| | - T Bhogal
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK; The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - R Shotton
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - A Tivey
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - A Angelakas
- University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay, Kendal, UK
| | - T Aung
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - K Banfill
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - M Baxter
- University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - H Boyce
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - G Brearton
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - E Copson
- Cancer Sciences Academic Unit, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - E Dickens
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - L Eastlake
- University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Plymouth, UK
| | - F Gomes
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - C Hague
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | - L Horsley
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - P Huddar
- Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Preston, UK
| | - Z Hudson
- Bristol Haematology and Oncology Centre, Bristol, UK
| | - S Khan
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; Oncology Department, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - U T Khan
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK; The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Maynard
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - H McKenzie
- Cancer Sciences Academic Unit, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - D Palmer
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK; The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - T Robinson
- Bristol Haematology and Oncology Centre, Bristol, UK; Sunrise Oncology Centre, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, UK
| | - M Rowe
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, UK
| | - A Thomas
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; Oncology Department, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - J Tweedy
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool and Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - R Sheehan
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - A Stockdale
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Cancer Biomarker Centre, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park, UK
| | - J Weaver
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - S Williams
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - C Wilson
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - C Zhou
- The University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - C Dive
- The University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - T Cooksley
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - C Palmieri
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK; The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Freitas
- The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Digital Experimental Cancer Medicine Team, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute Cancer Biomarker Centre, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park, UK
| | - A C Armstrong
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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48
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Gonzalez‐Astudillo V, Palmieri C, Shaw S, Allavena R. Oculocutaneous albinism in a wild koala (
Phascolarctos cinereus
) with unusual renal impairment. Vet rec case rep 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/vrc2.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland Gatton Queensland Australia
| | - Stephanie Shaw
- Queensland Department of Environment and Science Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Rachel Allavena
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland Gatton Queensland Australia
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49
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Wildi K, Livingstone S, Palmieri C, LiBassi G, Suen J, Fraser J. Correction to: The discovery of biological subphenotypes in ARDS: a novel approach to targeted medicine? J Intensive Care 2021; 9:22. [PMID: 33632289 PMCID: PMC7905677 DOI: 10.1186/s40560-021-00534-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Wildi
- The Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Clinical Sciences Building, Level 3, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia. .,Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. .,Cardiovascular Research Group, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Samantha Livingstone
- The Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Clinical Sciences Building, Level 3, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gianluigi LiBassi
- The Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Clinical Sciences Building, Level 3, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jacky Suen
- The Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Clinical Sciences Building, Level 3, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - John Fraser
- The Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Clinical Sciences Building, Level 3, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD, 4032, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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50
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Lee RJ, Wysocki O, Bhogal T, Shotton R, Tivey A, Angelakas A, Aung T, Banfill K, Baxter M, Boyce H, Brearton G, Copson E, Dickens E, Eastlake L, Gomes F, Hague C, Harrison M, Horsley L, Huddar P, Hudson Z, Khan S, Khan UT, Maynard A, McKenzie H, Palmer D, Robinson T, Rowe M, Thomas A, Tweedy J, Sheehan R, Stockdale A, Weaver J, Williams S, Wilson C, Zhou C, Dive C, Cooksley T, Palmieri C, Freitas A, Armstrong AC. Longitudinal characterisation of haematological and biochemical parameters in cancer patients prior to and during COVID-19 reveals features associated with outcome. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100005. [PMID: 33399072 PMCID: PMC7808077 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2020.100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer patients are at increased risk of death from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Cancer and its treatment affect many haematological and biochemical parameters, therefore we analysed these prior to and during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and correlated them with outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS Consecutive patients with cancer testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 in centres throughout the United Kingdom were identified and entered into a database following local governance approval. Clinical and longitudinal laboratory data were extracted from patient records. Data were analysed using Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher's exact test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, logistic regression, or linear regression for outcomes. Hierarchical clustering of heatmaps was performed using Ward's method. RESULTS In total, 302 patients were included in three cohorts: Manchester (n = 67), Liverpool (n = 62), and UK (n = 173). In the entire cohort (N = 302), median age was 69 (range 19-93 years), including 163 males and 139 females; of these, 216 were diagnosed with a solid tumour and 86 with a haematological cancer. Preinfection lymphopaenia, neutropaenia and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were not associated with oxygen requirement (O2) or death. Lymphocyte count (P < 0.001), platelet count (P = 0.03), LDH (P < 0.0001) and albumin (P < 0.0001) significantly changed from preinfection to during infection. High rather than low neutrophils at day 0 (P = 0.007), higher maximal neutrophils during COVID-19 (P = 0.026) and higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR; P = 0.01) were associated with death. In multivariable analysis, age (P = 0.002), haematological cancer (P = 0.034), C-reactive protein (P = 0.004), NLR (P = 0.036) and albumin (P = 0.02) at day 0 were significant predictors of death. In the Manchester/Liverpool cohort 30 patients have restarted therapy following COVID-19, with no additional complications requiring readmission. CONCLUSION Preinfection biochemical/haematological parameters were not associated with worse outcome in cancer patients. Restarting treatment following COVID-19 was not associated with additional complications. Neutropaenia due to cancer/treatment is not associated with COVID-19 mortality. Cancer therapy, particularly in patients with solid tumours, need not be delayed or omitted due to concerns that treatment itself increases COVID-19 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Lee
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Tumour Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
| | - O Wysocki
- The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Digital Experimental Cancer Medicine Team, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute Cancer Biomarker Centre, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park, UK
| | - T Bhogal
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK; The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - R Shotton
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - A Tivey
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - A Angelakas
- University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay, Kendal, UK
| | - T Aung
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - K Banfill
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - M Baxter
- University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - H Boyce
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - G Brearton
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - E Copson
- Cancer Sciences Academic Unit, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - E Dickens
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - L Eastlake
- University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Plymouth, UK
| | - F Gomes
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - C Hague
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | - L Horsley
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - P Huddar
- Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Preston, UK
| | - Z Hudson
- Bristol Haematology and Oncology Centre, Bristol, UK
| | - S Khan
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; Oncology Department, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - U T Khan
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK; The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Maynard
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - H McKenzie
- Cancer Sciences Academic Unit, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - D Palmer
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK; The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - T Robinson
- Bristol Haematology and Oncology Centre, Bristol, UK; Sunrise Oncology Centre, Royal Cornwall Hospital, Truro, UK
| | - M Rowe
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, UK
| | - A Thomas
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; Oncology Department, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - J Tweedy
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool and Tropical and Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - R Sheehan
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - A Stockdale
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Cancer Biomarker Centre, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park, UK
| | - J Weaver
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - S Williams
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - C Wilson
- Weston Park Cancer Centre, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - C Zhou
- The University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - C Dive
- The University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - T Cooksley
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - C Palmieri
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK; The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Freitas
- The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Digital Experimental Cancer Medicine Team, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute Cancer Biomarker Centre, The University of Manchester, Alderley Park, UK
| | - A C Armstrong
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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