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Lee D, Mo JW, Yoon S, Kwon J, Jo Y, Lee SI, Kwon T, Kwon J, Kim J. Subcutaneous leiomyosarcoma in a cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis). Vet Med Sci 2024; 10:e1321. [PMID: 38227706 PMCID: PMC10790726 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Leiomyosarcoma, a malignant tumour originating from smooth muscle cells, has rarely been documented in non-human primates. In this case study, a 7-year-old female cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) presented with a rapidly growing mass overlying the left elbow joint. Radiographs indicated the presence of a soft tissue neoplasm without any associated bone involvement. The mass was surgically resected. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses revealed spindle-shaped cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm that resembled smooth muscle cells, exhibiting positive immunoreactions for vimentin, desmin and smooth muscle actin and a negative reaction for pan-cytokeratin. This is the first reported case of subcutaneous leiomyosarcoma in a cynomolgus macaque and provides important insights into the incidence and characteristics of this condition in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong‐Ho Lee
- Primate Resources CenterKorea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)JeongeupJeonbukRepublic of Korea
- Department of Laboratory Animal MedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineJeonbuk National UniversityIksanJeonbukRepublic of Korea
| | - Jun Won Mo
- Primate Resources CenterKorea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)JeongeupJeonbukRepublic of Korea
| | - Seung‐Bin Yoon
- Primate Resources CenterKorea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)JeongeupJeonbukRepublic of Korea
| | - Jeongwoo Kwon
- Primate Resources CenterKorea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)JeongeupJeonbukRepublic of Korea
| | - Yu‐Jin Jo
- Primate Resources CenterKorea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)JeongeupJeonbukRepublic of Korea
| | - Sang Il Lee
- Primate Resources CenterKorea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)JeongeupJeonbukRepublic of Korea
| | - Taeho Kwon
- Primate Resources CenterKorea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)JeongeupJeonbukRepublic of Korea
| | - Jungkee Kwon
- Department of Laboratory Animal MedicineCollege of Veterinary MedicineJeonbuk National UniversityIksanJeonbukRepublic of Korea
| | - Ji‐Su Kim
- Primate Resources CenterKorea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)JeongeupJeonbukRepublic of Korea
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2
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Razzuoli E, Chirullo B, De Ciucis CG, Mecocci S, Martini I, Zoccola R, Campanella C, Varello K, Petrucci P, Di Meo A, Bozzetta E, Tarantino M, Goria M, Modesto P. Animal models of Soft Tissue Sarcoma for alternative anticancer therapy studies: characterization of the A-72 Canine Cell Line. Vet Res Commun 2023; 47:1615-1627. [PMID: 37038001 PMCID: PMC10484808 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10115-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Canine Soft Tissue Sarcoma (STS) cell line A-72 has been largely employed for antiviral and antiproliferative studies. However, there are few information on their characteristics. Our aim was to evaluate A-72 expression level of genes and proteins involved in the innate immune response and cell cycle, their ability to respond to infective stressors and their possible use as a cellular model for anti-cancer studies in human and animal medicine. For this purpose, we evaluated the basal expression of immune-related, cell cycle and DNA repair genes on this cell line and tumoral tissues. A-72 ability to respond to a wild-type strain of Salmonella typhimurium was assessed. S. typhimurium showed ability to penetrate A-72 causing pro-inflammatory response accompanied by a decrease of cell viability. IL10 and IL18 genes were not expressed in A-72 while CXCL8, NOS2, CXCR4 and PTEN were highly expressed in all samples and TP53 was slightly expressed, as shown in human STS. Our results outline the ability of A-72 to respond to a bacterial agent by modifying the expression of important genes involved in innate immune response and provide a useful model for in vitro evaluation of new therapeutic approaches that could be translated into the human oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Razzuoli
- National Reference Center of Veterinary and Comparative Oncology (CEROVEC), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria E Valle D’Aosta, Piazza Borgo Pila 39/24, 16129 Genoa, Italy
| | - Barbara Chirullo
- Unit of Emerging Zoonoses Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Grazia De Ciucis
- National Reference Center of Veterinary and Comparative Oncology (CEROVEC), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria E Valle D’Aosta, Piazza Borgo Pila 39/24, 16129 Genoa, Italy
| | - Samanta Mecocci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Isabella Martini
- National Reference Center of Veterinary and Comparative Oncology (CEROVEC), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria E Valle D’Aosta, Piazza Borgo Pila 39/24, 16129 Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberto Zoccola
- National Reference Center of Veterinary and Comparative Oncology (CEROVEC), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria E Valle D’Aosta, Piazza Borgo Pila 39/24, 16129 Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Campanella
- National Reference Center of Veterinary and Comparative Oncology (CEROVEC), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria E Valle D’Aosta, Piazza Borgo Pila 39/24, 16129 Genoa, Italy
| | - Katia Varello
- National Reference Center of Veterinary and Comparative Oncology (CEROVEC), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria E Valle D’Aosta, Piazza Borgo Pila 39/24, 16129 Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Petrucci
- Unit of Emerging Zoonoses Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Meo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Elena Bozzetta
- National Reference Center of Veterinary and Comparative Oncology (CEROVEC), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria E Valle D’Aosta, Piazza Borgo Pila 39/24, 16129 Genoa, Italy
| | - Michela Tarantino
- Unit of Emerging Zoonoses Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Goria
- National Reference Center of Veterinary and Comparative Oncology (CEROVEC), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria E Valle D’Aosta, Piazza Borgo Pila 39/24, 16129 Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Modesto
- National Reference Center of Veterinary and Comparative Oncology (CEROVEC), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria E Valle D’Aosta, Piazza Borgo Pila 39/24, 16129 Genoa, Italy
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Dobromylskyj M. Feline Soft Tissue Sarcomas: A Review of the Classification and Histological Grading, with Comparison to Human and Canine. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12202736. [PMID: 36290122 PMCID: PMC9597747 DOI: 10.3390/ani12202736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Soft tissue sarcomas are a common form of cancer arising in the skin and connective tissues of domestic cats. Soft tissue sarcomas encompass a group of different histological subtypes of tumours, which can behave in a range of different ways in the patient. In dogs and in humans, this group of tumours can be given a histological score (“grade”) at the time of diagnosis, which is prognostic, but there is no equivalent, well-established grading system for these tumours in cats. This review looks at soft tissue sarcomas in terms of which histological subtypes of tumour should be included in this group, and how pathologists approach their grading, comparing feline tumours with their human and canine counterparts. Abstract Soft tissue sarcomas are one of the most commonly diagnosed tumours arising in the skin and subcutis of our domestic cats, and are malignant neoplasms with a range of histological presentations and potential biological behaviours. However, unlike their canine and human counterparts, there is no well-established histological grading system for pathologists to apply to these tumours, in order to provide a more accurate and refined prognosis. The situation is further complicated by the presence of feline injection site sarcomas as an entity, as well as confusion over terminology for this group of tumours and which histological types should be included. There is also an absence of large scale studies. This review looks at these tumours in domestic cats, their classification and histological grading, with comparisons to the human and canine grading system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Dobromylskyj
- Histopathology Department, Finn Pathologists, One Eyed Lane, Weybread, Diss IP21 5TT, Norfolk, UK
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Brady RV, Rebhun RB, Skorupski KA, Burton JH, Al-Nadaf S, Choi E, Willcox JL. Retrospective immunohistochemical investigation of suspected non-visceral leiomyosarcoma in dogs. J Vet Diagn Invest 2022; 34:465-473. [PMID: 35291894 PMCID: PMC9254071 DOI: 10.1177/10406387221083570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral leiomyosarcoma is well described in dogs, but information about non-visceral locations and prevalence is lacking. The diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma is challenging without a gold standard, and often includes the use of immunohistochemical (IHC) stains. We used defined histopathologic patterns, histochemical staining, and IHC staining for smooth muscle actin (SMA), desmin, and laminin to characterize suspected non-visceral leiomyosarcoma in dogs at a single academic institution. In a retrospective search, we identified 24 dogs with a definitive or suspected histologic diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma in a non-visceral location. Histopathology results and clinical details were obtained. Biopsy sections were reviewed by a single pathologist using standardized histologic criteria, including light microscopic appearance, immunohistochemistry (more than two-thirds of neoplastic cells labeled with SMA and desmin or laminin), and histochemical staining (minimal-to-mild matrix deposition by Masson trichrome). Of the 24 cases of possible non-visceral leiomyosarcomas, 4 were consistent with a definitive diagnosis of non-visceral leiomyosarcoma (3) or leiomyoma (1) based on the established criteria. Only the leiomyoma had more than two-thirds of neoplastic cells label with all 3 markers; all 3 leiomyosarcomas had more than two-thirds of neoplastic cells label with SMA and laminin. Our data highlight the uncommon nature of non-visceral leiomyosarcoma and the importance of IHC for their diagnosis. A definitive diagnosis could not be made based on SMA alone, and desmin was not useful in this cohort. Further studies are needed to clarify the histopathologic, IHC, and clinical features of canine non-visceral SMA-positive mesenchymal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel V. Brady
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of
California–Davis, Davis, CA, USA. Current addresses: Department of Clinical
Sciences
| | | | | | - Jenna H. Burton
- Departments of Surgical and Radiological
Sciences
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of
Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort
Collins, CO, USA
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5
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Avallone G, Stefanello D, Ferrari R, Roccabianca P. The controversial histologic classification of canine subcutaneous whorling tumours: The path to perivascular wall tumours. Vet Comp Oncol 2019; 18:3-8. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Avallone
- Department of Veterinary Medical sciences (DIMEVET)University of Bologna Ozzano dell'Emilia Italy
| | - Damiano Stefanello
- Dipartimento di Medicina VeterinariaUniversità degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
| | - Roberta Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Medicina VeterinariaUniversità degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
| | - Paola Roccabianca
- Dipartimento di Medicina VeterinariaUniversità degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy
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6
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Kravitz A, Davis G, Bastian RP, Fittipaldi K. Outcome and Prognostic Indicators for Hemangiopericytomas in Dogs: 167 Cases (2009-2016). J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2019; 55:194-200. [PMID: 31099606 DOI: 10.5326/jaaha-ms-6807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This retrospective study evaluated the postoperative outcome and clinical parameters associated with prognosis in 167 client-owned dogs with 167 hemangiopericytomas. Parameters that were reviewed for an association with long-term outcome included signalment, clinical history, results of staging tests, tumor and surgical variables, and administration of adjunctive therapy. History of previous surgery, type of surgery performed, status of surgical margins, tumor location, and whether adjunctive therapy was performed were associated with tumor recurrence. The distal forelimb was the most common location reported overall (46/167 [27.5%]). Dogs with tumors located at the tail/perineum had the fastest recurrence rate, with a median disease-free interval of ∼16 mo (505 days). Tumor grade alone was not associated with recurrence (P = .069), but when analyzing tumor grade and margin, low-grade tumors with dirty margins had a significantly shorter time to recurrence than low-grade tumors with either clean or narrow margins. Tumor location should be considered when assessing the treatment plan and follow-up recommendations for any hemangiopericytomas. Aggressive initial surgical treatment is recommended when possible to reduce the chance of local tumor recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Kravitz
- From the Surgery Department, Red Bank Veterinary Hospital, Tinton Falls, New Jersey (A.K., G.D.); and Department of Mathematics, Monmouth University, West Long Branch, New Jersey (R.P.B., K.F.)
| | - Garrett Davis
- From the Surgery Department, Red Bank Veterinary Hospital, Tinton Falls, New Jersey (A.K., G.D.); and Department of Mathematics, Monmouth University, West Long Branch, New Jersey (R.P.B., K.F.)
| | - Richard P Bastian
- From the Surgery Department, Red Bank Veterinary Hospital, Tinton Falls, New Jersey (A.K., G.D.); and Department of Mathematics, Monmouth University, West Long Branch, New Jersey (R.P.B., K.F.)
| | - Kelsey Fittipaldi
- From the Surgery Department, Red Bank Veterinary Hospital, Tinton Falls, New Jersey (A.K., G.D.); and Department of Mathematics, Monmouth University, West Long Branch, New Jersey (R.P.B., K.F.)
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7
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Abstract
Pet dogs are becoming increasingly recognized as a population with the potential to inform medical research through their treatment for a variety of maladies by veterinary health professionals. This is the basis of the One Health initiative, supporting the idea of collaboration between human and animal health researchers and clinicians to study spontaneous disease processes and treatment in animals to inform human health. Cancer is a major health burden in pet dogs, accounting for approximately 30% of deaths across breeds. As such, pet dogs with cancer are becoming increasingly recognized as a resource for studying the pharmacology and therapeutic potential of anticancer drugs and therapies under development. This was recently highlighted by a National Academy of Medicine Workshop on Comparative Oncology that took place in mid-2015 (http://www.nap.edu/21830). One component of cancer burden in dogs is their significantly higher incidence of sarcomas as compared to humans. This increased incidence led to canine osteosarcoma being an important component in the development of surgical approaches for osteosarcoma in children. Included in this review of sarcomas in dogs is a description of the incidence, pathology, molecular characteristics and previous translational therapeutic studies associated with these tumors. An understanding of the patho-physiological and molecular characteristics of these naturally occurring canine sarcomas holds great promise for effective incorporation into drug development schemas, for evaluation of target modulation or other pharmacodynamic measures associated with therapeutic response. These data could serve to supplement other preclinical data and bolster clinical investigations in tumor types for which there is a paucity of human patients for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Gustafson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Dawn L Duval
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Daniel P Regan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Douglas H Thamm
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Flint Animal Cancer Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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8
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Pucket JD, Allbaugh RA, Higginbotham ML, Rankin AJ, Teixeira L. Metastatic intraocular hemangiopericytoma in a dog. Open Vet J 2017; 7:132-138. [PMID: 28652979 PMCID: PMC5471746 DOI: 10.4314/ovj.v7i2.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 10-year-old Labrador Retriever who had been undergoing therapy for a recurrent hemangiopericytoma of the right flank presented to the Kansas State University Ophthalmology service for evaluation of a painful left eye. Examination revealed secondary glaucoma and irreversible blindness of the affected eye and multifocal chorioretinal lesions in the fellow eye. Therapeutic and diagnostic enucleation of the left eye was performed and histopathologic examination demonstrated the presence of a presumed metastatic spindle cell sarcoma. Further immunohistochemical staining confirmed the intraocular neoplasia to be metastatic spread from the previously removed flank mass. Rapid progression in size and number of chorioretinal lesions in the right eye was noted in the post-operative period until the patient was euthanized one month after surgery. This case report is the first to document intraocular metastasis of hemangiopericytoma in a veterinary patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D. Pucket
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Rachel A. Allbaugh
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Mary L. Higginbotham
- Department of Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Amy J. Rankin
- Department of Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Leandro Teixeira
- Department of Pathological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA
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9
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Boerkamp KM, Hellmén E, Willén H, Grinwis GCM, Teske E, Rutteman GR. Unclassified sarcomas: a study to improve classification in a cohort of Golden Retriever dogs. J Vet Diagn Invest 2016; 28:623-631. [PMID: 27698172 DOI: 10.1177/1040638716660130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphologically, canine soft-tissue sarcomas (STSs) resemble human STSs. In humans, proper classification of STSs is considered essential to improve insight in the biology of these tumors, and to optimize diagnosis and therapy. To date, there is a paucity of data published on the significance of detailed classification of STSs in the dog. We revised a cohort (n = 110) of proliferative lesions obtained from a study in Golden Retrievers that were considered "soft tissue sarcoma, not otherwise specified or of uncertain subtype" in order to optimize the diagnoses of these lesions. The criteria according to the veterinary WHO classification, recent veterinary literature, and the WHO classification for humans were applied. Revision was initially based on morphologic characteristics of hematoxylin and eosin-stained histologic sections of the neoplasms. If considered necessary (n = 76), additional immunohistochemistry was applied to aid characterization. The diagnosis of STS was confirmed in 75 neoplasms (68%). Of this group, diagnosis of a specific subtype of the STSs was possible in 58 neoplasms. Seven neoplasms had morphologic characteristics that were suggestive for sarcoma subtypes only described in the WHO classification for humans. Seventeen neoplasms remained "unclassified STSs." Thirty-one lesions (28%) were diagnosed "neoplasm, not being STS." Four lesions (4%) were considered nonneoplastic. Because incorrect classification of a tumor could lead to inappropriate therapeutic intervention and prognostication, the results of our study clearly illustrate the importance of revision and further diagnosis of "unclassified STSs" in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim M Boerkamp
- Departments of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals (Boerkamp, Teske), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsPathobiology (Grinwis), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden (Hellmén)University Hospital, Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Uppsala, Sweden (Willén)Oncology Section, Veterinary Specialist Center De Wagenrenk, Wageningen, The Netherlands (Rutteman)
| | - Eva Hellmén
- Departments of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals (Boerkamp, Teske), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsPathobiology (Grinwis), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden (Hellmén)University Hospital, Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Uppsala, Sweden (Willén)Oncology Section, Veterinary Specialist Center De Wagenrenk, Wageningen, The Netherlands (Rutteman)
| | - Helena Willén
- Departments of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals (Boerkamp, Teske), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsPathobiology (Grinwis), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden (Hellmén)University Hospital, Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Uppsala, Sweden (Willén)Oncology Section, Veterinary Specialist Center De Wagenrenk, Wageningen, The Netherlands (Rutteman)
| | - Guy C M Grinwis
- Departments of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals (Boerkamp, Teske), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsPathobiology (Grinwis), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden (Hellmén)University Hospital, Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Uppsala, Sweden (Willén)Oncology Section, Veterinary Specialist Center De Wagenrenk, Wageningen, The Netherlands (Rutteman)
| | - Erik Teske
- Departments of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals (Boerkamp, Teske), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsPathobiology (Grinwis), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden (Hellmén)University Hospital, Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Uppsala, Sweden (Willén)Oncology Section, Veterinary Specialist Center De Wagenrenk, Wageningen, The Netherlands (Rutteman)
| | - Gerard R Rutteman
- Departments of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals (Boerkamp, Teske), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsPathobiology (Grinwis), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden (Hellmén)University Hospital, Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Uppsala, Sweden (Willén)Oncology Section, Veterinary Specialist Center De Wagenrenk, Wageningen, The Netherlands (Rutteman)
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10
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Zarfoss MK, Klauss G, Newkirk K, Kiupel M, Jones Y, Colitz CMH, Dubielzig RR. Uveal Spindle Cell Tumor of Blue-Eyed Dogs: An Immunohistochemical Study. Vet Pathol 2016; 44:276-84. [PMID: 17491068 DOI: 10.1354/vp.44-3-276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Immunohistochemical techniques were used to investigate the origin of a spindle cell tumor in the anterior uveal tract of dogs and the influence of ultraviolet radiation on the development of this tumor. Thirteen tumors were identified from the 4,007 canine ocular samples examined at the Comparative Ocular Pathology Laboratory of Wisconsin between 1978 and 2005. Siberian Husky and Siberian Husky mix dogs were overrepresented (10/13 dogs, overall median age 10 years). Light microscopic evaluation (all dogs) and electron microscopy (2 dogs) were performed. Immunohistochemical staining included alpha-smooth muscle actin (SMA), vimentin, S-100, desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Melan A, microphthalmic transcription factor (MITF-1), protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), laminin, gadd45, p53, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), anti-UVssDNA (antibody for detection of (6–4)-dipyrimidine photoproducts), and telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT). All tumors occurred in the iris with or without ciliary body involvement and were composed of spindle cells arranged in fascicles and whorls (variable Antoni A and B behavior). All tumors were positive when immunostained for vimentin and S-100. Nine of 13 tumors exhibited GFAP immunopositivity. All tumors were negative for SMA, desmin, Melan A, and MITF-1. Tumors were variably positive for PGP 9.5, laminin, gadd45, p53, PCNA, anti-UVssDNA, and TERT. Electron microscopy revealed intermittent basal laminae between cells. These tumors are morphologically and immunohistochemically most consistent with schwannoma. The relationship between spindle cell tumors of the anterior uvea of dogs, altered neural crest, blue iris color, and ultraviolet radiation has not yet been fully elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Zarfoss
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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11
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Speltz MC, Manivel JC, Tobias AH, Hayden DW. Primary Cardiac Fibrosarcoma with Pulmonary Metastasis in a Labrador Retriever. Vet Pathol 2016; 44:403-7. [PMID: 17491088 DOI: 10.1354/vp.44-3-403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A 6–year-old, neutered male Labrador Retriever was diagnosed with congestive heart failure, and an echocardiogram revealed a large mass inside the pericardial sac associated with the left ventricle. At necropsy, the dog had marked ascites, mild hydrothorax, marked hydropericardium, and an 11.0 X 7.0 X 6.0 cm, tan and red, firm, well-demarcated mass attached to the left ventricular free wall. The mass was diagnosed as a fibrosarcoma based on the morphologic appearance and supportive immunohistochemical staining. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a primary fibrosarcoma involving the left ventricular free wall myocardium, epicardium, and pericardium with a pulmonary metastasis in a dog.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Speltz
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
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12
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Avallone G, Helmbold P, Caniatti M, Stefanello D, Nayak RC, Roccabianca P. The Spectrum of Canine Cutaneous Perivascular Wall Tumors: Morphologic, Phenotypic and Clinical Characterization. Vet Pathol 2016; 44:607-20. [PMID: 17846233 DOI: 10.1354/vp.44-5-607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Perivascular wall tumors (PWTs) are defined as neoplasms deriving from mural cells of blood vessels, excluding the endothelial lining. The spectrum of human cutaneous PWT includes glomus tumor, hemangiopericytoma (HEP), myopericytoma, angioleiomyoma/sarcoma, angiomyofibroblastoma, and angiofibroma. The purpose of this study was to revise clinical presentation, cytology, histopathology, and immunohistology of canine cutaneous PWT with cytology typical of canine HEP. Diagnosis was established on the basis of vascular growth patterns (staghorn, placentoid, perivascular whorling, bundles from media) and immunohistology, including 7 smooth muscle markers and the cell membrane ganglioside of unknown origin recognized by the antibody 3G5 (CMG-3G5). Twenty cases were included. Ages ranged from 6 to 13 years; 12 dogs were males and 8 were females, and there was a prevalence of crossbreeds. Tumors arose from a single site with preferential acral location (10/20). Cytology revealed moderate to high cellularity in all cases, cohesive groups of cells (19/20), capillaries (18/20), and bi- to multinucleated cells (18/20). Six myopericytomas, 5 angioleiomyomas, 2 angioleiomyosarcomas, 2 HEP, 1 angiofibroma, and 1 adventitial tumor were identified. A definitive diagnosis was not possible in 3 cases. Smoothelin, heavy caldesmon, desmin, myosin, calponin, and CMG-3G5 were the most valuable markers to differentially diagnose canine PWT. Similar to reports in humans, canine HEP embodied a spectrum of neoplastic entities arising from different vascular mural cells. Before canine PWTs are assimilated into one prognostic category, a consistent classification and characterization of their biology is necessary. As proposed in humans, HEP should also be considered a diagnosis of exclusion in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Avallone
- DiPAV--Sezione Anatomia Patologica Veterinaria e Patologia Aviare, Facolta' di Medicina Veterinaria, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milano, Italy
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13
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Kang SK, Park NY, Cho HS, Shin SS, Kang MI, Kim SK, Hyun C, Park IC, Kim JT, Jeong C, Park SH, Park SJ, Jeong JH, Kim YJ, Ochiai K, Umemura T, Cho KO. Relationship between DNA Ploidy and Proliferative Cell Nuclear Antigen Index in Canine Hemangiopericytoma. J Vet Diagn Invest 2016; 18:211-4. [PMID: 16617706 DOI: 10.1177/104063870601800214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitotic index is reported to be correlated with recurrence, mean patient survival, and metastasis of canine hemangiopericytoma (CHP). However, to the authors' knowledge, studies investigating the parameters that can predict recurrence or metastasis of CHP with low mitotic index have not been done. To evaluate growth kinetics of CHP with low mitotic index, a retrospective analysis of the proliferative activity by antiproliferative cell nuclear antigen monoclonal antibody and DNA contents by flow cytometry (FCM) was performed with 21 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded CHP samples. Of the 21 tumors evaluated by FCM, 6 (26.6%) were aneuploid tumors, and 15 (71.4%) were diploid tumors. There was significant correlation between the PCNA index and ploidy pattern. The diploid group had 39.1 ± 9.2 PCNA index, whereas the aneuploid group's proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) index was 63.1 ± 8.2. The diploid group had mean mitotic index value of 1.140 ± 0.855, and the aneuploid group had a mean value of 1.067 ± 0.767. From these results, the CHP samples with low mitotic index were classified into either the aneuploid group with higher PCNA index or the diploid group with lower PCNA index, suggesting that DNA ploidy and proliferative activity may give an indication about malignancy of CHPs with a low mitotic index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Kwi Kang
- Veterinary Medical Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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14
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Perivascular Wall Tumor in the Brain of a Dog. Case Rep Vet Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1155/2015/725985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A 9-year-old spayed female German shepherd mixed-breed dog presented for seizures. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an irregularly marginated intraparenchymal cerebral mass. Microscopic examination of brain tissue collected postmortem demonstrated perivascular whorling and interwoven bundles of spindle-shaped cells. On immunohistochemistry, the tumor cells tested positive for vimentin and negative for factor VIII-related antigen, CD18, CD45, CD3, CD20, GFAP, S-100, and desmin. Immunohistochemistry results, in combination with histopathologic morphology, were suggestive of a perivascular wall tumor. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case report to utilize both histopathology and immunohistochemistry to describe a perivascular wall tumor in the brain of a dog.
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15
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Sayama A, Okado K, Imaoka M, Yokouchi Y, Jindo T, Takasaki W. Subcutaneous soft tissue sarcoma with rhabdoid features in a dog. J Toxicol Pathol 2014; 27:131-8. [PMID: 25352714 PMCID: PMC4110937 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2013-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A nine-year-old male beagle dog had a white spherical mass in the subcutis of the left lumbar region. Microscopically, spindle to oval cells diffusely proliferated in the fibrous and myxoid stroma. Many neoplastic cells showed rhabdoid features or vacuolated cytoplasm. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive for vimentin and S100 and partly positive for neuron-specific enolase and glial fibrillary acidic protein but were negative for von Willebrand factor, desmin and α-smooth muscle actin. Ultrastructurally, the neoplastic cells had abundant cytoplasmic processes and desmosome-like structures. Cytoplasmic inclusions of rhabdoid-featured cells in HE sections were composed of aggregates of intermediate filaments, and cytoplasmic vacuoles were identified as an invagination of cytoplasm. Although malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor was suggested according to these results, the present case was diagnosed as a soft tissue sarcoma with rhabdoid features due to a lack of identification of the basal lamina under electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Sayama
- Medicinal Safety Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 16-13 Kita-Kasai 1-Chome, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-8630, Japan
| | - Keiko Okado
- Biological Research Department, Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare Co., Ltd., 16-13 Kita-Kasai 1-Chome, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-8630, Japan
| | - Masako Imaoka
- Medicinal Safety Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 16-13 Kita-Kasai 1-Chome, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-8630, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yokouchi
- Medicinal Safety Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 16-13 Kita-Kasai 1-Chome, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-8630, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Jindo
- Medicinal Safety Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 16-13 Kita-Kasai 1-Chome, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-8630, Japan
| | - Wataru Takasaki
- Medicinal Safety Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 16-13 Kita-Kasai 1-Chome, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-8630, Japan
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16
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Suzuki S, Uchida K, Nakayama H. The effects of tumor location on diagnostic criteria for canine malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) and the markers for distinction between canine MPNSTs and canine perivascular wall tumors. Vet Pathol 2014; 51:722-36. [PMID: 24009270 DOI: 10.1177/0300985813501336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Canine malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) occur not only in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) but also in soft tissue and various organs (non-PNS). The most important diagnostic criterion is proof of peripheral nerve sheath origin. This is difficult in non-PNS MPNSTs, and its differential diagnosis is challenging. Canine perivascular wall tumors (PWTs) also commonly arise in soft tissue. Their histopathological features are quite similar to those of canine MPNSTs, making their differential diagnosis challenging. To elucidate whether the morphological features are applicable to diagnose non-PNS MPNSTs and to demonstrate useful markers for distinction between canine MPNSTs and PWTs, the authors examined 30 canine MPNSTs and 31 PWTs immunohistochemically for S100, nestin, NGFR, Olig2, claudin-1, CD57, PRX, α-SMA, desmin, and calponin. Among canine MPNSTs, the PNS tumors displayed significantly higher S100 and Olig2 expression than the non-PNS tumors. The expression levels of the other markers did not differ significantly, suggesting that the same morphological diagnostic criteria are applicable regardless of their location. The PWT cells displayed significantly weaker immunoreactivity than MPNSTs to markers used except α-SMA and desmin. Cluster analysis sorted most canine MPNSTs and PWTs into 2 distinctly different clusters, whereas 3 MPNSTs and 6 PWTs were assigned to the opposing cluster. These 3 MPNSTs were negative for almost all markers, while these 6 PWTs were positive for only neuronal markers. In particular, NGFR and Olig2 were almost negative in the rest of PWT cases. These findings suggest that NGFR and Olig2 are useful to distinguish these 2 tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Suzuki
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Uchida
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Nakayama
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Meyer A, Klopfleisch R. Multiple Polymerase Chain Reaction Markers for the Differentiation of Canine Cutaneous Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumours versus Canine Fibrosarcomas. J Comp Pathol 2014; 150:198-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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18
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Velloso A, Cuesta‐Garcia N, Gracia LA, Gonzalez J, Argüelles D. Mesenteric haemangiopericytoma as a cause of ileal strangulation in a horse. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/vetreccr-2014-000067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Velloso
- Milton Equine HospitalCampbellvilleOntarioCanada
| | | | | | - Jorge Gonzalez
- Micros Veterinaria SLLaboratorio de Diagnóstico AnatomopatológicoLeónSpain
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19
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Vidaña B, Majó N, Pérez M, Montoya M, Martorell J, Martínez J. Immune System Cells in Healthy Ferrets. Vet Pathol 2013; 51:775-86. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985813502815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The ferret has emerged as an excellent animal model to characterize several physiologic and pathologic conditions. The distribution and characterization of different types of immune system cells were studied in healthy ferret tissues. Eight primary antibodies were tested for immunohistochemistry in formalin-fixed tissues: anti-CD3, anti-CD79α, anti-CD20, anti-HLA-DR, anti-lysozyme, anti-CD163, anti-SWC3, and anti-Mac387. The anti-CD3 antibody labeled T cells mainly in interfollicular and paracortical areas of lymph nodes, cortex and thymic medulla, and periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths in the spleen. The anti-CD79α and anti-CD20 antibodies immunolabeled B cells located in lymphoid follicles at lymph nodes, spleen, and Peyer patches. The CD79α and CD20 antibodies also labeled cells with nonlymphoid morphology in atypical B-cell locations. The anti-HLA-DR antibody labeled macrophages, some populations of B and T lymphocytes, and different populations of dendritic cells in lymph nodes, Peyer patches, spleen, and thymus. The anti-lysozyme antibody immunolabeled macrophages in the liver, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus. The Mac-387, CD163, and SWC3 antibodies did not show any positive reaction in formalin-fixed or frozen tissues. To elucidate the origin of the uncommon CD79α/CD20 positive cells, a double immunohistochemistry was carried out using the anti-HLA-DR + the anti-CD79α, the anti-HLA-DR + the anti-CD20, and the anti-lysozyme + the anti-CD79α antibodies. Double labeling was mainly observed when the anti-HLA-DR + the anti-CD79α antibodies were combined. The immunohistologic characterization and distribution of these immune system cells in healthy ferret tissues should be of value in future comparative studies of diseases in ferrets.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Vidaña
- Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Spain
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Spain
| | - N. Majó
- Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Spain
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Spain
| | - M. Pérez
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Spain
| | - M. Montoya
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Spain
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaria (IRTA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Martorell
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Spain
| | - J. Martínez
- Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Spain
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20
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Fujii Y, Tsuchiya T, Morita R, Kimura M, Suzuki K, Machida N, Mitsumori K, Shibutani M. Tumour endothelial marker-1 is expressed in canine Haemangiopericytomas. J Comp Pathol 2013; 149:172-81. [PMID: 23489680 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2012.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2012] [Revised: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize immunohistochemically 18 cases of canine haemangiopericytoma (CHP) using two new candidate markers for pericytes, tumour endothelial marker (TEM)-1 and new glue (NG)-2, as well as the conventional mesenchymal cellular markers, vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), desmin and von Willebrand factor (vWF). Because pericytes may have the same origin as endothelial or smooth muscle cells or the same differentiation potential as myofibroblasts, 17 cases of leiomyosarcoma (LMS), 20 cases of haemangiosarcoma (HS) and three cases of myofibroblastic sarcoma (MFS) were also examined. Expression of TEM-1 by >10% of the neoplastic population was observed in 94.4% (17/18) of haemangiopericytomas, 23.5% (4/17) of LMSs, 30.0% (6/20) of HSs and 66.7% (2/3) of MFSs. NG-2 expression by >10% of the neoplastic population was observed in 16.7% (3/18) of haemangiopericytomas, 52.9% (9/17) of LMSs, 0% (0/20) of HSs and 33.3% (1/3) of MFSs. Vimentin was expressed by all of tumours. In haemangiopericytoma, the incidence of positive immunoreactivity in >10% of the neoplastic population was 5.6% (1/18) for both α-SMA and desmin and 0% (0/18) for vWF. Considering the phenotypic features of cells expressing TEM-1, CHPs are thought to originate from immature vascular mural cells sharing their phenotype with myofibroblasts. NG-2 expression may be a phenotype of smooth muscle cells rather than pericytes in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Fujii
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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21
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Tsuchiya T, Suzuki K, Hojo Y, Shiraki A, Imaoka M, Shibutani M, Mitsumori K. Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma of the maxillary region in a dog. J Comp Pathol 2012; 147:42-5. [PMID: 21996034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Revised: 08/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A subcutaneous tumour was identified in the maxillary region of a 14-year-old mixed breed dog. This tumour had grown rapidly over 2 weeks. Microscopically, the tumour had ill-defined borders and was composed of bundles and whorls of atypical spindle cells accompanied by abundant collagen fibres. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells were immunoreactive for vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin and calponin and negative for S100 protein, von Willebrand factor, desmin and smoothelin. These results suggested that the neoplastic cells were derived from myofibroblasts and that the tumour was a low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tsuchiya
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Stefanello D, Avallone G, Ferrari R, Roccabianca P, Boracchi P. Canine Cutaneous Perivascular Wall Tumors at First Presentation: Clinical Behavior and Prognostic Factors in 55 Cases. J Vet Intern Med 2011; 25:1398-405. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.00822.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Revised: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - G. Avallone
- Dipartimento di Patologia Animale Igiene e Sanità Pubblica Veterinaria; Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria
| | - R. Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Veterinarie
| | - P. Roccabianca
- Dipartimento di Patologia Animale Igiene e Sanità Pubblica Veterinaria; Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria
| | - P. Boracchi
- Sezione di Statistica Medica e Biometria G.A. Maccacaro; Dipartimento di Medicina del Lavoro; clinica del lavoro “L. Devoto”; Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan; Italy
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23
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Chi JT, Thrall DE, Jiang C, Snyder S, Fels D, Landon C, McCall L, Lan L, Hauck M, MacFall JR, Viglianti BL, Dewhirst MW. Comparison of genomics and functional imaging from canine sarcomas treated with thermoradiotherapy predicts therapeutic response and identifies combination therapeutics. Clin Cancer Res 2011; 17:2549-60. [PMID: 21292819 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-2583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE While hyperthermia is an effective adjuvant treatment to radiotherapy, we do not completely understand the nature of the response heterogeneity. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We performed gene expression analysis of 22 spontaneous canine sarcomas before and after the first hyperthermia treatment administered as an adjuvant to radiotherapy. In parallel, diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) was done prior to the treatment course and at the end of therapy. RESULTS From the integrative analysis of gene expression and DWI, we identified significant correlation between tumor responses with genes involved in VEGF signaling, telomerase, DNA repair, and inflammation. The treatment-induced changes in gene expression identified 2 distinct tumor subtypes with significant differences in their gene expression and treatment response, as defined by changes in DWI. The 2 tumor subtypes could also be readily identified by pretreatment gene expression. The tumor subtypes, with stronger expression response and DWI increase, had higher levels of HSP70, POT1, and centrosomal proteins, and lower levels of CD31, vWF, and transferrin. Such differential gene expression between the 2 subtypes was used to interrogate connectivity map and identify linkages to an HSP90 inhibitor, geldanamycin. We further validated the ability of geldanamycin to enhance cell killing of human tumor cells with hyperthermia and radiotherapy in clonogenic assays. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is one of the first successful attempts to link changes in gene expression and functional imaging to understand the response heterogeneity and identify compounds enhancing thermoradiotherapy. This study also demonstrates the value of canine tumors to provide information generalizable to human tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Tsan Chi
- Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy, Department of Molecular Genetics & Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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24
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Dennis MM, McSporran KD, Bacon NJ, Schulman FY, Foster RA, Powers BE. Prognostic Factors for Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Soft Tissue Sarcomas in Dogs. Vet Pathol 2010; 48:73-84. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985810388820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. M. Dennis
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - N. J. Bacon
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - F. Y. Schulman
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC, and Marshfield Labs, Veterinary Services, Marshfield, Wisconsin
| | - R. A. Foster
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - B. E. Powers
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
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25
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Bergmann W, Burgener I, Roccabianca P, Rytz U, Welle M. Primary Splenic Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumour in a Dog. J Comp Pathol 2009; 141:195-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2009.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2008] [Revised: 02/13/2009] [Accepted: 03/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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26
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Park CH, Kozima D, Tsuzuki N, Ishi Y, Oyamada T. Malignant glomus tumour in a German shepherd dog. Vet Dermatol 2009; 20:127-30. [PMID: 19220826 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2008.00714.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A solitary mass, 2.5 cm x 2.5 cm x 2.0 cm in size, was found in the subcutis adjacent to the ischial tuberosity of an 8-year-old male German shepherd dog. The excised mass was not encapsulated and the cut surface was solid, grey-white and had multiple red areas suggestive of haemorrhage. Microscopically, the neoplasm was composed of epithelioid cells interspersed with venous vessels of various sizes and irregular bundles of spindle-shaped tumour cells with mucinous stroma. The nuclei showed anisokaryosis and many mitotic figures were noted. Immunohistochemically, the majority of tumour cells were positive for alpha smooth-muscle actin and vimentin, but negative for cytokeratin, desmin, S-100 and factor VIII-related antigen. Ultrastructurally, the tumour cells contained irregular nuclei, few mitochondria, few rough endoplasmic reticulum, cytoplasmic myofilaments of intermediate density, pinocytotic vesicles and distinct basal lamina. Based on these pathological findings, the diagnosis was malignant glomus tumour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ho Park
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, 23-35-1 Higashi, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan.
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27
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Johnston CJ, Deveney MR, Bayly T, Nowak BF. Gross and histopathological characteristics of two lipomas and a neurofibrosarcoma detected in aquacultured southern bluefin tuna, Thunnus maccoyii (Castelnau), in South Australia. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2008; 31:241-247. [PMID: 18353015 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2007.00863.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Three visible lesions were examined from two specimens of southern bluefin tuna. The lesions were examined grossly and two were identified as lipomas, the third bore similarities to a schwannoma. Histopathology confirmed that two consisted of mature adipocytes consistent with a diagnosis of lipoma. The third lesion consisted of spindle cells in Antoni A and B patterns and was tentatively diagnosed as a malignant schwannoma. Immunohistochemistry identified both S100 and glial fibrillary acid protein expression within the lesion, which, together with the histopathological appearance, is consistent with a diagnosis of neurofibrosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Johnston
- Primary Industries and Resources South Australia, Aquaculture, Aquatic Animal Health Unit, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
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28
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Garmatz B, Viott A, Silva C, Mazzanti A, Santarosa I, Ramos A, Maiorka P, Graça D. Nódulos fibro-histiocíticos no baço de uma cadela: relato de caso. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2007. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-09352007000300019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Descreve-se a ocorrência de múltiplos nódulos fibro-histiocíticos no baço de uma cadela Rottweiler, de sete anos. O diagnóstico foi feito por histopatologia e confirmado por imunoistoquímica positiva para ED1, CD18, vimentina e lisozima. O animal foi sacrificado três meses após o diagnóstico, por severo agravamento dos sinais clínicos.
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29
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IJzer J, Roskams T, Molenbeek RF, Ultee T, Penning LC, Rothuizen J, van den Ingh TSGAM. Morphological characterisation of portal myofibroblasts and hepatic stellate cells in the normal dog liver. COMPARATIVE HEPATOLOGY 2006; 5:7. [PMID: 17109742 PMCID: PMC1660578 DOI: 10.1186/1476-5926-5-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2005] [Accepted: 11/16/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Hepatic fibrosis is a common outcome of hepatic injury in both man and dog. Activated fibroblasts which develop myofibroblastic characteristics play an essential role in hepatic fibrogenesis, and are comprised of three subpopulations: 1) portal or septal myofibroblasts, 2) interface myofibroblasts and 3) the perisinusoidally located hepatic stellate cells (HSC). The present study was performed to investigate the immunohistochemical characteristics of canine portal myofibroblasts (MF) and HSC in the normal unaffected liver as a basis for further studies on fibrogenesis in canine liver disease. Results In the formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded normal canine liver vimentin showed staining of hepatic fibroblasts, probably including MF in portal areas and around hepatic veins; however, HSC were in general negative. Desmin proved to react with both portal MF and HSC. A unique feature of these HSC was the positive immunostaining for alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and muscle-specific actin clone HHF35 (HHF35), also portal MF stained positive with these antibodies. Synaptophysin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were consistently negative in the normal canine liver. In a frozen chronic hepatitis case (with expected activated hepatic MF and HSC), HSC were negative to synaptophysin, GFAP and NCAM. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) immunogold labelling for α-SMA and HHF35 recognized the positive cells as HSC situated in the space of Disse. Conclusion In the normal formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded canine liver hepatic portal MF and HSC can be identified by α-SMA, HHF35 and to a lesser extent desmin immunostaining. These antibodies can thus be used in further studies on hepatic fibrosis. Synaptophysin, GFAP and NCAM do not seem suitable for marking of canine HSC. The positivity of HSC for α-SMA and HHF35 in the normal canine liver may eventually reflect a more active regulation of hepatic sinusoidal flow by these HSC compared to other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jooske IJzer
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Tania Roskams
- Laboratory of Morphology and Molecular Pathology, University of Leuven (K.U. Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ronald F Molenbeek
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Ton Ultee
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Louis C Penning
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Rothuizen
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
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30
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Abstract
A 9-year-old female Yorkshire terrier with lameness of the hind leg was examined at the local animal hospital in Gwangju, Republic of Korea on March, 2004. The radiological findings revealed a mass between the urinary bladder and cervix of the uterus. The encapsulated pelvic mass, measuring 4.0 x 3.0 x 2.5 cm was surgically removed. Grossly, the mass was white and firm and microscopically showed a perivascular whorled pattern of spindle cells. By immunohistochemistry, tumour cells tested positive for vimentin and alpha-smooth muscle actin, and negative for desmin, S-100, lysozyme and cytokeratin. The tumour was diagnosed both histologically and immunohistochemically as a haemangiopericytoma. There were no signs of recurrence within 12 months after surgery. This is the first case report of a haemangiopericytoma in the pelvic cavity of a dog.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Cho
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju City, Korea
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31
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Abstract
A subcutaneous mass at the digit of the left-hind limb of a 12-year-old, male mongrel dog was examined. A white firm mass, approximately 1 x 2 cm in diameter, was excided surgically. Histopathologically, the mass formed multiple nodules consisting of mixed proliferation of round epithelioid cells arranged in cord or sheet-like structures and small spindle cells forming loose irregular bundles. The epithelioid cells often showed proliferation around the blood vessels. A few giant cells scattering in the neoplastic foci were observed. The neoplastic cells were positive for alpha-smooth muscle actin and vimentin, and were negative for cytokeratin (AE1/AE3), desmin, factor-VIII related antigen, S-100 protein, and neuron specific enolase. On the basis of these findings, this tumor was diagnosed as glomus tumor. Since the present neoplasm had neither recurrence nor distal metastasis during the 12 month after surgical resection, the biological natures of the present neoplasm are supposed to be benign.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoriko Furuya
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
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32
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Chijiwa K, Uchida K, Tateyama S. Immunohistochemical evaluation of canine peripheral nerve sheath tumors and other soft tissue sarcomas. Vet Pathol 2004; 41:307-18. [PMID: 15232130 DOI: 10.1354/vp.41-4-307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Seventeen cases of canine peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNSTs), 11 malignant PNSTs (MPNSTs), and six benign PNSTs (BPNSTs) were examined. The prognosis in five of six dogs with BPNSTs was excellent, whereas all dogs with MPNSTs died within 2 years after the last surgical resection. One BPNST formed a recurrent mass with features of a MPNST. Histopathologically, the predominant tumor cell of MPNSTs was either spindle or round in shape with epithelioid characteristics. Other atypical cells had abundant granular cytoplasm or were multinucleated giant cells with periodic acid-Schiff-positive cytoplasmic globules. Furthermore, two MPNSTs contained cartilaginous and osseous metaplasia. On the contrary, most BPNSTs exhibited typical features of schwannoma or neurofibroma, whereas two BPNSTs had atypical morphology. One BPNST consisted of epithelioid cell proliferation with some tumor cells revealing nuclear atypia. Immunohistochemically, the expression of vimentin (100%), S-100 (73%), nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR, 64%), and myoglobin (64%) was commonly found in MPNSTs. The two BPNSTs with atypical histologic appearances were positive for vimentin, S-100, NGFR, and neuron-specific enolase, and one of these had moderate immunoreactivity for cytokeratin. Most BPNSTs were positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein, as well as S-100 and NGFR. Although most rhabdomyosarcomas (RMSs) and canine hemangiopericytomas (CHPs) also showed focal immunoreactivity for S-100, most RMSs were intensely positive for myoglobin and negative for NGFR. Most CHPs (80%) exhibited focal alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) expression, whereas all PNSTs were negative. These results indicate that immunohistochemistry for NGFR and alpha-SMA might be useful for differentiating canine PNSTs from RMSs or CHPs, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chijiwa
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University, Japan
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33
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Abstract
Cutaneous smooth muscle tumors may arise from arrector pili muscles and from smooth muscles of the dermal vasculature. This report describes histologic and immunohistochemical features of eight arrector pili hamartomas in 8 dogs, 15 piloleiomyomas in 10 dogs and 3 cats, 10 piloleiomyosarcomas in 9 dogs and 1 cat, 1 angioleiomyoma in 1 cat, and 9 angioleiomyosarcomas in 6 dogs and 3 cats. Hamartomas and tumors arising from arrector pili muscles preferentially originated from the dorsal trunk. 5/5 (100%) arrector pili hamartomas, 10/12 (83%) piloleiomyomas, 4/5 (80%) piloleiomyosarcomas, 1/1 (100%) angioleiomyoma, and 6/7 (86%) angioleiomyosarcomas were positive for smooth muscle actin. 5/5 (100%) arrector pili hamartomas, 10/12 (83%) piloleiomyomas, 4/5 (80%) piloleiomyosarcomas, 1/1 (100%) angioleiomyoma, and 1/7 (14%) angioleiomyosarcomas were positive for desmin. Two incompletely excised canine angioleiomyosarcomas recurred locally. Metastases were not reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Liu
- IDEXX Veterinary Services, 2825 KOVR Drive, West Sacramento, CA 95605, USA.
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34
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Choi C, Kusewitt DF. Comparison of tyrosinase-related protein-2, S-100, and Melan A immunoreactivity in canine amelanotic melanomas. Vet Pathol 2004; 40:713-8. [PMID: 14608029 DOI: 10.1354/vp.40-6-713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2) is a highly conserved melanogenic enzyme expressed in both pigmented and unpigmented melanomas of the mouse. To determine whether TRP-2 would be a good diagnostic marker for amelanotic melanomas of the dog, we performed immunohistochemistry for TRP-2, S-100, and Melan A on 21 canine tumors identified as amelanotic melanomas based on routine histopathologic examination. Thirteen of the tumors were TRP-2 positive, 10 were Melan A positive, and 19 were S-100 positive. TRP-2 was expressed in the cytoplasm of tumor cells in both primary and metastatic melanomas. S-100 staining was positive in all of three schwannomas and two of three gastrointestinal stromal tumors (one fibrosarcoma and one leiomyosarcoma) tested. Neither Melan A nor TRP-2 antibodies reacted with these tumors. Our findings indicate that staining for TRP-2 is a sensitive and specific method for confirming the diagnosis of amelanotic melanoma in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Choi
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, 1925 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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35
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Taylor
- Animal Health Laboratory Mt Pleasant, Department of Primary Industries Water and Environment, Kings Meadows, Tasmania.
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36
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Morris JS, McInnes EF, Bostock DE, Hoather TM, Dobson JM. Immunohistochemical and histopathologic features of 14 malignant fibrous histiocytomas from Flat-Coated Retrievers. Vet Pathol 2002; 39:473-9. [PMID: 12126150 DOI: 10.1354/vp.39-4-473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Flat-Coated Retrievers seem to be at increased risk of developing soft-tissue sarcomas, and undifferentiated round cell or spindle cell sarcomas account for approximately 59% of sarcomas in the breed. In an attempt to classify these tumors further, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections from 14 undifferentiated sarcomas from Flat-Coated Retrievers were reviewed and examined with a panel of histologic and immunohistochemical stains. The panel included vimentin, desmin, Myo D1, smooth muscle actin, cytokeratin, S100, von Willebrand factor (factor VIII), Mac 387, CD3, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, and CD79a. The majority of the sarcomas showed greater than 70% staining for MHC class II. We conclude that these undifferentiated sarcomas in Flat-Coated Retrievers belong to a spectrum of tumors with varying proportions of characteristic cell types and morphologic features, some of which fit the diagnostic criteria for malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Many of these sarcomas seem to have a significant myofibroblast component and a mild or moderate T cell infiltrate but the precise cell lineage is still uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Morris
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK
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37
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Mazzei M, Millanta F, Citi S, Lorenzi D, Poli A. Haemangiopericytoma: histological spectrum, immunohistochemical characterization and prognosis. Vet Dermatol 2002; 13:15-21. [PMID: 11896966 DOI: 10.1046/j.0959-4493.2001.00281.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Canine haemangiopericytoma (CHP) is a vascular neoplasm thought to be derived from pericytes. The histological pattern and immunohistochemical profile were studied in 31 CHPs. Twenty-three subjects were followed for 2 years to evaluate the correlation among tumour location, histotype, immunostaining and outcome of the disease. Of the 31 CHPs examined, 20 exhibited a perivascular whorled pattern, 8 were storiform and 3 were epithelioid. All tumours were positive for vimentin and negative for cytokeratin, factor VIII-related antigen, glial fibrillary acidic protein and S-100 protein. Seventeen CHPs were positive for actin and nine co-expressed desmin. Six CHPs were also positive for CD34 antigen. The panel of immunohistochemical markers used confirmed the vascular lineage of CHP and aided in the exclusion of other mesenchymal tumours. Of the 23 dogs submitted to follow-up, 6 had recurrence or metastases of the primary tumour. The epithelioid pattern or a noncutaneous location were associated with a poorer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Mazzei
- Department of Animal Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
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38
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WILLIAMSON† MARKM, MIDDLETON DEBORAHJOAN. Cutaneous soft tissue tumours in dogs: classification, differentiation, and histogenesis. Vet Dermatol 2002; 9:43-48. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3164.1998.00076.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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39
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Caniatti M, Ghisleni G, Ceruti R, Roccabianca P, Scanziani E. Cytological features of canine haemangiopericytoma in fine needle aspiration biopsy. Vet Rec 2001; 149:242-4. [PMID: 11554570 DOI: 10.1136/vr.149.8.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Caniatti
- Dipartimento di Patologia Animale, Igiene e Sanità Pubblica Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
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40
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Abstract
Myxomas of the joints are extremely rare in domestic animals, only four cases, all in dogs, having been reported previously. This paper describes a myxoma originating from the synovium of the right radiocarpal joint of a mature female Dobermann pinscher with right front limb lameness. The tumour was excised surgically and no recurrence was detected during a 2-year follow-up period. Immunohistochemically, the tumour cells reacted with antibodies to vimentin and S100 protein but not with antibodies to cytokeratins (high and low molecular weight) or human callus keratin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Berrocal
- Departamento Patología, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
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41
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Ide M, Yamate J, Kuwamura M, Kotani T, Sakuma S, Takeya M. Immunohistochemical analysis of macrophages and myofibroblasts appearing in hepatic and renal fibrosis of dogs. J Comp Pathol 2001; 124:60-9. [PMID: 11428190 DOI: 10.1053/jcpa.2000.0429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Some peptide growth factors produced by macrophages play a role in fibrosis following tissue injury, through the induction of myofibroblasts. In the present study, the appearance of macrophages and myofibroblast development in hepatic and renal fibrosis was determined by immunohistochemical analysis of tissue from 15 dogs. The hepatic and renal fibrosis was classified as grade I, II or III, depending on the extent (percentage) of fibrotic areas per unit area measured by morphometry with Azan-stained sections. The presence of alpha-smooth muscle actin-immunolabelled myofibroblasts was directly related to advancing grade of both hepatic and renal fibrosis. Lysozyme-immunolabelled macrophages also increased in number with increasing grade of hepatic and renal fibrosis. These findings indicate that myofibroblasts and lysozyme-positive macrophages may contribute to progressive fibrosis in canine liver and kidney disease. Interestingly, the number of macrophages recognized by AM-3K, a newly generated monoclonal antibody capable of labelling exuded macrophages and resident tissue macrophages in dogs, fell significantly in grades II and III of renal fibrosis. By contrast, in hepatic fibrosis there were no marked differences in the number of AM-3K-positive macrophages between grades. These findings suggest that there are functional differences between lysozyme- and AM-3K-positive macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ide
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Agriculture, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuencho 1-1, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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42
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Callanan JJ, McCarthy GM, McAllister H. Primary pulmonary artery leiomyosarcoma in an adult dog. Vet Pathol 2000; 37:663-6. [PMID: 11105958 DOI: 10.1354/vp.37-6-663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A 7-year-old neutered female English Setter presented with syncope, anemia, and weight loss. Clinical examination revealed a systolic murmur and echocardiography demonstrated a mass on the pulmonic valve. Postmortem examination confirmed the presence of a pulmonic valve mass that extended along the pulmonary trunk and into the left pulmonary artery. Multiple pale nodules were observed in the right lung. Microscopic examinations of the pulmonary artery mass and the lung nodules revealed a pleomorphic population of spindle cells often arranged in broad bands containing strap-like nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm devoid of cross striations. The neoplastic cells expressed vimentin and alpha-smooth muscle actin but did not express desmin, CD31, factor VIII, or S100. The presentation, histological features, immunocytochemical profiles, and behavior of this tumor were indicative of a primary pulmonary artery leiomyosarcoma with lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Callanan
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland.
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43
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Kumagai D, Yamate J, Tajima T, Tsukamoto Y, Yasui H, Kuwamura M, Kotani T, Sakuma S. Distribution of cells labelled by a monoclonal antibody (A3) against a cloned cell line derived from a rat malignant fibrous histiocytoma. J Comp Pathol 2000; 123:77-87. [PMID: 11032659 DOI: 10.1053/jcpa.2000.0389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
To pursue the histogenesis of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH), of which the cell of origin is still debated, a monoclonal antibody (A3) was produced against a rat MFH-derived cloned cell line (MT-8). Antigen recognized by A3 was around 80 kDa in molecular weight and was seen on the cytoplasmic membrane of MT-8 cells by immunoelectron microscopy. A3 reacted specifically with MT-8 cells, with another rat MFH-derived cell line (MT-9) and with their induced tumours in syngeneic rats, but not with other rat tumours such as fibrosarcoma, histiocytic sarcoma, malignant meningioma, uterine leiomyosarcoma, endometrial stromal sarcoma, mononuclear cell leukaemia and malignant schwannoma. These findings indicate that A3 has a high specificity for rat MFH cells. In fetuses on gestation days 15, 18 and 20 and in postnatal rats aged 1, 4 and 8 days, A3 reacted with primitive mesenchymal cells in visceral organs and around arteries and bronchi, as well as in the lamina propria of intestinal mucosa, renal interstitium, meninges and perineurium. There were no A3-positive connective tissue cells in organs or other sites in adult rats more than 10 weeks old. It is therefore likely that MFH cells share antigens with primitive mesenchymal cells, which may be multipotent for mesenchymal differentiation. The present study suggests that MFH consists of a population of primitive, undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. A3 also immunolabelled endothelial cells of arteries, venules and pulmonary capillaries in fetal, postnatal and adult rats; vascular endothelial cells in chemically induced hepatic and renal lesions also reacted strongly with A3. However, the significance of endothelial immunoreactivity with A3 remains to be elucidated.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/analysis
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacokinetics
- Aorta/chemistry
- Aorta/embryology
- Carbon Tetrachloride/adverse effects
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury
- Cisplatin/adverse effects
- Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous/immunology
- Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous/metabolism
- Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous/pathology
- Immunohistochemistry
- Kidney Diseases/chemically induced
- Kidney Diseases/metabolism
- Kidney Diseases/pathology
- Liver/chemistry
- Liver/embryology
- Liver Diseases/metabolism
- Liver Diseases/pathology
- Lung/chemistry
- Lung/embryology
- Lung/ultrastructure
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Microscopy, Immunoelectron
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred F344
- Spinal Cord/chemistry
- Spinal Cord/embryology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/immunology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/ultrastructure
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kumagai
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Agriculture, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuencho 1-1, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
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44
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Martín E, Pérez J, Mozos E, López R, Molleda JM. Retrobulbar anaplastic astrocytoma in a dog: clinicopathological and ultrasonographic features. J Small Anim Pract 2000; 41:354-7. [PMID: 11002938 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2000.tb03218.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An 11-year-old entire female German shepherd dog was presented with a progressive non-painful exophthalmos of the right eye. Ultrasonographic examination revealed a solid and well-defined orbital mass compressing the globe. Thoracic radiography revealed multiple pulmonary metastases of different sizes. The histopathological and immunohistochemical features of both the retrobulbar tumour and pulmonary metastases were consistent with an anaplastic astrocytoma. This represents an unusual case of an extracranial astrocytoma with multiple pulmonary metastases. The clinical features and the ultrasonographic, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Martín
- Department of Medicine, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba, Spain
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45
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Yamate J, Yoshida H, Tsukamoto Y, Ide M, Kuwamura M, Ohashi F, Miyamoto T, Kotani T, Sakuma S, Takeya M. Distribution of cells immunopositive for AM-3K, a novel monoclonal antibody recognizing human macrophages, in normal and diseased tissues of dogs, cats, horses, cattle, pigs, and rabbits. Vet Pathol 2000; 37:168-76. [PMID: 10714646 DOI: 10.1354/vp.37-2-168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The monoclonal antibody AM-3K, which was developed using human pulmonary macrophages as the immunogen, immunocytochemically labels most human macrophages except for blood monocytes and dendritic cell populations. AM-3K also shows cross-reactivity in some animal species. To evaluate the usefulness of AM-3K, the present study investigated the detailed distribution of AM-3K-immunopositive macrophages in normal and diseased tissues of dogs, cats, horses, cattle, pigs, and rabbits. Zamboni's solution-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections were the most available for the immunocytochemistry with AM-3K. In all animal species examined, AM-3K labeled most macrophages in splenic red pulp, lymph node sinuses and thymus, and tissue macrophages in the interstitium of various organs and sites such as the kidneys, lungs, heart, pancreas, intestines, and skin. Alveolar macrophages and perivascular microglial cells were also immunoreactive for AM-3K. Interestingly, Kupffer cells of dogs, cats, and horses were labeled for AM-3K, but those of cattle, pigs, and rabbits were not. Furthermore, in tumor tissues and inflammatory lesions such as liver fibrosis and encephalomalacia that were obtained from dogs, infiltrating macrophages were stained with AM-3K, but not all infiltrating macrophages reacted to AM-3K. In addition, only 30-50% of pulmonary and peritoneal macrophages obtained from cats and dogs were reactive for AM-3K. AM-3K did not react with blood monocytes, dendritic cell populations, and osteoclasts. These observations indicate that AM-3K specifically labels most exudate and tissue macrophages in the animal species examined. However, the expression of antigens recognized by AM-3K on macrophages may be dependent on differential maturation stages or different functions evoked by some conditions. AM-3K immunoreaction products were seen on the cytoplasmic membrane of macrophages by immunoelectron microscopy. AM-3K would be useful for detection of macrophage populations in the animal species examined here.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yamate
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Agriculture, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan.
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46
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Sawamoto O, Yamate J, Kuwamura M, Hagiwara R, Kurisu K. A canine peripheral nerve sheath tumor including peripheral nerve fibers. J Vet Med Sci 1999; 61:1335-8. [PMID: 10651057 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.61.1335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve sheath tumor was found in a 7-year-old male mongrel dog. The tumors were located in the right cheek subcutis and oral submucosa. Histologically, neoplastic cells were arranged in streaming bundles, occasionally interlacing bundles or whorls of elongated and spindle cells. Cellular atypia was poor and mitotic figures were rarely observed. Ultrastructurally, neoplastic cells had basement membrane, typical of Schwann cells. One bundle of normal peripheral nerve fibers and some myelinated axons were seen within the tumor tissues. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells reacted to vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, S-100 protein and neuron specific enolase. In addition to the above immunoreactions, the included nerve fibers were positive for myelin basic protein and neurofilament protein. This paper also discusses immunohistochemical findings on differential diagnosis in comparison with those of canine hemangiopericytomas reported hitherto.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Sawamoto
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
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47
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Handharyani E, Ochiai K, Kadosawa T, Kimura T, Umemura T. Canine hemangiopericytoma: an evaluation of metastatic potential. J Vet Diagn Invest 1999; 11:474-8. [PMID: 12968766 DOI: 10.1177/104063879901100517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E Handharyani
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Nishi 9-chome, Kita 18-jo, Kitaku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
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48
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Pérez J, Martín de las Mulas J, Arenas A, Luque I, Carrasco L. Malignant schwannoma in a red deer (Cervus elaphus). Vet Rec 1998; 143:585-7. [PMID: 9854770 DOI: 10.1136/vr.143.21.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A five-year-old female red deer (Cervus elaphus) was in poor condition and severely lame on the left hindleg owing to a 19.4 cm x 15.9 cm mass involving and destroying the distal end (head) of metatarsal bones III and IV, the proximal sesamoid bones and the first phalanges (III and IV). The histopathological analysis revealed a spindle cell tumour with frequent palisade arrangement (Antoni type A pattern), and with highly anaplastic tumour cells in some areas. Structures resembling peripheral nerves were identified within the tumour. The neoplastic cells reacted with vimentin in a cytoplasmic pattern, and almost all of them reacted with S-100 protein in a nuclear and cytoplasmic pattern and did not express neurofilament, glial fibrillary acidic protein or keratins. This immunophenotype and the histopathological features were consistent with a diagnostic of malignant schwannoma. It was atypical because of the species affected, the location and the local malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pérez
- Departamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patalógica Comparadas, Facultad de Veterinaria, Córdoba, Spain
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49
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Abstract
After castration, a Japanese Black male calf developed subcutaneous tumours near the scrotum. They were surgically excised, and no recurrence was detected two years after surgery. The tumours were characterised by neoplastic cells concentrically arranged around blood vessels of various sizes. The neoplastic cells contained many cytofilaments, and the majority of the cells expressed smooth muscle actin, but focal densities were not found. On the basis of the immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features, the tumours were considered to be of pericyte origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Mitarai
- Oita Livestock Hygiene Service Centre, Oita Prefecture, Onotsuru, Japan
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50
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Pumarola M, Martín de las Mulas J, Vilafranca M, Obach A. Meningioangiomatosis in the brain stem of a dog. J Comp Pathol 1996; 115:197-201. [PMID: 8910748 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9975(96)80042-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Meningioangiomatosis (MA) is a malformation of the vasculature of the central nervous system, characterized by the proliferation of meningothelial cells around blood vessels. MA has been reported, albeit rarely, in main, cattle and dogs. This paper records a case of MA affecting the brain stem in a 9-year-old male dog, and provides histochemical and immunohistochemical evidence for a perivascular fibroblast-like cell origin of the proliferating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pumarola
- Department of Pathology and Animal Production, School of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain
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