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Kmiotek-Wasylewska K, Łabędź-Masłowska A, Bobis-Wozowicz S, Karnas E, Noga S, Sekuła-Stryjewska M, Woźnicka O, Madeja Z, Dawn B, Zuba-Surma EK. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles enriched with miR-126 induce proangiogenic properties and promote repair of ischemic tissue. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23415. [PMID: 38243682 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301836r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) may induce pro-regenerative effects in ischemic tissues by delivering bioactive molecules, including microRNAs. Recent studies have also shown pro-regenerative benefits of EVs derived from induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. However, the underlying mechanisms of EV benefits and the role of their transferred regulatory molecules remain incompletely understood. Accordingly, we investigated the effects of human iPS-derived EVs (iPS-EVs) enriched in proangiogenic miR-126 (iPS-miR-126-EVs) on functional properties of human endothelial cells (ECs) in vitro. We also examined the outcomes following EV injection in a murine model of limb ischemia in vivo. EVs were isolated from conditioned media from cultures of unmodified and genetically modified human iPS cells overexpressing miR-126. The iPS-miR-126-EVs were enriched in miR-126 when compared with control iPS-EVs and effectively transferred miR-126 along with other miRNAs to recipient ECs improving their functional properties essential for ischemic tissue repair, including proliferation, metabolic activity, cell survival, migration, and angiogenic potential. Injection of iPS-miR-126-EVs in vivo in a murine model of acute limb ischemia promoted angiogenesis, increased perfusion, and enhanced functional recovery. These observations corresponded with elevated expression of genes for several proangiogenic factors in ischemic tissues following iPS-miR-126-EV transplantation. These results indicate that innate pro-regenerative properties of iPS-EVs may be further enhanced by altering their molecular composition via controlled genetic modifications. Such iPS-EVs overexpressing selected microRNAs, including miR-126, may represent a novel acellular tool for therapy of ischemic tissues in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kmiotek-Wasylewska
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Łabędź-Masłowska
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Sylwia Bobis-Wozowicz
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Karnas
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Sylwia Noga
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Stem Cell Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Sekuła-Stryjewska
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Stem Cell Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Olga Woźnicka
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Madeja
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Buddhadeb Dawn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
| | - Ewa K Zuba-Surma
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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2
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Kesidou D, Bennett M, Monteiro JP, McCracken IR, Klimi E, Rodor J, Condie A, Cowan S, Caporali A, Wit JBM, Mountford JC, Brittan M, Beqqali A, Baker AH. Extracellular vesicles from differentiated stem cells contain novel proangiogenic miRNAs and induce angiogenic responses at low doses. Mol Ther 2024; 32:185-203. [PMID: 38096818 PMCID: PMC10787168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from healthy endothelial cells (ECs) have shown potential for promoting angiogenesis, but their therapeutic efficacy remains poorly understood. We have previously shown that transplantation of a human embryonic stem cell-derived endothelial cell product (hESC-ECP), promotes new vessel formation in acute ischemic disease in mice, likely via paracrine mechanism(s). Here, we demonstrated that EVs from hESC-ECPs (hESC-eEVs) significantly increased EC tube formation and wound closure in vitro at ultralow doses, whereas higher doses were ineffective. More important, EVs isolated from the mesodermal stage of the differentiation (hESC-mEVs) had no effect. Small RNA sequencing revealed that hESC-eEVs have a unique transcriptomic profile and are enriched in known proangiogenic microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs). Moreover, an in silico analysis identified three novel hESC-eEV-miRNAs with potential proangiogenic function. Differential expression analysis suggested that two of those, miR-4496 and miR-4691-5p, are highly enriched in hESC-eEVs. Overexpression of miR-4496 or miR-4691-5p resulted in increased EC tube formation and wound closure in vitro, validating the novel proangiogenic function of these miRNAs. In summary, we demonstrated that hESC-eEVs are potent inducers of EC angiogenic response at ultralow doses and contain a unique EV-associated miRNA repertoire, including miR-4496 and miR-4691-5p, with novel proangiogenic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Kesidou
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Matthew Bennett
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - João P Monteiro
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ian R McCracken
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7TY, UK
| | - Eftychia Klimi
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Julie Rodor
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Alison Condie
- Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, Edinburgh EH14 4BE, UK
| | - Scott Cowan
- Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, Edinburgh EH14 4BE, UK
| | - Andrea Caporali
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Jan B M Wit
- Mirabilis Therapeutics BV, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Mairi Brittan
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Abdelaziz Beqqali
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
| | - Andrew H Baker
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK; CARIM Institute, University of Maastricht, Maastricht 6229HX, the Netherlands.
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3
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Barachini S, Biso L, Kolachalam S, Petrini I, Maggio R, Scarselli M, Longoni B. Mesenchymal Stem Cell in Pancreatic Islet Transplantation. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051426. [PMID: 37239097 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic islet transplantation is a therapeutic option for achieving physiologic regulation of plasma glucose in Type 1 diabetic patients. At the same time, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have demonstrated their potential in controlling graft rejection, the most fearsome complication in organ/tissue transplantation. MSCs can interact with innate and adaptive immune system cells either through direct cell-cell contact or through their secretome including exosomes. In this review, we discuss current findings regarding the graft microenvironment of pancreatic islet recipient patients and the crucial role of MSCs operation as cell managers able to control the immune system to prevent rejection and promote endogenous repair. We also discuss how challenging stressors, such as oxidative stress and impaired vasculogenesis, may jeopardize graft outcomes. In order to face these adverse conditions, we consider either hypoxia-exposure preconditioning of MSCs or human stem cells with angiogenic potential in organoids to overcome islets' lack of vasculature. Along with the shepherding of carbon nanotubes-loaded MSCs to the transplantation site by a magnetic field, these studies look forward to exploiting MSCs stemness and their immunomodulatory properties in pancreatic islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Barachini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Letizia Biso
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Shivakumar Kolachalam
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Aseptic Pharmacy, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W6 8RF, UK
| | - Iacopo Petrini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberto Maggio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Marco Scarselli
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Biancamaria Longoni
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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Pan Q, Xu X, He W, Wang Y, Xiang Z, Jin X, Tang Q, Zhao T, Ma X. Enrichment of miR-17-5p enhances the protective effects of EPC-EXs on vascular and skeletal muscle injury in a diabetic hind limb ischemia model. Biol Res 2023; 56:16. [PMID: 37005678 PMCID: PMC10067242 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-023-00418-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Diabetes mellitus (DM) is highly susceptible to diabetic hind limb ischemia (DHI). MicroRNA (MiR)-17-5p is downregulated in DM and plays a key role in vascular protection. Endothelial progenitor cell (EPC)-released exosomes (EPC-EXs) contribute to vascular protection and ischemic tissue repair by transferring their contained miRs to target cells. Here, we investigated whether miR-17-5p-enriched EPC-EXs (EPC-EXsmiR-17-5p) had conspicuous effects on protecting vascular and skeletal muscle in DHI in vitro and in vivo. METHODS EPCs transfected with scrambled control or miR-17-5p mimics were used to generate EPC-EXs and EPC-EXsmiR-17-5p. Db/db mice were subjected to hind limb ischemia. After the surgery, EPC-EXs and EPC-EXsmiR-17-5p were injected into the gastrocnemius muscle of the hind limb once every 7 days for 3 weeks. Blood flow, microvessel density, capillary angiogenesis, gastrocnemius muscle weight, structure integrity, and apoptosis in the hind limb were assessed. Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and myoblast cells (C2C12 cells) were subjected to hypoxia plus high glucose (HG) and cocultured with EPC-EXs and EPC-EXsmiR-17-5p. A bioinformatics assay was used to analyze the potential target gene of miR-17-5p, the levels of SPRED1, PI3K, phosphorylated Akt, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3 were measured, and a PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) was used for pathway analysis. RESULTS In the DHI mouse model, miR-17-5p was markedly decreased in hind limb vessels and muscle tissues, and infusion of EPC-EXsmiR-17-5p was more effective than EPC-EXs in increasing miR-17-5p levels, blood flow, microvessel density, and capillary angiogenesis, as well as in promoting muscle weight, force production and structural integrity while reducing apoptosis in gastrocnemius muscle. In Hypoxia plus HG-injured ECs and C2C12 cells, we found that EPC-EXsmiR-17-5p could deliver their carried miR-17-5p into target ECs and C2C12 cells and subsequently downregulate the target protein SPRED1 while increasing the levels of PI3K and phosphorylated Akt. EPC-EXsmiR-17-5p were more effective than EPC-EXs in decreasing apoptosis and necrosis while increasing viability, migration, and tube formation in Hypoxia plus HG-injured ECs and in decreasing apoptosis while increasing viability and myotube formation in C2C12 cells. These effects of EPC-EXsmiR-17-5p could be abolished by a PI3K inhibitor (LY294002). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that miR-17-5p promotes the beneficial effects of EPC-EXs on DHI by protecting vascular ECs and muscle cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunwen Pan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Xiaobing Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Wen He
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhi Xiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Xiaojuan Jin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Qiong Tang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Out-Patient Department, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
| | - Xiaotang Ma
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Institute of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China.
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Brown PA, Brown PD. Extracellular vesicles and atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease. Cardiovasc Pathol 2023; 63:107510. [PMID: 36460259 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2022.107510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherogenesis involves a complex multifactorial process including chronic inflammation that requires the participation of several cell types and molecules. In addition to their role in vascular homeostasis, extracellular vesicles also appear to play an important role in atherogenesis, including monocyte transmigration and foam cell formation, SMC proliferation and migration, leukocyte transmigration, and thrombosis. Peripheral arterial disease, a major form of peripheral vascular disease, is characterized by structural or functional impairment of peripheral arterial supply, often secondary to atherosclerosis. Elevated levels of extracellular vesicles have been demonstrated in patients with peripheral arterial disease and implicated in the development of atherosclerosis within peripheral vascular beds. However, extracellular vesicles also appear capable of delivering cargo with atheroprotective effects. This capability has been exploited in vesicles engineered to carry content capable of neovascularization, suggesting potential for therapeutic angiogenesis. This dual capacity holds substantial promise for diagnosis and therapy, including possibly limb- and life-saving options for peripheral arterial disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Brown
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica.
| | - Paul D Brown
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
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6
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Oporto K, Radojkovic C, Mellisho EA, Zúñiga F, Ormazábal V, Guzmán-Gutiérrez E, Nova-Lamperti E, Rodríguez-Álvarez L, Aranda M, Escudero C, Aguayo C. Adenosine promoted angiogenesis mediated by the release of small extracellular vesicles from human endothelial progenitor cells. Microvasc Res 2023; 148:104498. [PMID: 36863509 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are stem cells mainly derived from bone marrow; from where they migrate to repair and regenerate damaged tissues. eEPCs have been classified into two sub-populations, early (eEPC) and late EPCs (lEPC), depending on maturation stages in vitro. In addition, eEPC release endocrine mediators, including small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), which in turn may enhance the eEPC-mediated wound healing properties. Nevertheless, adenosine contributes to angiogenesis by recruiting eEPC at the injury site. However, whether ARs may enhance the secretome of eEPC, including sEVs, is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether AR activation increase the release of sEVs in eEPC, which in turn has paracrine effects on recipient endothelial cells. Results shown that 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA), a non-selective agonist, increase both the protein levels of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and the number of sEVs released to the conditioned medium (CM) in primary culture of eEPC. Importantly, CM and EVs harvested from NECA-stimulated eEPC promote in vitro angiogenesis, without changes in cell proliferation, in recipient ECV-304 endothelial cells. This constitutes the first evidence showing that adenosine enhances sEVs release from eEPC, which has pro-angiogenic capacity on recipient endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Oporto
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Claudia Radojkovic
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Edwin A Mellisho
- Centro de Investigación en Tecnología de Embriones, Facultad de Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, Peru.
| | - Felipe Zúñiga
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Valeska Ormazábal
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pharmacology Department, University of Concepcion, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Enrique Guzmán-Gutiérrez
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Estefanía Nova-Lamperti
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Lleretny Rodríguez-Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile.
| | - Mario Aranda
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Fármacos y Alimentos, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Carlos Escudero
- Vascular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile; Group of Research and Innovation in Vascular Health (GRIVAS Health), Chillán, Chile.
| | - Claudio Aguayo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile; Group of Research and Innovation in Vascular Health (GRIVAS Health), Chillán, Chile.
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A novel circ_0018553 protects against angiotensin-induced cardiac hypertrophy in cardiomyocytes by modulating the miR-4731/SIRT2 signaling pathway. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:421-436. [PMID: 36474029 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-01111-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Due to the complicated pathophysiology of cardiac hypertrophy, there are no effective therapies for the treatment of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that circRNAs participate in the pathophysiology of cardiac hypertrophy. In this study, we investigated the regulatory mechanisms of the novel circ_0018553 in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Circ_0018553 was enriched in endothelial progenitor cell (EPC)-derived exosomes, and circ_0018553 expression was downregulated in a cellular model of Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Silencing circ_0018553 promoted cardiac hypertrophy in the Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy cellular model, while overexpression of circ_0018553 significantly attenuated Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy in cardiomyocytes. Moreover, mechanistic studies revealed that circ_0018553 acted as a sponge for miR-4731 and that miR-4731 repressed sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) expression by targeting the 3'UTR of SIRT2. MiR-4731 overexpression promoted cardiac hypertrophy in the Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy cellular model, while inhibition of miR-4731 significantly attenuated Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy in cardiomyocytes. The rescue experiments showed that miR-4731 overexpression attenuated the protective effects of circ_0018553 overexpression on the cardiac hypertrophy induced by Ang II; SIRT2 silencing also attenuated the protective effects of miR-4731 inhibition on the Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy. In conclusion, our results indicated that EPC-derived exosomal circ_0018553 protected against Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy by modulating the miR-4731/SIRT2 signaling pathway.
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8
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Grieco GE, Besharat ZM, Licata G, Fignani D, Brusco N, Nigi L, Formichi C, Po A, Sabato C, Dardano A, Natali A, Dotta F, Sebastiani G, Ferretti E. Circulating microRNAs as clinically useful biomarkers for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: miRNomics from bench to bedside. Transl Res 2022; 247:137-157. [PMID: 35351622 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D), a chronic metabolic disease, has attained the status of a global epidemic with steadily increasing incidence worldwide. Improved diagnosis, stratification and prognosis of T2D patients and the development of more effective treatments are needed. In this era of personalized medicine, the discovery and evaluation of innovative circulating biomarkers can be an effective tool for better stratification, prognosis and therapeutic selection/management of T2D patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs that modulate gene expression, have been investigated as potential circulating biomarkers in T2D. Several studies have investigated the expression of circulating miRNAs in T2D patients from various biological fluids, including plasma and serum, and have demonstrated their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as biomarkers of response to therapy. In this review, we provide an overview of the current state of knowledge, focusing on circulating miRNAs that have been consistently expressed in at least two independent studies, in order to identify a set of consistent biomarker candidates in T2D. The expression levels of miRNAs, correlation with clinical parameters, functional roles of miRNAs and their potential as biomarkers are reported. A systematic literature search and assessment of studies led to the selection and review of 10 miRNAs (miR-126-3p, miR-223-3p, miR-21-5p, miR-15a-5p, miR-24-3p, miR-34a-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-148a-3p, miR-30d-5p and miR-30c-5p). We also present technical challenges and our thoughts on the potential validation of circulating miRNAs and their application as biomarkers in the context of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Emanuela Grieco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS c/o Toscana Life Science, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | | | - Giada Licata
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS c/o Toscana Life Science, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Daniela Fignani
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS c/o Toscana Life Science, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Noemi Brusco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS c/o Toscana Life Science, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Laura Nigi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS c/o Toscana Life Science, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Caterina Formichi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS c/o Toscana Life Science, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Agnese Po
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Sabato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Dardano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Natali
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Dotta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS c/o Toscana Life Science, 53100 Siena, Italy; Tuscany Centre for Precision Medicine (CReMeP), Siena, Italy
| | - Guido Sebastiani
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS c/o Toscana Life Science, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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9
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Characterization of Endothelial Progenitor Cell: Past, Present, and Future. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147697. [PMID: 35887039 PMCID: PMC9318195 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are currently being studied as candidate cell sources for revascularization strategies. Despite these promising results, widespread clinical acceptance of EPCs for clinical therapies remains hampered by several challenges. The challenges and issues surrounding the use of EPCs and the current paradigm being developed to improve the harvest efficiency and functionality of EPCs for application in regenerative medicine are discussed. It has been observed that controversies have emerged regarding the isolation techniques and classification and origin of EPCs. This manuscript attempts to highlight the concept of EPCs in a sequential manner, from the initial discovery to the present (origin, sources of EPCs, isolation, and identification techniques). Human and murine EPC marker diversity is also discussed. Additionally, this manuscript is aimed at summarizing our current and future prospects regarding the crosstalk of EPCs with the biology of hematopoietic cells and culture techniques in the context of regeneration-associated cells (RACs).
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10
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Marra KV, Aguilar E, Wei G, Usui-Ouchi A, Ideguchi Y, Sakimoto S, Friedlander M. Bioactive extracellular vesicles from a subset of endothelial progenitor cells rescue retinal ischemia and neurodegeneration. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e155928. [PMID: 35639473 PMCID: PMC9309054 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.155928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the neurovascular unit (NVU) underlies the pathophysiology of various CNS diseases. One strategy to repair NVU dysfunction uses stem/progenitor cells to provide trophic support to the NVU's functionally coupled and interdependent vasculature and surrounding CNS parenchyma. A subset of endothelial progenitor cells, endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) with high expression of the CD44 hyaluronan receptor (CD44hi), provides such neurovasculotrophic support via a paracrine mechanism. Here, we report that bioactive extracellular vesicles from CD44hi ECFCs (EVshi) are paracrine mediators, recapitulating the effects of intact cell therapy in murine models of ischemic/neurodegenerative retinopathy; vesicles from ECFCs with low expression levels of CD44 (EVslo) were ineffective. Small RNA sequencing comparing the microRNA cargo from EVshi and EVslo identified candidate microRNAs that contribute to these effects. EVshi may be used to repair NVU dysfunction through multiple mechanisms to stabilize hypoxic vasculature, promote vascular growth, and support neural cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle V. Marra
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Edith Aguilar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Guoqin Wei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ayumi Usui-Ouchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Yoichiro Ideguchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Susumu Sakimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Martin Friedlander
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- Lowy Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
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11
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The Mechanisms Underlying the Beneficial Effects of Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Repairing Ischemic Tissue Injury. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 15:524-534. [PMID: 35484464 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10263-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic diseases are life-threatening, and the incidence increases as people's lifestyles change. Medications and surgical intervention offer limited benefit, and stem cell therapy has emerged as a potential approach for treating ischemic diseases. The exosomes secreted by stem cells have attracted more attention because they do not trigger the immune response and can be used as drug carriers. The non-coding RNA (ncRNA) carried by exosomes plays a key role in mediating exosome's beneficial effect, which can be further enhanced when combined with nanomaterials to improve its retention time. Here, we review the downstream target molecules and signal pathways of ncRNA and summarize recent advances of some nanomaterials used to encapsulate exosomes and promote ischemic tissue repair. We highlight the imprinting of exosomes from parent cells and discuss how the inflammasome pathway may be targeted for the development of novel therapy for ischemic diseases.
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12
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Giraud R, Moyon A, Simoncini S, Duchez AC, Nail V, Chareyre C, Bouhlel A, Balasse L, Fernandez S, Vallier L, Hache G, Sabatier F, Dignat-George F, Lacroix R, Guillet B, Garrigue P. Tracking Radiolabeled Endothelial Microvesicles Predicts Their Therapeutic Efficacy: A Proof-of-Concept Study in Peripheral Ischemia Mouse Model Using SPECT/CT Imaging. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010121. [PMID: 35057018 PMCID: PMC8778059 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microvesicles, so-called endothelial large extracellular vesicles (LEVs), are of great interest as biological markers and cell-free biotherapies in cardiovascular and oncologic diseases. However, their therapeutic perspectives remain limited due to the lack of reliable data regarding their systemic biodistribution after intravenous administration. Methods: Applied to a mouse model of peripheral ischemia, radiolabeled endothelial LEVs were tracked and their in vivo whole-body distribution was quantified by microSPECT/CT imaging. Hindlimb perfusion was followed by LASER Doppler and motility impairment function was evaluated up to day 28 post-ischemia. Results: Early and specific homing of LEVs to ischemic hind limbs was quantified on the day of ischemia and positively correlated with reperfusion intensity at a later stage on day 28 after ischemia, associated with an improved motility function. Conclusions: This concept is a major asset for investigating the biodistribution of LEVs issued from other cell types, including cancer, thus partly contributing to better knowledge and understanding of their fate after injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Giraud
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (R.G.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (A.-C.D.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (L.V.); (G.H.); (F.S.); (F.D.-G.); (R.L.); (B.G.)
- CERIMED, CNRS, Marseille, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (V.N.); (S.F.)
- Radiopharmacy, Pôle Pharmacie, University Hospitals of Marseille, APHM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Anaïs Moyon
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (R.G.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (A.-C.D.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (L.V.); (G.H.); (F.S.); (F.D.-G.); (R.L.); (B.G.)
- CERIMED, CNRS, Marseille, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (V.N.); (S.F.)
- Radiopharmacy, Pôle Pharmacie, University Hospitals of Marseille, APHM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Stéphanie Simoncini
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (R.G.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (A.-C.D.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (L.V.); (G.H.); (F.S.); (F.D.-G.); (R.L.); (B.G.)
| | - Anne-Claire Duchez
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (R.G.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (A.-C.D.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (L.V.); (G.H.); (F.S.); (F.D.-G.); (R.L.); (B.G.)
| | - Vincent Nail
- CERIMED, CNRS, Marseille, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (V.N.); (S.F.)
- Radiopharmacy, Pôle Pharmacie, University Hospitals of Marseille, APHM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Corinne Chareyre
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (R.G.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (A.-C.D.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (L.V.); (G.H.); (F.S.); (F.D.-G.); (R.L.); (B.G.)
| | - Ahlem Bouhlel
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (R.G.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (A.-C.D.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (L.V.); (G.H.); (F.S.); (F.D.-G.); (R.L.); (B.G.)
- CERIMED, CNRS, Marseille, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (V.N.); (S.F.)
| | - Laure Balasse
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (R.G.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (A.-C.D.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (L.V.); (G.H.); (F.S.); (F.D.-G.); (R.L.); (B.G.)
- CERIMED, CNRS, Marseille, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (V.N.); (S.F.)
| | - Samantha Fernandez
- CERIMED, CNRS, Marseille, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (V.N.); (S.F.)
| | - Loris Vallier
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (R.G.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (A.-C.D.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (L.V.); (G.H.); (F.S.); (F.D.-G.); (R.L.); (B.G.)
| | - Guillaume Hache
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (R.G.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (A.-C.D.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (L.V.); (G.H.); (F.S.); (F.D.-G.); (R.L.); (B.G.)
- CERIMED, CNRS, Marseille, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (V.N.); (S.F.)
| | - Florence Sabatier
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (R.G.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (A.-C.D.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (L.V.); (G.H.); (F.S.); (F.D.-G.); (R.L.); (B.G.)
| | - Françoise Dignat-George
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (R.G.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (A.-C.D.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (L.V.); (G.H.); (F.S.); (F.D.-G.); (R.L.); (B.G.)
- Department of Hematology and Vascular Biology, University Hospitals of Marseille, APHM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Romaric Lacroix
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (R.G.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (A.-C.D.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (L.V.); (G.H.); (F.S.); (F.D.-G.); (R.L.); (B.G.)
- Department of Hematology and Vascular Biology, University Hospitals of Marseille, APHM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Benjamin Guillet
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (R.G.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (A.-C.D.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (L.V.); (G.H.); (F.S.); (F.D.-G.); (R.L.); (B.G.)
- CERIMED, CNRS, Marseille, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (V.N.); (S.F.)
- Radiopharmacy, Pôle Pharmacie, University Hospitals of Marseille, APHM, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Garrigue
- C2VN, INSERM, INRAE, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (R.G.); (A.M.); (S.S.); (A.-C.D.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (L.B.); (L.V.); (G.H.); (F.S.); (F.D.-G.); (R.L.); (B.G.)
- CERIMED, CNRS, Marseille, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France; (V.N.); (S.F.)
- Radiopharmacy, Pôle Pharmacie, University Hospitals of Marseille, APHM, 13005 Marseille, France
- Correspondence:
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13
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Ribieras AJ, Ortiz YY, Liu ZJ, Velazquez OC. Therapeutic angiogenesis in Buerger's disease: reviewing the treatment landscape. THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN RARE DISEASE 2022; 3:26330040211070295. [PMID: 37180424 PMCID: PMC10032470 DOI: 10.1177/26330040211070295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Thromboangiitis obliterans, also known as Buerger's disease, is a rare inflammatory vasculitis that predominantly develops in smokers and characteristically affects the small- and medium-sized peripheral arteries and veins. Patients typically present with extremity claudication, but symptoms may progress to rest pain and tissue loss, especially in those unable to abstain from tobacco use. Unfortunately, traditional medical treatments are largely ineffective and due to the small caliber of affected vessels and lack of suitable distal targets or venous conduits, endovascular and open surgical approaches are often not possible. Eventually, a significant number of patients require major amputation. For these reasons, much research effort has been made in developing techniques of therapeutic angiogenesis to improve limb perfusion, both for atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease and the smaller subset of patients with critical limb ischemia due to Buerger's disease. Neovascularization in response to ischemia relies on a complex interplay between the local tissue microenvironment and circulating stem and progenitor cells. To date, studies of therapeutic angiogenesis have therefore focused on exploiting known angiogenic factors and stem cells to induce neovascularization in ischemic tissues. This review summarizes the available clinical data regarding the safety and efficacy of various angiogenic therapies, notably injection of naked DNA plasmids, viral gene constructs, and cell-based preparations, and describes techniques for potentiating in vivo efficacy of gene- and cell-based therapies as well as ongoing developments in exosome-based cell-free approaches for therapeutic angiogenesis. Plain Language Title and Summary A review of available and emerging treatments for improving blood flow and wound healing in patients with Buerger's disease, a rare disorder of blood vessels Buerger's disease is a rare disorder of the small- and medium-sized blood vessels in the arms and legs that almost exclusively develops in young smokers. Buerger's disease causes inflammation in arteries and veins, which leads to blockage of these vessels and reduces blood flow to and from the extremities. Decreased blood flow to the arms and legs can lead to development of nonhealing wounds and infection for which some patients may eventually require amputation. Unfortunately, traditional medical and surgical treatments are not effective in Buerger's disease, so other methods for improving blood flow are needed for these patients. There are several different ways to stimulate new blood vessel formation, both in humans and animal models. The most common treatments involve injection of DNA or viruses that express genes related to blood vessel formation or, alternatively, stem cell-based treatments that help regenerate blood vessels and repair wound tissue. This review explores how safe and effective these various treatments are and describes recent research developments that may lead to better therapies for patients with Buerger's disease and other vascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine J. Ribieras
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery,
University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Yulexi Y. Ortiz
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery,
University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Zhao-Jun Liu
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery,
University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, RMSB 1046, 1600 NW 10th
Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA. Vascular Biology Institute, University of
Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Omaida C. Velazquez
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery,
University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami,
FL 33136, USA. Vascular Biology Institute, University of Miami Miller School
of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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14
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Song Y, Bai Z, Zhang Y, Chen J, Chen M, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Mai H, Wang B, Lin Y, Gu S. Protective effects of endothelial progenitor cell microvesicles on Ang II‑induced rat kidney cell injury. Mol Med Rep 2021; 25:4. [PMID: 34738620 PMCID: PMC8600403 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hypertension can lead to kidney damage, known as hypertensive nephropathy or hypertensive nephrosclerosis. Further understanding of the molecular mechanisms via which hypertensive nephropathy develops is essential for effective diagnosis and treatment. The present study investigated the mechanisms by which endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) repair primary rat kidney cells (PRKs). ELISA, Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry assays were used to analyze the effects of EPCs or EPC-MVs on the oxidative stress, inflammation, cell proliferation, apoptosis and cycle of PRKs induced by AngII. A PRK injury model was established using angiotensin II (Ang II). After Ang II induction, PRK proliferation was decreased, apoptosis was increased and the cell cycle was blocked at the G1 phase before entering the S phase. It was found that the levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde were increased, while the levels of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were decreased. Moreover, the levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly increased. Thus, Ang II damaged PRKs by stimulating oxidative stress and promoting the inflammatory response. However, when PRKs were co-cultured with EPCs, the damage induced by Ang II was significantly reduced. The current study collected the microvesicles (MVs) secreted by EPCs and co-cultured them with Ang II-induced PRKs, and identified that EPC-MVs retained their protective effect on PRKs. In conclusion, EPCs protect PRKs from Ang II-induced damage via secreted MVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Song
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Zhenbing Bai
- Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Juming Chen
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Minghui Chen
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Yunbo Zhang
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Huade Mai
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Bingshu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Yunyun Lin
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Shenhong Gu
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
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15
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Salybekov AA, Kunikeyev AD, Kobayashi S, Asahara T. Latest Advances in Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Translation to the Clinic. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:734562. [PMID: 34671654 PMCID: PMC8520929 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.734562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Almost all nucleated cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are heterogeneous spheroid patterned or round shape particles ranging from 30 to 200 nm in size. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have shown that endothelial progenitor cell-derived EVs (EPC-EVs) have a beneficial therapeutic effect in various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and kidney, and lung disorders. Moreover, some animal studies have shown that EPC-EVs selectively accumulate at the injury site with a specific mechanism of binding along with angiogenic and restorative effects that are superior to those of their ancestors. This review article highlights current advances in the biogenesis, delivery route, and long-term storage methods of EPC-EVs and their favorable effects such as anti-inflammatory, angiogenic, and tissue protection in various diseases. Finally, we review the possibility of therapeutic application of EPC-EVs in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amankeldi A Salybekov
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan.,Shonan Research Institute of Innovative Medicine, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan.,Kidney Disease and Transplant Center, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
| | - Aidyn D Kunikeyev
- Department of Software Engineering, Kazakh National Technical University After K.I. Satpayev, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Shuzo Kobayashi
- Shonan Research Institute of Innovative Medicine, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan.,Kidney Disease and Transplant Center, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
| | - Takayuki Asahara
- Shonan Research Institute of Innovative Medicine, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan
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16
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Abstract
The role of stem cells in augmenting reparative processes in the heart after ischemic injury has been successfully demonstrated in small and large animal models. However, the outcomes of cell therapy in clinical trials have been somewhat variable, with overall effects of autologous stem cell therapies demonstrating a modest improvement in cardiac structure and function. How stem cells repair the heart after cardiac injury is still not well understood. Most recent studies suggest that adult derived stem cells act primarily through paracrine signaling to exert beneficial effects, including modulation of immune response, stimulation of new blood vessel formation, or by inducing mature myocytes to transiently reenter the cell cycle, rather than robust direct differentiation of the transplanted cells into myocytes. In addition, data from multiple laboratory results confirmed clearance of stem cells themselves within a few days still leading to functional benefits further confirming the role of paracrine signaling in augmenting cardiac reparative processes rather than direct differentiation of cells. These findings rapidly evolved the field of extracellular vesicles specifically microvesicles (MVs) as they are active hubs of autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine signaling targeting different biological processes. The beneficial effects seen after stem cell transplantation could be linked to the cardioprotective factors packaged in the MVs secreted from stem cells. Therefore, stem cell MVs provide a new avenue for the treatment of cardiovascular disease through a multitude of mechanisms including cellular communication within the stem cell niches, delivery of genetic information, regulation of the immune system in the heart, and stimulation of angiogenesis which will be discussed in this review.
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17
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Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Potential Therapeutic Application in Tissue Repair and Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126375. [PMID: 34203627 PMCID: PMC8232313 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, many studies investigated the role of a specific type of stem cell named the endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) in tissue regeneration and repair. EPCs represent a heterogeneous population of mononuclear cells resident in the adult bone marrow. EPCs can migrate and differentiate in injured sites or act in a paracrine way. Among the EPCs’ secretome, extracellular vesicles (EVs) gained relevance due to their possible use for cell-free biological therapy. They are more biocompatible, less immunogenic, and present a lower oncological risk compared to cell-based options. EVs can efficiently pass the pulmonary filter and deliver to target tissues different molecules, such as micro-RNA, growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and non-coding RNAs. Their effects are often analogous to their cellular counterparts, and EPC-derived EVs have been tested in vitro and on animal models to treat several medical conditions, including ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, diabetes, and acute kidney injury. EPC-derived EVs have also been studied for bone, brain, and lung regeneration and as carriers for drug delivery. This review will discuss the pre-clinical evidence regarding EPC-derived EVs in the different disease models and regenerative settings. Moreover, we will discuss the translation of their use into clinical practice and the possible limitations of this process.
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18
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Desjarlais M, Ruknudin P, Wirth M, Lahaie I, Dabouz R, Rivera JC, Habelrih T, Omri S, Hardy P, Rivard A, Chemtob S. Tyrosine-Protein Phosphatase Non-receptor Type 9 (PTPN9) Negatively Regulates the Paracrine Vasoprotective Activity of Bone-Marrow Derived Pro-angiogenic Cells: Impact on Vascular Degeneration in Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:679906. [PMID: 34124069 PMCID: PMC8194284 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.679906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Insufficient post-ischemic neovascularization is an initial key step in the pathogenesis of Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy (OIR). During neovascularization, pro-angiogenic cells (PACs) are mobilized from the bone marrow and integrate into ischemic tissues to promote angiogenesis. However, the modulation of PAC paracrine activity during OIR and the specific mechanisms involved remain to be explored. Because Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 9 (PTPN9) is reported to be a negative regulator of stem cell differentiation and angiogenesis signaling, we investigated its effect on PAC activity in the context of OIR. Methods and Results In a rat model of OIR, higher levels of PTPN9 in the retina and in bone marrow derived PACs are associated with retinal avascular areas, lower levels of the mobilization factor SDF-1 and decreased number of CD34+/CD117+/CD133+ PACs. PACs exposed ex vivo to hyperoxia display increased PTPN9 expression, which is associated with impaired ability of PAC secretome to promote angiogenesis ex vivo (choroidal vascular sprouting) and in vitro (endothelial cell tubule formation) compared to the secretome of PACs maintained in normoxia. Suppression of PTPN9 (using siRNA) increases VEGF and SDF-1 expression to normalize PAC secretome during hyperoxia, leading to restored angiogenic ability of PAC secretome. Moreover, endothelial cells exposed to the secretome of siPTPN9-treated PACs expressed increased levels of activated form of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2). In the rat model of OIR, intravitreal injection of secretome from siPTPN9-treated PACs significantly reduced retinal vaso-obliteration; this was associated with higher retinal levels of VEGF/SDF-1, and increased recruitment of PACs (CD34+ cells) to the retinal and choroidal vessels. Conclusion Our results suggest that hyperoxia alters the paracrine proangiogenic activity of BM-PACs by inducing PTPN9, which can contribute to impair post-ischemic revascularization in the context of OIR. Targeting PTPN9 restores PAC angiogenic properties, and provide a new target for vessel integrity in ischemic retinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Desjarlais
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pakiza Ruknudin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Maëlle Wirth
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Lahaie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Rabah Dabouz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - José Carlos Rivera
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Tiffany Habelrih
- Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Samy Omri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Hardy
- Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alain Rivard
- Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
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19
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Popescu S, Preda MB, Marinescu CI, Simionescu M, Burlacu A. Dual Stem Cell Therapy Improves the Myocardial Recovery Post-Infarction through Reciprocal Modulation of Cell Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115631. [PMID: 34073327 PMCID: PMC8199446 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are promising candidates for regenerative therapy of the infarcted heart. However, poor cell retention within the transplantation site limits their potential. We hypothesized that MSC benefits could be enhanced through a dual-cell approach using jointly endothelial colony forming cells (ECFC) and MSC. To assess this, we comparatively evaluated the effects of the therapy with MSC and ECFC versus MSC-only in a mouse model of myocardial infarction. Heart function was assessed by echocardiography, and the molecular crosstalk between MSC and ECFC was evaluated in vitro through direct or indirect co-culture systems. We found that dual-cell therapy improved cardiac function in terms of ejection fraction and stroke volume. In vitro experiments showed that ECFC augmented MSC effector properties by increasing Connexin 43 and Integrin alpha-5 and the secretion of healing-associated molecules. Moreover, MSC prompted the organization of ECFC into vascular networks. This indicated a reciprocal modulation in the functionality of MSC and ECFC. In conclusion, the crosstalk between MSC and ECFC augments the therapeutic properties of MSC and enhances the angiogenic properties of ECFC. Our data consolidate the dual-cell therapy as a step forward for the development of effective treatments for patients affected by myocardial infarction.
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20
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Gebara N, Correia Y, Wang K, Bussolati B. Angiogenic Properties of Placenta-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Normal Pregnancy and in Preeclampsia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5402. [PMID: 34065595 PMCID: PMC8160914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is one of the main processes that coordinate the biological events leading to a successful pregnancy, and its imbalance characterizes several pregnancy-related diseases, including preeclampsia. Intracellular interactions via extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to pregnancy's physiology and pathophysiology, and to the fetal-maternal interaction. The present review outlines the implications of EV-mediated crosstalk in the angiogenic process in healthy pregnancy and its dysregulation in preeclampsia. In particular, the effect of EVs derived from gestational tissues in pro and anti-angiogenic processes in the physiological and pathological setting is described. Moreover, the application of EVs from placental stem cells in the clinical setting is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Gebara
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy;
| | - Yolanda Correia
- Aston Medical Research Institute, Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (Y.C.); (K.W.)
| | - Keqing Wang
- Aston Medical Research Institute, Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (Y.C.); (K.W.)
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy;
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21
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Singh P, O'Toole TE, Conklin DJ, Hill BG, Haberzettl P. Endothelial progenitor cells as critical mediators of environmental air pollution-induced cardiovascular toxicity. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H1440-H1455. [PMID: 33606580 PMCID: PMC8260385 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00804.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Environmental air pollution exposure is a leading cause of death worldwide, and with increasing industrialization and urbanization, its disease burden is expected to rise even further. The majority of air pollution exposure-associated deaths are linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although ample research demonstrates a strong correlation between air pollution exposure and CVD risk, the mechanisms by which inhalation of polluted air affects cardiovascular health are not completely understood. Inhalation of environmental air pollution has been associated with endothelial dysfunction, which suggests that air pollution exposure impacts CVD health by inducing endothelial injury. Interestingly, recent studies demonstrate that air pollution exposure affects the number and function of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), subpopulations of bone marrow-derived proangiogenic cells that have been shown to play an essential role in maintaining cardiovascular health. In line with their beneficial function, chronically low levels of circulating EPCs and EPC dysfunction (e.g., in diabetic patients) have been associated with vascular dysfunction, poor cardiovascular health, and increases in the severity of cardiovascular outcomes. In contrast, treatments that improve EPC number and function (e.g., exercise) have been found to attenuate cardiovascular dysfunction. Considering the critical, nonredundant role of EPCs in maintaining vascular health, air pollution exposure-induced impairments in EPC number and function could lead to endothelial dysfunction, consequently increasing the risk for CVD. This review article covers novel aspects and new mechanistic insights of the adverse effects of air pollution exposure on cardiovascular health associated with changes in EPC number and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Singh
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Center, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Timothy E O'Toole
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Center, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Daniel J Conklin
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Center, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Bradford G Hill
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Center, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Petra Haberzettl
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Center, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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22
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Saenz-Pipaon G, Martinez-Aguilar E, Orbe J, González Miqueo A, Fernandez-Alonso L, Paramo JA, Roncal C. The Role of Circulating Biomarkers in Peripheral Arterial Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073601. [PMID: 33808453 PMCID: PMC8036489 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) of the lower extremities is a chronic illness predominantly of atherosclerotic aetiology, associated to traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. It is one of the most prevalent CV conditions worldwide in subjects >65 years, estimated to increase greatly with the aging of the population, becoming a severe socioeconomic problem in the future. The narrowing and thrombotic occlusion of the lower limb arteries impairs the walking function as the disease progresses, increasing the risk of CV events (myocardial infarction and stroke), amputation and death. Despite its poor prognosis, PAD patients are scarcely identified until the disease is advanced, highlighting the need for reliable biomarkers for PAD patient stratification, that might also contribute to define more personalized medical treatments. In this review, we will discuss the usefulness of inflammatory molecules, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and cardiac damage markers, as well as novel components of the liquid biopsy, extracellular vesicles (EVs), and non-coding RNAs for lower limb PAD identification, stratification, and outcome assessment. We will also explore the potential of machine learning methods to build prediction models to refine PAD assessment. In this line, the usefulness of multimarker approaches to evaluate this complex multifactorial disease will be also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goren Saenz-Pipaon
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (G.S.-P.); (J.O.); (J.A.P.)
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.-A.); (A.G.M.); (L.F.-A.)
| | - Esther Martinez-Aguilar
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.-A.); (A.G.M.); (L.F.-A.)
- Departamento de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Josune Orbe
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (G.S.-P.); (J.O.); (J.A.P.)
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.-A.); (A.G.M.); (L.F.-A.)
- CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Arantxa González Miqueo
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.-A.); (A.G.M.); (L.F.-A.)
- CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Heart Failure, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Leopoldo Fernandez-Alonso
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.-A.); (A.G.M.); (L.F.-A.)
- Departamento de Angiología y Cirugía Vascular, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Paramo
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (G.S.-P.); (J.O.); (J.A.P.)
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.-A.); (A.G.M.); (L.F.-A.)
- CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Hematology Service, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Roncal
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cima Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (G.S.-P.); (J.O.); (J.A.P.)
- IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.-A.); (A.G.M.); (L.F.-A.)
- CIBERCV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-948194700
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23
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Tapparo M, Pomatto MAC, Deregibus MC, Papadimitriou E, Cavallari C, D'Antico S, Collino F, Camussi G. Serum Derived Extracellular Vesicles Mediated Delivery of Synthetic miRNAs in Human Endothelial Cells. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:636587. [PMID: 33842542 PMCID: PMC8032863 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.636587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged in the last decades as a cell-to-cell communication mechanism. One of their mechanism of action is the direct delivery of their cargo, composed of bioactive molecules to target cells. Different methods (direct electroporation, cell transfection, chemical transfection) were developed to vehicle therapeutic molecules through EVs. However, most of these techniques presented some limitations such as EV disruption and aggregation. In the present study, we demonstrated that a direct temperature-controlled co-incubation of EVs with defined miRNAs is a stable method to deliver information to target cells without affecting EV constitutive content. We chose serum as an easy and abundant source of EVs applicable to autologous treatment after EV modification. Exogenous cel-miR-39 loaded on serum EVs (SEVs) was taken up by human endothelial cells, demonstrating an adequate miRNA loading efficacy based on the co-incubation method. Moreover, SEVs co-incubation with the angiomiRNA-126 (miR-126) enhanced their angiogenic properties in vitro and in vivo by increasing the capacity to induce capillary-like structure formation of human endothelial cells. MiR-126 loaded EVs were also shown to stimulate mouse endothelial cells to invade Matrigel plugs and create more vessels with respect to the EV naive counterpart. When SEVs were loaded with miR-19b, an anti-angiogenic miRNA, they were able to reduce Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) pro-angiogenic capacity, supporting the selective biological effect mediated by the carried miRNA. Lastly, we identified Annexin A2 (ANXA2) as one of the molecules involved in the exogenous RNA binding to serum EV surface, favoring miRNA delivery to target endothelial cells for potential therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Tapparo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Elli Papadimitriou
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Sergio D'Antico
- Blood Bank, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Collino
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Paediatric Nephro-Urology, Fondazione Ca' Granda IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
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24
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Zeng W, Lei Q, Ma J, Gao S, Ju R. Endothelial Progenitor Cell-Derived Microvesicles Promote Angiogenesis in Rat Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells In vitro. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:638351. [PMID: 33679329 PMCID: PMC7930325 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.638351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) are a major component of the blood-brain barrier that maintains brain homeostasis. Preserving and restoring the normal biological functions of BMECs can reverse or reduce brain injury. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may promote brain vascular remodeling and restore normal endothelial function. As a novel vehicle for cell-cell communication, microvesicles (MVs) have varied biological functions. The present study investigated the biological effects of EPC-derived MVs (EPC-MVs) on BMECs in vitro. We isolated MVs from the supernatant of EPCs in a serum-depleted medium. BMECs were cultured alone or in the presence of EPC-MVs. BMEC viability and proliferation were evaluated with the Cell Counting Kit-8 and by flow cytometry, and the proangiogenic effect of EPC-MVs on BMECs was assessed with the transwell migration, wound healing, and tube formation assays. Our results showed that EPC-derived MVs labeled with DiI were internalized by cultured BMECs; this enhanced BMEC viability and promoted their proliferation. EPC-MVs also stimulated migration and tube formation in BMECs. These results demonstrate that EPC-derived MVs exert a proangiogenic effect on BMECs, which has potential applications in cell-free therapy for brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zeng
- Department of Neonatology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiaoling Lei
- Department of Neonatology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiao Ma
- Department of Neonatology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuqiang Gao
- Department of Neonatology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Ju
- Department of Neonatology, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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25
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Fujimoto S, Fujita Y, Kadota T, Araya J, Kuwano K. Intercellular Communication by Vascular Endothelial Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Their MicroRNAs in Respiratory Diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 7:619697. [PMID: 33614707 PMCID: PMC7890564 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.619697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory diseases and their comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease and muscle atrophy, have been increasing in the world. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which include exosomes and microvesicles, are released from almost all cell types and play crucial roles in intercellular communication, both in the regulation of homeostasis and the pathogenesis of various diseases. Exosomes are of endosomal origin and range in size from 50 to 150 nm in diameter, while microvesicles are generated by the direct outward budding of the plasma membrane in size ranges of 100-2,000 nm in diameter. EVs can contain various proteins, metabolites, and nucleic acids, such as mRNA, non-coding RNA species, and DNA fragments. In addition, these nucleic acids in EVs can be functional in recipient cells through EV cargo. The endothelium is a distributed organ of considerable biological importance, and disrupted endothelial function is involved in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary hypertension, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Endothelial cell-derived EVs (EC-EVs) play crucial roles in both physiological and pathological conditions by traveling to distant sites through systemic circulation. This review summarizes the pathological roles of vascular microRNAs contained in EC-EVs in respiratory diseases, mainly focusing on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary hypertension, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Furthermore, this review discusses the potential clinical usefulness of EC-EVs as therapeutic agents in respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Fujimoto
- Division of Respiratory Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Fujita
- Division of Respiratory Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Translational Research for Exosomes, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Kadota
- Division of Respiratory Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Araya
- Division of Respiratory Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kuwano
- Division of Respiratory Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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26
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Gholami L, Nooshabadi VT, Shahabi S, Jazayeri M, Tarzemany R, Afsartala Z, Khorsandi K. Extracellular vesicles in bone and periodontal regeneration: current and potential therapeutic applications. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:16. [PMID: 33436061 PMCID: PMC7802187 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00527-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their secretomes are considered important factors in the field of medical tissue engineering and cell free biotherapy due to their ease of access, differentiation potential, and successful therapeutic outcomes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and the conditioned medium (CM) from MSCs are gaining more attraction as an alternative to cell-based therapies due to the less ethical issues involved, and their easier acquisition, preservation, long term storage, sterilization, and packaging. Bone and periodontal regenerative ability of EVs and CM have been the focus of some recent studies. In this review, we looked through currently available literature regarding MSCs' EVs or conditioned medium and their general characteristics, function, and regenerative potentials. We will also review the novel applications in regenerating bone and periodontal defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Gholami
- Department of Periodontics, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Vajihe Taghdiri Nooshabadi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Science, Semnan, Iran
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Shiva Shahabi
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Jazayeri
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rana Tarzemany
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Zohreh Afsartala
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khatereh Khorsandi
- Department of Photodynamic, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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27
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Rasheed A, Shawky SA, Tsai R, Jung RG, Simard T, Saikali MF, Hibbert B, Rayner KJ, Cummins CL. The secretome of liver X receptor agonist-treated early outgrowth cells decreases atherosclerosis in Ldlr-/- mice. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 10:479-491. [PMID: 33231376 PMCID: PMC7900590 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) promote the maintenance of the endothelium by secreting vasoreparative factors. A population of EPCs known as early outgrowth cells (EOCs) is being investigated as novel cell‐based therapies for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. We previously demonstrated that the absence of liver X receptors (LXRs) is detrimental to the formation and function of EOCs under hypercholesterolemic conditions. Here, we investigate whether LXR activation in EOCs is beneficial for the treatment of atherosclerosis. EOCs were differentiated from the bone marrow of wild‐type (WT) and LXR‐knockout (Lxrαβ−/−) mice in the presence of vehicle or LXR agonist (GW3965). WT EOCs treated with GW3965 throughout differentiation showed reduced mRNA expression of endothelial lineage markers (Cd144, Vegfr2) compared with WT vehicle and Lxrαβ−/− EOCs. GW3965‐treated EOCs produced secreted factors that reduced monocyte adhesion to activated endothelial cells in culture. When injected into atherosclerosis‐prone Ldlr−/− mice, GW3965‐treated EOCs, or their corresponding conditioned media (CM) were both able to reduce aortic sinus plaque burden compared with controls. Furthermore, when human EOCs (obtained from patients with established CAD) were treated with GW3965 and the CM applied to endothelial cells, monocyte adhesion was decreased, indicating that our results in mice could be translated to patients. Ex vivo LXR agonist treatment of EOCs therefore produces a secretome that decreases early atherosclerosis in Ldlr−/− mice, and additionally, CM from human EOCs significantly inhibits monocyte to endothelial adhesion. Thus, active factor(s) within the GW3965‐treated EOC secretome may have the potential to be useful for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Rasheed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah A Shawky
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ricky Tsai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard G Jung
- Capital Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Trevor Simard
- Capital Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael F Saikali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benjamin Hibbert
- Capital Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katey J Rayner
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carolyn L Cummins
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,The Heart and Stroke Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence in Cardiovascular Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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28
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Elangovan S, Gajendrareddy P, Ravindran S, Salem AK. Emerging local delivery strategies to enhance bone regeneration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 15:062001. [PMID: 32647095 PMCID: PMC10148649 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aba446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In orthopedics and dentistry there is an increasing need for novel biomaterials and clinical strategies to achieve predictable bone regeneration. These novel molecular strategies have the potential to eliminate the limitations of currently available approaches. Specifically, they have the potential to reduce or eliminate the need to harvest autogenous bone, and the overall complexity of the clinical procedures. In this review, emerging tissue engineering strategies that have been, or are currently being, developed based on the current understanding of bone biology, development and wound healing will be discussed. In particular, protein/peptide based approaches, DNA/RNA therapeutics, cell therapy, and the use of exosomes will be briefly covered. The review ends with a summary of the current status of these approaches, their clinical translational potentials and their challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satheesh Elangovan
- Department of Periodontics, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States of America
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29
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Potential Therapeutic Effects of Exosomes in Regenerative Endodontics. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 120:104946. [PMID: 33129129 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review aims to describe the basic characteristics of exosomes, and summarize their possible source and potential biological effects in pulp regeneration, providing new insights into the therapeutic role of exosomes for regenerative endodontics in the future. DESIGN A comprehensive review of scientific literature related to exosomes potentially used for pulp regeneration was conducted. RESULTS Dental mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an important role in dental pulp regeneration. MSC-derived exosomes, as important biotransmitters in intercellular communication, have been shown to replicate the therapeutic effects of their parental cells. These exosomes have better stability, lower immunogenicity, higher safety and clinical efficiency, making it possible to apply them in pulp regeneration. Existing research suggests that exosomes could trigger the regeneration of dentin/pulp-like tissue in vivo, which may attribute to their role in promoting pulp angiogenesis, regulating dental cell proliferation, migration and differentiation, and providing neuroprotection. CONCLUSIONS The applications of exosomes in the treatment of pulp regeneration have great potential, and exosomes may become ideal therapeutic biomaterial in regenerative endodontics.
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30
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Duddu S, Chakrabarti R, Ghosh A, Shukla PC. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transcription Factors in Cardiovascular Pathology. Front Genet 2020; 11:588602. [PMID: 33193725 PMCID: PMC7596349 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.588602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors as multifaceted modulators of gene expression that play a central role in cell proliferation, differentiation, lineage commitment, and disease progression. They interact among themselves and create complex spatiotemporal gene regulatory networks that modulate hematopoiesis, cardiogenesis, and conditional differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells into cells of cardiovascular lineage. Additionally, bone marrow-derived stem cells potentially contribute to the cardiovascular cell population and have shown potential as a therapeutic approach to treat cardiovascular diseases. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms are currently debatable. This review focuses on some key transcription factors and associated epigenetic modifications that modulate the maintenance and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells and cardiac progenitor cells. In addition to this, we aim to summarize different potential clinical therapeutic approaches in cardiac regeneration therapy and recent discoveries in stem cell-based transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Praphulla Chandra Shukla
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
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Osman A, Benameur T, Korashy HM, Zeidan A, Agouni A. Interplay between Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Large Extracellular Vesicles (Microparticles) in Endothelial Cell Dysfunction. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E409. [PMID: 33053883 PMCID: PMC7599704 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8100409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon increased demand for protein synthesis, accumulation of misfolded and/or unfolded proteins within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a pro-survival response is activated termed unfolded protein response (UPR), aiming at restoring the proper function of the ER. Prolonged activation of the UPR leads, however, to ER stress, a cellular state that contributes to the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases including obesity and diabetes. ER stress response by itself can result in endothelial dysfunction, a hallmark of cardiovascular disease, through various cellular mechanisms including apoptosis, insulin resistance, inflammation and oxidative stress. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly large EVs (lEVs) commonly referred to as microparticles (MPs), are membrane vesicles. They are considered as a fingerprint of their originating cells, carrying a variety of molecular components of their parent cells. lEVs are emerging as major contributors to endothelial cell dysfunction in various metabolic disease conditions. However, the mechanisms underpinning the role of lEVs in endothelial dysfunction are not fully elucidated. Recently, ER stress emerged as a bridging molecular link between lEVs and endothelial cell dysfunction. Therefore, in the current review, we summarized the roles of lEVs and ER stress in endothelial dysfunction and discussed the molecular crosstalk and relationship between ER stress and lEVs in endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Osman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (A.O.); (H.M.K.)
| | - Tarek Benameur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hesham M. Korashy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (A.O.); (H.M.K.)
| | - Asad Zeidan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar;
| | - Abdelali Agouni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; (A.O.); (H.M.K.)
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Wang J, Chen S, Zhang W, Chen Y, Bihl JC. Exosomes from miRNA-126-modified endothelial progenitor cells alleviate brain injury and promote functional recovery after stroke. CNS Neurosci Ther 2020; 26:1255-1265. [PMID: 33009888 PMCID: PMC7702230 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims We previously showed that the protective effects of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs)‐released exosomes (EPC‐EXs) on endothelium in diabetes. However, whether EPC‐EXs are protective in diabetic ischemic stroke is unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of EPC‐EXs on diabetic stroke mice and tested whether miR‐126 enriched EPC‐EXs (EPC‐EXsmiR126) have enhanced efficacy. Methods The db/db mice subjected to ischemic stroke were intravenously administrated with EPC‐EXs 2 hours after ischemic stroke. The infarct volume, cerebral microvascular density (MVD), cerebral blood flow (CBF), neurological function, angiogenesis and neurogenesis, and levels of cleaved caspase‐3, miR‐126, and VEGFR2 were measured on day 2 and 14. Results We found that (a) injected EPC‐EXs merged with brain endothelial cells, neurons, astrocytes, and microglia in the peri‐infarct area; (b) EPC‐EXsmiR126 were more effective than EPC‐EXs in decreasing infarct size and increasing CBF and MVD, and in promoting angiogenesis and neurogenesis as well as neurological functional recovery; (c) These effects were accompanied with downregulated cleaved caspase‐3 on day 2 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) upregulation till day 14. Conclusion Our results indicate that enrichment of miR126 enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of EPC‐EXs on diabetic ischemic stroke by attenuating acute injury and promoting neurological function recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinju Wang
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Shuzhen Chen
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Yanfang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Ji C Bihl
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Science, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA
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Kesidou D, da Costa Martins PA, de Windt LJ, Brittan M, Beqqali A, Baker AH. Extracellular Vesicle miRNAs in the Promotion of Cardiac Neovascularisation. Front Physiol 2020; 11:579892. [PMID: 33101061 PMCID: PMC7546892 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.579892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide claiming almost 17. 9 million deaths annually. A primary cause is atherosclerosis within the coronary arteries, which restricts blood flow to the heart muscle resulting in myocardial infarction (MI) and cardiac cell death. Despite substantial progress in the management of coronary heart disease (CHD), there is still a significant number of patients developing chronic heart failure post-MI. Recent research has been focused on promoting neovascularisation post-MI with the ultimate goal being to reduce the extent of injury and improve function in the failing myocardium. Cardiac cell transplantation studies in pre-clinical models have shown improvement in cardiac function; nonetheless, poor retention of the cells has indicated a paracrine mechanism for the observed improvement. Cell communication in a paracrine manner is controlled by various mechanisms, including extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs have emerged as novel regulators of intercellular communication, by transferring molecules able to influence molecular pathways in the recipient cell. Several studies have demonstrated the ability of EVs to stimulate angiogenesis by transferring microRNA (miRNA, miR) molecules to endothelial cells (ECs). In this review, we describe the process of neovascularisation and current developments in modulating neovascularisation in the heart using miRNAs and EV-bound miRNAs. Furthermore, we critically evaluate methods used in cell culture, EV isolation and administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Kesidou
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Paula A. da Costa Martins
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Leon J. de Windt
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Mairi Brittan
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Abdelaziz Beqqali
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Howard Baker
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Qiao S, Zhang W, Yin Y, Wei Z, Chen F, Zhao J, Sun X, Mu D, Xie J, Xu B. Extracellular vesicles derived from Krüppel-Like Factor 2-overexpressing endothelial cells attenuate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by preventing Ly6C high monocyte recruitment. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:11562-11579. [PMID: 33052233 PMCID: PMC7545985 DOI: 10.7150/thno.45459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) process in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) triggers an immune response, resulting in myocyte death. Krüppel-Like Factor 2 (KLF2), which is highly expressed in endothelial cells (ECs) under laminar flow, exerts anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we explored the role of small extracellular vesicles (EVs) from KLF2-overexpressing ECs (KLF2-EVs) in the immunomodulation and its implications in myocardial I/R injury. Methods and Results: The small EVs were isolated from KLF2-overexpressing ECs' supernatant using gradient centrifugation. Mice were subjected to 45 min of ischemia followed by reperfusion, and KLF2-EVs were administrated through intravenous injection. KLF2-EVs ameliorated I/R injury and alleviated inflammation level in the serum and heart. We employed the macrophage depletion model and splenectomy and showed that Ly6Chigh monocyte recruitment from bone marrow was the main target of KLF2-EVs. miRNA-sequencing of KLF2-EVs and bioinformatics analysis implicated miRNA-24-3p (miR-24-3p) as a potent candidate mediator of monocyte recruitment and CCR2 as a downstream target. miR-24-3p mimic inhibited the migration of Ly6Chigh monocytes, and miR-24-3p antagomir reversed the effect of KLF2-EVs in myocardial I/R. Conclusion: Our data demonstrated that KLF2-EVs attenuated myocardial I/R injury in mice via shuttling miR-24-3p that restrained the Ly6Chigh monocyte recruitment. Thus, KLF2-EVs could be a potential therapeutic agent for myocardial I/R injury.
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Desjarlais M, Dussault S, Rivera JC, Chemtob S, Rivard A. MicroRNA Expression Profiling of Bone Marrow-Derived Proangiogenic Cells (PACs) in a Mouse Model of Hindlimb Ischemia: Modulation by Classical Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Front Genet 2020; 11:947. [PMID: 32973881 PMCID: PMC7472865 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Classical cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) are associated with impaired angiogenic activities of bone marrow–derived proangiogenic cells (PACs) related to peripheral artery diseases (PADs) and ischemia-induced neovascularization. MicroRNAs (miRs) are key regulators of gene expression, and they are involved in the modulation of PAC function and PAC paracrine activity. However, the effects of CRFs on the modulation of miR expression in PACs are unknown. Aims and Methods We used a model of hindlimb ischemia and next-generation sequencing to perform a complete profiling of miRs in PACs isolated from the bone marrow of mice subjected to three models of CRFs: aging, smoking (SMK) and hypercholesterolemia (HC). Results Approximately 570 miRs were detected in PACs in the different CRF models. When excluding miRs with a very low expression level (<100 RPM), 40 to 61 miRs were found to be significantly modulated by aging, SMK, or HC. In each CRF condition, we identified downregulated proangiogenic miRs and upregulated antiangiogenic miRs that could contribute to explain PAC dysfunction. Interestingly, several miRs were similarly downregulated (e.g., miR-542-3p, miR-29) or upregulated (e.g., miR-501, miR-92a) in all CRF conditions. In silico approaches including Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and cluster dendogram analyses identified predictive effects of these miRs on pathways having key roles in the modulation of angiogenesis and PAC function, including vascular endothelial growth factor signaling, extracellular matrix remodeling, PI3K/AKT/MAPK signaling, transforming growth factor beta (TGFb) pathway, p53, and cell cycle progression. Conclusion This study describes for the first time the effects of CRFs on the modulation of miR profile in PACs related to PAD and ischemia-induced neovascularization. We found that several angiogenesis-modulating miRs are similarly altered in different CRF conditions. Our findings constitute a solid framework for the identification of miRs that could be targeted in PACs in order to improve their angiogenic function and for the future development of novel therapies to improve neovascularization and reduce tissue damage in patients with severe PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Desjarlais
- Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvie Dussault
- Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - José Carlos Rivera
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Department of Ophthalmology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Departments of Pediatrics, Ophthalmology and Pharmacology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alain Rivard
- Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Wang J, Liu H, Chen S, Zhang W, Chen Y, Yang Y. Moderate exercise has beneficial effects on mouse ischemic stroke by enhancing the functions of circulating endothelial progenitor cell-derived exosomes. Exp Neurol 2020; 330:113325. [PMID: 32325158 PMCID: PMC11055452 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes (EXs) are emerging as novel players in the beneficial effects induced by exercise on vascular diseases. We have recently revealed that moderate exercise enhances the function of circulating endothelial progenitor cell-derived EXs (cEPC-EXs) on protecting endothelial cells against hypoxia injury. However, the relationship between the changes of cEPC-EXs and the effects of exercise on ischemic stroke (IS) is unknown. Here, we investigated whether exercise-regulated EPC-EXs contribute to the beneficial effects of exercise on IS. C57BL/6 mice received moderate treadmill exercise (10 m/min) for 4-wks and then were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) stroke. The neurologic deficit score (NDS), infarct volume, microvessel density, cell apoptosis, angiogenesis/neurogenesis, sensorimotor functions were determined on day 2 (acute stage) and/or day 28 (chronic stage) post-stroke. The miR-126 and EPC-EX levels were analyzed by RT-PCR or nanoparticle tracking analysis combined with microbeads and used for correlation analyses. The function of EPC-EXs from exercised mice was detected in a hypoxia neuron model. Cell apoptosis, axon growth ability and gene expressions (cas-3 and Akt) were measured. Our data showed that: i) On day 2, exercised mice had decreased NDS and infarct volume, reduced cell apoptosis rate and cleaved cas-3 level, and a higher microvessel density than those in control (no-exercise) mice. The levels of EPC-EXs in plasma and brain tissue were raised and positively correlated in exercised mice. Meanwhile, the miR-126 level in cEPC-EXs and in ischemic tissue were upregulated in exercised mice. The EPC-EXs and their carried miR-126 levels negatively correlated with the infarct volume and cell apoptosis, whereas positively correlated with microvessel density. In addition, cEPC-EXs from exercised mice elicited protective effects on neurons against hypoxia-induced apoptosis and compromised axon growth ability which were blocked by miR-126 and PI3k inhibitors in vitro. ii) On day 28, exercised mice had less infarct volume, higher microvessel density, angiogenesis/neurogenesis and better sensorimotor functions. The levels of BDNF, p-TrkB/TrkB and p-Akt/Akt were upregulated in the brain of exercised mice. These recovery indexes correlated with the levels of cEPC-EXs and their miR-126. In conclusion, our data suggest that moderate exercise intervention has protective effects on the brain against MCAO-induced ischemic injury in both acute and chronic stages which might via the release of miR-126 enriched EPC-EXs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinju Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435, USA.
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435, USA; College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Shuzhen Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435, USA
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435, USA
| | - Yanfang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435, USA
| | - Yi Yang
- College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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Yang L, Zang G, Li J, Li X, Li Y, Zhao Y. Cell-derived biomimetic nanoparticles as a novel drug delivery system for atherosclerosis: predecessors and perspectives. Regen Biomater 2020; 7:349-358. [PMID: 32793380 PMCID: PMC7414994 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbaa019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a key mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality. In the field of precision medicine for the treatment of atherosclerosis, nanoparticle (NP)-mediated drug delivery systems have great potential, owing to their ability to release treatment locally. Cell-derived biomimetic NPs have attracted extensive attention at present due to their excellent targeting to atherosclerotic inflammatory sites, low immunogenicity and long blood circulation time. Here, we review the utility of cell-derived biomimetic NPs, including whole cells, cell membranes and extracellular vesicles, in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Yang
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Guangchao Zang
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xinyue Li
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yuanzhu Li
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yinping Zhao
- Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China
- Correspondence address. Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, China. Tel: +86 18883256765; E-mail:
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Parfejevs V, Sagini K, Buss A, Sobolevska K, Llorente A, Riekstina U, Abols A. Adult Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer Treatment: Opportunities and Challenges. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051171. [PMID: 32397238 PMCID: PMC7290929 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells (SCs) participate in tissue repair and homeostasis regulation. The relative ease of SC handling and their therapeutic effect has made of these cell popular candidates for cellular therapy. However, several problems interfere with their clinical application in cancer treatment, like safety issues, unpredictable pro-tumour effects, and tissue entrapment. Therefore cell-free therapies that exhibit SC properties are being investigated. It is now well known that adult SCs exhibit their therapeutic effect via paracrine mechanisms. In addition to secretory proteins, SCs also release extracellular vesicles (EV) that deliver their contents to the target cells. Cancer treatment is one of the most promising applications of SC-EVs. Moreover, SC-EVs could be modified to improve targeted drug delivery. The aim of the review is to summarise current knowledge of adult SC-EV application in cancer treatment and to emphasise future opportunities and challenges in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadims Parfejevs
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, House of Science, Jelgavas Str 3, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (V.P.); (U.R.)
| | - Krizia Sagini
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (K.S.); (A.L.)
| | - Arturs Buss
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str 1, k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (A.B.); (K.S.)
| | - Kristine Sobolevska
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str 1, k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (A.B.); (K.S.)
| | - Alicia Llorente
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (K.S.); (A.L.)
| | - Una Riekstina
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, House of Science, Jelgavas Str 3, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia; (V.P.); (U.R.)
| | - Arturs Abols
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Ratsupites Str 1, k-1, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (A.B.); (K.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Venkat P, Cui C, Chen Z, Chopp M, Zacharek A, Landschoot-Ward J, Culmone L, Yang XP, Xu J, Chen J. CD133+Exosome Treatment Improves Cardiac Function after Stroke in Type 2 Diabetic Mice. Transl Stroke Res 2020; 12:112-124. [PMID: 32198711 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-020-00807-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac complications post-stroke are common, and diabetes exacerbates post-stroke cardiac injury. In this study, we tested whether treatment with exosomes harvested from human umbilical cord blood derived CD133+ cells (CD133+Exo) improves cardiac function in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) stroke mice. Adult (3-4 m), male, BKS.Cg-m+/+Leprdb/J (db/db, T2DM) and non-DM (db+) mice were randomized to sham or photothrombotic stroke groups. T2DM-stroke mice were treated with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or CD133+Exo (20 μg, i.v.) at 3 days after stroke. T2DM sham and T2DM+CD133+Exo treatment groups were included as controls. Echocardiography was performed, and mice were sacrificed at 28 days after stroke. Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, myocardial capillary density, interstitial fibrosis, and inflammatory factor expression were measured in the heart. MicroRNA-126 expression and its target gene expression were measured in the heart. T2DM mice exhibit significant cardiac deficits such as decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and shortening fraction (LVSF), increased left ventricular diastolic dimension (LVDD), and reduced heart rate compared to non-DM mice. Stroke in non-DM and T2DM mice significantly decreases LVEF compared to non-DM and T2DM-sham, respectively. Cardiac dysfunction is worse in T2DM-stroke mice compared to non-DM-stroke mice. CD133+Exo treatment of T2DM-stroke mice significantly improves cardiac function identified by increased LVEF and decreased LVDD compared to PBS treated T2DM-stroke mice. In addition, CD133+Exo treatment significantly decreases body weight and blood glucose but does not decrease lesion volume in T2DM-stroke mice. CD133+Exo treatment of T2DM mice significantly decreases body weight and blood glucose but does not improve cardiac function. CD133+Exo treatment in T2DM-stroke mice significantly decreases myocardial cross-sectional area, interstitial fibrosis, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), numbers of M1 macrophages, and oxidative stress markers 4-HNE (4-hydroxynonenal) and NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) in heart tissue. CD133+Exo treatment increases myocardial capillary density in T2DM-stroke mice as well as upregulates endothelial cell capillary tube formation in vitro. MiR-126 is highly expressed in CD133+Exo compared to exosomes derived from endothelial cells. Compared to PBS treatment, CD133+Exo treatment significantly increases miR-126 expression in the heart and decreases its target gene expression such as Sprouty-related, EVH1 domain-containing protein 1 (Spred-1), vascular cell adhesion protein (VCAM), and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) in the heart of T2DM-stroke mice. CD133+Exo treatment significantly improves cardiac function in T2DM-stroke mice. The cardio-protective effects of CD133+Exo in T2DM-stroke mice may be attributed at least in part to increasing miR-126 expression and decreasing its target protein expression in the heart, increased myocardial capillary density and decreased cardiac inflammatory factor expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poornima Venkat
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Chengcheng Cui
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Zhili Chen
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Michael Chopp
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, 48309, USA
| | - Alex Zacharek
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | | | - Lauren Culmone
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Xiao-Ping Yang
- Hypertension Research, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Jiang Xu
- Hypertension Research, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Jieli Chen
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
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40
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Pérez-Cremades D, Cheng HS, Feinberg MW. Noncoding RNAs in Critical Limb Ischemia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:523-533. [PMID: 31893949 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease, caused by chronic arterial occlusion of the lower extremities, affects over 200 million people worldwide. Peripheral artery disease can progress into critical limb ischemia (CLI), its more severe manifestation, which is associated with higher risk of limb amputation and cardiovascular death. Aiming to improve tissue perfusion, therapeutic angiogenesis held promise to improve ischemic limbs using delivery of growth factors but has not successfully translated into benefits for patients. Moreover, accumulating studies suggest that impaired downstream signaling of these growth factors (or angiogenic resistance) may significantly contribute to CLI, particularly under harsh environments, such as diabetes mellitus. Noncoding RNAs are essential regulators of gene expression that control a range of pathophysiologies relevant to CLI, including angiogenesis/arteriogenesis, hypoxia, inflammation, stem/progenitor cells, and diabetes mellitus. In this review, we summarize the role of noncoding RNAs, including microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, as functional mediators or biomarkers in the pathophysiology of CLI. A better understanding of these ncRNAs in CLI may provide opportunities for new targets in the prevention, diagnosis, and therapeutic management of this disabling disease state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pérez-Cremades
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.P.-C., H.S.C., M.W.F.).,Department of Physiology, University of Valencia and INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Spain (D.P.-C.)
| | - Henry S Cheng
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.P.-C., H.S.C., M.W.F.)
| | - Mark W Feinberg
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (D.P.-C., H.S.C., M.W.F.)
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Liu A, Zhang X, He H, Zhou L, Naito Y, Sugita S, Lee JW. Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-derived secretome and vesicles for lung injury and disease. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2019; 20:125-140. [PMID: 31701782 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2020.1689954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a devastating clinical condition common in patients with respiratory failure. Based largely on numerous preclinical studies and recent Phase I/II clinical trials, administration of stem cells, specifically mesenchymal stem or stromal cells (MSC), as a therapeutic for acute lung injury (ALI) holds great promise. However, concern for the use of stem cells, specifically the risk of iatrogenic tumor formation, remains unresolved. Accumulating evidence now suggest that stem cell-derived conditioned medium (CM) and/or extracellular vesicles (EV) might constitute compelling alternatives.Areas covered: The current review focuses on the preclinical studies testing MSC CM and/or EV as treatment for ALI and other inflammatory lung diseases.Expert opinion: Clinical application of MSC or their secreted CM may be limited by the cost of growing enough cells, the logistic of MSC storage, and the lack of standardization of what constitutes MSC CM. However, the clinical application of MSC EV remains promising, primarily due to the ability of EV to maintain the functional phenotype of the parent cell as a therapeutic. However, utilization of MSC EV will also require large-scale production, the cost of which may be prohibitive unless the potency of the EV can be increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airan Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiwen Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongli He
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Li Zhou
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yoshifumi Naito
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shinji Sugita
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jae-Woo Lee
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Figliolini F, Ranghino A, Grange C, Cedrino M, Tapparo M, Cavallari C, Rossi A, Togliatto G, Femminò S, Gugliuzza MV, Camussi G, Brizzi MF. Extracellular Vesicles From Adipose Stem Cells Prevent Muscle Damage and Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Hind Limb Ischemia: Role of Neuregulin-1. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 40:239-254. [PMID: 31665908 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.313506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Critical hindlimb ischemia is a severe consequence of peripheral artery disease. Surgical treatment does not prevent skeletal muscle impairment or improve long-term patient outcomes. The present study investigates the protective/regenerative potential and the mechanism of action of adipose stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (ASC-EVs) in a mouse model of hindlimb ischemia. Approach and Results: We demonstrated that ASC-EVs exert a protective effect on muscle damage by acting both on tissue microvessels and muscle cells. The genes involved in muscle regeneration were up-regulated in the ischemic muscles of ASC-EV-treated animals. MyoD expression has also been confirmed in satellite cells. This was followed by a reduction in muscle function impairment in vivo. ASC-EVs drive myoblast proliferation and differentiation in the in vitro ischemia/reoxygenation model. Moreover, ASC-EVs have shown an anti-apoptotic effect both in vitro and in vivo. Transcriptomic analyses have revealed that ASC-EVs carry a variety of pro-angiogenic mRNAs, while proteomic analyses have demonstrated an enrichment of NRG1 (neuregulin 1). A NRG1 blocking antibody used in vivo demonstrated that NRG1 is relevant to ASC-EV-induced muscle protection, vascular growth, and recruitment of inflammatory cells. Finally, bioinformatic analyses on 18 molecules that were commonly detected in ASC-EVs, including mRNAs and proteins, confirmed the enrichment of pathways involved in vascular growth and muscle regeneration/protection. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that ASC-EVs display pro-angiogenic and skeletal muscle protective properties that are associated with their NRG1/mRNA cargo. We, therefore, propose that ASC-EVs are a useful tool for therapeutic angiogenesis and muscle protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Figliolini
- From the 2i3T Scarl University of Turin (F.F., M.C., C.C.), University of Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Ranghino
- Department of Medical Sciences (A. Ranghino, C.G., M.T., A. Rossi, G.T., S.F., M.V.G., G.C., M.F.B.), University of Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Grange
- Department of Medical Sciences (A. Ranghino, C.G., M.T., A. Rossi, G.T., S.F., M.V.G., G.C., M.F.B.), University of Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Cedrino
- From the 2i3T Scarl University of Turin (F.F., M.C., C.C.), University of Turin, Italy
| | - Marta Tapparo
- Department of Medical Sciences (A. Ranghino, C.G., M.T., A. Rossi, G.T., S.F., M.V.G., G.C., M.F.B.), University of Turin, Italy
| | - Claudia Cavallari
- From the 2i3T Scarl University of Turin (F.F., M.C., C.C.), University of Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Rossi
- Department of Medical Sciences (A. Ranghino, C.G., M.T., A. Rossi, G.T., S.F., M.V.G., G.C., M.F.B.), University of Turin, Italy
| | - Gabriele Togliatto
- Department of Medical Sciences (A. Ranghino, C.G., M.T., A. Rossi, G.T., S.F., M.V.G., G.C., M.F.B.), University of Turin, Italy
| | - Saveria Femminò
- Department of Medical Sciences (A. Ranghino, C.G., M.T., A. Rossi, G.T., S.F., M.V.G., G.C., M.F.B.), University of Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Gugliuzza
- Department of Medical Sciences (A. Ranghino, C.G., M.T., A. Rossi, G.T., S.F., M.V.G., G.C., M.F.B.), University of Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences (A. Ranghino, C.G., M.T., A. Rossi, G.T., S.F., M.V.G., G.C., M.F.B.), University of Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Felice Brizzi
- Department of Medical Sciences (A. Ranghino, C.G., M.T., A. Rossi, G.T., S.F., M.V.G., G.C., M.F.B.), University of Turin, Italy
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Lv L, Sheng C, Zhou Y. Extracellular vesicles as a novel therapeutic tool for cell-free regenerative medicine in oral rehabilitation. J Oral Rehabil 2019; 47 Suppl 1:29-54. [PMID: 31520537 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Oral maxillofacial defects may always lead to complicated hard and soft tissue loss, including bone, nerve, blood vessels, teeth and skin, which are difficult to restore and severely influence the life quality of patients. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies, are emerging as potential solutions for complex tissue regeneration through cell-free therapies. In this review, we highlight the functional roles of EVs in the regenerative medicine for oral maxillofacial rehabilitation, specifically bone, skin, blood vessels, peripheral nerve and tooth-related tissue regeneration. Publications were reviewed by two researchers independently basing on three databases (PubMed, MEDLINE and Web of Science), until 31 December 2018. Basing on current researches, we classified the origin of EVs for regenerative medicine into four categories: related cells in the regenerative niche, mesenchymal stem cells, immune cells and body fluids. The secretome of different cells are distinct, while the same cells secrete different EVs under varied conditions; therefore, the content profiles of EVs and regulatory mechanisms on target cells are compared and emphasised. By unravelling the regulatory mechanisms of EVs in tissue regeneration, modified cells and tailored EVs with specific target may be produced for precision medicine with high efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longwei Lv
- Department of Prosthodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Chunhui Sheng
- Department of Prosthodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Lin F, Zeng Z, Song Y, Li L, Wu Z, Zhang X, Li Z, Ke X, Hu X. YBX-1 mediated sorting of miR-133 into hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced EPC-derived exosomes to increase fibroblast angiogenesis and MEndoT. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:263. [PMID: 31443679 PMCID: PMC6708233 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1377-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myocardial fibrosis is a common pathophysiological change in cardiovascular disease, which can cause cardiac dysfunction and even sudden death. Excessively activated fibroblasts proliferate and secret excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) components, resulting in normal cardiac structural damage and cardiac fibrosis. We previously found that human endothelial progenitor cell (EPC)-derived exosomes, after hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) induction, could significantly increase the mesenchymal-endothelial transition (MEndoT) compared to normal culture EPC-derived exosomes. Exosomes have been shown to carry different nucleic acids, including microRNAs. However, the effects of microRNAs in EPC-derived exosomes on MEndoT and myocardial fibrosis remain unknown. Methods EPCs were isolated from human peripheral blood, and fibroblasts were isolated from rat hearts, then transfected with miR-133 inhibitor, si-YBX-1, and ov-YBX-1 into EPCs. After H/R induction for 48 h, isolation and characterization of exosomes derived from human EPCs were performed. Finally, fibroblasts were treated by exosome at 48 h. The expression of miR-133 was measured by qRT-PCR; YBX-1 expression was measured by qRT-PCR and western blot. Angiopoiesis was measured by tube formation assay. Endothelial markers and fibrosis markers were measured by western blot. Results H/R treatment promoted miR-133 expression in EPCs and EPC-derived exosomes. miR-133 could be incorporated into exosomes and transmitted to cardiac fibroblasts, increasing the angiogenesis and MEndoT of cardiac fibroblasts. miR-133 silencing in H/R-induced EPCs could inhibit miR-133 expression in EPCs and EPCs-derived exosomes. miR-133 silencing in H/R-induced EPCs could inhibit the angiogenesis and MEndoT of cardiac fibroblasts and reverse the effect of H/R treatment. Additionally, miR-133 was specially sorted into H/R-induced EPC-derived exosomes via YBX-1. YBX-1 silencing inhibited miR-133 transfer and reduced fibroblast angiogenesis and MEndoT. Conclusion miR-133 was specially sorted into H/R-induced EPC-derived exosomes via YBX-1 to increase fibroblast angiogenesis and MEndoT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxia Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Group, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518133, China
| | - Zhicong Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Group, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518133, China
| | - Yinzhi Song
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Group, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518133, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Group, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518133, China.,Graduate School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Zijun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Group, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518133, China
| | - Xiaoduo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Group, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518133, China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Group, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518133, China
| | - Xiao Ke
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, 518057, Guangdong, China. .,Shenzhen University School of Medicine & Shenzhen University Health Science Center, No. 12, Langshan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518057, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xun Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China. .,Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
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Atorvastatin and Conditioned Media from Atorvastatin-Treated Human Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor-Derived Cells Show Proangiogenic Activity In Vitro but Not In Vivo. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:1868170. [PMID: 31396016 PMCID: PMC6664685 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1868170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloid angiogenic cells (MAC) derive from hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) that are mobilized from the bone marrow. They home to sites of neovascularization and contribute to angiogenesis by production of paracrine factors. The number and function of proangiogenic cells are impaired in patients with diabetes or cardiovascular diseases. Both conditions can be accompanied by decreased levels of heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1), cytoprotective, heme-degrading enzyme. Our study is aimed at investigating whether precursors of myeloid angiogenic cells (PACs) treated with known pharmaceuticals would produce media with better proangiogenic activity in vitro and if such media can be used to stimulate blood vessel growth in vivo. We used G-CSF-mobilized CD34+ HSPCs, FACS-sorted from healthy donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Sorted cells were predominantly CD133+. CD34+ cells after six days in culture were stimulated with atorvastatin (AT), acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), sulforaphane (SR), resveratrol (RV), or metformin (Met) for 48 h. Conditioned media from such cells were then used to stimulate human aortic endothelial cells (HAoECs) to enhance tube-like structure formation in a Matrigel assay. The only stimulant that enhanced PAC paracrine angiogenic activity was atorvastatin, which also had ability to stabilize endothelial tubes in vitro. On the other hand, the only one that induced heme oxygenase-1 expression was sulforaphane, a known activator of a HMOX1 inducer—NRF2. None of the stimulants changed significantly the levels of 30 cytokines and growth factors tested with the multiplex test. Then, we used atorvastatin-stimulated cells or conditioned media from them in the Matrigel plug in vivo angiogenic assay. Neither AT alone in control media nor conditioned media nor AT-stimulated cells affected numbers of endothelial cells in the plug or plug's vascularization. Concluding, high concentrations of atorvastatin stabilize tubes and enhance the paracrine angiogenic activity of human PAC cells in vitro. However, the effect was not observed in vivo. Therefore, the use of conditioned media from atorvastatin-treated PAC is not a promising therapeutic strategy to enhance angiogenesis.
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Bian X, Ma K, Zhang C, Fu X. Therapeutic angiogenesis using stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: an emerging approach for treatment of ischemic diseases. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:158. [PMID: 31159859 PMCID: PMC6545721 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1276-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic diseases, which are caused by a reduction of blood supply that results in reduced oxygen transfer and nutrient uptake, are becoming the leading cause of disabilities and deaths. Therapeutic angiogenesis is key for the treatment of these diseases. Stem cells have been used in animal models and clinical trials to treat various ischemic diseases. Recently, the efficacy of stem cell therapy has increasingly been attributed to exocrine functions, particularly extracellular vesicles. Extracellular vesicles are thought to act as intercellular communication vehicles to transport informational molecules including proteins, mRNA, microRNAs, DNA fragments, and lipids. Studies have demonstrated that extracellular vesicles promote angiogenesis in cellular experiments and animal models. Herein, recent reports on the use of extracellular vesicles for therapeutic angiogenesis during ischemic diseases are presented and discussed. We believe that extracellular vesicles-based therapeutics will be an ideal treatment method for patients with ischemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Bian
- Tianjin Medical University, No. 22, Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration of PLA and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Fourth Medical Center of General Hospital of PLA, 100048, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kui Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration of PLA and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Fourth Medical Center of General Hospital of PLA, 100048, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration of PLA and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Fourth Medical Center of General Hospital of PLA, 100048, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration of PLA and Beijing Key Research Laboratory of Skin Injury, Repair and Regeneration, Fourth Medical Center of General Hospital of PLA, 100048, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Sluijter JPG, Davidson SM, Boulanger CM, Buzás EI, de Kleijn DPV, Engel FB, Giricz Z, Hausenloy DJ, Kishore R, Lecour S, Leor J, Madonna R, Perrino C, Prunier F, Sahoo S, Schiffelers RM, Schulz R, Van Laake LW, Ytrehus K, Ferdinandy P. Extracellular vesicles in diagnostics and therapy of the ischaemic heart: Position Paper from the Working Group on Cellular Biology of the Heart of the European Society of Cardiology. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 114:19-34. [PMID: 29106545 PMCID: PMC5852624 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs)—particularly exosomes and microvesicles (MVs)—are attracting considerable interest in the cardiovascular field as the wide range of their functions is recognized. These capabilities include transporting regulatory molecules including different RNA species, lipids, and proteins through the extracellular space including blood and delivering these cargos to recipient cells to modify cellular activity. EVs powerfully stimulate angiogenesis, and can protect the heart against myocardial infarction. They also appear to mediate some of the paracrine effects of cells, and have therefore been proposed as a potential alternative to cell-based regenerative therapies. Moreover, EVs of different sources may be useful biomarkers of cardiovascular disease identities. However, the methods used for the detection and isolation of EVs have several limitations and vary widely between studies, leading to uncertainties regarding the exact population of EVs studied and how to interpret the data. The number of publications in the exosome and MV field has been increasing exponentially in recent years and, therefore, in this ESC Working Group Position Paper, the overall objective is to provide a set of recommendations for the analysis and translational application of EVs focussing on the diagnosis and therapy of the ischaemic heart. This should help to ensure that the data from emerging studies are robust and repeatable, and optimize the pathway towards the diagnostic and therapeutic use of EVs in clinical studies for patient benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost Petrus Gerardus Sluijter
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, 3508GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Edit Iren Buzás
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-SE Immunoproteogenomics Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dominique Paschalis Victor de Kleijn
- Department of Vascular Surgery, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Felix Benedikt Engel
- Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Zoltán Giricz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857.,National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore 169609.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228.,The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, 67 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, UK.,The National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, Research & Development, Maple House 1st floor, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 7DN, UK.,Department of Cardiology, Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, W Smithfield, London EC1A 7BE, UK
| | - Raj Kishore
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa and Lionel Opie Preclinical Imaging Core Facility, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jonathan Leor
- Neufeld Cardiac Research Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Tamman Cardiovascular Research Institute, Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Rosalinda Madonna
- Center of Aging Science and Regenerative Medicine, CESI-Met and Institute of Cardiology, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical School in Houston, TX, USA.,Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cinzia Perrino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrice Prunier
- Institut Mitovasc, CHU d'Angers, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Susmita Sahoo
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ray Michel Schiffelers
- Laboratory Clinical Chemistry and Hematology Division, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 129, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Linda Wilhelmina Van Laake
- Division Heart and Lungs, and Hubrecht Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsti Ytrehus
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, Budapest 1089, Hungary and.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
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Sheveleva ON, Domaratskaya EI, Payushina OV. Extracellular Vesicles and Prospects of Their Use for Tissue Regeneration. BIOCHEMISTRY MOSCOW SUPPLEMENT SERIES A-MEMBRANE AND CELL BIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990747818040104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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El-Gamal H, Parray AS, Mir FA, Shuaib A, Agouni A. Circulating microparticles as biomarkers of stroke: A focus on the value of endothelial- and platelet-derived microparticles. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16739-16754. [PMID: 30912147 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide. Numerous pathophysiological mechanisms involving blood vessels, coagulation and inflammation contribute to the vascular occlusion. Perturbations in these pathways can be detected by numerous methods including changes in endoplasmic membrane remodeling and rearrangement leading to the shedding of microparticles (MPs) from various cellular origins in the blood. MPs are small membrane-derived vesicles that are shed from nearly all cells in the body in resting state or upon stimulation. MPs act as biological messengers to transfer information to adjacent and distant cells thus regulating various biological processes. MPs may be important biomarkers and tools for the identification of the risk and diagnosis of cerebrovascular diseases. Endothelial activation and dysfunction and altered thrombotic responses are two of the main features predisposing to stroke. Endothelial MPs (EMPs) have been recognized as both biomarkers and effectors of endothelial cell activation and injury while platelet-derived MPs (PMPs) carry a strong procoagulant potential and are activated in thrombotic states. Therefore, we reviewed here the role of EMPs and PMPs as biomarkers of stroke. Most studies reported high circulating levels of EMPs and PMPs in addition to other cell origins in stroke patients and have been linked to stroke severity, the size of infarction, and prognosis. The identification and quantification of EMPs and PMPs may thus be useful for the diagnosis and management of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba El-Gamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aijaz S Parray
- The Stroke Program, The Neuroscience Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fayaz A Mir
- Interim Translational Research Institute (iTRI), Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ashfaq Shuaib
- The Stroke Program, The Neuroscience Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Abdelali Agouni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Sisa C, Kholia S, Naylor J, Herrera Sanchez MB, Bruno S, Deregibus MC, Camussi G, Inal JM, Lange S, Hristova M. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Derived Extracellular Vesicles Reduce Hypoxia-Ischaemia Induced Perinatal Brain Injury. Front Physiol 2019; 10:282. [PMID: 30941062 PMCID: PMC6433879 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) insult is a leading cause of disability and death in newborns, with therapeutic hypothermia being the only currently available clinical intervention. Thus there is a great need for adjunct and novel treatments for enhanced or alternative post-HI neuroprotection. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have recently been shown to exhibit regenerative effects in various injury models. Here we present findings showing neuroprotective effects of MSC-derived EVs in the Rice-Vannucci model of severe HI-induced neonatal brain insult. METHODS Mesenchymal stromal/stem cell-derived EVs were applied intranasally immediately post HI-insult and behavioral outcomes were observed 48 h following MSC-EV treatment, as assessed by negative geotaxis. Brains were thereafter excised and assessed for changes in glial responses, cell death, and neuronal loss as markers of damage at 48 h post HI-insult. RESULTS Brains of the MSC-EV treated group showed a significant decrease in microglial activation, cell death, and percentage tissue volume loss in multiple brain regions, compared to the control-treated groups. Furthermore, negative geotaxis test showed improved behavioral outcomes at 48 h following MSC-EV treatment. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the clinical potential of using MSC-derived EVs following neonatal hypoxia-ischaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Sisa
- Perinatal Brain Protection and Repair Group, EGA Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sharad Kholia
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Jordan Naylor
- Perinatal Brain Protection and Repair Group, EGA Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Stefania Bruno
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Deregibus
- 2i3T, Incubator and Technology Transfer, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Jameel M. Inal
- Extracellular Vesicle Research Unit and Bioscience Research Group, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Sigrun Lange
- Tissue Architecture and Regeneration Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mariya Hristova
- Perinatal Brain Protection and Repair Group, EGA Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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