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Mishra SK, Liu T, Wang H. Thousands of oscillating LncRNAs in the mouse testis. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:330-346. [PMID: 38205156 PMCID: PMC10776378 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in numerous fundamental biological processes, including circadian regulation. Although recent studies have revealed insights into the functions of lncRNAs, how the lncRNAs regulate circadian rhythms still requires a deeper investigation. In this study, we generate two datasets of RNA-seq profiles of the mouse (Mus musculus) testis under light-dark (LD) cycle. The first dataset included 18,613 unannotated transcripts measured at 12 time points, each with duplicate samples, under LD conditions; while the second dataset included 21,414 unannotated transcripts measured at six time points, each with three replicates, under desynchronized and control conditions. We identified 5964 testicular lncRNAs in each dataset by BLASTing these transcripts against the known mouse lncRNAs from the NONCODE database. MetaCycle analyses were performed to identify 519, 475, and 494 rhythmically expressed mouse testicular lncRNAs in the 12-time-point dataset, the six-time-point control dataset, and the six-time-point desynchronized dataset, respectively. A comparison of the expression profiles of the lncRNAs under desynchronized and control conditions revealed that 427 rhythmically expressed lncRNAs from the control condition became arrhythmic under the desynchronized condition, suggesting a possible loss of rhythmicity. In contrast, 446 arrhythmic lncRNAs from the control condition became rhythmic under the desynchronized condition, suggesting a possible gain of rhythmicity. Interestingly, 48 lncRNAs were rhythmically expressed under both desynchronized and control conditions. These oscillating lncRNAs were divided into morning lncRNAs, evening lncRNAs, and night lncRNAs based on their time-course expression patterns. We interrogated the promoter regions of these rhythmically expressed mouse testicular lncRNAs to predict their possible regulation by the E-box, D-box, or RORE promoter motifs. GO and KEGG analyses were performed to identify the possible biological functions of these rhythmically expressed mouse testicular lncRNAs. Further, we conducted conservation analyses of the rhythmically expressed mouse testicular lncRNAs with lncRNAs from humans, rats, and zebrafish, and uncovered three mouse testicular lncRNAs conserved across these four species. Finally, we computationally predicted the conserved lncRNA-encoded peptides and their 3D structures from each of the four species. Taken together, our study revealed thousands of rhythmically expressed lncRNAs in the mouse testis, setting the stage for further computational and experimental validations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shital Kumar Mishra
- Center for Circadian Clocks, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Taole Liu
- Center for Circadian Clocks, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Han Wang
- Center for Circadian Clocks, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
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2
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Liu PY. Light pollution: time to consider testicular effects. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2024; 6:1481385. [PMID: 39350795 PMCID: PMC11439877 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2024.1481385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Technological advances have led to a modern-day lighting and smartphone revolution, with artificial light exposure at night increasing to levels never before seen in the evolutionary history of living systems on Earth. Light as a pollutant, however, remains largely unrecognized, and the reproductive effects of light pollution are mostly if not entirely unconsidered. This is despite the reproductive system being intricately linked to metabolism and the circadian system, both of which can be disturbed even by low levels of light. Here, we aim to change this perspective by reviewing the physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms by which light exposure alters the intricate hormonal, metabolic and reproductive networks that are relevant to reproductive toxicology. Nascent human studies have recently identified the photoreceptors responsible for the light dose relationship with melatonin suppression and circadian re-entrainment, directly shown the association between the alignment of light-dark cycles with activity-rest cycles on metabolic health and provided proof-of-principle that properly timed blue light-enriched and blue light-depleted delivery can accelerate circadian re-entrainment. With these advances, there is now a need to consider testicular effects of light pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Y Liu
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Genomics Institute, The Lundquist Institute, Torrance, CA, United States
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3
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Wang J, Chen X, Sun W, Tang W, Chen J, Zhang Y, Li R, Wang Y. Expression of GLOD4 in the Testis of the Qianbei Ma Goat and Its Effect on Leydig Cells. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2611. [PMID: 39272396 PMCID: PMC11393997 DOI: 10.3390/ani14172611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The expression pattern of GLOD4 in the testis and its regulatory effect on testicular cells was explored in goats to enhance our understanding of spermatogenesis and improve reproduction in breeding rams. In this study, we demonstrated the localization of GLOD4 in testicular cells using immunohistochemistry and subcellular localization analyses. Subsequently, we analyzed the GLOD4 expression pattern in four age-based groups (0, 6, 12, and 18 months old) using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and protein blotting. Finally, we performed GLOD4 silencing and overexpression studies in Leydig cells (LCs) and explored the effects on cell proliferation, the cell cycle, steroid hormone secretion and the expression of candidate testosterone hormone-regulated genes. GLOD4 was mainly expressed in Leydig cells, and the subcellular localization results showed that the GLOD4 protein was mainly localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Silencing of GLOD4 significantly suppressed the mRNA expression levels of the testosterone secretion-related genes CYP11A1, 3β-HSD, and CYP17A1 and the mRNA expression levels of cell cycle-related genes CDK6, PCNA, and Cyclin E. Moreover, the cell cycle was blocked at the G2/M phase after GLOD4 silencing, which significantly suppressed testosterone secretion. In contrast, GLOD4 overexpression significantly increased the mRNA expression levels of the testosterone secretion-related genes CYP11A1, 3β-HSD, and CYP17A1 and increased the expression of the cell cycle-related genes CDK6, PCNA, and Cyclin E. Moreover, GLOD4 overexpression promoted the cell cycle from G0/G1 phases to enter the S phase and G2/M phases, promoted the secretion of testosterone. Taken together, our experimental results indicate that GLOD4 may affect the development of cells in Qianbei Ma goats of different ages by influencing the cell cycle, cell proliferation, and testosterone hormone synthesis. These findings enhance our understanding of the functions of GLOD4 in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in The Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in The Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wei Sun
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wen Tang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in The Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jiajing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in The Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in The Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ruiyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in The Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yanfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in The Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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He M, Liu K, Cao J, Chen Q. An update on the role and potential mechanisms of clock genes regulating spermatogenesis: A systematic review of human and animal experimental studies. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2023; 24:585-610. [PMID: 36792803 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-022-09783-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Circadian clocks can be traced in nearly all life kingdoms, with the male reproductive system no exception. However, our understanding of the circadian clock in spermatogenesis seems to fall behind other scenarios. The present review aims to summarize the current knowledge about the role and especially the potential mechanisms of clock genes in spermatogenesis regulation. Accumulating studies have revealed rhythmic oscillation in semen parameters and some physiological events of spermatogenesis. Disturbing the clock gene expression by genetic mutations or environmental changes will also notably damage spermatogenesis. On the other hand, the mechanisms of spermatogenetic regulation by clock genes remain largely unclear. Some recent studies, although not revealing the entire mechanisms, indeed attempted to shed light on this issue. Emerging clues hinted that gonadal hormones, retinoic acid signaling, homologous recombination, and the chromatoid body might be involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis by clock genes. Then we highlight the challenges and the promising directions for future studies so as to stimulate attention to this critical field which has not gained adequate concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengchao He
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jia Cao
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Qing Chen
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Gregg NM, Pal Attia T, Nasseri M, Joseph B, Karoly P, Cui J, Stirling RE, Viana PF, Richner TJ, Nurse ES, Schulze-Bonhage A, Cook MJ, Worrell GA, Richardson MP, Freestone DR, Brinkmann BH. Seizure occurrence is linked to multiday cycles in diverse physiological signals. Epilepsia 2023; 64:1627-1639. [PMID: 37060170 PMCID: PMC10733995 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The factors that influence seizure timing are poorly understood, and seizure unpredictability remains a major cause of disability. Work in chronobiology has shown that cyclical physiological phenomena are ubiquitous, with daily and multiday cycles evident in immune, endocrine, metabolic, neurological, and cardiovascular function. Additionally, work with chronic brain recordings has identified that seizure risk is linked to daily and multiday cycles in brain activity. Here, we provide the first characterization of the relationships between the cyclical modulation of a diverse set of physiological signals, brain activity, and seizure timing. METHODS In this cohort study, 14 subjects underwent chronic ambulatory monitoring with a multimodal wrist-worn sensor (recording heart rate, accelerometry, electrodermal activity, and temperature) and an implanted responsive neurostimulation system (recording interictal epileptiform abnormalities and electrographic seizures). Wavelet and filter-Hilbert spectral analyses characterized circadian and multiday cycles in brain and wearable recordings. Circular statistics assessed electrographic seizure timing and cycles in physiology. RESULTS Ten subjects met inclusion criteria. The mean recording duration was 232 days. Seven subjects had reliable electroencephalographic seizure detections (mean = 76 seizures). Multiday cycles were present in all wearable device signals across all subjects. Seizure timing was phase locked to multiday cycles in five (temperature), four (heart rate, phasic electrodermal activity), and three (accelerometry, heart rate variability, tonic electrodermal activity) subjects. Notably, after regression of behavioral covariates from heart rate, six of seven subjects had seizure phase locking to the residual heart rate signal. SIGNIFICANCE Seizure timing is associated with daily and multiday cycles in multiple physiological processes. Chronic multimodal wearable device recordings can situate rare paroxysmal events, like seizures, within a broader chronobiology context of the individual. Wearable devices may advance the understanding of factors that influence seizure risk and enable personalized time-varying approaches to epilepsy care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M Gregg
- Department of Neurology, Bioelectronics Neurophysiology and Engineering Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Minnesota, Rochester, USA
| | - Tal Pal Attia
- Department of Neurology, Bioelectronics Neurophysiology and Engineering Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Minnesota, Rochester, USA
| | - Mona Nasseri
- School of Engineering, University of North Florida, Florida, Jacksonville, USA
| | - Boney Joseph
- Department of Neurology, Bioelectronics Neurophysiology and Engineering Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Minnesota, Rochester, USA
| | - Philippa Karoly
- Graeme Clark Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jie Cui
- Department of Neurology, Bioelectronics Neurophysiology and Engineering Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Minnesota, Rochester, USA
| | - Rachel E Stirling
- Seer Medical, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Pedro F Viana
- School of Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Thomas J Richner
- Department of Neurology, Bioelectronics Neurophysiology and Engineering Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Minnesota, Rochester, USA
| | - Ewan S Nurse
- Seer Medical, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Fitzroy, Australia
| | | | - Mark J Cook
- Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Fitzroy, Australia
| | - Gregory A Worrell
- Department of Neurology, Bioelectronics Neurophysiology and Engineering Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Minnesota, Rochester, USA
| | | | | | - Benjamin H Brinkmann
- Department of Neurology, Bioelectronics Neurophysiology and Engineering Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Minnesota, Rochester, USA
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Travicic DZ, Pavlovic MV, Medar MLJ, Becin A, Cetnik M, Lalosevic D, Andric SA, Kostic TS. Circadian desynchrony disturbs the function of rat spermatozoa. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151323. [PMID: 37201364 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Decreased male fertility is a growing health problem that requires a better understanding of molecular events regulating reproductive competence. Here the effects of circadian desynchrony on the rat spermatozoa functionality were studied. Circadian desynchrony was induced in rats that lived for 2 months under disturbed light conditions designed to mimic shiftwork in humans (two days of constant light, two days of continual dark, and three days of 14:10 h light:dark schedule). Such a condition abolished circadian oscillations in the rats' voluntary activity, followed by a flattened transcriptional pattern of the pituitary gene encoding follicle stimulating hormone subunit (Fshb), and genes important for germ cell maturation (Tnp1 and Prm2) as well as the clock in seminiferous tubules. However, the number of spermatozoa isolated from the epididymis of the rats suffering from circadian desynchrony did not deviate from the controls. Nevertheless, spermatozoa functionality, estimated by motility and progesterone-induced acrosome reaction, was reduced compared to the control. These changes were associated with the altered level of main markers of mitochondrial biogenesis (Pprgc1a/PGC1A, Nrf1/NRF1, Tfam, Cytc), decreased mitochondrial DNA copy number, ATP content, and clock genes (Bmal1/BMAL1, Clock, Cry1/2, and Reverba). The principal-component-analysis (PCA) points to a positive association of the clock and mitochondrial biogenesis-related genes in spermatozoa from rats suffering circadian desynchrony. Altogether, the results show the harmful effect of circadian desynchrony on spermatozoa functionality, targeting energetic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dijana Z Travicic
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Laboratory for Chronobiology and Aging, Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology and Signaling, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Maja V Pavlovic
- University of Pristina in Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, 38220 Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | - Marija L J Medar
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Laboratory for Chronobiology and Aging, Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology and Signaling, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Alisa Becin
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Laboratory for Chronobiology and Aging, Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology and Signaling, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Mia Cetnik
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Laboratory for Chronobiology and Aging, Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology and Signaling, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dusan Lalosevic
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Silvana A Andric
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Laboratory for Chronobiology and Aging, Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology and Signaling, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tatjana S Kostic
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Laboratory for Chronobiology and Aging, Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology and Signaling, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
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Coskun A, Zarepour A, Zarrabi A. Physiological Rhythms and Biological Variation of Biomolecules: The Road to Personalized Laboratory Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076275. [PMID: 37047252 PMCID: PMC10094461 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The concentration of biomolecules in living systems shows numerous systematic and random variations. Systematic variations can be classified based on the frequency of variations as ultradian (<24 h), circadian (approximately 24 h), and infradian (>24 h), which are partly predictable. Random biological variations are known as between-subject biological variations that are the variations among the set points of an analyte from different individuals and within-subject biological variation, which is the variation of the analyte around individuals’ set points. The random biological variation cannot be predicted but can be estimated using appropriate measurement and statistical procedures. Physiological rhythms and random biological variation of the analytes could be considered the essential elements of predictive, preventive, and particularly personalized laboratory medicine. This systematic review aims to summarize research that have been done about the types of physiological rhythms, biological variations, and their effects on laboratory tests. We have searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases for biological variation and physiological rhythm articles in English without time restrictions with the terms “Biological variation, Within-subject biological variation, Between-subject biological variation, Physiological rhythms, Ultradian rhythms, Circadian rhythm, Infradian rhythms”. It was concluded that, for effective management of predicting, preventing, and personalizing medicine, which is based on the safe and valid interpretation of patients’ laboratory test results, both physiological rhythms and biological variation of the measurands should be considered simultaneously.
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Li Y, Zhang H, Wang Y, Li D, Chen H. Advances in circadian clock regulation of reproduction. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 137:83-133. [PMID: 37709382 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian circadian clock is an endogenously regulated oscillator that is synchronized with solar time and cycle within a 24-h period. The circadian clock exists not only in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, a central pacemaker of the circadian clock system, but also in numerous peripheral tissues known as peripheral circadian oscillators. The SCN and peripheral circadian oscillators mutually orchestrate the diurnal rhythms of various physiological and behavioral processes in a hierarchical manner. In the past two decades, peripheral circadian oscillators have been identified and their function has been determined in the mammalian reproductive system and its related endocrine glands, including the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, ovaries, testes, uterus, mammary glands, and prostate gland. Increasing evidence indicates that both the SCN and peripheral circadian oscillators play discrete roles in coordinating reproductive processes and optimizing fertility in mammals. The present study reviews recent evidence on circadian clock regulation of reproductive function in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and reproductive system. Additionally, we elucidate the effects of chronodisruption (as a result of, for example, shift work, jet lag, disrupted eating patterns, and sleep disorders) on mammalian reproductive performance from multiple aspects. Finally, we propose potential behavioral changes or pharmaceutical strategies for the prevention and treatment of reproductive disorders from the perspective of chronomedicine. Conclusively, this review will outline recent evidence on circadian clock regulation of reproduction, providing novel perspectives on the role of the circadian clock in maintaining normal reproductive functions and in diseases that negatively affect fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Haisen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yiqun Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Huatao Chen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China.
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9
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Wucher V, Sodaei R, Amador R, Irimia M, Guigó R. Day-night and seasonal variation of human gene expression across tissues. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3001986. [PMID: 36745672 PMCID: PMC9934459 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian and circannual cycles trigger physiological changes whose reflection on human transcriptomes remains largely uncharted. We used the time and season of death of 932 individuals from GTEx to jointly investigate transcriptomic changes associated with those cycles across multiple tissues. Overall, most variation across tissues during day-night and among seasons was unique to each cycle. Although all tissues remodeled their transcriptomes, brain and gonadal tissues exhibited the highest seasonality, whereas those in the thoracic cavity showed stronger day-night regulation. Core clock genes displayed marked day-night differences across multiple tissues, which were largely conserved in baboon and mouse, but adapted to their nocturnal or diurnal habits. Seasonal variation of expression affected multiple pathways, and it was enriched among genes associated with the immune response, consistent with the seasonality of viral infections. Furthermore, they unveiled cytoarchitectural changes in brain regions. Altogether, our results provide the first combined atlas of how transcriptomes from human tissues adapt to major cycling environmental conditions. This atlas may have multiple applications; for example, drug targets with day-night or seasonal variation in gene expression may benefit from temporally adjusted doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Wucher
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- MeLiS, SynatAc Team, UCBL1—CNRS UMR5284—Inserm U1314, Lyon, France
- French Reference Center on Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Reza Sodaei
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raziel Amador
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Irimia
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (MI); (RG)
| | - Roderic Guigó
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail: (MI); (RG)
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10
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Moralia MA, Quignon C, Simonneaux M, Simonneaux V. Environmental disruption of reproductive rhythms. Front Neuroendocrinol 2022; 66:100990. [PMID: 35227765 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2022.100990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Reproduction is a key biological function requiring a precise synchronization with annual and daily cues to cope with environmental fluctuations. Therefore, humans and animals have developed well-conserved photoneuroendocrine pathways to integrate and process daily and seasonal light signals within the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. However, in the past century, industrialization and the modern 24/7 human lifestyle have imposed detrimental changes in natural habitats and rhythms of life. Indeed, exposure to an excessive amount of artificial light at inappropriate timing because of shift work and nocturnal urban lighting, as well as the ubiquitous environmental contamination by endocrine-disrupting chemicals, threaten the integrity of the daily and seasonal timing of biological functions. Here, we review recent epidemiological, field and experimental studies to discuss how light and chemical pollution of the environment can disrupt reproductive rhythms by interfering with the photoneuroendocrine timing system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Azélie Moralia
- Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France
| | - Clarisse Quignon
- Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marine Simonneaux
- Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France
| | - Valérie Simonneaux
- Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France.
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11
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Spermatozoal Mitochondrial Dynamics Markers and Other Functionality-Related Signaling Molecules Exert Circadian-like Response to Repeated Stress of Whole Organism. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060993. [PMID: 35326444 PMCID: PMC8946903 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the search for the possible role of the mitochondrial dynamics markers in spermatozoa adaptation, an in vivo approach was designed to mimic situations in which human populations are exposed to 3 h of repeated psychological stress (the most common stress in human society) at different time points during the day (24 h). The hormones (stress hormone corticosterone and testosterone), the number and the functionality of spermatozoa (response to acrosome-reaction-inducer progesterone), as well as the transcriptional profiles of 22 mitochondrial dynamics and function markers and 22 signaling molecules regulating both mitochondrial dynamics and spermatozoa number and functionality were followed at three time points (ZT3, ZT11, and ZT23). The results show that repeated stress significantly decreased the number and functionality of spermatozoa at all time points. In the same samples, the transcriptional profiles of 91% (20/22) of mitochondrial dynamics and functionality markers and 86% (19/22) of signaling molecules were disturbed after repeated stress. It is important to point out that similar molecular changes in transcriptional profiles were observed at ZT3 and ZT23, but the opposite was observed at ZT11, suggesting the circadian nature of the adaptive response. The results of PCA analysis show the significant separation of repeated stress effects during the inactive/light and active/dark phases of the day, suggesting the circadian timing of molecular adaptations.
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12
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Vainshelbaum NM, Salmina K, Gerashchenko BI, Lazovska M, Zayakin P, Cragg MS, Pjanova D, Erenpreisa J. Role of the Circadian Clock "Death-Loop" in the DNA Damage Response Underpinning Cancer Treatment Resistance. Cells 2022; 11:880. [PMID: 35269502 PMCID: PMC8909334 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we review the role of the circadian clock (CC) in the resistance of cancer cells to genotoxic treatments in relation to whole-genome duplication (WGD) and telomere-length regulation. The CC drives the normal cell cycle, tissue differentiation, and reciprocally regulates telomere elongation. However, it is deregulated in embryonic stem cells (ESCs), the early embryo, and cancer. Here, we review the DNA damage response of cancer cells and a similar impact on the cell cycle to that found in ESCs—overcoming G1/S, adapting DNA damage checkpoints, tolerating DNA damage, coupling telomere erosion to accelerated cell senescence, and favouring transition by mitotic slippage into the ploidy cycle (reversible polyploidy). Polyploidy decelerates the CC. We report an intriguing positive correlation between cancer WGD and the deregulation of the CC assessed by bioinformatics on 11 primary cancer datasets (rho = 0.83; p < 0.01). As previously shown, the cancer cells undergoing mitotic slippage cast off telomere fragments with TERT, restore the telomeres by ALT-recombination, and return their depolyploidised offspring to telomerase-dependent regulation. By reversing this polyploidy and the CC “death loop”, the mitotic cycle and Hayflick limit count are thus again renewed. Our review and proposed mechanism support a life-cycle concept of cancer and highlight the perspective of cancer treatment by differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninel Miriam Vainshelbaum
- Cancer Research Division, Latvian Biomedicine Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (N.M.V.); Latvia; (K.S.); (M.L.); (P.Z.); (D.P.)
- Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, LV-1050 Riga, Latvia
| | - Kristine Salmina
- Cancer Research Division, Latvian Biomedicine Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (N.M.V.); Latvia; (K.S.); (M.L.); (P.Z.); (D.P.)
| | - Bogdan I. Gerashchenko
- R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03022 Kyiv, Ukraine;
| | - Marija Lazovska
- Cancer Research Division, Latvian Biomedicine Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (N.M.V.); Latvia; (K.S.); (M.L.); (P.Z.); (D.P.)
| | - Pawel Zayakin
- Cancer Research Division, Latvian Biomedicine Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (N.M.V.); Latvia; (K.S.); (M.L.); (P.Z.); (D.P.)
| | - Mark Steven Cragg
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK;
| | - Dace Pjanova
- Cancer Research Division, Latvian Biomedicine Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (N.M.V.); Latvia; (K.S.); (M.L.); (P.Z.); (D.P.)
| | - Jekaterina Erenpreisa
- Cancer Research Division, Latvian Biomedicine Research and Study Centre, LV-1067 Riga, Latvia; (N.M.V.); Latvia; (K.S.); (M.L.); (P.Z.); (D.P.)
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13
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Yildirim E, Curtis R, Hwangbo DS. Roles of peripheral clocks: lessons from the fly. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:263-293. [PMID: 34862983 PMCID: PMC8844272 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
To adapt to and anticipate rhythmic changes in the environment such as daily light-dark and temperature cycles, internal timekeeping mechanisms called biological clocks evolved in a diverse set of organisms, from unicellular bacteria to humans. These biological clocks play critical roles in organisms' fitness and survival by temporally aligning physiological and behavioral processes to the external cues. The central clock is located in a small subset of neurons in the brain and drives daily activity rhythms, whereas most peripheral tissues harbor their own clock systems, which generate metabolic and physiological rhythms. Since the discovery of Drosophila melanogaster clock mutants in the early 1970s, the fruit fly has become an extensively studied model organism to investigate the mechanism and functions of circadian clocks. In this review, we primarily focus on D. melanogaster to survey key discoveries and progresses made over the past two decades in our understanding of peripheral clocks. We discuss physiological roles and molecular mechanisms of peripheral clocks in several different peripheral tissues of the fly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachel Curtis
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Dae-Sung Hwangbo
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
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14
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Wucher V, Sodaei R, Amador R, Irimia M, Guigó R. Day-night and seasonal variation of human gene expression across tissues. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2022:2021.02.28.433266. [PMID: 33688644 PMCID: PMC7941615 DOI: 10.1101/2021.02.28.433266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Circadian and circannual cycles trigger physiological changes whose reflection on human transcriptomes remains largely uncharted. We used the time and season of death of 932 individuals from GTEx to jointly investigate transcriptomic changes associated with those cycles across multiple tissues. Overall, most variation across tissues during day-night and among seasons was unique to each cycle. Although all tissues remodeled their transcriptomes, brain and gonadal tissues exhibited the highest seasonality, whereas those in the thoracic cavity showed stronger day-night regulation. Core clock genes displayed marked day-night differences across multiple tissues, which were largely conserved in baboon and mouse, but adapted to their nocturnal or diurnal habits. Seasonal variation of expression affected multiple pathways and it was enriched among genes associated with the immune response, consistent with the seasonality of viral infections. Furthermore, they unveiled cytoarchitectural changes in brain regions. Altogether, our results provide the first combined atlas of how transcriptomes from human tissues adapt to major cycling environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Wucher
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- NeuroMyogene Institute, SynatAc Team, INSERM U1217/UMR CNRS 5310, Lyon, France
- French Reference Center on Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Reza Sodaei
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raziel Amador
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Irimia
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roderic Guigó
- Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Crislip GR, Johnston JG, Douma LG, Costello HM, Juffre A, Boyd K, Li W, Maugans CC, Gutierrez-Monreal M, Esser KA, Bryant AJ, Liu AC, Gumz ML. Circadian Rhythm Effects on the Molecular Regulation of Physiological Systems. Compr Physiol 2021; 12:2769-2798. [PMID: 34964116 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c210011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Nearly every system within the body contains an intrinsic cellular circadian clock. The circadian clock contributes to the regulation of a variety of homeostatic processes in mammals through the regulation of gene expression. Circadian disruption of physiological systems is associated with pathophysiological disorders. Here, we review the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms contributing to the known circadian rhythms in physiological function. This article focuses on what is known in humans, along with discoveries made with cell and rodent models. In particular, the impact of circadian clock components in metabolic, cardiovascular, endocrine, musculoskeletal, immune, and central nervous systems are discussed. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 11:1-30, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ryan Crislip
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Jermaine G Johnston
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Renal Transplantation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Lauren G Douma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Hannah M Costello
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Alexandria Juffre
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Kyla Boyd
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Wendy Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Cheoting C Maugans
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Miguel Gutierrez-Monreal
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Karyn A Esser
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Andrew J Bryant
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Andrew C Liu
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Michelle L Gumz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension, and Renal Transplantation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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16
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Zhang J, Zhao L, Li Y, Dong H, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Ma T, Yang L, Gao D, Wang X, Jiang H, Li C, Wang A, Jin Y, Chen H. Circadian clock regulates granulosa cell autophagy through NR1D1-mediated inhibition of ATG5. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 322:C231-C245. [PMID: 34936504 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00267.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy of granulosa cells (GCs) is involved in follicular atresia, which occurs repeatedly during the ovarian development cycle. Several circadian clock genes are rhythmically expressed in both rodent ovarian tissues and GCs. Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1 (NR1D1), an important component of the circadian clock system, is involved in the autophagy process through the regulation of autophagy-related genes. However, there are no reports illustrating the role of the circadian clock system in mouse GC autophagy. In the present study, we found that core circadian clock genes (Bmal1, Per2, Nr1d1, and Dbp) and an autophagy-related gene (Atg5) exhibited rhythmic expression patterns across 24 h in mouse ovaries and primary GCs. Treatment with SR9009, an agonist of NR1D1, significantly reduced the expression of Bmal1, Per2, and Dbp in mouse GCs. ATG5 expression was significantly attenuated by SR9009 treatment in mouse GCs. Conversely, Nr1d1 knockdown increased ATG5 expression in mouse GCs. Decreased NR1D1 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels was detected in the ovaries of Bmal1-/- mice, along with elevated expression of ATG5. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that NR1D1 inhibited Atg5 transcription by binding to two putative retinoic acid-related orphan receptor response elements within the promoter. In addition, rapamycin-induced autophagy and ATG5 expression were partially reversed by SR9009 treatment in mouse GCs. Taken together, our current data demonstrated that the circadian clock regulates GC autophagy through NR1D1-mediated inhibition of ATG5 expression, and thus, plays a role in maintaining autophagy homeostasis in GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lijia Zhao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yating Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Dong
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haisen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tiantian Ma
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Luda Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dengke Gao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haizhen Jiang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Aihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaping Jin
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huatao Chen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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17
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Proix T, Baud M. Human multidien rhythms: Commentary for: "Multiday cycles of heart rate are associated with seizure likelihood: An observational cohort study". EBioMedicine 2021; 74:103698. [PMID: 34800901 PMCID: PMC8605401 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Timothée Proix
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Maxime Baud
- Sleep-Wake-Epilepsy Center, NeuroTec and Center for Experimental Neurology, Department of Neurology, Inselspital Bern, University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Wyss Center for Bio and Neuroengineering, Geneva, Switzerland.
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18
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Hundreds of LncRNAs Display Circadian Rhythmicity in Zebrafish Larvae. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113173. [PMID: 34831396 PMCID: PMC8620895 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play crucial roles in various life processes, including circadian rhythms. Although next generation sequencing technologies have facilitated faster profiling of lncRNAs, the resulting datasets require sophisticated computational analyses. In particular, the regulatory roles of lncRNAs in circadian clocks are far from being completely understood. In this study, we conducted RNA-seq-based transcriptome analysis of zebrafish larvae under both constant darkness (DD) and constant light (LL) conditions in a circadian manner, employing state-of-the-art computational approaches to identify approximately 3220 lncRNAs from zebrafish larvae, and then uncovered 269 and 309 lncRNAs displaying circadian rhythmicity under DD and LL conditions, respectively, with 30 of them are coexpressed under both DD and LL conditions. Subsequently, GO, COG, and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses of all these circadianly expressed lncRNAs suggested their potential involvement in numerous biological processes. Comparison of these circadianly expressed zebrafish larval lncRNAs, with rhythmically expressed lncRNAs in the zebrafish pineal gland and zebrafish testis, revealed that nine (DD) and twelve (LL) larval lncRNAs are coexpressed in the zebrafish pineal gland and testis, respectively. Intriguingly, among peptides encoded by these coexpressing circadianly expressed lncRNAs, three peptides (DD) and one peptide (LL) were found to have the known domains from the Protein Data Bank. Further, the conservation analysis of these circadianly expressed zebrafish larval lncRNAs with human and mouse genomes uncovered one lncRNA and four lncRNAs shared by all three species under DD and LL conditions, respectively. We also investigated the conserved lncRNA-encoded peptides and found one peptide under DD condition conserved in these three species and computationally predicted its 3D structure and functions. Our study reveals that hundreds of lncRNAs from zebrafish larvae exhibit circadian rhythmicity and should help set the stage for their further functional studies.
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19
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Li MD, Xin H, Yuan Y, Yang X, Li H, Tian D, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Han TL, Chen Q, Duan G, Ju D, Chen K, Deng F, He W. Circadian Clock-Controlled Checkpoints in the Pathogenesis of Complex Disease. Front Genet 2021; 12:721231. [PMID: 34557221 PMCID: PMC8452875 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.721231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock coordinates physiology, metabolism, and behavior with the 24-h cycles of environmental light. Fundamental mechanisms of how the circadian clock regulates organ physiology and metabolism have been elucidated at a rapid speed in the past two decades. Here we review circadian networks in more than six organ systems associated with complex disease, which cluster around metabolic disorders, and seek to propose critical regulatory molecules controlled by the circadian clock (named clock-controlled checkpoints) in the pathogenesis of complex disease. These include clock-controlled checkpoints such as circadian nuclear receptors in liver and muscle tissues, chemokines and adhesion molecules in the vasculature. Although the progress is encouraging, many gaps in the mechanisms remain unaddressed. Future studies should focus on devising time-dependent strategies for drug delivery and engagement in well-characterized organs such as the liver, and elucidating fundamental circadian biology in so far less characterized organ systems, including the heart, blood, peripheral neurons, and reproductive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Dian Li
- Department of Cardiology and the Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Haoran Xin
- Department of Cardiology and the Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yinglin Yuan
- Medical Center of Hematology, The Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinqing Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dingyuan Tian
- Department of Cardiology and the Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology and the Center for Circadian Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ting-Li Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Key Lab of Medical Protection for Electromagnetic Radiation, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Toxicology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Guangyou Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dapeng Ju
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ka Chen
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine, PLA, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Wenyan He
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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20
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Mishra SK, Liu T, Wang H. Identification of Rhythmically Expressed LncRNAs in the Zebrafish Pineal Gland and Testis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7810. [PMID: 34360576 PMCID: PMC8346003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs have been known to contribute to a variety of fundamental life processes, such as development, metabolism, and circadian rhythms. However, much remains unrevealed in the huge noncoding RNA datasets, which require further bioinformatic analysis and experimental investigation-and in particular, the coding potential of lncRNAs and the functions of lncRNA-encoded peptides have not been comprehensively studied to date. Through integrating the time-course experimentation with state-of-the-art computational techniques, we studied tens of thousands of zebrafish lncRNAs from our own experiments and from a published study including time-series transcriptome analyses of the testis and the pineal gland. Rhythmicity analysis of these data revealed approximately 700 rhythmically expressed lncRNAs from the pineal gland and the testis, and their GO, COG, and KEGG pathway functions were analyzed. Comparative and conservative analyses determined 14 rhythmically expressed lncRNAs shared between both the pineal gland and the testis, and 15 pineal gland lncRNAs as well as 3 testis lncRNAs conserved among zebrafish, mice, and humans. Further, we computationally analyzed the conserved lncRNA-encoded peptides, and revealed three pineal gland and one testis lncRNA-encoded peptides conserved among these three species, which were further investigated for their three-dimensional (3D) structures and potential functions. Our computational findings provided novel annotations and regulatory mechanisms for hundreds of rhythmically expressed pineal gland and testis lncRNAs in zebrafish, and set the stage for their experimental studies in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shital Kumar Mishra
- Center for Circadian Clocks, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (S.K.M.); (T.L.)
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Taole Liu
- Center for Circadian Clocks, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (S.K.M.); (T.L.)
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Han Wang
- Center for Circadian Clocks, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (S.K.M.); (T.L.)
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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21
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Androulakis IP. Circadian rhythms and the HPA axis: A systems view. WIREs Mech Dis 2021; 13:e1518. [PMID: 33438348 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The circadian timing system comprises a network of time-keeping clocks distributed across a living host whose responsibility is to allocate resources and distribute functions temporally to optimize fitness. The molecular structures generating these rhythms have evolved to accommodate the rotation of the earth in an attempt to primarily match the light/dark periods during the 24-hr day. To maintain synchrony of timing across and within tissues, information from the central clock, located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, is conveyed using systemic signals. Leading among those signals are endocrine hormones, and while the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis through the release of glucocorticoids is a major pacesetter. Interestingly, the fundamental units at the molecular and physiological scales that generate local and systemic signals share critical structural properties. These properties enable time-keeping systems to generate rhythmic signals and allow them to adopt specific properties as they interact with each other and the external environment. The purpose of this review is to provide a broad overview of these structures, discuss their functional characteristics, and describe some of their fundamental properties as these related to health and disease. This article is categorized under: Immune System Diseases > Computational Models Immune System Diseases > Biomedical Engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis P Androulakis
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Chemical & Biochemical Engineering Department, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey.,Department of Surgery, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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22
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Du A, Li L, Jiao Z, Zhu G, Peng T, Li H. Protein expression pattern of calcium-responsive transactivator in early postnatal and adult testes. Histochem Cell Biol 2021; 155:491-502. [PMID: 33398438 PMCID: PMC8062385 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-020-01942-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Calcium-responsive transactivator (CREST), a nuclear protein highly expressed in postmitotic neurons, is involved in the regulation of cell cycle, differentiation and dendritic development of neuronal cells. Its mRNA has been detected in the testis of adult rat, whilst its protein expression and distribution pattern in the testis remain to be elucidated. In this study, we examined the distribution of CREST in the adult testes of both rats and human as well as the expression pattern of CREST in the testes of postnatal developing rats. In the adult testes of both human and rats, immunohistochemical analysis revealed that CREST was selectively distributed in the mature Sertoli cells but not in the spermatogenic cells. In the testes of postnatal developmental rats, CREST was expressed not only in Sertoli cells but also in the gonocytes and spermatogenic cells at the initial stage of spermatogenic cell differentiation. CREST immunoreactivity continued to increase in Sertoli cells during differentiation, reaching its peak in adulthood. However, CREST immunostaining intensity dramatically decreased as the spermatogenic cells differentiate, disappearing in the post-differentiation stage. Furthermore, Brg1 and p300, two CREST-interacting proteins ubiquitously expressed in the body, are found to be colocalized with CREST in the spermatogenic epithelial cells including Sertoli cells. The unique expression pattern of CREST in developing testis suggests that CREST might play regulatory roles in the differentiation of spermatogenic epithelial cells. The Sertoli cell-specific expression of CREST in the adulthood hints that CREST might be a novel biomarker for the mature Sertoli cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Du
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Li Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhaoshuang Jiao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Gaochun Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Ting Peng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - He Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China.
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23
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Fusco F, Longo N, De Sio M, Arcaniolo D, Celentano G, Capece M, La Rocca R, Mangiapia F, Califano G, Morra S, Turco C, Spena G, Spirito L, Fusco GM, Cirillo L, De Luca L, Napolitano L, Mirone V, Creta M. Impact of Circadian Desynchrony on Spermatogenesis: A Mini Review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:800693. [PMID: 34975770 PMCID: PMC8717881 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.800693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this mini review is to provide data about pre-clinical and clinical evidence exploring the impact of circadian desynchrony on spermatogenesis. Several lines of evidence exist demonstrating that disruption of circadian rhythms may interfere with male fertility. Experimental knock-out or knock-down of clock genes, physiologically involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms, are associated with impairments of fertility pathways in both animal and human models. Moreover, disruption of circadian rhythms, due to reduction of sleep duration and/or alteration of its architecture can negatively interfere in humans with circulating levels of male sexual hormones as well as with semen parameters. Unfortunately, current evidence remains low due to study heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Fusco
- Urology Unit, Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
- *Correspondence: Ferdinando Fusco,
| | - Nicola Longo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco De Sio
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, Urology Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Arcaniolo
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, Urology Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Celentano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Capece
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto La Rocca
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Mangiapia
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Califano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Simone Morra
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine Turco
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluca Spena
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Spirito
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Maria Fusco
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Cirillo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi De Luca
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Napolitano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mirone
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Creta
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Urology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
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24
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Effect of Surgical Removal of Testicles and Adrenal Glands on Ultradian Rhythms of Body Temperature in Male Wistar Rats under Conditions of Constant Illumination. Bull Exp Biol Med 2020; 169:691-694. [PMID: 32986204 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-020-04956-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We have studied body temperature dynamics of mature male Wistar rats maintained under constant illumination after surgical removal of the testicles and adrenal glands. In gonadectomized animals, pronounced increases in body temperature (>0.9°C) were observed every 4-6 h; during the periods 03.35-04.30, 07.35-08.30, 11.35-12.30, 15.35-16.30, 19.35-20.30, and 23.35-00.30, they were recorded 1.5-fold more often than during the rest periods. These results do not significantly differ from the parameters of the control group. Combined removal of the testicles and adrenal glands led to shortening of main period of temperature oscillations to 4-4.5 h and a decrease in its amplitude; pronounced increase in body temperature (>0.5°C) was observed 2.1 times more often during the periods 03.35-04.30, 07.35-08.30, 11.35-12.30, 15.35-16.30, 19.35-20.30, and 23.35-00.30 than in other time intervals. Thus, the removal of the testicles and adrenal glands does not violate the 4-h intraday rhythm of body temperature.
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25
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Baburski AZ, Andric SA, Kostic TS. Luteinizing hormone signaling is involved in synchronization of Leydig cell's clock and is crucial for rhythm robustness of testosterone production†. Biol Reprod 2020; 100:1406-1415. [PMID: 30722003 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, circadian clock regulates concentration of many reproductive hormones including testosterone. Previously, we characterized pattern of circadian transcription of core clock genes in testosterone-producing Leydig cells. Here, the potential role of luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR)-cAMP signaling in synchronization of Leydig cell's circadian clock and rhythmic testosterone production were examined. Results showed that activation of LHR-cAMP signaling in primary rat Leydig cell culture increased Star/STAR and changed expression of many clock genes (upregulated Per1/PER1, Dec1/2, and Rorb, and downregulated Bmal1 and Rev-erba/b). Inhibition of protein kinase A prevented LHR-triggered increase in transcription of Per1 and Dec1. Effect of stimulated LHR-cAMP signaling on Leydig cell's clock transcription was also confirmed in vivo, using rats treated with single hCG injection. To analyze in vivo effect of low LH-cAMP activity on rhythmical Leydig cell function, rats with experimental hypogonadotropic hypogonadism were used. Characteristics of hypogonadal rats were decreased LH and testosterone secretion without circadian fluctuation; in Leydig cells decreased arrhythmic cAMP and transcription of steroidogenic genes (Cyp11a1 and Cyp17a1) were observed, while decreased Star/STAR expression retains circadian pattern. However, expression of clock genes, despite changes in transcription levels (increased Bmal1, Per2, Cry1, Cry2, Rora, Rorb, Rev-erba/b/REV-ERBB, Dec1, Csnk1e, and decreased Npas2 and PER1) kept circadian patterns observed in control groups. Altogether, the results strengthened the hypothesis about role of LH-cAMP signaling as synchronizer of Leydig cell's clock. However, clock in Leydig cells is not sufficient to sustain rhythmicity of testosterone production in absence of rhythmic activity of LH-cAMP signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Z Baburski
- Laboratory for Chronobiology and Aging, Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology and Signaling, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Silvana A Andric
- Laboratory for Chronobiology and Aging, Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology and Signaling, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tatjana S Kostic
- Laboratory for Chronobiology and Aging, Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology and Signaling, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
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26
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Rutovskaya MV, Kosyreva AM, Diatroptov ME. Ultradian and Infradian Rhythms in the Dynamic of Testosterone Concentration in the Serum of the White-Breasted Hedgehog Erinaceus roumanicus. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6334. [PMID: 32286463 PMCID: PMC7156455 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63399-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to identify ultradian (intraday) and infradian (multi-day) rhythms in the dynamics of testosterone concentration in the blood serum of white-breasted hedgehogs. Blood sampling was performed from the femoral veins of 12 male hedgehogs. We found ultradian rhythms of testosterone on both sampling dates-March 7-8 (a day length of 11 hours and 15 minutes) and May 10-11 (a day length of 16 hours). An 8-hour rhythm of testosterone concentration has been established. The acrophases were at the same times in both photoperiods and thus independent of sunset times. The study of the infradian rhythms of testosterone was daily carried out on May 22-June 3, at 07:40 to 08:50 and from June 27 to July 7, at 16:15-16:50. It revealed an infradian rhythm of the testosterone concentration with a period of 4-days in both the morning and the evening sampling. According to our previous investigation, the infradian rhythms of testosterone among individual hedgehogs, rodents and primates have the same period. That indicates the common mechanisms for their formation. In case of experimental studies, the phase of ultradian and infradian biorhythms will need to be taken into account because the testosterone concentration in acrophase is 2-4 times higher than in bathyphase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina V Rutovskaya
- A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Russian academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna M Kosyreva
- Department of Immunomorphology of Inflammation, Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Mikhail E Diatroptov
- A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Russian academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
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27
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Bicker J, Alves G, Falcão A, Fortuna A. Timing in drug absorption and disposition: The past, present, and future of chronopharmacokinetics. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:2215-2239. [PMID: 32056195 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of drug dosing time in pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and toxicity is receiving increasing attention from the scientific community. In spite of mounting evidence that circadian oscillations affect drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME), there remain many unanswered questions in this field and, occasionally, conflicting experimental results. Such data arise not only from translational difficulties caused by interspecies differences but also from variability in study design and a lack of understanding of how the circadian clock affects physiological factors that strongly influence ADME, namely, the expression and activity of drug transporters. Hence, the main goal of this review is to provide an updated analysis of the role of the circadian rhythm in drug absorption, distribution across blood-tissue barriers, metabolism in hepatic and extra-hepatic tissues, and hepatobiliary and renal excretion. It is expected that the research suggestions proposed here will contribute to a tissue-targeted and time-targeted pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Bicker
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CIBIT/ICNAS-Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Gilberto Alves
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Amílcar Falcão
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CIBIT/ICNAS-Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Fortuna
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CIBIT/ICNAS-Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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28
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Sen A, Hoffmann HM. Role of core circadian clock genes in hormone release and target tissue sensitivity in the reproductive axis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 501:110655. [PMID: 31756424 PMCID: PMC6962569 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Precise timing in hormone release from the hypothalamus, the pituitary and ovary is critical for fertility. Hormonal release patterns of the reproductive axis are regulated by a feedback loop within the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. The timing and rhythmicity of hormone release and tissue sensitivity in the HPG axis is regulated by circadian clocks located in the hypothalamus (suprachiasmatic nucleus, kisspeptin and GnRH neurons), the pituitary (gonadotrophs), the ovary (theca and granulosa cells), the testis (Leydig cells), as well as the uterus (endometrium and myometrium). The circadian clocks integrate environmental and physiological signals to produce cell endogenous rhythms generated by a transcriptional-translational feedback loop of transcription factors that are collectively called the "molecular clock". This review specifically focuses on the contribution of molecular clock transcription factors in regulating hormone release patterns in the reproductive axis, with an emphasis on the female reproductive system. Specifically, we discuss the contributions of circadian rhythms in distinct neuronal populations of the female hypothalamus, the molecular clock in the pituitary and its overall impact on female and male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritro Sen
- Department of Animal Science and the Reproductive and Developmental Science Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Hanne M Hoffmann
- Department of Animal Science and the Reproductive and Developmental Science Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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29
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To integrate evidence on the role of circadian rhythm in male reproduction. Several studies report on various aspects of the association between the circadian system and male reproductive function in animals and humans both in physiological condition as well as in the case of subfertility. RECENT FINDINGS Epidemiological data demonstrate diurnal and seasonal changes as well as the effect of sleep/wake cycles on the quality of semen. Rare and common genetic variation in circadian clock genes in humans and animal models support the role of circadian rhythms in male fertility in humans. SUMMARY Current data support the modest effect of the circadian clock on male reproductive potential; however, the evidence available is still fragmented and inconclusive. Additional well designed and sufficiently powered studies are needed to delineate the role of the circadian clock both in cause and potential interventional and preventive approaches in male subfertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Peterlin
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Histology and Embryology
| | - Tanja Kunej
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana
| | - Borut Peterlin
- Clinical Institute of Medical Genetics, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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30
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Daily rhythms of expression in reproductive genes along the brain-pituitary-gonad axis and liver of zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2019; 231:158-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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31
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Cowan M, Azpeleta C, López-Olmeda JF. Rhythms in the endocrine system of fish: a review. J Comp Physiol B 2017; 187:1057-1089. [DOI: 10.1007/s00360-017-1094-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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32
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Kasimanickam VR. Expression of retinoic acid-metabolizing enzymes, ALDH1A1, ALDH1A2, ALDH1A3, CYP26A1, CYP26B1 and CYP26C1 in canine testis during post-natal development. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:901-909. [PMID: 27569851 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian spermatogenesis involves highly regulated temporal and spatial dynamics, carefully controlled by several signalling processes. Retinoic acid (RA) signalling could have a critical role in spermatogenesis by promoting spermatogonia differentiation, adhesion of germ cells to Sertoli cells, and release of mature spermatids. An optimal testicular RA concentration is maintained by retinaldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs), which oxidize RA precursors to produce RA, whereas the CYP26 class of enzymes catabolizes (oxidize) RA into inactive metabolites. The objective was to elucidate gene expression of these RA-metabolizing enzymes (ALDH1A1, ALDH1A2, ALDH1A3, CYP26A1, CYP26B1 and CYP26C1) and their protein presence in testes of young, peripubertal and adult dogs. Genes encoding RA-synthesizing isozymes ALDH1A1, ALDH1A2 and ALDH1A3 and RA-catabolizing isomers CYP26A1, CYP26B1 and CYP26C1 were expressed in testis at varying levels during testicular development from birth to adulthood in dogs. Based on detailed analyses of mRNA expression patterns, ALDH1A2 was regarded as a primary RA-synthesizing enzyme and CYP26B1 as a critical RA-hydrolysing enzyme; presumably, these genes have vital roles in maintaining RA homeostasis, which is imperative to spermatogenesis and other testicular functions in post-natal canine testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Kasimanickam
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.,Center for Reproductive Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
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