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Yildirim-Hamurcu S, Terzioglu F. Attitudes toward dating violence among Turkish university students: The relationships with self-esteem level and gender roles. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2023; 45:131-136. [PMID: 37544687 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed to determine the relationships between attitudes toward dating violence, self-esteem, and gender roles. Men supported dating violence more than women, and the attitudes toward gender roles and self-esteem level were found to have a significant positive correlation with attitudes toward dating violence. For women, attitudes toward gender roles and levels of self-esteem predicted attitudes toward dating violence. The only significant variable in predicting attitudes toward dating violence in men was their attitude toward gender roles. The prevention activities should begin with identifying the risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Yildirim-Hamurcu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye.
| | - Fusun Terzioglu
- Rector, Faculty of Health Sciences, Avrasya University, Trabzon, Turkiye.
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Mason GE. Adolescent Experience With Dating Violence in Relation to Virginity Status: Findings From a Jamaican Sample. VIOLENCE AND VICTIMS 2022; 37:625-640. [PMID: 35973811 DOI: 10.1891/vv-2021-0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The association between adolescents' involvement in sexual intercourse and their experiences with adolescent dating violence (ADV) is an understudied topic. This study examined this relationship for 178 Jamaican adolescents in Grades 9-11. The expectation that adolescents who reported having had sexual intercourse would report greater victimization and greater perpetration than adolescents who had not had intercourse was consistent only for sexual abuse. Analyses also showed that sexually experienced males perpetrated and experienced more psychological abuse compared to males who were not so experienced. These results suggest different experiences based on adolescents' sex and so support others' calls for ADV research to do more examinations by sex. Also, it endorses the importance of doing research on both victims and perpetrators of intimate abuse. Implications of these findings for sexual and relationship education of adolescents are discussed.
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Haslam Z, Taylor EP. The relationship between child neglect and adolescent interpersonal functioning: A systematic review. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2022; 125:105510. [PMID: 35078090 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neglect is a highly prevalent, yet historically understudied form of maltreatment. Recent research has revealed the far reaching and unique effects that neglect has on subsequent cognitive, behavioural and socio-emotional development, and on long-term physical and mental health outcomes. Adolescent interpersonal functioning is important to explore given the significant relational transitions that occur during this stage of development, and the known impact that these social changes can have on future life outcomes. OBJECTIVE This systematic review synthesises the literature exploring the relationship between neglect and adolescent interpersonal functioning in peer relationships. METHODS Seven databases and three grey literature sites were systematically searched, and identified records screened against inclusion criteria. RESULTS Twenty-one articles were included in the final sample, exploring five different indicators of adolescent interpersonal functioning. Around half of the papers investigating quality of peer relationships found that neglect, particularly emotional neglect, is associated with reduced relationship quality, and there is consistent evidence that neglect increases the risk of gang involvement and deviant peer affiliation. CONCLUSIONS These findings may be used to strengthen a trauma-informed approach to work with adolescents. Research on neglect and adolescent romantic relationships is sparse. Overall, the literature is varied and further research using longitudinal data and consistent measures of neglect would be of value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Haslam
- School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Emily P Taylor
- School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9AG, UK.
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Malhi N, Oliffe JL, Bungay V, Kelly MT. Male Perpetration of Adolescent Dating Violence: A Scoping Review. Am J Mens Health 2021; 14:1557988320963600. [PMID: 33045903 PMCID: PMC7557791 DOI: 10.1177/1557988320963600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Male violence against females most often occurs within intimate relationships, and when that occurs during youth, it is termed adolescent dating violence (ADV). A scoping review focused on male perpetration of ADV was conducted to synthesize existing evidence and offer insights about what influences male adolescents to perpetrate ADV. The current scoping review explored the findings drawn from 16 research studies conducted in the United States, Spain, South Africa, and Italy, to distil modifiable factors related to male perpetration of ADV. Three themes were extrapolated from the 16 studies: (a) entitlement; (b) adverse childhood experiences (ACE); and (c) ineffective conflict management. Entitlement as a theme was characterized by attitudes and beliefs aligning to violence, hierarchical and marginalizing masculine norms, traditional gender roles, and male superiority, which in various configurations influenced the perpetration of ADV. ACE as a theme highlighted how male adolescents who had experienced, observed, and/or initiated abuse were at increased risk of perpetrating ADV. Male adolescents with ineffective conflict management (theme 3), including alcohol use and/or emotional dysregulation, were also at higher risk of perpetrating ADV. Tailored prevention efforts are often delinked from issues of male entitlement, ACE, and ineffective conflict management; therefore, we make suggestions for trauma-informed care to guide primary care providers (PCPs) in the assessment and management of ADV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Malhi
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - John L Oliffe
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Nursing, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vicky Bungay
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mary T Kelly
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Termos M, Murugan V, Helton JJ. IPV and Health Consequences Among CPS-Involved Caregivers: A Fixed Effects Analysis Stratified by Race and Ethnicity. Violence Against Women 2021; 28:1610-1630. [PMID: 34247551 DOI: 10.1177/10778012211022775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health dilemma that disproportionately affects minority women in the United States. The present study utilized data from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW II) to examine the longitudinal course of IPV outcomes reported by minority women involved with Child Protective Services (CPS). Our findings highlight the heterogeneity of the relationship between IPV and mental or physical health based on race/ethnicity. Nonetheless, additional research is necessary to investigate the impact of IPV severity on physical and mental health outcomes to ultimately facilitate race-specific interventions for women involved with CPS.
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Alp Yilmaz F, Şener Taplak A. Relationship between self-esteem, perception of gender and attitudes towards dating violence among university students. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:911-919. [PMID: 33047315 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between self-esteem, perception of gender, and attitudes towards dating violence among university students. DESIGN AND METHODS This descriptive study with a correlational and cross-sectional design was conducted with the participation of 686 university students. FINDINGS Mother's educational level, gender, having a dating relationship, being exposed to dating violence in the relationship, perception of gender, self-esteem, and being exposed to/witnessing sexual/domestic violence were determined to be statistically significant predictive factors of the attitudes of the students towards dating violence. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Nurses should plan evidence-based and individualized counseling services for young people who are the victims of dating violence by considering possible risk factors.
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Paat YF, Markham C, Peskin M. Co-occurrence of Dating Violence Victimization Subtypes: Assessing the Influence of Family Factors, Dating Attitudes, Risky Behaviors, and the Moderating Effect of Gender Among School-Aged Teens. VIOLENCE AND VICTIMS 2020; 35:467-502. [PMID: 32788333 PMCID: PMC10080731 DOI: 10.1891/vv-d-18-00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Using data from a nationally representative sample of school-aged teens (n = 795), this study examined covariates associated with three subtypes of dating violence victimization (physical violence, emotional abuse, and imposed isolation). We asked the research questions: What were the family factors, dating attitudes, and risky behaviors associated with three subtypes of dating violence victimization across two time points? Second, were these relationships moderated by gender? Overall, we found widespread co-occurrence of victimization. Contrary to our predictions, not all earlier experiences with dating violence victimization worsened or persisted overtime. Regarding family factors, we did not find substantial statistically significant effects on victimization, with the exception that greater openness with parents was associated with increased occurrence of emotional abuse at Wave 1. In terms of dating attitudes, we found that when respondents condoned violence against a girlfriend, they were more likely to experience physical violence victimization at both waves. Respondents who believed that it is okay to use violence to control a boyfriend's behavior were more likely to report emotional abuse at Wave 1. Similarly, respondents who believed that it is okay to date more than one person, as well as those who condoned sexual intercourse outside of a romantic relationship, were more susceptible to emotional abuse. Regarding risky behaviors, we found that the respondents' victimization experience did not increase with a greater sexual partner acquisition; rather, it exerted the opposite effect on their experience with physical violence victimization. These risky behaviors, however, were only statistically significant at Wave 1. Finally, the moderating effect of gender is noted in the study. Implications from the study are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yok-Fong Paat
- Department of Social Work, The University of Texas, El Paso, Texas
| | - Christine Markham
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Melissa Peskin
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
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Kulkarni SJ, Porter AM, Mennick A, Gil-Rivas V. "I feel like… their relationship is based on the media": Relationship Between Media Representation and Adolescents' Relationship Knowledge and Expectations. J Prim Prev 2020; 40:545-560. [PMID: 31571031 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-019-00565-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Teen dating violence (TDV) is a serious public health issue associated with negative physical and behavior outcomes that disproportionately impact African-American adolescents. Despite the emergence of effective TDV prevention strategies, more knowledge is needed about how African American adolescents understand healthy and unhealthy relationships. Adolescents' analysis of media representations can provide important insight into social norms around adolescent romantic relationships, which can inform the development of TDV prevention strategies. We conducted nine focus groups (n = 86) to explore perceptions of healthy and unhealthy relationships and the influence of media representations on romantic relationships. We transcribed focus group interviews verbatim and coded them line by line. Participants were primarily African American (90%), female (67%), and high school aged (13-17 years). Consistent with other studies, participants reported significant engagement across traditional and social media platforms that exposed them to a wide variety of fictional, celebrity, and peer relationships. A modified constructivist grounded theory analytic approach produced four major relationship themes: commitment, authenticity, privacy, and maturity. These themes captured participants' reflections about romantic relationships and how the media interact with relationship processes and perceptions. Results show that adolescents are using media representations of romantic couples to clarify their own romantic relationship expectations and desires. Future prevention strategies should support youths' use of critical thinking, perspective taking, and analysis to help align their relationship choices and expectations with their own values and preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanti J Kulkarni
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
| | - Anne Marie Porter
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Alyssa Mennick
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | - Virginia Gil-Rivas
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
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Krauss A, Jouriles EN, McDonald R, Rosenfield D. Measuring Teen Dating Violence Perpetration: A Comparison of Cumulative and Single Assessment Procedures. PSYCHOLOGY OF VIOLENCE 2019; 10:10.1037/vio0000268. [PMID: 32322436 PMCID: PMC7175748 DOI: 10.1037/vio0000268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are concerns about the measurement of teen dating violence (TDV) perpetration. The current study compares data on TDV perpetration derived from a cumulative assessment procedure and a single assessment procedure. The prevalence and frequency of TDV perpetration are examined, as well as their associations with hypothesized precursors of TDV. METHOD A sample of court-referred adolescents (n = 147, Mage = 15.85) completed a baseline assessment that included measures of three hypothesized precursors to TDV: externalizing problems, exposure to community violence, and attitudes about dating violence. For the cumulative assessment procedure, adolescents then completed up to 6 phone interviews on their TDV perpetration (physical, sexual, and emotional), once every 2 weeks over the course of a 3-month period. Data from these interviews were aggregated to form a cumulative measure of TDV perpetration over the 3 months. For the single assessment procedure, adolescents completed an identical interview on their TDV perpetration in a lab assessment 3 months after baseline, but were asked about perpetration over the entire 3 months. RESULTS Results of within-subjects comparisons indicated that, compared to the single assessment procedure, the cumulative assessment procedure yielded higher prevalence and greater frequency of physical, sexual, and emotional TDV. Across analytic methods, all types of TDV perpetration were more strongly related to externalizing problems, and sexual TDV perpetration was more strongly related to exposure to community violence, when measured cumulatively. CONCLUSIONS Cumulative assessment procedures might provide a more sensitive and valid measurement of TDV perpetration than single assessment procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Krauss
- Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University
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Hébert M, Daspe MÈ, Lapierre A, Godbout N, Blais M, Fernet M, Lavoie F. A Meta-Analysis of Risk and Protective Factors for Dating Violence Victimization: The Role of Family and Peer Interpersonal Context. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2019; 20:574-590. [PMID: 29333960 DOI: 10.1177/1524838017725336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Dating violence (DV) is a widespread social issue that has numerous deleterious repercussions on youths' health. Family and peer risk factors for DV have been widely studied, but with inconsistent methodologies, which complicates global comprehension of the phenomenon. Protective factors, although understudied, constitutes a promising line of research for prevention. To date, there is no comprehensive quantitative review attempting to summarize knowledge on both family and peer factors that increase or decrease the risk for adolescents and emerging adults DV victimization. The current meta-analysis draws on 87 studies with a total sample of 278,712 adolescents and young adults to examine effect sizes of the association between various family and peer correlates of DV victimization. Results suggest small, significant effect sizes for all the family (various forms of child maltreatment, parental support, and parental monitoring) and peer factors (peer victimization, sexual harassment, affiliation with deviant peers, and supportive/prosocial peers) in the prediction of DV. With few exceptions, forms of DV (psychological, physical, and sexual), gender, and age did not moderate the strength of these associations. In addition, no difference was found between the magnitude of family and peer factors' effect sizes, suggesting that these determinants are equally important in predicting DV. The current results provide future directions for examining relations between risk and protective factors for DV and indicate that both peers and family should be part of the development of efficient prevention options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Hébert
- 1 Département de sexologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Daspe
- 1 Département de sexologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Andréanne Lapierre
- 2 Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Natacha Godbout
- 1 Département de sexologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martin Blais
- 1 Département de sexologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mylène Fernet
- 1 Département de sexologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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11
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Comparisons of Types of Exposure to Violence Within and Across Contexts in Predicting the Perpetration of Dating Aggression. J Youth Adolesc 2019; 48:2377-2390. [PMID: 31414374 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-019-01102-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
It is widely accepted that adolescents exposed to violence are more likely to become perpetrators of dating aggression. However, it remains unclear whether the effects of exposure to violence on later perpetration of dating aggression vary based on the nature of the violence exposure (e.g., witnessing versus being a victim) and the contexts of exposure to violence. Thus, the relationships between two types of exposure to violence (witnessing and victimization) in early adolescence and perpetrating dating aggression in late adolescence were compared within and across three social contexts: the home, the community, and the school. Participants included 484 youth (51% females; 81% African-Americans, 18% European-Americans, 1% Hispanic or Other). Information on exposure to violence were collected at Waves 1 and 2 during early adolescence (Wave 1: M = 11.8 years old; Wave 2: M = 13.2 years old) and dating aggression data were collected during late adolescence (Wave 3: M = 18.0 years old). The results showed that across all contexts witnessing violence was a more consistent predictor of later dating aggression relative to victimization. Being exposed to violence in the home either via observation or victimization was a stronger predictor of physical dating aggression and threatening behaviors compared to being exposed to violence in the school. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the roles of various forms of exposure to violence during early adolescence in perpetrating dating aggression later in the life course.
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Niolon PH, Vivolo-Kantor AM, Tracy AJ, Latzman NE, Little TD, DeGue S, Lang KM, Estefan LF, Ghazarian SR, McIntosh WLK, Taylor B, Johnson LL, Kuoh H, Burton T, Fortson B, Mumford EA, Nelson SC, Joseph H, Valle LA, Tharp AT. An RCT of Dating Matters: Effects on Teen Dating Violence and Relationship Behaviors. Am J Prev Med 2019; 57:13-23. [PMID: 31128957 PMCID: PMC6953384 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2019.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Teen dating violence is a serious public health problem with few effective prevention strategies. This study examines whether the Dating Matters comprehensive prevention model, compared with a standard of care intervention, prevented negative relationship behaviors and promoted positive relationship behaviors. STUDY DESIGN This longitudinal, cluster-RCT compared the effectiveness of Dating Matters with standard of care across middle school. Standard of care was an evidence-based teen dating violence prevention curriculum (Safe Dates) implemented in eighth grade. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS Forty-six middle schools in high-risk urban neighborhoods in four U.S. cities were randomized. Schools lost to follow-up were replaced with new schools, which were independently randomized (71% school retention). Students were surveyed in fall and spring of sixth, seventh, and eighth grades (2012-2016). The analysis sample includes students from schools implementing Dating Matters or standard of care for >2 years who started sixth grade in the fall of 2012 or 2013 and had dated (N=2,349 students, mean age 12 years, 49% female, and 55% black, non-Hispanic, 28% Hispanic, 17% other). INTERVENTION Dating Matters is a comprehensive, multicomponent prevention model including classroom-delivered programs for sixth to eighth graders, training for parents of sixth to eighth graders, educator training, a youth communications program, and local health department activities to assess capacity and track teen dating violence-related policy and data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Self-reported teen dating violence perpetration and victimization, use of negative conflict resolution strategies, and positive relationship skills were examined as outcomes. Imputation and analyses were conducted in 2017. RESULTS Latent panel models demonstrated significant program effects for three of four outcomes; Dating Matters students reported 8.43% lower teen dating violence perpetration, 9.78% lower teen dating violence victimization, and 5.52% lower use of negative conflict resolution strategies, on average across time points and cohorts, than standard of care students. There were no significant effects on positive relationship behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Dating Matters demonstrates comparative effectiveness, through middle school, for reducing unhealthy relationship behaviors, such as teen dating violence and use of negative conflict resolution strategies, relative to the standard of care intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT01672541.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phyllis Holditch Niolon
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Alana M Vivolo-Kantor
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Natasha E Latzman
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Todd D Little
- Texas Tech University, Institute for Measurement, Methodology, Analysis and Policy, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Sarah DeGue
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kyle M Lang
- Texas Tech University, Institute for Measurement, Methodology, Analysis and Policy, Lubbock, Texas
| | - Lianne Fuino Estefan
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Wendy Li KamWa McIntosh
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | | | - Henrietta Kuoh
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Tessa Burton
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Beverly Fortson
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | | | | | - Linda Anne Valle
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Andra Teten Tharp
- Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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Garthe RC, Gorman-Smith D, Gregory J, E Schoeny M. Neighborhood Concentrated Disadvantage and Dating Violence among Urban Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Neighborhood Social Processes. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 61:310-320. [PMID: 29537686 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The link between relationship violence and aspects of neighborhood concentrated disadvantage (e.g., percent of unemployed adults, percent of families below poverty level), has been established. However, the literature examining neighborhood social processes, including informal social control and social cohesion, in relation to adolescent dating violence has shown mixed results with a limited theoretical foundation and methodology. Using a social disorganization theoretical framework, this study examined the mediating role of these neighborhood social processes in the relation between concentrated disadvantage and adolescent dating violence within an urban context. Participants included 605 adult residents in 30 census tracts and 203 adolescents from neighborhoods on the West and South sides of Chicago. Neighborhood-level concentrated disadvantage was measured via Census data, adult residents reported on neighborhood social processes, and youth reported on dating violence. Informal social control was negatively associated with dating violence, and social cohesion was positively associated with dating violence. A multilevel mediation model showed that concentrated disadvantage was related to higher levels of dating violence via lower levels of informal social control. These results extend social disorganization theory to dating violence within an urban context, while also highlighting the important role of neighborhood processes on relationship violence. Implications for research and intervention programming are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C Garthe
- School of Social Service Administration, Chicago Center for Youth Violence Prevention, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Deborah Gorman-Smith
- School of Social Service Administration, Chicago Center for Youth Violence Prevention, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joshua Gregory
- School of Social Service Administration, Chicago Center for Youth Violence Prevention, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael E Schoeny
- School of Social Service Administration, Chicago Center for Youth Violence Prevention, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Lazarevich I, Irigoyen-Camacho ME, Velázquez-Alva MDC, Salinas-Avila J. Dating Violence in Mexican College Students: Evaluation of an Educational Workshop. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2017; 32:183-204. [PMID: 25969442 DOI: 10.1177/0886260515585539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Dating violence represents an important health problem among adolescents and young adults, not only because of its high prevalence but also because of its negative consequences for individual and social development. Educational programs aimed at the prevention and reduction of aggression are indispensable; therefore, the aims of this study were to assess perception and attitudes toward dating violence, and to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational workshop among college students. A total of 212 students from a public university in Mexico City participated in the study. The participants were distributed into two groups: the intervention group (IG; which received a workshop on dating violence) and the control group (CG; which did not participate in the workshop). A self-reported questionnaire was applied to assess students' perception and attitudes toward violence. Means and standard deviations were calculated. In both groups, the comparison between pre- and post-evaluation scores was carried out using the test for matched pairs. The MANOVA test was performed for repeated measurements. The participants of the workshop showed positive changes in perception and attitudes toward dating violence, p < .0001; these changes were not observed in the CG, p = .98. Women in the IG showed a higher improvement than men, p = .04. Findings highlight the importance of creating long-term health promotion programs to improve human relationships, particularly in such important areas as dating violence.
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Black B, Preble K. Parental responses to youths' reports of teen dating violence: Recommendations from parents and youth. J Adolesc 2016; 51:144-55. [PMID: 27376778 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Parental responses to teen dating violence (TDV) can influence children's behaviors. This qualitative study presents findings from focus groups analyzing parental responses to TDV. Thirty-one parents and 55 teens, recruited from local family service agencies located in southwestern part of the country, participated in separate focus groups that presented dating violence scenarios. Focus group results indicated that parents and teens both urge communication that included parents asking questions, educating the teen, sharing their personal experiences, and giving teens advice. Parental and teens' comments also focused on the importance of protecting teens, providing support for teens, refraining from overreacting and offering counseling services. Parents, more than teens, stressed the importance of educating teens; teens, more than parents, stressed the importance of parents supporting and providing comfort to teens while refraining from overreacting and yelling. Implications for programming with parents and future research are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverly Black
- School of Social Work, University of Texas at Arlington, 211 S. Cooper, Arlington, 76019, United States.
| | - Kathleen Preble
- School of Social Work, University of Missouri, 729 Clark Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, United States.
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Niolon PH, Taylor BG, Latzman NE, Vivolo-Kantor AM, Valle LA, Tharp AT. Lessons Learned in Evaluating a Multisite, Comprehensive Teen Dating Violence Prevention Strategy: Design and Challenges of the Evaluation of Dating Matters: Strategies to Promote Healthy Teen Relationships. PSYCHOLOGY OF VIOLENCE 2016; 6:452-458. [PMID: 29607239 PMCID: PMC5875431 DOI: 10.1037/vio0000043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper describes the multisite, longitudinal cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) design of the evaluation of the Dating Matters: Strategies to Promote Healthy Relationships initiative, and discusses challenges faced in conducting this evaluation. METHOD Health departments in 4 communities are partnering with middle schools in high-risk, urban communities to implement 2 models of teen dating violence (TDV) prevention over 4 years. Schools were randomized to receive either the Dating Matters comprehensive strategy or the "standard of care" strategy (an existing, evidence-based TDV prevention curriculum). Our design permits comparison of the relative effectiveness of the comprehensive and standard of care strategies. Multiple cohorts of students from 46 middle schools are surveyed in middle school and high school, and parents and educators from participating schools are also surveyed. RESULTS Challenges discussed in conducting a multisite RCT include site variability, separation of implementation and evaluation responsibilities, school retention, parent engagement in research activities, and working within the context of high-risk urban schools and communities. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of our approaches to these challenges in the hopes of informing future research. CONCLUSIONS Despite multiple challenges, the design of the Dating Matters evaluation remains strong. We hope this paper provides researchers who are conducting complex evaluations of behavioral interventions with thoughtful discussion of the challenges we have faced and potential solutions to such challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Andra T Tharp
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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The impact of state policy on teen dating violence prevalence. J Adolesc 2015; 44:88-96. [PMID: 26255246 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2015] [Revised: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Teen dating violence (TDV) is a serious public health concern that is associated with many negative effects. Studies on TDV prevention most often focus on the evaluation of prevention programs in school and community settings. Much less is known about the effects of policy on TDV prevalence. This study tests a model to explain whether stronger laws regarding TDV, specifically civil protection orders, have an impact on TDV rates in states. Results show that stronger policy, Democratic party control of the governor's office, and higher state median income are associated with lower rates of TDV. This study provides solid information regarding the role of civil protection orders as a means of TDV prevention and adds to our knowledge of the efficacy of state-level TDV policy. The information can lead to increased vigor on the part of advocates to strive for specific provisions in the law and to work for gubernatorial candidates who will support such laws.
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