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Otero-García L, Durán-Martín E, Castellanos-Torres E, Sanz-Barbero B, Vives-Cases C. Accessibility of intimate partner violence-related services for young women in Spain. Qualitative study on professionals' perspectives. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297886. [PMID: 38573923 PMCID: PMC10994297 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intimate partner violence (IPV) is common among young people, but the use of IPV resources among young adult women and teenagers is limited. This study aims to analyze professionals' perceptions about the main barriers and facilitators encountered by young women (16-29 years old) exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV) when accessing formal services in Spain. METHODS Qualitative study based on 17 in depth interviews carried out in 2019 with professionals who manage resources for IPV care in Madrid (Spain) from different sectors (social services, health care, security forces, women or youth issues offices, associations). A qualitative content analysis was conducted. RESULTS The professionals interviewed perceive the following barriers: 1) Time it takes for young women to recognize IPV because the social construction of sexual-affective relationships is permeated by gender inequality; 2) The process of leaving a situation of abuse; 3) Barriers inherent to IPV services. The key aspects to improve access to these resources are related to care services, professional practice, and the young women themselves. CONCLUSIONS There are both psychosocial barriers, derived from the process of leaving a situation of violence, as well as structural barriers for young women to access and properly use the recognized services specifically aimed at them or comprehensive IPV care. Services need to be tailored to the needs of young women so they can be truly effective in order to escape IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Otero-García
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- National School of Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Durán-Martín
- International Doctoral School of the Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia and the Joint Research Institute of the Nacional School of Health (UNED- IMIENS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Castellanos-Torres
- Public Health Research Group, Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health an History of Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- Department of Social Sciences, University Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Sanz-Barbero
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- National School of Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Vives-Cases
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Research Group, Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health an History of Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
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Villarreal V, Castro-Villarreal F, Peterson LS, Bear M, Cortes DM, Escobedo T. Meta-Analysis of Proportions of Students Screened and Identified in Mental Health Multiple-Gate Screening Research. SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/2372966x.2022.2106155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Rothman EF, Cuevas CA, Mumford EA, Bahrami E, Taylor BG. The Psychometric Properties of the Measure of Adolescent Relationship Harassment and Abuse (MARSHA) With a Nationally Representative Sample of U.S. Youth. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP9712-NP9737. [PMID: 33399026 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520985480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This article describes a new instrument that assesses adolescent dating abuse (ADA) victimization and perpetration. The Measure of Adolescent Relationship Harassment and Abuse (MARSHA) is a comprehensive instrument that includes items on physical, sexual, and psychological ADA, as well as cyber dating abuse, social control, and invasion of privacy. Data for this study came from a population-based, nationally representative sample of adolescents ages 11 to 21 years old (N = 1,257). Exploratory factor analysis was conducted for the victimization and perpetration versions of the MARSHA, and convergent and divergent validity were assessed using the Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory (CADRI) and the juvenile victimization questionnaire (JVQ), respectively. Results suggest that the MARSHA has good reliability and validity, and that each subscale had good internal consistency. The authors propose that the MARSHA may be a strong alternative to the CADRI or the conflict tactics scale (CTS) because it reflects contemporary forms of abuse, such as online harassment and pressure to send nude selfies, and the nonconsensual dissemination of sexually explicit images.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eva Bahrami
- NORC at the University of Chicago, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Monteiro AP, Correia E, Guedes S. Ciberabuso no namoro em estudantes do ensino superior: autoestima e tempo de duração da relação. REVISTA DE ESTUDIOS E INVESTIGACIÓN EN PSICOLOGÍA Y EDUCACIÓN 2022. [DOI: 10.17979/reipe.2022.9.0.8910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
O aumento da popularidade, quer das novas tecnologias, quer da Internet, tem dado oportunidade ao surgimento de novas formas de violência. O ciberabuso no namoro representa uma nova forma de violência no namoro, tendo o mesmo vindo a ganhar dimensões preocupantes. Assim, este estudo tem como objetivos caraterizar a prevalência do ciberabuso no namoro, estudar a relação entre o ciberabuso no namoro e a autoestima, e averiguar se existem diferenças no ciberabuso no namoro consoante o tempo de duração da relação. Participaram 894 estudantes do ensino superior com idades compreendidas entre os 17 e os 56 anos (M = 21.27, DP = 3.69). Foram aplicados um Questionário Sociodemográfico, o Questionário sobre Ciberabuso no Namoro e a Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que mais de 50% dos participantes sofreram e/ou perpetraram ciberabuso no namoro, verificando-se uma prevalência superior de ciberabuso no namoro por controlo. A autoestima relacionou-se significativamente com alguns fatores desta tipologia de violência, verificando-se ainda que indivíduos que nunca tinham sido vítimas de ciberabuso no namoro, bem como aqueles que nunca tinham perpetrado ciberabuso no namoro, apresentaram uma autoestima mais baixa. Por fim, observou-se que os participantes que estavam há mais tempo numa relação praticaram mais atos de agressão por controlo. Assim, parece pertinente adotar medidas de consciencialização acerca deste fenómeno.
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Collibee C, Rizzo CJ, Kemp K, Hood E, Doucette H, Gittins Stone DI, DeJesus B. Depressive Symptoms Moderate Dating Violence Prevention Outcomes Among Adolescent Girls. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2021; 36:NP3061-NP3079. [PMID: 29673306 PMCID: PMC6167184 DOI: 10.1177/0886260518770189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Few dating violence prevention programs assess how variations in initial violence risk affects responsiveness. This study examines the efficacy of Date SMART, a dating violence and sexual risk prevention program designed to target high-risk adolescent girls, in preventing dating violence in the context of varying initial levels of depressive symptoms. Method: A diverse sample of N = 109 female adolescents with a history of physical dating violence participated in a randomized controlled trial of the Date SMART program and a knowledge only (KO) comparison. Results: Using baseline depression level as a primary risk factor, a series of multilevel models revealed significant main effects of baseline depression such that higher baseline depression was associated with greater physical dating violence perpetration and victimization. Results also showed a three-way interaction for assessment point, depressive symptoms, and condition for physical dating violence perpetration. Specifically, those with higher baseline depression in Date SMART showed significantly less physical dating violence perpetration at follow-ups compared with those with higher baseline depression in the KO group. This difference in violence reduction between conditions was not observed for those with lower baseline depression. Discussion: Date SMART appears to effectively reduce physical dating violence perpetration in those with higher levels of initial risk. Current findings support that adolescents with different risk profiles respond differently to violence prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlene Collibee
- Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Kathleen Kemp
- Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Erik Hood
- Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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Martin-Willett R, Helmuth T, Abraha M, Bryan AD, Hitchcock L, Lee K, Bidwell LC. Validation of a multisubstance online Timeline Followback assessment. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01486. [PMID: 31793226 PMCID: PMC6955818 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Timeline Followback (TLFB) was originally developed to assess alcohol consumption patterns (American Journal of Public Health, 86, 1996, 966) and has been increasingly modified for Web-based use. Additionally, new modes of substance use administration have emerged, creating a need for an adaptable TLFB tool than can capture data such as cannabis product potency or prescription drug use. Our goal was to validate an online TLFB that reliably assesses a wide range of substances in greater detail. METHODS Using a within-subjects counterbalanced design, daily substance use data were collected from 50 college students over a 14-day retrospective period using both the traditional in-person TLFB and online TLFB (O-TLFB). RESULTS All substance use variables, including detailed measures of cannabis metrics, correlated significantly (r's ranged from .653 to .944, p < .001) between TLFB versions. Further, results demonstrated that both the online TLFB and in-person TLFB demonstrated concurrent validity with both the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Marijuana Dependence Scale (MDS). CONCLUSION Overall, the data suggest that this new O-TLFB demonstrates strong reliability and delivers a versatile and secure tool for substance use assessment that is relevant to a variety of biomedical and psychological research contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Median Abraha
- The University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
| | | | | | - Kaitlyn Lee
- The University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
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Barker DH, Scott-Sheldon LAJ, Gittins Stone D, Brown LK. Using Composite Scores to Summarize Adolescent Sexual Risk Behavior: Current State of the Science and Recommendations. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2019; 48:2305-2320. [PMID: 31429032 PMCID: PMC6759377 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-019-01526-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Composite scores offer the advantage of summarizing across multiple sexual risk behaviors to both simplify results and better capture the influence of core contextual, interpersonal, and intrapersonal dynamics that affect multiple sexual risk behaviors. There is inconsistency in how researchers utilize composite scores with minimal guidance on the advantages and disadvantages of frequently used approaches. Strengths and weaknesses of each approach are discussed in the context of assessing adolescent sexual risk behavior. A latent variable model and three commonly used composites were applied to data combined across four clinical trials (n = 1322; 50% female). Findings suggested that the latent variable approach was limited due to minimal correlations among sexual risk behaviors, that choice of composite had minimal impact on cross-sectional results so long as there is sufficient variability in risk behavior in the sample, but composite choice could impact results from clinical trials particularly for subgroup analyses. There are unique challenges to creating composites of adolescent risk behavior, including the fluidity and infrequency of adolescent sexual relationships that result in many participants reporting no sexual behavior at any given assessment and a low correlation between the number of partners and condomless sex acts. These challenges impede application of data-driven approaches to defining sexual risk composites. Recommendations to improve consistency in reporting include: (1) reporting each type of risk behavior separately prior to forming a composite, (2) aggregating across assessments to increase the chance of observing sexual risk behaviors, and (3) continued work toward a unified definition of adolescent sexual risk behavior that can guide the development of appropriate measurement models.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Barker
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Box-G-BH, Providence, RI, 02906, USA.
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Lori A J Scott-Sheldon
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Box-G-BH, Providence, RI, 02906, USA
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Daniel Gittins Stone
- Department of Applied Psychology, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Larry K Brown
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Box-G-BH, Providence, RI, 02906, USA
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
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Rizzo CJ, Joppa M, Barker D, Collibee C, Zlotnick C, Brown LK. Project Date SMART: a Dating Violence (DV) and Sexual Risk Prevention Program for Adolescent Girls with Prior DV Exposure. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2019; 19:416-426. [PMID: 29352400 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-018-0871-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the initial feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of an intervention aimed at reducing dating violence and sexual risk behavior in a sample of adolescent girls (ages 14-17) with prior exposure to physical dating violence (DV). One hundred and nine girls were randomly assigned to Date SMART (Skills to Manage Aggression in Relationships for Teens) or a Knowledge-only (KO) comparison group. Both intervention arms consisted of six, weekly 2-h sessions and one "booster" session 6 weeks later. Based on principles of cognitive behavioral therapy, the Date SMART intervention was designed to target common underlying skills deficits linked to both DV and sexual risk behavior in adolescent females: depression, self-regulation deficits, and interpersonal skills deficits. Assessments were administered at four time points (baseline, 3, 6, and 9 months). The Date SMART group was effective as reducing sexual DV involvement across the 9-month follow-up period. Both groups evidenced clinically meaningful reductions in physical, emotional, and digital DV involvement, total time in dating relationships, as well as reductions in depression. Findings indicate that delivering a DV and sexual risk prevention intervention to DV-affected adolescent girls is feasible and well-received. Furthermore, a skills-based approach that addresses the co-occurrence of DV and sexual risk behavior may be particularly useful for promoting reductions of sexual DV among high-risk adolescent girls. A future, large-scale trial with an inactive comparison condition is needed to evaluate the efficacy of Date SMART further. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials, NCT01326195, and http://www.clinicaltrials.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christie J Rizzo
- Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Department of Applied Psychology, Northeastern University, 432 INV, 360 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA, 02115-5000, USA.
| | | | - David Barker
- Bradley/Hasbro Children's Research Center/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Charlene Collibee
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Caron Zlotnick
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Larry K Brown
- Bradley/Hasbro Children's Research Center/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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