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Shen C, Lin YC, Lin HY, Chen LK, Hsiao FY. Effects of declines in personal mastery on self-perceived mobility, physical function, cognitive function, and depressive symptoms: a 6-year follow-up study from the Social Environment and Biomarkers of Aging Study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2023; 35:3215-3226. [PMID: 38070123 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02613-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As the psychosocial competence, personal mastery helps individuals to cope with stressful life events, and this study aims to examine impacts of declines in personal mastery on healthy aging among community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults using a nationally representative cohort. METHODS Data from 648 study participants in the Social Environment and Biomarkers of Aging Study (SEBAS) were retrieved for analysis. All participants were divided into four groups based on their baseline and changes of personal mastery (measured by the Pearlin mastery score) during the 6-year follow-up. Multivariate logistic regression models were adopted to examine associations between declines in personal mastery and indicators for healthy aging (declines in self-perceived mobility, physical function (activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)), cognitive function and depressive symptoms). RESULTS After adjustments for demographics and comorbidities, those with declines in personal mastery were associated with greater risks of declines in self-perceived mobility (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.50 [95% confidence interval 1.01-2.22], p < 0.05). Although the point estimate in the unadjusted models indicated similar associations between declines in personal mastery and declines in ADLs, IADLs, cognitive function or depressive symptoms, these outcomes did not reach statistical significance in the adjusted model. CONCLUSIONS Declines in personal mastery were negatively associated with indicators related to healthy aging (particularly locomotion) in a 6-year follow-up. Further investigations are needed to explore the effects of preventing declines in personal mastery in promoting healthy aging over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh Shen
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Room 220, 33, Linsen S. Rd, Taipei, 10050, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yu Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Room 220, 33, Linsen S. Rd, Taipei, 10050, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Kung Chen
- Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec 2 Shih-Pai Road, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital (Managed By Taipei Veterans General Hospital), Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Fei-Yuan Hsiao
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Room 220, 33, Linsen S. Rd, Taipei, 10050, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Shields M, Tonmyr L, Gonzalez A, Atkinson L, Blair DL, Hovdestad W, MacMillan H. Depression, parenting and the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada: results from three nationally representative cross-sectional surveys. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e063991. [PMID: 37580094 PMCID: PMC10432656 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Depression is associated with problems in functioning in many aspects of life, including parenting. COVID-19 has increased risk factors for depression. We investigated the prevalence of depression among parents during the pandemic and the association with dysfunctional parenting. DESIGN Canadian nationwide cross-sectional study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS The 2020 and 2021 Surveys on COVID-19 and Mental Health (SCMH) and the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) (2015‒2019). Responding sample sizes for parents were 3121 for the 2020-SCMH; 1574 for the 2021-SCMH and 6076 for the CCHS. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES All three surveys collected information on symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD). The SCMH measured harsh parenting. RESULTS Based on data from the 2021-SCMH collected during wave 3 of COVID-19, 14.4% of fathers and 21.2% of mothers screened positive for MDD. These prevalence estimates were similar to those from the 2020-SCMH during wave 2, but at least two times higher than pre-COVID-19 estimates from the CCHS. Multivariate analyses revealed a linear association between MDD and harsh parenting. COVID-19-related stressors were associated with harsh parenting. Among mothers, feeling lonely or isolated because of COVID-19 was a risk factor for harsh parenting; among fathers, being a front-line worker was a risk factor. Meditation was a protective factor for mothers. CONCLUSIONS After years of stability, the prevalence of MDD increased substantially among Canadian parents during the pandemic. Ongoing monitoring is vital to determine if elevated levels of depression persist because chronic depression increases the likelihood of negative child outcomes. Programmes aimed at addressing depression and bolstering parenting skills are needed as families continue to face stressors associated with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lil Tonmyr
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea Gonzalez
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leslie Atkinson
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dawn-Li Blair
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Harriet MacMillan
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences, and of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Nguyen AL, Hussain MA, Pasipanodya E, Rubtsova AA, Moore RC, Jeste DV, Moore DJ. The impact of life stress, psychological resources, and proactive behaviors on quality of life among people living with HIV. Aging Ment Health 2023; 27:948-956. [PMID: 35486380 PMCID: PMC9943531 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2022.2068126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Quality of life (QoL) is an important consideration for people living with HIV (PWH). We investigated the relationship between stress, psychological resources, and proactive behaviors, on QoL (conceptualized as life satisfaction, successful aging, and depressive symptoms) by testing the hypotheses: (1) greater life stress (stress and functional impairment) is associated with poorer QoL; (2) resources (mastery, resilience, and social support) are associated with better QoL, beyond the influence of stress; and (3) proactive behaviors (medication management and leisure activities) mediate the relationship between resources and QoL. METHODS Secondary analyses were performed (N = 128 PWH). Participants' mean age was 52.3, 83.6% were male, and 53.9 identified as white. Multivariate regressions were performed within the context of path analyses. RESULTS In series 1, greater stress was associated with poorer life satisfaction (p < 0.001), lower self-rated successful aging (p < 0.001), and greater depression (p < 0.001). Functional impairment was associated with lower successful aging (p = 0.017) and greater depression (p = 0.001). In series 2, which accounted for mastery, resilience, social support, as well as demographic covariates, mastery was associated with greater life satisfaction (p = 0.038). In series 3, stress, functional impairment, leisure activities, and ART management were added to the model and social support was associated with engagement in leisure activities (p < 0.001), which was associated with better successful aging (p = 0.006). Fit indices suggested adequate relative fit. In bootstrapped analyses of indirect effects, social support was indirectly associated with successful aging through leisure activities (p = 0.020). CONCLUSIONS QoL, as captured by self-rated successful aging, is threatened by stress but positively influenced by social support and engaging in leisure activities. Findings support a model of proactive successful aging for PWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie L. Nguyen
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mariam A. Hussain
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University and University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Anna A. Rubtsova
- Department of Behavioral, Social, and Health Education Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Raeanne C. Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dilip V. Jeste
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David J. Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Holwerda TJ, Jaarsma E, van Zutphen EM, Beekman ATF, Pan KY, van Vliet M, Stringa N, van den Besselaar JH, MacNeil-Vroomen JL, Hoogendijk EO, Kok AAL. The impact of COVID-19 related adversity on the course of mental health during the pandemic and the role of protective factors: a longitudinal study among older adults in The Netherlands. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2023:10.1007/s00127-023-02457-5. [PMID: 36964770 PMCID: PMC10039342 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02457-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Many studies report about risk factors associated with adverse changes in mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic while few studies report about protective and buffering factors, especially in older adults. We present an observational study to assess protective and buffering factors against COVID-19 related adverse mental health changes in older adults. METHODS 899 older adults (55 +) in the Netherlands were followed from 2018/19 to two pandemic time points (June-October 2020 and March-August 2021). Questionnaires included exposure to pandemic-related adversities ("COVID-19 exposure"), depressive and anxiety symptoms, loneliness, and pre-pandemic functioning. Linear regression analyses estimated main effects of COVID-19 exposure and protective factors on mental health changes; interaction effects were tested to identify buffering factors. RESULTS Compared to pre-pandemic, anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms and loneliness increased. A higher score on the COVID-19 adversity index was associated with stronger negative mental health changes. Main effects: internet use and high mastery decreased depressive symptoms; a larger network decreased anxiety symptoms; female gender, larger network size and praying decreased loneliness. COVID-19 vaccination buffered against COVID-19 exposure-induced anxiety and loneliness, a partner buffered against COVID-19 exposure induced loneliness. CONCLUSION Exposure to COVID-19 adversity had a cumulative negative impact on mental health. Improving coping, finding meaning, stimulating existing religious and spiritual resources, network interventions and stimulating internet use may enable older adults to maintain mental health during events with large societal impact, yet these factors appear protective regardless of exposure to specific adversities. COVID-19 vaccination had a positive effect on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjalling J Holwerda
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Psychiatry, ARKIN Mental Health Care Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Eva Jaarsma
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth M van Zutphen
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aartjan T F Beekman
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kuan-Yu Pan
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Majogé van Vliet
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Najada Stringa
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Judith H van den Besselaar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janet L MacNeil-Vroomen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel O Hoogendijk
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Almar A L Kok
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Talmon A, Cohen N, Raif Y, Ginzburg K. Sense of mastery among older adults and its relation to invalidating childhood experiences. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:2186-2194. [PMID: 34669542 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.1993130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
ObjectivesSense of mastery, a well-recognized resource for older adults, has been shown to be related to early life experiences, especially parent-child interactions. Yet while there are indications that a reduced sense of mastery is related to early experiences of child maltreatment, this association has not been studied among older adults. The aim of this study was to examine the relation between experiences of childhood parental invalidation and sense of mastery among older adults, through the mediation of self-objectification and perceived disrupted body boundaries.Methods: Three-hundred-and-sixteen older adults (Mean = 72.24; SD = 8.12 years; range: 60-94) filled out a battery of questionnaires assessing their levels of exposure to childhood parental invalidation experiences, sense of self-objectification, disrupted body boundaries, and sense of masteryResults: A structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis supported the hypothesized research model. More specifically, two significant indirect effects were observed, according to which the association between invalidating childhood experiences and sense of mastery was mediated by both self-objectification and by disrupted body boundaries.Conclusion: As these results suggest that early life experiences continue to affect individuals' sense of self in older age, they should be considered an important factor for evaluation and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Talmon
- Psychology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Noa Cohen
- The Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Raif
- The Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Karni Ginzburg
- The Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Novic AJ, Seib C, Burton NW. Longitudinal Association of Physical Activity, Mastery and Psychological Distress in Mid-Aged Adults over 9-Years. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14052. [PMID: 36360945 PMCID: PMC9657595 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Psychological distress is highly prevalent and associated with significant adverse health outcomes and economic burden. Mastery and physical activity are potential resources to reduce distress and promote wellbeing; however, previous research has not examined their potential interactive relationship over time. The purpose of this study was to explore associations between mastery, physical activity, and distress in mid-aged adults over nine years. Data from a longitudinal mail survey study including the Kessler 6, Pearlin Mastery Scale, and items assessing time spent in physical activity were examined in a sample of 4404 adults aged 40 to 54 years at baseline. Group-Based Trajectory Models identified two distinct trajectories of psychological distress (elevated and low). Generalized Estimating Equations were used to assess mastery and physical activity, adjusting for sociodemographic and health variables, as predictors for the probability of distress group membership. The odds of elevated distress over time were significantly reduced in people with higher mastery (OR = 0.13; 95% 0.11-0.15) and doing at least 150 min/week of physical activity (OR = 0.81; 95% 0.68-0.96). There was no significant interaction between mastery and physical activity. Mastery and physical activity may be important resources to mitigate distress and further research is needed to evaluate interventions promoting these resources and the impact on mid-aged adults experiencing psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. Novic
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane 4122, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health, Griffith University, Brisbane 4122, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane 4222, Australia
| | - Charrlotte Seib
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane 4222, Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Brisbane 4215, Australia
| | - Nicola W. Burton
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane 4122, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health, Griffith University, Brisbane 4122, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane 4222, Australia
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Fahey MC, Talcott WG, Robinson LA, Mallawaarachchi I, Klesges RC, Little MA. Predictors of Cessation Outcomes Among Older Adult Smokers Enrolled in a Proactive Tobacco Quitline Intervention. J Aging Health 2022; 34:1144-1155. [PMID: 35506995 DOI: 10.1177/08982643221097679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify predictors of older adults' likelihood of quitting following engagement in a proactive tobacco quit line. METHODS Older (>60 years) participants (N = 186) enrolled in a four-session quit line with 8-weeks of nicotine replacement therapy reported demographics, beliefs, and information about tobacco use. Point prevalence abstinence was reported at 3 and 12-months. RESULTS In final models, endorsement of quitting to take control of one's life and confidence in quitting were positively associated with 3-month cessation (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.16, 2.62; OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.21, 2.52, respectively). At 12 months, stronger endorsement of quitting to take control of one's life and decreased nicotine dependence were associated with higher cessation (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.05, 2.17; OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.71,0.99, respectively). DISCUSSION For tobacco cessation among older adults, programs should provide additional support to those with higher nicotine dependence, promote quitting self-efficacy, and encourage quitting as means to gain control of life and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret C Fahey
- 5415Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Wayne G Talcott
- Department of Public Health Sciences, 2358University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- 438578Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Leslie A Robinson
- 5415Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Indika Mallawaarachchi
- Department of Public Health Sciences, 2358University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Robert C Klesges
- Department of Public Health Sciences, 2358University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- 438578Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Melissa A Little
- Department of Public Health Sciences, 2358University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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Taking care of older caregivers who lose control: the association between mastery and psychopathology. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2022; 101:104687. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Shields M, Tonmyr L, Gonzalez A, Weeks M, Park SB, Robert AM, Blair DL, MacMillan HL. Symptoms of major depressive disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from a representative sample of the Canadian population. Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can 2021; 41:340-358. [PMID: 34569772 DOI: 10.24095/hpcdp.41.11.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since the outbreak of COVID-19, numerous studies from around the world have reported declines in mental health. However, most of these studies were of low-to-moderate quality and many were based on convenience samples or used mental health measures with low validity, or both. Consequently, it has been difficult to draw conclusions. METHODS Both the 2020 Survey on COVID-19 and Mental Health (SCMH) and the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) (2015-2019) used the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to screen for major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults aged 18 or older. The prevalence of MDD was compared between the SCMH and the CCHS. Risk and protective factors for MDD in the SCMH were examined using bivariate and logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Based on SCMH data, 15.2% (95% CI: 14.2-16.2) of Canadians screened positive for MDD. The prevalence of MDD was more than two times higher in the SCMH (during COVID-19) than in the CCHS (predating COVID-19). In bivariate analysis, Canadians reporting five or more COVID-19-related risk factors were close to 30 times more likely to have MDD than those reporting no risk factors. Mastery and a sense of community belonging were protective factors for MDD. CONCLUSION After remaining stable for two decades, the prevalence of depression among Canadians increased substantially with the onset of COVID-19. Ongoing monitoring of this common condition associated with major morbidity is vital to determine if elevated levels of MDD persist as we progress through and beyond future waves of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lil Tonmyr
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea Gonzalez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Murray Weeks
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Su-Bin Park
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Dawn-Li Blair
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Harriet L MacMillan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Veenstra M, Herlofson K, Aartsen M, Hansen T, Hellevik T, Henriksen G, Løset GK, Vangen H. Cohort Profile: The Norwegian Life Course, Ageing and Generation Study (NorLAG). Int J Epidemiol 2021; 50:728-729i. [PMID: 33496326 PMCID: PMC8271209 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyaa280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marijke Veenstra
- Norwegian Social Research (NOVA), Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Katharina Herlofson
- Norwegian Social Research (NOVA), Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marja Aartsen
- Norwegian Social Research (NOVA), Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Hansen
- Norwegian Social Research (NOVA), Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tale Hellevik
- Norwegian Social Research (NOVA), Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Gøril Kvamme Løset
- Norwegian Social Research (NOVA), Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanna Vangen
- Norwegian Social Research (NOVA), Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
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Badawy P, Schieman S. Control and the Health Effects of Work-Family Conflict: A Longitudinal Test of Generalized Versus Specific Stress Buffering. JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR 2020; 61:324-341. [PMID: 32723101 DOI: 10.1177/0022146520942897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The stress associated with work-to-family conflict (WFC) and family-to-work conflict (FWC) is well documented. However, surprisingly little is known about the resources that moderate the effects of work-family conflict on health over time. Using four waves of panel data from the Canadian Work, Stress, and Health Study (2011-2017; n = 11,349 person-wave observations), we compare how a core psychosocial resource (personal mastery) and a salient organizationally based resource (schedule control) moderate the health effects of WFC and FWC. After establishing these health effects related to distress and physical symptoms, we discover that mastery has generalized stress-buffering functions whereby it alleviates the health effects of both WFC and FWC. In contrast, schedule control has asymmetrical moderating functions: It attenuates the health effects of WFC only. These findings elaborate and sharpen the scope of resources as moderators in the stress process model-and we integrate these ideas with other conceptual models like the job demands-resources model.
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Hish AJ, Nagy GA, Fang CM, Kelley L, Nicchitta CV, Dzirasa K, Rosenthal MZ. Applying the Stress Process Model to Stress-Burnout and Stress-Depression Relationships in Biomedical Doctoral Students: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study. CBE LIFE SCIENCES EDUCATION 2019; 18:ar51. [PMID: 31622166 PMCID: PMC6812567 DOI: 10.1187/cbe.19-03-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Although doctoral students in the biomedical sciences have been recognized as a population at particular risk for mental health problems such as burnout and depression, little research has been conducted to identify candidate targets for intervention. To this end, we used the stress process model to evaluate potential mediators of stress-burnout and stress-depression relationships in biomedical doctoral students. A cross-sectional sample (n = 69) completed validated self-report measures of stress; symptoms of burnout and depression; and perceptions of mastery, social support, and advisor support. In linear regression models, we found that academic stressors were most predictive of burnout, whereas family/monetary stressors were most predictive of depression. In mediation models, we found that the relationship between stress and burnout was partially mediated by mastery and advisor support, while the stress-depression relationship was partially mediated by mastery. These findings represent a first step in identifying interventional targets to improve mental health in this at-risk population. Whereas certain stressors are inherent to the doctoral training environment, psychosocial interventions to enhance one's sense of mastery and/or to improve advisor relationships may mitigate the influence of such stressors on burnout and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Hish
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Gabriela A. Nagy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Caitlin M. Fang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Lisalynn Kelley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Christopher V. Nicchitta
- Department of Cell Biology, Office of Biomedical Graduate Education, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
| | - Kafui Dzirasa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
- Center for Neuroengineering, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
- Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Neurobiology and
| | - M. Zachary Rosenthal
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710
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Lambotte D, Kardol MJM, Schoenmakers B, Fret B, Smetcoren AS, De Roeck EE, Van der Elst M, De Donder L. Relational aspects of mastery for frail, older adults: The role of informal caregivers in the care process. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2019; 27:632-641. [PMID: 30375701 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Frail, older care recipients are often thought of as individuals with a decreased mastery of everyday life skills. Various authors have proposed to acknowledge a relational dimension of mastery, defined as the ability to maintain control over one's life with the help of others. This study explores how frail, older adults experience relational aspects of mastery and the role of their informal caregivers in maintaining these aspects of mastery over the care process. Qualitative interviews (N = 121) were conducted in 2016 with potentially frail, community-dwelling older adults participating in the Detection, Support and Care for Older people: Prevention and Empowerment (D-SCOPE) project. A secondary analysis of 65 interviews reveals that, according to frail, older adults, informal caregivers contribute in various ways to the preservation of their mastery. This differs across the four elements of care: caring about (attentiveness), taking care of (responsibility), care-giving (competence), and care-receiving (responsiveness). However, in some cases, older adults experienced a loss of mastery; for example, when informal caregivers did not understand their care needs and did not involve them in the decision, organisation, and provision of care. A relational dimension of mastery needs to be acknowledged in frail, older care recipients since stimulating mastery is a crucial element for realising community care objectives and person-centred and integrated care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Lambotte
- Department of Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Bram Fret
- Department of Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - An-Sofie Smetcoren
- Department of Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ellen E De Roeck
- Department of Clinical and Lifespan Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Michaël Van der Elst
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liesbeth De Donder
- Department of Educational Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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