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Zul Aznal AN, Mohamad Nor Hazalin NA, Hassan Z, Mat NH, Chear NJY, Teh LK, Salleh MZ, Suhaimi FW. Adolescent kratom exposure affects cognitive behaviours and brain metabolite profiles in Sprague-Dawley rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1057423. [PMID: 36518677 PMCID: PMC9744228 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1057423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a critical developmental period during which exposure to psychoactive substances like kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) can cause long-lasting deleterious effects. Here, we evaluated the effects of mitragynine, the main alkaloid of kratom, and lyophilised kratom decoction (LKD) on cognitive behaviours and brain metabolite profiles in adolescent rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (Postnatal day, PND31) were given vehicle, morphine (5 mg/kg), mitragynine (3, 10, or 30 mg/kg), or LKD (equivalent dose of 30 mg/kg mitragynine) for 15 consecutive days. Later, a battery of behavioural testing was conducted, brain was extracted and metabolomic analysis was performed using LCMS-QTOF. The results showed that mitragynine did not affect the recognition memory in the novel object recognition task. In the social interaction task, morphine, mitragynine, and LKD caused a marked deficit in social behaviour, while in Morris water maze task, mitragynine and LKD only affected reference memory. Metabolomic analysis revealed distinct metabolite profiles of animals with different treatments. Several pathways that may be involved in the effects of kratom exposure include arachidonic acid, pantothenate and CoA, and tryptophan pathways, with several potential biomarkers identified. These findings suggest that adolescent kratom exposure can cause cognitive behavioural deficits that may be associated with changes in the brain metabolite profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nurul Aqmar Mohamad Nor Hazalin
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Zurina Hassan
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Noorul Hamizah Mat
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | | | - Lay Kek Teh
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Zaki Salleh
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
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The Influence of CB2-Receptor Ligands on the Memory-Related Responses in Connection with Cholinergic Pathways in Mice in the Passive Avoidance Test. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134252. [PMID: 35807499 PMCID: PMC9268103 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dysfunction of the cholinergic system is associated with the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). One of the new possible strategies for the pharmacological modulation of memory-related problems typical of AD, is connected with the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and the cannabinoid (CB: CB1 and CB2) receptors. Methods: The aim of the study was to determine the influence of the selective CB2 receptor ligands: agonist (JWH 133) and antagonist (AM 630) on different stages of memory and learning in mice, in the context of their interaction with cholinergic pathways. To assess and understand the memory-related effects in mice we used the passive avoidance (PA) test. Results: We revealed that co-administration of non-effective dose of JWH 133 (0.25 mg) or AM 630 (0.25 mg/kg) with the non-effective dose of cholinergic receptor agonist - nicotine (0.05 mg/kg) enhanced cognition in the PA test in mice; however, an acute injection of JWH 133 (0.25 mg/kg) or AM 630 (0.25 mg/kg) had no influence on memory enhancement induced by the effective dose of nicotine (0.1 mg/kg). Co-administration of JWH 133 (0.25 mg) or AM 630 (0.25 mg/kg) with the effective dose of the cholinergic receptor antagonist scopolamine (1 mg/kg) attenuated the scopolamine-induced memory impairment in the PA test in mice. Conclusion: Our experiments have shown that CB2 receptors participate in the modulation of memory-related responses, especially those in which cholinergic pathways are implicated.
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Chronic Cyanuric Acid Exposure Depresses Hippocampal LTP but Does Not Disrupt Spatial Learning or Memory in the Morris Water Maze. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:1148-1159. [PMID: 33751468 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00355-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to cyanuric acid (CA) causes multiple organ failure accompanied by the involvement in kinds of target proteins, which are detectable and play central roles in the CNS. The hippocampus has been identified as a brain area which was especially vulnerable in developmental condition associated with cognitive dysfunction. No studies have examined the effects of CA on hippocampal function after in vitro or in vivo treatment. Here, we aimed to examine hippocampal synaptic function and adverse behavioral effects using a rat model administered CA intraperitoneally or intrahippocampally. We found that infusion of CA induced a depression in the frequency but not the amplitude of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs), miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs), or N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) of the CA1 neurons in dose-dependent pattern. Both intraperitoneal and intrahippocampal injections of CA suppressed hippocampal LTP from Schaffer collaterals to CA1 regions. Paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), a presynaptic phenomenon, was enhanced while the total and phosphorylated expression of NMDA-GluN1, NMDA-GluN2A, and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-GluA1 subunits were comparable between CA-treated and control groups. In Morris water maze test, both groups could effectively learn and retain spatial memory. Our studies provide the first evidence for the neurotoxic effect of CA and the insight into its potential mechanisms.
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He W, Tu M, Du Y, Li J, Pang Y, Dong Z. Nicotine Promotes AβPP Nonamyloidogenic Processing via RACK1-Dependent Activation of PKC in SH-SY5Y-AβPP695 Cells. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 75:451-460. [PMID: 32250310 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides, generated from amyloid-β precursor protein (AβPP) amyloidogenic processing, is one of the most salient disease hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Nicotine is able to promote α-secretase-mediated AβPP nonamyloidogenic processing and increase the release of sAβPPα and C-terminal fragment of 83 amino acids (C83). However, the potential molecular mechanism remains elusive. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of nicotine on AβPP processing in SH-SY5Y cells that stably express human Swedish mutant AβPP695 (SH-SY5Y-AβPP695). METHODS The expression of AβPP and its C-terminal fragments including C99, C89, and C83, was measured in SH-SY5Y-AβPP695 cells treated with nicotine for 6 h. Protein kinase C (PKC) antagonist Ro30-8220 or agonist PMA was used to determine the role of PKC in AβPP processing. Lentivirus-mediated shRNA targeting receptor for activated C-kinase 1 (RACK1) gene was added into the media to knockdown RACK1 expression, and then AβPP processing was examined. RESULTS The results showed that 6 h of nicotine exposure increased the expression of α-secretase (ADAM10) and C83 in a dose dependent manner. While the β-secretase (BACE1), AβPP amyloidogenic processing products C89 and C99 as well as Aβ peptides (including Aβ40 and Aβ42) remained unchanged. We also found that nicotine elevated the expression of phosphorylated PKC (P-PKC) and RACK1 on the cytomembrane. PKC antagonist Ro30-8220 treatment prevented the increase of ADAM10 and C83 by nicotine. Genetic knockdown RACK1 significantly inhibited P-PKC, and consequently abolished the increase of ADAM10 and C83 by nicotine. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results indicate that nicotine effectively promotes AβPP nonamyloidogenic processing via RACK1-dependent activation of PKC in SH-SY5Y-AβPP695 cells and could be a potential molecule for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting He
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Man Tu
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yehong Du
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junjie Li
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yayan Pang
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhifang Dong
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Prenatal melamine exposure impairs cognitive flexibility and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in adolescent and adult female rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2019; 186:172791. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2019.172791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Wang Y, Feng L, Liu S, Zhou X, Yin T, Liu Z, Yang Z. Transcranial Magneto-Acoustic Stimulation Improves Neuroplasticity in Hippocampus of Parkinson's Disease Model Mice. Neurotherapeutics 2019; 16:1210-1224. [PMID: 30993592 PMCID: PMC6985386 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-019-00732-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we have, for the first time, demonstrated the beneficial effects of transcranial magneto-acoustic stimulation (TMAS), a technique based on focused ultrasound stimulation within static magnetic field, on the learning and memory abilities and neuroplasticity of the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD). Our results showed that chronic TMAS treatment (2 weeks) improved the outcome of Morris water maze, long-term potentiation (LTP), and dendritic spine densities in the dentate gyrus (DG) region of the hippocampus of PD model mice. To further investigate into the underlying mechanisms of these beneficial effects by TMAS, we quantified the proteins in the hippocampus that regulated neuroplasticity. Results showed that the level of postsynaptic density protein 95 was elevated in the brain of TMAS-treated PD model mice while the level of synaptophysin (SYP) did not show any change. We further quantified proteins that mediated neuroplasticity mechanisms, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and other important proteins that mediated neuroplasticity. Results showed that TMAS treatment elevated the levels of BDNF, cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and protein kinase B (p-Akt) in the PD model mouse hippocampus, but not in the non-PD mouse hippocampus. These results suggest that the beneficial effects on the neuroplasticity of PD model mice treated with TMAS could possibly be conducted through postsynaptic regulations and mediated by BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexiang Wang
- College of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Lina Feng
- College of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shikun Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhou
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Tao Yin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Zhipeng Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
| | - Zhuo Yang
- College of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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7
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Al-Sawalha N, Alzoubi K, Khabour O, Alyacoub W, Almahmmod Y, Eissenberg T. Effect of Prenatal Exposure to Waterpipe Tobacco Smoke on Learning and Memory of Adult Offspring Rats. Nicotine Tob Res 2019. [PMID: 28637174 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntx142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Waterpipe tobacco smoking has increased in prevalence worldwide, including among pregnant women. In this study, we investigated the effect of prenatal maternal waterpipe tobacco smoke (WTS) exposure during different stages of pregnancy on learning and memory of adult offspring rats. Methods Pregnant rats received either fresh air or mainstream WTS (2 hours daily) during early, mid, late, or whole gestational period. Male offspring rats were followed through 20 weeks. Outcomes included (1) spatial learning and memory using the radial arm water maze (RAWM), (2) levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus, and (3) oxidative stress biomarkers (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances). Results Relative to offspring whose mothers were exposed to fresh air, prenatal exposure to WTS at any stage of pregnancy resulted in short- and long-term memory impairment in adult offspring rats (p < .05). This impairment was associated with reduced levels of BDNF in hippocampus (p < .05). However, prenatal WTS did not affect the level of oxidative stress biomarkers in hippocampus. Prenatal WTS during late gestation increased the activity of catalase as compared to control. Conclusion Prenatal maternal WTS exposure can impair the memory of adult male offspring. These results support development of interventions that target pregnant women who smoke waterpipe during pregnancy. Implications We examined for the first time the effect of prenatal waterpipe tobacco smoke exposure on learning and memory of offspring. The results showed that in utero exposure to waterpipe tobacco smoke was associated with impaired memory and decreased brain derived neurotrophic factor in hippocampus of adult male offspring rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Al-Sawalha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Karem Alzoubi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Omar Khabour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.,Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Weam Alyacoub
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Yehya Almahmmod
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Thomas Eissenberg
- Department of Psychology (Health Program) and Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
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Distinct Impacts of Fullerene on Cognitive Functions of Dementia vs. Non-dementia Mice. Neurotox Res 2019; 36:736-745. [PMID: 31222673 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00075-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Fullerene is a family of carbon materials widely applied in modern medicine and ecosystem de-contamination. Its wide application makes human bodies more and more constantly exposed to fullerene particles. Since fullerene particles are able to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) (Yamago et al. 1995), if and how fullerene would affect brain functions need to be investigated for human health consideration. For this purpose, we administered fullerene on subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) model mice and sham mice, two types of mice with distinct penetration properties of BBB and hence possibly distinct vulnerabilities to fullerene. We studied the spatial learning and memory abilities of mice with Morris water maze (MWM) and the neuroplasticity properties of the hippocampus. Results showed that fullerene administration suppressed outcomes of MWM in sham mice, along with suppressed long-term potentiation (LTP) and dendritic spine densities. Oppositely, recoveries of MWM outcomes and neuroplasticity properties were observed in fullerene-treated SIVD mice. To further clarify the mechanism of the impact of fullerene on neuroplasticity, we measured the levels of postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95), synaptophysin (SYP), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) by western blot assay. Results suggest that the distinct impacts of fullerene on behavior test and neuroplasticity may be conducted through postsynaptic regulations that were mediated by BDNF.
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Kangiser MM, Lochner AM, Thomas AM, Lisdahl KM. Gender Moderates Chronic Nicotine Cigarette Effects on Verbal Memory in Young Adults. Subst Use Misuse 2019; 54:1812-1824. [PMID: 31094617 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2019.1613432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: Rates of nicotine use remain a prominent public health concern, especially among young adults. Previous findings have demonstrated that chronic exposure to nicotine during adolescence may be linked to various neurocognitive deficits. Nicotine differentially affects the brain by gender. Objectives: The present study investigated the effects of gender and chronic nicotine use on cognition in the developing brain. Methods: From 2008 to 2011, 57 young adult (ages 18-25) participants were recruited as part of a larger cross-sectional neuroimaging study and divided into 21 nicotine users (12 female) and 36 non-using controls (17 female). Participants completed various questionnaires, drug use interview, neuropsychological battery, and MRI scan in a university setting. A series of multiple regressions was conducted with nicotine group and gender*nicotine group interaction as predictors. Results: After controlling for gender, nicotine group status alone was not associated with neuropsychological performance. A gender x nicotine interaction was significantly associated with performance on trial 1, short delay free recall, and long delay free recall of the CVLT-II. Female smokers demonstrated better performance on trial 1 and short and long delay free recall than female controls. Male smokers performed more poorly than male controls on short and long delay free recall. Conclusions: These preliminary findings suggest that cognitive effects of chronic nicotine use are moderated by gender. Further research is needed to determine causality, and identify underlying brain structures and function that may be responsible for differences in verbal memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Kangiser
- a Department of Psychology , University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee , Milwaukee , WI , USA
| | - Angelina M Lochner
- a Department of Psychology , University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee , Milwaukee , WI , USA
| | - Alicia M Thomas
- a Department of Psychology , University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee , Milwaukee , WI , USA
| | - Krista M Lisdahl
- a Department of Psychology , University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee , Milwaukee , WI , USA
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10
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Adermark L, Morud J, Lotfi A, Ericson M, Söderpalm B. Acute and chronic modulation of striatal endocannabinoid-mediated plasticity by nicotine. Addict Biol 2019; 24:355-363. [PMID: 29292565 PMCID: PMC6585825 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid (eCB) system modulates several phenomena related to addictive behaviors, and drug‐induced changes in eCB signaling have been postulated to be important mediators of physiological and pathological reward‐related synaptic plasticity. Here, we studied eCB‐mediated long‐term depression (eCB‐LTD) in the dorsolateral striatum, a brain region critical for acquisition of habitual and automatic behavior. We report that nicotine differentially affects ex vivo eCB signaling depending on previous exposure in vivo. In the nicotine‐naïve brain, nicotine facilitates eCB‐signaling and LTD, whereas tolerance develops to this facilitating effect after subchronic exposure in vivo. In the end, a progressive impairment of eCB‐induced LTD is established after protracted withdrawal from nicotine. Endocannabinoid‐LTD is reinstated 6 months after the last drug injection, but a brief period of nicotine re‐exposure is sufficient to yet again impair eCB‐signaling. LTD induced by the cannabinoid 1 receptor agonist WIN55,212‐2 is not affected, suggesting that nicotine modulates eCB production or release. Nicotine‐induced facilitation of eCB‐LTD is occluded by the dopamine D2 receptor agonist quinpirole, and by the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist scopolamine. In addition, the same compounds restore eCB‐LTD during protracted withdrawal. Nicotine may thus modulate eCB‐signaling by affecting dopaminergic and cholinergic neurotransmission in a long‐lasting manner. Overall, the data presented here suggest that nicotine facilitates eCB‐LTD in the initial phase, which putatively could promote neurophysiological and behavioral adaptations to the drug. Protracted withdrawal, however, impairs eCB‐LTD, which may influence or affect the ability to maintain cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Adermark
- Addiction Biology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Julia Morud
- Addiction Biology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Amir Lotfi
- Addiction Biology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Mia Ericson
- Addiction Biology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Bo Söderpalm
- Addiction Biology Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of Gothenburg Sweden
- Beroendekliniken, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Sweden
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Zeid D, Kutlu MG, Gould TJ. Differential Effects of Nicotine Exposure on the Hippocampus Across Lifespan. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:388-402. [PMID: 28714396 PMCID: PMC6018186 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170714092436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotine exposure affects the hippocampus through activation of hippocampal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), which are present throughout excitatory and inhibitory hippocampal circuitry. The role of cholinergic functioning in the hippocampus varies across developmental stages so that nicotine exposure differentially affects this region depending upon timing of exposure, producing developmentally distinct changes in structure, function, and behavior. METHODS We synthesize findings across literature in this area to comprehensively review current understanding of the unique effects of nicotine exposure on the hippocampus throughout the lifespan with a focus on hippocampal morphology, cholinergic functioning, and hippocampusdependent learning and memory. CONCLUSIONS Chronic and acute nicotine exposure differentially affect hippocampus structure, functioning, and related learning and memory in the perinatal period, adolescence, and aging. Age-related differences in sensitivity to nicotine exposure should be considered in the research of nicotine addiction and the development of nicotine addiction treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Zeid
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Munir Gunes Kutlu
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Thomas J. Gould
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA
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12
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Prenatal melamine exposure induces impairments of spatial cognition and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in female adolescent rats. Neurotoxicology 2017; 62:56-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Lee SH, Weerasinghe WMSP, van der Werf JHJ. Genotype-environment interaction on human cognitive function conditioned on the status of breastfeeding and maternal smoking around birth. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6087. [PMID: 28729621 PMCID: PMC5519601 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06214-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We estimated genotype by environment interaction (G × E) on later cognitive performance and educational attainment across four unique environments, i.e. 1) breastfed without maternal smoking, 2) breastfed with maternal smoking, 3) non-breastfed without maternal smoking and 4) non-breastfed with maternal smoking, using a novel design and statistical approach that was facilitated by the availability of datasets with the genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). There was significant G × E for both fluid intelligence (p-value = 1.0E-03) and educational attainment (p-value = 8.3E-05) when comparing genetic effects in the group of individuals who were breastfed without maternal smoking with those not breastfed without maternal smoking. There was also significant G × E for fluid intelligence (p-value = 3.9E-05) when comparing the group of individuals who were breastfed with maternal smoking with those not breastfed without maternal smoking. Genome-wide significant SNPs were different between different environmental groups. Genomic prediction accuracies were significantly higher when using the target and discovery sample from the same environmental group than when using those from the different environmental groups. This finding demonstrates G × E has important implications for future studies on the genetic architecture, genome-wide association studies and genomic predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hong Lee
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia.
| | - W M Shalanee P Weerasinghe
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia
| | - Julius H J van der Werf
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia
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14
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Kalejaiye OO, Gondré-Lewis MC. Enhanced susceptibility of CA3 hippocampus to prenatal nicotine exposure. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2017; 8:155-160. [PMID: 28029335 PMCID: PMC5623085 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174416000775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The brain is highly susceptible to adverse effects of drugs of abuse during early phases of life. Prenatal nicotine exposure (PNE), a preventable cause of gestational and infant mortality, can alter neuron wiring and induce sustained deficits in attention and learning. Here, a rat model of PNE (embryonic days 7-21) was used to examine the maturing hippocampus, which encodes new memories and processes emotional memory. Components of synaptic signaling were evaluated at postnatal day 14 (P14), a period of prolific synaptogenesis in rats, to determine if glutamatergic transmission-associated molecules are regulated in subregions of hippocampus as early as P14. PNE resulted in reduced expression of GluN2B, GluA2 and CaMKIIα, but elevated SNAP25 proteins specifically in the CA3 but not CA1. Only CaMKIIα was regulated in dentate gyrus at this age. These results suggest that glutamatergic and synaptic dysregulation of learning and memory may occur in hippocampus in a temporally and subregionally specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. O. Kalejaiye
- Laboratory for Neurodevelopment, Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - M. C. Gondré-Lewis
- Laboratory for Neurodevelopment, Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
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15
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Calcium homeostasis and protein kinase/phosphatase balance participate in nicotine-induced memory improvement in passive avoidance task in mice. Behav Brain Res 2017; 317:27-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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16
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Exposure to low doses of 137cesium and nicotine during postnatal development modifies anxiety levels, learning, and spatial memory performance in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 97:82-88. [PMID: 27590783 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is a major cause of long-term complications observed in survivors of pediatric brain tumors. However, the effects of low-doses of ionizing radiation (IR) to the brain are less studied. On the other hand, tobacco is one of the most heavily abused drugs in the world. Tobacco is not only a health concern for adults. It has also shown to exert deleterious effects on fetuses, newborns, children and adolescents. Exposure to nicotine (Nic) from smoking may potentiate the toxic effects induced by IR on brain development. In this study, we evaluated in mice the cognitive effects of concomitant exposure to low doses of internal radiation (137Cs) and Nic during neonatal brain development. On postnatal day 10 (PND10), two groups of C57BL/6J mice were subcutaneously exposed to 137-Cesium (137Cs) (4000 and 8000 Bq/kg) and/or Nic (100 μg/ml). At the age of two months, neurobehavior of mice was assessed. Results showed that exposure to IR-alone or in combination with Nic-increased the anxiety-like of the animals without changing the activity levels. Moreover, exposure to IR impaired learning and spatial memory. However, Nic administration was able to reverse this effect, but only at the low dose of 137Cs.
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17
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Genetic Relationship between Schizophrenia and Nicotine Dependence. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25671. [PMID: 27164557 PMCID: PMC4862382 DOI: 10.1038/srep25671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that most schizophrenia patients smoke cigarettes. There are different hypotheses postulating the underlying mechanisms of this comorbidity. We used summary statistics from large meta-analyses of plasma cotinine concentration (COT), Fagerström test for nicotine dependence (FTND) and schizophrenia to examine the genetic relationship between these traits. We found that schizophrenia risk scores calculated at P-value thresholds of 5 × 10−3 and larger predicted FTND and cigarettes smoked per day (CPD), suggesting that genes most significantly associated with schizophrenia were not associated with FTND/CPD, consistent with the self-medication hypothesis. The COT risk scores predicted schizophrenia diagnosis at P-values of 5 × 10−3 and smaller, implying that genes most significantly associated with COT were associated with schizophrenia. These results implicated that schizophrenia and FTND/CPD/COT shared some genetic liability. Based on this shared liability, we identified multiple long non-coding RNAs and RNA binding protein genes (DA376252, BX089737, LOC101927273, LINC01029, LOC101928622, HY157071, DA902558, RBFOX1 and TINCR), protein modification genes (MANBA, UBE2D3, and RANGAP1) and energy production genes (XYLB, MTRF1 and ENOX1) that were associated with both conditions. Further analyses revealed that these shared genes were enriched in calcium signaling, long-term potentiation and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathways that played a critical role in cognitive functions and neuronal plasticity.
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18
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Rapamycin Effectively Impedes Melamine-Induced Impairments of Cognition and Synaptic Plasticity in Wistar Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:819-832. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9687-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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19
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An L, Zhang T. Comparison Impairments of Spatial Cognition and Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity Between Prenatal and Postnatal Melamine Exposure in Male Adult Rats. Neurotox Res 2015; 29:218-29. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-015-9578-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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20
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Gao J, Zhang X, Yu M, Ren G, Yang Z. Cognitive deficits induced by multi-walled carbon nanotubes via the autophagic pathway. Toxicology 2015; 337:21-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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21
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An L, Zhang T. Prenatal ethanol exposure impairs spatial cognition and synaptic plasticity in female rats. Alcohol 2015; 49:581-8. [PMID: 26251263 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Chronic prenatal ethanol exposure (CPEE) can impair long-term potentiation (LTP) in the male hippocampus. Sexually specific alterations were frequently reported in female animals that had been prenatally exposed to ethanol. This study aimed to examine the effects of CPEE on spatial learning and memory, as well as on hippocampal synaptic plasticity in female adolescent rats. Female offspring were selected from dams that had been exposed to 4 g/kg/day of ethanol throughout the gestational period. Subsequently, performance in the Morris water maze (MWM) was determined, while LTP and depotentiation were measured in the hippocampal CA3-CA1 pathway. In the behavioral test, the escape latencies in both initial and reversal training stages were significantly prolonged. Interestingly, LTP was considerably enhanced while depotentiation was significantly depressed. Our results suggest a critical role of synaptic plasticity balance, which may prominently contribute to the cognitive deficits present in CPEE offspring.
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22
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Hullinger R, Burger C. Learning impairments identified early in life are predictive of future impairments associated with aging. Behav Brain Res 2015; 294:224-33. [PMID: 26283528 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Morris water maze (MWM) behavioral paradigm is commonly used to measure spatial learning and memory in rodents. It is widely accepted that performance in the MWM declines with age. However, young rats ubiquitously perform very well on established versions of the water maze, suggesting that more challenging tasks may be required to reveal subtle differences in young animals. Therefore, we have used a one-day water maze and novel object recognition to test whether more sensitive paradigms of memory in young animals could identify subtle cognitive impairments early in life that might become accentuated later with senescence. We have found that these two tasks reliably separate young rats into inferior and superior learners, are highly correlated, and that performance on these tasks early in life is predictive of performance at 12 months of age. Furthermore, we have found that repeated training in this task selectively improves the performance of inferior learners, suggesting that behavioral training from an early age may provide a buffer against age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikki Hullinger
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
| | - Corinna Burger
- Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Medical Sciences Center, 1300 University Ave, Room 73 Bardeen, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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23
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An L, Fu J, Zhang T. Reversible effects of vitamins C and E combination on cognitive deficits and oxidative stress in the hippocampus of melamine-exposed rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2015; 132:152-159. [PMID: 25802127 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies showed that the spatial cognitive deficits of rats were induced by chronic melamine exposure, which was associated with the hippocampal oxidative damage. Currently, we examined the antioxidative effect of vitamins C and E combination on cognitive function in melamine-treated rats. Melamine was oral administrated to male adolescent Wistar at a dosage of 300mg/kg/day for 28days. After that, animals received vitamins C and E at a dose of 150 and 200mg/kg, respectively, intraperitoneally for the next 7days. Cognitive behaviors were investigated using the Morris water maze test. The biochemical indexes were detected in the hippocampal homogenate. The treatment with vitamin complex significantly ameliorated cognitive deficits induced by melamine. ROS, MDA, and NO contents were almost back to normal, while SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, and NOS activities were improved as well. The neural apoptosis in the hippocampus were ameliorated by regulating the expression of anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2) and caspase-3. Additionally, histological observation showed that vitamin complex effectively alleviated the injuries of hippocampal neurons. These results suggest that the potential therapeutic for oxidative damage induced neuronal apoptosis after treatment of vitamins C and E combination, which is most likely related to the antioxidative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei An
- College of Life Sciences and Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China; Max-Planck Institute for Neurological Research, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Jingxuan Fu
- College of Life Sciences and Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China.
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Goodwin AK, Lantz-McPeak SM, Robinson BL, Law CD, Ali SF, Ferguson SA. Effects of adolescent treatment with nicotine, harmane, or norharmane in male Sprague–Dawley rats. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2015; 47:25-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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25
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Prenatal melamine exposure induces impairments of spatial cognition and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in male adolescent rats. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 49:78-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.07.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 07/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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26
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An L, Zhang T. Vitamins C and E reverse melamine-induced deficits in spatial cognition and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in rats. Neurotoxicology 2014; 44:132-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2014.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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