1
|
Mei J, Li Y, Niu L, Liang R, Tang M, Cai Q, Xu J, Zhang D, Yin X, Liu X, Shen Y, Liu J, Xu M, Xia P, Ling J, Wu Y, Liang J, Zhang J, Yu P. SGLT2 inhibitors: a novel therapy for cognitive impairment via multifaceted effects on the nervous system. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:41. [PMID: 39123214 PMCID: PMC11312905 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00431-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus has casted a spotlight on one of its significant sequelae: cognitive impairment. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, originally developed for diabetes management, are increasingly studied for their cognitive benefits. These benefits may include reduction of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, decrease of amyloid burdens, enhancement of neuronal plasticity, and improved cerebral glucose utilization. The multifaceted effects and the relatively favorable side-effect profile of SGLT2 inhibitors render them a promising therapeutic candidate for cognitive disorders. Nonetheless, the application of SGLT2 inhibitors for cognitive impairment is not without its limitations, necessitating more comprehensive research to fully determine their therapeutic potential for cognitive treatment. In this review, we discuss the role of SGLT2 in neural function, elucidate the diabetes-cognition nexus, and synthesize current knowledge on the cognitive effects of SGLT2 inhibitors based on animal studies and clinical evidence. Research gaps are proposed to spur further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Mei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Huan Kui College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Huan Kui College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Liyan Niu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Huan Kui College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ruikai Liang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mingyue Tang
- Queen Mary College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qi Cai
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jingdong Xu
- Queen Mary College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Deju Zhang
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoping Yin
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yunfeng Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Minxuan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Panpan Xia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jitao Ling
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuting Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianqi Liang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Niknejad A, Hosseini Y, Shamsnia HS, Kashani AS, Rostamian F, Momtaz S, Abdolghaffari AH. Sodium Glucose Transporter-2 Inhibitors (SGLT2Is)-TLRs Axis Modulates Diabetes. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023; 81:599-613. [PMID: 37658280 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes affects millions of people worldwide and is mainly associated with impaired insulin function. To date, various oral anti-diabetic drugs have been developed, of which, the sodium glucose transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2Is) are of the most recent classes that have been introduced. They differ from other classes in terms of their novel mechanism of actions and unique beneficial effects rather than just lowering glucose levels. SGLT2Is can protect body against cardiovascular events and kidney diseases even in non-diabetic individuals. SGLT2Is participate in immune cell activation, oxidative stress reduction, and inflammation mediation, thereby, moderating diabetic complications. In addition, toll like receptors (TLRs) are the intermediators of the immune system and inflammatory process, thus it's believed to play crucial roles in diabetic complications, particularly the ones that are related to inflammatory reactions. SGLT2Is are also effective against diabetic complications via their anti-inflammatory and oxidative properties. Given the anti-inflammatory properties of TLRs and SGLT2Is, this review investigates how SGLT2Is can affect the TLR pathway, and whether this could be favorable toward diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Niknejad
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasamin Hosseini
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedieh Sadat Shamsnia
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ayeh Sabbagh Kashani
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rostamian
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran.
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, and Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
- GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chang WT, Wu CC, Liao IC, Lin YW, Chen YC, Ho CH, Lee WC, Lin YC, Chen ZC, Shih JY, Wu NC, Kan WC. Dapagliflozin protects against doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity associated with nitric oxide pathway-A translational study. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:103-111. [PMID: 37549754 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox) is a potent anticancer agent, but its associated organ toxicity, including nephrotoxicity, restricts clinical applications. Dapagliflozin (DAPA), a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor, has been shown to slow the progression of kidney disease in patients with and without diabetes. However, the effect of DAPA to counteract Dox-induced nephrotoxicity remains uncertain. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to elucidate the effects of DAPA in mitigating Dox-induced nephrotoxicity. We analyzed the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database to evaluate the incidence of renal failure among breast cancer patients receiving Dox treatment compared to those without. After adjusting for age and comorbidities, we found that the risk of renal failure was significantly higher in Dox-treated patients (incidence rate ratio, 2.45; confidence interval, 1.41-4.26; p = 0.0014). In a parallel study, we orally administered DAPA to Sprague-Dawley rats for 6 weeks, followed by Dox for 4 weeks. DAPA ameliorated Dox-induced glomerular atrophy, renal fibrosis, and dysfunction. Furthermore, DAPA effectively suppressed Dox-induced apoptosis and reactive oxygen species production. On a cellular level, DAPA in HK-2 cells mitigated Dox-mediated suppression of the endothelial NOS pathway and reduced Dox-induced activities of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis-associated proteins. DAPA improved Dox-induced apoptosis and renal dysfunction, suggesting its potential utility in preventing nephrotoxicity in patients with cancer undergoing Dox treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Chang
- School of Medicine and Doctoral Program of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medicine and Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chun Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - I-Chuang Liao
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Chen
- Department of Hospital and Health Care Administration, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Han Ho
- Department of Hospital and Health Care Administration, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chieh Lee
- School of Medicine and Doctoral Program of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medicine and Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - You-Cheng Lin
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Zhih-Cherng Chen
- School of Medicine and Doctoral Program of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medicine and Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Yuan Shih
- School of Medicine and Doctoral Program of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medicine and Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Chun Wu
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Hospital and Health Care Administration, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Chih Kan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alanazi WA, Alharbi T, El-Nagar DM, Albogami AM, Alswayyed M. Dapagliflozin Mitigates Hypotension in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Inflammation Independent of Glycemia Level. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1683. [PMID: 37376131 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have been suggested to have anti-inflammatory properties in diabetes. The goal of this study was to evaluate the role of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin (DAPA) in the attenuation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hypotension. Male Wistar albino rats were divided into normal and diabetic groups and received DAPA (1 mg/kg/day) for two weeks followed by a single dose of 10 mg/kg LPS. Blood pressure was recorded throughout the study and the circulatory levels of cytokines were assessed using a multiplex array, while the aortas were harvested for analysis. DAPA attenuated the vasodilation and hypotension caused by LPS. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was preserved in the normal and diabetic DAPA-treated septic groups (MAP = 83.17 ± 5.27, 98.43 ± 5.57 mmHg) compared to the vehicle-treated septic groups (MAP = 65.60 ± 3.31, 68.21 ± 5.88 mmHg). Most of the cytokines induced by LPS were decreased in the DAPA-treated septic groups. In the aorta, the inducible nitric oxide synthase-derived nitric oxide had lower expression in the DAPA-treated rats. In contrast, the expression of α-smooth muscle actin, a marker of the vessel's contractile state, was higher in the DAPA-treated rats in comparison with non-treated septic rats. These findings revealed that the protective role of DAPA against LPS-induced hypotension is likely to be glucose-lowering independent, as was observed in the non-diabetic septic group. Taken together, the results show that DAPA has a potential effect in the prevention of the hemodynamic disturbances of sepsis regardless of glycemia levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wael A Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Doaa M El-Nagar
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Albogami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alswayyed
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu Y, Shi X, Tian Y, Zhai S, Liu Y, Xiong Z, Chu S. An insight into novel therapeutic potentials of taxifolin. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1173855. [PMID: 37261284 PMCID: PMC10227600 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1173855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Taxifolin is a flavonoid compound, originally isolated from the bark of Douglas fir trees, which is often found in foods such as onions and olive oil, and is also used in commercial preparations, and has attracted the interest of nutritionists and medicinal chemists due to its broad range of health-promoting effects. It is a powerful antioxidant with excellent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and other pharmacological activities. This review focuses on the breakthroughs in taxifolin for the treatment of diseases from 2019 to 2022 according to various systems of the human body, such as the nervous system, immune system, and digestive system, and on the basis of this review, we summarize the problems of current research and try to suggest solutions and future research directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaolu Shi
- Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shaobo Zhai
- Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuyan Liu
- Department of Endodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhengrong Xiong
- Polymer Composites Engineering Laboratory, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Changchun, China
| | - Shunli Chu
- Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xiong S, Mo D, Wu Y, Wu P, Hu Y, Gong F. The effect of dapagliflozin on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in diabetic rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 101:80-89. [PMID: 36621925 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2022-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of ischemic heart disease is 2-3 times higher in diabetic patients. However, the effect of dapagliflozin on ischemia-reperfusion myocardial injury in diabetic rats has not been studied. We examined the effects of dapagliflozin on myocardial IR injury in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats. Rats were divided into four groups (n = 7 in each group): control, control-dapagliflozin, diabetes, and diabetes-dapagliflozin. Dapagliflozin (1.5 mg/kg/day) was administered concomitantly in drinking water for 2 months. The hearts were perfused in a Langendorff's apparatus at 2 months and assessed before (baseline) and after myocardial IR for the following parameters: left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), minimum and maximum rates of pressure change in the left ventricle (±dP/dt), endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) mRNA expressions, creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) and troponin imyocardial enzyme extravasation, and lactate dehydrogenase. The recovery of LVDP and ±dP/dt in diabetic rats was lower than that in controls but near normal after dapagliflozin treatment. Diabetic rats had decreased eNOS expression and increased iNOS expression at baseline and after IR, whereas dapagliflozin normalized these parameters after IR. Compared with controls, cardiac NOx levels were initially lower in diabetic patients but higher after IR. Baseline MDA levels were higher in diabetic rats after IR, whereas cardiac NOx levels decreased after treatment with dapagliflozin. Dapagliflozin protects the diabetic rat heart from ischemia-reperfusion myocardial injury by regulating the expression of eNOS and iNOS and inhibiting cardiac lipid peroxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilong Xiong
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511447, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghua Mo
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511447, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjun Wu
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511447, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511447, People's Republic of China
| | - YuanMing Hu
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511447, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Gong
- ECG Lab, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Panyu, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511447, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang R, Yang X, Zhang F. New Perspectives of Taxifolin in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:2097-2109. [PMID: 36740800 PMCID: PMC10556370 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230203101107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), and Huntington's disease (HD) are characterized by cognitive and motor dysfunctions and neurodegeneration. These diseases have become more severe over time and cannot be cured currently. Until now, most treatments for these diseases are only used to relieve the symptoms. Taxifolin (TAX), 3,5,7,3,4-pentahydroxy flavanone, also named dihydroquercetin, is a compound derived primarily from Douglas fir and Larix gemelini. TAX has been confirmed to exhibit various pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, anti-virus, and regulation of oxidative stress effects. In the central nervous system, TAX has been demonstrated to inhibit Aβ fibril formation, protect neurons and improve cerebral blood flow, cognitive ability, and dyskinesia. At present, TAX is only applied as a health additive in clinical practice. This review aimed to summarize the application of TAX in neurodegenerative diseases and the underlying neuroprotective mechanisms, such as suppressing inflammation, attenuating oxidative stress, preventing Aβ protein formation, maintaining dopamine levels, and thus reducing neuronal loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and Laboratory Animal Center, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xinxing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and Laboratory Animal Center, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and Laboratory Animal Center, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 stress signaling and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 in kidney disease. Mol Cell Biochem 2022:10.1007/s11010-022-04652-5. [PMID: 36586092 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04652-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Kidney disease is the 6th fastest-growing cause of death and a serious global health concern that urges effective therapeutic options. The inflammatory response is an initial reaction from immune and parenchymal cells in kidney diseases. Toll-like receptors (TLR) 2 and 4 are highly expressed by various kidney cells and respond to 'signaling danger' proteins, such as high mobility group box binding protein 1 (HMGB1) and prompt the progression of kidney disease by releasing inflammatory mediators. Burgeoning reports suggest that both SGLT2 and ER stress elevates TLR2/4 signaling via different axis. Moreover, SGLT2 signaling aggravates inflammation under the disease condition by promoting the NLR family pyrin domain-containing three inflammasomes and ER stress. Intriguingly, TLR2/4 downstream adaptors activate ER stress regulators. The above-discussed interactions imply that TLR2/4 does more than immune response during kidney disease. Here, we discuss in detail evidence of the roles and regulation of TLR2/4 in the context of a relationship between ER stress and SGLT2. Also, we highlighted different preclinical studies of SGLT2 inhibitors against TLR2/4 signaling in various kidney diseases. Moreover, we discuss the observational and interventional evidence about the relation between TLR2/4, ER stress, and SGLT2, which may represent the TLR2/4 as a potential therapeutic target for kidney disease.
Collapse
|
9
|
Renoprotective and Oxidative Stress-Modulating Effects of Taxifolin against Cadmium-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Mice. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12081150. [PMID: 36013329 PMCID: PMC9409698 DOI: 10.3390/life12081150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an inessential trace metal that accumulates in the kidney and may lead to renal toxicity by mediating oxidative stress (OS), inflammatory reactions, and apoptosis. The main objective of this experiment was to inspect the protecting potential of taxifolin (TA) on Cd-induced renal toxicity. Adult male mice were allocated into equal five groups as follows: control, TA-treated (50 mg/kg, oral), CdCl2-treated (4 mg/kg body weight (BW), p.o.), pretreated with TA (25 mg/kg) 1 h before CdCl2 injection (4 mg/kg BW, p.o.), and pretreated with TA (50 mg/kg) 1 h before CdCl2 injection (4 mg/kg BW, p.o.) for 14 days. Cd-intoxicated mice revealed higher serum urea and creatinine levels and notable histopathological alterations in the renal tissues. Malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-1β were increased. In contrast, glutathione levels, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities, and IL-10 levels were decreased under Cd-administered effects. Conversely, the TA pre-treatment highly protected tissues from Cd-toxicity, improved renal function, decreased MDA and NO levels, attenuated inflammation, and improved redox status in the renal tissues of Cd-intoxicated mice. The TA pre-treatment of Cd-intoxicated mice showed down-regulation of both Bax and caspase-3 protein and up-regulation of Bcl-2 protein expression in the kidney. Furthermore, TA pre-treatment induced higher upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) expression in kidney cells of Cd-intoxicated mice. Therefore, TA can protect renal tissues against Cd-induced nephrotoxicity via improving redox status, modulating inflammation, diminishing cell apoptosis, and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
Collapse
|