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Álvarez K, Palacio J, Agudelo NA, Anacona CA, Castaño D, Vásquez G, Rojas M. B cell-targeted polylactic acid nanoparticles as platform for encapsulating jakinibs: potential therapeutic strategy for systemic lupus erythematosus. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023; 18:2001-2019. [PMID: 38084660 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: B cells are pivotal in systemic lupus erythematosus and autoimmune disease pathogenesis. Materials & methods: To address this, Nile Red-labeled polylactic acid nanoparticles (NR-PLA NPs) loaded with the JAK inhibitor baricitinib (BARI), specifically targeting JAK1 and JAK2 in B cells, were developed. Results: Physicochemical characterization confirmed NP stability over 30 days. NR-PLA NPs were selectively bound and internalized by CD19+ B cells, sparing other leukocytes. In contrast to NR-PLA NPs, BARI-NR-PLA NPs significantly dampened B-cell activation, proliferation and plasma cell differentiation in healthy controls. They also inhibited key cytokine production. These effects often surpassed those of equimolar-free BARI. Conclusion: This study underscores the potential of PLA NPs to regulate autoreactive B cells, offering a novel therapeutic avenue for autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Álvarez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21 & Calle 62 No. 52-59, Torre 1, Lab. 510; Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juliana Palacio
- Grupo De Investigación Ciencia de Los Materiales, Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21 & Calle 62 No. 52-59, Torre 1, Lab. 310; Medellín, Colombia
- Escuela de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Carrera 65A No. 59A-110, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Natalia A Agudelo
- Grupo de Investigación e Innovación en Formulaciones Químicas, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias Básicas, Universidad EIA, Envigado, Colombia
| | - Cristian A Anacona
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21 & Calle 62 No. 52-59, Torre 1, Lab. 510; Medellín, Colombia
| | - Diana Castaño
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21 & Calle 62 No. 52-59, Torre 1, Lab. 510; Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gloria Vásquez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21 & Calle 62 No. 52-59, Torre 1, Lab. 510; Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21 & Calle 62 No. 52-59, Torre 1, Lab. 510; Medellín, Colombia
- Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 62 No. 52-59, Medellín, 050010, Colombia
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2
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Tang YY, Fu L, Liu XY, Huang AF, Xu WD. Association of STAT3 gene polymorphisms with systemic lupus erythematosus in a Chinese Han population. Lupus 2023; 32:1276-1286. [PMID: 37682580 DOI: 10.1177/09612033231202096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence supports the important role of STAT3 in SLE; however, association between STAT3 gene polymorphisms and SLE risk needs discussion. METHODS Three hundred SLE patients and 380 healthy controls from Chinese Han population were included. DNA is extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the clinical characteristics of patients are collected. STAT3 gene polymorphisms (rs6503695, rs744166, rs9912773, and rs12601982) were genotyped by the Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) method. SPSS 26.0 was utilized to analyze the genetic susceptibility of SLE and STAT3 gene polymorphisms. RESULTS Frequencies of genotypes CT, TT, and TT+CT were significantly lower in SLE patients compared with those in healthy controls with respect to rs6503695 (p = .007, p < .001, p = .001). Frequencies of rs744166 genotypes AG, AA, and AA+AG were decreased in SLE patients as compared to those in healthy controls (p = .034, p = .006, p = .009). The recessive models (CC vs GG+GC) for rs9912773 and (AA vs GG+GA) for rs12601982 were significantly related to SLE patients (p = .014, p = .035). Moreover, allele C of rs6503695 was related to optic nerve damage in SLE patients (p = .036). rs744166 allele G was correlated with positive rash and albuminuria in SLE patients (p = .006, p = .014). For rs9912773, SLE patients carrying genotype GG had higher serum C3 and C4 levels compared to genotype GC+CC (p = .029, p = .028). The rs12601982 allele G was strongly associated with positive hypocomplementemia in SLE patients (p = .034). SLE patients carrying genotypes GG, GC, and CC had different SLEDAI score for rs12601982 (GG vs GC vs CC, p = .003). CONCLUSION STAT3 gene polymorphisms associated with SLE susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Yang Tang
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lu Fu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Liu
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - An-Fang Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wang-Dong Xu
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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3
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Wang H, Li C, Ren G, Yang C, Sun J, Zhao L, Sun W, Ju J, Xu D. Updated insight into the role of Th2-associated immunity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmun Rev 2023; 22:103213. [PMID: 36252932 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with multiple organs involvement, abundant autoantibodies, complement activation, and immune complexes depositions. By regulating inflammation and immune homeostasis, cytokines have been well documented to participate in the pathogenesis of SLE. A number of studies have shown that T helper 2 (Th2)-associated immunity plays an important role in autoimmune diseases, including SLE. Key molecules underlying Th2-related immunity are expected to serve as promising targets for the diagnosis and targeted treatment of SLE. Current progress in SLE pathogenesis and biological treatment strategies has been reviewed, focusing on the latest development in Th2-associated immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Chaoran Li
- Department of Rheumatology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Guifang Ren
- Hospital Office of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Chunjuan Yang
- Department of Rheumatology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Jiamei Sun
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Wenchang Sun
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Jiyu Ju
- Department of Immunology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
| | - Donghua Xu
- Central Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China; Department of Rheumatology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261000, China.
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4
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Yen CY, Yu SJ, Chen YM, Lai KL, Wu YD, Liao EC, Hsieh CL. Mechanisms of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Inhibitor-Induced Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:870724. [PMID: 35733860 PMCID: PMC9208548 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.870724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus induced by biologics mainly results from tumor necrosis factor-alpha remains unclear. The objectives of the study were to investigate the mechanisms of tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor-induced systemic lupus erythematosus. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from thirteen psoriasis patients were cultured and treated with the following: untreated control, Streptococcus pyogenes with or without different biologics. The supernatants were collected for cytokines assay. Analysis of cytokine expression revealed that IL-2 and IL-10 levels decreased only in the TNF-α inhibitor-treated groups but not in the groups treated with biologics involving IL-17, IL-12/IL-23 or IL-23 inhibitor mechanisms (p < 0.001, p < 0.05). The IFN-γ/IL-13 ratio increased significantly in patients with SLE inducing biologics to S. pyogenes induction only compared with non-SLE inducing biologics to S. pyogenes induction only (p = 0.001). IL-2 and IL-10 depletion and a shift to the Th-1 pathway in the innate response are the correlated mechanism for tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor-induced systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Yang Yen
- Department of Dermatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Jie Yu
- Department of Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ming Chen
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Lung Lai
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Da Wu
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - En-Chih Liao
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Liang Hsieh
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Ching-Liang Hsieh
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5
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Melamud MM, Ermakov EA, Boiko AS, Parshukova DA, Sizikov AE, Ivanova SA, Nevinsky GA, Buneva VN. Serum cytokine levels of systemic lupus erythematosus patients in the presence of concomitant cardiovascular diseases. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2022; 22:852-861. [PMID: 35249511 DOI: 10.2174/1871530322666220304214512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is known to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). SLE patients suffer from CVD 3.5 times more often than healthy people. Cytokine-mediated inflammation is actively involved in the development of cardiovascular pathology. OBJECTIVE Here, we analyzed serum levels of nine cytokines of steroids treated SLE patients depending on the presence of concomitant CVD. METHODS The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-21, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), B-cell activating factor (BAFF), and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) were analyzed using multiplex immunoassay. RESULTS In the total group of SLE patients (n=29), the concentrations of IL-6 and IL-10 were higher, and the APRIL level decreased compared with healthy donors (n=39, p<0.05). The same changes were observed in the group of patients without CVD (n=15): the levels of IL-6 and IL-10 increased, and the level of APRIL was lower than in healthy individuals (p<0.05). In the group of SLE patients with CVD (n=14), the concentrations of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and TNFα increased (p<0.05). Interestingly, the levels of TNFα and BAFF in SLE patients with CVD were higher than in patients without cardiovascular pathology. Thus, TNFα and BAFF levels were significantly altered in SLE with concomitant CVD compared to SLE without CVD. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that cytokine profiles in SLE with concomitant CVD and SLE without CVD are different, which should be considered in further research with large samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark M Melamud
- Laboratory of Repair Enzymes, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgeny A Ermakov
- Laboratory of Repair Enzymes, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anastasiia S Boiko
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Daria A Parshukova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexey E Sizikov
- Department of Rheumatology, Institute of Clinical Immunology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana A Ivanova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Georgy A Nevinsky
- Laboratory of Repair Enzymes, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valentina N Buneva
- Laboratory of Repair Enzymes, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Huang S, Dong D, Zhang Y, Chen Z, Geng J, Zhao Y. Long non-coding RNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 promotes activation of T helper 2 cells via inhibiting STAT6 ubiquitination. Hum Cell 2021; 34:800-807. [PMID: 33550532 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-021-00496-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
T helper (Th) 2 cell-medicated immune response participates in various immune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Long non-coding RNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) has been reported to be associated with T helper 2 (Th2) cell activation. Here, we demonstrated the molecular mechanism of NEAT1 in regulating Th2 cell activation. We found that NEAT1 was located in nucleus. NEAT1 overexpression promoted the levels of Th2-related cytokines IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 in CD4+ T cells. Moreover, NEAT1 up-regulation reduced Th1-related cytokine INF-γ production and enhanced the levels of Th17-related cytokines IL-17 in CD4+ T cells. STAT6 deficiency reduced the levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and IL-17 enhanced the levels of INF-γ in CD4+ T cells, which was rescued by NEAT1 overexpression. Moreover, NEAT1 promoted STAT6 protein expression, whereas NEAT1 had no effect on the expression of STAT6 mRNA. Furthermore, NEAT1 interacted with STAT6, inhibited the ubiquitination of STAT6 in CD4+ T cells. In conclusion, our work has confirmed that NEAT1 promotes STAT6 expression by inhibiting STAT6 ubiquitination, thereby promoting Th2 cell activation. Thus, our work may highlight novel insights into the molecular mechanism of NEAT1 in regulating Th2 cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuman Huang
- The Rhinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.,Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Dong Dong
- The Rhinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yaqian Zhang
- The Rhinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- The Rhinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jing Geng
- The Rhinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.,Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yulin Zhao
- The Rhinology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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7
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Muhammad Yusoff F, Wong KK, Mohd Redzwan N. Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines in systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmunity 2019; 53:8-20. [PMID: 31771364 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2019.1693545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the breakdown of immune tolerance leading to excessive inflammation and tissue damage. Imbalance in the levels of cytokines represents one of the multifactorial causes of SLE pathogenesis and it contributes to disease severity. Deregulated levels of T helper type 1 (Th1), type 2 (Th2), and type 17 (Th17) cytokines have been associated with autoimmune inflammation. Growing evidence has shown deregulated levels of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines in SLE patients compared to healthy controls associated with disease activity and severity. In this review, we describe and discuss the levels of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines in SLE patients, and clinical trials involving Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines in SLE patients. In particular, with the exception of IL-2, IL-4, and TGF-β1, the levels of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines are increased in SLE patients associated with disease severity. Current phase II or III studies involve therapeutic antibodies targeting IFN-α and type I IFN receptor, while low-dose IL-2 therapy is assessed in phase II clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Muhammad Yusoff
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Kah Keng Wong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Norhanani Mohd Redzwan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
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8
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Carrasco Pro S, Dafonte Imedio A, Santoso CS, Gan KA, Sewell JA, Martinez M, Sereda R, Mehta S, Fuxman Bass JI. Global landscape of mouse and human cytokine transcriptional regulation. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:9321-9337. [PMID: 30184180 PMCID: PMC6182173 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are cell-to-cell signaling proteins that play a central role in immune development, pathogen responses, and diseases. Cytokines are highly regulated at the transcriptional level by combinations of transcription factors (TFs) that recruit cofactors and the transcriptional machinery. Here, we mined through three decades of studies to generate a comprehensive database, CytReg, reporting 843 and 647 interactions between TFs and cytokine genes, in human and mouse respectively. By integrating CytReg with other functional datasets, we determined general principles governing the transcriptional regulation of cytokine genes. In particular, we show a correlation between TF connectivity and immune phenotype and disease, we discuss the balance between tissue-specific and pathogen-activated TFs regulating each cytokine gene, and cooperativity and plasticity in cytokine regulation. We also illustrate the use of our database as a blueprint to predict TF-disease associations and identify potential TF-cytokine regulatory axes in autoimmune diseases. Finally, we discuss research biases in cytokine regulation studies, and use CytReg to predict novel interactions based on co-expression and motif analyses which we further validated experimentally. Overall, this resource provides a framework for the rational design of future cytokine gene regulation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Carrasco Pro
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | | | - Kok Ann Gan
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | | | - Rebecca Sereda
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Shivani Mehta
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Juan Ignacio Fuxman Bass
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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9
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Comprehensive assessment of the association between genes on JAK-STAT pathway (IFIH1, TYK2, IL-10) and systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis. Arch Dermatol Res 2018; 310:711-728. [DOI: 10.1007/s00403-018-1858-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Yang WC, Hwang YS, Chen YY, Liu CL, Shen CN, Hong WH, Lo SM, Shen CR. Interleukin-4 Supports the Suppressive Immune Responses Elicited by Regulatory T Cells. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1508. [PMID: 29184551 PMCID: PMC5694475 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) has been considered as one of the tolerogenic cytokines in many autoimmune animal models and clinical settings. Despite its role in antagonizing pathogenic Th1 responses, little is known about whether IL-4 possesses functions that affect regulatory T cells (Tregs). Tregs are specialized cells responsible for the maintenance of peripheral tolerance through their immune modulatory capabilities. Interestingly, it has been suggested that IL-4 supplement at a high concentration protects responder T cells (Tresps) from Treg-mediated immune suppression. In addition, such supplement also impedes TGF-β-induced Treg differentiation in vitro. However, these phenomena may contradict the tolerogenic role of IL-4, and the effects of IL-4 on Tregs are therefore needed to be further elucidated. In this study, we utilized IL-4 knockout (KO) mice to validate the role of IL-4 on Treg-mediated immune suppression. Although IL-4 KO and control animals harbor similar frequencies of Tregs, Tregs from IL-4 KO mice weakly suppressed autologous Tresp activation. In addition, IL-4 deprivation impaired the ability of Tregs to modulate immune response, whereas IL-4 supplementation reinforced IL-4 KO Tregs in their function in suppressing Tresps. Finally, the presence of IL-4 was associated with increased cell survival and granzyme expression of Tregs. These results suggest the essential role of IL-4 in supporting Treg-mediated immune suppression, which may benefit the development of therapeutic strategies for autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Cheng Yang
- Department and Graduate Institute of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Shiou Hwang
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Lin-Kou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Yu Chen
- Department and Graduate Institute of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Lin Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,College of Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ning Shen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsin Hong
- Department and Graduate Institute of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Min Lo
- Department and Graduate Institute of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Rui Shen
- Department and Graduate Institute of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Lin-Kou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
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11
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Yu Y, Chen Y, Wang FL, Sun J, Li HJ, Liu JM. Cytokines Interleukin 4 (IL-4) and Interleukin 10 (IL-10) Gene Polymorphisms as Potential Host Susceptibility Factors in Virus-Induced Encephalitis. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:4541-4548. [PMID: 28935853 PMCID: PMC5683680 DOI: 10.12659/msm.904364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to analyze and explore the relationship between the cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 in relation to gene polymorphism and their respective effects on the susceptibility to virus-induced encephalitis. Material/Methods From January 2012 to June 2013, 112 patients with virus-induced encephalitis (the case group and 109 healthy individuals (the control group) were recruited for the purposes of this study. The functional variations that IL-4 and IL-10 genes exhibit were detected through the use of a function analysis and selection tool for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (FASTSNP). The genotypes of IL-4 were rs2227283 and IL-4 rs2227288, and the genotypes of IL-10 were rs1800871 and IL-10 rs1800872. These genotypes were respectively assessed using direct sequencing. Results IL-4 rs2227283 and IL-10 rs1800871 have no correlation in with risk of virus-induced encephalitis (both P>0.05) GA and AA genotypes were related to IL-4 rs2227288 and GT, while TT and GT + TT genotypes were related to IL-10 rs1800872. These were highlighted as being risk factors in virus-induced encephalitis (all P<0.05). However, the duration of fever, white blood cell (WBC) count, C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophils, and lymphocytes and monocytes of virus-induced encephalitis patients with IL-4 rs2227288 and IL-10 rs1800872 all displayed significant differences (all P<0.05). Frequencies of GAGT and CAGT haplotypes were evaluated and deemed to be of statistical significance and subsequently were highlighted as being risk factors in virus-induced encephalitis (all P<0.05). Conclusions IL-4 rs2227288 and IL-10 rs1800872 may contribute to an increased risk for virus-induced encephalitis. Through use of direct sequencing, we showed that genotypes of IL-4 rs2227288 and IL-10 rs1800872 may have particular host susceptibility to virus-induced encephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Feng-Ling Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Hai-Jun Li
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Jia-Ming Liu
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
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Rupasree Y, Naushad SM, Varshaa R, Mahalakshmi GS, Kumaraswami K, Rajasekhar L, Kutala VK. Application of Various Statistical Models to Explore Gene-Gene Interactions in Folate, Xenobiotic, Toll-Like Receptor and STAT4 Pathways that Modulate Susceptibility to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Mol Diagn Ther 2016; 20:83-95. [PMID: 26689915 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-015-0181-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In view of our previous studies showing an independent association of genetic polymorphisms in folate, xenobiotic, and toll-like receptor (TLR) pathways with the risk for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we have developed three statistical models to delineate complex gene-gene interactions between folate, xenobiotic, TLR, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) signaling pathways in association with the molecular pathophysiology of SLE. METHODS We developed additive, multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR), and artificial neural network (ANN) models. RESULTS The additive model, although the simplest, suggested a moderate predictability of 30 polymorphisms of these four pathways (area under the curve [AUC] 0.66). MDR analysis revealed significant gene-gene interactions among glutathione-S-transferase (GST)T1 and STAT4 (rs3821236 and rs7574865) polymorphisms, which account for moderate predictability of SLE. The MDR model for specific auto-antibodies revealed the importance of gene-gene interactions among cytochrome P450, family1, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 (CYP1A1) m1, catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) H108L, solute carrier family 19 (folate transporter), member 1 (SLC19A1) G80A, estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), TLR5, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase reductase (MTRR), thymidylate synthase (TYMS). and STAT4 polymorphisms. The ANN model for disease prediction showed reasonably good predictability of SLE risk with 30 polymorphisms (AUC 0.76). These polymorphisms contribute towards the production of SSB and anti-dsDNA antibodies to the extent of 48 and 40%, respectively, while their contribution for the production of antiRNP, SSA, and anti-cardiolipin antibodies varies between 20 and 30%. CONCLUSION The current study highlighted the importance of genetic polymorphisms in folate, xenobiotic, TLR, and STAT4 signaling pathways as moderate predictors of SLE risk and delineates the molecular pathophysiology associated with these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by demonstrating their association with specific auto-antibody production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yedluri Rupasree
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, 500082, India
| | - Shaik Mohammad Naushad
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613401, India
| | - Ravi Varshaa
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613401, India
| | | | - Konda Kumaraswami
- Department of Rheumatology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Panjagutta, Hyderabad, 500082, India
| | - Liza Rajasekhar
- Department of Rheumatology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Panjagutta, Hyderabad, 500082, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Kutala
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, 500082, India.
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May RD, Fung M. Strategies targeting the IL-4/IL-13 axes in disease. Cytokine 2016; 75:89-116. [PMID: 26255210 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
IL-4 and IL-13 are pleiotropic Th2 cytokines produced by a wide variety of different cell types and responsible for a broad range of biology and functions. Physiologically, Th2 cytokines are known to mediate host defense against parasites but they can also trigger disease if their activities are dysregulated. In this review we discuss the rationale for targeting the IL-4/IL-13 axes in asthma, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, COPD, cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune disease and fibrotic disease as well as evaluating the associated clinical data derived from blocking IL-4, IL-13 or IL-4 and IL-13 together.
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Goropevšek A, Holcar M, Avčin T. The Role of STAT Signaling Pathways in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2016; 52:164-181. [DOI: 10.1007/s12016-016-8550-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Garrett-Sinha LA, Kearly A, Satterthwaite AB. The Role of the Transcription Factor Ets1 in Lupus and Other Autoimmune Diseases. Crit Rev Immunol 2016; 36:485-510. [PMID: 28845756 DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2017020284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by excess B- and T-cell activation, the development of autoantibodies against self-antigens including nuclear antigens, and immune complex deposition in target organs, which triggers an inflammatory response and tissue damage. The genetic and environmental factors that contribute to the development of SLE have been studied extensively in both humans and mouse models of the disease. One of the important genetic contributions to SLE development is an alteration in the expression of the transcription factor Ets1, which regulates the functional differentiation of lymphocytes. Here, we review the genetic, biochemical, and immunological studies that have linked low levels of Ets1 to aberrant lymphocyte differentiation and to the pathogenesis of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Ann Garrett-Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203
| | - Alyssa Kearly
- Department of Biochemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203
| | - Anne B Satterthwaite
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatic Diseases Division; Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
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16
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Crampton SP, Morawski PA, Bolland S. Linking susceptibility genes and pathogenesis mechanisms using mouse models of systemic lupus erythematosus. Dis Model Mech 2015; 7:1033-46. [PMID: 25147296 PMCID: PMC4142724 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.016451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) represents a challenging autoimmune disease from a clinical perspective because of its varied forms of presentation. Although broad-spectrum steroids remain the standard treatment for SLE, they have many side effects and only provide temporary relief from the symptoms of the disease. Thus, gaining a deeper understanding of the genetic traits and biological pathways that confer susceptibility to SLE will help in the design of more targeted and effective therapeutics. Both human genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and investigations using a variety of mouse models of SLE have been valuable for the identification of the genes and pathways involved in pathogenesis. In this Review, we link human susceptibility genes for SLE with biological pathways characterized in mouse models of lupus, and discuss how the mechanistic insights gained could advance drug discovery for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve P Crampton
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergic and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Peter A Morawski
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergic and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Silvia Bolland
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergic and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
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Abstract
Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathways that signal via Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) mediate immunity to pathogens and also promote autoimmune pathology in DNaseII- and DNaseIII-deficient mice. In contrast, we report here that STING potently suppresses inflammation in a model of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Lymphoid hypertrophy, autoantibody production, serum cytokine levels, and other indicators of immune activation were markedly increased in STING-deficient autoimmune-prone mice compared with STING-sufficient littermates. As a result, STING-deficient autoimmune-prone mice had significantly shorter lifespans than controls. Importantly, Toll-like receptor (TLR)-dependent systemic inflammation during 2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane (TMPD)-mediated peritonitis was similarly aggravated in STING-deficient mice. Mechanistically, STING-deficient macrophages failed to express negative regulators of immune activation and thus were hyperresponsive to TLR ligands, producing abnormally high levels of proinflammatory cytokines. This hyperreactivity corresponds to dramatically elevated numbers of inflammatory macrophages and granulocytes in vivo. Collectively these findings reveal an unexpected negative regulatory role for STING, having important implications for STING-directed therapies.
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Hu J, Zhang Y, Liu X, Wei L, Zhang D. Relationship between certain T helper cytokines and ANA staining: Who is the helper? Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 24:208-210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Mahmoudi M, Tahghighi F, Ziaee V, Harsini S, Rezaei A, Soltani S, Sadr M, Moradinejad MH, Aghighi Y, Rezaei N. Interleukin-4 single nucleotide polymorphisms in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus. Int J Immunogenet 2014; 41:512-7. [DOI: 10.1111/iji.12152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Mahmoudi
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - F. Tahghighi
- Pediatric Rheumatology Research Group; Rheumatology Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Pediatrics Center of Excellence; Children's Medical Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - V. Ziaee
- Pediatric Rheumatology Research Group; Rheumatology Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Pediatrics Center of Excellence; Children's Medical Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - S. Harsini
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies; Children's Medical Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - A. Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies; Children's Medical Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - S. Soltani
- Molecular Immunology Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Department of Immunology; School of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - M. Sadr
- Molecular Immunology Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Department of Immunology; School of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - M. H. Moradinejad
- Pediatrics Center of Excellence; Children's Medical Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Y. Aghighi
- Department of Pediatrics; Imam Khomeini Hospital; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - N. Rezaei
- Pediatrics Center of Excellence; Children's Medical Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies; Children's Medical Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Molecular Immunology Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Department of Immunology; School of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
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James JA. Clinical perspectives on lupus genetics: advances and opportunities. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2014; 40:413-32, vii. [PMID: 25034154 DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, genome-wide association studies have led to an expansion in the identification of regions containing confirmed genetic risk variants within complex human diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Many of the strongest SLE genetic associations can be divided into groups based on their potential roles in different processes implicated in lupus pathogenesis, including ubiquitination, DNA degradation, innate immunity, cellular immunity, lymphocyte development, and antigen presentation. Recent advances have also shown several genetic associations with SLE subphenotypes and subcriteria. Many areas for further exploration remain to move lupus genetic studies toward clinically informative end points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith A James
- Oklahoma Clinical & Translational Science Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 920 Stanton L Young Boulevard, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Departments of Medicine, Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 920 Stanton L Young Boulevard, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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21
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Qiu LJ, Ni J, Cen H, Wen PF, Zhang M, Liang Y, Pan HF, Mao C, Ye DQ. Relationship between the IL-4 gene promoter -590C/T (rs2243250) polymorphism and susceptibility to autoimmune diseases: a meta-analysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014; 29:48-55. [PMID: 24628947 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies investigating the association between interleukin (IL)-4 gene promoter -590C/T (rs2243250) polymorphism and autoimmune diseases report conflicting results. To derive a more precise estimation of the relationship, a meta-analysis was performed. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies. Pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to estimate the strength of association. RESULTS A total of 6001 cases and 6788 controls from 24 studies were analysed. Significant association of the C allele of IL-4 rs2243250 polymorphism with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was detected (odds ratio (OR) = 0.696, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.601-0.807). Stratification by ethnicity indicated an association between the IL-4 rs2243250 polymorphism and RA in Caucasians. Furthermore, the overall ORs of the associations between the C allele and multiple scleorosis (MS) were 1.340 (95% CI = 1.102-1.630). However, we failed to reveal any association between IL-4 rs2243250 polymorphism and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), type 1 diabetes (T1D) or Graves' disease (GD). CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that the IL-4 rs2243250 polymorphism might be associated with genetic susceptibility to autoimmune diseases, including RA and MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-J Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Population Health & Major Disease Screening and Diagnosis, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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The role of interleukins 4, 17 and interferon gamma as biomarkers in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and their correlation with disease activity. EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGIST 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejr.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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23
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Cen H, Zhou M, Leng RX, Wang W, Feng CC, Li BZ, Zhu Y, Yang XK, Yang M, Zhai Y, Zhang M, Hu LF, Li R, Chen GM, Chen H, Pan HF, Li XP, Ye DQ. Genetic interaction between genes involved in NF-κB signaling pathway in systemic lupus erythematosus. Mol Immunol 2013; 56:643-8. [PMID: 23911423 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Recently, multiple genetic associations have been found between genes involved in nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or other autoimmune diseases. This study was undertaken to replicate some of these associations and further test for genetic interactions among these genes in SLE in a Chinese population. Ten single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in NFKB1, REL, inhibitor of κB-like (IκBL), IκB kinase β (IKBKB), tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6), tumor necrosis factor a-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3), TNFAIP3 interacting protein 1 (TNIP1) were genotyped in 898 Chinese patients with SLE and 988 healthy controls by Sequenom MassArray technology. Single-marker genetic association analysis was performed, and additive and multiplicative interactions were analyzed. Associations of TNFAIP3 rs2230926 (p=1.43 × 10(-3)) and TNIP1 rs10036748 (p=4.33 × 10(-3)) with SLE were replicated in our study. Two other SNPs, NFKB1 rs28362491 and IκBL rs2071592, showed nominal evidence for association (p=4.70 × 10(-2) and p=5.90 × 10(-3), respectively) but these were not significant after applying Bonferroni correction. Additive interaction analysis revealed significant interaction between NFKB1 rs28362491 and TNFAIP3 rs2230926 (RERI=0.98, 95%CI=0.02-1.93; AP=43.2%, 95%CI=0.12-0.74). Significant multiplicative interaction was observed between NFKB1 rs28362491 and TNIP1 rs3792783 (p=0.03). Our results provide evidence for gene-gene interactions, which further support the important role of NF-κB signaling pathway in the genetic basis of SLE and the notion of genetic interactions accounting for missing heritability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Cen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China; Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Population Health & Major Disease Screening and Diagnosis, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China
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IL-10 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69547. [PMID: 23936042 PMCID: PMC3720721 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A number of observational studies have been conducted to investigate the association of the IL-10 gene polymorphisms with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) susceptibility. However, their results are conflicting. Method We searched published case-control studies on the IL-10 polymorphisms and SLE in PubMed, EMBASE and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. A meta-analysis was conducted using a fixed-effect or random-effect model based on between-study heterogeneity. Results A total of 42 studies with 7948 cases and 11866 controls were included in this meta-analysis. Among Caucasians, the CA27 allele of the IL10.G microsatellites (OR 2.38, 95% CI 1.01–5.62), the G allele of the IL-10 -1082G/A polymorphism (G vs. A: OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.02–1.44; GG vs. AA: OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.16–1.82; GG+GA vs. AA: OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.03–1.29) and its associated haplotype -1082G/−819C/−592C (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.10–1.42) were associated with increased SLE susceptibility without or with unimportant between-study heterogeneity. Removing studies deviating from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) hardly changed these results. Among Asians, the CA21 allele of the IL-10.G microsatellites (OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.02–1.60) and the -1082G/−819C/−592C haplotype (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.00–1.53) were associated with increased SLE susceptibility, but with substantial between-study heterogeneity or sensitive to HWE status. Removing studies deviating from HWE also produced statistically significant associations of the IL-10 -1082G/A (GG vs. AA: OR 3.21, 95% CI 1.24–8.28; GG vs. AA+GA: OR 2.85, 95% CI 1.19–6.79) and -592C/A polymorphisms (CC+CA vs. AA: OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.51–0.94) with SLE among Asians. Conclusion This meta-analysis showed that the IL10.G microsatellites, the IL-10 -1082G/A and -592C/A polymorphisms and the haplotype -1082G/−819C/−592C are associated with SLE susceptibility. Besides, this is the first time to report an association between the CA27 allele of the IL-10.G microsatellites and SLE among Caucasians. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Wang B, Zhu JM, Fan YG, Xu WD, Cen H, Pan HF, Ye DQ. Association of the −1082G/A polymorphism in the interleukin-10 gene with systemic lupus erythematosus: A meta-analysis. Gene 2013; 519:209-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Tiffin N, Adeyemo A, Okpechi I. A diverse array of genetic factors contribute to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2013; 8:2. [PMID: 23289717 PMCID: PMC3551738 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-8-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease with variable clinical presentation frequently affecting the skin, joints, haemopoietic system, kidneys, lungs and central nervous system. It can be life threatening when major organs are involved. The full pathological and genetic mechanisms of this complex disease are yet to be elucidated; although roles have been described for environmental triggers such as sunlight, drugs and chemicals, and infectious agents. Cellular processes such as inefficient clearing of apoptotic DNA fragments and generation of autoantibodies have been implicated in disease progression. A diverse array of disease-associated genes and microRNA regulatory molecules that are dysregulated through polymorphism and copy number variation have also been identified; and an effect of ethnicity on susceptibility has been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicki Tiffin
- South African National Bioinformatics Institute/MRC Unit for Bioinformatics Capacity Development, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa.
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Lee S, Kwon MS, Park T. Network graph analysis of gene-gene interactions in genome-wide association study data. Genomics Inform 2012; 10:256-62. [PMID: 23346039 PMCID: PMC3543927 DOI: 10.5808/gi.2012.10.4.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Most common complex traits, such as obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and cancers, are known to be associated with multiple genes, environmental factors, and their epistasis. Recently, the development of advanced genotyping technologies has allowed us to perform genome-wide association studies (GWASs). For detecting the effects of multiple genes on complex traits, many approaches have been proposed for GWASs. Multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) is one of the powerful and efficient methods for detecting high-order gene-gene (GxG) interactions. However, the biological interpretation of GxG interactions identified by MDR analysis is not easy. In order to aid the interpretation of MDR results, we propose a network graph analysis to elucidate the meaning of identified GxG interactions. The proposed network graph analysis consists of three steps. The first step is for performing GxG interaction analysis using MDR analysis. The second step is to draw the network graph using the MDR result. The third step is to provide biological evidence of the identified GxG interaction using external biological databases. The proposed method was applied to Korean Association Resource (KARE) data, containing 8838 individuals with 327,632 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, in order to perform GxG interaction analysis of body mass index (BMI). Our network graph analysis successfully showed that many identified GxG interactions have known biological evidence related to BMI. We expect that our network graph analysis will be helpful to interpret the biological meaning of GxG interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungyoung Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea
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Huang CY, Ting WH, Lo FS, Wu YL, Chang TY, Chan HW, Lin WS, Chen WF, Lien YP, Lee YJ. The IL18 gene and Hashimoto thyroiditis in children. Hum Immunol 2012; 74:120-4. [PMID: 23073298 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2012.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin 18 (IL18) stimulates interferon-γ production in Th1 cells which are prominent in the thyroid of Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT). We investigated the association between the IL18 gene and HT. There were 116 children with HT and 1272 controls. rs187238 and rs1946518 in the promoter region of the IL18 gene were genotyped. Differences in genotype, allele, carrier, and haplotype distributions between patients and controls were compared. A Pc value <0.05 was considered significant. The frequency of the C/G genotype of rs187238 was significantly higher in patients and conferred a risk of HT (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.30-2.95; Pc, 0.0021). So did the frequencies of allele C (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.22-2.44; Pc, 0.0035) and carrier C (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.31-2.92; Pc, 0.0017), however the frequency of the G/G genotype was significantly lower in patients than in controls (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.34-0.76; Pc, 0.0034). There was no association between HT and rs1946518. The CT haplotype was significantly more frequent in patients than in controls and conferred a risk of HT (OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.24-2.49; Pc, 0.0049). We concluded that the IL18 gene was associated with HT in children. The rs187238C allele and CT haplotype conferred a risk of HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Yu Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Imran M, Laddha NC, Dwivedi M, Mansuri MS, Singh J, Rani R, Gokhale RS, Sharma VK, Marfatia YS, Begum R. Interleukin-4 genetic variants correlate with its transcript and protein levels in patients with vitiligo. Br J Dermatol 2012; 167:314-23. [PMID: 22512783 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11000.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitiligo is an acquired pigmentary disorder resulting from loss of melanocytes. Interleukin (IL)-4 has been shown to stimulate B-cell proliferation, to regulate immunoglobulin class switching (IgG1 and IgE) and to promote T-cell development. Polymorphisms in the IL4 gene are known to increase its expression, thereby implicating its role in vitiligo susceptibility. OBJECTIVES To explore intron 3 VNTR (IVS3) and -590 C/T (rs2243250) promoter polymorphisms in the IL4 gene and to correlate them with the IL4 transcript, serum IL-4 and IgE levels to achieve genotype-phenotype correlation in patients with vitiligo from Gujarat. A replication study was done in a North Indian population. METHODS The case-control study was performed to investigate these polymorphisms in 505 patients and 744 controls in Gujarat, and 596 patients and 397 controls in North India by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. IL4 transcript levels were monitored by real-time PCR. Serum IL-4 and IgE levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, respectively. RESULTS The genotype frequencies differed significantly between patients with generalized vitiligo and controls for both the polymorphisms in both populations. Allele frequencies significantly differed between patients with generalized vitiligo and controls for both the polymorphisms in the population from Gujarat. Interestingly, genotype and allele frequencies for -590 C/T single nucleotide polymorphism were significantly different between patients with localized vitiligo and controls in both the populations. The study revealed significantly increased IL4 mRNA, serum IL-4 and IgE levels in patients from Gujarat. Age of onset analysis of disease in patients suggested that the TTR2R2, TTR1R2 and CTR2R2 haplotypes had a profound effect in the early onset of the disease. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that these polymorphisms of the IL4 gene may be genetic risk factors for susceptibility towards vitiligo and the upregulation of the IL4 transcript, protein and IgE levels in individuals with susceptible haplotypes reveal the crucial role of IL-4 in the pathogenesis of vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Imran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
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Ding Y, Chen M, Liu Z, Ding D, Ye Y, Zhang M, Kelly R, Guo L, Su Z, Harris SC, Qian F, Ge W, Fang H, Xu X, Tong W. atBioNet--an integrated network analysis tool for genomics and biomarker discovery. BMC Genomics 2012; 13:325. [PMID: 22817640 PMCID: PMC3443675 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-13-325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Large amounts of mammalian protein-protein interaction (PPI) data have been generated and are available for public use. From a systems biology perspective, Proteins/genes interactions encode the key mechanisms distinguishing disease and health, and such mechanisms can be uncovered through network analysis. An effective network analysis tool should integrate different content-specific PPI databases into a comprehensive network format with a user-friendly platform to identify key functional modules/pathways and the underlying mechanisms of disease and toxicity. Results atBioNet integrates seven publicly available PPI databases into a network-specific knowledge base. Knowledge expansion is achieved by expanding a user supplied proteins/genes list with interactions from its integrated PPI network. The statistically significant functional modules are determined by applying a fast network-clustering algorithm (SCAN: a Structural Clustering Algorithm for Networks). The functional modules can be visualized either separately or together in the context of the whole network. Integration of pathway information enables enrichment analysis and assessment of the biological function of modules. Three case studies are presented using publicly available disease gene signatures as a basis to discover new biomarkers for acute leukemia, systemic lupus erythematosus, and breast cancer. The results demonstrated that atBioNet can not only identify functional modules and pathways related to the studied diseases, but this information can also be used to hypothesize novel biomarkers for future analysis. Conclusion atBioNet is a free web-based network analysis tool that provides a systematic insight into proteins/genes interactions through examining significant functional modules. The identified functional modules are useful for determining underlying mechanisms of disease and biomarker discovery. It can be accessed at: http://www.fda.gov/ScienceResearch/BioinformaticsTools/ucm285284.htm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Ding
- ICF International at FDA's National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
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Vaughn SE, Kottyan LC, Munroe ME, Harley JB. Genetic susceptibility to lupus: the biological basis of genetic risk found in B cell signaling pathways. J Leukoc Biol 2012; 92:577-91. [PMID: 22753952 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0212095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 50 genetic variants have been statistically associated with the development of SLE (or lupus). Each genetic association is a key component of a pathway to lupus pathogenesis, the majority of which requires further mechanistic studies to understand the functional changes to cellular physiology. Whereas their use in clinical practice has yet to be established, these genes guide efforts to develop more specific therapeutic approaches. The BCR signaling pathways are rich in lupus susceptibility genes and may well provide novel opportunities for the understanding and clinical treatment of this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel E Vaughn
- Cincinnati Children’s Hosptial Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA
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Li X, Shi W, Yu G, Lin L, Yang B, Li J, Guo W, Tang C, Wang H, Gao H, Qin H, Liu Y, Liu X. Interleukin-4 -590T/C polymorphism influences the susceptibility to nonsmall cell lung cancer. DNA Cell Biol 2011; 31:797-800. [PMID: 22142023 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2011.1425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for most of these cases. Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is a typical pleiotropic T helper 2 cytokine and plays crucial roles in tumor immunology. IL-4 gene -590T/C polymorphism has been shown to be associated with different autoimmune diseases and cancers. The present study evaluated the correlation between this polymorphism and the susceptibility to NSCLC in the Chinese population. The IL-4 variant -590T/C was detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in 1072 NSCLC cases and 1126 age-matched healthy controls. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. Results showed that frequencies of IL-4 -590 TC, CC genotype, and -590 C allele were significantly lower in patients with NSCLC than in healthy controls (odds ratio [OR]=0.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.64-0.93, p=0.006; OR=0.54, 95% CI 0.38-0.76, p=0.0004; and OR=0.72, 95% CI 0.62-0.83, p=1.1 × 10(-5), respectively). Our data suggest that the -590T/C polymorphism of the IL-4 gene is associated with a decreased susceptibility to NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences of PLA, Fengtai, Beijing, China
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Small interfering RNA against transcription factor STAT6 leads to increased cholesterol synthesis in lung cancer cell lines. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28509. [PMID: 22162773 PMCID: PMC3230611 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
STAT6 transcription factor has become a potential molecule for therapeutic intervention because it regulates broad range of cellular processes in a large variety of cell types. Although some target genes and interacting partners of STAT6 have been identified, its exact mechanism of action needs to be elucidated. In this study, we sought to further characterize the molecular interactions, networks, and functions of STAT6 by profiling the mRNA expression of STAT6 silenced human lung cells (NCI-H460) using microarrays. Our analysis revealed 273 differentially expressed genes after STAT6 silencing. Analysis of the gene expression data with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software revealed Gene expression, Cell death, Lipid metabolism as the functions associated with highest rated network. Cholesterol biosynthesis was among the most enriched pathways in IPA as well as in PANTHER analysis. These results have been validated by real-time PCR and cholesterol assay using scrambled siRNA as a negative control. Similar findings were also observed with human type II pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells, A549. In the present study we have, for the first time, shown the inverse relationship of STAT6 with the cholesterol biosynthesis in lung cancer cells. The present findings are potentially significant to advance the understanding and design of therapeutics for the pathological conditions where both STAT6 and cholesterol biosynthesis are implicated viz. asthma, atherosclerosis etc.
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Genetic risk factors of systemic lupus erythematosus in the Malaysian population: a minireview. Clin Dev Immunol 2011; 2012:963730. [PMID: 21941582 PMCID: PMC3176625 DOI: 10.1155/2012/963730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
SLE is an autoimmune disease that is not uncommon in Malaysia. In contrast to Malays and Indians, the Chinese seem to be most affected. SLE is characterized by deficiency of body's immune response that leads to production of autoantibodies and failure of immune complex clearance. This minireview attempts to summarize the association of several candidate genes with risk for SLE in the Malaysian population and discuss the genetic heterogeneity that exists locally in Asians and in comparison with SLE in Caucasians. Several groups of researchers have been actively investigating genes that are associated with SLE susceptibility in the Malaysian population by screening possible reported candidate genes across the SLE patients and healthy controls. These candidate genes include MHC genes and genes encoding complement components, TNF, FcγR, T-cell receptors, and interleukins. However, most of the polymorphisms investigated in these genes did not show significant associations with susceptibility to SLE in the Malaysian scenario, except for those occurring in MHC genes and genes coding for TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-1RN, and IL-6.
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Garaud JC, Schickel JN, Blaison G, Knapp AM, Dembele D, Ruer-Laventie J, Korganow AS, Martin T, Soulas-Sprauel P, Pasquali JL. B cell signature during inactive systemic lupus is heterogeneous: toward a biological dissection of lupus. PLoS One 2011; 6:e23900. [PMID: 21886837 PMCID: PMC3160348 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosous (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with an important clinical and biological heterogeneity. B lymphocytes appear central to the development of SLE which is characterized by the production of a large variety of autoantibodies and hypergammaglobulinemia. In mice, immature B cells from spontaneous lupus prone animals are able to produce autoantibodies when transferred into immunodeficient mice, strongly suggesting the existence of intrinsic B cell defects during lupus. In order to approach these defects in humans, we compared the peripheral B cell transcriptomas of quiescent lupus patients to normal B cell transcriptomas. When the statistical analysis is performed on the entire group of patients, the differences between patients and controls appear quite weak with only 14 mRNA genes having a false discovery rate ranging between 11 and 17%, with 6 underexpressed genes (PMEPA1, TLR10, TRAF3IP2, LDOC1L, CD1C and EGR1). However, unforced hierarchical clustering of the microarrays reveals a subgroup of lupus patients distinct from both the controls and the other lupus patients. This subgroup has no detectable clinical or immunological phenotypic peculiarity compared to the other patients, but is characterized by 1/an IL-4 signature and 2/the abnormal expression of a large set of genes with an extremely low false discovery rate, mainly pointing to the biological function of the endoplasmic reticulum, and more precisely to genes implicated in the Unfolded Protein Response, suggesting that B cells entered an incomplete BLIMP1 dependent plasmacytic differentiation which was undetectable by immunophenotyping. Thus, this microarray analysis of B cells during quiescent lupus suggests that, despite a similar lupus phenotype, different biological roads can lead to human lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Claude Garaud
- CNRS UPR 9021, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | - Anne-Marie Knapp
- CNRS UPR 9021, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Doulaye Dembele
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Julie Ruer-Laventie
- CNRS UPR 9021, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Korganow
- CNRS UPR 9021, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Thierry Martin
- CNRS UPR 9021, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pauline Soulas-Sprauel
- CNRS UPR 9021, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Louis Pasquali
- CNRS UPR 9021, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- * E-mail:
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Yang D, Song H, Xu W, Long H, Shi C, Jing Z, Song W, Pei B. Interleukin 4-590T/C polymorphism and susceptibility to leprosy. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2011; 15:877-81. [PMID: 21749213 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2011.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Cell-mediated (Th1) immune response and humoral (Th2) immune response play different roles in leprosy infection. Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is a typical Th2 cytokine. It is a critical mediator of the Th1/Th2 balance. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to investigate the association between IL-4 gene -590T/C polymorphism and the susceptibility to leprosy in a Chinese population. METHODS The IL-4 variant -590T/C was detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in 432 leprosy cases and 465 age-matched healthy controls. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. RESULTS Frequencies of the IL-4-590TC and CC genotypes and the -590C allele were significantly lower in patients with leprosy than in healthy controls (odds ratio [OR]=0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.55-0.99, p=0.044; OR=0.46, 95% CI 0.25-0.84, p=0.010; and OR=0.68, 95% CI 0.54-0.86, p=0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the -590T/C polymorphism of the IL-4 gene is associated with decreased susceptibility of leprosy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Degang Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, 1278 Bao De Road, Shanghai, China
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Oral HB, Dilek K, Özçimen AA, Taşkapılıoğlu Ö, Bingöl Ü, Sarandöl A, Sarıcaoğlu H, Yurtkuran M, Yurtkuran MA. Interleukin-4 Gene Polymorphisms Confer Behçet’s Disease in Turkish Population. Scand J Immunol 2011; 73:594-601. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2011.02532.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Association of an IL-4 gene haplotype with Graves disease in children: experimental study and meta-analysis. Hum Immunol 2011; 72:256-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2010.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2009] [Revised: 12/03/2010] [Accepted: 12/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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