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Akhtar R, Ali MM, Ullah A, Muttalib A, Mehboob K, Ullah A, Ahmad N, Chohan TZ. Genotyping of Brucella strains isolated from humans and cattle of different geographical regions of Pakistan using MLVA-15. Vet Med Sci 2021; 7:1688-1695. [PMID: 34245235 PMCID: PMC8464260 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prevalence of brucellosis and MLVA genotyping in animals and humans, isolated from different regions of Pakistan was performed. Animals having history of brucellosis from the field and local farms of Bannu, Mardan, Peshawar, Swat, Lahore and Islamabad were selected for blood collection. Humans that work with them were also selected for sampling in this study. Total of 600 samples were taken from cattle and humans and subjected to Rose Bengal plate Test (RBPT) for the initial screening of positive samples. Designed primers of B.abortus for cattle and B.melitensis for humans were utilised to perform PCR. Culturing and isolation was carried to further to perform MLVA genotyping assay through the selection of two panels of primer markers. Results RBPT showed more number of cases of brucellosis in animals and humans compared to the PCR findings. Genotyping findings based upon MLVA‐15 set of markers demonstrated that the isolated strains of B.abortus fall in the same clade with strain A1, P8 and A2 from Pakistan and also similar with BCCN#02‐45 strain from India. On the other hand, B.melitensis isolated from different districts of Pakistan shared the same clade with BwIM‐AFG 63, BwIM‐AFG 44 strains from Afghanistan and BwIM IRN 37 strain from Iran. Selected VNTR alleles were sequenced for calibration purposes. Conclusion It is concluded that Brucella is prevalent in animals and humans in studied districts of Pakistan. Moreover, A1, P8, BwIM‐AFG 63, BwIM‐AFG 44 and A2 were found the common genotypes in Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheela Akhtar
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Muddassir Ali
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asad Ullah
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Muttalib
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Kashan Mehboob
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arif Ullah
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nasim Ahmad
- Department of Theriogenology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Zahoor Chohan
- Planning and Development Division, Pakistan Agriculture Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Abstract
The clinical presentation of brucellosis in humans is variable and unspecific, and thus, laboratory corroboration of the diagnosis is essential for the patient's proper treatment. The diagnosis of brucellar infections can be made by culture, serological tests, and nucleic acid amplification assays. Modern automated blood culture systems enable detection of acute cases of brucellosis within the routine 5- to 7-day incubation protocol employed in clinical microbiology laboratories, although a longer incubation and performance of blind subcultures may be needed for protracted cases. Serological tests, though they lack specificity and provide results that may be difficult to interpret in individuals repeatedly exposed to Brucella organisms, nevertheless remain a diagnostic cornerstone in resource-poor countries. Nucleic acid amplification assays combine exquisite sensitivity, specificity, and safety and enable rapid diagnosis of the disease. However, long-term persistence of positive molecular test results in patients that have apparently fully recovered is common and has unclear clinical significance and therapeutic implications. Therefore, as long as there are no sufficiently validated commercial tests or studies that demonstrate an adequate interlaboratory reproducibility of the different homemade PCR assays, cultures and serological methods will remain the primary tools for the diagnosis and posttherapeutic follow-up of human brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Yagupsky
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Pilar Morata
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan D Colmenero
- Infectious Diseases Service, University Regional Hospital, Málaga, Spain
- IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
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3
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Amouei A, Sharif M, Sarvi S, Bagheri Nejad R, Aghayan SA, Hashemi-Soteh MB, Mizani A, Hosseini SA, Gholami S, Sadeghi A, Sarafrazi M, Daryani A. Aetiology of livestock fetal mortality in Mazandaran province, Iran. PeerJ 2019; 6:e5920. [PMID: 30687586 PMCID: PMC6340351 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the farming industry, the productivity of livestock herds depends on the fertility efficiency of animals. The accurate diagnosis of a broad range of aetiological agents causing fetal death is often difficult. Our aim was to assess the prevalence rates of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, and Brucella spp. infections in ruminant abortion using bacteriological culture and molecular techniques in Mazandaran Province, northern Iran. Samples were collected from 70 aborted sheep, goat, and cattle fetuses between September 2014 and December 2015. Necropsy was performed on all the received samples, and brain tissue and abomasal content were obtained from the aborted fetuses. Protozoan infections were detected by specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and bacterial agents using bacteriological examinations and PCR assay. Infectious pathogens were detected in 22 out of 70 (31.4%) examined fetuses. Moreover, T. gondii, N. caninum, and B. melitensis were verified in 13 (18.6%), four (5.7%), and two (2.85%) samples, respectively. Our results showed that infection with the mentioned pathogenic agents may lead to fetal mortality, which can be a major cause of economic loss. The listed pathogens could be considered important etiological agents of fetal loss in Mazandaran Province, for which appropriate control measures such as vaccination and biosecurity can be implemented to prevent infection and reduce reproductive loss in livestock farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Amouei
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.,Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sharif
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.,Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Shahabeddin Sarvi
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.,Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Ramin Bagheri Nejad
- Brucellosis Department, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Alborz, Iran
| | - Sargis A Aghayan
- Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute of Biology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Mohammad Bagher Hashemi-Soteh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Mizani
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Seyed Abdollah Hosseini
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.,Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Sara Gholami
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Alireza Sadeghi
- Mazandaran Central Laboratory of Veterinary Organization, Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sarafrazi
- Mazandaran Provincial Veterinary Department, Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Daryani
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.,Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
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4
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Molecular Diagnosis of Acute and Chronic Brucellosis in Humans. MICROORGANISMS FOR SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8844-6_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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5
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Saytekin AM, Ak S. Direct diagnosis of Brucella species through multiplex PCR formed by a new method. J Microbiol Methods 2018; 154:86-94. [PMID: 30336164 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop direct PCR methods, which enable the diagnosis of brucellosis agents from ruminant aborted fetus samples at species and genus levels, and determine the applicability of the newly developed methods. For this purpose, 137 lung, 137 liver, and 52 fetal stomach fluid samples belonging to 166 ruminant aborted fetuses (326 samples in total) were examined. Firstly, agent isolation and identification were performed and species-specific multiplex PCR (m-PCR) from the culture was applied to the samples. In addition, the Mayer-Scholl m-PCR method was modified and termed 'modified Mayer-Scholl', and genus specific Bcsp31 PCR was also modified with minor changes. Four different methods were applied to direct examination samples and the obtained results were compared. The conventional culture method was set as the standard method to which sensitivities and specificities of the molecular methods were calculated. According to the assessments on the basis of fetus (n = 166), sensitivity and specificity values for modified Mayer-Scholl m-PCR method were 94.11% and 98.76%, and the same indicators for the modified Bcsp31 PCR were 95.29% and 98.76%, respectively. When all organ samples were taken into account (n = 326), sensitivity and specificity values for the modified Mayer-Scholl m-PCR method were 85.38% and 98.06%, and for the modified Bcsp31 PCR, they were 83.62% and 98.06%, respectively. As a result, it was found that the diagnostic power of the tests were 'high' when results were evaluated at fetus level. On the other hand, it was found to be 'clinically useful' when evaluated at organ level. We concluded that species level identifications can be made through the modified Mayer-Scholl method, which is a direct m-PCR method, with a high diagnostic power by specifying DNAs belonging to Brucella species directly from clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Murat Saytekin
- Reference Diagnosis Laboratory for Brucellosis, Pendik Veterinary Control Institute, 34890, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Seyyal Ak
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, 34320 İstanbul, Turkey
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6
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Sanjuan-Jimenez R, Colmenero JD, Morata P. Lessons learned with molecular methods targeting the BCSP-31 membrane protein for diagnosis of human brucellosis. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 469:1-9. [PMID: 28315659 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Brucellosis remains an emerging and re-emerging zoonosis worldwide causing high human morbidity. It usually affects persons who are permanently exposed to fastidious microorganisms of the Brucella genus and has a nonspecific clinical picture. Thus, diagnosis of brucellosis can sometimes be difficult. Molecular techniques have recently been found very useful in the diagnosis of brucellosis together with its common and very diverse focal complications. We herein review all the lessons learned by our group concerning the molecular diagnosis of human brucellosis over the last twenty years. The results, initially using one-step conventional PCR, later PCR-ELISA and more recently real-time PCR, using both fluorescent intercalating reagents (SYBR-Green I) and specific probes (Taqman), have shown that these techniques are all much more sensitive than bacteriological methods and more specific than the usual serological techniques for the diagnosis of primary infection, the post-treatment control of the disease, early detection of relapse and the diagnosis of focal complications. Optimization of the technique and improvements introduced over the years show that molecular methods, currently accessible for most clinical laboratories, enable easy rapid diagnosis of brucellosis at the same time as they avoid any risk to laboratory personnel while handling live Brucella spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Sanjuan-Jimenez
- Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.
| | - Juan D Colmenero
- Infectious Diseases Service, Regional University Hospital, Malaga, Spain
| | - Pilar Morata
- Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
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7
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Alamian S, Esmaelizad M, Zahraei T, Etemadi A, Mohammadi M, Afshar D, Ghaderi S. A Novel PCR Assay for Detecting Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2017; 8:65-70. [PMID: 28443226 PMCID: PMC5402848 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2017.8.1.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Brucellosis is a major zoonotic disease that poses a significant public health threat worldwide. The classical bacteriological detection process used to identify Brucella spp. is difficult and time-consuming. This study aimed to develop a novel molecular assay for detecting brucellosis. METHODS All complete sequences of chromosome 1 with 2.1-Mbp lengths were compared among all available Brucella sequences. A unique repeat sequence (URS) locus on chromosome 1 could differentiate Brucella abortus from Brucella melitensis. A primer set was designed to flank the unique locus. A total of 136 lymph nodes and blood samples were evaluated and classified by the URS-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method in 2013-2014. RESULTS Biochemical tests and bacteriophage typing as the golden standard indicated that all Brucella spp. isolates were B. melitensis biovar 1 and B. abortus biovar 3. The PCR results were the same as the bacteriological method for detecting Brucella spp. The sensitivity and specificity of the URS-PCR method make it suitable for detecting B. abortus and B. melitensis. CONCLUSION Quick detection of B. abortus and B. melitensis can provide the most effective strategies for control of these bacteria. The advantage of this method over other presented methods is that both B. abortus and B. melitensis are detectable in a single test tube. Furthermore, this method covered 100% of all B. melitensis and B. abortus biotypes. The development of this URS-PCR method is the first step toward the development of a novel kit for the molecular identification of B. abortus and B. melitensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Alamian
- Department of Brucellosis, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj,
Iran
| | - Majid Esmaelizad
- Department of Biotechnology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj,
Iran
| | - Taghi Zahraei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran,
Iran
| | - Afshar Etemadi
- Department of Brucellosis, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj,
Iran
| | - Mohsen Mohammadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad,
Iran
| | - Davoud Afshar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan,
Iran
| | - Soheila Ghaderi
- Department of Biotechnology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj,
Iran
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8
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Qasem JA, AlMomin S, Al-Mouqati SA, Kumar V. Characterization and evaluation of an arbitrary primed Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) product for the specific detection of Brucella species. Saudi J Biol Sci 2014; 22:220-6. [PMID: 25737656 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2014] [Revised: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Laboratory detection of Brucella is based largely on bacterial isolation and phenotypic characterization. These methods are lengthy and labor-intensive and have been associated with a heightened risk of laboratory-acquired infection. Antibody based indirect detection methods also suffer from limitations in proper diagnosis of the organism. To overcome these problems, nucleic acid amplification has been explored for rapid detection and confirmation of the presence of Brucella spp. PCR-based diagnostics is useful for screening large populations of livestock to identify infected individuals and confirms the presence of the pathogen. Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was performed and identified a 1.3 kb PCR fragment specifically amplifiable from DNA isolated from Brucella. A BLAST search revealed no significant homology with the reported sequences from species other than the members of Brucella. The isolated fragment seems to be a part of d-alanine-d-alanine ligase gene in Brucella sp. Translational BLAST revealed certain degree of homology of this sequence with orthologs of this gene reported from other microbial species at the deduced amino acid level. The sequence information was used to develop PCR based assays to detect Brucella sp. from various samples. The minimum detection limit of Brucella from blood and milk samples spiked with Brucella DNA was found to be 1 ng/ml and 10 ng/ml, respectively. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the PCR based detection protocol was successfully used for the detection of Brucella from various organs and spiked samples of diseased sheep. Diagnosis of Brucellosis by PCR based method reported in this study is relatively rapid, specific and simple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jafar A Qasem
- Department of Applied Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, P.O. Box 9508, Ahmadi 61006, Kuwait
| | - Sabah AlMomin
- Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Biotechnology Department, P.O. Box 24885, 13109 Safat, Kuwait
| | - Salwa A Al-Mouqati
- Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Biotechnology Department, P.O. Box 24885, 13109 Safat, Kuwait
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Biotechnology Department, P.O. Box 24885, 13109 Safat, Kuwait
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9
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Gupta V, Shivasharanappa N, Kumar V, Kumar A. Diagnostic evaluation of serological assays and different gene based PCR for detection of Brucella melitensis in goat. Small Rumin Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2013.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Pérez-Sancho M, García-Seco T, Arrogante L, García N, Martínez I, Diez-Guerrier A, Perales A, Goyache J, Domínguez L, Álvarez J. Development and evaluation of an IS711-based loop mediated isothermal amplification method (LAMP) for detection of Brucella spp. on clinical samples. Res Vet Sci 2013; 95:489-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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11
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Pacheco WA, Genovez ME, Pozzi CR, Silva LMP, Azevedo SS, Did CC, Piatti RM, Pinheiro ES, Castro V, Miyashiro S, Gambarini ML. Excretion of Brucella abortus vaccine B19 strain during a reproductive cycle in dairy cows. Braz J Microbiol 2012; 43:594-601. [PMID: 24031869 PMCID: PMC3768810 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822012000200022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper aimed to determine the excretion period of B19 vaccine strain during a complete reproductive cycle (from estrus synchronization, artificial insemination, pregnancy and until 30 days after parturition) of dairy cows from 3 to 9 years old that were previously vaccinated from 3 to 8 months. Three groups were monitored with monthly milk and urine collection during 12 months: G1 with seven cows from 3 to 4 years old; G2 with three cows from 5 to 6 years old; and G3 with four cows from 7 to 9 years old. Urine and milk samples were submitted to bacteriological culture and urine and PCR reactions for detection of Brucella spp. and PCR-multiplex for B19 strain identification. Ring test (RT) was also performed in the milk samples, and serum samples were tested by buffered acidified plate antigen test (BAPA). All animals were serologically negative at BAPA and Brucella spp. was not isolated from both urine and milk samples. RT revealed 13/210 (6.2%) positive milk samples. PCR reactions detected DNA of Brucella spp. in 86/420 (20.5%) samples. In urine it was found a significantly higher frequency (35.2%; 74/210) than in milk (5.7%; 12/210), more frequently from the estrus to 150 days of pregnancy and after parturition (6.7%; 10/150), and from 150 days of pregnancy to parturition (3.4%; 2/60), and they were all identified as B19 strain. In three groups, intermittent excretion of B19 strain was detected mainly in urine samples, which confirmed its multiplication and persistence in cows for until 9 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Pacheco
- Laboratório de Doenças Bacterianas da Reprodução, Centro Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Sanidade Animal, Instituto Biológico de São Paulo , São Paulo, SP , Brasil
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12
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Buyukcangaz E, Sen A, Carli KT, Kahya S. Comparison of direct culture versus PCR for the detection of Brucella
in aborted fetuses of cattle and sheep in Turkey. Vet Rec 2011; 168:430. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.c7003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Buyukcangaz
- Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Uludag University, Gorukle; Bursa 16059 Turkey
| | - A. Sen
- Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Uludag University, Gorukle; Bursa 16059 Turkey
| | - K. T. Carli
- Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Uludag University, Gorukle; Bursa 16059 Turkey
| | - S. Kahya
- Department of Microbiology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Uludag University, Gorukle; Bursa 16059 Turkey
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13
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Morrell EL, Barbeito CG, Odeón CA, Gimeno EJ, Campero CM. Histopathological, Immunohistochemical, Lectinhistochemical and Molecular Findings in Spontaneous Bovine Abortions by Campylobacter fetus. Reprod Domest Anim 2011; 46:309-15. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2010.01668.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Gupta V, Kumari R, Vohra J, Singh S, Vihan V. Comparative evaluation of recombinant BP26 protein for serological diagnosis of Brucella melitensis infection in goats. Small Rumin Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2010.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Aras Z, Uçan US. Detection of Brucella canis from inguinal lymph nodes of naturally infected dogs by PCR. Theriogenology 2010; 74:658-62. [PMID: 20452003 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2009] [Revised: 03/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to standardize and evaluate a PCR assay for the detection of Brucella canis (B. canis) in lymph node samples of naturally infected dogs. The performance of the PCR was compared with the results of bacteriological culture as reference method. Forty-eight inguinal lymph node samples were collected from 48 dogs (18 males and 30 females) that died in the city's pound in the years 2007-2008 and were examined by microbiological culture and the PCR assay. B. canis was isolated from 4 (8.3%) of 48 lymph node samples. Forty-four (91.7%) of the samples were bacteriological culture negative. B. canis DNA was directly detected from all culture positive lymph node samples (n = 4) by PCR. All of the culture negative samples were confirmed as negative by PCR. When the culture method was used as a gold standard, sensitivity and specificity of the PCR assay were found to be 100%. The limit of PCR detection of B. canis DNA was 1.4 x 10(1) CFU/g at least. In conclusion, the PCR assay has been shown to have a diagnostic performance equal to bacteriological culture for detection of B. canis. By a non-hazardous protocol for laboratory workers, the assay can be performed in one day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Aras
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selçuk University, Campus, 42 075, Konya, Turkey.
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Abd El-Raz K, Ismail E, Youssef H, Hashad M. Diagnosis of Brucellosis in Dairy Animals Using Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3923/ijds.2008.55.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Mukherjee F, Jain J, Patel V, Nair M. Multiple genus-specific markers in PCR assays improve the specificity and sensitivity of diagnosis of brucellosis in field animals. J Med Microbiol 2007; 56:1309-1316. [PMID: 17893166 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.47160-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucella-specific nucleotide sequences encoding the BCSP 31 kDa protein, Omp2 and the 16S rRNA were employed in three independent diagnostic PCR assays. Results of the three PCR assays on six reference strains of Brucella were in complete agreement. The results of PCR assays based on bcsp and omp2 on 19 Indian field isolates (human, bovine and murine tissues) also agreed completely. However, when the 16S rRNA gene was employed as the diagnostic target in the PCR, only 14 out of these 19 isolates and 2 out of 7 bovine milk isolates were identified as the genus Brucella. The bovine blood samples were insensitive to 16S rRNA PCR. The antibody-detecting ELISA results of field samples (n=87) from a serologically positive herd in India were compared separately with omp2 and bcsp PCRs of blood (n=62). While the bcsp PCR was the most sensitive, the degree of association of ELISA with omp2 blood PCR (kappa=0.37 at P <0.05) was similar to that with the bcsp blood PCR (kappa =0.34 at P <0.05). An improvement in the correlation between ELISA and blood PCR was noticed (kappa =0.5 at P <0.05) when a consensus result of omp2 and bcsp blood PCR was considered for comparison with ELISA. The use of more than one marker-based PCR gave increased sensitivity and higher specificity and appears to be a more reliable molecular diagnostic approach for screening of field animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falguni Mukherjee
- Research and Development, National Dairy Development Board, Anand 388 001, Gujarat, India
| | - Jainendra Jain
- Research and Development, National Dairy Development Board, Anand 388 001, Gujarat, India
| | - Vipul Patel
- Research and Development, National Dairy Development Board, Anand 388 001, Gujarat, India
| | - Mrinalini Nair
- Biotechnology Program, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Centre, MS University, Baroda 390002, Gujarat, India
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Kumar S, Tuteja U, Batra HV. Generation and Characterization of Murine Monoclonal Antibodies to Genus-Specific 31–Kilodalton Recombinant Cell Surface Protein ofBrucella abortus. Hybridoma (Larchmt) 2007; 26:211-6. [PMID: 17725382 DOI: 10.1089/hyb.2007.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In the present study hybridomas were produced from fusion with splenocytes of BALB/c mice immunized with the recombinant 31-kDa cell surface protein (r31CSP) specific for Brucella species. A set of eight stabilized hybridoma cell lines was generated against r31CSP. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) produced by all these clones exhibited reactivity for r31CSP as well as with the protein of 31-kDa, derived from whole-cell lysate of 31-kDa Brucella abortus 544. Four of eight MAbs were IgG1, two IgG2b, and two IgM in nature. These MAbs did not show any cross-reaction with whole-cell lysate of Yersinia enterocolitica O: 9, Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli 0157 by Western blotting. Reactivity of these MAbs was further assessed with other organisms of Brucella species namely, B. abortus S99, B. canis, B. melitensis 16M, B. suis, and a clinical isolate of B. melitensis. Collectively, these data suggest that these MAbs may have the potential for use in the detection of Brucella species with high specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar
- Division of Microbiology, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
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19
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20
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Garin-Bastuji B, Blasco J, Marín C, Albert D. The diagnosis of brucellosis in sheep and goats, old and new tools. Small Rumin Res 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2005.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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Leyla G, Kadri G, Umran O. Comparison of polymerase chain reaction and bacteriological culture for the diagnosis of sheep brucellosis using aborted fetus samples. Vet Microbiol 2003; 93:53-61. [PMID: 12591206 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1135(02)00442-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PCR assay has been shown to be a promising option for the diagnosis of brucellosis. However, few studies have been performed with field samples in order to evaluate the assay as a diagnostic tool. In this study, routine use of a species-specific PCR assay previously developed for the identification of Brucella cultures was assessed for the detection of Brucella DNA directly from the stomach contents of aborted sheep fetuses. The assay is based on the insertion sequence IS711 in the Brucella chromosome. In the study, during 3 successive lambing seasons (1998-1999, 1999-2000 and 2000-2001) 126 aborted fetus samples each from different flocks and locations were examined. Brucella strains were isolated from 39 (31%) of the samples and all of the strains were identified as Brucella melitensis by biochemical characteristics, agglutination with monospecific A and M sera and PCR. Thirty-seven of 39 B. melitensis isolates were biotyped as biotype 3, and 2 isolates as biotype 1. From 38 of 39 culture positive fetal stomach contents B. melitensis-specific DNA was detected by PCR. PCR was found negative in all of the culture negative samples. Compared with culture, sensitivity and specificity of PCR were determined as 97.4 and 100%, respectively. The results indicate that this PCR procedure has a potential for use in routine diagnosis of sheep brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Güler Leyla
- Veterinary Control and Research Institute, Konya 42080, Turkey.
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22
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Manterola L, Tejero-Garcés A, Ficapal A, Shopayeva G, Blasco JM, Marin CM, López-Goñi I. Evaluation of a PCR test for the diagnosis of Brucella ovis infection in semen samples from rams. Vet Microbiol 2003; 92:65-72. [PMID: 12488071 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1135(02)00310-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The sensitivity and specificity of a PCR assay with primers derived from the insertion sequence IS6501 was compared with that of bacteriological culture and serological tests for the diagnosis of Brucella ovis infection in rams. No amplifications were detected with DNAs from the strains phylogenetically related to Brucella and from the seven bacterial species considered as the main etiologic agents of epididymitis in rams. In addition, the specificity of the PCR was 100% when testing semen samples from Brucella-free rams. The comparison of the semen culture and PCR results from 192 semen samples tested, showed a proportion of agreement of 0.91 between both tests. The PCR-based test described has sensitivity similar to that of semen culture and could be used as a complementary test for the direct diagnosis of Brucella ovis in semen samples of rams.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Manterola
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona 31008, Spain
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23
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Abstract
Numerous PCR-based assays have been developed for the identification of Brucella to improve diagnostic capabilities. Collectively, the repertoire of assays addresses several aspects of the diagnostic process. For some purposes, the simple identification of Brucella is adequate (e.g. diagnosis of human brucellosis or contamination of food products). In these cases, a genus-specific PCR assay is sufficient. Genus-specific assays tend to be simple, robust, and somewhat permissive of environmental influences. The main genetic targets utilized for these applications are the Brucella BCSP31 gene and the 16S-23S rRNA operon. Other instances require identification of the Brucella species involved. For example, most government-sponsored brucellosis eradication programs include regulations that stipulate a species-specific response. For epidemiological trace back, strain-specific identification is helpful. Typically, differential PCR-based assays tend to be more complex and consequently more difficult to perform. Several strategies have been explored to differentiate among Brucella species and strains, including locus specific multiplexing (e.g. AMOS-PCR based on IS711), PCR-RFLP (e.g. the omp2 locus), arbitrary-primed PCR, and ERIC-PCR to name a few. This paper reviews some of the major advancements in molecular diagnostics for Brucella including the development of procedures designed for the direct analysis of a variety of clinical samples. While the progress to date is impressive, there is still room for improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betsy J Bricker
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, 2300 Dayton Road, Ames, IA 50010, USA.
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Navarro E, Escribano J, Fernández J, Solera J. Comparison of three different PCR methods for detection of Brucella spp in human blood samples. FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2002; 34:147-51. [PMID: 12381466 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.2002.tb00616.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the diagnosis of human brucellosis, PCR could be a more sensitive technique than blood cultures and more specific than conventional serological tests. We compared three different PCR methods for the detection of Brucella spp. and we studied whether human genomic DNA affect the sensitivity of three primer pairs for the detection of Brucella DNA in a peripheral-blood PCR assay. These three pairs of primers amplified three different fragments included in: (i). a gene encoding a 31-kDa Brucella abortus antigen (primers B4/B5), (ii). a sequence 16S rRNA of B. abortus (primers F4/R2), and (iii). a gene encoding an outer membrane protein (omp-2) (primers JPF/JPR). The three primers assayed showed a difference in sensitivity for detecting purified Brucella DNA, ranging between 8 fg and 20 pg. However, the sensitivity of the primers F4/R2 and B4/B5 was affected by the presence of human DNA while the primers JPF/JPR were not. Therefore, although the sensitivity of PCR using primers F4/R2 is affected by human DNA, they are still the most sensitive and they could provide a useful tool for the diagnosis of human brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Navarro
- Experimental Research Unit, Albacete General Hospital, c/Hermanos Falcó s/n, 02006, Albacete, Spain
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25
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Richtzenhain LJ, Cortez A, Heinemann MB, Soares RM, Sakamoto SM, Vasconcellos SA, Higa ZMM, Scarcelli E, Genovez ME. A multiplex PCR for the detection of Brucella spp. and Leptospira spp. DNA from aborted bovine fetuses. Vet Microbiol 2002; 87:139-47. [PMID: 12034542 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1135(02)00049-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bovine brucellosis and leptospirosis are important causes of bovine abortion around the world. Both diseases can be serologically diagnosed, but many factors may cause false positive and negative results. Direct methods based on bacteriological isolation are usually employed, but they are difficult, time consuming and dangerous. Monoplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) have been successfully described for the detection of Brucella spp. and Leptospira spp. Aiming at improvement in the direct diagnosis, a multiplex PCR (mPCR) for the detection of these agents in aborted bovine fetuses is described. The detection threshold of the mPCR was evaluated in experimentally contaminated bovine clinical samples using a conventional proteinase K/SDS or a boiling-based extraction protocols. The mPCR was applied to two groups of clinical samples: 63 episodes of bovine abortion and eight hamsters experimentally infected with Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona. Adopting microbiological isolation as reference, the test showed a sensitivity of 100% in both groups of clinical samples. Seven samples collected from bovine fetuses were Brucella spp. culture negative but showed positive results in mPCR. Regarding Leptospira spp. detection, similar results were observed in three bovine clinical samples. All hamsters infected with Leptospira were positive in both microbiological culture and mPCR. The boiling extraction protocol showed better results in some clinical samples, probably by the removal of PCR inhibitors by heat treatment. The high sensitivity, simplicity and the possibility of detection of both bacteria in a single tube reaction support the use of the mPCR described in the routine diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo José Richtzenhain
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, University of São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil.
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26
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Hamdy MER, Amin AS. Detection of Brucella species in the milk of infected cattle, sheep, goats and camels by PCR. Vet J 2002; 163:299-305. [PMID: 12090772 DOI: 10.1053/tvjl.2001.0681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
One hundred and three milk samples were collected from 52 cows, 21 ewes, 18 goats and 12 camels. The animals tested positive to at least one of the following: (1) standard tube agglutination test (SAT); (2) Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT); (3) milk ring test (MRT). All milk samples were examined by culture and single-step polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques for detection of Brucella species. The PCR assay amplified Brucella-DNA from 29 bovine milk samples, 10 from sheep, 13 from goats and one from a camel. The direct culture method detected Brucella organisms from 24 samples of cows' milk, 12 from sheep, 10 from goats and failed to detect any Brucella organisms from camels' milk. PCR detected up to 100 colony forming units (CFU) of B. abortus per millilitre of milk in 100% of diluted milk samples, and 1000 CFU of B. melitensis from 70% of milk samples. Although the overall sensitivity of the PCR was higher than the culture method, it should be possible to increase the sensitivity to detect lower numbers of Brucella organisms in field samples. The speed and sensitivity of the PCR assay suggest that this technique could be useful for detection of Brucella organisms in bovine milk, as well as in sheep, goat, and camels milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud E R Hamdy
- Department of Agricultural Development, Animal Health Affairs, Doha, State of Qatar, Egypt.
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27
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Bardenstein S, Mandelboim M, Ficht TA, Baum M, Banai M. Identification of the Brucella melitensis vaccine strain Rev.1 in animals and humans in Israel by PCR analysis of the PstI site polymorphism of its omp2 gene. J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40:1475-80. [PMID: 11923376 PMCID: PMC140367 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.40.2.1475-1480.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse effects of strain persistence and secretion in milk have been encountered with the Brucella melitensis vaccine strain Rev.1. Field isolates obtained from vaccinated animals and from a human resembled the vaccine strain Rev.1 by conventional bacteriological tests. The lack of a specific molecular marker that could specifically characterize the commercial vaccine strain prevented confirmation of the homology of the Rev.1-like field isolates to the vaccine strain. The composition of the omp2 locus from two gene copies with differences in their PstI restriction endonuclease sites was used to establish an epidemiologic fingerprint for the omp2 gene in the Rev.1 vaccine strain. Primers designed to amplify DNA sequences that overlap the PstI site revealed a single 282-bp DNA band common to all Brucella spp. Agarose gel electrophoresis of the PstI digests of the PCR products from strains 16M and the vaccine strain Rev.1 revealed a distinctive profile that included three bands: one band for the intact 282-bp fragment amplified from omp2a and two bands resulting from the digestion of the amplified omp2b gene fragment, 238- and 44-bp DNA fragments, respectively. Amplified fragments of 37 Rev.1-like isolates, including 2 human isolates, also exhibited this pattern. In contrast, DNA digests of all other Israeli field isolates, including atypical B. melitensis biotype 1 and representatives of the biotype 2 and 3 isolates, produced two bands of 238 and 44 bp, respectively, corresponding with the digestion of both omp2a and omp2b genes. This method facilitates identification of the Rev.1 vaccine strain in both animals and humans in Israel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Bardenstein
- Department of Bacteriology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
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28
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Cortez A, Scarcelli E, Soares RM, Heinemann MB, Sakamoto SM, Genovez ME, Ferreira F, Richtzenhain LJ. Detection of Brucella DNA from aborted bovine foetuses by polymerase chain reaction. Aust Vet J 2001; 79:500-1. [PMID: 11549051 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2001.tb13025.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Cortez
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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29
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Guarino A, Serpe L, Fusco G, Scaramuzzo A, Gallo P. Detection of Brucella species in buffalo whole blood by gene-specific PCR. Vet Rec 2000; 147:634-6. [PMID: 11128080 DOI: 10.1136/vr.147.22.634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Guarino
- Instituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Portici, NA, Italy
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30
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Cetinkaya B, Ongör H. Evaluation of immunocomb in comparison with other serological tests in ovine brucellosis. Vet Rec 2000; 147:632-4. [PMID: 11128079 DOI: 10.1136/vr.147.22.632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Cetinkaya
- Department of Microbiology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Firat, Elazig, Turkey
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31
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Leal-Klevezas DS, Martínez-Vázquez IO, García-Cantú J, López-Merino A, Martínez-Soriano JP. Use of polymerase chain reaction to detect Brucella abortus biovar 1 in infected goats. Vet Microbiol 2000; 75:91-7. [PMID: 10865155 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1135(00)00200-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to diagnose goat brucellosis and compare its sensitivity against some of the most commonly used serological and bacteriological techniques. Twenty two female and one male out of 300 clinically healthy, mixed-breed goats were randomly chosen from a ranch located at Marín, Nuevo León, Mexico. Milk and blood samples were taken from each animal and used to obtain both microbiological cultures and DNA of the pathogen, and sera was tested against Rose Bengal antigen (RBT). Results showed that 86% of the blood samples were positive on the PCR test, while 60% were positive on the serological test. The pathogen was isolated from only one blood culture. Sixty four percent of the milk samples were positive on PCR tests, but failed to yield bacteria in culture. Biochemical and PCR specific assay demonstrated that Brucella abortus biovar 1 was associated with the infection. This study demonstrates the higher sensitivity of PCR over RBT and blood culture and its potential towards a rapid identification of Brucella strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Leal-Klevezas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Sierra Mojada 800, Col. Independencia, 44340, Jal. , Guadalajara, Mexico
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32
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Cetinkaya B, Ongör H, Muz A, Ertas HB, Kalender H, Erdogan HM. Detection of Brucella species DNA in the stomach content of aborted sheep fetuses by PCR. Vet Rec 1999; 144:239-40. [PMID: 10189677 DOI: 10.1136/vr.144.9.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Cetinkaya
- FU Veteriner Fakültesi, Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dali, Elazig, Turkey
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33
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Da Costa M, Guillou JP, Garin-Bastuji B, Thiébaud M, Dubray G. Specificity of six gene sequences for the detection of the genus Brucella by DNA amplification. THE JOURNAL OF APPLIED BACTERIOLOGY 1996; 81:267-75. [PMID: 8810054 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1996.tb04328.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
DNA extracted from all Brucella species, reference and vaccine strains were amplified by PCR using primers specific for the genes encoding a 31-kDa Brucella protein, the heat shock proteins (DnaJ, DnaK, HtrA and GroEL) and 16S RNA. No difference was found between Brucella species and biovars with all primer pairs used, even after restriction enzyme analysis of the amplified fragments. The specificity of the amplified products was confirmed by hybridization with a digoxigenin 3'-labelled specific probe and by PCR using 98 non-Brucella micro-organisms' DNA. Only Ochrobactrum anthropi and Phyllobacterium spp. yielded a PCR product by using 31-kDa DnaK, DnaJ, GroEL and 16S RNA primers. After hybridization and restriction analysis, 16S RNA fragments of 3301 and 3331 O. anthropi strains showed a total similarity to those from Brucella. A similar result was shown with DnaJ fragments obtained with 3301 strain of O. anthropi after EcoRI digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Da Costa
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis, Centre National d'Etudes Vétérinaires et Alimentaires, Maisons-Alfort, France
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34
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Rijpens NP, Jannes G, Van Asbroeck M, Rossau R, Herman LM. Direct detection of Brucella spp. in raw milk by PCR and reverse hybridization with 16S-23S rRNA spacer probes. Appl Environ Microbiol 1996; 62:1683-8. [PMID: 8633866 PMCID: PMC167942 DOI: 10.1128/aem.62.5.1683-1688.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The 16S-23S rRNA spacer regions of Brucella abortus, B. melitensis, and B. suis were cloned and subcloned after PCR amplification. Sequence analysis of the inserts revealed a spacer of about 800 bp with very high ( > 99%) homology among the three species examined. Two genus-specific primer pairs, BRU-P5-BRU-P8 and BRU-P6-BRU-P7, that could be used in a nested PCR format and three genus-specific DNA probes, BRU-ICG2, BRU-ICG3, and BRU-ICG4, were deduced from this spacer. The specificity and sensitivity of both primer sets and probes were examined by testing them against a collection of 18 Brucella strains and 56 strains from other relevant taxa by using PCR and the Line Probe Assay (LiPA), respectively. A method for direct detection of Brucella spp. in 1 ml of raw milk was developed on the basis of enzymatic treatment of the milk components and subsequent PCR and LiPA hybridization. After a single PCR, sensitivities of 2.8 x 10(5) and 2.8 x 10(4) CFU/ml were obtained for detection by agarose gel electrophoresis and LiPA, respectively. Nested PCR yielded a sensitivity of 2.8 x 10(2) CFU/ml for both methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- N P Rijpens
- Government Dairy Research Station, Melle, Belgium
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35
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Leal-Klevezas DS, Martínez-Vázquez IO, López-Merino A, Martínez-Soriano JP. Single-step PCR for detection of Brucella spp. from blood and milk of infected animals. J Clin Microbiol 1995; 33:3087-90. [PMID: 8586678 PMCID: PMC228649 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.33.12.3087-3090.1995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A versatile method for the extraction of Brucella DNA and PCR are presented as reliable tools for the detection of Brucella spp. from body fluids of infected animals. Two oligonucleotides homologous to regions of the gene encoding for an outer membrane protein (omp-2) were designed to detect the pathogen from milk and/or blood of infected goats, bovines, and human patients. The sensitivity of our test and its ability to detect the pathogen in samples from the field reveal a promising advance in the diagnosis of brucellosis in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Leal-Klevezas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
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36
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Romero C, Pardo M, Grillo MJ, Diaz R, Blasco JM, Lopez-Goñi I. Evaluation of PCR and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on milk samples for diagnosis of brucellosis in dairy cattle. J Clin Microbiol 1995; 33:3198-200. [PMID: 8586702 PMCID: PMC228673 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.33.12.3198-3200.1995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A study was performed to evaluate the previously described PCR (C. Romero, C. Gamazo, M. Pardo, and I. López-Goñi, J. Clin. Microbiol. 33:615-617, 1995) for the diagnosis of brucellosis in dairy cattle. Milk samples from 56 Brucella milk culture-positive cattle and from 37 cattle from Brucella-free herds were examined for Brucella DNA by PCR and for specific antibodies by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The specificities of both tests were 100% when testing the milk samples from Brucella-free cattle. The milk samples from 49 infected cattle were positive by PCR (87.5% sensitivity), and 55 were positive by ELISA (98.2% sensitivity). A PCR-positive sample was negative by ELISA, and 7 ELISA-positive samples were PCR negative, yielding an observed proportion of agreement of 0.91 for the two tests. Although the results suggest that ELISA is a better screening test than PCR, the combined sensitivity of the two assays was 100%, and their simultaneous application could be more useful than one test alone for a rapid screening of brucellosis in dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Romero
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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37
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Abstract
A PCR assay with primers derived from the 16S rRNA sequence of Brucella abortus was developed. Nine different combinations between six primers were tested. One pair of primers, which amplified a 905-bp fragment, was selected. As little as 80 fg of Brucella DNA was detected by this method. DNAs from all of the representative strains of the species and biovars of Brucella and from 23 different Brucella isolates were analyzed and yielded exclusively the 905-bp fragment. No amplification was detected with DNAs from 10 strains phylogenetically related to Brucella spp., 5 gram-negative bacteria showing serological cross-reactions with Brucella spp., and 36 different clinical isolates of non-Brucella species. Only Ochrobactrum anthropi biotype D yielded a PCR product of 905 bp, suggesting a closer relationship between Brucella spp. and O. anthropi biotype D. The specificity and high sensitivity of the PCR assay may provide a valuable tool for the diagnosis of brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Romero
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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38
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Haines DM, Ellis JA. Special tests for the diagnosis of infectious causes of reproductive failure in ruminants. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract 1994; 10:561-85. [PMID: 7728637 DOI: 10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30539-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The detection of many infectious disease agents, including those of importance in ruminant reproductive failure, increasingly will be achieved through means other than the laborious and time-consuming traditional isolation and culture procedures. New diagnostic methodologies are designed both to enhance the rapidity with which results are obtained and to increase specificity and sensitivity of identification of the causative agent. Immunoenzyme histochemical staining of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues offers, especially in cases of abortions in which necropsy material routinely is examined histologically, an efficient and timely means of identifying many important pathogens. Antemortem serologic diagnostics will continue to be dominated by ELISA technologies. In the past decade, the specificity of serodiagnosis has been enhanced greatly by the use of monoclonal antibody-based competitive ELISA systems and further improvements in such methods will result from the use of defined antigens derived by recombinant DNA techniques. Although DNA hybridization technology has been applied successfully to detect many important veterinary pathogens and has been shown to have merit for improved diagnosis of some fastidious agents, those methods, because of their technical complexity, in general, have not been shown to be applicable for routine diagnostic uses. In contrast, methods using the PCR for specific gene amplification offer exceptional promise. Although the PCR presently is too technically exacting for routine use, its broad applicability and exquisite sensitivity and specificity suggest that it will play an ever-increasing role in future veterinary diagnostic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Haines
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon
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