1
|
Alyousef SM. Saudi Arabian Nurses' Motivations and Barriers to Employment in Inpatient Mental Health Facilities: A Qualitative Investigation. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2024:10783903241260734. [PMID: 38902999 DOI: 10.1177/10783903241260734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The shortage of inpatient psychiatric mental health care nurses in Saudi Arabia represents an important health care challenge. AIM The aim of this study was to illuminate perspectives of psychiatric mental health nurses employed in psychiatric inpatient settings about their employment experiences. METHOD This study adopted an exploratory qualitative approach using thematic content analysis. Ten professional nurses with psychiatric inpatient caring experience participated in two focus groups composed of Master of Nursing students. RESULTS Four main themes emerged: inadequate professional skills and knowledge for psychiatric mental health care practice, negative public attitudes toward psychiatric/mental health nurses, concerns for personal safety, and alternatives and advantages. The findings of this study suggest that nurses' lack of interest in working in psychiatric units is not merely personal but also social and organizational. CONCLUSIONS The study findings may encourage managers and authorities to develop measures to attract more mental health nurses to work in psychiatric units. Such strategies may include modification of nurses' skills, training, and professional knowledge, collegial supervision, mentoring, and working conditions and environment.
Collapse
|
2
|
Gerolamo AM, Delaney KR, Phoenix B, Black P, Rushton A, Stallings J. Psychiatric Nursing Workforce Survey: Results and Implications. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2024; 30:690-696. [PMID: 36582042 DOI: 10.1177/10783903221146190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The last national survey of psychiatric-mental health (PMH) nurses was conducted in 2016 and was limited to advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs). Data on the demographic and employment characteristics of the PMH workforce could inform how to optimize the PMH nursing workforce to address increasing demands for mental health services. The objective was to conduct a national survey of PMH registered nurses (RNs) and PMH-APRNs to gather data on their demographic, educational, and practice characteristics. METHODS An email survey was administered between October 2020 and February 2021 to all members of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association and to all PMH-APRNs certified by the American Nurses Credentialing Center. Separate surveys included 51 questions (RN) and 52 questions (APRN). Survey questions were informed by several sources including the Minimum Data Set for the Behavioral Health Workforce. RESULTS Surveys were completed by 4,088 PMH-RNs and 5,158 PMH-APRNs, with a combined response rate of 12.1%. Findings suggest that the workforce is aging but has increased slightly in diversity. In all, 62.4% of RNs reported a hospital as their primary employment setting, while the majority of APRNs (70.4%) practice in outpatient settings. Forty-four percent of the PMH-APRN respondents indicated that most of their patients receive federal insurance. CONCLUSIONS Nursing must plan for significant retirements in the PMH workforce in next 5 years. Hospital-based practice continues to dominate PMH-RN roles but might be expanded to community-based settings teaming with PMH-APRNs in outpatient sites. Increasing the diversity of the workforce should be prioritized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Gerolamo
- Angela M. Gerolamo, PhD, CRNP, PMHNP-BC, Jefferson College of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kathleen R Delaney
- Kathleen R. Delaney, PhD, PMHNP-BC, FAAN, Rush College of Nursing, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bethany Phoenix
- Bethany Phoenix, PhD, RN, FAAN, UCSF School of Nursing, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Patricia Black
- Patricia Black, PhD, RN, FAAN, APNA, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | - Amy Rushton
- Amy Rushton, DNP, PMHCNS-BC, HCA Healthcare, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Janette Stallings
- Janette Stallings, MA, MSN, APRN, PMHNP-BC, Thrive Mental Health, LLC, Bellevue, NE, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Finley BA, Shea KD, Gallagher SP, Taylor-Piliae R. Psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners experiencing therapeutic alliance while using tele-mental health: A phenomenological study. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2024; 49:56-66. [PMID: 38734456 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2024.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners have rapidly adopted and implemented tele-mental health in their practice; however it is unclear how this modality of care affects the experiential quality of therapeutic alliance, simply defined as the interpersonal working bond between provider and patient. OBJECTIVE This study is the first to explore how psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners experience therapeutic alliance while using tele-mental health. DESIGN Husserlian phenomenological qualitative study. PARTICIPANTS A purposive, convenience sample of 17 American psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners who engaged in tele-mental health care were recruited online and interviewed. METHODS Phenomenological interview transcripts recorded and later thematically coded in the qualitative software MaxQDA. RESULTS From 1426 individual codes, five major themes and 16 subthemes were discovered. Overall, themes illuminated that psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners could build therapeutic alliance over tele-mental health using inherent interpersonal skills that had to be adapted to the technology. Adaptions included working with patient environmental factors, individual patient considerations, provider ambivalence, and technological observation shifting awareness and communication patterns. CONCLUSIONS When adapting for the tele-mental health environment, psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners experienced building and sustaining therapeutic alliance with most patients. Unparalleled aspects of tele-mental health allowed for a fuller clinical picture and logistical convenience to see patients more often with ease for both the provider and patient. However, experiential aspects of therapeutic alliance created during in-person care could not be replaced with tele-mental health. In conclusion, participants concluded that a hybrid care model would enhance therapeutic alliance for most patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brooke A Finley
- Owner & Provider, Finley Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, PLLC, Canandaigua, NY, USA.
| | - Kimberly D Shea
- The University of Arizona College of Nursing, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Shawn P Gallagher
- The University of Arizona College of Nursing, Tucson, AZ, USA; International Society of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurses (ISPN), USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lykins AB, Seroka NW, Mayor M, Seng S, Higgins JT, Okoli CTC. Compassion Satisfaction, Burnout, and Secondary Traumatic Stress Among Nursing Staff at an Academic Medical Center: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2024; 30:63-73. [PMID: 34931579 DOI: 10.1177/10783903211066125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although several studies have recently described compassion satisfaction (CS), burnout (BO), and secondary traumatic stress (STS) in nurses, few to date have examined these issues across nursing specialties. Such examination is needed to inform future nursing-subspecialty tailored interventions. AIMS To examine (1) differences in CS, BO, and STS across nursing specialties and (2) differences associated with demographic, work-related, and behavioral factors among nurses. METHOD A secondary analysis of survey responses from nurses (N = 350) at an academic medical center. Demographic, behavioral, work-related, and professional quality of life variables were analyzed using hierarchical regression analyses. RESULTS CS, BO, and STS scores significantly varied across specialties with emergency nurses experiencing significantly elevated rates of BO and STS, and lowest rates of CS; scores were also differentially associated with demographic, work-related, behavioral, and workplace violence variables. CONCLUSIONS Key differences in CS, BO, and STS by nursing specialty suggests the importance of tailoring BO and STS mitigative interventions. BO and STS risk factors should be assessed in nurses (e.g., behavioral health problems and poor sleep quality) and specialty-specific interventions (e.g., reducing workplace violence exposure in emergency settings) may be considered to improve CS while reducing BO and STS among nurses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda B Lykins
- Amanda B. Lykins, DNP, RN, UK Healthcare, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | - Mark Mayor
- Mark Mayor, MSN, BSc, BA, RN, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Sarret Seng
- Sarret Seng, BSN, BA, RN, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Jacob T Higgins
- Jacob T. Higgins, PhD, BSN, RN, CCRN-K, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Chizimuzo T C Okoli
- Chizimuzo T. C. Okoli, PhD, MPH, MSN, APRN, PMHNP-BC, FAAN University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Owens RA, Houchins J, Nolan S, Smalling MM, Attia E, Fitzpatrick JJ. Feasibility of a 3-Minute Mindful Breathing Intervention for Enhancing Psychiatric Mental Health Nurses' Resilience During COVID: Findings From a 4-Week Pilot Study. Holist Nurs Pract 2024; 38:E1-E9. [PMID: 37966993 DOI: 10.1097/hnp.0000000000000628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
COVID created a perfect storm of conditions leading to excessive and prolonged stress on already vulnerable nurses. This study examines the feasibility of enhancing psychiatric mental health nurses' (PMHNs') resilience by practicing a 3-minute mindfulness-based intervention. In this pilot study, we explored if PMHNs could be recruited and retained for intervention implementation, intervention acceptability, and measurement of any notable changes over the prescribed period. Study feasibility is reflected in high participant retention and increased postintervention resilience scores. Given the positive outcomes, a larger-scale study is warranted. Additional areas of opportunity include strategies for increasing participant uptake, and, due to limited acceptability feedback, the introduction of a usefulness scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Owens
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York (Drs Owens and Attia); Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, New York (Dr Houchins); Providence, Los Angeles, California (Dr Nolan); New York State Office of Mental health, Albany (Ms Smalling); and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr Fitzpatrick)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Delaney KR. The Future of the Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Workforce: Using Our Skill Set to Address Incongruities in Mental Health Care Delivery. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2023; 44:933-943. [PMID: 37734065 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2023.2252498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The USA is dealing with well-documented issues around mental health and its treatment. The Psychiatric Mental Health (PMH) workforce is growing and practicing in a variety of roles within the mental health system. How will PMH nurses address instances when the structure of services does not meet the mental health needs of the population? In this piece, I argue that to some degree the future of the PMH workforce will be determined by how well we use our capacity and capabilities to address incongruities in service structure and population needs. Five areas of concern with mental health services are outlined; they all involve factors that can be addressed with innovative approaches and optimum utilization of the PMH workforce. Included are suggestions on how PMH nurses might direct efforts toward these service issues, particularly by using their skill set and presence in the mental health system. Strategies include forging a tighter connection between the work of advanced practice and registered nurses in delivering care. Broadly, these efforts should be directed at building models of patient-centered care that address the needs of populations, reducing disparities, and demonstrating how engagement is a critical lever of effective inpatient and community-based care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen R Delaney
- Department of Community Mental Health and Systems, Rush College of Nursing, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Machailo RM, Koen D, Matsipane M. Towards an Understanding of Successes of the Psychiatric Nurses in Caring for Children with Mental Health Problems: An Appreciative Inquiry. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1725. [PMID: 36767093 PMCID: PMC9914087 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Psychiatric nurses have a specialized body of knowledge and skills in providing care to persons with mental health challenges. The literature provides scanty evidence on child psychiatric nursing practices. This paper explored the successes of psychiatric nurses in caring for children with mental health problems using appreciative inquiry (AI). DESIGN A qualitative exploratory and descriptive design was used to allow for new ideas that can fundamentally reshape the practice of child psychiatric nursing. Purposive sampling was used to select psychiatric nurses caring for children with mental health problems. Focus groups were used to generate data. FINDINGS The results indicate both positive and negative prospects for psychiatric nursing practice. The positive possibilities included commitment, passion and dedication of staff to the children. The negative aspects that need urgent attention include lack of specific, integrated child mental health within the mental health care services, shortage of resources and not-fit-for purpose infrastructure. CONCLUSION Appreciative inquiry verified the commitment of psychiatric nurses in caring for children with mental health problems and the potential for dedicated child psychiatric institutions in realizing the needs of such children. The needs of children with mental health problems must be addressed through positive care in the health system.
Collapse
|
8
|
Kurashvili M, Reinhold K, Järvis M. Managing an ageing healthcare workforce: a systematic literature review. J Health Organ Manag 2022; ahead-of-print. [PMID: 36205415 DOI: 10.1108/jhom-11-2021-0411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this paper is to review research conducted on managing the ageing healthcare workforce and identify gaps for further research. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH A systematic literature search of studies in the English language was carried out in Scopus and Web of Science databases. FINDINGS The study consists of an analysis of 75 published articles. The majority of the papers were published in recent years, indicating a growing interest in the field. The authors specified the following inclusion criteria: all years, articles/reviews, English language and full text in the Web of Science and Scopus databases. The authors of the paper illustrated seven major categories with different topics that were suggested for future research. It included: challenges of labor market in the healthcare field, age-related changes and their influence on work ability, training opportunities and lifelong learning among ageing health workforce, motives of early retirement, ageing and its relationship to Occupational Health and Safety. Longitudinal studies and case study strategy with mixed-methods approaches were suggested for future research by the authors. ORIGINALITY/VALUE The paper summarizes knowledge related to the management of ageing health workforce, describes topics researched and as a result, presents findings on and conclusions about the most important future implications of the ageing workforce for management in the healthcare field providing lines for further research. To the authors' knowledge, no holistic systematic literature reviews have been published in academic journals targeted specifically to ageing healthcare workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mari Kurashvili
- Department of Business Administration, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Karin Reinhold
- Department of Business Administration, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Marina Järvis
- Department of Business Administration, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cai A, Mehrotra A, Germack HD, Busch AB, Huskamp HA, Barnett ML. Trends In Mental Health Care Delivery By Psychiatrists And Nurse Practitioners In Medicare, 2011-19. Health Aff (Millwood) 2022; 41:1222-1230. [PMID: 36067437 PMCID: PMC9769920 DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2022.00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The supply of psychiatrists in the United States is inadequate to address the unmet demand for mental health care. Psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs) may fill the widening gap between supply of and demand for mental health specialists with prescribing privileges. Using Medicare claims for a 100 percent sample of fee-for-service beneficiaries (average age, sixty-one years) who had an office visit for either a psychiatrist or a PMHNP during the period 2011-19, we examined how the supply and use of psychiatrists and PMHNPs changed over time, and we compared their practice patterns. Psychiatrists and PMHNPs treated roughly comparable patient populations with similar services and prescriptions. From 2011 to 2019 the number of PMHNPs treating Medicare beneficiaries grew 162 percent, compared with a 6 percent relative decrease in the number of psychiatrists doing so. During the same period, total annual mental health office visits per 100 beneficiaries decreased 11.5 percent from 27.4 to 24.2, the net result of a 29.0 percent drop in psychiatrist visits being offset by a 111.3 percent increase in PMHNP visits. The proportion of all mental health prescriber visits provided by PMHNPs increased from 12.5 percent to 29.8 percent during 2011-19, exceeding 50 percent in rural, full-scope-of-practice regions. PMHNPs are a rapidly growing workforce that may be instrumental in improving mental health care access.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arno Cai
- Arno Cai, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Hayley D Germack
- Hayley D. Germack, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li Y, Cimiotti JP, Evans KA, Clevenger CK. The characteristics and practice proficiency of nurse practitioners who care for older adults. Geriatr Nurs 2022; 46:213-217. [PMID: 35241307 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2022.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Roughly 54 million Americans are 65 years of age or older. Given the number of comorbid diseases reported in older adults, healthcare tailored to the specific needs of this population is imperative. Nurse practitioners (NPs) are uniquely positioned to provide care to older adults; yet little is known about the geriatric-oriented NP workforce. In this study, four professional organizations distributed a survey link to their members who were queried on their demographic, employment, and practice characteristics; one organization's members responded to a previous survey, providing two time points for comparison. Compared with 2016 respondents, there was minimal growth in diversity, fewer who practice in suburban or rural areas, and restrictions on clinical education related to the ongoing pandemic. The findings from this study should alert policymakers of the need to address the development of an adequate workforce of clinicians who specialize in geriatrics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Li
- Assistant Professor of Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jeannie P Cimiotti
- Associate Professor of Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road NE, Room 358, Atlanta, GA 30322-4027, USA
| | | | - Carolyn K Clevenger
- Associate Dean for Transformative Clinical Practice, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Choi HJ, Yang CM, Lee SY, Lee HJ, Jang SH. Mental Health and Quality of Life for Healthcare Workers in a University Hospital Under COVID-19. Psychiatry Investig 2022; 19:85-91. [PMID: 34915610 PMCID: PMC8898611 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2021.0307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the psychosocial characteristics of the employees working at a university hospital and investigated the factors affecting their quality of life (QOL) under COVID-19. METHODS This study enrolled 1,191 healthcare workers from a university hospital, including doctors, nurses, administrative officer and technicians. Besides demographic information, depression, anxiety, somatization, insomnia, resilience, and QOL were assessed. RESULTS The nurses presented significantly higher scores for anxiety, depression and showed significantly higher insomnia scores and significantly lower resilience scores. The occupations showed significant differences in the QOL and sub-groups, including the overall quality of life and general health (F=4.774, p<0.001), psychological domain (F=6.230, p<0.001), and environment domain (F=5.254, p<0.001). There was a positive correlation between the QOL and resilience (r=0.608, p<0.01). However, depression (r=-0.502, p<0.01), anxiety (r=-0.425, p<0.01), somatization (r=-0.364, p<0.01), and insomnia (r=-0.385, p<0.01) showed negative correlations with the QOL. Resilience was the most important factor influencing the QOL. CONCLUSION The results of this study showed that low resilience adversely affected the QOL and the mental health of the healthcare workers, which consequently had a direct effect on the quality of medical care given to patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Ji Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Mo Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yeol Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Lee
- Department of Public Health, Wonkwang University Graduate School, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Jang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
AANP Forum. J Nurse Pract 2021; 17:1052-1057. [PMID: 34803543 PMCID: PMC8596884 DOI: 10.1016/j.nurpra.2021.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
|
13
|
Bennett C. Improving mental health education in nursing school. Nursing 2021; 51:48-53. [PMID: 34463654 DOI: 10.1097/01.nurse.0000769868.09336.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Nurses are at the forefront of providing care to individuals with mental illness in various healthcare settings, yet the World Health Organization and others have found that many nurses are inadequately prepared to provide mental health care. This article discusses the nurse's role in providing care to individuals with mental illness and the importance of integrating more mental health education into undergraduate nursing curricula.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Bennett
- Courtney Bennett is an adult psychiatric mental health NP and family medical NP at East Mississippi State Hospital in Meridian, Miss., and a clinical adjunct instructor at the University of West Alabama in Livingston, Ala
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Odes R, Chapman S, Harrison R, Ackerman S, Hong O. Frequency of violence towards healthcare workers in the United States' inpatient psychiatric hospitals: A systematic review of literature. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2021; 30:27-46. [PMID: 33150644 DOI: 10.1111/inm.12812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this systematic review is to determine the frequency of violent or aggressive behaviour towards healthcare workers in inpatient psychiatric settings in the United States. To achieve this aim, five databases were searched to find English-language quantitative studies reporting prevalence or incidence data of violence or aggression directed towards staff members in inpatient psychiatric settings. No limitations were set based on publication date, and intervention studies were included only if baseline data were provided. Of 335 total studies found, 38 full-text articles were suitable for full-text analysis based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and 14 were included in the final review. Years of data collection ranged from 1986 to 2018, and a range of psychiatric facilities were represented, from small, private hospital units to large forensic institutions. Researchers utilized surveys, real-time incident reporting tools, and government databases, or a combination of strategies, to collect data related to workers' experiences on the job. Included research indicates that workplace violence in the U.S. inpatient psychiatric setting is a widespread problem, with 25-85% of survey respondents reporting an incident of physical aggression within the year prior to survey, and statewide workers' compensation findings indicating 2-7 claims due to assault per 100 000 employee hours. There are substantial differences between findings based on measurement strategy, making it difficult to arrive at a single estimate of prevalence nationally. As management of this persistent problem receives continued attention from stakeholders, it becomes increasingly important to define and measure the problem with the most appropriate tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Odes
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Susan Chapman
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Robert Harrison
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sara Ackerman
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - OiSaeng Hong
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Merwin EI. Psychiatric-mental health nursing workforce in 2018: Implications for the future. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2020; 34:317-324. [PMID: 33032752 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2020.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The workforce was examined using the 2018 National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses to determine supply characteristics and perspectives of psychiatric-mental health nurses. The study looked at the success in achieving some of the workforce related recommendations of the Future of Nursing. A strong foundation exists for increasing the contributions of psychiatric-mental health nursing to overcoming shortages of mental health professionals and to improving access to mental health care. More work needs to be done to remove regulatory barriers to promote practicing to the extent of knowledge, education and training. Overall, the psychiatric-mental health nursing workforce is primed for the future.
Collapse
|
16
|
Hauenstein EJ, Clark RS. Psychiatric nursing science: Current status and future prospect. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2020; 34:355-362. [PMID: 33032758 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachael S Clark
- Department of Psychological Science, Northern Kentucky University, MP 311, Highland Heights, KY 41099, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Alexander RK, Diefenbeck C, Graber JS. Psychiatric mental health nursing: Career choice and longevity of African American registered nurses. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2020; 34:337-344. [PMID: 33032755 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robbi K Alexander
- University of Delaware1, 301-A McDowell Hall, 25 N. College Ave., Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| | - Cynthia Diefenbeck
- Mid-Atlantic Behavioral Health, 910 S. Chapel St., Suite 102, Newark, DE 19713, USA.
| | - Jennifer S Graber
- University of Delaware, 307 McDowell Hall, 25 N. College Ave., Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tierney M, Finnell DS, Naegle M, Mitchell AM, Pace EM. "The Future of Nursing: Accelerating gains made to address the continuum of substance use". Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2020; 34:297-303. [PMID: 33032749 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Guided by four key messages from the decade-old Institute of Medicine (IOM) report, "The Future of Nursing," this paper highlights the progress made by the nursing profession in addressing substance use and its related disorders and offers recommendations to sustain and advance efforts to enhance care for persons who use substances, one of the most stigmatized and vulnerable populations. RESULTS Patterns of substance use have shifted over the past 10 years, but the associated harms remain consequential. As awareness of the continuum of substance use has expanded, the care of persons with substance use has also expanded, from the domains of psychiatric-mental health and addictions nursing specialties to the mainstream of nursing. Now, greater efforts are being undertaken to identify and intervene with persons at risk for and experiencing substance use disorders. Nurses have advanced the knowledge and skills necessary for substance-related nursing care including education and training, leadership, care innovations, and workforce expansion and can drive efforts to increase public knowledge about the health risks associated with substance use. Recommendations aligned with each of the four IOM key messages are offered. CONCLUSIONS As a profession, nursing has a responsibility to expand the progress made in addressing substance use - from prevention and early intervention to tertiary care. Nurses at all levels of education and practice are in key positions to carry out the recommendations herein to accelerate the changes needed to provide high quality care for persons impacted by substance use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Tierney
- University of California San Francisco School of Nursing, 2 Koret Way, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States of America.
| | - Deborah S Finnell
- Professor Emerita, Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, 525 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, United States of America.
| | - Madeline Naegle
- Professor Emerita, NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing, 433 First Avenue, New York, NY 10010, United States of America.
| | - Ann M Mitchell
- University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, 3500 Victoria Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States of America.
| | - Elizabeth M Pace
- Chief Executive Officer, Peer Assistance Services, Inc., 2170 S. Parker Road, Ste. 229, Denver, CO 80231, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To review the challenges and issues facing educators as they prepare the psychiatric-mental health (PMH) nursing workforce to meet the needs of future practice. METHODS: Based on the author's 40-plus-year career as an educator, clinician, and researcher, combined with a review of the literature, this article analyzes the current educational milieu for undergraduate, graduate, postgraduate, and continuing education of PMH nurses, including urgent educational priorities. It also offers recommendations to meet the needs of PMH nurses both in education and in clinical practice. RESULTS: PMH nursing education must evolve to provide nursing experiences in nontraditional as well as traditional clinical settings, and incorporate simulation and telehealth/digital/mobile platforms for delivery of content. Development of qualified faculty members and preceptors who represent the diversity of the American population must be addressed to adequately train PMH nurses to meet the demands of their future roles. Methods must also be created to define, teach, and evaluate PMH nurses' clinical competencies pre- and postclinical experiences. CONCLUSIONS: PMH nursing education must evolve and transform to attract, appropriately educate and prepare students for practice, and meet the growing need for qualified practitioners as well as faculty members and preceptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merrie J Kaas
- Merrie J. Kaas, PhD, APRN, PMHCNS-BC, FAAN, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Dilks ST. Successfully Navigating Uncharted Waters. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2020; 26:394-396. [PMID: 32527179 DOI: 10.1177/1078390320933578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sattaria Tari Dilks
- Sattaria "Tari" Dilks, DNP, APRN, PMHNP-BC, FAANP, American Psychiatric Nurses Association, Falls Church, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|