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Qi SY, Yang MM, Li CY, Yu K, Deng SL. The HPV viral regulatory mechanism of TLRs and the related treatments for HPV-associated cancers. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1407649. [PMID: 38812510 PMCID: PMC11133576 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1407649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) typically leads to cervical cancer, skin related cancers and many other tumors. HPV is mainly responsible for evading immune tumor monitoring in HPV related cancers. Toll like receptors (TLRs) are particular pattern recognition molecules. When the body is facing immune danger, it can lead to innate and direct adaptive immunity. TLR plays an important role in initiating antiviral immune responses. HPV can affect the expression level of TLR and interfere with TLR related signaling pathways, resulting in sustained viral infection and even carcinogenesis. This paper introduces the HPV virus and HPV related cancers. We discussed the present comprehension of TLR, its expression and signaling, as well as its role in HPV infection. We also provided a detailed introduction to immunotherapy methods for HPV related diseases based on TLR agonists. This will provide insights into methods that support the therapeutic method of HPV related conditions with TLR agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yu Qi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Miao-Miao Yang
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin, China
| | - Chong-Yang Li
- Institute of Animal Sciences (IAS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Kun Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shou-Long Deng
- National Center of Technology Innovation for animal model, National Health Commission of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Chambers DB, Ghosh S, Taher MS, Salopek TG. Incidence of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers in Alberta, Canada, From 2007 to 2018. J Cutan Med Surg 2024; 28:238-247. [PMID: 38374688 DOI: 10.1177/12034754241232677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common malignancy affecting Caucasian populations and has been seeing steady increases in incidence globally for decades. Our previous study (from Alberta, Canada) had shown a plateau in the incidence rates for NMSC. This contrasts with data from other regions within Canada and throughout the world that indicated a continued increase in incidence rates of NMSCs. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to provide an update on the trends in incidence of NMSC in Alberta, Canada, from 2007 to 2018. METHODS A retrospective analysis of patients from Alberta diagnosed with NMSC from 2007 to 2018 inclusive was conducted with data retrieved from Alberta Cancer Registry. Sex-, age-, anatomical location-, NMSC subtype-, stage-specific incidence rates and trends were examined. RESULTS From 2007 to 2018, overall incidence rates of NMSC increased by 36%. Invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and in situ SCC demonstrated the most significant increase, invasive SCC [annual percentage change (APC) 3.48, P = .014] and in situ SCC (APC 5.61, P = .0001). In addition, we were able to determine that females had the most significant increases in NMSC incidence rates from 2007 to 2018 particularly invasive SCC (APC 3.03, P = <.0001) and in situ SCC (APC 5.08, P = <.0001). CONCLUSIONS After initial levelling of NMSC incidence in Alberta in the early part of 21st century, the incidence of NMSC continues to increase over the past decade. The reasons for this change are not clear and likely multifactorial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B Chambers
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sunita Ghosh
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Muba S Taher
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Thomas G Salopek
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Koumprentziotis IA, Rompoti N, Liopyris K, Nicolaidou E, Stratigos A. Photodynamic Therapy for the Treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Dermatol Pract Concept 2024; 14:dpc.1402a105. [PMID: 38810046 PMCID: PMC11136039 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1402a105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer worldwide and has been reported to have a rising incidence in the last years. Multiple therapeutic modalities are approved for the treatment of BCC, making it difficult for physicians to choose the most suitable option for every patient. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using either 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) or methyl aminolevulinate (MAL) as photosensitizing agents is an established treatment option for low-risk BCC. OBJECTIVES This review aims to summarize the available evidence from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that utilize either ALA or MAL PDT and compare it with other treatment modalities. The main outcomes related to the effectiveness, adverse events, cosmetic outcomes and pain sensation, along with data from long-term follow-ups will be presented and discussed. METHODS Thorough literature searches were conducted through the electronic databases ClinicalTrials. gov and Pubmed/MEDLINE from inception up to 28 March 2023. Only studies in English were included. All relevant data were extracted accordingly from the eligible studies. RESULTS Eight RCTs included superficial BCC (sBCC) alone, 7 included nodular BCC (nBCC), 2 included both sBCC and nBCC and 1 included BCC of unspecified subtype. Follow-up duration ranged from 3 months to 5 years. Both ALA-PDT and MAL-PDT demonstrated acceptable efficacy, adverse events, cosmetic outcomes and pain sensation while no major differences were observed between them. PDT was less effective than surgery but with better reported cosmetic outcomes. CONCLUSIONS PDT is a safe and efficacious treatment option for sBCC and to a lesser extent nBCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis-Alexios Koumprentziotis
- 1 Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Natalia Rompoti
- 1 Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Liopyris
- 1 Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Electra Nicolaidou
- 1 Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexander Stratigos
- 1 Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Shoimer I, Kleiner O, Manion R, Dutz J, Philip A, Chan AW. Top 10 research priorities for basal cell carcinoma: results of the Skin Investigation Network of Canada Priority Setting Initiative. Br J Dermatol 2024; 190:276-277. [PMID: 38184850 PMCID: PMC10805524 DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljad391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The Skin Investigation Network of Canada (SkIN Canada) completed a national priority setting initiative to identify the top 10 knowledge uncertainties for BCC based on the James Lind Alliance principles. Overall, 91 patients, clinicians and researchers provided input in two survey rounds and one workshop. The top 10 list of research priorities will help the skin research community, funders and policymakers to address key knowledge uncertainties for the benefit of patients with BCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Shoimer
- University of Calgary, Division of Dermatology, Calgary, AB
| | - Omer Kleiner
- Skin Investigation Network of Canada (SkIN Canada), Toronto, ON
- Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, ON
| | - Rachael Manion
- Skin Investigation Network of Canada (SkIN Canada), Toronto, ON
- Canadian Skin Patient Alliance, Ottawa, ON
| | - Jan Dutz
- Skin Investigation Network of Canada (SkIN Canada), Toronto, ON
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, BC Children’s Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC
| | - Anie Philip
- Skin Investigation Network of Canada (SkIN Canada), Toronto, ON
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC
- Divisions of Plastic Surgery, Dermatology, and Experimental Medicine, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC
| | - An-Wen Chan
- Skin Investigation Network of Canada (SkIN Canada), Toronto, ON
- Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, ON
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Khalil AA, Enezei HH, Aldelaimi TN, Mohammed KA. Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma. J Craniofac Surg 2024:00001665-990000000-01294. [PMID: 38252534 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000009959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is one among the most prevalent malignant neoplasms that has exhibited a notable surge in global incidence over recent decades. This slow-growing malignancy is typified by its localized invasiveness while demonstrating an exceedingly rare metastatic proclivity. It predominantly afflicts the sun-exposed skin of aging individuals, with a heightened predilection for the maxillofacial region. Scraping cytology offers numerous benefits, including the potential for an earlier diagnosis and the absence of scarring, as opposed to a biopsy. The cytodiagnosis of BCC proves to be straightforward with various techniques, making it highly advantageous in an outpatient environment as a swift diagnostic method when planning a surgical excision. Our study sought to scrutinize the clinicopathological facets of BCC within the maxillofacial region. We compared advanced cytological techniques for diagnosis, including scraping, scratching, and imprinting using Papanicolau and Diff-Quick stains. In addition, we evaluated the therapeutic effectiveness of diode lasers operating at wavelengths of 940nm and 980n. A retrospective analysis was undertaken, encompassing facial BCC lesions smaller than 2.5 cm in diameter that underwent treatment through diode laser ablation between September 2021 and August 2023 at Ramadi Teaching Hospital and a private clinic in Ramadi City, Iraq. Among the cohort of 48 patients with BCC, a majority (58%) were 50 years of age or older, with a predominance of males (62%). The mean duration of lesion existence exceeded 4 months. The anatomical region most commonly involved was the middle 1/3 of the face, accounting for 34% of cases. Intriguingly, the therapeutic approach of diode laser ablation yielded exceptional esthetic and functional outcomes, which were consistently observed throughout the follow-up period post-healing. The occurrence of complications following diode laser ablation was relatively infrequent. This investigation revealed that cytological examination is easily conducted, eliminating the need for local anesthesia, saving time, being more cost-effective than a conventional biopsy, and delivering swift diagnoses. The process of smear-taking for cytology is well-tolerated, inflicting minimal trauma or discomfort on the patient. BCC predominantly afflicts elderly males and most frequently affects the middle third of the face. Notably, nodular BCC emerged as the prevailing histological subtype. The use of diode laser ablation exhibited a commendable track record, producing exemplary functional and esthetic outcomes over a 6-month follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrah A Khalil
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Oral and Maxillofacial Pathologist, College of Dentistry, University of Anbar
| | - Hamid H Enezei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, University of Anbar, Anbar Province, Iraq
| | - Tahrir N Aldelaimi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, University of Anbar, Anbar Province, Iraq
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Smith C, Fowler J, Ferreira L, Moore C. Robot-Assisted Nasal Reconstruction: A Cadaveric Study. J Craniofac Surg 2023; 34:1343-1346. [PMID: 36913619 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000009272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Manual contouring of cartilage for nasal reconstruction is tedious and time-consuming. The use of a robot could improve the speed and precision of the contouring process. This cadaveric study evaluates the efficiency and accuracy of a robot methodology for contouring the lower lateral cartilage of the nasal tip. METHODS An augmented robot with a spherical burring tool attached was utilized to carve 11 cadaveric rib cartilage specimens. In phase 1, the right lower lateral cartilage was harvested from a cadaveric specimen and used to define a carving path for each rib specimen. In phase 2, the cartilage remained in situ during the scanning and 3-dimensional modeling. The final carved specimens were compared with the preoperative plans through topographical accuracy analysis. The contouring times of the specimens were compared with 14 retrospectively reviewed cases (2017-2020) by an experienced surgeon. RESULTS Phase 1 root mean square error of 0.40±0.15 mm and mean absolute deviation of 0.33±0.13 mm. Phase 2 root mean square error of 0.43 mm and mean absolute deviation of 0.28 mm. The average carving time for the robot specimens was 14±3 minutes and 16 minutes for Phase 1 and Phase 2, respectively. The average manual carving by an experienced surgeon was 22±4 minutes. CONCLUSIONS Robot-assisted nasal reconstruction is very precise and more efficient than manual contouring. This technique represents an exciting and innovative alternative for complex nasal reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey Smith
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, The University of Western Ontario
| | - James Fowler
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Louis Ferreira
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, The University of Western Ontario
| | - Corey Moore
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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Slot N, Tenkate T, Forsman-Phillips L, Arrandale VH, Kalia S, Holness DL, Peters CE. Barriers and Facilitators in the Creation of a Surveillance System for Solar Radiation-Induced Skin Cancers. New Solut 2023; 33:7-24. [PMID: 37083551 DOI: 10.1177/10482911231165975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Outdoor workers are exposed to many hazards, including solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Identifying, reporting, analyzing and tracking the exposures or health outcomes of outdoor workers have not generally been formally considered. This article aims to summarize the best practices/strategies for creating an occupational sun exposure or skin cancer surveillance system for outdoor workers and to understand the key barriers and facilitators to the development of such a system. For the design of a successful occupational safety and health (OSH) surveillance system five occupational surveillance strategies are summarized: exposure registry, disease registry, disease screening/medical surveillance, sentinel event surveillance, and disease surveillance via data linkage. Ten key considerations are identified, including identifying a clear goal, a defined target population and stakeholder involvement, five critical barriers are highlighted including underreporting and funding, and five vital facilitators are recognized including communication/collaboration and a simple reporting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Slot
- Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Thomas Tenkate
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Victoria H Arrandale
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sunil Kalia
- Dermatology and Skin Science, The University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Photomedicine Institute and Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Departments of Cancer Control, BC Cancer and Division of Dermatology, BC Children's Hospital, Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - D Linn Holness
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine and MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cheryl E Peters
- CAREX Canada, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Department of Community Health Sciences and Preventive Oncology, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- BC Centre for Disease Control & BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia
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Drucker AM, Hollestein L, Na Y, Weinstock MA, Li WQ, Abdel-Qadir H, Chan AW. Association between antihypertensive medications and risk of skin cancer in people older than 65 years: a population-based study. CMAJ 2021; 193:E508-E516. [PMID: 33846199 PMCID: PMC8087333 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.201971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The risk of skin cancer associated with antihypertensive medication use is unclear, although thiazides have been implicated in regulatory safety warnings. We aimed to assess whether use of thiazides and other antihypertensives is associated with increased rates of keratinocyte carcinoma and melanoma. METHODS: We conducted a population-based inception cohort study using linked administrative health data from Ontario, 1998–2017. We matched adults aged ≥ 66 years with a first prescription for an antihypertensive medication (thiazides, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers, β-blockers) by age and sex to 2 unexposed adults who were prescribed a non-antihypertensive medication within 30 days of the index date. We evaluated each antihypertensive class in a separate cohort study. Our primary exposure was the cumulative dose within each class, standardized according to the World Health Organization’s Defined Daily Dose. Outcomes were time to first keratinocyte carcinoma, advanced keratinocyte carcinoma and melanoma. RESULTS: The inception cohorts included a total of 302 634 adults prescribed an antihypertensive medication and 605 268 unexposed adults. Increasing thiazide exposure was associated with an increased rate of incident keratinocyte carcinoma (adjusted hazard ratios [HRs] per 1 Defined Annual Dose unit 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03–1.14), advanced keratinocyte carcinoma (adjusted HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.93–1.23) and melanoma (adjusted HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.01–1.78). We found no consistent evidence of association between other antihypertensive classes and keratinocyte carcinoma or melanoma. INTERPRETATION: Higher cumulative exposure to thiazides was associated with increased rates of incident skin cancer in people aged 66 years and older. Consideration of other antihypertensive treatments in patients at high risk of skin cancer may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Drucker
- Divisions of Dermatology (Drucker, Chan) and Cardiology (Abdel-Qadir), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Department of Medicine and Women's College Research Institute (Drucker, Abdel-Qadir, Chan), Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Dermatology (Drucker, Weinstock, Li), Brown University, Providence, RI; Erasmus MC Cancer Institute (Hollestein), Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Research (Hollestein), Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Center (IKNL), Utrecht, The Netherlands; ICES Central (Drucker, Abdel-Qadir) and ICES University of Toronto (Na, Chan), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Cancer Epidemiology (Li), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, China
| | - Loes Hollestein
- Divisions of Dermatology (Drucker, Chan) and Cardiology (Abdel-Qadir), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Department of Medicine and Women's College Research Institute (Drucker, Abdel-Qadir, Chan), Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Dermatology (Drucker, Weinstock, Li), Brown University, Providence, RI; Erasmus MC Cancer Institute (Hollestein), Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Research (Hollestein), Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Center (IKNL), Utrecht, The Netherlands; ICES Central (Drucker, Abdel-Qadir) and ICES University of Toronto (Na, Chan), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Cancer Epidemiology (Li), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, China
| | - Yingbo Na
- Divisions of Dermatology (Drucker, Chan) and Cardiology (Abdel-Qadir), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Department of Medicine and Women's College Research Institute (Drucker, Abdel-Qadir, Chan), Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Dermatology (Drucker, Weinstock, Li), Brown University, Providence, RI; Erasmus MC Cancer Institute (Hollestein), Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Research (Hollestein), Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Center (IKNL), Utrecht, The Netherlands; ICES Central (Drucker, Abdel-Qadir) and ICES University of Toronto (Na, Chan), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Cancer Epidemiology (Li), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, China
| | - Martin A Weinstock
- Divisions of Dermatology (Drucker, Chan) and Cardiology (Abdel-Qadir), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Department of Medicine and Women's College Research Institute (Drucker, Abdel-Qadir, Chan), Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Dermatology (Drucker, Weinstock, Li), Brown University, Providence, RI; Erasmus MC Cancer Institute (Hollestein), Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Research (Hollestein), Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Center (IKNL), Utrecht, The Netherlands; ICES Central (Drucker, Abdel-Qadir) and ICES University of Toronto (Na, Chan), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Cancer Epidemiology (Li), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, China
| | - Wen-Qing Li
- Divisions of Dermatology (Drucker, Chan) and Cardiology (Abdel-Qadir), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Department of Medicine and Women's College Research Institute (Drucker, Abdel-Qadir, Chan), Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Dermatology (Drucker, Weinstock, Li), Brown University, Providence, RI; Erasmus MC Cancer Institute (Hollestein), Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Research (Hollestein), Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Center (IKNL), Utrecht, The Netherlands; ICES Central (Drucker, Abdel-Qadir) and ICES University of Toronto (Na, Chan), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Cancer Epidemiology (Li), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, China
| | - Husam Abdel-Qadir
- Divisions of Dermatology (Drucker, Chan) and Cardiology (Abdel-Qadir), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Department of Medicine and Women's College Research Institute (Drucker, Abdel-Qadir, Chan), Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Dermatology (Drucker, Weinstock, Li), Brown University, Providence, RI; Erasmus MC Cancer Institute (Hollestein), Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Research (Hollestein), Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Center (IKNL), Utrecht, The Netherlands; ICES Central (Drucker, Abdel-Qadir) and ICES University of Toronto (Na, Chan), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Cancer Epidemiology (Li), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, China
| | - An-Wen Chan
- Divisions of Dermatology (Drucker, Chan) and Cardiology (Abdel-Qadir), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Department of Medicine and Women's College Research Institute (Drucker, Abdel-Qadir, Chan), Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Department of Dermatology (Drucker, Weinstock, Li), Brown University, Providence, RI; Erasmus MC Cancer Institute (Hollestein), Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Research (Hollestein), Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Center (IKNL), Utrecht, The Netherlands; ICES Central (Drucker, Abdel-Qadir) and ICES University of Toronto (Na, Chan), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Cancer Epidemiology (Li), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, China
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Rydz E, Harper A, Leong B, Arrandale VH, Kalia S, Forsman-Phillips L, Holness DL, Tenkate T, Peters CE. Sun Protection Use at Work and Leisure by Outdoor Workers in Alberta, Canada. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:e138-e144. [PMID: 33395172 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence and determinants of sun protection behaviours among outdoors workers at work and leisure in Alberta, Canada. METHODS We collected outdoor workers' demographics, skin cancer risk factors, job information, and sun habits at work and leisure using self-completed questionnaires. For both settings, we compared use of specific behaviours and modelled determinants of sun protection behaviour scores. RESULTS At work, wearing a sleeved shirt (81% often/always) and hat (73%) were most prevalent, while seeking shade (12%) and applying sunscreen (36%) were least prevalent. Workers had higher sun protection scores at work than leisure. Hours spent outdoors was a strong determinant for both models. Additional leisure model predictors were eye colour, sex, skin type, and job group. CONCLUSIONS Differences in behaviours across settings were observed and should be considered when developing solar UVR exposure reduction initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ela Rydz
- CAREX Canada, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Ms Rydz, Ms Forsman-Phillips, Dr Peters); Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Control Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada (Mr Harper, Mr Leong, Dr Peters); Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (Dr Arrandale, Dr Holness); Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Ontario Health, Toronto, ON, Canada (Dr Arrandale); Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Dr Kalia); Photomedicine Institute and Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Dr Kalia); Departments of Cancer Control, BC Cancer, and Division of Dermatology, BC Children's Hospital, Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC, Canada (Dr Kalia); Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (Dr Holness); Department of Medicine and MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada (Dr Holness); School of Occupational and Public Health, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada (Dr Tenkate); Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Health Sciences Centre - Foothills Campus, Calgary, AB, Canada (Dr Peters)
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary aim of treatment of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the complete excision of the tumor. Reconstruction of the defect after surgical excision varies, depending on the location and size of the defect and the skin to be used in the reconstruction. In this study, investigators compared the rates of tumor positivity at the edges of BCC specimens excised with 3- or 5-mm surgical margins. METHODS Researchers analyzed data related to 113 patients with a preliminary diagnosis of BCC between August 2016 and June 2018. In total, 99 lesions from 91 patients not exceeding 2 cm in size excised with 3-mm (n = 53) or 5-mm (n = 46) surgical margins were included. Statistical analysis was performed using the χ test. RESULTS After histopathologic assessment, 3 of 53 lesions that were excised with 3-mm surgical margins had a positive surgical margin, whereas none of the 46 lesions excised with 5-mm margins indicated a positive tumor presence. However, there was no statistical difference between the groups. CONCLUSIONS A 3-mm surgical margin may be sufficient and safe for BCC excision.
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Gao K, Hu D, Wang S, Ding Y, Sheng P, Xue P, Jiang W, Chen K, Qiao H. Application of cerium phosphate in preparing anti-ultraviolet PET fibers with masterbatch method. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02324-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Rydz E, Harper A, Leong B, Arrandale VH, Kalia S, Forsman-Phillips L, Holness DL, Tenkate T, Peters CE. Solar ultraviolet radiation exposure among outdoor workers in Alberta, Canada. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 189:109902. [PMID: 32980002 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outdoor workers are at risk of prolonged and high solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure, which is known to cause skin cancer. The objectives of this study were to characterize the UVR exposure levels of outdoor workers in Alberta, Canada, and to investigate what factors may contribute to their exposure. METHODS This study collected objective solar UVR measurements from outdoor workers primarily in Alberta during the summer of 2019. Workers were recruited via the management or health and safety teams from building trade unions and employers. Calibrated, electronic UVR dosimeters were worn by workers on their hardhats, wrists, or lapels for five working days. Data on workers' demographics, jobs, sun protection behaviors, and personal risk factors were collected using questionnaires, and meteorological data for each sampling day were noted. Mean daily exposure measured as the standard erythemal dose (SED) was calculated and compared to the international occupational exposure limit guideline (1.3 SED). Marginal models were developed to evaluate potential determinants of occupational solar UVR exposure. RESULTS In total, 883 measurements were collected from 179 workers. On average, workerswere exposed to 1.93 SED (range: 0.03-16.63 SED) per day. Just under half of workers (45%) were exposed to levels exceeding the international exposure limit guideline. In the bivariate analyses, landscape and maintenance workers, as well as trade and recreation workers, had the highest levels of exposure (average: 2.64 and 1.84 SED, respectively). Regional variations were observed, with the "other" cities/regions (outside of Edmonton and Calgary) experiencing the highest average levels (2.60 SED). Workers who placed the dosimeters on their hardhats experienced higher levels compared to the other groups. Exposure was highest on sunny and mixed days. Education, trade, city, dosimeter placement, forecast, hair colour, and number of hours outside were included in the final exposure model, of which trade, dosimeter placement, forecast, and number of hours outside at work were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to elevated solar UVR levels is common among outdoor workers in Alberta. The study findings can help inform future monitoring studies and exposure reduction initiatives aimed at protecting workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ela Rydz
- CAREX Canada, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Andrew Harper
- Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Brandon Leong
- Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Victoria H Arrandale
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sunil Kalia
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Photomedicine Institute and Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Cancer Control, BC Cancer, and Division of Dermatology, BC Children's Hospital, Provincial Health Services Authority, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Dorothy Linn Holness
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine and MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Thomas Tenkate
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cheryl E Peters
- CAREX Canada, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Health Sciences Centre - Foothills Campus, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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Kalia S, Kwong YKK. Relationship between sun safety behaviours and modifiable lifestyle cancer risk factors and vitamin D levels. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2019; 35:429-435. [DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kalia
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science and Photomedicine Institute University of British Columbia & Vancouver Coastal Health Vancouver BC Canada
- Cancer Control Research Department BC Cancer Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Yue Kay Kali Kwong
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science and Photomedicine Institute University of British Columbia & Vancouver Coastal Health Vancouver BC Canada
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14
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Burden of non-melanoma skin cancer attributable to occupational sun exposure in Canada. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2019; 92:1151-1157. [DOI: 10.1007/s00420-019-01454-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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15
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Kakpovbia E, Feng H, Feng PW, Cohen JM. Antibiotic prescribing trends among US dermatologists in Medicare from 2013 to 2016. J DERMATOL TREAT 2019; 32:70-72. [PMID: 31122085 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2019.1623372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Antibiotics are commonly used in dermatology for infectious and inflammatory diseases, and dermatologists prescribe the most antibiotics per physician of any specialist in the United States (US). While oral antibiotics are effective for many conditions, adverse effects and increase in resistance are important public health issues. The purpose of this study is to examine trends in oral antibiotic prescription by US dermatologists using Medicare claims.Materials and Methods: Retrospective review using publicly available Medicare Part D prescriber public use files from 2013 to 2016.Results: The number of dermatologists within the Medicare system increased from 10,210 to 10,749. The proportion of prescriptions by dermatologists that were oral antibiotics increased from 10.0% to 10.7% (p = .023). The use of oral antibiotics increased 10.1% (2.9 claims per 1,000 beneficiaries) from 28.7 to 31.6 claims per 1,000 beneficiaries. There were more oral antibiotic prescriptions in the South than in other regions. Doxycycline was the most commonly prescribed antibiotic each year in all regions.Conclusions: Between 2013 and 2016, the number of oral antibiotics prescribed by dermatologists has increased among Medicare patients. Dermatologists must continue to reevaluate antibiotic prescription practices, particularly among the elderly population, in order to provide optimal care to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efe Kakpovbia
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hao Feng
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paula W Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Cohen
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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16
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Lucas RM, Yazar S, Young AR, Norval M, de Gruijl FR, Takizawa Y, Rhodes LE, Sinclair CA, Neale RE. Human health in relation to exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation under changing stratospheric ozone and climate. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:641-680. [PMID: 30810559 DOI: 10.1039/c8pp90060d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Montreal Protocol has limited increases in the UV-B (280-315 nm) radiation reaching the Earth's surface as a result of depletion of stratospheric ozone. Nevertheless, the incidence of skin cancers continues to increase in most light-skinned populations, probably due mainly to risky sun exposure behaviour. In locations with strong sun protection programs of long duration, incidence is now reducing in younger age groups. Changes in the epidemiology of UV-induced eye diseases are less clear, due to a lack of data. Exposure to UV radiation plays a role in the development of cataracts, pterygium and possibly age-related macular degeneration; these are major causes of visual impairment world-wide. Photodermatoses and phototoxic reactions to drugs are not uncommon; management of the latter includes recognition of the risks by the prescribing physician. Exposure to UV radiation has benefits for health through the production of vitamin D in the skin and modulation of immune function. The latter has benefits for skin diseases such as psoriasis and possibly for systemic autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis. The health risks of sun exposure can be mitigated through appropriate sun protection, such as clothing with both good UV-blocking characteristics and adequate skin coverage, sunglasses, shade, and sunscreen. New sunscreen preparations provide protection against a broader spectrum of solar radiation, but it is not clear that this has benefits for health. Gaps in knowledge make it difficult to derive evidence-based sun protection advice that balances the risks and benefits of sun exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Lucas
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. and Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - S Yazar
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia and MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - M Norval
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - F R de Gruijl
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Y Takizawa
- Akita University School of Medicine, National Institute for Minamata Disease, Nakadai, Itabashiku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - L E Rhodes
- Centre for Dermatology Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, The University of Manchester and Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | | | - R E Neale
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Herston, Brisbane, Australia and School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Australia
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17
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Zhang T, Lee TK, Lui H, Kunimoto B, Han C, Zhou Y, Kalia S. Algorithms for ascertaining keratinocyte carcinomas using health insurance claims and prescription records. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33:e275-e276. [PMID: 30762901 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Zhang
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Photomedicine Institute, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - T K Lee
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Photomedicine Institute, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Cancer Control Research Program and Integrative Oncology - BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - H Lui
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Photomedicine Institute, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Cancer Control Research Program and Integrative Oncology - BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - B Kunimoto
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - C Han
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Y Zhou
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S Kalia
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Photomedicine Institute, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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18
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Cameron MC, Lee E, Hibler BP, Barker CA, Mori S, Cordova M, Nehal KS, Rossi AM. Basal cell carcinoma: Epidemiology; pathophysiology; clinical and histological subtypes; and disease associations. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019; 80:303-317. [PMID: 29782900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
As the most common human cancer worldwide and continuing to increase in incidence, basal cell carcinoma is associated with significant morbidity and cost. Continued advances in research have refined both our insight and approach to this seemingly ubiquitous disease. This 2-part continuing medical education article will provide a comprehensive and contemporary review of basal cell carcinoma. The first article in this series describes our current understanding of this disease regarding epidemiology, cost, clinical and histopathologic presentations, carcinogenesis, natural history, and disease associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Cameron
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Erica Lee
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Brian P Hibler
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Christopher A Barker
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Shoko Mori
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Miguel Cordova
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kishwer S Nehal
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Anthony M Rossi
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
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19
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Heaton H, Lawrence N. Nonmelanoma skin cancer in women. Int J Womens Dermatol 2018; 5:2-7. [PMID: 30809571 PMCID: PMC6374707 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Men continue to develop nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) at higher rates than women, but the epidemiologic pattern of NMSC development is evolving. We present a selective, narrative review of the literature showing that there is a trend toward a development of basal cell carcinomas in women at younger ages, and highlight potential causes of this trend. We review evidence that indoor tanning is associated with the development of NMSC and show that young women use indoor tanning more than any other age-sex group. We discuss societal factors that relate to the tanning behavior of young women. Finally, we argue that facial NMSCs may have more of a negative impact on quality of life in women than in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Heaton
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
- Corresponding author.
| | - N. Lawrence
- Division of Dermatology, Cooper University Hospital Medical Center, Marlton, New Jersey
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20
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Schmitt J, Haufe E, Trautmann F, Schulze HJ, Elsner P, Drexler H, Bauer A, Letzel S, John S, Fartasch M, Brüning T, Seidler A, Dugas-Breit S, Gina M, Weistenhöfer W, Bachmann K, Bruhn I, Lang B, Bonness S, Allam J, Grobe W, Stange T, Westerhausen S, Knuschke P, Wittlich M, Diepgen T. Is ultraviolet exposure acquired at work the most important risk factor for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma? Results of the population-based case-control study FB-181. Br J Dermatol 2018; 178:462-472. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Schmitt
- Center of Evidence-based Healthcare; Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus; University Hospital; Technical University Dresden; Germany
- Institute and Outpatient Clinics of Occupational and Social Medicine; Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus; Technical University Dresden; Germany
| | - E. Haufe
- Center of Evidence-based Healthcare; Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus; University Hospital; Technical University Dresden; Germany
- Institute and Outpatient Clinics of Occupational and Social Medicine; Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus; Technical University Dresden; Germany
| | - F. Trautmann
- Center of Evidence-based Healthcare; Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus; University Hospital; Technical University Dresden; Germany
| | - H.-J. Schulze
- Department of Dermatology; Dermatological Radiotherapy and Dermatohistopathology; Special Clinics Hornheide; Münster Germany
| | - P. Elsner
- Department of Dermatology; University Hospital Jena; Jena Germany
| | - H. Drexler
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine; Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg; Nuernberg Germany
| | - A. Bauer
- Department of Dermatology - University Allergy Center; Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus; Technical University Dresden; Germany
| | - S. Letzel
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine; Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz; Mainz Germany
| | - S.M. John
- Department of Dermatology; Environmental Health and Health Theory; University of Osnabrueck; Osnabrueck Germany
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm); University of Osnabrück; Osnabrück Germany
| | - M. Fartasch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (DGUV); Institute of Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA); Bochum Germany
| | - T. Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (DGUV); Institute of Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA); Bochum Germany
| | - A. Seidler
- Institute and Outpatient Clinics of Occupational and Social Medicine; Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus; Technical University Dresden; Germany
| | - S. Dugas-Breit
- Department of Dermatology; Dermatological Radiotherapy and Dermatohistopathology; Special Clinics Hornheide; Münster Germany
| | - M. Gina
- Department of Dermatology; University Hospital Jena; Jena Germany
| | - W. Weistenhöfer
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine; Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg; Nuernberg Germany
| | - K. Bachmann
- Department of Clinical Social Medicine; Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; University of Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - I. Bruhn
- Department of Dermatology - University Allergy Center; Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus; Technical University Dresden; Germany
| | - B.M. Lang
- Department of Dermatology; University Medical Center; Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz; Germany
| | - S. Bonness
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm); University of Osnabrück; Osnabrück Germany
- Employer's Liability Insurance Association Clinics Hamburg; Hamburg Germany
| | - J.P. Allam
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; University Bonn; Bonn Germany
| | - W. Grobe
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy; University Bonn; Bonn Germany
| | - T. Stange
- Center of Evidence-based Healthcare; Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus; University Hospital; Technical University Dresden; Germany
| | - S. Westerhausen
- Department of Radiation; Institute of Occupational Health and Safety of the German Social Accident Insurance (DGUV); Sankt Augustin Germany
| | - P. Knuschke
- Department of Dermatology - Experimental Photobiology; University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus; Technical University Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - M. Wittlich
- Department of Radiation; Institute of Occupational Health and Safety of the German Social Accident Insurance (DGUV); Sankt Augustin Germany
| | - T.L. Diepgen
- Department of Clinical Social Medicine; Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; University of Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
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22
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Devine C, Srinivasan B, Sayan A, Ilankovan V. Epidemiology of basal cell carcinoma: a 10-year comparative study. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 56:101-106. [PMID: 29254873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a slow-growing and locally aggressive skin cancer. Despite its high incidence, good quality epidemiological data are sparse. We therefore organised a retrospective study of two separate years' incidence of BCC in one county within the United Kingdom (Dorset) with an interval of 10 years between them. There were 2455 patients in 2006, and 3797 in 2016, who had a new diagnosis with corresponding crude incidences of 459.99 and 491.92/100,000 person-years. The male:female ratio was 1:071 for both years. The head and neck was the most common site, with the cheek, nose, and forehead being the most common subsites. This is a substantial increase in the incidence of BCC, and is much higher than previous reported rates for the UK. More stringent local and national registries are required to monitor the increasing numbers of BCC and help health care systems to plan preventive strategies and provide the most effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Devine
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Poole Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom.
| | - B Srinivasan
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Poole Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - A Sayan
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Poole Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - V Ilankovan
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Poole Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
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23
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Guo L, Han Y. Surgery combined with local 5-aminolevulinic acid-photodynamic therapy on skin cancer and its effect on the expression of cyclophilin A, cyclophilin B and CD147. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1449-1454. [PMID: 28789363 PMCID: PMC5529990 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The study evaluated an approach to treat skin cancer using surgery combined with local 5-aminolevulinic acid-photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT). Seventy-six patients with skin cancer who were admitted to the Liaocheng People's Hospital from May 2014 to April 2015 were randomly divided into a control and an observation group (38 cases in each). The patients in the control group were treated with ALA-PDT alone. Those in the observation group were first subjected to surgical treatment, and then treated with ALA-PDT. The treatment efficacies of the two groups were compared. The expression of cancer markers CyPA, CyPB and CD147 were detected by immunohistochemical methods before and after the treatment. Our results showed the average healing time of the wounds of patients in the observation group was shorter, the number of treatments needed was less, the efficacy rate and the lesion appearance satisfaction were significantly higher, and the recurrence rate at 12 months after treatment and the incidence of adverse reactions were both significantly lower. Additionally, the levels of CyPA, CyPB and CD147 were reduced to a significantly higher degree after treatment in the observation group. No difference was found in the recurrence rate between the two groups at 6 months after treatment. We conclude that surgery combined with ALA-PDT is a safe and reliable treatment method, which can increase the survival rate while improving the recovery rate and appearance satisfaction in patients with skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
| | - Yingsheng Han
- Department of Dermatology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, P.R. China
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24
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Environmental effects of ozone depletion and its interactions with climate change: Progress report, 2016. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2017; 16:107-145. [PMID: 28124708 PMCID: PMC6400464 DOI: 10.1039/c7pp90001e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Parties to the Montreal Protocol are informed by three Panels of experts. One of these is the Environmental Effects Assessment Panel (EEAP), which deals with two focal issues. The first focus is the effects of UV radiation on human health, animals, plants, biogeochemistry, air quality, and materials. The second focus is on interactions between UV radiation and global climate change and how these may affect humans and the environment. When considering the effects of climate change, it has become clear that processes resulting in changes in stratospheric ozone are more complex than previously believed. As a result of this, human health and environmental issues will be longer-lasting and more regionally variable. Like the other Panels, the EEAP produces a detailed report every four years; the most recent was published as a series of seven papers in 2015 (Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 2015, 14, 1-184). In the years in between, the EEAP produces less detailed and shorter Progress Reports of the relevant scientific findings. The most recent of these was for 2015 (Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 2016, 15, 141-147). The present Progress Report for 2016 assesses some of the highlights and new insights with regard to the interactive nature of the direct and indirect effects of UV radiation, atmospheric processes, and climate change. The more detailed Quadrennial Assessment will be made available in 2018.
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Caini S, Cattaruzza MS, Bendinelli B, Tosti G, Masala G, Gnagnarella P, Assedi M, Stanganelli I, Palli D, Gandini S. Coffee, tea and caffeine intake and the risk of non-melanoma skin cancer: a review of the literature and meta-analysis. Eur J Nutr 2016; 56:1-12. [PMID: 27388462 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1253-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Laboratory studies suggested that caffeine and other nutrients contained in coffee and tea may protect against non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). However, epidemiological studies conducted so far have produced conflicting results. METHODS We performed a literature review and meta-analysis of observational studies published until February 2016 that investigated the association between coffee and tea intake and NMSC risk. We calculated summary relative risk (SRR) and corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) by using random effects with maximum likelihood estimation. RESULTS Overall, 37,627 NMSC cases from 13 papers were available for analysis. Intake of caffeinated coffee was inversely associated with NMSC risk (SRR for those in the highest vs. lowest category of intake: 0.82, 95 % CI 0.75-0.89, I 2 = 48 %), as well as intake of caffeine (SRR 0.86, 95 % CI 0.80-0.91, I 2 = 48 %). In subgroup analysis, these associations were limited to the basal cell cancer (BCC) histotype. There was no association between intake of decaffeinated coffee (SRR 1.01, 95 % CI 0.85-1.21, I 2 = 0) and tea (0.88, 95 % CI 0.72-1.07, I 2 = 0 %) and NMSC risk. There was no evidence of publication bias affecting the results. The available evidence was not sufficient to draw conclusions on the association between green tea intake and NMSC risk. CONCLUSIONS Coffee intake appears to exert a moderate protective effect against BCC development, probably through the biological effect of caffeine. However, the observational nature of studies included, subject to bias and confounding, suggests taking with caution these results that should be verified in randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saverio Caini
- Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Via delle Oblate 2, 50139, Florence, Italy.
| | - Maria Sofia Cattaruzza
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Policlinico Umberto I, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Benedetta Bendinelli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Via delle Oblate 2, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulio Tosti
- Division of Dermatoncological Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Via delle Oblate 2, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Patrizia Gnagnarella
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Melania Assedi
- Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Via delle Oblate 2, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Ignazio Stanganelli
- Skin Cancer Unit, Scientific Institute of Romagna for the Study and Treatment of Cancer, IRCSS, IRST, Meldola, Italy
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPO), Via delle Oblate 2, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Gandini
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
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