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Loreaux F, Jéhannin P, Le Pabic E, Paillard F, Le Faucheur A, Mahe G. An unfavorable dietary pattern is associated with symptomatic peripheral artery disease. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:2173-2181. [PMID: 39003132 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Diet has an essential role in primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention by modulating various cardiovascular risk factors. The need to have easily useable tools seems essential to facilitate the daily practice of clinicians in order to propose the most optimal management of their patients' diet. The aim of this study was to compare the diet assessed with a simple food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) between patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease (PAD) and healthy subjects. MATERIALS AND RESULTS In this ancillary study (ELECTRO-PAD study), we included symptomatic PAD patients and healthy participants. All participants filled a FFQ previously validated called Cardiovascular-Dietary-Questionnaire 2 (CDQ-2). CDQ-2 allows the calculation of different scores: global food score, saturated fatty acids score (SFA), unsaturated fatty acids score (UFA), fruit and vegetable score. The higher the score, the better the diet. We compared the different scores between PAD patients and healthy participants. We included 37 PAD patients and 40 healthy subjects. Mean global score was significantly lower in PAD patients compared to the healthy participants (5.35 ± 7.65 vs 10.60 ± 5.81; p = 0.0011). Similarly, the sub-scores concerning unsaturated fatty acids and fruits-vegetables were significantly lower in PAD patients (p < 0.010). Only the sub-score concerning saturated fatty acids was not significantly different (p = 0.8803) between PAD patients and healthy participants. CONCLUSION CDQ-2 highlights that PAD patients have an unfavorable diet compared with healthy participants. CDQ-2 is a tool of interest to help the clinicians for dietary advice of PAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Estelle Le Pabic
- CHU Rennes, Inserm, CIC 1414 (Clinical Investigation Center), F-35000 Rennes, France
| | | | | | - Guillaume Mahe
- Vascular Medicine Unit, CHU Rennes, France; CHU Rennes, Inserm, CIC 1414 (Clinical Investigation Center), F-35000 Rennes, France; Centre de Cardio-prévention, CHU Rennes, France; Univ Rennes 1, Rennes, France.
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2
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Liu Y, Wei R, Tan Z, Chen G, Xu T, Liu Z, Xiong H, Chen C, Zhuang Y. Association between dietary fiber intake and peripheral artery disease in hypertensive patients. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2024; 43:118. [PMID: 39123259 PMCID: PMC11311912 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-024-00610-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present, no studies explored whether dietary fiber intake was associated with the risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD) in hypertensive patients. This study assessed the association between dietary fiber intake and PAD in hypertensive patients. METHODS This cross-sectional study collected the data of 4628 participants with the measurement of ankle-brachial pressure index in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys database. Univariate logistic regression analysis was applied to identify variables associated with PAD as confounding factors. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to explore the association between dietary fiber intake and PAD in hypertensive patients. Subgroup analysis was stratified by age, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, diabetes, smoking, and physical activity. RESULTS After adjusting for confounding factors, decreased risk of PAD was observed in hypertensive patients with dietary fiber intake > 21 g [odds ratio (OR) = 0.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.46-0.99]. Compared with people with dietary fiber intake ≤ 21 g, those with dietary fiber intake > 21 g were associated with decreased risk of PAD in hypertensive patients < 60 years (OR = 0.23, 95%CI 0.08-0.66). In hypertensive patients without dyslipidemia, dietary fiber intake > 21 g were associated with reduced risk of PAD (OR = 0.33, 95%CI 0.12-0.95). Decreased risk of PAD was also found in hypertensive patients without diabetes in dietary fiber intake > 21 g group (OR = 0.50, 95%CI 0.31-0.78). Dietary fiber intake > 21 g was linked with reduced risk of PAD in hypertensive patients in never smoke group (OR = 0.46, 95%CI 0.24-0.86). CONCLUSION Higher dietary fiber intake was associated with reduced risk of PAD in hypertensive patients, suggesting the importance of increase the daily dietary quality especially fiber intake in hypertensive people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot and Microvascular Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruihong Wei
- Department of Hand and Foot and Microvascular Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhouyong Tan
- Department of Hand and Foot and Microvascular Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Gaoyang Chen
- Department of Hand and Foot and Microvascular Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Hand and Foot and Microvascular Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaokang Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot and Microvascular Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongtao Xiong
- Department of Hand and Foot and Microvascular Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Hand and Foot and Microvascular Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongqing Zhuang
- Department of Hand and Foot and Microvascular Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
- Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
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Acosta S, Fatemi S, Zarrouk M, Gottsäter A. Novel Plasma Biomarkers Associated with Future Peripheral Atherosclerotic Disease and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm-Insights from Contemporary Prospective Studies from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study. Biomolecules 2024; 14:844. [PMID: 39062558 PMCID: PMC11275106 DOI: 10.3390/biom14070844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The potential utility of inflammatory and hemodynamic plasma biomarkers for the prediction of incident lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD), carotid artery stenosis (CAS), isolated atherosclerotic disease without concomitant abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), and isolated AAA without concomitant atherosclerotic disease has not yet been integrated in clinical practice. The main objective of this prospective study was to find predictive plasma biomarkers for cardiovascular disease and to evaluate differences in plasma biomarker profiles between asymptomatic and symptomatic CAS, as well as between isolated atherosclerotic disease and isolated AAA. METHODS Blood samples collected at baseline from participants in the prospective Malmö Diet and Cancer study (MDCS) cardiovascular cohort (n = 5550 middle-aged individuals; baseline 1991-1994) were used for plasma biomarker analysis. Validation of each incident cardiovascular diagnosis was performed by random sampling. Cox regression analysis was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) per one standard deviation increment of each respective log-transformed plasma biomarker with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS Adjusted lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) activity (HR 1.33; CI 1.17-1.52) and mass (HR 1.20; CI 1.05-1.37), C-reactive protein (CRP) (HR 1.55; CI 1.36-1.76), copeptin (HR 1.46; CI 1.19-1.80), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (N-BNP) (HR 1.28; 1.11-1.48), and cystatin C (HR 1.19; 95% 1.10-1.29) were associated with incident symptomatic LEAD. Adjusted N-BNP (HR 1.59; CI 1.20-2.11), mid-regional proadrenomedullin (HR 1.40; CI 1.13-1.73), cystatin C (HR 1.21; CI 1.02-1.43), and CRP (HR 1.53; CI 1.13-1.73) were associated with incident symptomatic but not asymptomatic CAS. Adjusted HR was higher for Lp-PLA2 (mass) for incident isolated AAA compared to for isolated atherosclerotic disease. CONCLUSIONS Plasma biomarker profile data support that subclinical vascular inflammation and cardiovascular stress seem to be relevant for the development of atherosclerotic disease and AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Acosta
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 20213 Malmö, Sweden; (S.F.); (M.Z.); (A.G.)
- Vascular Centre, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Ruth Lundskogsgata 10, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Shahab Fatemi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 20213 Malmö, Sweden; (S.F.); (M.Z.); (A.G.)
- Vascular Centre, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Ruth Lundskogsgata 10, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Moncef Zarrouk
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 20213 Malmö, Sweden; (S.F.); (M.Z.); (A.G.)
- Vascular Centre, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Ruth Lundskogsgata 10, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anders Gottsäter
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 20213 Malmö, Sweden; (S.F.); (M.Z.); (A.G.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
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Krittanawong C, Escobar J, Virk HUH, Alam M, Virani S, Lavie CJ, Narayan KMV, Sharma R. Lifestyle Approach and Medical Therapy of Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease. Am J Med 2024; 137:202-209. [PMID: 37980970 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2023.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) is common among patients with several risk factors, such as elderly, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Notably, PAD is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular complications. Non-invasive interventions are beneficial to improve morbidity and mortality among patients with PAD. Traditional risk factors like smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia play a significant role in the development of PAD. Still, additional factors such as mental health, glycemic control, diet, exercise, obesity management, lipid-lowering therapy, and antiplatelet therapy have emerged as important considerations. Managing these factors can help improve outcomes and reduce complications in PAD patients. Antiplatelet therapy with aspirin or clopidogrel is recommended in PAD patients, with clopidogrel showing more significant benefits in symptomatic PAD individuals. Managing several risk factors is crucial for improving outcomes and reducing complications in patients with PAD. Further research is also needed to explore the potential benefits of novel therapies. Ultimately, a comprehensive approach to PAD management is essential for improving morbidity and mortality among patients with this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johao Escobar
- Division of Cardiology, Harlem Cardiology, New York, NY
| | - Hafeez Ul Hassan Virk
- Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Salim Virani
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Carl J Lavie
- John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School, The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, La
| | - K M Venkat Narayan
- Emory Global Diabetes Research Center, Woodruff Health Sciences Center and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Raman Sharma
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute and the Marie-Josée Henry R. Kravis Cardiovascular Health Center, Icahn School of Medicine at the Mount Sinai Hospital, Mount Sinai Heart, New York, NY
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Taylor RM, Haslam RL, Herbert J, Whatnall MC, Trijsburg L, de Vries JHM, Josefsson MS, Koochek A, Nowicka P, Neuman N, Clarke ED, Burrows TL, Collins CE. Diet quality and cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Nutr Diet 2024; 81:35-50. [PMID: 38129766 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate relationships between diet quality and cardiovascular outcomes. METHODS Six databases were searched for studies published between January 2007 and October 2021. Eligible studies included cohort studies that assessed the relationship between a priori diet quality and cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity in adults. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Checklist was used to assess the risk of bias. Study characteristics and outcomes were extracted from eligible studies using standardised processes. Data were summarised using risk ratios for cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality with difference compared for highest versus lowest diet quality synthesised in meta-analyses using a random effects model. RESULTS Of the 4780 studies identified, 159 studies (n = 6 272 676 adults) were included. Meta-analyses identified a significantly lower cardiovascular disease incidence (n = 42 studies, relative risk 0.83, 95% CI 0.82-0.84, p < 0.001) and mortality risk (n = 49 studies, relative risk 0.83, 95% CI 0.82-0.84, p < 0.001) among those with highest versus lowest diet quality. In sensitivity analyses of a high number of pooled studies (≥13 studies) the Mediterranean style diet patterns and adherence to the heart healthy diet guidelines were significantly associated with a risk reduction of 15% and 14% for cardiovascular disease incidence and 17% and 20% for cardiovascular disease mortality respectively (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Higher diet quality is associated with lower incidence and risk of mortality for cardiovascular disease however, significant study heterogeneity was identified for these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael M Taylor
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebecca L Haslam
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jaimee Herbert
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Megan C Whatnall
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Laura Trijsburg
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanne H M de Vries
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Afsaneh Koochek
- Department of Food studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Paulina Nowicka
- Department of Food studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nicklas Neuman
- Department of Food studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erin D Clarke
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tracy L Burrows
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Clare E Collins
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
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6
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Shen Y, Yuan Q, Shi M, Luo B. Higher insoluble fiber intake is associated with a lower risk of prostate cancer: results from the PLCO cohort. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:234. [PMID: 38243202 PMCID: PMC10799495 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17768-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies regarding the relationship between fiber intake and prostate cancer (PCa) have conflicting results. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between fiber intake and the risk of PCa by using data from Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. A total of 54,336 participants in the United States, consisting of 6,414 patients with PCa, were included in this study. Multivariate Cox regression models were applied to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Compared with individuals in the lowest quartile, individuals in the highest quartile of insoluble fiber intake had a significantly lower risk of PCa (aHR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.78-0.98). By contrast, no significant associations were detected between total fiber intake (aHR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.80-1.01) or soluble fiber intake (aHR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.80-1.02). Subgroup analyses showed that insoluble fiber was related to a decreased risk of PCa in subjects with the following characteristics: age > 65 years, nonsmoking or former smokers, education level ≤ high school, non-Hispanic white ethnicity, or without a family history of PCa. In addition, significant combined effects of insoluble fiber intake, age and family history of PCa on the risk of PCa were observed, but no combined effects of smoking status and insoluble fiber intake were observed. In addition, total fiber, insoluble fiber, and soluble fiber intake had no influence on the mortality of PCa patients. These results show that all 3 measures of fiber suggest a protective association, but insoluble fiber may have a stronger association with the risk of PCa. Future studies are warranted to further investigate these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shen
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing, University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Qinbo Yuan
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi Fifth Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, China
| | - Minhong Shi
- Department of Medical Prevention, Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nantong, 226007, China
| | - Banxin Luo
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210000, China.
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You Y, Wang Z, Yin Z, Bao Q, Lei S, Yu J, Xie X. Global disease burden and its attributable risk factors of peripheral arterial disease. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19898. [PMID: 37963985 PMCID: PMC10645774 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47028-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a prevalent subtype of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. It is crucial to assess the PAD-related burden and its attributable risk factors. We use the Global Burden of Disease study 2019 database to calculate the incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), attributable risk factors and estimated annual percentage change. The disease burden of PAD grows significantly with age accompanied by prominent heterogeneity between male and female. Despite the increase in the absolute numbers of disease burden from 1990 to 2019, the global PAD-related age-standardized death rate (ASDR) and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years rate (ASDALYR) have a mild downward trend from 1990 to 2019, which negatively correlated with sociodemographic index (SDI). Smoking and high systolic blood pressure (SBP) were the primary attributable risk factors for males (ASDR: 33.4%; ASDALYR: 43.4%) and females (ASDR: 25.3%; ASDALYR: 27.6%), respectively. High fasting plasma glucose (FPG) had become the second risk factor for ASDR (males: 28.5%; females: 25.2%) and ASDALYR (males: 29.3%; females: 26.3%) with an upward tendency. Low-middle SDI regions were predicted to have the most remarkable upward trend of PAD-related burden caused by high FPG. Smoking caused more disease burden in males before 85-90 years old and females before 65-70 years old, while high FPG and high SBP caused more burden after that. The patterns of PAD-related burden and its attributable risk factors are heterogeneous across ages, genders, and SDI regions. To reduce disease burden, tailored strategies should be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayu You
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
- International Institutes of Medicine, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Zhehui Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qinyi Bao
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuxin Lei
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaye Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaojie Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
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8
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Ricci H, Gaeta M, Franchi C, Poli A, Battino M, Dolci A, Schmid D, Ricci C. Fish Intake in Relation to Fatal and Non-Fatal Cardiovascular Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies. Nutrients 2023; 15:4539. [PMID: 37960192 PMCID: PMC10647504 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that eating fish significantly reduces cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality. However, more focused meta-analyses based on the most recent results from prospective cohort studies are needed. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to update the association between fish intake and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk using recent prospective studies. A systematic review and meta-analysis following the PRISMA guideline was conducted based on a random effects synthesis of multivariable-adjusted relative risks (RRs) of high vs. low categories of fish intake in relation to CVD incidence and mortality. Non-linear meta-regression was applied to investigate the shape of the association between fish intake and CVD risk. Sensitivity analysis and stratifications by type of CVD outcome, type of fish intake and type of cooking were performed. Based on 18 papers reporting 17 independent estimates of CVD risk (1,442,407 participants and 78,805 fatal and non-fatal CVD events), high vs. low intake of fish corresponded to about 8% reduced CVD risk (RR = 0.93 [0.88-0.98]). According to a non-linear dose-response meta-regression, 50 g of fish intake per day corresponded to a statistically significant 9% reduced fatal and non-fatal CVD risk (RR = 0.92 [0.90-0.95]). Similarly, fish intake in the range of a weekly intake of two to three portions of fish with a size of 150 g resulted in 8% fatal and non-fatal CVD risk reduction (RR = 0.93 [0.91-0.96]). The recommended two portions of fish a week reduces the risk of CVD outcomes by approximately 10%. A full portion of fish a day reduces CVD risk by up to 30%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Ricci
- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research (AUTHeR), North-West University, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa
| | - Maddalena Gaeta
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Carlotta Franchi
- Laboratory of Pharmacoepidemiology and Human Nutrition, Department of Health Policy, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy;
- Italian Institute for Planetary Health (IIPH), 20124 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Poli
- Nutrition Foundation of Italy (NFI), 20124 Milan, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Alberto Dolci
- Sustainable Development Department, Bolton Food SpA, 20124 Milan, Italy;
| | - Daniela Schmid
- Division for Quantitative Methods in Public Health and Health Services Research, Private University of Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, 6060 Hall, Austria;
| | - Cristian Ricci
- Africa Unit for Transdisciplinary Health Research (AUTHeR), North-West University, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa
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9
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Foussard N, Dari L, Ducasse E, Rigalleau V, Mohammedi K, Caradu C. Lower-limb peripheral arterial disease and amputations in people with diabetes: Risk factors, prognostic value and management. Presse Med 2023; 52:104164. [PMID: 36863662 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2023.104164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lower-limb peripheral arterial disease (PAD), is a common manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis, resulting from a partial or complete obstruction of at least one lower-limb arteries. PAD is a major endemic disease with an excess risk of major cardiovascular events and death. It also leads to disability, high rates of lower-limb adverse events and non-traumatic amputation. In patients with diabetes, PAD is particularly frequent and has a worse prognosis than in patients without diabetes. The risk factors of PAD are comparable to those for cardiovascular disease. The ankle-brachial index is usually recommended to screen PAD despite its limited performance in patients with diabetes, affected by the presence of peripheral neuropathy, medial arterial calcification, incompressible arteries and infection. Toe brachial index and toe pressure emerge as alternative screening tools. The management of PAD requires strict control of cardiovascular risk factors including diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidaemia, the use of antiplatelet agents and lifestyle management, to reduce cardiovascular adverse events, but few randomized controlled trials have evaluated the benefits of these treatments in PAD. Several advances have been achieved in endovascular and surgical revascularization procedures, with obvious improvement in PAD prognosis. Further studies are required to increase our understanding of the pathophysiology of PAD and to evaluate the interest of different therapeutic strategies in the occurrence and progression of PAD in patients with diabetes. Here, we present a narrative and contemporary review to synthesize the key epidemiology findings, screening and diagnosis methods, and major therapeutic advances regarding PAD in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninon Foussard
- Bordeaux University Hospital, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Pessac, France; University of Bordeaux, Faculty of Medicine, Bordeaux, France; INSERM unit 1034, Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pessac, France
| | - Loubna Dari
- University of Bordeaux, Faculty of Medicine, Bordeaux, France; Bordeaux University Hospital, Hôpital Saint-André, Vascular Medicine Department, Bordeaux, France
| | - Eric Ducasse
- University of Bordeaux, Faculty of Medicine, Bordeaux, France; INSERM unit 1034, Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pessac, France; Bordeaux University Hospital, Department of Vascular Surgery, Bordeaux, France
| | - Vincent Rigalleau
- Bordeaux University Hospital, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Pessac, France; University of Bordeaux, Faculty of Medicine, Bordeaux, France
| | - Kamel Mohammedi
- Bordeaux University Hospital, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Pessac, France; University of Bordeaux, Faculty of Medicine, Bordeaux, France; INSERM unit 1034, Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pessac, France.
| | - Caroline Caradu
- Bordeaux University Hospital, Department of Vascular Surgery, Bordeaux, France
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10
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Lin S, Lin R, Zhang H, Xu Q, He Y. Peripheral vascular remodeling during ischemia. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1078047. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1078047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
About 230 million people worldwide suffer from peripheral arterial disease (PAD), and the prevalence is increasing year by year. Multiple risk factors, including smoking, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension, can contribute to the development of PAD. PAD is typically characterized by intermittent claudication and resting pain, and there is a risk of severe limb ischemia, leading to major adverse limb events, such as amputation. Currently, a major progress in the research field of the pathogenesis of vascular remodeling, including atherosclerosis and neointima hyperplasia has been made. For example, the molecular mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction and smooth muscle phenotype switching have been described. Interestingly, a series of focused studies on fibroblasts of the vessel wall has demonstrated their impact on smooth muscle proliferation and even endothelial function via cell-cell communications. In this review, we aim to focus on the functional changes of peripheral arterial cells and the mechanisms of the pathogenesis of PAD. At the same time, we summarize the progress of the current clinical treatment and potential therapeutic methods for PAD and shine a light on future perspectives.
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11
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Cecchini AL, Biscetti F, Rando MM, Nardella E, Pecorini G, Eraso LH, Dimuzio PJ, Gasbarrini A, Massetti M, Flex A. Dietary Risk Factors and Eating Behaviors in Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:10814. [PMID: 36142725 PMCID: PMC9504787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary risk factors play a fundamental role in the prevention and progression of atherosclerosis and PAD (Peripheral Arterial Disease). The impact of nutrition, however, defined as the process of taking in food and using it for growth, metabolism and repair, remains undefined with regard to PAD. This article describes the interplay between nutrition and the development/progression of PAD. We reviewed 688 articles, including key articles, narrative and systematic reviews, meta-analyses and clinical studies. We analyzed the interaction between nutrition and PAD predictors, and subsequently created four descriptive tables to summarize the relationship between PAD, dietary risk factors and outcomes. We comprehensively reviewed the role of well-studied diets (Mediterranean, vegetarian/vegan, low-carbohydrate ketogenic and intermittent fasting diet) and prevalent eating behaviors (emotional and binge eating, night eating and sleeping disorders, anorexia, bulimia, skipping meals, home cooking and fast/ultra-processed food consumption) on the traditional risk factors of PAD. Moreover, we analyzed the interplay between PAD and nutritional status, nutrients, dietary patterns and eating habits. Dietary patterns and eating disorders affect the development and progression of PAD, as well as its disabling complications including major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and major adverse limb events (MALE). Nutrition and dietary risk factor modification are important targets to reduce the risk of PAD as well as the subsequent development of MACE and MALE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Leonardo Cecchini
- Internal Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Biscetti
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Margherita Rando
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Nardella
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pecorini
- Internal Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Luis H. Eraso
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Paul J. Dimuzio
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Internal Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Massetti
- Internal Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Flex
- Internal Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
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12
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Kwon YJ, Lee HS, Park G, Kim HM, Lee JW. Association of Dietary Fiber Intake with All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: A 10-Year Prospective Cohort Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153089. [PMID: 35956265 PMCID: PMC9370192 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although previous studies have established that dietary fiber (DF) intake reduces the total cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in general populations, limited studies have been conducted in individuals with pre-existing chronic conditions, especially in Asian countries. We aimed to investigate the association of DF intake with all-cause and CVD mortality in the general population and in the subpopulation with hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. We examined the relationship between DF intake and all-cause and CVD mortality using the Korean genome and epidemiology study. Diet was assessed using a food-frequency questionnaire at baseline. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) after adjusting for confounders. During the mean 10.1 years of follow-up, higher DF intake was significantly associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality after adjusting for confounders (HR and 95% CIs for Q5 vs. Q1: 0.84 (0.76−0.93); p < 0.001). DF intake was inversely associated with a lower risk of CVD mortality after adjusting for the same confounders (HR and 95% CIs for Q5 vs. Q1: 0.61 (0.47−0.78); p < 0.001). Total DF intake was inversely associated with all-cause and CVD mortality in middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Kwon
- Department of Family Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 16995, Korea;
| | - Hye-Sun Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Department of Research Affairs, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03277, Korea;
| | - Goeun Park
- Biomedical Statistics Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea;
| | - Hyung-Mi Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Dongduck Women’s University, Seoul 02748, Korea;
| | - Ji-Won Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Correspondence:
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13
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Zhang H, Lin Z, Chen J, Gan D, Zhou H, Ma Z, Zeng X, Xue Y, Wang X, Zhan Q, Zeng Q, Xu D. Association Between Dietary Fiber Intake and Heart Failure Among Adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2018. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:893436. [PMID: 35656403 PMCID: PMC9152016 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.893436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveTo explore the association between dietary fiber and heart failure (HF).MethodsData were collected from the 2009–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Dietary fiber intake data were obtained from two 24-h dietary recall interviews. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were used to explore the association of dietary intakes of total, cereal, fruit, and vegetable fiber with HF prevalence.ResultsA total of 21869 adults were included in this study. After adjusting for multiple confounding factors, the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for HF was 0.49 (0.28 to 0.87, P for trend = 0.016) for the highest tertile versus lowest tertile of total fiber intake. Similar results were observed for cereal but not fruit and vegetable fiber intake. Dose-response analysis indicated that dietary intake of total and cereal fiber were inversely associated with HF in a linear manner.ConclusionIntakes of total and cereal fiber were inversely associated with HF in adults.
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14
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Yuan S, Bruzelius M, Damrauer SM, Håkansson N, Wolk A, Åkesson A, Larsson SC. Anti-Inflammatory Diet and Incident Peripheral Artery Disease: Two Prospective Cohort Studies. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:1191-1196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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15
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Diet and Nutrition in Peripheral Artery Disease: A Systematic Review. Can J Cardiol 2022; 38:672-680. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2022.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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16
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Wang Y, Li L, Li Y, Liu M, Gan G, Zhou Y, Luo X, Zhang C, Xie J, Duan Y, Cheng (ASK. The Impact of Dietary Diversity, Lifestyle, and Blood Lipids on Carotid Atherosclerosis: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:815. [PMID: 35215465 PMCID: PMC8876384 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotid atherosclerosis is a common arterial wall lesion that causes narrowing and occlusion of the arteries and is the basis of cardiovascular events. Dietary habits, lifestyle, and lipid metabolism should be considered integrally in the context of carotid atherosclerosis (CAS). However, this area has been investigated less often in China. To understand the prevalence of CAS in China and the impact of dietary diversity and habits, lifestyle, and lipid metabolism on CAS as well as its predictive factors, a cross-sectional study was performed in two northern and southern Chinese tertiary hospitals from 2017 to 2019. Included participants underwent carotid artery color Doppler ultrasonography, blood lipid examination and dietary evaluation. In total, 11,601 CAS patients and 27,041 individuals without carotid artery lesions were included. The prevalence of CAS was 30.0% in this group. High BMI (OR: 1.685, 95% CI [1.315-2.160]), current (1.148 [1.077-1.224]) or ex-smoking (1.349 [1.190-1.529]), abstinence from alcohol ((1.223 [1.026-1.459]), social engagement (1.122 [1.050-1.198]), hypertension (1.828 [1.718-1.945]), and total cholesterol (1.438 [1.298-1.594]) were risk factors for CAS, while higher dietary diversity according to DDS-2 (0.891 [0.805-0.989]), HDL-C (0.558 [0.487-0.639]), sugar-sweetened beverages (0.734 [0.696-0.774]), and no midnight snack consumption (0.846 [0.792-0.903]) were protective factors. This current study demonstrated that higher dietary diversity was a protective factor against CAS in a healthy population. In addition, current recommendations of healthy lifestyle and dietary habits for preventing CAS should be strengthened. In addition, dietary diversity should concentrate on food attributes and dietary balance, rather than increased quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Wang
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Lijun Li
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha 410017, China; (L.L.); (G.G.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (C.Z.)
| | - Ying Li
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Min Liu
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China;
| | - Gang Gan
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha 410017, China; (L.L.); (G.G.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (C.Z.)
| | - Yi Zhou
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha 410017, China; (L.L.); (G.G.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (C.Z.)
| | - Xiaofei Luo
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha 410017, China; (L.L.); (G.G.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (C.Z.)
| | - Chun Zhang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha 410017, China; (L.L.); (G.G.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (C.Z.)
| | - Jianfei Xie
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China;
| | - Yinglong Duan
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China;
| | - (Andy) S. K. Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China;
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Stafeev I, Boldyreva M, Michurina S, Mamontova E, Ratner E, Menshikov M, Parfyonova Y. Grain-Based Dietary Background Impairs Restoration of Blood Flow and Skeletal Muscle During Hindlimb Ischemia in Comparison With Low-Fat and High-Fat Diets. Front Nutr 2022; 8:809732. [PMID: 35083264 PMCID: PMC8784406 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.809732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Among vascular pathologies associated with obesity, peripheral artery disease (PAD) occupies the important position. In clinical practice, nutritional interventions are recommended for patients with PAD. In this work, we investigated how the different dietary backgrounds affect the regeneration rate of ischemic hindlimb in mice. Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice were housed on three types of diet: low-fat (LFD), high-fat (HFD), and grain-based diet (GBD) for 13 weeks. Metabolic parameters including FBG level, ITT, and GTT were evaluated. The blood flow was assessed by laser Doppler scanning on 7, 14, and 21 days after hindlimb ischemia. Necrotic area of m.tibialis, macrophage infiltration, and angiogenesis/arteriogenesis were evaluated by histology. Glucose uptake in recovered skeletal muscle was analyzed using [3H]-2-deoxyglucose, and GLUT1 and GLUT4 expression were assessed by Western blotting. Results: In our work, we developed three experimental groups with different metabolic parameters: LFD with normal glucose metabolism, GBD with mild hyperglycemia, and HFD with impaired glucose tolerance. GBD-fed mice had a tendency to increase necrosis of m. tibialis and significantly higher macrophage infiltration than LFD and HFD groups. Moreover, GBD-fed mice had a trend to decreased blood flow recovery and significantly impaired arteriogenesis. Recovered skeletal muscle of GBD-fed mice had lower glucose uptake and decreased level of GLUT4 expression. Conclusion: Thus, we conclude that dietary background and metabolic status determine the rate of post-ischemic regeneration including angiogenesis, skeletal muscle recovery and metabolic activity. The most effective regeneration is supported by LFD, while the lowest rate of regeneration occurs on GBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iurii Stafeev
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Boldyreva
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia.,Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana Michurina
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elizaveta Mamontova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Yelena Parfyonova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Moscow, Russia.,Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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18
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Adegbola A, Behrendt CA, Zyriax BC, Windler E, Kreutzburg T. The impact of nutrition on the development and progression of peripheral artery disease: A systematic review. Clin Nutr 2021; 41:49-70. [PMID: 34864455 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS This systematic review sought to identify and summarize existing evidence for the impact of nutrition on the development, progression, and outcomes of peripheral artery disease (PAD). METHODS We performed a systematic literature search of available studies published between January 1974 and December 2019. Randomized controlled trials (RCT), observational studies, and cross-sectional studies reporting either the primary or secondary prevention of PAD with nutritional intake were included. The quality assessment was performed for the RCTs, without pooling a meta-risk estimate. RESULTS Among a total of 8502 records screened, 186 full texts were assessed for eligibility, and 82 studies (30% RCT) were analyzed. The nutrients were structured in fruits, vegetables and antioxidants, fats and oils, dietary fiber, meat, proteins, vitamins and trace elements, and diets and lifestyle. The findings of the current systematic review indicate that the Mediterranean diet, nuts, and polyunsaturated fat are associated with a lower incidence of PAD and saturated fat, cholesterol, and processed meat were associated with higher rates of cardiovascular events in patients suffering from PAD. CONCLUSIONS The current review found evidence of a beneficial impact of the Mediterranean diet including nuts in this target population. More RCTs and high-quality registries are needed that focus on nutritional habits among patients with PAD to design appropriate preventive programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiodun Adegbola
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Research Group GermanVasc, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Christian-Alexander Behrendt
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Research Group GermanVasc, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Birgit-Christiane Zyriax
- University Professorship for Midwifery Science - Health Care Research and Prevention, IVDP, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.
| | - Eberhard Windler
- Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Thea Kreutzburg
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Research Group GermanVasc, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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Acosta S, Johansson A, Drake I. Diet and Lifestyle Factors and Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease-A Prospective Cohort Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113822. [PMID: 34836078 PMCID: PMC8622601 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the association between diet and lifestyle factors, beyond traditional risk factors, and the risk of incident ACVD. The Malmö Diet and Cancer study included 30,446 middle-aged individuals. Baseline examinations including a dietary assessment, questionnaire and interviews, were performed between 1991–1996. After excluding individuals with prevalent cardiovascular disease and atrial fibrillation or flutter, 26,990 participants remained. In a previously developed diet quality index, adherence to recommended intake of saturated fat (SFA), polyunsaturated fat (PUFA), fish and shellfish, fiber, vegetables and fruit, and sucrose results in one point per dietary component, with a maximum diet score of six points. Diagnosis of incident ACVD was based on validated diagnoses of coronary artery disease, atherothrombotic ischemic stroke, carotid artery disease or peripheral artery disease. Multivariable Cox regression analysis adjusting for established risk factors was performed to assess hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). After a median follow-up of 21.1 years, 5858 (21.7%) individuals diagnosed with ACVD unrelated to atrial fibrillation or flutter were identified. Higher diet score (HR 0.94/point increase; 95% CI 0.91–0.97; p < 0.001), intake of fish and shellfish (HR 0.95/standard deviation (SD) increment, 95% CI 0.93–0.98), fiber (HR 0.93/SD increment, 95% CI 0.89–0.98) and SFA (HR 0.96/SD increment, 95% CI 0.92–0.99) consumption were associated with decreased risk for incident ACVD. High leisure-time physical activity (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.74–0.91) was associated with reduced risk and obesity (HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.08–1.27) with increased risk of incident ACVD. The present study strengthens current recommendations of improving diet quality and increasing physical activity in preventing ACVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Acosta
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 214 21 Malmö, Sweden; (A.J.); (I.D.)
- Vascular Center, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, 205 01 Malmö, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-040-331000
| | - Anna Johansson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 214 21 Malmö, Sweden; (A.J.); (I.D.)
- Örestadskliniken, 217 67 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Isabel Drake
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 214 21 Malmö, Sweden; (A.J.); (I.D.)
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20
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Abstract
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis. Modifiable risk factors including cigarette smoking, dyslipidemia, diabetes, poor diet quality, obesity, and physical inactivity, along with underlying genetic factors contribute to lower extremity atherosclerosis. Patients with PAD often have coexistent coronary or cerebrovascular disease, and increased likelihood of major adverse cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular death. Patients with PAD often have reduced walking capacity and are at risk of acute and chronic critical limb ischemia leading to major adverse limb events, such as peripheral revascularization or amputation. The presence of polyvascular disease identifies the highest risk patient group for major adverse cardiovascular events, and patients with prior critical limb ischemia, prior lower extremity revascularization, or amputation have a heightened risk of major adverse limb events. Medical therapies have demonstrated efficacy in reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events and major adverse limb events, and improving function in patients with PAD by modulating key disease determining pathways including inflammation, vascular dysfunction, and metabolic disturbances. Treatment with guideline-recommended therapies, including smoking cessation, lipid lowering drugs, optimal glucose control, and antithrombotic medications lowers the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events and major adverse limb events. Exercise training and cilostazol improve walking capacity. The heterogeneity of risk profile in patients with PAD supports a personalized approach, with consideration of treatment intensification in those at high risk of adverse events. This review highlights the medical therapies currently available to improve outcomes in patients with PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc P Bonaca
- Division of Cardiology, CPC Clinical Research, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO (M.P.B.)
| | - Naomi M Hamburg
- Department of Medicine, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Section of Vascular Biology, Boston Medical Center, MA (N.M.H.)
| | - Mark A Creager
- Heart and Vascular Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH (M.A.C.)
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21
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Wong MMH, Louie JCY. A priori dietary patterns and cardiovascular disease incidence in adult population-based studies: a review of recent evidence. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:6153-6168. [PMID: 33715546 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1897517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Studies using the a priori dietary pattern approach have been criticized for the heterogeneity of their scoring methods. This review aimed to evaluate the evidence on the association between a priori dietary patterns and CVD incidence in recent adult population-based studies. Similar to the conclusions of previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses, our review found that the majority of recent studies suggested that Mediterranean diet (6 out of 10 studies), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet (4 out of 6 studies), Dietary Guidelines-based (11 out of 13 studies) patterns, and other emerging dietary patterns, including carbohydrate quality, Dietary Inflammatory Index, Plant-based Diet Index and Healthy Nordic Food Index, were cardioprotective in the general population; however, there was substantial heterogeneity among the studies, possibly due to differences in scoring methods and analytical approaches used and inclusion of different confounders, as well as other methodological drawbacks, such as low numbers of cases and short follow-up periods. Future studies should simultaneously examine and compare multiple a priori dietary patterns in a specific population using a uniform statistical approach. A consensus on the scoring methods for each a priori dietary pattern is also necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin M H Wong
- School of Professional and Continuing Education, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jimmy Chun Yu Louie
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Johansson A, Acosta S. Diet and Lifestyle as Risk Factors for Carotid Artery Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study. Cerebrovasc Dis 2020; 49:563-569. [PMID: 33075769 DOI: 10.1159/000510907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is one of the leading causes of death, and out of all stroke cases, 10-15% originate from a previously asymptomatic stenosis in the internal carotid artery. AIMS The aim of the study was to investigate whether dietary and lifestyle habits were associated with future risk of incident carotid artery disease (CAD). METHODS Baseline examinations on middle-aged individuals (n = 30,447) in the Malmö Diet and Cancer study (MDCS), a prospective cohort study, took place between 1991 and 1996 in Malmö, Sweden. Individuals with cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus were excluded at baseline, resulting in a total study population of 25,952 patients. Information on dietary intake was gathered through a 7-day food diary, a detailed questionnaire, and a 1-h interview. A diet quality index was calculated from adherence to recommended intake of 6 dietary components (saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, fish and shellfish, fiber, vegetables and fruit, and sucrose). Individuals with a first registered diagnosis of CAD were identified from the Swedish National Patient register. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 21.8 years, 469 participants (1.8%) developed CAD. The diagnosis of incident CAD was validated and confirmed in 99% of a random sample of 100 individuals. Higher intake of vegetables and fruit was associated with a trend of decreased risk of CAD in a Cox regression analysis (hazard ratio of 0.76, 95% confidence interval 0.56-1.03; p = 0.080). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the present study found a trend toward a protective effect of higher intake of vegetables and fruit against incident CAD. More prospective studies investigating the association between diet and CAD and stroke are needed in order to give firm recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Johansson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, .,Örestadskliniken, Malmö, Sweden,
| | - Stefan Acosta
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Vascular Center, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Skåne, Sweden
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23
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Koç F, Mills S, Strain C, Ross RP, Stanton C. The public health rationale for increasing dietary fibre: Health benefits with a focus on gut microbiota. NUTR BULL 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Koç
- APC Microbiome Ireland University College Cork Cork Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland Teagasc Food Research Centre Moorepark Fermoy Ireland
| | - S. Mills
- APC Microbiome Ireland University College Cork Cork Ireland
| | - C. Strain
- APC Microbiome Ireland University College Cork Cork Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland Teagasc Food Research Centre Moorepark Fermoy Ireland
| | - R. P. Ross
- APC Microbiome Ireland University College Cork Cork Ireland
| | - C. Stanton
- APC Microbiome Ireland University College Cork Cork Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland Teagasc Food Research Centre Moorepark Fermoy Ireland
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Gardner AW, Montgomery PS, Wang M, Shen B, Casanegra AI, Silva-Palacios F, Knehans AW. Diet is associated with ankle-brachial index, inflammation, and ambulation in patients with intermittent claudication. J Vasc Surg 2020; 72:1375-1384. [PMID: 32122735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2019.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this investigation were to determine whether the daily dietary intake of nutrients by patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) and intermittent claudication (IC) met recommended levels for adults older than 50 years and to determine whether meeting recommended levels of nutrients was associated with ankle-brachial index (ABI), inflammation, and ambulation of patients with PAD and IC. METHODS A total of 48 patients were assessed on their dietary intake of 20 nutrients during a 3-day period. Patients were further characterized on demographic variables, comorbid conditions, cardiovascular risk factors, ABI, 6-minute walk distance (6MWD), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentration. RESULTS Few patients met the daily recommended intakes for calcium (4%), fiber (6%), vitamin E (6%), trans fatty acids (13%), vitamin A (15%), total sugars (19%), potassium (23%), sodium (29%), saturated fat (29%), and vitamin C (31%), and none of the patients met the daily recommended intake of vitamin D (0%). Overall, patients met few of the 20 dietary recommendations as the median score was seven recommendations. Only 17 of 48 patients met more than seven of the recommendations. For the ABI regression model adjusted for age, sex, race, smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia, body mass index, and percentage body fat, the only significant predictor was total sugars (P < .001); patients who did not meet the recommendation had lower ABI values. For the hsCRP-adjusted regression model, the strongest significant predictor was omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (P = .001), indicating that those who did not meet the recommendation had higher hsCRP values. Finally, for the 6MWD-adjusted regression model, folate (P = .011) and dietary score index (P = .014) were significant predictors; those who did not meet the recommendation for folate and those who met 5 or fewer of the 20 recommendations had shorter 6MWD. CONCLUSIONS Patients with PAD and IC consume a low-nutrient-dense diet that is deficient in many vitamins, calcium, fruits, and vegetables and contains too much added sugar, saturated and trans fats, and processed foods. In addition, more severe PAD, greater inflammation, and ambulatory dysfunction are independently associated with aspects of a low-nutrient-dense diet, such as too much intake of added sugars, low intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and folate, and meeting the recommended intakes of only five or fewer nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Gardner
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pa.
| | - Polly S Montgomery
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pa
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pa
| | - Biyi Shen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pa
| | - Ana I Casanegra
- Vascular Medicine Division, Cardiovascular Department, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Federico Silva-Palacios
- Cardiovascular Section, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Okla
| | - Allen W Knehans
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Okla
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