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Tinoco A, Schneider J, Haywood S, Matheson EL. "They are men, they will be looking even if you put on pants or a sweatshirt": Girl athletes' and coaches' experiences of body image in Mexico City sport settings. Body Image 2023; 46:73-83. [PMID: 37244013 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Body image concerns are a barrier for girls' participation in sports. Scarce evidence from Mexico suggests adolescents experience high levels of body dissatisfaction, and national statistics report low levels of physical activity among girls. This study aimed to explore girls' body image concerns and coaches' perceptions of girls' body image experiences in sport. We used reflexive thematic analysis on secondary data from semi-structured focus groups conducted in Mexico City with 12 girls aged 11-17 years and six coaches from two sports organizations. Girls expressed feelings of self-consciousness about their performance, body-related teasing, the male gaze, and harassment within and outside sports contexts. Lack of support from coaches resulted in making excuses for withdrawing or supporting one another. Coaches' accounts demonstrate gender stereotypes about girls in sport. They acknowledge that girls abandon sport because of appearance-related teasing and body image concerns. In addition, colorism and discomfort with speaking directly about bodily functions are fundamental sociocultural influences affecting their communication. This is the first qualitative study exploring girls' body image concerns and coaches' perceptions of such concerns in Mexico City. Further research in lower- and middle-income countries is key in developing effective intervention programs to help girls benefit from sport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Tinoco
- Centre for Appearance Research, School of Social Sciences, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, United Kingdom.
| | - Jekaterina Schneider
- Centre for Appearance Research, School of Social Sciences, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon Haywood
- Centre for Appearance Research, School of Social Sciences, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, United Kingdom
| | - Emily L Matheson
- Centre for Appearance Research, School of Social Sciences, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, United Kingdom
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Song K, Lee J, Lee S, Jeon S, Lee HS, Kim HS, Chae HW. Height and subjective body image are associated with suicide ideation among Korean adolescents. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1172940. [PMID: 37377472 PMCID: PMC10291136 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1172940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Suicide is the leading cause of death among Korean adolescents. Suicide has been found to be associated with body mass index (BMI), height, and subjective body image among adults, but investigations of these associations among adolescents are limited. Thus, we aimed to examine to what extent suicide ideation is associated with height, BMI, and subjective body image among Korean adolescents. Methods This study examined the data of 6,261 adolescents, selected from a nationally representative survey. The participants were divided into subgroups by sex, suicide ideation, and subjective body image. Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association of suicide ideation with height, BMI, and subjective body image. Results The proportion of perceived obesity was high in the total sample; the height Z-score was lower for the group with suicide ideation than the group without suicide ideation; the height Z-scores were also lower for female participants with suicide ideation than those female participants without suicide ideation. The proportions of depressed mood, suicide ideation, and suicide attempts were higher among the total sample and female participants with perceived obesity than among those with a normal body image. On logistic regression, perceived obesity was positively associated with suicide ideation even after adjusting for age, height Z-score, weight Z-score, and depressed mood, whereas height Z-score was negatively associated with suicide ideation. These relationships were more prominent among female participants than among male participants. Conclusion Low height and perceived obesity, not real obesity, are associated with suicide ideation among Korean adolescents. These findings indicate that the need for an integrated approach to growth, body image, and suicide in adolescents is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungchul Song
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghan Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - San Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Jeon
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sun Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Seong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Wook Chae
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Carballo Afonso R, Diz Gómez JC, Redondo Gutiérrez L, Ayán Pérez C. [Influence of exercise in the body image of preadolescents and adolescents: importance of the index of corporal mass as a factor of confusion]. NUTR HOSP 2023. [PMID: 37154044 DOI: 10.20960/nh.04498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION adolescents are the group most vulnerable to distortions in the perception of their image. This often leads to body dissatisfaction that can negatively affect their self-esteem. The practice of physical activity (PA) could help solve this problem. OBJECTIVES to analyze the influence that the amount of PA performed has on the self-perception of body image in the pre and adolescent population while taking into account confounding factors that could affect this relationship. METHODS a cross-sectional study of 822 participants aged 9 to 16 years was conducted. The prevalence of PA, their body mass index (BMI), and their objective and perceived physical condition (PC) were determined. The Stunkard pictogram was used to determine the degree of body dissatisfaction. RESULTS a generalized satisfaction with own body image was found regardless of age and sex. Low-magnitude significant associations were found between perceived body image and the amount of PA, perceived PC, and objective PC. PA did not influence body satisfaction when adjusted for BMI, which was the variable that presented the highest correlations with self-perception (r = 0.713) and self-satisfaction (r = 0.576). CONCLUSIONS a generalized satisfaction with one's own body image was identified in the pre and adolescent population under study. The amount of PA was not shown to be a variable with great influence on self-perception and body satisfaction, contrary to BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Carballo Afonso
- Departamento de Didácticas Especiais. Facultade de Ciencias da Educación e do Deporte. Universidade de Vigo
| | - José Carlos Diz Gómez
- Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IIS Galicia Sur) Sergas-UVIGO
| | - Laura Redondo Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Didácticas Especiais. Facultade de Ciencias da Educación e do Deporte. Universidade de Vigo
| | - Carlos Ayán Pérez
- Departamento de Didácticas Especiais. Facultade de Ciencias da Educación e do Deporte. Universidade de Vigo
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Hosokawa R, Kawabe K, Nakachi K, Soga J, Horiuchi F, Ueno SI. Effects of social media on body dissatisfaction in junior high school girls in Japan. Eat Behav 2023; 48:101685. [PMID: 36512901 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2022.101685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Body dissatisfaction (BD) is a serious problem related to the incidence of eating disorders. Social media (SM) use is known to be associated with BD. With a view to preventing the incidence of eating disorders, this study aimed to investigate the association between SM and BD, particularly, the role of SM in the encouragement of thinness and its relationship with adolescent girls' BD. METHODS Junior high school girls aged 12-15 in Japan completed the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), Eating Attitudes Test-26, Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh, Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children, and SM usage. Participants were classified into two groups based on their BSQ cut-off score. RESULTS Overall, 161 students were recruited (44 participants with BD; 117 without BD). The BD group used SM more than the non-BD group (χ2 (1) = 4.61, p = .032). The frequency of following SM accounts related to thinness was significantly higher in the BD group than in the non-BD group (χ2 (1) = 7.76, p = .005). The association between BD and following SM accounts focused on thinness was the most important (adjusted OR = 3.82; 95 % CI: 1.05-13.89). CONCLUSIONS The risks of SM use increasing BD in adolescent girls should be considered to prevent mental disorders, including eating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Hosokawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon City, Ehime, Japan; Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Ehime University Hospital, Toon City, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kentaro Kawabe
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon City, Ehime, Japan; Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Ehime University Hospital, Toon City, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kiwamu Nakachi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon City, Ehime, Japan; Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Ehime University Hospital, Toon City, Ehime, Japan
| | - Junya Soga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon City, Ehime, Japan; Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Ehime University Hospital, Toon City, Ehime, Japan
| | - Fumie Horiuchi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon City, Ehime, Japan; Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Ehime University Hospital, Toon City, Ehime, Japan.
| | - Shu-Ichi Ueno
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon City, Ehime, Japan
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Gonzaga I, Ribovski M, Claumann GS, Folle A, Beltrame TS, Laus MF, Pelegrini A. Secular trends in body image dissatisfaction and associated factors among adolescents (2007-2017/2018). PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280520. [PMID: 36656894 PMCID: PMC9851498 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess secular trends in body image dissatisfaction and associated factors among adolescents over a 10-year period (2007-2017/2018). METHODS The sample included 1,479 (2007, n = 531; 2017/2018, n = 948) high school adolescents of both sexes, aged 14 to 18 years, of schools in a city in southern Brazil, in 2007 and 2017/2018. Data were collected on sex, age, physical activity (IPAQ, short form), anthropometric measurements (body weight, height, and triceps and subscapular skinfolds), and body image dissatisfaction (figure rating scale). The variables were compared with Independent samples t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test. The associations between sex and other variables were examined with chi-square test, and the factors associated with body image were identified with multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS Most adolescents were dissatisfied with their body image in 2007 (65,2%) and 2017/2018 (71,1%). The prevalence of body dissatisfaction increased by 9.2% over the 10-year period, particularly dissatisfaction with thinness (21.3%). After stratification by sex, in 2017/2018 sample, dissatisfaction with overweight was 46.1% greater in boys, and dissatisfaction with thinness was 66.9% greater in girls. Factors found to be significantly associated with body image dissatisfaction were physical activity level, and body adiposity. CONCLUSIONS There was a secular trend toward increased body image dissatisfaction in both sexes. Future efforts should go beyond scientific production, in public and private environments aimed at increasing awareness of health issues related to body care in the physical, psychological, and environmental domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora Gonzaga
- Department of Physical Education, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Marina Ribovski
- Department of Physical Education, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gaia Salvador Claumann
- Department of Physical Education, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Folle
- Department of Physical Education, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Thais Silva Beltrame
- Department of Physical Education, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda Laus
- Department of Nutrition, University of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andreia Pelegrini
- Department of Physical Education, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Day S, Bussey K, Trompeter N, Mitchison D. The Impact of Teasing and Bullying Victimization on Disordered Eating and Body Image Disturbance Among Adolescents: A Systematic Review. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2022; 23:985-1006. [PMID: 33461439 DOI: 10.1177/1524838020985534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence is a developmental period in which disordered eating and negative body image are highly prevalent, yet their risk factors are insufficiently understood and targeted. Despite research implicating both teasing and bullying victimization in the development of eating disorders, these strands of research are yet to be integrated. This systematic review hence aimed to identify whether teasing and bullying victimization are associated with greater risk of eating disorders and body image disturbance for adolescents. Systematic searches of PsycINFO and PubMed databases identified 79 papers that included quantitative analyses of the relationship between weight-related or nonspecific teasing or bullying victimization and disordered eating or body image disturbance. Overall, studies indicated that adolescents who are teased or bullied are more likely to experience disordered eating and negative body image compared to nonvictimized adolescents. This was more consistently observed in cross-sectional studies than in longitudinal findings. We identify several methodological limitations of the literature, including the infrequent consideration of potential mediating and moderating variables. Finally, we outline future directions such as temporal sequencing of the complex interrelationships among teasing and bullying, disordered eating, and body image disturbance in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinead Day
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kay Bussey
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nora Trompeter
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Deborah Mitchison
- School of Medicine, Blacktown Clinical School, Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
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Riboli G, Borlimi R, Caselli G. A qualitative approach – delineates changes on pubertal body image after menarche. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENCE AND YOUTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/02673843.2022.2032219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Greta Riboli
- Department of Psychology, Sigmund Freud University, Wien, Austria
- Department of Psychology, Sigmund Freud University, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosita Borlimi
- Department of Psychology, Sigmund Freud University, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Caselli
- Department of Psychology, Sigmund Freud University, Milan, Italy
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Dias SS, Lages M, Frontini R, Luís L, Dixe MDA, Sousa P. Association Between Food Choices Motivators and Physical Activity in Body Image (dis)Satisfaction in Portuguese Adolescents. Front Public Health 2021; 9:651228. [PMID: 34150700 PMCID: PMC8213024 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.651228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Concerns about weight and body image are common among adolescents since they are particularly vulnerable to body-image dissatisfaction due to the normal physiological, social, and psychological changes they are going through. This study aims to analyse the relationship between food choice motivations and physical activity in body-image perception among adolescents. Twelve to sixteen years old adolescents were recruited from three school districts. The Portuguese version of the Food Choices Questionnaire (FCQ) was used to assess food choice motivators, and the Quantification de l'Activité Physique en Altitude Chez les Enfants was used to assess physical activity and to calculate daily energy expenditure (DEE). Body image perception was measured using Collins' sequence of seven silhouettes. Body image (dis)satisfaction was estimated by the present body shape minus the desired body shape. ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed to compare groups, and the post-hoc Bonferroni test was used to compare target groups. A multinominal logistic regression was performed to analyse the association between gender, age, hours of sport's competition, FCQ, and body dissatisfaction. All analyses were performed in IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0. The sample comprised 286 adolescents (51.4% females). Means of FCQ categories varied between 0.33 and 0.97 (range: −2 to 2). Regarding the categories of FCQ, statistically significant differences were found in the category of body satisfaction and weight control among the three groups (p = 0.004). A preventive effect was found of choosing food regarding body satisfaction and weight control, on body-image dissatisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Simões Dias
- ciTechCare - Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.,EpiDoC Unit, Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marlene Lages
- ciTechCare - Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Roberta Frontini
- ciTechCare - Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.,CIEQV - Life Quality Research Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Luís Luís
- ciTechCare - Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Maria Dos Anjos Dixe
- ciTechCare - Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Pedro Sousa
- ciTechCare - Center for Innovative Care and Health Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.,Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing, Nursing School of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Solidade VTD, Nascimento VMSD, Oliveira DPM, Ribas MCDS, Sampaio RAC, Silva RJDS. School physical activity and mental health in school-aged Brazilian adolescents: a systematic review. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CINEANTROPOMETRIA E DESEMPENHO HUMANO 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-0037.2021v23e82866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to identify evidence regarding associations between School Physical Activity (PA) and Mental Health (MH) in Brazilian school-aged adolescents. This is a systematic review study. Studies were selected in Portuguese and English and identified by a systematic search in six electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus / Ebsco, ScIELO, ERIC, and LILACS, which comprised publications until 2019. Inclusion criteria were: studies with cohort, descriptive, cross-sectional or qualitative design; performed with children and adolescents; studies that analyzed the relationship between PA and MH; studies that investigated adolescents who practiced PA in schools; studies carried out in Brazil; and studies that reached minimum of 60% of methodological quality criteria according to STROBE. Physical education, as curricular activity in basic education, has protective effect on MH in the school setting. In addition, more than 300 min/week of PA was positively associated with MH; while associations between PA and excessive TV time; social isolation; and body weight dissatisfaction were negatively associated. School PA is positively associated with MH as it promotes physical and psychological well-being, impacting on the reduction of insomnia rates, attenuating loneliness and improving physical appearance.
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