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Bravington A, Johnson M, Macleod U. Turning a Curve: How People Use Everyday Resources to Negotiate Recovery From Cancer Treatment With Curative Intent. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:635-648. [PMID: 38230533 DOI: 10.1177/10497323231219389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Many more cancers are treated with intent to cure now than in previous decades, but for most, this involves significant effects from which people need to recover psychologically and socially, as well as physically. This longitudinal photo-elicitation interview study uses grounded theory to explain how people discharged from specialist care made use of everyday social and material resources to manage this process at home. Recovery is presented as a curve in life's pathway requiring gradual reorientation, drawing on social worlds and domestic resources to calibrate this process. Findings are described in three stages: (1) responding to diagnosis and treatment, (2) using social resources for meaning-making, and (3) developing assets for recovery. During treatment, participants drew on past identities to reinforce their sense of self, and personalized health care communication supported this process. In the weeks after treatment, new frameworks of understanding were constructed from perspectives on cancer encountered in the family, workplace, and outpatient clinics. Recovery processes included the negotiation of personal change, the renegotiation of close relationships, and the use of everyday resources to regain three sensations: control, comfort, and continuity. Supportive care would benefit from an individualized exploration of the assets that can help people to negotiate this challenging phase as treatment comes to a close. Possibilities for self-care (the maintenance of health and well-being in the context of everyday life) can be explored and assessed through personalized discussion around the identities, social worlds, and everyday resources available to each individual.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Una Macleod
- Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
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2
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Tomasi J, Zai CC, Pouget JG, Tiwari AK, Kennedy JL. Heart rate variability: Evaluating a potential biomarker of anxiety disorders. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14481. [PMID: 37990619 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Establishing quantifiable biological markers associated with anxiety will increase the objectivity of phenotyping and enhance genetic research of anxiety disorders. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a physiological measure reflecting the dynamic relationship between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, and is a promising target for further investigation. This review summarizes evidence evaluating HRV as a potential physiological biomarker of anxiety disorders by highlighting literature related to anxiety and HRV combined with investigations of endophenotypes, neuroimaging, treatment response, and genetics. Deficient HRV shows promise as an endophenotype of pathological anxiety and may serve as a noninvasive index of prefrontal cortical control over the amygdala, and potentially aid with treatment outcome prediction. We propose that the genetics of HRV can be used to enhance the understanding of the genetics of pathological anxiety for etiological investigations and treatment prediction. Given the anxiety-HRV link, strategies are offered to advance genetic analytical approaches, including the use of polygenic methods, wearable devices, and pharmacogenetic study designs. Overall, HRV shows promising support as a physiological biomarker of pathological anxiety, potentially in a transdiagnostic manner, with the heart-brain entwinement providing a novel approach to advance anxiety treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Tomasi
- Molecular Brain Science Department, Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Clement C Zai
- Molecular Brain Science Department, Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jennie G Pouget
- Molecular Brain Science Department, Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arun K Tiwari
- Molecular Brain Science Department, Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James L Kennedy
- Molecular Brain Science Department, Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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3
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Nutraceuticals as Supportive Therapeutic Agents in Diabetes and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Systematic Review. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020158. [PMID: 36829437 PMCID: PMC9953002 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The correlation between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and diabetes-related mechanisms support the hypothesis that early therapeutic strategies targeting diabetes can contribute to PDAC risk reduction and treatment improvement. A systematic review was conducted, using PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases, to evaluate the current evidence from clinical studies qualitatively examining the efficacy of four natural products: Curcumin-Curcuma longa L.; Thymoquinone-Nigella sativa L.; Genistein-Glycine max L.; Ginkgo biloba L.; and a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and PDAC treatment. A total of 28 clinical studies were included, showing strong evidence of inter-study heterogeneity. Used as a monotherapy or in combination with chemo-radiotherapy, the studied substances did not significantly improve the treatment response of PDAC patients. However, pronounced therapeutic efficacy was confirmed in T2D. The natural products and low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet, combined with the standard drugs, have the potential to improve T2D treatment and thus potentially reduce the risk of cancer development and improve multiple biological parameters in PDAC patients.
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Beuchel P, Cramer C. Heart Rate Variability and Perceived Stress in Teacher Training: Facing the Reality Shock With Mindfulness? GLOBAL ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE AND HEALTH 2023; 12:27536130231176538. [PMID: 37216037 PMCID: PMC10196549 DOI: 10.1177/27536130231176538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Background The beginning of the career of teachers is a demanding phase. In the combined roles of teacher and trainee, and in the shift from academic to practical learning, trainee teachers have to acquire competencies in teaching as well as coping with stress. In this phase, the phenomenon of "reality shock" is widely observed. Objective A mindfulness training was developed to support teacher trainees during their first year. This intervention study investigated perceived and physiological stress at teachers' career start and the stress reducing effects of the mindfulness training in this phase. Methods In a quasi-experimental design, 19 out of 42 participants from this sample underwent mindfulness-based stress reduction training and a wait-list control group (N = 23) underwent a compact course after post measurements. We measured physiological stress parameters and perceived stress at 3 different time points. Heart rate signals were acquired in ambulatory assessment sequences, including teaching, rest periods, and cognitive tasks. The data were analyzed in linear mixed-effects models. Results We found high physiological stress in the very beginning of teacher training, which attenuated over time. The mindfulness intervention only led to a greater reduction in heart rate (d = .53 to .74) in situations where the intervention group had shown higher heart rate levels initially, but not in heart rate variability. However, the mindfulness group significantly reduced (d = .63) their perceived stress and maintained (d = .55) this improvement, while the control group maintained a highly elevated perceived stress level throughout. Conclusion The mindfulness training could reduce subjective stress, which otherwise seems to be a long-lasting aspect of beginning teachers' "reality shock". Indications of a superior reduction of physiological stress in demanding situations were weak, while generally, undue physiological stress seems to be a temporary phenomenon in the initial phase of teacher induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Beuchel
- Department of Clinical Psychology
and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of School Education, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Colin Cramer
- Department of School Education, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Lee YH, Chang YP, Lee JT, Lee DC, Huang EY, Lai LJT. Heart rate variability as an indicator of the beneficial effects of Qigong and mindfulness training on the mind-body well-being of cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:59. [PMID: 36534354 PMCID: PMC9761690 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07476-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and fear of recurrence (FOR) are frequently experienced by cancer patients. This study aimed to improve cancer survivors' CRF, FOR, quality of life (QOL), and heart rate variability (HRV) through Qigong and mindfulness interventions. METHODS A quasi-experimental design was adopted, and 125 cancer survivors were recruited using snowball sampling. The participants were assigned to 1 of 3 groups (Qigong, mindfulness, and control) based on their needs and preferences. All groups received 4 h of nutrition education at the pretest (T0). CRF, FOR, and QOL questionnaires and HRV parameters were used as the measurement tools. Data were collected at the pretest (T0), posttest (T1), and follow-up (T2). RESULTS Qigong had a better effect on improving CRF (ΔT1-T0 = - 0.108, ΔT2-T1 = - 0.008) and FOR (ΔT1-T0 = - 0.069, ΔT2-T1 = - 0.150) in the long term, while mindfulness improved QOL (ΔT1-T0 = 0.096, ΔT2-T1 = 0.013) better in the long term. Both Qigong and mindfulness had a short-term effect in improving SDNN (Q: ΔT1-T0 = 1.584; M: ΔT1-T0 = 6.979) and TP (Q: ΔT1-T0 = 41.601; M: ΔT1-T0 = 205.407), but the improvement in LF (Q: ΔT2-T1 = - 20.110; M: ΔT2-T1 = - 47.800) was better in the long term. CONCLUSION HRV evaluation showed that Qigong and the mindfulness interventions had short-term effects in significantly improving overall physical and mental health, self-emotional regulation, and QOL and relieving fatigue and autonomic dysfunction. HRV may serve as an observational indicator of interventions to improve physical and mental health. The consistent practice of mind-body interventions is the primary means of optimizing overall health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hua Lee
- grid.59784.370000000406229172Department of Administration, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 350401 Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Ping Chang
- grid.411396.80000 0000 9230 8977Department of Nursing, Fooyin University, 151 Jinxue Rd., Daliao Dist., Kaohsiung City, 831301 Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jih-Teng Lee
- grid.411396.80000 0000 9230 8977Department of Surgery, Fooyin University Hospital, No.5, Zhongshan Rd., Donggang Township, Pingtung County 928005 Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - De-Chih Lee
- grid.445025.20000 0004 0532 2244Department of Information Management, Da-Yeh University, 168 University Road, Dacun, Changhua, 515006 Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Eng-Yen Huang
- grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, No.123, Dapi Rd., Niaosong Dist., Kaohsiung City, 833401 Taiwan, Republic of China ,grid.145695.a0000 0004 1798 0922School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, No.259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., 33302 Taoyuan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Lee-Jang Tsai Lai
- Formosa Cancer Foundation, 5F-2, No.16, NanJing East Rd., Sec 5, Songshan Dist., 105410 Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Panjwani AA, Aguiar S, Gascon B, Brooks DG, Li M. Biomarker opportunities in the treatment of cancer-related depression. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:1050-1069. [PMID: 36371336 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Depression comorbid with cancer is common and associated with a host of negative health outcomes. The inflammatory basis of depression is a growing area of research in cancer, focused on how stressors transduce into inflammation and contribute to the emergence of depression. In this review, we synthesize inflammatory biomarker associations with both depression and the currently available pharmacotherapies and psychotherapies in cancer, underscoring the need for expanding research on anti-inflammatory agents with antidepressant effects. Modulation of inflammatory neuroimmune pathways can slow tumor progression and reduce metastases. Biomarkers associated with depression in cancer may help with diagnosis and treatment monitoring, as well as inform research on novel drug targets to potentially improve cancer survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliza A Panjwani
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stefan Aguiar
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bryan Gascon
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David G Brooks
- Princess Margaret Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Madeline Li
- Department of Supportive Care, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Princess Margaret Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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7
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Majeed U, Aftab MF, Baloch DM, Ahmed S, Yusuf IM, Hasan MA, Qureshi MS. Modulation of Heart and Brain Function by Surah Al-Rehman Recitation Among Distressed Diabetic Patients in Pakistan. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2022; 61:3852-3865. [PMID: 34554380 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-021-01431-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Distress causes psychophysiological alterations that affect autonomic function. The current study explores psychophysiological modulation in diabetic distress in response to Surah Al-Rehman recitation. A single-group experimental study with before and after intervention assessments was conducted during April 2018 to February 2019 in which participants (n = 10) listened to Surah Al-Rehman recitation. Blood pressure, blood glucose, cortisol, ECG and EEG were recorded before and after recitation. Significant reduction in systolic blood pressure, increase in low frequency and absolute alpha power at Fp2 were observed. Heartbeat evoked potentials (HEP) were also significantly modulated at Fp1, Fp2 and F4. These findings suggest that Surah Al-Rehman modulated baroreflex activity thereby reducing sympathetic activity and improved heart brain coherence as reflected by HEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umair Majeed
- Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Rafiqui H.J. Shaheed Road, Karachi, Sindh, 75510, Pakistan
| | - Meha Fatima Aftab
- Dow Institute of Medical Technology, Dow University of Health Sciences, 111 Suparco Rd, Gulzar-e-Hijri Gulzar E Hijri Scheme 33, Karachi, Sindh, 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Deedag Murad Baloch
- Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Rafiqui H.J. Shaheed Road, Karachi, Sindh, 75510, Pakistan
| | - Sana Ahmed
- Dow Institute of Medical Technology, Dow University of Health Sciences, 111 Suparco Rd, Gulzar-e-Hijri Gulzar E Hijri Scheme 33, Karachi, Sindh, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Imran M Yusuf
- Transformation International Society, SB-23 & 24، Main University Rd, Gulshan Block 13 C Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi, Karachi, Sindh, 75300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abul Hasan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, NED University of Engineering and Technology, Main University Rd, Karachi, Karachi, Sindh, 75270, Pakistan
- Neurocomputation Laboratory, National Center for Artificial Intelligence, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sameer Qureshi
- Dow Institute of Medical Technology, Dow University of Health Sciences, 111 Suparco Rd, Gulzar-e-Hijri Gulzar E Hijri Scheme 33, Karachi, Sindh, 75270, Pakistan
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Effect of a 16-Session Qigong Program in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Survivors: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11123421. [PMID: 35743490 PMCID: PMC9225257 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11123421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The treatment associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients may cause adverse effects on their physical and psychological condition. The aim of this study is to detect the response to an eight-week, 16-session, 60-min presential Qigong program in anxiety, depression and vagal nerve activity alongside a control group. Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial was managed. Randomization was carried out by generating a numerical sequence of three cycles through the software EPIDAT 4.1. Numbers were placed in sealed opaque envelopes for assignment to the different groups. Results: Anxiety levels were substantially decreased in the experimental group, with a large effect size (F = 30.38, p < 0.00). Depression levels had an improvement in the experimental group in contrast to the control group, reaching statistical significance (F = 19.19, p < 0.00). Heart Rate Variability unveiled significant results in terms of between-group differences, with a large effect size in the HRV Index (F = 15.80, p < 0.00), SDNN (F = 8.82, p < 0.00), and RMSSD (F = 6.72, p < 0.01) in the time domain, and a medium effect size in the HF (F = 9.78, p < 0.003), LF (F = 9.78, p < 0.00), and LF/HF Ratio (F = 18.44, p < 0.00) in the frequency domain, which were all bettered in the experimental group, after the Qigong program. Conclusions: Qigong therapy can be an effective therapeutic activity in consonance with traditional medicine to improve psychological health and autonomic nervous system balance in non-Hodgkin lymphoma survivors.
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Wang SJ, Chang YC, Hu WY, Chang YM, Lo C. The Comparative Effect of Reduced Mindfulness-Based Stress on Heart Rate Variability among Patients with Breast Cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116537. [PMID: 35682121 PMCID: PMC9180838 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Heart rate variability (HRV) is a powerful tool for observing interactions between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. This study evaluated HRV during a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program among women with breast cancer after receiving treatment. A quasi-experimental, nonrandomized design was used. Patients were allocated to usual care (n = 25) and MBSR (n = 25) groups. HRV was measured using recognized methods to assess the autonomic nervous system. Two-way ANOVA and t-tests were used to examine HRV changes between and within groups, respectively. A significant interaction effect of time with group was observed on heart rate (F (1, 96) = 4.92, p = 0.029, η2 = 0.049). A significant difference was also observed within the MBSR group preintervention and postintervention with regard to heart rate (t (24) = −3.80, p = 0.001), standard deviation of the RR interval (t (24) = 5.40, p < 0.001), root-mean-square difference in the RR interval (t (24) = 2.23, p = 0.035), and high-frequency power (t (24) = 7.73, p < 0.001). Large effect sizes for heart rate and SDNN of 0.94 and 0.85, respectively, were observed between the MBSR and usual care groups. This study provides preliminary evidence that an MBSR program may be clinically useful for facilitating parasympathetic activity associated with feelings of relaxation in treated breast cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jung Wang
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Ren-Ai Rd. Sec. 1, Taipei 10051, Taiwan; (S.-J.W.); (W.-Y.H.)
| | - Yun-Chen Chang
- School of Nursing and Graduate Institute of Nursing, China Medical University, No. 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Rd., Beitun Dist., Taichung 40604, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 7113)
| | - Wen-Yu Hu
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Ren-Ai Rd. Sec. 1, Taipei 10051, Taiwan; (S.-J.W.); (W.-Y.H.)
- Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Rd., Taipei 10002, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Ming Chang
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
| | - Chi Lo
- Department of Hospitality Management, Chung Hua University, Hsinchu 30012, Taiwan;
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10
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Lo HHM, Au A, Cho WV, Lau ENS, Wong JYH, Wong SYS, Yeung JWK. Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Caregivers of Frail Older Chinese Adults: A Study Protocol. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095447. [PMID: 35564839 PMCID: PMC9104052 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Studies have consistently showed that informal caregivers have worse health, more medical consultations, anxiety and depression, and lower quality of life than those who do not provide such care. Positive outcomes of psychoeducation interventions have been found, but many of them are relatively long in duration, making them less cost-effective in implementation. The proposed study is a multi-site, three-arm randomized controlled trial of a mindfulness-based intervention for Chinese family caregivers. Effects of the intervention will be compared with those of an evidence-based psychoeducation program and treatment-as-usual. Two hundred forty cross-generational caregivers of frail older adults with moderate to severe levels of frailty will be recruited and randomly assigned to mindfulness-based intervention, psychoeducation, and treatment-as-usual experimental conditions. Program effectiveness will be analyzed on measures of caregiver burden, depression, anxiety, positive caregiving experience, spirituality, family conflict, and the biomarker of heart rate variability. Measures on coping styles, experiential avoidance, and self-efficacy will be explored to see if they mediate the changes to participant improvements in outcomes. Six-month follow-up will be included to investigate the maintenance effects. This study will provide evidence on mindfulness-based interventions on caregivers of frail older adults and expand the existing models of intergenerational caregiving in Chinese culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herman H. M. Lo
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong;
- Correspondence:
| | - Alma Au
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong;
| | - W. V. Cho
- Caritas Medical Centre, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong;
| | - Elsa N. S. Lau
- Department of Social Sciences, Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong;
| | | | - Samuel Y. S. Wong
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong;
| | - Jerf W. K. Yeung
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong;
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Lee JT, Lee YH, Chang YP. Mindfulness Stress Management for Female Cancer Survivors Facing the Uncertainty of Disease Progression: A Randomized Controlled Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:4497. [PMID: 35457366 PMCID: PMC9026753 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of a mindfulness stress management intervention on fear of recurrence and quality of life among female cancer survivors. A longitudinal, randomized design with two groups (60 participants) was used for pretest/posttest comparisons. Twelve weeks of mindfulness stress intervention effectively attenuated fear of recurrence symptoms (T1 p = 0.002, T2 p = 0.047), and quality of life (T1 p = 0.000, T2 p = 0.001) significantly increased. The results were significantly different between the intervention and control groups. Over time, group differences became more significant (T1 p = 0.002), demonstrating the effectiveness of the mindfulness stress management intervention. When female cancer survivors face uncertain disease progression, fear of recurrence affects their quality of life. When these women receive supportive intervention sooner, their improvement is more significant. Healthcare providers should encourage female cancer survivors to engage in mindfulness stress management actions to achieve a better benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jih-Teng Lee
- Department of Surgery, Fooyin University Hospital, Kaohsiung 928005, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Hua Lee
- Department of Administration, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350401, Taiwan;
| | - Yuan-Ping Chang
- Department of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 831301, Taiwan
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12
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Heart Rate Variability as a Potential Indicator of Cancer Pain in a Mouse Model of Peritoneal Metastasis. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22062152. [PMID: 35336325 PMCID: PMC8955674 DOI: 10.3390/s22062152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Heart rate variability (HRV) is closely related to changes in the autonomic nervous system (ANS) associated with stress and pain. In this study, we investigated whether HRV could be used to assess cancer pain in mice with peritoneal metastases. At 12 days after cancer induction, positive indicators of pain such as physiological characteristics, appearance, posture, and activity were observed, and time- and frequency-domain HRV parameters such as mean R-R interval, square root of the mean squared differences of successive R-R intervals, and percentage of successive R-R interval differences greater than 5 ms, low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF), and ratio of LF and HF power, were found to be significantly decreased. These parameters returned to normal after analgesic administration. Our results indicate that overall ANS activity was decreased by cancer pain and that HRV could be a useful tool for assessing pain.
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Taylor MR, Scott SR, Steineck A, Rosenberg AR. Objectifying the Subjective: The Use of Heart Rate Variability as a Psychosocial Symptom Biomarker in Hospice and Palliative Care Research. J Pain Symptom Manage 2021; 62:e315-e321. [PMID: 33933615 PMCID: PMC8418996 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2021.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Measuring psychosocial symptoms in hospice and palliative care research is critical to understanding the patient and caregiver experience. Subjective patient-reported outcome tools have been the primary method for collecting these data in palliative care, and the growing field of biobehavioral research offers new tools that could deepen our understanding of psychosocial symptomatology. Here we describe one psychosocial biomarker, heart rate variability (HRV), and simple techniques for measurement in an adolescent and young adult cancer population that are applicable to palliative care studies. Complementing self-reported measures with objective biomarkers like HRV could facilitate a more nuanced understanding of physiologic and perceived well-being in patients with serious or life-limiting illness and inform future "precision supportive care" in hospice and palliative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallory R Taylor
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Seattle, Washington, USA; Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA.
| | - Samantha R Scott
- Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Angela Steineck
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Seattle, Washington, USA; Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Abby R Rosenberg
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Seattle, Washington, USA; Palliative Care and Resilience Lab, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
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14
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Yun K, Yoo YS. Effects of the Anger Management Program for Nurses. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci) 2021; 15:247-254. [PMID: 34352415 DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an anger management program on anger, job stress, psychological well-being, and heart rate variability in clinical nurses. METHODS A quasi-experimental study was conducted using a nonequivalent control group, pre-test-post-test design with repeated measures. The participants included 43 nurses assigned to the experimental and control groups. Anger, job stress, psychological well-being, and heart rate variability were evaluated before the intervention, immediately after the completion of the intervention, and four weeks after the end of the intervention. Chi-square test, t-test, Fisher's exact test, and GEE (Generalized Estimating Equations) were used to analyze the data. RESULT There were significant differences in the level of anger, state anger, job stress, and psychological well-being between the two groups. The rate of change in the total power (TP) and the high-frequency band (HF) of the experimental group increased immediately after the intervention completion but that of the control group decreased at the same time. CONCLUSION The above results demonstrate that an anger management program for nurses effectively attenuated anger and job stress, improved psychological well-being, and regulated heart rate variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoungsun Yun
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Secho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Korea.
| | - Yang-Sook Yoo
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Secho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Korea.
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15
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Ooishi Y, Fujino M, Inoue V, Nomura M, Kitagawa N. Differential Effects of Focused Attention and Open Monitoring Meditation on Autonomic Cardiac Modulation and Cortisol Secretion. Front Physiol 2021; 12:675899. [PMID: 34335292 PMCID: PMC8320390 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.675899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have been used widely as a useful tool for the alleviation of various stress-related symptoms. However, the effects of MBIs on stress-related physiological activity have not yet been ascertained. MBIs primarily consist of focused-attention (FA) and open-monitoring (OM) meditation. Since differing effects of FA and OM meditation on brain activities and cognitive tasks have been mentioned, we hypothesized that FA and OM meditation have also differing effects on stress-related physiological activity. In this study, we examined the effects of FA and OM meditation on autonomic cardiac modulation and cortisol secretion. Forty-one healthy adults (aged 20-46 years) who were meditation novices experienced 30-min FA and OM meditation tasks by listening to instructions. During resting- and meditation-states, electrocardiogram transducers were attached to participants to measure the R-R interval, which were used to evaluate heart rate (HR) and perform heart rate variability (HRV) analyses. Saliva samples were obtained from participants pre- and post-meditation to measure salivary cortisol levels. Results showed that FA meditation induced a decrease in HR and an increase in the root mean square of successive differences (rMSDD). In contrast, OM meditation induced an increase in the standard deviation of the normal-to-normal interval (SDNN) to rMSSD ratio (SDNN/rMSSD) and a decrease in salivary cortisol levels. These results suggest that FA meditation elevates physiological relaxation, whereas OM meditation elevates physiological arousal and reduces stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Ooishi
- NTT Communication Science Laboratories, NTT Corporation, Atsugi, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fujino
- Open Innovation Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Division of Cognitive Psychology in Education, Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Vimala Inoue
- Faculty of Health Science, Health Science University, Fujikawaguchiko, Japan
| | - Michio Nomura
- Division of Cognitive Psychology in Education, Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Norimichi Kitagawa
- NTT Communication Science Laboratories, NTT Corporation, Atsugi, Japan.,BKC Research Organization of Social Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan.,Yoshika Institute of Psychology, Kanoashi, Japan
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16
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Stress and Quality of Life of Patients with Cancer: The Mediating Role of Mindfulness. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020; 2020:3289521. [PMID: 33381176 PMCID: PMC7748895 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3289521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Cancer is one of the major health problems worldwide, which in addition to physical disorders, causes stress and anxiety in patients and affects the quality of life of cancer patients. Mindfulness can affect stress and improve the quality of life. This research explained the correlation between stress, quality of life, and mindfulness. Materials and Methods Two hundred five cancer patients participated in this cross-sectional study. Patients completed the EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30), the Mindfulness Attention and Awareness Scale (MAAS), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Results Perceived stress and mindfulness predict nearly 39% of the changes of QOL in cancer patients. In addition, perceived stress was negatively associated with mindfulness and quality of life (P < 0.05). Mindfulness was positively correlated with quality of life (P < 0.05). Mindfulness played a mediating role in the relationship between perceived stress and quality of life (standardized β = -0.13; SE = 0.07, 95% confidence interval = -0.28 to -0.01; P value = 0.04). Conclusion In the present study, the variables of mindfulness and perceived stress affected the quality of life of cancer patients. Mindfulness can affect the quality of life of cancer patients directly and indirectly. These results emphasize the importance of mindfulness in the lives of cancer patients.
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17
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Lee YH, Lai GM, Lee DC, Tsai Lai LJ, Chang YP. Promoting Physical and Psychological Rehabilitation Activities and Evaluating Potential Links Among Cancer-Related Fatigue, Fear of Recurrence, Quality of Life, and Physiological Indicators in Cancer Survivors. Integr Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1183-1194. [PMID: 30354701 PMCID: PMC6247550 DOI: 10.1177/1534735418805149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Cancer-related fatigue and fear of recurrence (FOR) are
the most common symptoms in cancer survivors and severely affect quality of life
(QOL). This study aims to promote and evaluate the effectiveness of physical and
psychological rehabilitation activities for cancer survivors.
Methods: A longitudinal study with an interventional research
design was conducted. A total of 80 participants were randomly assigned to
experimental groups E1 (Qigong exercise [QE]) or E2 (stress management [SM]) or
the control group. The E1 and E2 groups received QE and SM, respectively, as
interventions once a week for 12 weeks, and effects were assessed.
Cancer-related fatigue, FOR, QOL, and heart rate variability (HRV) were
evaluated at baseline (T0), after 12 weeks (T1), and at the 3-month follow-up
(T2). Results: QE and SM effectively strengthened the physical and
psychological functions of cancer survivors at the T1 phase. Although
differences in FOR and QOL were not statistically significant, the scores were
decreased and increased, respectively. Although the effects during the T2 phase
were not as significant as those during T1, the score progress was maintained.
The effects on HRV were significantly different among the E1, E2, and control
groups at T1, which shows that the performance of both experimental groups was
better than that of the control group. Conclusions: Physical and
psychological rehabilitation activities should be practiced periodically and
should be led by professional staff. Long-term educational resources and care
should also be provided. HRV can be used to efficiently monitor the status of
the mind-body balance and is a more suitable index than questionnaires for
physical and psychological function evaluation in cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hua Lee
- 1 National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan.,2 Da-Yeh University, Dacun, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Gi-Ming Lai
- 3 Taipei Municipal Wanfang Hospital, Wenshan District, Taipei City, Taiwan.,4 Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - De-Chih Lee
- 2 Da-Yeh University, Dacun, Changhua, Taiwan
| | | | - Yuan-Ping Chang
- 6 Fooyin University, Daliao District, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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18
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Hartmann R, Schmidt FM, Sander C, Hegerl U. Heart Rate Variability as Indicator of Clinical State in Depression. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:735. [PMID: 30705641 PMCID: PMC6344433 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression is a severe disease with great burdens for the affected individuals and public health care systems. Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction indexed by measures of heart rate variability (HRV) has repeatedly been associated with depression. However, HRV parameters are subject to a wide range of multi-factorial influences and underlying mechanisms in depression are still unclear. HRV parameters have been proposed to be promising candidates for diagnostic or predictive bio-markers for depression but necessary longitudinal design studies investigating the relationship between HRV and depression are scarce. Methods: The sample in this study consisted of 62 depressive individuals without antidepressant medication prior to assessment and 65 healthy controls. Fifteen minute blocks of resting ECGs were recorded 1-2 days before onset of antidepressant treatment and 2 weeks thereafter. The ECGs were pre-processed to extract inter-beat-intervals. Linear and non-linear methods were used to extract HRV parameters. ANOVAS were performed to investigate group differences between depressive patients and healthy controls. Associations between the change in severity of depression and HRV parameters were assessed in a repeated measurements design. Results: Analyses revealed HRV parameter differences between the groups of depressive patients and healthy controls at baseline. Further results show differences in HRV parameters within subjects after 2 weeks of antidepressant treatment. Change in HRV parameter values correlated with changes in symptom severity of depression. Discussion: The current results provide further insight into the relationship between HRV parameters and depression. This may help to underpin utilization of HRV parameters are bio-maker for disease state in depression. Results are discussed within a theoretical framework to link arousal and ANS regulation in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Hartmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Frank M Schmidt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Sander
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrich Hegerl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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