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Dratva MA, Banks SJ, Panizzon MS, Galasko D, Sundermann EE. Low testosterone levels relate to poorer cognitive function in women in an APOE-ε4-dependant manner. Biol Sex Differ 2024; 15:45. [PMID: 38835072 PMCID: PMC11151480 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-024-00620-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Past research suggests that low testosterone levels relate to poorer cognitive function and higher Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk; however, these findings are inconsistent and are mostly derived from male samples, despite similar age-related testosterone decline in females. Both animal and human studies demonstrate that testosterone's effects on brain health may be moderated by apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE-ε4) carrier status, which may explain some previous inconsistencies. We examined how testosterone relates to cognitive function in older women versus men across healthy aging and the AD continuum and the moderating role of APOE-ε4 genotype. METHODS Five hundred and sixty one participants aged 55-90 (155 cognitively normal (CN), 294 mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 112 AD dementia) from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), who had baseline cognitive and plasma testosterone data, as measured by the Rules Based Medicine Human DiscoveryMAP Panel were included. There were 213 females and 348 males (self-reported sex assigned at birth), and 52% of the overall sample were APOE-ε4 carriers. We tested the relationship of plasma testosterone levels and its interaction with APOE-ε4 status on clinical diagnostic group (CN vs. MCI vs. AD), global, and domain-specific cognitive performance using ANOVAs and linear regression models in sex-stratified samples. Cognitive domains included verbal memory, executive function, processing speed, and language. RESULTS We did not observe a significant difference in testosterone levels between clinical diagnostic groups in either sex, regrardless of APOE-ε4 status. Across clinical diagnostic group, we found a significant testosterone by APOE-ε4 interaction in females, such that lower testosterone levels related to worse global cognition, processing speed, and verbal memory in APOE-ε4 carriers only. We did not find that testosterone, nor its interaction with APOE-ε4, related to cognitive outcomes in males. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that low testosterone levels in older female APOE-ε4 carriers across the aging-MCI-AD continuum may have deleterious, domain-specific effects on cognitive performance. Although future studies including additional sex hormones and longitudinal cognitive trajectories are needed, our results highlight the importance of including both sexes and considering APOE-ε4 carrier status when examining testosterone's role in cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie A Dratva
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- UCSD ACTRI Building, 2W502-B8, 9452 Medical Center Drive (MC-0841), La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| | - Sarah J Banks
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Matthew S Panizzon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92092, USA
| | - Douglas Galasko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Erin E Sundermann
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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2
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Milionis C, Ilias I, Milioni SO, Venaki E, Koukkou E. Caring for the Older Transgender Adults: Social, Nursing, and Medical Challenges. Clin Nurs Res 2024; 33:277-284. [PMID: 38339880 DOI: 10.1177/10547738241231054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Aging is a challenging process for people with gender nonconformity. Indeed, the older transgender population faces several disparities in accessing and using health care and social support services. Furthermore, the clinical management of gender transition in later life is empirical since clear research evidence is lacking. This paper aimed to present the problems encountered by older transgender adults in their access to social support and health care and to propose insightful solutions to address them both from a social and medical/nursing perspective. Trans elders face profound disparities in health and social care due to factors associated with limited accessibility to health services, social restrictions, administrative failures, and physical vulnerabilities. The medical treatment of older transgender adults also needs a careful approach to achieve satisfying gender affirmation without clinically significant risks. The potential induction of hormone-sensitive malignancies and the provocation of major adverse vascular events are the main concerns. Gender transition in older adults without a prior history of following gender-affirming therapy is challenging due to biological factors related to advanced age. Caring for elderly trans people unfolds at multiple levels. International organizations and governmental bodies should address the underprivileged status of elderly transgender people by creating and implementing inclusive policies. Safe and respectful clinical and residential environments and the formation of clearer medical guidelines could meet the unique needs of older trans adults. Care providers must advocate for their patients and be equipped to provide safe and effective services.
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Ma K, Li M, Song Y, Mao X, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Ji C, Niu K, Li H, Hou Y, Wei C. Bazi Bushen alleviates reproductive aging in aged male mice. Chin J Nat Med 2024; 22:416-425. [PMID: 38796215 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(24)60639-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Bazi Bushen (BZBS), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in testicular dysfunction within D-galactose and NaNO2 mouse models. This study aimed to ascertain if BZBS could also mitigate the decline in testicular function associated with natural aging. Therefore, male aged mice were employed to evaluate the preventive effects of BZBS on male reproductive aging. This was achieved by assessing sex hormone production, testicular histomorphology, and spermatogenesis. Relative to the untreated aged control group, BZBS administration elevated the levels of sex hormones and spermatocyte populations and preserved normal testicular structure in aged mice. Notably, spermatogenesis was maintained. Further analyses, including malondialdehyde (MDA) assays and real-time PCR, indicated that BZBS diminished testicular oxidative stress and the inflammatory burden. Corroborating these findings, mice treated with BZBS exhibited reductions in the populations of senescent and apoptotic cells within the seminiferous tubules, suggesting alleviated cellular damage. In contrast, we observed that rapamycin, a drug known for its longevity benefits, induced excessive testicular apoptosis and did not decrease lipid peroxidation. Collectively, our results highlight BZBS's promising clinical potential in counteracting male reproductive aging, underlining its mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Ma
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, China
| | - Mengnan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang 050035, China; Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Yahui Song
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, China; State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Xinjing Mao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine·College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Luobing, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Shaolan Zhang
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, China; Key Disciplines of State Administration of TCM for Luobing, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, China; Key Disciplines of State Administration of TCM for Luobing, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Yuning Jiang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine·College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Luobing, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Chuanyuan Ji
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine·College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Luobing, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Kunxu Niu
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang 050035, China; Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Luobing, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Hongrong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang 050035, China; Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Luobing, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Yunlong Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang 050035, China; Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Luobing, Shijiazhuang 050035, China.
| | - Cong Wei
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, China; State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang 050035, China.
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4
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Lee S, Kim J, Kong H, Kim YS. Ameliorative effects of elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) extract and extract-derived monosaccharide-amino acid on H2O2-induced decrease in testosterone-deficiency syndrome in a TM3 Leydig cell. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302403. [PMID: 38662754 PMCID: PMC11045058 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
With aging, men develop testosterone-deficiency syndrome (TDS). The development is closely associated with age-related mitochondrial dysfunction of Leydig cell and oxidative stress-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS). Testosterone-replacement therapy (TRT) is used to improve the symptoms of TDS. However, due to its various side effects, research on functional ingredients derived from natural products that do not have side effects is urgently needed. In this study, using the mitochondrial dysfunction TM3 (mouse Leydig) cells, in which testosterone biosynthesis is reduced by H2O2, we evaluated the effects of elderberry extract and monosaccharide-amino acid (fructose-leucine; FL) on mRNA and protein levels related to steroidogenesis-related enzymes steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), cytochrome P450 11A1(CYP11A1, cytochrome P450 17A1(CYP17A1), cytochrome P450 19A1(CYP19A1, aromatase), 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD), and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase(17β-HSD). We analyzed elderberry extract and extract-derived FL for changes in ROS scavenging activity and testosterone secretion. Elderberry extract and FL significantly reduced H2O2-induced intracellular ROS levels, improved testosterone secretion, and increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of steroidogenesis-related enzymes (StAR, 3b-HSD, 17b-HSD, CYP11A1, CYp17A1). However, the conversion of testosterone to estradiol was inhibited by elderberry extract and extract-derived FL, which reduced the mRNA and protein expression of CYP19A1. In conclusion, elderberry extract and FL are predicted to have value as novel functional ingredients that may contribute to the prevention of TDS by ameliorating reduced steroidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujung Lee
- Gochang Food & Industry Institute, Gochang, Korea
- Department of Food Science & Technology Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | | | - Hyunseok Kong
- College of Animal Biotechnology and Resource, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Korea
- PADAM Natural Material Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Suk Kim
- Department of Food Science & Technology Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
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5
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Xiaohu J, Su G, Yuying Z, Simin C, Wenyan W, Jingjing Y, Meiqiu Y, Jing L, Jie S, Suhong C, Guiyuan L. Traditional Chinese Medicine formula Wubi Shanyao Pills protects against reproductive aging by activating SIRT1/3 to reduce apoptosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116976. [PMID: 37524234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The study of male reproductive aging and its associated concerns holds significant importance within the realm of health issues affecting the elderly population. Wubi Shanyao Pills (WSP), a traditional Chinese patent medicine originating from the Tang Dynasty, has been recognized for its ability to enhance male sexual functions while also tonifying the kidney and spleen. Nevertheless, the precise effects and underlying mechanisms through which WSP ameliorates the decline in reproductive function among aging men remain uncertain. AIM OF THE STUDY This study elucidated the distinctive impacts of WSP on ameliorating the decline in reproductive function caused by natural aging, as well as its underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Initially, male mice at the age of 15 months were administered WSP orally at doses of 0.375, 0.75, and 1.50 g/kg per day for a duration of 8 consecutive weeks. The impact of WSP on age-related manifestations in naturally aging mice was assessed based on their behavioral performance. The renal function of the mice was evaluated by measuring serum biochemical indicators, including Creatinine (CR), Uric acid (UA), and Blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Additionally, Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Malonaldehyde (MDA) levels in renal tissue were determined using applied chemistry methods. Then assessed the levels of Nitric oxide (NO), Total nitric oxide synthase (T-NOS), Guanosine cyclase (GC), and Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in the penile tissue, as well as the expression of Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and Guanylate Cyclase Activator (GUCA) protein, in order to investigate the erectile function of the penis. Additionally, the quality of epididymal sperm was examined using an electron microscope. Furthermore, the serum sex hormone level and related protein expression were determined through the utilization of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemistry techniques. Pathological alterations and the ultrastructure of the testis were investigated using hematoxylin-eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy. Subsequently, the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells in the testes was assessed employing TUNEL, immunofluorescence, western blotting, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The administration of WSP has been found to enhance the behavioral performance and sexual behavior in aged mice. It's also could increase in serum levels of CR, UA, and BUN, as well as the elevation of SOD activity in kidney tissue, which subsequently leads to a reduction in MDA levels and an improvement in the structural damage caused by aging in the kidney tissue. Consequently, the renal function is enhanced. Additionally, WSP has been observed to elevate the levels of NO, T-NOS, GC, and cGMP in penile tissue, along with an increase in eNOS and GUCA protein expression, indicating an improvement in penile erectile function. The administration of WSP resulted in a decrease in the occurrence of programmed cell death in testicular germ cells, leading to an enhancement in sperm quality and the overall function of testicular spermatogenesis. This improvement can be attributed to the modulation of hormone levels and the regulation of SIRT1/3, p53, FOXO3, Bax, and Caspase-3 expression. CONCLUSION Collectively, our findings indicate that the administration of WSP has the potential to impede the occurrence of programmed cell death in testicular cells by modulating the expression of SIRT1/3 and subsequent genes associated with apoptosis. Consequently, this regulatory mechanism facilitates the proliferation of testicular cells and sustains the spermatogenic function of the testes. Consequently, by modulating the levels of sexual hormones in naturally aging mice, WSP ultimately enhances the quality of sperm and reproductive function. Concurrently, it also ameliorates age-related behavioral changes, renal function, and erectile function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xiaohu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Gao Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Zhong Yuying
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Chen Simin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Wu Wenyan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yu Jingjing
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yan Meiqiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Liu Jing
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Su Jie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Chen Suhong
- Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
| | - Lv Guiyuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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6
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Zhuang W, Sun N, Gu C, Liu S, Zheng Y, Wang H, Tong X, Song J. A literature review on Epimedium, a medicinal plant with promising slow aging properties. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21226. [PMID: 38027566 PMCID: PMC10665689 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance Aging is related to many factors, such as genes, oxidative damage, metabolic abnormalities, immune regulation and sex hormones. This article reviews the pharmacological mechanism of Epimedium on slow aging from six aspects: gene regulation, antioxidant, the regulation of metabolism, the modulation of the immune system, the regulation of sex hormone, and clinical efficacy.Aim of the studyThrough literature review, to discover the potential pharmacological mechanism of Epimedium for slow aging. Materials and methods We reviewed the literature on the applications of Epimedium in multiple systems and the potential underlying mechanisms with systematic and comprehensive illustrations. The review includes the following aspects: gene regulation, antioxidant, the regulation of metabolism, the modulation of the immune system, the regulation of sex hormone, clinical efficacy and safety. Results The slow aging active components of Epimedium may be flavonoids, such as Epimedins A, B, C and icariin The slow aging effect of Epimedium may be related to gene regulation, antioxidant, the regulation of metabolism, the modulation of the immune system, and the regulation of sex hormone. No severe adverse reaction has been reported. Conclusions Epimedium has potential slow aging effect and been widely used in the clinic for aging-related diseases in the real world in China; however, large-scale studies are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhuang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Gerontic Disease Clinical Research Center, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Nan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Mentougou District Hospital,Beijing, China
| | - Chengjuan Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine(Futian),Shenzhen, China
| | - Shimeng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujiao Zheng
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China, Beijing, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, China
| | - Juexian Song
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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7
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Hackett G, Kirby M, Rees RW, Jones TH, Muneer A, Livingston M, Ossei-Gerning N, David J, Foster J, Kalra PA, Ramachandran S. The British Society for Sexual Medicine Guidelines on Male Adult Testosterone Deficiency, with Statements for Practice. World J Mens Health 2023:41.e33. [PMID: 36876744 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.221027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Testosterone deficiency (TD) is an increasingly common problem with significant health implications, but its diagnosis and management can be challenging. A multi-disciplinary panel from BSSM reviewed the available literature on TD and provide evidence-based statements for clinical practice. Evidence was derived from Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane searches on hypogonadism, testosterone therapy (T Therapy) and cardiovascular safety from May 2017 to September 2022. This revealed 1,714 articles, including 52 clinical trials and 32 placebo-controlled randomised controlled trials. A total of twenty-five statements are provided, relating to five key areas: screening, diagnosis, initiating T Therapy, benefits and risks of T Therapy, and follow-up. Seven statements are supported by level 1 evidence, eight by level 2, five by level 3, and five by level 4. Recent studies have demonstrated that low levels of testosterone in men are associated with increased risk of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus, worse outcomes in chronic kidney disease and COVID 19 infection with increased all-cause mortality, along with significant quality of life implications. These guidelines should help practitioners to effectively diagnose and manage primary and age-related TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Hackett
- Department of Urology, Spire Hospital, Little Aston, Birmingham, UK.,Department of Urology, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Michael Kirby
- Trends in Urology and Men's Health, Letchworth, UK.,Faculty of Health & Human Sciences, University of Hertfordshire & The Prostate Centre, London, UK
| | - Rowland W Rees
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Southampton and UCLH, London, UK
| | - T Hugh Jones
- Department of Endocrinology, Barnsley Hospital, Barnsley, UK.,Department of Biochemistry, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK
| | - Asif Muneer
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre UCLH, London, UK
| | - Mark Livingston
- Department of Biochemistry, Black Country Pathology Services, Walsall Manor Hospital, Walsall, UK
| | - Nick Ossei-Gerning
- Cardiff and Vale NHS Trust, Cardiff, UK.,University of South Wales TDS, Bridgend, UK.,Department of Cardiology, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | | | | | - Philip A Kalra
- Department of Nephrology, NCA, Salford Royal Hospital, Salford, UK
| | - Sudarshan Ramachandran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton Coldfield, West Midlands, UK
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8
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Dietrich PN, Doolittle J, Brink S, Hanna D, Fitzgerald J, Dadhich P, Sandlow JI, Kansal J, Bajic P. An Online Investigation Into Direct-to-Consumer Men's Health Clinics: The Who, What, and Where. Urology 2023; 174:135-140. [PMID: 36736913 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2023.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize direct-to-consumer (DTC) men's health clinics by reviewing their online content. Increasing numbers of patients are seeking treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED) and hypogonadism from DTC "men's health" clinics. Treatments are often used off-label, with lack of transparency of provider credentials and qualifications. METHODS We identified DTC Men's Health Clinics in the United States by internet search by state using the terms, "Men's Health Clinic," and "Low T Center." All stand-alone clinics were reviewed. RESULTS Two hundred and twenty-three clinics were reviewed, with 147 (65.9%) offered ED treatments and 196 (87.9%) offering testosterone replacement, and 120 (53.8%) offering both ED treatment and testosterone replacement. Of those clinics offering ED treatments, 93 (63.3%) advertised shockwave therapy and 84 (57.1%) PRP therapy. There were 56 (38%) who offered shockwave therapy and PRP. ICI was significantly more likely to be offered if there was a urologist on staff (p <.001). Clinic providers represented 20 different medical and alternative medicine specialties. Internal medicine was most common (17.4%), followed by family medicine (11.1%). A nonphysician (nurse practitioner or physician assistant) was listed as the primary provider in 10 clinics (4.5%) and 45 clinics (20.1%) did not list their providers. Urologists were listed as the primary provider in 10.3% of clinics. A naturopathic provider was listed as a staff member in 22 (11.6%) of clinics. CONCLUSION There is significant heterogeneity and misinformation available to the public regarding men's health. Familiarity with and insight into practice patterns of "men's health" clinics will help provide informed patient care and counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter N Dietrich
- Department of Urology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.
| | | | - Sarah Brink
- Department of Urology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Daniel Hanna
- Department of Urology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - John Fitzgerald
- Department of Urology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Pranav Dadhich
- Department of Urology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Jay I Sandlow
- Department of Urology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Jagan Kansal
- Department of Urology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Petar Bajic
- Center for Men's Health, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
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9
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Ketchem JM, Bowman EJ, Isales CM. Male sex hormones, aging, and inflammation. Biogerontology 2023; 24:1-25. [PMID: 36596999 PMCID: PMC9810526 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-10002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Adequate levels of androgens (eugonadism), and specifically testosterone, are vital compounds for male quality of life, longevity, and positive health outcomes. Testosterone exerts its effects by binding to the androgen receptor, which is expressed in numerous tissues throughout the body. Significant research has been conducted on the impact of this steroid hormone on skeletal, muscle and adipose tissues and on the cardiovascular, immune, and nervous systems. Testosterone levels have also been studied in relation to the impact of diseases, aging, nutrition and the environment on its circulating levels. Conversely, the impact of testosterone on health has also been evaluated with respect to its cardiac and vascular protective effects, body composition, autoimmunity and all-cause mortality. The male aging process results in decreasing testosterone levels over time. The exact mechanisms and impact of these changes in testosterone levels with age on health- and life-span are still not completely clear. Further research is needed to determine the optimal testosterone and androgen levels to protect from chronic age-related conditions such as frailty and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M. Ketchem
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
| | | | - Carlos M. Isales
- grid.410427.40000 0001 2284 9329Departments of Medicine, Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
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10
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Minna K, Addepalli S, Wadivkar A, Pailla R, Thakkar N, Balem S. Study of Gonadal Hormones in Males With Liver Cirrhosis and Its Correlation With Child-Turcotte-Pugh and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease Scores. Cureus 2023; 15:e34035. [PMID: 36814749 PMCID: PMC9940619 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Liver cirrhosis influences gonadal hormone metabolism by multiple mechanisms and causes gonadal dysfunction. This study aimed to study sex hormones in males with cirrhosis and determine their correlation with prognostic scores. METHODS An observational study was conducted between October 2019 and August 2021 in India. Sixty males with liver cirrhosis and 60 healthy age-matched controls were enrolled. Serum-free testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and prolactin (Prl) were checked. Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD-Na) scores were calculated. RESULTS Mean age of patients was 46.9±8.38 years. Forty-three were alcoholics. A total of 29 (48.33%) patients had low levels of free T. Cirrhotic males had lower testosterone and higher estradiol levels and lower T:E2 ratio compared to controls. Levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and prolactin were comparable. Lower testosterone was significantly associated with advancing age, alcoholism, duration of cirrhosis, loss of libido, and ascites. The higher the CTP scores, the lower the free testosterone levels and the higher the E2 levels. There was no significant association between low free testosterone levels and MELD-Na score. CONCLUSIONS Age, alcohol, duration of disease, and low albumin levels are risk factors for hypogonadism in cirrhosis. There was a significant positive correlation between low free testosterone levels and poor CTP scores.
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11
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Matta RA, Farrage HM, Saedii AA, Abdelrahman MM. Male subclinical hypogonadism and late-onset hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism: mechanisms, endothelial function, and interplay between reproductive hormones, undercarboxylated osteocalcin, and endothelial dysfunction. Aging Male 2022; 25:72-87. [PMID: 35291927 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2022.2049744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathogenesis and endothelial function in subclinical hypogonadism (SCH) remain unclear. Undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) participates in atherosclerosis and reproduction. We explored the underlying mechanisms and interplay of endothelial dysfunction, unOC and reproductive hormones in SCH and primary late-onset hypogonadism (LOH). METHODS In the SCH, LOH, and healthy eugonadal male groups, we measured serum unOC, calculated luteinizing hormone/testosterone (LH/T), LH.T product, and estradiol/T (E/T) as indicators of impaired Leydig cells, androgen sensitivity index (ASI), and aromatase activity, respectively (LH set-point regulators), and assessed flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery (FMD%), carotid-intima media thickness (CIMT), and aortic stiffness (AS). RESULTS ↑LH/T, ↑ASI, ↓aromatase activity, normal T, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels, ↑unOC, and enhanced atherosclerotic markers (↓FMD%, ↑CIMT, ↑AS) are characteristics of SCH. Testosterone was positively correlated with FMD% in SCH. The independent predictors were: SHBG and LH for FMD% and CIMT, respectively, and LH/T, ucOC, FSH, estradiol, and E/T ratio for AS in the LOH group; and LH for FMD% & AS and LH and LH/T for CIMT in all study subjects. CONCLUSIONS SCH is a distinct clinical entity characterized by impaired androgen sensitivity and aromatase activity, compensatory elevated unOC, endothelial dysfunction, and anti-atherogenic role of testosterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragaa Abedelshaheed Matta
- Diabetes and Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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12
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Carrageta DF, Guerra-Carvalho B, Spadella MA, Yeste M, Oliveira PF, Alves MG. Animal models of male reproductive ageing to study testosterone production and spermatogenesis. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 23:1341-1360. [PMID: 35604584 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-022-09726-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is the time-dependent gradual decline of the functional characteristics in an organism. It has been shown that it results in the loss of reproductive health and fertility. The age-dependent decline of fertility is a potential issue as the parenthood age is increasing in Western countries, mostly due to socioeconomic factors. In comparison to women, for whom the consequences of ageing are well documented and general awareness of the population is extensively raised, the effects of ageing for male fertility and the consequences of advanced paternal age for the offspring have not been widely studied. Studies with humans are welcome but it is hard to implement relevant experimental approaches to unveil the molecular mechanisms by which ageing affects male reproductive potential. Animal models have thus been extensively used. These models are advantageous due to their reduced costs, general easy maintenance in laboratory facilities, rigorous manipulation tools, short lifespan, known genetic backgrounds, and reduced ethical constraints. Herein, we discuss animal models for the study of male reproductive ageing. The most well-known and studied reproductive ageing models are rodents and non-human primates. The data collected from these models, particularly studies on testicular ageing, steroidogenesis, and genetic and epigenetic changes in spermatogenesis are detailed. Notably, some species challenge the currently accepted ageing theories and the concept of senescence itself, which renders them interesting animal models for the study of male reproductive ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- David F Carrageta
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, UMIB - Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS - School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Guerra-Carvalho
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, UMIB - Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS - School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry, QOPNA & LAQV, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Marc Yeste
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, ES-17003, Girona, Spain
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, ES-17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, QOPNA & LAQV, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marco G Alves
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, UMIB - Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS - School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, ES-17003, Girona, Spain.
- Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, ES-17003, Girona, Spain.
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13
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Amitani H, Chiba S, Amitani M, Michihara S, Takemoto R, Han L, Fujita N, Takahashi R, Inui A. Impact of Ninjin’yoeito on frailty and short life in klotho-hypomorphic (kl/kl) mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:973897. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.973897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the recent aging of society, the prevention of frailty has become an important issue because people desire both a long and healthy lifespan. Klotho-hypomorphic (kl/kl) mice are known to show phenotypes of premature aging. Ninjin’yoeito (NYT) is a traditional Japanese Kampo medicine used to treat patients with vulnerable constitution, fatigue or physical exhaustion caused by aging and illness. Recent studies have reported the potential efficacy of NYT against frailty. We therefore evaluated the effect of NYT on the gait function, activity, the histopathological status of organs and survival using kl/kl mice as a model of aging-related frailty. Two sets of 28-day-old male kl/kl mice were assigned to the vehicle (non-treated; NT), 3% or 5% NYT dietary groups. One set of groups (NT, n = 18; 3% NYT, n = 11; 5% NYT, n = 11) was subjected to the analysis of free walking, rotarod, and spontaneous activity tests at approximately 58 days old. Thereafter, we measured triceps surae muscles weight and myofiber cross-sectional area (CSA), and quantified its telomere content. In addition, we evaluated bone strength and performed histopathological examinations of organs. Survival was measured in the second set of groups (NT, 3% NYT and 5% NYT group, n = 8 each). In the walking test, several indicators such as gait velocity were improved in the NYT 3% group. Similar results were obtained for the latency to fall in the rotarod test and spontaneous motor activity. Triceps muscle mass, CSA and its telomere content were significantly improved in the NYT 3% group. Bone density, pulmonary alveolus destruction and testicular atrophy were also significantly improved in the NYT 3% group. Survival rate and body weight were both significantly improved in the NYT3% group compared with those in the NT group. Continuous administration of NYT from the early stage of aging improved not only gait performance, but also the survival in the aging-related frailty model. This effect may be associated with the improvements in aging-related organ changes such as muscle atrophy. Intervention with NYT against the progression of frailty may contribute to a longer, healthier life span among the elderly individuals.
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14
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de Siqueira Guedes J, Pla I, Sahlin KB, Monnerat G, Appelqvist R, Marko-Varga G, Giwercman A, Domont GB, Sanchez A, Nogueira FCS, Malm J. Plasma metabolome study reveals metabolic changes induced by pharmacological castration and testosterone supplementation in healthy young men. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15931. [PMID: 36151245 PMCID: PMC9508133 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19494-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Testosterone is a hormone that plays a key role in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism. Testosterone deficiency is associated with multiple comorbidities, e.g., metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Despite its importance in many metabolic pathways, the mechanisms by which it controls metabolism are not fully understood. The present study investigated the short-term metabolic changes of pharmacologically induced castration and, subsequently, testosterone supplementation in healthy young males. Thirty subjects were submitted to testosterone depletion (TD) followed by testosterone supplementation (TS). Plasma samples were collected three times corresponding to basal, low, and restored testosterone levels. An untargeted metabolomics study was performed by liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC–HRMS) to monitor the metabolic changes induced by the altered hormone levels. Our results demonstrated that TD was associated with major metabolic changes partially restored by TS. Carnitine and amino acid metabolism were the metabolic pathways most impacted by variations in testosterone. Furthermore, our results also indicated that LH and FSH might strongly alter the plasma levels of indoles and lipids, especially glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids. Our results demonstrated major metabolic changes induced by low testosterone that may be important for understanding the mechanisms behind the association of testosterone deficiency and its comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica de Siqueira Guedes
- Laboratory of Proteomics, LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-598, Brazil.,Proteomics Unit, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Indira Pla
- Clinical Protein Science and Imaging, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Centre, Lund University, BMC D13, 221 84, Lund, Sweden.,Section for Clinical Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - K Barbara Sahlin
- Clinical Protein Science and Imaging, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Centre, Lund University, BMC D13, 221 84, Lund, Sweden.,Section for Clinical Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Gustavo Monnerat
- Laboratory of Proteomics, LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-598, Brazil.,National Institute of Cardiology, Rio de Janeiro, 22240-006, Brazil
| | - Roger Appelqvist
- Clinical Protein Science and Imaging, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Centre, Lund University, BMC D13, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - György Marko-Varga
- Clinical Protein Science and Imaging, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Centre, Lund University, BMC D13, 221 84, Lund, Sweden.,First Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjiku Shinjiku-ku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Aleksander Giwercman
- Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, 214 28, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Gilberto Barbosa Domont
- Proteomics Unit, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Aniel Sanchez
- Clinical Protein Science and Imaging, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Centre, Lund University, BMC D13, 221 84, Lund, Sweden. .,Section for Clinical Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Fábio César Sousa Nogueira
- Laboratory of Proteomics, LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-598, Brazil. .,Proteomics Unit, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909, Brazil.
| | - Johan Malm
- Clinical Protein Science and Imaging, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Centre, Lund University, BMC D13, 221 84, Lund, Sweden.,Section for Clinical Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
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15
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Rajan P, Tharakan T, Chen R. Safety of androgen therapy in men with prostate cancer. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 36:101628. [PMID: 35248487 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2022.101628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies in men worldwide and the life expectancy for men with prostate cancer is improving due to advancements in diagnostics and treatment. Male hypogonadism is associated with obesity, diabetes, and other comorbidities and also has been linked with increasing age; the primary therapy modality for this condition is testosterone replacement therapy (TRT). There are concerns that testosterone therapy may cause prostate cancer disease progression. However, contemporary evidence suggests that testosterone replacement therapy may be safe in specific groups of patients with prostate cancer. This chapter will summarise the contemporary literature regarding TRT use in hypogonadal men with prostate cancer, including limitations and future research goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Rajan
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Tharu Tharakan
- Urology Department, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Rd, London W6 8RF, UK.
| | - Runzhi Chen
- Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College Rd, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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16
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Yao S, Wei X, Deng W, Wang B, Cai J, Huang Y, Lai X, Qiu Y, Wang Y, Guan Y, Wang J. Nestin-dependent mitochondria-ER contacts define stem Leydig cell differentiation to attenuate male reproductive ageing. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4020. [PMID: 35821241 PMCID: PMC9276759 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31755-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Male reproductive system ageing is closely associated with deficiency in testosterone production due to loss of functional Leydig cells, which are differentiated from stem Leydig cells (SLCs). However, the relationship between SLC differentiation and ageing remains unknown. In addition, active lipid metabolism during SLC differentiation in the reproductive system requires transportation and processing of substrates among multiple organelles, e.g., mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER), highlighting the importance of interorganelle contact. Here, we show that SLC differentiation potential declines with disordered intracellular homeostasis during SLC senescence. Mechanistically, loss of the intermediate filament Nestin results in lower differentiation capacity by separating mitochondria-ER contacts (MERCs) during SLC senescence. Furthermore, pharmacological intervention by melatonin restores Nestin-dependent MERCs, reverses SLC differentiation capacity and alleviates male reproductive system ageing. These findings not only explain SLC senescence from a cytoskeleton-dependent MERCs regulation mechanism, but also suggest a promising therapy targeting SLC differentiation for age-related reproductive system diseases. The regulatory mechanisms contributing to male reproductive ageing are unknown. Here, the authors show that Nestin-dependent mito-ER contacts (MERCs) regulate stem Leydig cell (SLC) senescence and provide insights into SLCs-targeting therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senyu Yao
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.,Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiaoyue Wei
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.,Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wenrui Deng
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.,Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Boyan Wang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.,Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jianye Cai
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Department of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center of the Third Affiliated Hospital, Organ Transplantation Institute, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yinong Huang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiaofan Lai
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuan Qiu
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuanjun Guan
- Core Facility of Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiancheng Wang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China. .,Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China. .,Department of Hematology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
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17
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Vishnevsky G, Sinnreich R, Nassar H, Merom D, Ish-Shalom M, Kark JD, Levine H. Different Factors Are Associated With Sex Hormones and Leydig Cell Function in Israelis and Palestinians in Jerusalem. Am J Mens Health 2022; 16:15579883221106060. [PMID: 35815720 PMCID: PMC9277445 DOI: 10.1177/15579883221106060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Total testosterone (TT) is known to influence health and virility in men. Among
men from United States and Europe, numerous sociodemographic and lifestyle
factors were reported to be associated with TT. However, associations with TT
and Leydig cell function in the Middle East are poorly described. A
cross-sectional, population-based sample had a structured interview, physical
examinations, and blood tests in two hospitals in Jerusalem, Israel. A subsample
(25- to 44-year-old men, n = 286: 124 Israelis, 162
Palestinians) had sex hormone measurements. The primary outcomes were TT and
free testosterone/luteinizing hormone (FT/LH) ratio, representing Leydig cell
function. Associations with sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, body mass
index (BMI), and physical activity (PA) were evaluated using multivariable
linear regression. Compared with Palestinians, Israelis had similar TT (4.81 vs.
5.09 ng/mL, p = .405) and higher FT/LH (31.2 vs. 25.8 ng/IU,
p = .002). In ln-transformed values, marital status had a
stronger association in Palestinians (P for interaction = 0.03). Age, BMI, and
PA had a stronger association with TT in Israelis with significant interactions
with ethnicity. BMI <25 and a higher PA quartile were associated with a
higher TT (p < .001). Among Israelis, age
(p = .007), married marital status (p =
.007), and BMI <25 were significantly associated with FT/LH. No associations
of any factors were identified among Palestinians. Associations with several
modifiable factors identified in Western samples were replicated in Israelis and
to a lesser degree in Palestinians. Different relationships of several factors
with TT and FT/LH could result from ethnically diverse genetic,
sociodemographic, and behavioral characteristics that warrant further
research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Vishnevsky
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hadassah University Medical Center, The Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ronit Sinnreich
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hadassah University Medical Center, The Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hisham Nassar
- Department of Cardiology, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dafna Merom
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Maya Ish-Shalom
- The Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jeremy D Kark
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hadassah University Medical Center, The Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hagai Levine
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hadassah University Medical Center, The Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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18
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Yoo TK, Park SH, Park SJ, Lee JY. Impact of Sex on the Association between Flexibility and Arterial Stiffness in Older Adults. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58060789. [PMID: 35744052 PMCID: PMC9229439 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58060789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Flexibility is one of the most important physical fitness parameters in the geriatric population. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is a measure of systemic arterial stiffness. However, data on the association between flexibility and arterial stiffness in the older adult population are limited. Therefore, we aim to investigate this association by using the sit-and-reach test (SRT) and measuring baPWV. Materials and Methods: We reviewed data from the 2014-2015 Korean Institute of Sports Science Fitness Standards Project. Individuals older than 65 years with SRT and baPWV data were included. A generalized linear regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between flexibility and arterial stiffness. Multiple relevant confounding factors were adjusted. Results: A total of 615 individuals were included in the analysis. The mean age of the male and female participants was 71.44 ± 4.42 and 70.64 ± 4.13 years, respectively. The mean SRT result was 6.58 ± 9.97 and 18.04 ± 7.48 cm, respectively. After multivariable adjustment among the male participants, the higher SRT result tertiles were inversely associated with baPWV (β (95% confidence interval): 3.11-11.00 cm, -74.45 (-140.93, -8.55); ≥11.01 cm, -108.17 (-177.65, -38.70)) in comparison with the lowest tertile. The female participants did not show any significant correlation between the SRT result and baPWV. Conclusions: Our results suggest an inverse association between trunk flexibility and systemic arterial stiffness, expressed as the SRT result and baPWV, respectively, in older Korean men but no association in older Korean women. Sex differences might influence the association between flexibility and arterial stiffness in the older adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Kyung Yoo
- Department of Medicine, MetroWest Medical Center, Framingham, MA 01702, USA;
| | - Soo-Hyun Park
- Department of Sport Science, Korea Institute of Sport Science, Seoul 01794, Korea;
| | - Sae-Jong Park
- Department of Sport Science, Korea Institute of Sport Science, Seoul 01794, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.-J.P.); (J.-Y.L.); Tel.: +82-2-970-9562 (S.-J.P.); +82-2-2001-2001 (J.-Y.L.)
| | - Jong-Young Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-J.P.); (J.-Y.L.); Tel.: +82-2-970-9562 (S.-J.P.); +82-2-2001-2001 (J.-Y.L.)
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19
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The association between Parkinson's disease and Sexual dysfunction: Clinical correlation and therapeutic implications. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 79:101665. [PMID: 35690383 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sexual function which comprises of desire, arousal, orgasm and satisfaction and pain, involves coordinated physiologic responses from multiple different pathways. Sexual dysfunction (SD) occurs when these domains of the sexual response cycle are affected. SD is a common but under-recognized non-motor feature in Parkinson's disease (PD), a common age-related neurodegenerative disorder. SD significantly affects the quality of life of PD patients and their partners. Advanced age, gender, hormone deficiency, neuropsychiatric and medical comorbidities contribute to SD in PD. Possible potential pathological mechanisms include vasculogenic, endocrinologic, neurogenic and psychogenic factors. Various therapeutic interventions, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological modalities have been suggested to improve SD in PD. However, erectile dysfunction (ED) is the only SD with evidence-based treatment available. Non-pharmacological therapies are also offering promising evidence in the improvement of SD. A multidisciplinary approach in the assessment, investigation, and treatment is needed to address the real life complex issues (gender and comorbidities, neurobiological, vasoactive, hormonal as well as psychosocial aspects). Future clinical studies with validated and standardized methods in assessing SD as well as experimental models will be necessary for better insight into the pathophysiology. This would facilitate appropriate therapy and improve sexual rehabilitation in PD patients.
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20
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Das K, Patil A, Goren A, Cockerell CJ, Goldust M. Androgens and COVID-19. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:3176-3180. [PMID: 35576054 PMCID: PMC9348029 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background The humans have been disproportionately affected by the coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic. The novel coronavirus or the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐COV2) causing coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) has spread across the globe. Androgens have been suggested to have a role in COVID‐19 pathogenesis. Objective The objective of this review article is to study the link between androgens and COVID‐19. Methodology PubMed and Google Scholar search was performed to retrieve literature related to the topic. Review articles, clinical trials, retrospective studies, observational studies, and case–control studies were considered for the review. Results Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infected men are more inclined to be hospitalized for intensive care unit (ICU) as compared with women. This difference in the ICU admissions provides some clue for possible influence of androgens in the severity of COVID‐19. The contribution of androgen and androgen receptor in COVID‐19 disease and its severity, as well as the numerous medications targeting androgen and its receptor for lowering COVID‐19 disease severity, are discussed in this review. Available literature suggests the role of androgen in the pathogenesis and severity of COVID‐19. Sensitivity for androgen may be an important factor in regulating the severity of COVID‐19 disease. Conclusion There is a scope for the development of COVID‐19 treatments based on androgen suppression. Clinical trials may furnish pivotal data and add more evidence‐based options for the management of COVID‐19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinnor Das
- Consultant Dermatolgist, Apollo clinic, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Anant Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. DY Patil Medical College, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Andy Goren
- University of Rome G. Marconi, Rome, Italy
| | - Clay J Cockerell
- Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Cockerell Dermatopathology, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Mohamad Goldust
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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21
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Gryzinski GM, Bernie HL. Testosterone deficiency and the aging male. Int J Impot Res 2022; 34:630-634. [PMID: 35393533 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-022-00555-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Testosterone deficiency (TD), also known as male hypogonadism, is a complex syndrome encompassing physical, biochemical, and social aspects that increasingly affects the aging population. TD has been analyzed over recent decades, with an enhanced focus on etiologies relating to aging males. There is debate whether testosterone decline leading to hypogonadism is directly and primarily related to age-specific processes or if it is the subsequent result of accumulating comorbidities throughout a lifetime. Several studies have been done to further characterize this distinction. Chronic comorbidities that have commonly been associated with TD include hypertension (HTN), cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and tobacco use. Although clear associations between hypogonadism and aging have been biochemically demonstrated, many large studies have illustrated the concomitant effects of highly prevalent chronic diseases and social behaviors in aging men. Given the significant impact of hypogonadism on the physical and mental health of men, this paper aims to delve into these studies and further define the complex relationship of testosterone deficiency in the aging male.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helen L Bernie
- Department of Urology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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22
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Exploring the Role of Testosterone Replacement Therapy in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer: A Review of Safety. URO 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/uro2010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Increased risk of prostate diseases triggered by testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) remains a worldwide concern. That said, we reviewed the safety of TRT in the spheres of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa), exploring clinical findings in this regard. Compelling evidence based on meta-analyses of randomized and observational studies indicates safety for TRT in patients suffering from prostate disorders such as BPH and PCa, at the same time improving lower tract urinary symptoms. Thus, the harmful relationship geared toward androgens and BPH seems to be overestimated as TRT has sufficient safety and, if properly prescribed, may counteract several metabolic problems. Even after PCa treatment, the benefits of TRT could outweigh the risk of recurrence, but further long-term randomized clinical trials are needed to elucidate unresolved questions.
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23
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Sreeramaneni PGA, Yalamanchi A, Konda MR, Cherukuri SHV, Maroon JC. A Proprietary Herbal Blend Containing Extracts of Punica granatum Fruit Rind and Theobroma cocoa Seeds Increases Serum Testosterone Level in Healthy Young Males: A Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study. J Diet Suppl 2022; 20:411-427. [PMID: 35129040 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2022.2035037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
LN18178 is a proprietary herbal blend containing extracts of Punica granatum fruit rind and Theobroma cocoa seeds. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of LN18178 on serum testosterone levels in healthy young adults in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. One hundred and twenty male volunteers (age 21-35 years) were randomized into three groups. Each group (n = 40) received a daily dose of either placebo or 200 or 400 mg LN18178 for fifty-six days. An increase in serum testosterone (free and total) was the primary efficacy measure of the study. The secondary measures included dihydrotestosterone (DHT), cortisol, Luteinizing hormone (LH), 17β-Estradiol (E2), hand grip strength, and the mid-upper arm circumferences (MUAC). The vital signs and clinical chemistry parameters in blood and urine were performed to determine product safety. Post-intervention, both doses of LN18178 significantly increased free testosterone (p < 0.0001 vs. baseline; p = 0.0268 and p < 0.0001, respectively vs. placebo). The high dose group showed significant increases in total testosterone (p < 0.0001 vs. baseline; p = 0.0184 vs. placebo) and luteinizing hormone (p < 0.0007 vs. baseline; p = 0.0470 vs. placebo). The changes in other hormones were not significant. At post-trial, the LN18178-400 group showed significant improvements in the hand grip strength and mid-upper arm circumference. The hemato-biochemical parameters, urinalysis, and vital signs of the participants were within the normal range. Together, these observations suggest that LN18178 is a safe and tolerable herbal blend; it increases testosterone level and increases muscle strength and MUAC in young, healthy males.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/19390211.2022.2035037 .
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amulya Yalamanchi
- Yalamanchi Hospitals and Research Centre Pvt. Ltd, Vijayawada, India
| | | | | | - Joseph C Maroon
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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24
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Studies on the anti-aging properties of bovine whey supplementation on reproductive hormonal profiles and sperm structure and function of adult and senile rats. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Pandit SL, Yaligar D, Halemane M, Bhat A. A proprietary blend of standardized Punica granatum fruit rind and Theobroma cocoa seed extracts mitigates aging males' symptoms: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:1290-1299. [PMID: 35928723 PMCID: PMC9346391 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.73645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: We evaluated the safety and efficacy of a novel combination of Punica granatum fruit rind and Theobroma cocoa seed extracts (LN18178 or Tesnor®) in enhancing serum testosterone level and reducing aging males' symptoms (AMS) in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation (CTRI Reg. No. CTRI/2019/02/017506). Methods: One hundred twenty healthy male participants (age 36-55 years) were randomized (n=40) to placebo, 200 or 400 mg of LN18178 for a period of fifty-six consecutive days of supplementation. The primary efficacy parameter was the AMS score. The secondary parameters were serum testosterone (free and total) levels, hand-grip strength, and perceived stress scale (PSS-10) score. Measurement of other hormones included in the study was serum dihydrotestosterone (DHT), cortisol, and 17β-estradiol (E2). Total blood chemistry parameters, vital signs, and urinalysis were parts of the safety assessment. Results: Both doses of LN18178 significantly reduced the mean AMS scores after 56 days of supplementation. Furthermore, it significantly improved general, psychological, and sexual well-being. Serum levels of free testosterone and total testosterone levels were significantly increased in LN18178 supplemented (200 and 400 mg) participants compared to the baseline and placebo. Significant improvements in hand-grip strength and reduced PSS-10 scores were also observed. Conclusion: LN18178 supplementation reduced AMS scores and improved sexual performance. Also, LN18178 groups exhibited superior muscular strength and reduction in perceived stress. Total blood chemistry and urine analysis demonstrated the broad-spectrum safety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dayanand Yaligar
- Narayana Hrudayalaya, Bommasandra Industrial Area, Bengaluru-560068, Karnataka, India
| | - Manjunath Halemane
- D2L Clinical Solutions, Sadaramangala Industrial Area, Bengaluru-560048, Karnataka, India
| | - Annapoorna Bhat
- Sri Venkateshwara Hospital, Madiwala, Bengaluru-560068, Karnataka, India
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26
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Pankiv V, Yuzvenko T, Kobyliak N, Pankiv I. Correction of Androgen Deficiency in Men with Type 2 Diabetes. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2022; 17:34-39. [PMID: 34856912 DOI: 10.2174/1574887116666211202155304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In men with low levels of testosterone in the blood, it is believed that the symptoms can be regarded as an association between testosterone deficiency syndrome and related comorbidities. AIM To investigate the effectiveness of testosterone therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and androgen deficiency. MATERIALS AND METHODS Testosterone replacement therapy was carried out in 26 men with T2D and clinically or laboratory-confirmed androgen deficiency. The age of the subjects ranged from 35 to 69 years old. Laboratory studies included determinations of the concentration of the hormones estradiol, luteinizing hormone (LH), and prostate-specific antigen (PSA). The observation period was 9 months. RESULTS The average level of total blood testosterone in the subjects before treatment was 9.4 mol/l and was likely lower than that of the control group (19.3 ± 1.6 nmol/l). The levels of total testosterone in the subjects ranged from 3.9 nmol/l to 10.7 nmol/l, and hormone levels measuring less than 8.0 nmol/l were observed in only 11 patients. After a course of testosterone replacement therapy, a stabilization in total testosterone levels at the level of reference values (as compared to the start of treatment) was observed in the blood of men with T2D after 9 months of observation and the administration of the fourth injection (16.83 ± 0.75 nmol/l). CONCLUSION The use of long-acting injectable testosterone undecanoate leads to normalization of total testosterone levels in the blood of men with T2D and androgen deficiency, and LH levels in these patients are unlikely to change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr Pankiv
- Ukrainian Scientific and Practical Center for Endocrine Surgery, Transplantation of Endocrine Organs and Tissues of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Tetyana Yuzvenko
- Ukrainian Scientific and Practical Center for Endocrine Surgery, Transplantation of Endocrine Organs and Tissues of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Nazarii Kobyliak
- Department of Endocrinology, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Medical Laboratory CSD, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Ivan Pankiv
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Allergology and Endocrinology, Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
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Freeland J, Crowell PD, Giafaglione JM, Boutros PC, Goldstein AS. Aging of the progenitor cells that initiate prostate cancer. Cancer Lett 2021; 515:28-35. [PMID: 34052326 PMCID: PMC8494000 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Many organs experience a loss of tissue mass and a decline in regenerative capacity during aging. In contrast, the prostate continues to grow in volume. In fact, age is the most important risk factor for prostate cancer. However, the age-related factors that influence the composition, morphology and molecular features of prostate epithelial progenitor cells, the cells-of-origin for prostate cancer, are poorly understood. Here, we review the evidence that prostate luminal progenitor cells are expanded with age. We explore the age-related changes to the microenvironment that may influence prostate epithelial cells and risk of transformation. Finally, we raise a series of questions about models of aging and regulators of prostate aging which need to be addressed. A fundamental understanding of aging in the prostate will yield critical insights into mechanisms that promote the development of age-related prostatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Freeland
- Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Preston D Crowell
- Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Jenna M Giafaglione
- Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Paul C Boutros
- Departments of Human Genetics & Urology, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Institute for Precision Health, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Andrew S Goldstein
- Departments of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology & Urology, Broad Stem Cell Research Center and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
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28
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Li L, Chen B, An T, Zhang H, Xia B, Li R, Zhu R, Tian Y, Wang L, Zhao D, Mo F, Li Y, Yang G, Orekhov AN, Prentki M, Zhang D, Jiang G, Zhu X. BaZiBuShen alleviates altered testicular morphology and spermatogenesis and modulates Sirt6/P53 and Sirt6/NF-κB pathways in aging mice induced by D-galactose and NaNO 2. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 271:113810. [PMID: 33508368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sperm infertility and testicular atrophy are symptoms associated with aging. BaZiBuShen formula (BZBS), a patented Chinese herbal prescription composed of Semen Cuscutae, Fructus Lycii, Epimedii Folium, Fructus Schisandrae Sphenantherae, Fructus Cnidii, Fructus Rosae Laevigatae, Semen Allii Tuberosi., Radix Morindae Officinalis, Herba Cistanches, Fructus Rubi, Radix Rehmanniae Recens, Radix Cyathulae, Radix Ginseng, Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum, Hippocampus, and Fuctus Toosendan, has been used as a kidney-tonifying and anti-aging drug as well as for the treatment of impotence and male infertility in traditional Chinese medicine. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed at investigating whether BZBS preserves sperm and testes morphology in aging mice, and to explore the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS BZBS was orally administered to aging mice induced by D-galactose (D-gal) and NaNO2 for 65 days. Sperm quality and testes pathophysiological alterations were examined by a Semen Analysis System, hematoxylin-eosin staining, transmission electron microscopy, and mitochondrial complex IV activity. In addition, serum levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxy-desoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione disulfide (GSSG), testosterone (T), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined by ELISA. The expressions of P450 aromatase (CYP19), sirtuin 6 (Sirt6), P53, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)-p65, and phospho-NF-κB-p65 (NF-κB-pp65) in the testes were examined by western blot and/or immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Sustained exposure to D-gal/NaNO2 caused a deterioration of sperm quality and testes morphology in this rapid aging mouse model. BZBS treatment curtailed these alterations. These beneficial effects were associated with increased serum levels of TAC, GSH/GSSG, T, E2, and FSH, and decreased levels of MDA, TNF-α, and 8-OH-dG. BZBS treatment also downregulated the expressions of P53, iNOS, and NF-κB-pp65, as well as upregulated the expressions of Sirt6 and CYP19 in aging testes. CONCLUSIONS BZBS preserves testicular morphology and spermatogenesis possibly via inhibition of oxidative stress and the modulation of the Sirt6/P53 and Sirt6/NF-κB signaling pathways. The results shed light on the beneficial effect of BZBS on sperm quality and fertility in aging males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Beibei Chen
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Tian An
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Bingke Xia
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Rui Li
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Ruyuan Zhu
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yimiao Tian
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Lili Wang
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Fangfang Mo
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Histo-embryology, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Ge Yang
- The Geriatric Department, Guang'an Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, 125315, Russia.
| | - Marc Prentki
- Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM and Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Guangjian Jiang
- Diabetes Research Centre, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, China.
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29
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Amadi C, Green KI, Odum EP. Is serum PSA a predictor of male hypogonadism? Testing the hypothesis. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2021; 65:144-151. [PMID: 33587836 PMCID: PMC10065314 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective Male hypogonadism (MH) is common among infertile men. Besides testosterone, limited MH biomarkers are available, while researchers have suggested the use of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) to help diagnose MH. Hence, we sought to evaluate the potential use of PSA to predict MH among relatively young men with infertility in Nigeria. Methods The study included 707 male partners (35-44 years) in infertile couples seeking infertility evaluation at a third-level care center in Nigeria. MH was diagnosed using standard guidelines. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and regression analyses explored the potential of serum free PSA (fPSA) and total PSA (tPSA) in predicting MH and MH-related clinical features. Results In all, 29.7% of the patients had MH (MH+ve). The MH+ve group had lower mean values of fPSA and tPSA than the group without MH (MH-ve). The best fPSA threshold of < 0.25 μg/L compared with the best tPSA threshold of < 0.74 μg/L had higher accuracy (area under the curve [AUC] 0.908 versus 0.866, respectively), sensitivity (87% versus 83%, respectively), and specificity (42% versus 37%, respectively) for MH diagnosis. After adjustment for confounders, fPSA level ≤ 0.25 μg/L was more likely to predict MH-related decreased libido (odds ratio [OR] 2.728, p<0.001) and erectile dysfunction (OR 3.925, p<0.001) compared with tPSA ≤ 0.74 μg/L in the MH+ve group. Conclusion For MH diagnosis, fPSA and tPSA had good sensitivity but very poor specificity, although fPSA had better potential for MH diagnosis and association with MH-related clinical features than tPSA. Hence, fPSA could complement other biomarkers for MH diagnosis in men 35-44 years, although we recommend further studies to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Collins Amadi
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria,
| | - Kinikanwo I Green
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Ehimen P Odum
- Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
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Leydig cell aging: Molecular mechanisms and treatments. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2021; 115:585-609. [PMID: 33706963 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2020.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Late-onset hypogonadism, resulting from deficiency in serum testosterone (T), affects the health and quality of life of millions of aging men. T is synthesized by Leydig cells (LCs) in response to luteinizing hormone (LH). LH binds LC plasma membrane receptors, inducing the formation of a supramolecular complex of cytosolic and mitochondrial proteins, the Steroidogenic InteracTomE (SITE). SITE proteins are involved in targeting cholesterol to CYP11A1 in the mitochondria, the first enzyme of the steroidogenic cascade. Cholesterol translocation is the rate-determining step in T formation. With aging, LC defects occur that include changes in SITE, an increasingly oxidative intracellular environment, and reduced androgen formation and serum T levels. T replacement therapy (TRT) will restore T levels, but reported side effects make it desirable to develop additional strategies for increasing T. One approach is to target LC protein-protein interactions and thus increase T production by the hypofunctional Leydig cells themselves.
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31
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Mohamed MS, Moulin TC, Schiöth HB. Sex differences in COVID-19: the role of androgens in disease severity and progression. Endocrine 2021; 71:3-8. [PMID: 33179220 PMCID: PMC7657570 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02536-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Throughout the SARS-CoV2 pandemic, multiple reports show higher percentages of hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality among men than women, indicating that men are more affected by COVID-19. The pathophysiology of this difference is yet not established, but recent studies suggest that sex hormones may influence the viral infectivity process. Here, we review the current evidence of androgen sensitivity as a decisive factor for COVID-19 disease severity. METHODS Relevant literature investigating the role of androgens in COVID-19 was assessed. Further, we describe several drugs suggested as beneficial for COVID-19 treatment related to androgen pathways. Lastly, we looked at androgen sensitivity as a predictor for COVID-19 progression and ongoing clinical trials on androgen suppression therapies as a line of treatment. RESULTS SARS-COV2 virus spike proteins utilize Transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) for host entry. Androgen receptors are transcription promoters for TMPRSS2 and can, therefore, facilitate SARS-COV2 entry. Variants in the androgen receptor gene correlate with androgen sensitivity and are implicated in diseases like androgenetic alopecia and prostate cancer, conditions that have been associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes and hospitalization. CONCLUSION Androgen's TMPRSS2-mediated actions might explain both the low fatalities observed in prepubertal children and the differences between sexes regarding SARS-COV2 infection. Androgen sensitivity may be a critical factor in determining COVID-19 disease severity, and sensitivity tests can, therefore, help in predicting patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Mohamed
- Functional Pharmacology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Thiago C Moulin
- Functional Pharmacology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Functional Pharmacology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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32
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Hermoso DAM, Bizerra PFV, Constantin RP, Ishii-Iwamoto EL, Gilglioni EH. Association between metabolic syndrome, hepatic steatosis, and testosterone deficiency: evidences from studies with men and rodents. Aging Male 2020; 23:1296-1315. [PMID: 32406295 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2020.1764927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Testosterone is the predominant androgen in men and the lack of it can be a trigger to the development of the metabolic syndrome. Here we review the relationship between testosterone deficiency, metabolic syndrome, and hepatic steatosis reported by studies with men and rodents. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and testosterone deficiency is higher among older subjects. Low total and free testosterone levels were positively associated with disturbs on energy metabolism, changes in body fat distribution, and body composition. Studies reported visceral fat accumulation in men with hypogonadism and castrated rats. Despite some contradictions, the association between higher adiposity, low testosterone, and metabolic syndrome was a common point among the studies. Few studies evaluated the hepatic steatosis and found an association with hypogonadism. Most of the studies with rodents combined the castration with a high-fat diet to study metabolic disturbs. The importance of proper levels of testosterone for energy metabolism homeostasis in men was also underlined by studies that investigated the metabolic effects of testosterone replacement therapy and androgen deprivation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Aparecida Munhos Hermoso
- Departament of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidation and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Paulo Francisco Veiga Bizerra
- Departament of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidation and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Polimeni Constantin
- Departament of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidation and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Emy Luiza Ishii-Iwamoto
- Departament of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidation and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Hideo Gilglioni
- Departament of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidation and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
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Testosterone prescribing in men with depression and anxiety disorders. Ann Epidemiol 2020; 50:15-19.e8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Tsuboi H, Miyamori D, Ishikawa N, Ichioka H, Ikegaya H. Relationship between serum prostate-specific antigen and age in cadavers. SAGE Open Med 2020; 8:2050312120958212. [PMID: 32983523 PMCID: PMC7498970 DOI: 10.1177/2050312120958212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: An increase in number of unidentified cadavers is a growing problem. To
identify these cadavers, a simple objective method is required to estimate
cadaveric age. We examined the correlations between postmortem serum
prostate-specific antigen levels and cadaveric age to determine whether
serum prostate-specific antigen levels can be used in age estimation of
unidentified cadavers. Methods: Total serum prostate-specific antigen was measured in 140 male autopsy cases
aged from 0 to 94 years. Results: The serum prostate-specific antigen levels of cadavers correlated with age at
death to the same degree as with the age of living individuals (r = 0.393,
P < 0.01). Prostate-specific antigen levels also
correlated with prostate weight, but not with psoas muscle index and body
mass index. Cause of death did not influence postmortem serum
prostate-specific antigen levels. Conclusion: Age estimation based on prostate-specific antigen provides a simple,
objective, and rapid method to determine age at death estimation of
cadavers, and is expected to greatly contribute to the identification of
cadavers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Tsuboi
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Miyamori
- Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Noboru Ishikawa
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Dental College, Chiyoda-ku, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ichioka
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ikegaya
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Afify H, Abo-Youssef AM, Abdel-Rahman HM, Allam S, Azouz AA. The modulatory effects of cinnamaldehyde on uric acid level and IL-6/JAK1/STAT3 signaling as a promising therapeutic strategy against benign prostatic hyperplasia. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 402:115122. [PMID: 32628957 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a widespread disorder in elderly men. Cinnamaldehyde, which is a major constituent in the essential oil of cinnamon, has been previously reported to reduce xanthine oxidase activity, in addition to its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-proliferative activities. Our study was designed to investigate the potential modulatory effects of cinnamaldehyde on testosterone model of BPH in rats through reduction of uric acid level, and suppression of IL-6/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway. Cinnamaldehyde (40 and 75 mg/kg) was orally administered to male Wistar rats for 3 weeks, and concurrently with testosterone (3 mg/kg, s.c.) from the second week. Cinnamaldehyde ameliorated the elevation in prostatic weight and index compared to rats treated with testosterone only, that was also confirmed by alleviation of histopathological changes in prostate architecture. The protective mechanisms of cinnamaldehyde were elucidated through inhibition of xanthine oxidase activity and reduced uric acid level. That was accompanied by reduction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines; interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and the nuclear translocation of the transcription factor NF-κB p65, that could be attributed also to the enhanced anti-oxidant defense by cinnamaldehyde. The protein expression of JAK1, which is IL-6 receptor linked protein, was reduced with subsequently reduced activation of STAT3 protein. That eventually suppressed the formation of the proliferation protein cyclin D1, while elevated Bax/Bcl2 ratio. It can be concluded that reducing uric acid level through xanthine oxidase inhibition and suppression of the inflammatory signaling cascade; IL-6/JAK1/STAT3; by cinnamaldehyde could be a novel and promising therapeutic approach against BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Afify
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian-Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira M Abo-Youssef
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Hanaa M Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian-Russian University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shady Allam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Amany A Azouz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
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36
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Masuku NP, Unuofin JO, Lebelo SL. Promising role of medicinal plants in the regulation and management of male erectile dysfunction. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110555. [PMID: 32795922 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Male erectile dysfunction (ED) refers to incompetency to reaching and retaining adequate penile tumescence for sexual intercourse. Over 152 million men globally suffer from ED and by 2025, the number of affected individuals is anticipated to be around 322 million. Pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapies such as phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors, alprostadil, penile prosthesis surgery, and hormonal replacement are available for management and recuperation of ED. Nevertheless, such therapies are reported to have adverse effects as well as life-threatening. Accordingly, diversity of medicinal plant species and bioactive active compounds are preferred as therapeutic options because they are natural, abundant, available, low-cost and cause fewer or no side effects. This current review will emphasise the aetiology, risk factors, mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of ED, treatments of ED as well as their side effects. It also provides medicinal plants that are proven effective in vivo and in vitro for the mitigation and treatment of male ED. This knowledge could be used in the future in drug discovery for the development of more natural drugs with no side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelisiwe Prenate Masuku
- Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, University of South Africa, Cnr Christiaan de Wet and Pioneer Ave, Private Bag X6, Florida, 1710, South Africa
| | - Jeremiah Oshiomame Unuofin
- Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, University of South Africa, Cnr Christiaan de Wet and Pioneer Ave, Private Bag X6, Florida, 1710, South Africa.
| | - Sogolo Lucky Lebelo
- Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, University of South Africa, Cnr Christiaan de Wet and Pioneer Ave, Private Bag X6, Florida, 1710, South Africa
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37
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Stewart CE, Sohrabji F. Gonadal hormones and stroke risk: PCOS as a case study. Front Neuroendocrinol 2020; 58:100853. [PMID: 32640267 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2020.100853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that stroke incidence and outcome is sex-dependent and influenced by age and gonadal hormones. In post-menopausal and/or aged females, declining estrogen levels increases stroke risk. However, women who experience early menopause also have an increase in stroke risk. This suggests that, regardless of age, gonadal hormones regulate stroke risk and severity. This review discusses prolonged gonadal hormone dysfunction in a common female endocrine disorder known as polycystic ovarian syndrome, PCOS, and the associated increased risk of stroke due to resulting hyperandrogenism and metabolic comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney E Stewart
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Farida Sohrabji
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA.
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38
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Li CY, Gupta A, Gáborik Z, Kis E, Prasad B. Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide–Mediated Hepatic Uptake of Glucuronide Metabolites of Androgens. Mol Pharmacol 2020; 98:234-242. [DOI: 10.1124/mol.120.119891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Santos HO, Howell S, Nichols K, Teixeira FJ. Reviewing the Evidence on Vitamin D Supplementation in the Management of Testosterone Status and Its Effects on Male Reproductive System (Testis and Prostate): Mechanistically Dazzling but Clinically Disappointing. Clin Ther 2020; 42:e101-e114. [PMID: 32446600 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2020.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin D supplementation has been suggested to increase testosterone levels. The primary purpose of this literature review was to critically assess the physiologic effects of vitamin D supplementation on serum testosterone concentrations in men and the secondary purpose was to evaluate the feasibility of vitamin D status toward urologic health (testis and prostate). METHODS A structured literature review was performed using the Cochrane, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases. The literature search encompassed studies published between 2011 and 2019. FINDINGS Observational studies suggest an association between higher testosterone and serum vitamin D concentrations. Conversely, most randomized clinical trials that investigated the effect of vitamin D administration on testosterone levels have failed to detect any significant effect. Physiologically, vitamin D is engaging in spermatogenesis, but it remains unclear whether vitamin D is a determinant of fertility. With prostate support, the management of vitamin D status has been associated with a decreased prevalence of benign prostatic hyperplasia and symptoms (ie, lower urinary tract symptoms). However, with prostate cancer, there is a paucity of evidence pertaining to vitamin D supplementation. IMPLICATIONS Mechanistically, vitamin D exhibits essential roles in the testis and prostate; otherwise, there is no apparent evidence to support the use of vitamin D supplementation to increase testosterone levels and to improve clinical outcomes related to the male reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heitor O Santos
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Scott Howell
- Center for Research, Tier 1 Health and Wellness, Chattanooga, TN, USA
| | - Keith Nichols
- Center for Research, Tier 1 Health and Wellness, Chattanooga, TN, USA
| | - Filipe J Teixeira
- Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisboa, Portugal
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40
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Li H, Zhang X, Wang H, Yang B, Li N, Ji Z. A Chinese Cross-Sectional Study on Symptoms in Aging Males: Prevalence and Associated Factors. Am J Mens Health 2020; 13:1557988319838113. [PMID: 30862239 PMCID: PMC6438432 DOI: 10.1177/1557988319838113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Aging Male Symptoms (AMS) scale is a questionnaire designed for assessing health-related quality of life and aging-related symptoms in men. Additional knowledge of the severity of aging symptoms in males revealed by high AMS scores and the factors associated with it in the Chinese population is required. A nationally representative prevalence and risk factor estimate of AMS scores was performed to identify the associated factors for AMS severity in China. Men aged between 35 and 70 years were recruited at 33 study centers in 21 provinces, 4 municipalities, and 4 autonomous regions. The prevalence of high AMS scores and its association with demographic, anatomical, lifestyle, and clinical variables were evaluated. Chi-square tests and logistic regression models were used for analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. In this study, 918 of 9,164 (10%, p < .001) men aged between 35 and 70 years, had AMS scores ≥50. Univariate and multivariable analyses showed that an age of >40 years, poor marital relations, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), history of fracture, and smoking ≥25 cigarettes per day were the major factors that were associated with the severity of AMS (OR ≥2; p < .05). Hypertension, low income, a low education level, alcohol consumption, lack of exercise, and a waist-to-hip ratio ≥0.9 were also moderately associated with AMS severity (OR 1-2; p < .05). The current study revealed the nationally representative prevalence of severe AMS scores in Chinese men and the factors associated with severe AMS. Antiaging intervention studies should target men with specific associated factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Li
- 1 Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- 2 Department of Urology, Navy General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- 3 Clinical Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Yang
- 1 Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ni Li
- 4 Program Office for Cancer Screening in Urban China, Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Ji
- 1 Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Yu EJ, Yamaguchi T, Lee JH, Lim AR, Lee JH, Park H, Oh TJ. Enzymatic Synthesis of Anabolic Steroid Glycosides by Glucosyltransferase from Terribacillus sp. PAMC 23288. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:604-614. [PMID: 31893610 PMCID: PMC9728329 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1911.11057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The application of steroids has steadily increased thanks to their therapeutic effects. However, alternatives are required due their severe side effects; thus, studies on the activities of steroid derivatives are underway. Sugar derivatives of nandrolone, which is used to treat breast cancer, as well as cortisone and prednisone, which reduce inflammation, pain, and edema, are unknown. We linked O-glucose to nandrolone and testosterone using UDP-glucosyltransferase (UGT-1) and, then, tested their bioactivities in vitro. Analysis by NMR showed that the derivatives were 17β-nandrolone β-D-glucose and 17β-testosterone β-D-glucose, respectively. The viability was higher and cytotoxicity was evident in PC12 cells incubated with rotenone and, testosterone derivatives, compared to the controls. SH-SY5Y cells incubated with H2O2 and nandrolone derivatives remained viable and cytotoxicity was attenuated. Both derivatives enhanced neuronal protective effects and increased the amounts of cellular ATP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Yu
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, SunMoon University, Asan 31460, Republic of Korea
| | - Tokutaro Yamaguchi
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, SunMoon University, Asan 31460, Republic of Korea,Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Biotechnology, SunMoon University, Asan 31460, Republic of Korea,Genome-Based BioIT Convergence Institute, Asan 31460, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Ho Lee
- Genome-Based BioIT Convergence Institute, Asan 31460, Republic of Korea
| | - A-Rang Lim
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hyuck Lee
- Unit of Research for Practical Application, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea,Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Park
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors H.P. Phone: +82 2 3290 3051 E-mail: T.-J.O. Phone: +82 41 530 2677 E-mail:
| | - Tae-Jin Oh
- Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering, SunMoon University, Asan 31460, Republic of Korea,Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Biotechnology, SunMoon University, Asan 31460, Republic of Korea,Genome-Based BioIT Convergence Institute, Asan 31460, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors H.P. Phone: +82 2 3290 3051 E-mail: T.-J.O. Phone: +82 41 530 2677 E-mail:
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42
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Balasubramanian A, Kohn TP, Santiago JE, Sigalos JT, Kirby EW, Hockenberry MS, Pickett SM, Pastuszak AW, Lipshultz LI. Increased Risk of Hypogonadal Symptoms in Shift Workers With Shift Work Sleep Disorder. Urology 2020; 138:52-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2019.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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43
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Hackney AC. Hypogonadism in Exercising Males: Dysfunction or Adaptive-Regulatory Adjustment? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:11. [PMID: 32082255 PMCID: PMC7005256 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades researchers have reported men who engaged in intensive exercise training can develop low resting testosterone levels, alterations in their hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, and display hypogonadism. Recently there is renewed interest in this topic since the International Olympic Committee (IOC) Medical Commission coined the term "Relative Energy Deficiency in Sports" (RED-S) as clinical terminology to address both the female-male occurrences of reproductive system health disruptions associated with exercise. This IOC Commission action attempted to move beyond the sex-specific terminology of the "Female Athlete Triad" (Triad) and heighten awareness/realization that some athletic men do have reproductive related physiologic disturbances such as lowered sex hormone levels, HPG regulatory axis alterations, and low bone mineral density similar to Triad women. There are elements in the development and symptomology of exercise-related male hypogonadism that mirror closely that of women experiencing the Triad/RED-S, but evidence also exists that dissimilarities exist between the sexes on this issue. Our research group postulates that the inconsistency and differences in the male findings in relation to women with Triad/RED-S are not just due to sex dimorphism, but that there are varying forms of exercise-related reproductive disruptions existing in athletic men resulting in them displaying a relative hypogonadism condition. Specifically, such conditions in men may derive acutely and be associated with low energy availability (Triad/RED-S) or excessive training load (overtraining) and appear transient in nature, and resolve with appropriate clinical interventions. However, manifestations of a more chronic based hypogonadism that persists on a more permanent basis (years) exist and is termed the "Exercise Hypogonadal Male Condition." This article presents an up-to-date overview of the various types of acute and chronic relative hypogonadism found in athletic, exercising men and proposes mechanistic models of how these various forms of exercise relative hypogonadism develop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony C. Hackney
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Department of Nutrition, Gilling's School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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44
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Sleep restriction and testosterone concentrations in young healthy males: randomized controlled studies of acute and chronic short sleep. Sleep Health 2019; 5:580-586. [PMID: 31416797 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Low testosterone in men increases the risk for various disorders. Severe sleep restriction (SR) may reduce testosterone, but the effects of long-term short sleep are unknown. This study tested the effects of SR on circulating testosterone in healthy young men. DESIGN Randomized controlled studies of SR vs habitual sleep (HS) in inpatient (study 1, n=14) and outpatient (study 2, n=13) settings. METHODS Study 1 involved severe, acute SR (4 hours time in bed [TIB]) vs HS (9 hours TIB) for 5 nights; study 2 consisted of mild, long-term SR (HS 1.5 hours of sleep/night) vs HS for 6 weeks. Plasma testosterone levels were measured at baseline and end point (study 1) or baseline, week 3, and week 6 (study 2) of each phase. Linear model analyses to assess the effects of SR on testosterone were performed separately for each study. RESULTS Study 1: There were no significant sleep-time interaction on testosterone concentrations (change in testosterone levels during HS = 22.86 ± 163.79 ng/dL; SR = 43.73 ± 159.96 ng/dL, P = .41) and no main effect of sleep duration (P = .13). Study 2: There were a trend for a sleep-time interaction (P = .067) and a main effect of sleep on testosterone concentrations from 6 weeks of SR (P = .0046). Testosterone concentrations were slightly lower but increased over time with SR relative to HS. CONCLUSIONS Sleep restriction does not adversely affect plasma testosterone levels in healthy young men. Given prior contradicting evidence, confirmatory studies should be done to ascertain the influence of sleep duration and quality on testosterone concentrations in men throughout life.
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Tatem AJ, Beilan J, Kovac JR, Lipshultz LI. Management of Anabolic Steroid-Induced Infertility: Novel Strategies for Fertility Maintenance and Recovery. World J Mens Health 2019; 38:141-150. [PMID: 30929329 PMCID: PMC7076311 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.190002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There is often inherent conflict in the overlapping fields of male fertility and andrology. While the goal of all male fertility specialists is to facilitate and preserve biologic paternity, many practitioners also care for a significant number of patients suffering from hypogonadism. Exogenous testosterone administration, the gold standard for the management of these patients, almost universally impairs spermatogenesis and can even completely eradicate it in some men. With steady increases in both the incidence of hypogonadism and average paternal age, practitioners are now encountering hypogonadal men who desire future fertility or men suffering the effects of earlier androgenic anabolic steroid use with increasing frequency. In this manuscript, we review management strategies for these complex patients and explore novel medications that may be of use in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Tatem
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan Beilan
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Larry I Lipshultz
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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46
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Miah S, Tharakan T, Gallagher KA, Shah TT, Winkler M, Jayasena CN, Ahmed HU, Minhas S. The effects of testosterone replacement therapy on the prostate: a clinical perspective. F1000Res 2019; 8:F1000 Faculty Rev-217. [PMID: 30828436 PMCID: PMC6392157 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.16497.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Male hypogonadism is a clinical syndrome characterized by low testosterone and symptoms of androgen deficiency. Prostate cancer remains a significant health burden and cause of male mortality worldwide. The use of testosterone replacement therapy drugs is rising year-on-year for the treatment of androgen deficiency and has reached global proportions. As clinicians, we must be well versed and provide appropriate counseling for men prior to the commencement of testosterone replacement therapy. This review summarizes the current clinical and basic science evidence in relation to this commonly encountered clinical scenario. There is gathering evidence that suggests, from an oncological perspective, that it is safe to commence testosterone replacement therapy for men who have a combination of biochemically confirmed androgen deficiency and who have either had definitive treatment of their prostate cancer or no previous history of this disease. However, patients must be made aware and cautioned that there is a distinct lack of level 1 evidence. Calls for such studies have been made throughout the urological and andrological community to provide a definitive answer. For those with a diagnosis of prostate cancer that remains untreated, there is a sparsity of evidence and therefore clinicians are "pushing the limits" of safety when considering the commencement of testosterone replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiful Miah
- Department of Urology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road, London, W6 8RF, UK
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London Medical School, 21 University Street, London, WC1E 6AU, UK
| | - Tharu Tharakan
- Department of Urology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road, London, W6 8RF, UK
| | - Kylie A Gallagher
- Department of Urology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road, London, W6 8RF, UK
| | - Taimur T Shah
- Department of Urology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road, London, W6 8RF, UK
- Division of Surgery, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Mathias Winkler
- Department of Urology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road, London, W6 8RF, UK
| | - Channa N Jayasena
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Hashim U Ahmed
- Department of Urology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road, London, W6 8RF, UK
- Division of Surgery, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Suks Minhas
- Department of Urology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, Fulham Palace Road, London, W6 8RF, UK
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Dimakopoulou A, Jayasena CN, Radia UK, Algefari M, Minhas S, Oliver N, Dhillo WS. Animal Models of Diabetes-Related Male Hypogonadism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:628. [PMID: 31620084 PMCID: PMC6759521 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Dimakopoulou
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Andrology, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Channa N. Jayasena
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Andrology, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Channa N. Jayasena
| | - Utsav K. Radia
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Metab Algefari
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suks Minhas
- Department of Andrology, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Oliver
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, St. Mary's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Waljit S. Dhillo
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Waljit S. Dhillo
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Nightingale TE, Moore P, Harman J, Khalil R, Gill RS, Castillo T, Adler RA, Gorgey AS. Body composition changes with testosterone replacement therapy following spinal cord injury and aging: A mini review. J Spinal Cord Med 2018; 41:624-636. [PMID: 28770686 PMCID: PMC6217462 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2017.1357917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Hypogonadism is a male clinical condition in which the body does not produce enough testosterone. Testosterone plays a key role in maintaining body composition, bone mineral density, sexual function, mood, erythropoiesis, cognition and quality of life. Hypogonadism can occur due to several underlying pathologies during aging and in men with physical disabilities, such as spinal cord injury (SCI). This condition is often under diagnosed and as a result, symptoms undertreated. Methods In this mini-review, we propose that testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) may be a viable strategy to improve lean body mass (LBM) and fat mass (FM) in men with SCI. Evidence Synthesis Supplementing the limited data from SCI cohorts with consistent findings from studies in non-disabled aging men, we present evidence that, relative to placebo, transdermal TRT can increase LBM and reduce FM over 3-36 months. The impact of TRT on bone mineral density and metabolism is also discussed, with particular relevance for persons with SCI. Moreover, the risks of TRT remain controversial and pertinent safety considerations related to transdermal administration are outlined. Conclusion Further research is necessary to help develop clinical guidelines for the specific dose and duration of TRT in persons with SCI. Therefore, we call for more high-quality randomized controlled trials to examine the efficacy and safety of TRT in this population, which experiences an increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases as a result of deleterious body composition changes after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom E. Nightingale
- Spinal Cord Injury and Disorders Center, Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Pamela Moore
- Spinal Cord Injury and Disorders Center, Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Joshua Harman
- Spinal Cord Injury and Disorders Center, Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Refka Khalil
- Spinal Cord Injury and Disorders Center, Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Ranjodh S. Gill
- Endocrinology Service, Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA,Endocrine Division, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Teodoro Castillo
- Spinal Cord Injury and Disorders Center, Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Robert A. Adler
- Endocrinology Service, Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA,Endocrine Division, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Ashraf S. Gorgey
- Spinal Cord Injury and Disorders Center, Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA,Correspondence to: Ashraf S. Gorgey, Department of Veterans Affairs, Hunter Holmes McGuire Medical Center, Spinal Cord Injury & Disorders Service, 1201 Broad Rock Boulevard, Richmond, VA 23249, USA.
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Monnerat G, Seara FAC, Evaristo JAM, Carneiro G, Evaristo GPC, Domont G, Nascimento JHM, Mill JG, Nogueira FCS, Campos de Carvalho AC. Aging-related compensated hypogonadism: Role of metabolomic analysis in physiopathological and therapeutic evaluation. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 183:39-50. [PMID: 29920416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a complex process that increases the risk of chronic disease development. Hormonal and metabolic alterations occur with aging, such as androgen activity decrease. Studies aim to understand the role of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) in males, however biomarkers and the metabolic responses to TRT are not well characterized. Therefore, the present study investigated TRT effect in young adult and aged rats by metabolomics. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: adult and adult + testo (6months), old and old + testo (25-27months). TRT animals received daily testosterone propionate (1 mg/kg/subcutaneous). TRT changed the testicular weight index decrease induced by aging but did not change the body weight and liver weight index. Sera were analyzed by liquid chromatograph high resolution mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS). Testosterone was quantified by target LCMS/MS. A total of 126 metabolites were detected with known identification altered by TRT by non-target metabolomics analysis. Multivariate statistics shows that all groups segregated individually after principal component analysis. The treatment with testosterone induced several metabolic alterations in adult and old rats that were summarized by variable importance on projection score, metabolite interaction and pathway analysis. Aging-related hypogonadism induces a pattern of systemic metabolic alterations that can be partially reversed by TRT, however, this treatment in aged rats induces novel alterations in some metabolites that are possible new targets for monitoring in patients submitted to TRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Monnerat
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Fernando A C Seara
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriel Carneiro
- Proteomics Laboratoy, LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Gilberto Domont
- Proteomic Unit, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Jose Geraldo Mill
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Fabio Cesar Souza Nogueira
- Proteomics Laboratoy, LADETEC, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Proteomic Unit, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Luo J, Yang Y, Zhang T, Su Z, Yu D, Lin Q, Chen H, Zhang Q, Xiang Q, Xue W, Ge R, Huang Y. Nasal delivery of nerve growth factor rescue hypogonadism by up-regulating GnRH and testosterone in aging male mice. EBioMedicine 2018; 35:295-306. [PMID: 30131307 PMCID: PMC6161474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nerve growth factor (NGF) plays essential roles in regulating the development and maintenance of central sympathetic and sensory neurons. However, the effects of NGF on hypogonadism remain unexplored. METHODS To assess the effects of NGF on hypogonadism, we established a convenient and noninvasive way to deliver NGF to the hypothalamus by spraying liposome-encapsulated NGF into the nasal cavity. The ten-month-old aging male senescence accelerate mouse P8 (SAMP8) mice with age-related hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism were used to study the role of NGF in hypogonadism. The age-matched accelerated senescence-resistant mouse R1 (SAMR1) served as a control. The ten-month-old SAMP8 mice were treated with NGF twice per week for 12 weeks. Sexual hormones, sexual behaviors, and fertility were analyzed after NGF treatment. And the mechanisms of NGF in sex hormones sexual function were also studied. FINDINGS NGF could enhance the sexual function, improve the quality of the sperm, and restore the fertility of aging male SAMP8 mice with age-related hypogonadism by activating gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuron and regulating secretion of GnRH. And NGF regulated the GnRH release through the PKC/p-ERK1/2/p-CREB signal pathway. INTERPRETATION These results suggest that NGF treatment could alleviate various age-related hypogonadism symptoms in male SAMP8 and may be usefulness for age-related hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism and its related subfertility. FUND: National Natural Science Foundation of China, Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, the Science and Technology Plan Project of Guangzhou, Wenzhou Science & Technology Bureau, Guangdong Province Pearl River Scholar Fund, Guangdong province science and technology innovation leading Scholar Fund.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Luo
- Department of Cell Biology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Cell Biology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhijian Su
- Department of Cell Biology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dan Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qilian Lin
- Department of Cell Biology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Haolin Chen
- Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Qihao Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qi Xiang
- Department of Cell Biology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Renshan Ge
- Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yadong Huang
- Department of Cell Biology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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