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Katole VR, Kaple M. Unraveling the Landscape of Pediatric Glioblastoma Biomarkers: A Comprehensive Review of Enhancing Diagnostics and Therapeutic Insights. Cureus 2024; 16:e57272. [PMID: 38686271 PMCID: PMC11057698 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, the most common and aggressive form of primary brain tumor, poses significant challenges to patients, caregivers, and clinicians alike. Pediatric glioblastoma is a rare and aggressive brain tumor that presents unique challenges in treatment. It differs from its adult counterpart in terms of genetic and molecular characteristics. Its incidence is relatively low, but the prognosis remains grim due to its aggressive behavior. Diagnosis relies on imaging techniques and histopathological analysis. The rarity of the disease underscores the need for effective treatment strategies. In recent years, the quest to understand and manage pediatric glioblastoma has seen a significant shift towards unraveling the intricate landscape of biomarkers. Surgery remains a cornerstone of glioblastoma management, aiming to resect as much of the tumor as possible. Glioblastoma's infiltrative nature presents challenges in achieving a complete surgical resection. This comprehensive review delves into the realm of pediatric glioblastoma biomarkers, shedding light on their potential to not only revolutionize diagnostics but also shape therapeutic strategies. From personalized treatment selection to the development of targeted therapies, the potential impact of these biomarkers on clinical outcomes is undeniable. Moreover, this review underscores the substantial implications of biomarker-driven approaches for therapeutic interventions. All advancements in targeted therapies and immunotherapy hold promise for the treatment of pediatric glioblastoma. The genetic profiling of tumors allows for personalized approaches, potentially improving treatment efficacy. The ethical dilemmas surrounding pediatric cancer treatment, particularly balancing potential benefits with risks, are complex. Ongoing clinical trials and preclinical research suggest exciting avenues for future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedant R Katole
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Meghali Kaple
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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2
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Passos Gibson V, Tahiri H, Yang C, Phan QT, Banquy X, Hardy P. Hyaluronan decorated layer-by-layer assembled lipid nanoparticles for miR-181a delivery in glioblastoma treatment. Biomaterials 2023; 302:122341. [PMID: 37778056 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary brain cancer. Current pharmacological interventions marginally increase the 12-month overall survival of patients with GBM. Among the novel therapeutic strategies being pursued, micro-RNAs, a class of non-coding RNAs, are receiving considerable attention for their regulation of several pathways implicated in tumorigenesis and survival. Notably, microRNA-181a-5p (miR-181a) has consistently been reported to be downregulated in GBM clinical samples, and its overexpression negatively affects tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. To improve the delivery of miR-181a to GBM cells, we sought to develop a modified lipid-based nanocarrier capable of encapsulating and delivering miR-181a to GBM cells in vitro and in vivo. Optimized ionizable-lipid containing lipid nanoparticles (LNP) were constructed by covering the miR-181a-loaded LNP with alternating layers of miR-181a, poly-l-arginine and hyaluronic acid through the layer-by-layer technique. The resulting hyaluronan-decorated lipid nanoparticles (HA-LNP) targeted GBM cells more efficiently than non-modified LNP and mediated siRNA and miRNA transfection in vitro. Finally, delivery of miR-181a by HA-LNP induced significant cellular death of U87 GBM cells in vitro and delayed tumor growth in an in vivo subcutaneous tumor model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Passos Gibson
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada; Research Center of CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Houda Tahiri
- Research Center of CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Chun Yang
- Research Center of CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Quoc Thang Phan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Xavier Banquy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Pierre Hardy
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada; Research Center of CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.
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3
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Haghighi SS, Ghaderian SMH, Rakhshan A, Motamed N. Evaluation of the Expression of miRNAs, LncRNAs, and their Target Gene, Caspase 3 in Glioblastoma Multiform: A Case-Control Study. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:1444-1452. [PMID: 36637626 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00632-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is an invasive cancer that causes high mortality in patients. Disruption of the apoptosis process is one of the main pathogenesis of the disease. Recently, LncRNAs and miRNAs have been shown to play an important role in the process of apoptosis. To follow the aim of study, 100 patients participated in the two groups of 50 individuals, including 50 GBM patients and 50 healthy individuals as the control group. Mononuclear cells were isolated from peripheral blood samples and RNA extraction was done. The expression changes of miR-17-5p, miR-20-5p, LINC01605, FAS-AS1, and Caspase 3 were examined using RT-PCR in both groups. Expression of LINC01605, miR-20-5p, and miR-17-5p increased in patients, while Caspase 3 and FAS-AS1 decreased; the difference was statistically significant between the two groups. In addition, it was found that these factors have the appropriate sensitivity and specificity as diagnostic markers. Finally, It is suggested to use the LINC01605, FAS-AS1, miR-20-5p, miR-17-5p, and Caspase 3 as apoptosis predictors in the GM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Setoodeh Haghighi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish, Iran
| | | | - Azadeh Rakhshan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shohada-E-Tajrish Educational Hospital, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Motamed
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Kish, Iran.
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 14155-6455, Iran.
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4
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Brown JS. Comparison of Oncogenes, Tumor Suppressors, and MicroRNAs Between Schizophrenia and Glioma: The Balance of Power. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 151:105206. [PMID: 37178944 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The risk of cancer in schizophrenia has been controversial. Confounders of the issue are cigarette smoking in schizophrenia, and antiproliferative effects of antipsychotic medications. The author has previously suggested comparison of a specific cancer like glioma to schizophrenia might help determine a more accurate relationship between cancer and schizophrenia. To accomplish this goal, the author performed three comparisons of data; the first a comparison of conventional tumor suppressors and oncogenes between schizophrenia and cancer including glioma. This comparison determined schizophrenia has both tumor-suppressive and tumor-promoting characteristics. A second, larger comparison between brain-expressed microRNAs in schizophrenia with their expression in glioma was then performed. This identified a core carcinogenic group of miRNAs in schizophrenia offset by a larger group of tumor-suppressive miRNAs. This proposed "balance of power" between oncogenes and tumor suppressors could cause neuroinflammation. This was assessed by a third comparison between schizophrenia, glioma and inflammation in asbestos-related lung cancer and mesothelioma (ALRCM). This revealed that schizophrenia shares more oncogenic similarity to ALRCM than glioma.
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5
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Identification of Dysregulated microRNAs in Glioblastoma Stem-like Cells. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13020350. [PMID: 36831894 PMCID: PMC9953941 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13020350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Despite multimodal therapy, median survival is poor at 12-15 months. At the molecular level, radio-/chemoresistance and resulting tumor progression are attributed to a small fraction of tumor cells, termed glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs). These CD133-expressing, self-renewing cells display the properties of multi-lineage differentiation, resulting in the heterogenous composition of GBM. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as regulators of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level can alter many pathways pivotal to cancer stem cell fate. This study explored changes in the miRNA expression profiles in patient-derived GSCs altered on differentiation into glial fiber acid protein (GFAP)-expressing, astrocytic tumor cells using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array. Initially, 22 miRNAs showed higher expression in GSCs and 9 miRNAs in differentiated cells. The two most downregulated miRNAs in differentiated GSCs were miR-17-5p and miR-425-5p, whilst the most upregulated miRNAs were miR-223-3p and let-7-5p. Among those, miR-425-5p showed the highest consistency in an upregulation in all three GSCs. By transfection of a 425-5p miRNA mimic, we demonstrated downregulation of the GFAP protein in differentiated patient-derived GBM cells, providing potential evidence for direct regulation of miRNAs in the GSC/GBM cell transition.
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6
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microRNAs (miRNAs) in Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM)-Recent Literature Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043521. [PMID: 36834933 PMCID: PMC9965735 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common, malignant, poorly promising primary brain tumor. GBM is characterized by an infiltrating growth nature, abundant vascularization, and a rapid and aggressive clinical course. For many years, the standard treatment of gliomas has invariably been surgical treatment supported by radio- and chemotherapy. Due to the location and significant resistance of gliomas to conventional therapies, the prognosis of glioblastoma patients is very poor and the cure rate is low. The search for new therapy targets and effective therapeutic tools for cancer treatment is a current challenge for medicine and science. microRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in many cellular processes, such as growth, differentiation, cell division, apoptosis, and cell signaling. Their discovery was a breakthrough in the diagnosis and prognosis of many diseases. Understanding the structure of miRNAs may contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms of cellular regulation dependent on miRNA and the pathogenesis of diseases underlying these short non-coding RNAs, including glial brain tumors. This paper provides a detailed review of the latest reports on the relationship between changes in the expression of individual microRNAs and the formation and development of gliomas. The use of miRNAs in the treatment of this cancer is also discussed.
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7
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Bhowmick R, Sarkar RR. Identification of potential microRNAs regulating metabolic plasticity and cellular phenotypes in glioblastoma. Mol Genet Genomics 2023; 298:161-181. [PMID: 36357622 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01966-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important role in regulating cellular metabolism, and are currently being explored in cancer. As metabolic reprogramming in cancer is a major mediator of phenotypic plasticity, understanding miRNA-regulated metabolism will provide opportunities to identify miRNA targets that can regulate oncogenic phenotypes by taking control of cellular metabolism. In the present work, we studied the effect of differentially expressed miRNAs on metabolism, and associated oncogenic phenotypes in glioblastoma (GBM) using patient-derived data. Networks of differentially expressed miRNAs and metabolic genes were created and analyzed to identify important miRNAs that regulate major metabolism in GBM. Graph network-based approaches like network diffusion, backbone extraction, and different centrality measures were used to analyze these networks for identification of potential miRNA targets. Important metabolic processes and cellular phenotypes were annotated to trace the functional responses associated with these miRNA-regulated metabolic genes and associated phenotype networks. miRNA-regulated metabolic gene subnetworks of cellular phenotypes were extracted, and important miRNAs regulating these phenotypes were identified. The most important outcome of the study is the target miRNA combinations predicted for five different oncogenic phenotypes that can be tested experimentally for miRNA-based therapeutic design in GBM. Strategies implemented in the study can be used to generate testable hypotheses in other cancer types as well, and design context-specific miRNA-based therapy for individual patient. Their usability can be further extended to other gene regulatory networks in cancer and other genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupa Bhowmick
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Ram Rup Sarkar
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, 411008, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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8
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Mokri N, Sepehri Z, Faninam F, Khaleghi S, Kazemi NM, Hashemi M. Chitosan-coated Zn-metal-organic framework nanocomposites for effective targeted delivery of LNA-antisense miR-224 to colon tumor: in vitro studies. Gene Ther 2022; 29:680-690. [PMID: 34108628 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-021-00265-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, nano-compartments are considered as an effective drug delivery system (DDS) for cancer therapy. Targeted delivery of therapeutic agents is an advantageous approach by which cancer cells can be targeted without harming normal cells, and eliminates the negative effects of conventional therapies such as chemotherapy. In this research, a novel zinc-based nanoscale metal-organic framework (Zn-NMOF) coated with folic acid (FA) functionalized chitosan (CS) has been constructed and applied as efficient delivery of LNA (locked nucleic acid)-antisense miR-224 to colon cancer cell lines. LNA-antisense miR-224 as a therapeutic sequence was able to considerably block highly expressed miR-224 and downregulated cancer cell growth. The prepared nano-complex was characterized by analytical devices such as FT-IR, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, DLS, TEM, and XRD. The size range of NMOF-CS-FA-LNA-antisense miR-224 (MCFL224) nano-complex was obtained nearly at 200 nm. The entrapment efficiency of LNA-antisense miR-224 was calculated 72 ± 5% and a significant release profile of LNA-antisense miR-224 was observed at first 6 h (about 50%). Then, in vitro assays were implemented on HCT116 (folic acid receptor-positive colon cancer cell line) and CRL1831 (normal colon cell line) to evaluate the therapeutic efficiency of the MCFL224 nano-complex. In these investigations, decreased cell viability (14.22 ± 0.3% after 72 h treatment), increased apoptotic and autophagy-related genes expression level (BECLIN1: 34-folds, BAX: 36-folds, mTORC1: 10-folds, and Caspase-9: 9-folds more than control), higher cell cycle arrest in sub-G1 phase (19.53% of cells in sub-G1 phase), and more apoptosis analyses (late apoptosis: 67.7%) were evaluated in colon cancer cells treated with MCFL224 nano-complex. Results remarkably indicate the inhibited growth of colon cancer cells and induced cell apoptosis which suggests MCFL224 as a promising nanocomposite for colon cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Mokri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Sepehri
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Biology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Faninam
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Biology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Khaleghi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Negar Motakef Kazemi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Cirino M, Trevisan FA, Peria F, Tirapelli D, Carlotti Jr CG. Modulation of Genes and MicroRNAs in the Neurospheres of Glioblastoma Cell Lines U343 and T98G Induced by Ionizing Radiation and Temozolomide Therapy. Cureus 2022; 14:e32211. [PMID: 36620850 PMCID: PMC9812005 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glioblastoma is the most prevalent primary malignant neoplasm of the central nervous system. It has increased its incidence, while the overall survival remains over 14 months. PURPOSE The purpose is to evaluate the expression of the genes EGFR, PTEN, MGMT, and IDH1/2, and microRNAs miR-181b, miR-145, miR-149, and miR-128a in adhered cells (AC) and neurospheres (NS) from cell lines (T98G and U343) submitted to temozolomide (TMZ) and ionizing radiation (IR). METHODS T98G and U343 were treated with TMZ, IR, and TMZ+IR. The analysis of gene expression and miRNAs was performed using real-time PCR. RESULTS This study demonstrated: a) an improvement in the expression of IDH1 after IR and TMZ + IR in the NS (T98G); b) an increase in the expression of MGMT in NS (T98G) in IR groups and TMZ + IR. The expression of miRNAs results as a) AC (U343) expressed more miR-181b after TMZ, IR, and TMZ + IR; and miR-128a improved after TMZ, IR, and TMZ + IR; b) NS (T98G) after TMZ + IR expressed: miR-181b; miR-149; miR-145 and miR-128a; c) NS (U343) after IR huge expressed miR-149 and miR-145. CONCLUSION IR was an independent and determining radioresistance factor in NS. However, we observed no complementarity action of oncomiRs regulation.
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10
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Associations of miR-181a with Health-Related Quality of Life, Cognitive Functioning, and Clinical Data of Patients with Different Grade Glioma Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911149. [PMID: 36232448 PMCID: PMC9570445 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are central nervous system tumors with a lethal prognosis. Small micro-RNA molecules participate in various biological processes, are tissue-specific, and, therefore, could be promising targets for cancer treatment. Thus, this study aims to examine miR-181a as a potent biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of glioma patients and, for the first time, to find associations between the expression level of miR-181a and patient quality of life (QoL) and cognitive functioning. The expression level of miR-181a was analyzed in 78 post-operative II-IV grade gliomas by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The expression profile was compared with patient clinical data (age, survival time after the operation, tumor grade and location, mutation status of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), and promoter methylation of O-6-methylguanine methyltransferase). Furthermore, the health-related QoL was assessed using the Karnofsky performance scale and the quality of life questionnaires; while cognitive assessment was assessed by the Hopkins verbal learning test-revised, trail-making test, and phonemic fluency tasks. The expression of miR-181a was significantly lower in tumors of grade III and IV and was associated with IDH1 wild-type gliomas and a worse prognosis of patient overall survival. Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between miR-181a levels and functional status and QoL of glioma patients. Therefore, miR-181a is a unique molecule that plays an important role in gliomagenesis, and is also associated with changes in patients’ quality of life.
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11
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Labib EM, Ezz El Arab LR, Ghanem HM, Hassan RE, Swellam M. Relevance of circulating MiRNA-21 and MiRNA-181 in prediction of glioblastoma multiforme prognosis. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:924-929. [PMID: 32316783 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1739716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Authors aimed to investigate the clinical role of miR-21 and miR-181 among glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression for both miRs were detected in blood samples from newly diagnosed twenty GBM patients before and after treatment along with 20 healthy individuals using QPCR technology. RESULTS MiR-21 reported increase expression while miR-181 reported decreased expression in GBM patients. Expression of miR-21 was up-regulated in GBM patients older than 60 years and frontal mass with tumor size > 5 cm while miR-181 expression was down-regulated among them. Worse PFS and OS reported increase in miR-21 expression and decrease in miR-181 expression. CONCLUSION Detection of miR-21 and miR-181 expression levels may be a potential diagnostic and predictors for GBM prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa M Labib
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lobna R Ezz El Arab
- Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala M Ghanem
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha E Hassan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Menha Swellam
- Biochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, High Throughput Molecular and Genetic laboratory, Center for Excellences for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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12
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Ceccarelli L, Marchetti L, Rizzo M, Moscardini A, Cappello V, Da Pozzo E, Romano M, Giacomelli C, Bergese P, Martini C. Human Microglia Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Different Microglia Cell Lines: Similarities and Differences. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:23127-23137. [PMID: 35847267 PMCID: PMC9280972 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Microglial cells are a component of the innate immune system in the brain that support cell-to-cell communication via secreted molecules and extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs can be divided into two major populations: large (LEVs) and small (SEVs) EVs, carrying different mediators, such as proteins, lipids, and miRNAs. The microglia EVs cargo crucially reflects the status of parental cells and can lead to both beneficial and detrimental effects in many physiopathological states. Herein, a workflow for the extraction and characterization of SEVs and LEVs from human C20 and HMC3 microglia cell lines derived, respectively, from adult and embryonic microglia is reported. EVs were gathered from the culture media of the two cell lines by sequential ultracentrifugation steps and their biochemical and biophysical properties were analyzed by Western blot, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering. Although the C20- and HMC3-derived EVs shared several common features, C20-derived EVs were slightly lower in number and more polydispersed. Interestingly, C20- but not HMC3-SEVs were able to interfere with the proliferation of U87 glioblastoma cells. This correlated with the different relative levels of eight miRNAs involved in neuroinflammation and tumor progression in the C20- and HMC3-derived EVs, which in turn reflected a different basal activation state of the two cell types. Our data fill a gap in the community of microglia EVs, in which the preparations from human cells have been poorly characterized so far. Furthermore, these results shed light on both the differences and similarities of EVs extracted from different human microglia cell models, underlining the need to better characterize the features and biological effects of EVs for therein useful and correct application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Ceccarelli
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
- Department
of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Laura Marchetti
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Milena Rizzo
- Institute
of Clinical Physiology (IFC), CNR, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Aldo Moscardini
- SNS
(Scuola Normale Superiore, NEST laboratories), Pisa 56127, Italy
| | - Valentina Cappello
- Center
for Materials Interfaces, Electron Crystallography, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pontedera 56025, Italy
| | | | - Miriam Romano
- Department
of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia 25121, Italy
- Center
for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), Firenze 50019, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Bergese
- Department
of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia 25121, Italy
- Center
for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI), Firenze 50019, Italy
- Institute
for Research and Biomedical Innovation- IRIB, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche—CNR, Palermo 900146, Italy
| | - Claudia Martini
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
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13
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Cai L, Lai D, Gao J, Wu H, Shi B, Ji H, Tou J. The role and mechanisms of miRNA in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1053965. [PMID: 36518784 PMCID: PMC9742607 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1053965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), the most significant causes of neonatal mortality, is a disease of acute intestinal inflammation. At present, it is not clear exactly how the disease is caused, but it has been suggested that this disorder is a result of a complex interaction among prematurity, enteral feeding and inappropriate pro-inflammation response and bacterial infection of the intestine. A microRNA (miRNA) is a class of endogenous non-coding single-stranded RNA that is about 23 nucleotides long engaging in the regulation of the gene expression. Recently, numerous studies have determined that abnormal miRNA expression plays important roles in various diseases, including NEC. Here, we summarized the role of miRNAs in NEC. We introduce the biosynthetic and function of miRNAs and then describe the possible mechanisms of miRNAs in the initiation and development of NEC, including their influence on the intestinal epithelial barrier's function and regulation of the inflammatory process. Finally, this review aids in a comprehensive understanding of the current miRNA to accurately predict the diagnosis of NEC and provide ideas to find potential therapeutic targets of miRNA for NEC. In conclusion, our aims are to highlight the close relationship between miRNAs and NEC and to summarize the practical value of developing diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets of NEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghao Cai
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dengming Lai
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiafang Gao
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Shi
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haosen Ji
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinfa Tou
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Yang Q, Wei B, Peng C, Wang L, Li C. Identification of serum exosomal miR-98-5p, miR-183-5p, miR-323-3p and miR-19b-3p as potential biomarkers for glioblastoma patients and investigation of their mechanisms. Curr Res Transl Med 2021; 70:103315. [PMID: 34837760 DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2021.103315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exosomal miRNAs have attracted increasing interest as potential biomarkers and treatment targets for cancers, however, glioblastoma (GBM)-related exosomal miRNAs remain rarely reported. The study aimed to screen crucial serum exosomal miRNAs in GBM patients and explored their possible mechanisms. METHODS Serum exosomal miRNA profile datasets of GBM patients and normal controls were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GSE112462 and GSE122488). The differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified using the limma method. Their diagnostic values were assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The target genes of DEMs were predicted by the miRwalk 2.0 database. Function enrichment analysis was performed using the DAVID database. The expression and prognosis of target genes were validated using TCGA sequencing data and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Seven DEMs were shared in two datasets, among which hsa-miR-183-5p and hsa-miR-98-5p as well as has-miR-323-3p or has-miR-19b-3p constituted a diagnostic signature to distinguish GBM from controls, with the area under the ROC curve nearly approximate to 1. MAPK8IP1/FAM175B, OSMR/CASP3, PTPN2 and FBXO32 may be underlying targets for hsa-miR-183-5p, hsa-miR-98-5p, has-miR-323-3p and has-miR-19b-3p, respectively. Function analysis showed all of these target genes were involved in cell proliferation and related signaling pathways [positive regulation of cell proliferation (OSMR), negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter (PTPN2), cell division (FAM175B), regulation of transcription, DNA-templated (MAPK8IP1), hsa05200:Pathways in cancer (CASP3) and hsa04068:FoxO signaling pathway (FBXO32)]. The protein and (or mRNA) expression levels of OSMR, CASP3, PTPN2 and FBXO32 were validated to be upregulated, while MAPK8IP1 and FAM175B were downregulated in GBM tissues. Also, OSMR, CASP3, PTPN2 and FBXO32 were associated with patients' prognosis. CONCLUSION These findings suggest these four exosomal miRNAs may represent potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Departments of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Chuangang Peng
- Orthopaedic Medical Center, The 2nd Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, China
| | - Le Wang
- Ophthalmology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Chang Li
- Departments of VIP Unit, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China.
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15
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Aili Y, Maimaitiming N, Mahemuti Y, Qin H, Wang Y, Wang Z. The Role of Exosomal miRNAs in Glioma: Biological Function and Clinical Application. Front Oncol 2021; 11:686369. [PMID: 34540663 PMCID: PMC8442992 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.686369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are complex and heterogeneous central nervous system tumors with poor prognosis. Despite the increasing development of aggressive combination therapies, the prognosis of glioma is generally unsatisfactory. Exosomal microRNA (miRNA) has been successfully used in other diseases as a reliable biomarker and even therapeutic target. Recent studies show that exosomal miRNA plays an important role in glioma occurrence, development, invasion, metastasis, and treatment resistance. However, the association of exosomal miRNA between glioma has not been systemically characterized. This will provide a theoretical basis for us to further explore the relationship between exosomal miRNAs and glioma and also has a positive clinical significance in the innovative diagnosis and treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yirizhati Aili
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | | | - Yusufu Mahemuti
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hu Qin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yongxin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zengliang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
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16
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Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as a chronic inflammation in colon and small intestine has two subtypes: ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Genome studies have shown that UC and CD are related to microRNAs (miRNAs) expression in addition to environmental factors. This article reviews important researches that have recently been done on miRNAs roles in CD and UC disease. First, miRNA is introduced and its biogenesis and function are discussed. Afterward, roles of miRNAs in inflammatory processes involved in IBD are showed. Finally, this review proposes some circulating and tissue-specific miRNAs, which are useful for CD and UC fast diagnosis and grade prediction. As a conclusion, miRNAs are efficient diagnostic molecules especially in IBD subtypes discrimination and can be used by microarray and real time PCR methods for disease detection and classification.
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17
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Cardoso AM, Morais CM, Pena F, Marante T, Cunha PP, Jurado AS, Pedroso de Lima MC. Differentiation of glioblastoma stem cells promoted by miR-128 or miR-302a overexpression enhances senescence-associated cytotoxicity of axitinib. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:160-171. [PMID: 33438013 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the intense global efforts towards an effective treatment of glioblastoma (GB), current therapeutic options are unsatisfactory with a median survival time of 12-15 months after diagnosis, which has not improved significantly over more than a decade. The high tumoral heterogeneity confers resistance to therapies, which has hindered a successful clinical outcome, GB remaining among the deadliest cancers. A hallmark of GB is its high recurrence rate, which has been attributed to the presence of a small subpopulation of tumor cells called GB stem-like cells (GSC). In the present work, the efficacy of a multimodal strategy combining microRNA (miRNA) modulation with new generation multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (imatinib and axitinib) was investigated aiming at tackling this subpopulation of GB cells. MiR-128 and miR-302a were selected as attractive therapeutic candidates on the basis of previous findings reporting that reestablishment of their decreased expression levels in GSC resulted in cell differentiation, which could represent a possible strategy to sensitize GSC to chemotherapy. Our results show that overexpression of miR-128 or miR-302a induced GSC differentiation, which enhanced senescence mediated by axitinib treatment, thus further impairing GSC proliferation. We also provided evidence for the capacity of GSC to efficiently internalize functionalized stable nucleic acid lipid particles, previously developed and successfully applied in our laboratory to target GB. Taken together, our findings will be important in the future design of a GB-targeted multimodal miRNA-based gene therapy, combining overexpression of miR-128 or miR-302a with axitinib treatment, endowed with the ability to overcome drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Cardoso
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, IIIUC-Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Catarina M Morais
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, IIIUC-Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal Portugal
| | - Frederico Pena
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, IIIUC-Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tânia Marante
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, IIIUC-Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro P Cunha
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, IIIUC-Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Amália S Jurado
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, IIIUC-Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal Portugal
| | - Maria C Pedroso de Lima
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, IIIUC-Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Coimbra, Portugal
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Valtorta S, Salvatore D, Rainone P, Belloli S, Bertoli G, Moresco RM. Molecular and Cellular Complexity of Glioma. Focus on Tumour Microenvironment and the Use of Molecular and Imaging Biomarkers to Overcome Treatment Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5631. [PMID: 32781585 PMCID: PMC7460665 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This review highlights the importance and the complexity of tumour biology and microenvironment in the progression and therapy resistance of glioma. Specific gene mutations, the possible functions of several non-coding microRNAs and the intra-tumour and inter-tumour heterogeneity of cell types contribute to limit the efficacy of the actual therapeutic options. In this scenario, identification of molecular biomarkers of response and the use of multimodal in vivo imaging and in particular the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) based molecular approach, can help identifying glioma features and the modifications occurring during therapy at a regional level. Indeed, a better understanding of tumor heterogeneity and the development of diagnostic procedures can favor the identification of a cluster of patients for personalized medicine in order to improve the survival and their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Valtorta
- Department of Medicine and Surgery and Tecnomed Foundation, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (S.V.); (D.S.); (P.R.)
- Nuclear Medicine Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute (IRCCS), 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Daniela Salvatore
- Department of Medicine and Surgery and Tecnomed Foundation, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (S.V.); (D.S.); (P.R.)
- Nuclear Medicine Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute (IRCCS), 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Paolo Rainone
- Department of Medicine and Surgery and Tecnomed Foundation, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (S.V.); (D.S.); (P.R.)
- Nuclear Medicine Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute (IRCCS), 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Sara Belloli
- Nuclear Medicine Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute (IRCCS), 20132 Milan, Italy;
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), CNR, 20090 Segrate, Italy
| | - Gloria Bertoli
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), CNR, 20090 Segrate, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Moresco
- Department of Medicine and Surgery and Tecnomed Foundation, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (S.V.); (D.S.); (P.R.)
- Nuclear Medicine Department, San Raffaele Scientific Institute (IRCCS), 20132 Milan, Italy;
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), CNR, 20090 Segrate, Italy
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19
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Alamdari-Palangi V, Karami Z, Karami H, Baazm M. MiRNA-7 Replacement Effect on Proliferation and Tarceva-Sensitivity in U373-MG Cell Line. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:1747-1753. [PMID: 32592373 PMCID: PMC7568905 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.6.1747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deregulation of the EGFR signaling pathway activity has been shown to can be effective in resistance to EGFR-TKIs, such as Tarceva (erlotinib), in glioblastoma cells. In addition, reports have shown that the reduction of miRNA-7 expression levels is associated with an increase in the expression of EGFR. Here, we evaluated the effect of miRNA-7 on EGFR expression and sensitivity of the U373-MG glioblastoma to erlotinib. METHODS The effect of miRNA-7 on EGFR expression was examined using RT-qPCR and western blotting. Trypan blue and MTT assays were performed to explore the effect of treatments on cell growth and survival, respectively. The combination index analysis was used to evaluate the interaction between drugs. Apoptosis was measured by ELISA cell death assay. RESULTS We showed that miRNA-7 markedly inhibited the expression of EGFR and decreased the growth of glioblastoma cells, relative to blank control and negative control miRNA (p < 0.05). Introduction of miRNA-7 synergistically increased the sensitivity of the U373-MG cells to erlotinib. Results of apoptosis assay demonstrated that miRNA-7 can trigger apoptosis and enhance the erlotinib-mediated apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that miRNA-7 plays a critical role in the growth, survival and sensitivity of the U373-MG cells to erlotinib by targeting EGFR. Thus, miRNA-7 replacement therapy can become an effective therapeutic procedure in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahab Alamdari-Palangi
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Zahra Karami
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hadi Karami
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.,Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Maryam Baazm
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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20
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Lu X, Wang F, Fu M, Li Y, Wang L. [ARTICLE WITHDRAWN] Long Noncoding RNA KCNQ1OT1 Accelerates the Progression of Ovarian Cancer via MicroRNA-212-3/LCN2 Axis. Oncol Res 2020; 28:135-146. [PMID: 31653278 PMCID: PMC7851512 DOI: 10.3727/096504019x15719983040135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
ARTICLE WITHDRAWN: This article was withdrawn by the authors with the following Withdrawal Statement - The integrity of the current study is not acceptable. The authors intend to enrich the study to make it more valuable. Thus, the authors want to withdraw the current study. Please accept our apologies for this inconvenience and we hope for your understanding. Yours sincerely (on behalf of the authors), Xiaoqin Lu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Lu
- *Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Fuying Wang
- *Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Meizhou Fu
- †Education and Training Department, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Yuankun Li
- *Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Wang
- *Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
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21
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Abstract
RNA plays essential roles in not only translating nucleic acids into proteins, but also in gene regulation, environmental interactions and many human diseases. Nature uses over 150 chemical modifications to decorate RNA and diversify its functions. With the fast-growing RNA research in the burgeoning field of 'epitranscriptome', a term describes post-transcriptional RNA modifications that can dynamically change the transcriptome, it becomes clear that these modifications participate in modulating gene expression and controlling the cell fate, thereby igniting the new interests in RNA-based drug discovery. The dynamics of these RNA chemical modifications is orchestrated by coordinated actions of an array of writer, reader and eraser proteins. Deregulated expression of these RNA modifying proteins can lead to many human diseases including cancer. In this review, we highlight several critical modifications, namely m6A, m1A, m5C, inosine and pseudouridine, in both coding and non-coding RNAs. In parallel, we present a few other cancer-related tRNA and rRNA modifications. We further discuss their roles in cancer promotion or tumour suppression. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the biogenesis and turnover of these RNA modifications will be of great significance in the design and development of novel anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phensinee Haruehanroengra
- Department of Chemistry and the RNA Institute, College of Arts and Science, University at Albany, State University of New York , Albany, NY, USA
| | - Ya Ying Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and the RNA Institute, College of Arts and Science, University at Albany, State University of New York , Albany, NY, USA
| | - Yubin Zhou
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yun Huang
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jia Sheng
- Department of Chemistry and the RNA Institute, College of Arts and Science, University at Albany, State University of New York , Albany, NY, USA
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22
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Alamdari-Palangi V, Amini R, Karami H. MiRNA-7 enhances erlotinib sensitivity of glioblastoma cells by blocking the IRS-1 and IRS-2 expression. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 72:531-538. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Down-regulation of miRNA-7 is correlated with over-expression of IRS-1 and IRS-2 proteins, the upstream regulators of IGF-1R/Akt pathway, in glioblastoma cells. In this study, the effect of miRNA-7 on expression of IRS-1 and IRS-2 and sensitivity of the U373-MG glioblastoma cells to erlotinib was explored.
Methods
After miRNA-7 transfection, the expression of IRS-1 and IRS-2 mRNAs was measured by RT-qPCR. Trypan blue assay was used to assess the effect of miRNA-7 on cell proliferation. The effects of miRNA-7 and erlotinib, alone and in combination, on cell survival and apoptosis were measured using MTT assay and ELISA cell death assay, respectively.
Key findings
Our data showed that miRNA-7 markedly inhibited the expression of IRS-1 and IRS-2 in a time-dependent manner, inhibited the proliferation of glioblastoma cells and enhanced apoptosis (P < 0.05, relative to control). Pretreatment with miRNA-7 synergistically inhibited the cell survival rate and decreased the IC50 of erlotinib. Furthermore, miRNA-7 significantly augmented the apoptotic effect of erlotinib.
Conclusions
Our data propose that inhibition of IRS-1 and IRS-2 by miRNA-7 can effectively induce apoptosis and sensitize glioblastoma cell to EGFR-TKIs. Therefore, miRNA-7 may be a potential therapeutic target in patients with glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahab Alamdari-Palangi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Razieh Amini
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Hadi Karami
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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Li H, Zhang J, Tong JHM, Chan AWH, Yu J, Kang W, To KF. Targeting the Oncogenic p53 Mutants in Colorectal Cancer and Other Solid Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235999. [PMID: 31795192 PMCID: PMC6929124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a kind of solid tumor and the third most common cancer type in the world. It is a heterogeneous disease characterized by genetic and epigenetic aberrations. The TP53 mutation is the key step driving the transition from adenoma to adenocarcinoma. The functional roles of TP53 mutation in tumor development have been comprehensively investigated. In CRC, TP53 mutation was associated with poor prognosis and chemoresistance. A gain of function (GOF) of p53 mutants promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion through multiple mechanisms. Restoring wild type p53 function, depleting p53 mutants, or intervention by targeting the oncogenic downstreams provides potential therapeutic strategies. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the GOF of p53 mutants in CRC progression as well as in some other solid tumors, and discuss the current strategies targeting p53 mutants in malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.L.); (J.Z.); (J.H.M.T.); (A.W.H.C.)
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jinglin Zhang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.L.); (J.Z.); (J.H.M.T.); (A.W.H.C.)
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joanna Hung Man Tong
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.L.); (J.Z.); (J.H.M.T.); (A.W.H.C.)
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anthony Wing Hung Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.L.); (J.Z.); (J.H.M.T.); (A.W.H.C.)
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Kang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.L.); (J.Z.); (J.H.M.T.); (A.W.H.C.)
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (W.K.); (K.F.T.); Tel.: +852-35051505 (W.K. & K.F.T.); Fax: +852-26497286 (W.K. & K.F.T.)
| | - Ka Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.L.); (J.Z.); (J.H.M.T.); (A.W.H.C.)
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (W.K.); (K.F.T.); Tel.: +852-35051505 (W.K. & K.F.T.); Fax: +852-26497286 (W.K. & K.F.T.)
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To KKW, Fong W, Tong CWS, Wu M, Yan W, Cho WCS. Advances in the discovery of microRNA-based anticancer therapeutics: latest tools and developments. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2019; 15:63-83. [PMID: 31739699 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2020.1690449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous non-coding RNAs that repress the expression of their target genes by reducing mRNA stability and/or inhibiting translation. miRNAs are known to be aberrantly regulated in cancers. Modulators of miRNA (mimics and antagonists) have emerged as novel therapeutic tools for cancer treatment.Areas covered: This review summarizes the various strategies that have been applied to correct the dysregulated miRNA in cancer cells. The authors also discuss the recent advances in the technical development and preclinical/clinical evaluation of miRNA-based therapeutic agents.Expert opinion: Application of miRNA-based therapeutics for cancer treatment is appealing because they are able to modulate multiple dysregulated genes and/or signaling pathways in cancer cells. Major obstacles hindering their clinical development include drug delivery, off-target effects, efficacious dose determination, and safety. Tumor site-specific delivery of novel miRNA therapeutics may help to minimize off-target effects and toxicity. Combination of miRNA therapeutics with other anticancer treatment modalities could provide a synergistic effect, thus allowing the use of lower dose, minimizing off-target effects, and improving the overall safety profile in cancer patients. It is critical to identify individual miRNAs with cancer type-specific and context-specific regulation of oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes in order to facilitate the precise use of miRNA anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth K W To
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Winnie Fong
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Christy W S Tong
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mingxia Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wei Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - William C S Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
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25
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Kim DC, Kim YZ. Analysis of microRNA expression in glial tumors by using a peptide nucleic acid-based microarray. PRECISION AND FUTURE MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.23838/pfm.2019.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Sukumar UK, Bose RJC, Malhotra M, Babikir HA, Afjei R, Robinson E, Zeng Y, Chang E, Habte F, Sinclair R, Gambhir SS, Massoud TF, Paulmurugan R. Intranasal delivery of targeted polyfunctional gold-iron oxide nanoparticles loaded with therapeutic microRNAs for combined theranostic multimodality imaging and presensitization of glioblastoma to temozolomide. Biomaterials 2019; 218:119342. [PMID: 31326657 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The prognosis for glioblastoma (GBM) remains depressingly low. The biological barriers of the brain present a major challenge to achieving adequate drug concentrations for GBM therapy. To address this, we explore the potential of the nose-to-brain direct transport pathway to bypass the blood-brain barrier, and to enable targeted delivery of theranostic polyfunctional gold-iron oxide nanoparticles (polyGIONs) surface loaded with therapeutic miRNAs (miR-100 and antimiR-21) to GBMs in mice. These nanoformulations would thus allow presensitization of GBM cells to the systemically delivered chemotherapy drug temozolomide (TMZ), as well as in vivo multimodality molecular and anatomic imaging of nanoparticle delivery, trafficking, and treatment effects. First, we synthesized GIONs coated with β-cyclodextrin-chitosan (CD-CS) hybrid polymer, and co-loaded with miR-100 and antimiR-21. Then we decorated their surface with PEG-T7 peptide using CD-adamantane host-guest chemistry. The resultant polyGIONs showed efficient miRNA loading with enhanced serum stability. We characterized them for particle size, PDI, polymer functionalization, charge and release using dynamic light scattering analysis, TEM and qRT-PCR. For in vivo intranasal delivery, we used U87-MG GBM cell-derived orthotopic xenograft models in mice. Intranasal delivery resulted in efficient accumulation of Cy5-miRNAs in mice treated with T7-targeted polyGIONs, as demonstrated by in vivo optical fluorescence and MR imaging. We measured the therapeutic response of these FLUC-EGFP labelled U87-MG GBMs using bioluminescence imaging. Overall, there was a significant increase in survival of mice co-treated with T7-polyGIONs loaded with miR-100/antimiR-21 plus systemic TMZ, compared to the untreated control group, or the animals receiving non-targeted polyGIONs-miR-100/antimiR-21, or TMZ alone. Once translated clinically, this novel theranostic nanoformulation and its associated intranasal delivery strategy will have a strong potential to potentiate the effects of TMZ treatment in GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday K Sukumar
- Cellular Pathway Imaging Laboratory (CPIL), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, 3155 Porter Drive, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Rajendran J C Bose
- Cellular Pathway Imaging Laboratory (CPIL), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, 3155 Porter Drive, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Meenakshi Malhotra
- Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Neuroimaging (LEMNI), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Grant Bldg. S031, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Husam A Babikir
- Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Neuroimaging (LEMNI), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Grant Bldg. S031, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Rayhaneh Afjei
- Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Neuroimaging (LEMNI), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Grant Bldg. S031, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Elise Robinson
- Cellular Pathway Imaging Laboratory (CPIL), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, 3155 Porter Drive, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Yitian Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-4034, United States
| | - Edwin Chang
- Multimodality Molecular Imaging Laboratory (MMIL), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Clark Center, 318 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Frezghi Habte
- Cellular Pathway Imaging Laboratory (CPIL), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, 3155 Porter Drive, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Robert Sinclair
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-4034, United States
| | - Sanjiv S Gambhir
- Multimodality Molecular Imaging Laboratory (MMIL), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Clark Center, 318 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Tarik F Massoud
- Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Neuroimaging (LEMNI), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Grant Bldg. S031, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Ramasamy Paulmurugan
- Cellular Pathway Imaging Laboratory (CPIL), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, 3155 Porter Drive, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA.
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microRNA-181d associated with the methylation status of the MGMT gene in Glioblastoma multiforme cancer stem cells submitted to treatments with ionizing radiation and temozolomide. Brain Res 2019; 1720:146302. [PMID: 31226325 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite the increased understanding of the oncological mechanisms underlying Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) pathophysiology, and recent advances in therapeutic strategies such as maximal surgical resection and post-operative radiotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide chemotherapy, the prognosis for patients with brain tumors remains limited. Evidences indicate that the assessment of DNA methylation status in cancer stem cells would allow identifying molecules expressed in these cells, to lead to targeted elimination of this critical population from brain tumors, making the glioblastoma treatment more effective. This study aimed to analyze the role of microRNA-181d associated with the methylation status of the O6-methylguanine methyl transferase (MGMT) gene in Glioblastoma multiforme cancer stem cells subjected to treatment with temozolomide and ionizing radiation. Such responses were analyzed in terms of cell survival, evaluation of the MGMT gene methylation status by MS-HRM (Methylation-Sensitive High Resolution Melting), and analysis of miRNA-181d and MGMT gene expression by relative quantification of mRNA levels in cancer stem cells subjected to treatment with temozolomide and ionizing radiation, isolated or combined. We showed that ionizing radiation and temozolomide reduced the viability of cancer stem cells from GBM patients, as well as modified MGMT gene and miRNA-181d expression in cancer stem cells, suggesting that miRNA-181d interferes in the glioblastoma cancer stem cell response to treatment with temozolomide and ionizing radiation.
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Liu XQ, Xin HY, Lyu YN, Ma ZW, Peng XC, Xiang Y, Wang YY, Wu ZJ, Cheng JT, Ji JF, Zhong JX, Ren BX, Wang XW, Xin HW. Oncolytic herpes simplex virus tumor targeting and neutralization escape by engineering viral envelope glycoproteins. Drug Deliv 2019; 25:1950-1962. [PMID: 30799657 PMCID: PMC6282442 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1534895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic herpes simplex viruses (oHSVs) have been approved for clinical usage and become more and more popular for tumor virotherapy. However, there are still many issues for the oHSVs used in clinics and clinical trials. The main issues are the limited anti-tumor effects, intratumor injection, and some side effects. To overcome such challenges, here we review the genetic engineering of the envelope glycoproteins for oHSVs to target tumors specifically, and at the same time we summarize the many neutralization antibodies against the envelope glycoproteins and align the neutralization epitopes with functional domains of the respective glycoproteins for future identification of new functions of the glycoproteins and future engineering of the epitopes to escape from host neutralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qin Liu
- a Faculty of Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine , Yangtze University, Nanhuan , Jingzhou , Hubei , China.,b Laboratory of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , Hubei , China.,c Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , Hubei , China.,d Department of Nursing and Medical Imaging Technology , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , Hubei , China
| | - Hong-Yi Xin
- e Star Array Pte Ltd , JTC Medtech Hub , Singapore , Singapore
| | - Yan-Ning Lyu
- f Institute for Infectious Diseases and Endemic Diseases Prevention and Control, Beijing Center for Diseases Prevention and Control , Beijing , China
| | - Zhao-Wu Ma
- a Faculty of Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine , Yangtze University, Nanhuan , Jingzhou , Hubei , China.,b Laboratory of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , Hubei , China.,c Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , Hubei , China
| | - Xiao-Chun Peng
- a Faculty of Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine , Yangtze University, Nanhuan , Jingzhou , Hubei , China.,b Laboratory of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , Hubei , China.,g Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , Hubei , China
| | - Ying Xiang
- a Faculty of Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine , Yangtze University, Nanhuan , Jingzhou , Hubei , China.,b Laboratory of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , Hubei , China.,c Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , Hubei , China
| | - Ying-Ying Wang
- a Faculty of Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine , Yangtze University, Nanhuan , Jingzhou , Hubei , China.,b Laboratory of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , Hubei , China.,c Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , Hubei , China
| | - Zi-Jun Wu
- a Faculty of Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine , Yangtze University, Nanhuan , Jingzhou , Hubei , China.,b Laboratory of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , Hubei , China.,c Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , Hubei , China.,d Department of Nursing and Medical Imaging Technology , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , Hubei , China
| | - Jun-Ting Cheng
- a Faculty of Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine , Yangtze University, Nanhuan , Jingzhou , Hubei , China.,b Laboratory of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , Hubei , China.,c Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , Hubei , China
| | - Jia-Fu Ji
- h Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery , Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute , Haidian , Beijing , China
| | - Ji-Xin Zhong
- i Cardiovascular Research Institute , Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , OH , USA
| | - Bo-Xu Ren
- a Faculty of Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine , Yangtze University, Nanhuan , Jingzhou , Hubei , China.,d Department of Nursing and Medical Imaging Technology , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , Hubei , China
| | - Xian-Wang Wang
- a Faculty of Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine , Yangtze University, Nanhuan , Jingzhou , Hubei , China.,b Laboratory of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , Hubei , China.,j Faculty of Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Basic Medicine , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , Hubei , China
| | - Hong-Wu Xin
- a Faculty of Medicine, The Second School of Clinical Medicine , Yangtze University, Nanhuan , Jingzhou , Hubei , China.,b Laboratory of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , Hubei , China.,c Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine , Yangtze University , Jingzhou , Hubei , China
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Yang K, Feng S, Ren J, Zhou W. Upregulation of microRNA-196a improves cognitive impairment and alleviates neuronal damage in hippocampus tissues of Alzheimer's disease through downregulating LRIG3 expression. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:17811-17821. [PMID: 31119777 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study is launched to uncover the inner function of microRNA-196a (miR-196a) on cognitive dysfunction and neuronal damage in Alzheimer's disease (AD) rats through regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. METHODS The establishment of AD rat model was performed by a microinjection of Aβ25-35 . miR-196a and LRIG3 expression was detected, and the putative binding site between them was also determined. The spatial learning and memory capability, the hippocampal neurons ultrastructure as well as the survival, and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons of rats were observed. The expression of apoptosis-associated protein, oxidative stress index, and inflammatory factors as well as the PI3K/Akt pathway-related factors was determined. RESULTS Initially, decreased miR-196a and increased LRIG3 were exhibited in hippocampus tissues of AD rats. In addition, restored miR-196a and deleted LRIG3 ameliorated spatial learning and memory capability, suppressed the pathological injury, induced the survival, and suppressed the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons, as well as inhibited oxidative stress injury together with inflammatory injury in AD rats. Furthermore, upregulation of miR-196a activated the PI3/Akt pathway in AD rats. CONCLUSION This current study suggests that upregulation of miR-196a and downregulation of LRIG3 improve cognitive impairment and alleviate neuronal damage in hippocampus tissues in AD rats via the modulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yang
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shutao Feng
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Zhang Z, Zhao M, Wang G. Upregulation of microRNA-7 contributes to inhibition of the growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells through the inhibition of IGF1R. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:22195-22206. [PMID: 31102265 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We aim to uncover the methylation of microRNA-7 (miR-7) promoter in osteosarcoma (OS) and the inner mechanism of miR-7 on the progression of OS cells. Expression and methylation state of miR-7 in OS tissues and cells were detected. With the aim to unearth the ability of miR-7 in OS, the proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, invasion, migration of OS cells, and the tumor growth in nude mice were determined. Meanwhile, IGF1R expression was detected and the association between miR-7 and IGF1R was confirmed. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression was tested by immunohistochemical staining, and the lung metastasis was observed by H&E staining. miR-7 expression was decreased and methylation state of miR-7 was increased in OS tissues and cells. Upregulated miR-7 inhibited proliferation, cell cycle progression, invasion,and migration, while inducing apoptosis of OS cells and the tumor growth as well as PCNA expression in nude mice. Expression of IGF1R was downregulated in OS cells with overexpression of miR-7. Experiments verified the binding site between miR-7 and IGF1R. Our study demonstrates that abnormal methylation of miR-7 contributes to decreased miR-7 in OS. In addition, miR-7 represses the initiation and progression of OS cells through the inhibition of IGF1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuojun Zhang
- Upper Limb Injury Treatment Center, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province (Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province), Luoyang, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Upper Limb Injury Treatment Center, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province (Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province), Luoyang, China
| | - Guojie Wang
- Upper Limb Injury Treatment Center, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province (Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province), Luoyang, China
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Xiong DD, Xu WQ, He RQ, Dang YW, Chen G, Luo DZ. In silico analysis identified miRNA‑based therapeutic agents against glioblastoma multiforme. Oncol Rep 2019; 41:2194-2208. [PMID: 30816530 PMCID: PMC6412522 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) contribute to the development of various malignant neoplasms, including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The present study aimed to explore the pathogenesis of GBM and to identify latent therapeutic agents for patients with GBM, based on an in silico analysis. Gene chips that provide miRNA expression profiling in GBM were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were also determined via the RobustRankAggreg algorithm. The target genes of DEMs were predicted and then intersected with GBM‑associated genes that were collected from the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis. Gene Oncology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses of the overlapping genes were then performed. Simultaneously, a connectivity map (CMap) analysis was performed to screen for potential therapeutic agents for GBM. A total of 10 DEMs (hsa‑miR‑196a, hsa‑miR‑10b, hsa‑miR‑196b, hsa‑miR‑18b, hsa‑miR‑542‑3p, hsa‑miR‑129‑3p, hsa‑miR‑1224‑5p, hsa‑miR‑876‑3p and hsa‑miR‑770‑5p) were obtained from three GEO gene chips (GSE25631, GSE42657 and GSE61710). Then, 1,720 target genes of the 10 miRNAs and 4,185 differently expressed genes in GBM were collected. By intersecting the aforementioned gene clusters, the present study identified 390 overlapping genes. GO and KEGG analyses of the 390 genes demonstrated that these genes were involved in certain cancer‑associated biological functions and pathways. Eight genes [(GTPase NRas (NRAS), calcium/calmodulin‑dependent protein kinase type II subunit Gamma (CAMK2G), platelet‑derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA), calmodulin 3 (CALM3), cyclin‑dependent kinase 6 (CDK6), calcium/calmodulin‑dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta (CAMK2B), retinoblastoma‑associated protein (RB1) and protein kinase C beta type (PRKCB)] that were centralized in the glioma pathway were selected for CMap analysis. Three chemicals (W‑13, gefitinib and exemestane) were identified as putative therapeutic agents for GBM. In summary, the present study identified three miRNA‑based chemicals for use as a therapy for GBM. However, more experimental data are needed to verify the therapeutic properties of these latent drugs in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Xiong
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Qing Xu
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Quan He
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Wu Dang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Dian-Zhong Luo
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
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Toraih EA, Abdallah HY, Rashed EA, El-Wazir A, Tantawy MA, Fawzy MS. Comprehensive data analysis for development of custom qRT-PCR miRNA assay for glioblastoma: a prevalidation study. Epigenomics 2019; 11:367-380. [DOI: 10.2217/epi-2018-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Glioblastoma (GB) is one notable example of miRNA-modulated neoplasms. Given its unique expression signature, proper miRNA profiling can help discriminate between GB and other types of brain tumors. The current work aimed to develop a more GB-specific and applicable custom designed quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) miRNA assay. Materials & methods: A comprehensive data analysis of bioinformatics databases, previous literature and commercially available pre-designed miRNA PCR arrays within the market. Results: A highly enriched panel of 84 deregulated and GB-specific miRNAs has been developed. Conclusion: After validation of this newly developed array, it can not only save the researcher's time and effort, but can also have a potential diagnostic and/or prognostic role in GB, paving the road toward personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Toraih
- Department of Histology & Cell Biology, Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Center of Excellence of Molecular & Cellular Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Hoda Y Abdallah
- Department of Histology & Cell Biology, Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Center of Excellence of Molecular & Cellular Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Essam A Rashed
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Informatics and Computer Science, The British University in Egypt, Cairo 11837, Egypt
| | - Aya El-Wazir
- Department of Histology & Cell Biology, Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Center of Excellence of Molecular & Cellular Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Tantawy
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal S Fawzy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
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Synthetic Cannabinoids Influence the Invasion of Glioblastoma Cell Lines in a Cell- and Receptor-Dependent Manner. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11020161. [PMID: 30709059 PMCID: PMC6406558 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11020161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The current treatment of glioblastoma is not sufficient, since they are heterogeneous and often resistant to chemotherapy. Earlier studies demonstrated effects of specific cannabinoid receptor (CB) agonists on the invasiveness of glioblastoma cell lines, but the exact mechanism remained unclear. Three human glioblastoma cell lines were treated with synthetic CB ligands. The effect of cannabinoids on microRNAs (miRs), Akt, and on the expression of proliferation and apoptosis markers were analyzed. Furthermore, in a model of organotypic hippocampal slice cultures cannabinoid mediated changes in the invasiveness were assessed. MicroRNAs and the activation of Akt which are related to cell migration, apoptosis, and proliferation were evaluated and found not to be associated with changes in the invasiveness after treatment with CB ligands. Also proliferation and/or apoptosis were not altered after treatment. The effects of cannabinoids on invasiveness could be blocked by the application of receptor antagonists and are likely mediated via CB₁/CB₂. In conclusion, our results suggest that cannabinoids can influence glioblastoma cell invasion in a receptor and cell type specific manner that is independent of proliferation and apoptosis. Thus, cannabinoids can potentially be used in the future as an addition to current therapy.
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Sakata J, Sasayama T, Tanaka K, Nagashima H, Nakada M, Tanaka H, Hashimoto N, Kagawa N, Kinoshita M, Nakamizo S, Maeyama M, Nishihara M, Hosoda K, Kohmura E. MicroRNA regulating stanniocalcin-1 is a metastasis and dissemination promoting factor in glioblastoma. J Neurooncol 2019; 142:241-251. [PMID: 30701354 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-019-03113-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRs) regulate many biological processes, such as invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Glioblastoma (GBM) patients with metastasis/metastatic dissemination have a very poor prognosis; therefore, inhibiting metastasis/metastatic dissemination has become an important therapeutic strategy for GBM treatment. METHODS Using 76 GBM tissues, we examined the expression levels of 23 GBM-related miRs and compared the miRs' expression levels between GBMs with metastasis/metastatic dissemination and GBMs without metastasis/metastatic dissemination. Using the bioinformatics web site, we searched the target genes of miRs. To analyze the function of target gene, several biological assays and survival analysis by the Kaplan-Meier method were performed. RESULTS We found that eight miRs were significantly decreased in GBM with metastasis/metastatic dissemination. By the bioinformatics analysis, we identified stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) as the most probable target gene against the combination of these miRs. Four miRs (miR-29B, miR-34a, miR-101, and miR-137) have predictive binding sites in STC1 mRNA, and mRNA expression of STC1 was downregulated by mimics of these miRs. Also, mimics of these miRs and knockdown of STC1 by siRNA suppressed invasion in GBM cells. GBM with metastasis/metastatic dissemination had significantly higher levels of STC1 than GBM without metastasis/metastatic dissemination. Finally, Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that GBMs with high STC1 level had significantly shorter survival than GBMs with low STC1 level. CONCLUSIONS STC1 may be a novel metastasis/metastatic dissemination promoting factor regulated by several miRs in GBM. Because STC1 is a secreted glycoprotein and functions via the autocrine/paracrine signals, inhibiting STC1 signal may become a novel therapeutic strategy for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Sakata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takashi Sasayama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiro Tanaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nagashima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | | | - Hirotomo Tanaka
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Naoya Hashimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto Prefectural University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoki Kagawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Manabu Kinoshita
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakamizo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masahiro Maeyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | | | - Kohkichi Hosoda
- Department of Neurosurgery, West Kobe Medical Center, Kobe, Japan
| | - Eiji Kohmura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
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Zhao Y, Huang W, Kim TM, Jung Y, Menon LG, Xing H, Li H, Carroll RS, Park PJ, Yang HW, Johnson MD. MicroRNA-29a activates a multi-component growth and invasion program in glioblastoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:36. [PMID: 30683134 PMCID: PMC6347789 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1026-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma is a malignant brain tumor characterized by rapid growth, diffuse invasion and therapeutic resistance. We recently used microRNA expression profiles to subclassify glioblastoma into five genetically and clinically distinct subclasses, and showed that microRNAs both define and contribute to the phenotypes of these subclasses. Here we show that miR-29a activates a multi-faceted growth and invasion program that promotes glioblastoma aggressiveness. Methods microRNA expression profiles from 197 glioblastomas were analyzed to identify the candidate miRNAs that are correlated to glioblastoma aggressiveness. The candidate miRNA, miR-29a, was further studied in vitro and in vivo. Results Members of the miR-29 subfamily display increased expression in the two glioblastoma subclasses with the worst prognoses (astrocytic and neural). We observed that miR-29a is among the microRNAs that are most positively-correlated with PTEN copy number in glioblastoma, and that miR-29a promotes glioblastoma growth and invasion in part by targeting PTEN. In PTEN-deficient glioblastoma cells, however, miR-29a nevertheless activates AKT by downregulating the metastasis suppressor, EphB3. In addition, miR-29a robustly promotes invasion in PTEN-deficient glioblastoma cells by repressing translation of the Sox4 transcription factor, and this upregulates the invasion-promoting protein, HIC5. Indeed, we identified Sox4 as the most anti-correlated predicted target of miR-29a in glioblastoma. Importantly, inhibition of endogenous miR-29a decreases glioblastoma growth and invasion in vitro and in vivo, and increased miR-29a expression in glioblastoma specimens correlates with decreased patient survival. Conclusions Taken together, these data identify miR-29a as a master regulator of glioblastoma growth and invasion. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1026-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Chemotherapy, Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No.2, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tae-Min Kim
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuchae Jung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lata G Menon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hongyan Xing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hongwei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rona S Carroll
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Albert Sherman Center AS6-1001, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter J Park
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hong Wei Yang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Albert Sherman Center AS6-1001, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Mark D Johnson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Albert Sherman Center AS6-1001, 368 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Program in Neuro-Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Neurological Surgery, UMass Memorial Healthcare, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, S2-855, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA.
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Huang H, Jiang R, Lian Z, Zhang W, Hu Z, Hu D. miR-222/GAS5 is involved in DNA damage and cytotoxic effects induced by temozolomide in T98G cell line. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 39:726-734. [PMID: 30575081 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ), a therapeutic DNA alkylator that can cause lethal DNA damage in cancer cells, is widely used for the standard chemotherapy against glioblastoma. However, long-term treatment with TMZ often causes drug resistance and poor prognosis, the mechanism of which remains largely unclear. This study aimed to investigate the possible role of miR-222/GAS5 axis on DNA damage and cytotoxic effects induced by TMZ in glioblastoma cells (T98G). Data suggest that the DNA comet tail length of T98G is positively correlated with the levels of miR-222 (R2 = 0.9808, P < 0.05), and negatively correlated with the levels of GAS5 (R2 = 0.8903, P < 0.05). The optical density value of T98G is negatively correlated with the levels of miR-222 (R2 = 0.7848, P < 0.05), and positively correlated with the levels of GAS5 (R2 = 0.6886, P < 0.05). Furthermore, comet tail length and optical density value are negatively and positively correlated with the levels of O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase, respectively (R2 = 0.8462, P < 0.05; R2 = 0.7018, P < 0.05). In conclusion, miR-222/GAS5 is involved in DNA damage and cytotoxic effects induced by TMZ, which means that miR-222/GAS5 may have great potential of being used as a biomarker for screening of chemotherapeutic alkylators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Huang
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ran Jiang
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhenwei Lian
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zuqing Hu
- School of Medicine, Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang Province, Jiamusi, 154007, China
| | - Dalin Hu
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510515, China
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Lu GF, Geng F, Xiao Z, Chen YS, Han Y, You CY, Gong NL, Xie ZM, Pan M. MicroRNA-6807-3p promotes the tumorigenesis of glioma by targeting downstream DACH1. Brain Res 2018; 1708:47-57. [PMID: 30527681 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Accumulated evidence reveals that microRNAs play vital roles in various tumors, including gliomas. MiRNAs have been shown to participate in multiple cellular functions, including cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis. Here, we investigate the potential role of a novel miRNA, miR-6807-3p, in glioma. A quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot were applied to detect the expression of miR-6807-3p and its target molecule in glioma specimens and cultured cells. The direct targets of miR-6807-3p were predicted by bioinformatics software and were further verified by a luciferase reporter assay. The effects of miR-6807-3p on glioma cell proliferation, migration, cell apoptosis and the cell cycle of glioma cells were analyzed by the Cell-Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, a cell migration assay and flow cytometry assays. MiR-6807-3p was found to promote tumor growth and migration and inhibits apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in vitro, thus playing a tumor oncogenic role in the progression of glioma. Expression levels of miR-6807-3p were greatly upregulated in glioma specimens, and dachshund homolog 1 (DACH1) was ascertained as a direct target of miR-6807-3p, modulated by the expression of miR-6807-3p in glioma cells. Aberrant expression of DACH1 was associated with the clinical survival of glioma patients. Furthermore, overexpression of DACH1 rescued the promotive effects of miR-6807-3p in glioma. Based on these findings, a novel miR-6807-3p may act as a glioma enhancer by targeting DACH1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Feng Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Fei Geng
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China.
| | - Zhi Xiao
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Yuan-Shou Chen
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Yong Han
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Chun-Yue You
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Nan-Ling Gong
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Ze-Mei Xie
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Min Pan
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
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38
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The promising role of miR-296 in human cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:1915-1922. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Dynamic expression of 11 miRNAs in 83 consecutive primary and corresponding recurrent glioblastoma: correlation to treatment, time to recurrence, overall survival and MGMT methylation status. Radiol Oncol 2018; 52:422-432. [PMID: 30511935 PMCID: PMC6287177 DOI: 10.2478/raon-2018-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and the most malignant glioma subtype. Among numerous genetic alterations, miRNAs contribute to pathogenesis of GBM and it is suggested that also to GBM recurrence and resistance to therapy. Based on publications, we have selected 11 miRNAs and analyzed their expression in GBM. We hypothesized that selected miRNAs are differentially expressed and involved in primary as well as in recurrent GBM, that show significant expressional differences when different treatment options are in question, and that are related to certain patients and tumor characteristics. Patients and methods Paraffin embedded tissues, obtained from primary and corresponding recurrent tumor from 83 patients with primary GBM were used. Eleven miRNAs (miR-7, miR-9, miR-15b, miR-21, miR-26b, miR-124a, miR-199a, let-7a, let-7b, let-7d, and let-7f) were selected for qPCR expression analysis. For patients who received temozolamide (TMZ) as chemotherapeutic drug, O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) methylation status was defined using the methyl-specific PCR. Results There was a significant change in expression of miR-7, miR-9, miR-21, miR-26b, mirR-124a, miR-199a and let-7f in recurrent tumor compared to the primary. In recurrent tumor, miR-15b, let-7d and let-7f significantly changed comparing both treatment options. We also observed difference in progression free survival between patients that received radiotherapy and patients that received radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and longer survival for patients who received chemotherapy after second surgery compared to not treated patients. miR-26b showed correlation to progression free survival and let-7f to overall survival. We did not find any expression difference between the tumors with and without methylated MGMT. Conclusions Our data suggest that analyzed miRNAs may not only contribute to pathogenesis of primary GBM, but also to tumor progression and its recurrence. Moreover, expression of certain miRNAs appears to be therapy-dependent and as such they might serve as additional biomarker for recurrence prediction and potentially predict a therapy-resistance.
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40
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Gao Y, Xu Z, Yuan F, Li M. Correlation of Expression Levels of Micro Ribonucleic Ccid-10b (miR-10b) and Micro Ribonucleic Acid-181b (miR-181b) with Gastric Cancer and Its Diagnostic Significance. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:7988-7995. [PMID: 30403658 PMCID: PMC6234754 DOI: 10.12659/msm.910809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to explore the expression levels of micro ribonucleic acid-10b (miR-10b) and micro ribonucleic acid-181b (miR-181b) in gastric cancer tissues, as well as their application value in clinical diagnosis and treatment. Material/Methods A total of 120 patients with gastric cancer who were diagnosed and treated in the Department of Gastroenterology of our hospital were enrolled in this study. The gastric cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues were collected for measuring the expression of miR-10b and miR-181b by in situ hybridization and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The 5-year survival rate was also analyzed. Results The expressions of miR-10b and miR-181b in gastric cancer tissues were both upregulated and were significantly higher than those in the paracancerous tissues (p<0.05). In addition, the expressions of miR-10b and miR-181b in gastric cancer tissues were correlated with tumor size, degree of pathological differentiation, depth of infiltration, tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging, and lymph node metastasis, as well as local lymph node and distant metastasis (p<0.05). For patients in stage II and III, the expressions of miR-10b and miR-181b were significantly correlated with the 5-year survival rate. Conclusions The high expressions of miR-10b and miR-181b are significantly correlated with poor prognosis in stage II and III patients with gastric cancer, suggesting that their expressions might be criteria for evaluating the prognosis of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- Department of Inspection, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Zhicai Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Fei Yuan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Minglei Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China (mainland)
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41
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MicroRNAs as biomarkers for human glioblastoma: progress and potential. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:1405-1413. [PMID: 29417946 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant glioma. Despite innovative research efforts in tumor therapy, the outcome for most diagnosed patients remains poor; therefore, early diagnosis of GBM is the most effective method for achieving better patient outcomes. In recent years, combined research efforts including cellular, molecular, genetic, and bioinformatics methods have been used to investigate GBM, and the results show that variations in miRNA expression occur in GBM tissues and biological fluids. Some highly stable miRNAs circulate in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of both healthy individuals and diagnosed patients, thus raising the possibility that miRNAs may serve as novel diagnostic markers. In addition, increased understanding of the miRNA and mRNA interactions involved in GBM progression may lead to discovering predictive biomarkers, some of which are clinically relevant for targeted therapy and predicting prognosis. However, as this field is relatively new, some studies have yielded conflicting results. To progress in the field, different advanced techniques must be combined, including bioinformatics methods and molecular and cellular techniques. In addition, we must overcome the various challenges in non-invasive GBM biomarker detection. Here, we discuss the progress and potential of miRNAs as biomarkers for GBM and related signaling pathways. Studying the clinical relevance and applicability of these biomarkers may alter GBM patient diagnosis and treatment.
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42
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Jadideslam G, Ansarin K, Sakhinia E, Alipour S, Pouremamali F, Khabbazi A. The MicroRNA-326: Autoimmune diseases, diagnostic biomarker, and therapeutic target. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:9209-9222. [PMID: 30078204 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are uniquely regulated in healthy, inflamed, activated, cancerous, or other cells and tissues of a pathological state. Many studies confirm that immune dysregulation and autoimmune diseases with inflammation are correlated with various miRNA expression changes in targeted tissues and cells in innate or adaptive immunity. In this review, we will explain the history and classification of epigenetic changes. Next, we will describe the role of miRNAs changes, especially mir-326 in autoimmunity, autoinflammatory, and other pathological conditions. A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library was presented for all related studies from 1899 to 2017 with restrictions in the English language. In recent years, researchers have concentrated on mostly those roles of miRNA that are correlated with the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory process. Latest studies have proposed a fundamental pathogenic role in cancers and autoinflammatory diseases. Studies have described the role of microRNAs in autoimmunity and autoinflammatory diseases, cancers, and so on. The miRNA-326 expression plays a significant role in autoimmune and other types of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golamreza Jadideslam
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Iran.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Khalil Ansarin
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Sakhinia
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Tabriz Genetic Analysis Centre (TGAC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahriar Alipour
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Iran
| | - Farhad Pouremamali
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Khabbazi
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Iran
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Wu DM, Wang S, Wen X, Han XR, Wang YJ, Fan SH, Zhang ZF, Shan Q, Lu J, Zheng YL. MircoRNA-1275 promotes proliferation, invasion and migration of glioma cells via SERPINE1. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:4963-4974. [PMID: 30024092 PMCID: PMC6156288 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to explore the relationship between miR‐1275 and SERPINE1 and its effects on glioma cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis. Differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs in glioma tissues were screened out by bioinformatic analysis. Dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay was used to validate the targeted relationship between miR‐1275 and SERPINE1. qRT‐PCR was used to detect the expression of miR‐1275 and SERPINE1 in glioma tissues. The expressions of SERPINE1 and p53 pathway‐related proteins in glioma cells were detected by western blot. Glioma cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were respectively detected by CCK‐8 assay, flow cytometry, wound healing assay and transwell assay. Tumour xenograft model was developed to study the influence of miR‐1275 and SERPINE1 on glioma growth in vivo. The results of microarray analysis, qRT‐PCR and western blot showed that miR‐1275 was low‐expressed while SERPINE1 was high‐expressed in glioma. Dual‐luciferase assay showed that miR‐1275 could bind to SERPINE1. Overexpression of miR‐1275 could promote the p53 pathway‐related proteins’ expression. Highly expressed miR‐1275 could repress the migration, proliferation and invasion of glioma cells while highly expressed SERPINE1 had inverse effects. Tumour xenograft showed that up‐regulated miR‐1275 or down‐regulated SERPINE1 could repress glioma growth in vivo. Up‐regulation of miR‐1275 activated p53 signalling pathway via regulating SERPINE1 and therefore suppressed glioma cell proliferation, invasion and migration, whereas promoted cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Mei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China.,College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China.,College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China.,College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin-Rui Han
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China.,College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong-Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China.,College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shao-Hua Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China.,College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zi-Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China.,College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qun Shan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China.,College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China.,College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan-Lin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China.,College of Health Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Lefranc F, Le Rhun E, Kiss R, Weller M. Glioblastoma quo vadis: Will migration and invasiveness reemerge as therapeutic targets? Cancer Treat Rev 2018; 68:145-154. [PMID: 30032756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the current review is to highlight, on one hand, the fact that the migratory pattern of glioma cells is the major obstacle to combat them with chemotherapy, and on the other one, the new treatment strategies to overcome this obstacle. METHODS This review surveys several membrane and extracellular molecules involved in glioma cell migration, invasiveness and resistance to apoptosis. RESULTS This review focuses on signaling pathways implicated in the positive regulation of glioblastoma cell migration, including glutamate and ion channel networks, microtubes and membrane-derived extracellular vesicles (EV) containing microRNAs. Glioma cells release glutamate to the extracellular matrix, inducing neuronal cell death, which may facilitate glioma growth and invasion. Glioma cell migration and invasion are further facilitated through ion channels and transporters that modify cellular volume. Microtubes and EV promote connections and communication among glioma cells and with the microenvironment and are associated with progression and resistance to therapy. Potential therapies linked to these pathways for glioblastoma are being developed. CONCLUSION Our view is evolving from an intracellular view of the complex intracellular signaling pathways to one of orchestral machinery, including connections between heterogeneous tumoral and nontumoral cells and with the microenvironment through channels, microtubes, and extracellular miRNA, generating different signals at different times. All of these elements give rise to a new perspective for the treatment of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Lefranc
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Erasme; Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Emilie Le Rhun
- University of Lille, U-1192, F-59000 Lille, France; Inserm, U-1192, F-59000 Lille, France; CHU Lille, General and Stereotaxic Neurosurgery Service, F-59000 Lille, France
| | | | - Michael Weller
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital & University of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 26, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland
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Tusup M, Kundig T, Pascolo S. Epitranscriptomics of cancer. World J Clin Oncol 2018; 9:42-55. [PMID: 29900123 PMCID: PMC5997933 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v9.i3.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The functional impact of modifications of cellular RNAs, including mRNAs, miRNAs and lncRNAs, is a field of intense study. The role of such modifications in cancer has started to be elucidated. Diverse and sometimes opposite effects of RNA modifications have been reported. Some RNA modifications promote, while others decrease the growth and invasiveness of cancer. The present manuscript reviews the current knowledge on the potential impacts of N6-Methyladenosine, Pseudouridine, Inosine, 2’O-methylation or methylcytidine in cancer’s RNA. It also highlights the remaining questions and provides hints on research avenues and potential therapeutic applications, whereby modulating dynamic RNA modifications may be a new method to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Tusup
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Kundig
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Steve Pascolo
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich 8091, Switzerland
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46
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Malhotra M, Sekar TV, Ananta JS, Devulapally R, Afjei R, Babikir HA, Paulmurugan R, Massoud TF. Targeted nanoparticle delivery of therapeutic antisense microRNAs presensitizes glioblastoma cells to lower effective doses of temozolomide in vitro and in a mouse model. Oncotarget 2018; 9:21478-21494. [PMID: 29765554 PMCID: PMC5940368 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy for glioblastoma (GBM) is generally well tolerated at standard doses but it can cause side effects. GBMs overexpress microRNA-21 and microRNA-10b, two known oncomiRs that promote cancer development, progression and resistance to drug treatment. We hypothesized that systemic injection of antisense microRNAs (antagomiR-21 and antagomiR-10b) encapsulated in cRGD-tagged PEG-PLGA nanoparticles would result in high cellular delivery of intact functional antagomiRs, with consequent efficient therapeutic response and increased sensitivity of GBM cells to lower doses of TMZ. We synthesized both targeted and non-targeted nanoparticles, and characterized them for size, surface charge and encapsulation efficiency of antagomiRs. When using targeted nanoparticles in U87MG and Ln229 GBM cells, we showed higher uptake-associated improvement in sensitivity of these cells to lower concentrations of TMZ in medium. Co-inhibition of microRNA-21 and microRNA-10b reduced the number of viable cells and increased cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase upon TMZ treatment. We found a significant increase in expression of key target genes for microRNA-21 and microRNA-10b upon using targeted versus non-targeted nanoparticles. There was also significant reduction in tumor volume when using TMZ after pre-treatment with loaded nanoparticles in human GBM cell xenografts in mice. In vivo targeted nanoparticles plus different doses of TMZ showed a significant therapeutic response even at the lowest dose of TMZ, indicating that preloading cells with antagomiR-21 and antagomiR-10b increases cellular chemosensitivity towards lower TMZ doses. Future clinical applications of this combination therapy may result in improved GBM response by using lower doses of TMZ and reducing nonspecific treatment side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Malhotra
- Laboratory for Experimental and Molecular Neuroimaging (LEMNI), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Thillai Veerapazham Sekar
- Cellular Pathway Imaging Laboratory (CPIL), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jeyarama S Ananta
- Laboratory for Experimental and Molecular Neuroimaging (LEMNI), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rammohan Devulapally
- Cellular Pathway Imaging Laboratory (CPIL), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rayhaneh Afjei
- Laboratory for Experimental and Molecular Neuroimaging (LEMNI), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Husam A Babikir
- Laboratory for Experimental and Molecular Neuroimaging (LEMNI), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ramasamy Paulmurugan
- Cellular Pathway Imaging Laboratory (CPIL), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tarik F Massoud
- Laboratory for Experimental and Molecular Neuroimaging (LEMNI), Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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47
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Wang L, Li Q, Ye Z, Qiao B. ZBTB7/miR-137 Autoregulatory Circuit Promotes the Progression of Renal Carcinoma. Oncol Res 2018; 27:1007-1014. [PMID: 29673422 PMCID: PMC7848413 DOI: 10.3727/096504018x15231148037228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal carcinoma greatly threatens human health, but the involved molecular mechanisms are far from complete understanding. As a master oncogene driving the initiation of many other cancers, ZBTB7 has not been established to be associated with renal cancer. Our data revealed that ZBTB7 is highly expressed in renal carcinoma specimens and cell lines, compared with normal cells. The silencing of ZBTB7 suppressed the proliferation and invasion of renal cancer cells. ZBTB7 overexpression rendered normal cells with higher proliferation rates and invasiveness. An animal study further confirmed the role of ZBTB7 in the growth of renal carcinoma. Moreover, miR-137 was identified to negatively regulate the expression of ZBTB7, and its abundance is inversely correlated with that of ZBTB7 in renal carcinoma specimens and cell lines. ZBTB7 overexpression may be induced by miR-137 downregulation. Interestingly, ZBTB7 can also suppress miR-137 expression by binding to its recognition site within the miR-137 promoter region. Taken together, we identified an autoregulatory loop consisting of ZBTB7 and miR-137 in gastric cancers, and targeting this pathway may be an effective strategy for renal carcinoma cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhuo Ye
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Baoping Qiao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
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48
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Wang N, Zhang Y, Liang H. MicroRNA-598 Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Invasion of Glioblastoma by Directly Targeting Metastasis Associated in Colon Cancer-1 (MACC1). Oncol Res 2018; 26:1275-1283. [PMID: 29444745 PMCID: PMC7844726 DOI: 10.3727/096504018x15185735627746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of microRNA (miRNA) expression is closely related with tumorigenesis and tumor development in glioblastoma (GBM). In this study, we found that miRNA-598 (miR-598) expression was significantly downregulated in GBM tissues and cell lines. Restoring miR-598 expression inhibited cell proliferation and invasion in GBM. Moreover, we validated that metastasis associated in colon cancer-1 (MACC1) is a novel target of miR-598 in GBM. Restoring MACC1 expression reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-598 overexpression on GBM cells. In addition, miR-598 overexpression suppressed Met/AKT pathway activation in GBM. Our results provided compelling evidence that miR-598 serves tumor-suppressive roles in GBM and that its antioncogenic effects are mediated chiefly through the direct suppression of MACC1 expression and regulation of the Met/AKT signaling pathway. Therefore, miR-598 is a potential target in the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Huaxin Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Jilin, P.R. China
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49
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Liu Y, Xu N, Liu B, Huang Y, Zeng H, Yang Z, He Z, Guo H. Long noncoding RNA RP11-838N2.4 enhances the cytotoxic effects of temozolomide by inhibiting the functions of miR-10a in glioblastoma cell lines. Oncotarget 2018; 7:43835-43851. [PMID: 27270310 PMCID: PMC5190063 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to temolozomide (TMZ), the standard chemotherapy agent for treating glioblastomas (GBM), is a major clinical problem for patients with GBM. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in chemotherapy resistance in various cancers. In this study, we found that the level of the lncRNA RP11-838N2.4 was lower in TMZ-resistant GBM cells (U87TR, U251TR) compared to the parental, non-resistant GBM cells (U87, U251). In GBM patients, the decreased level of lncRNA RP11-838N2.4 correlated with higher risk of GBM relapse, as well as shorter postoperative survival times. We further found that lncRNA RP11-838N2.4 could enhances the cytotoxic effects of temozolomide to GBM cells both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, lncRNA RP11-838N2.4 acts as an endogenous sponge, suppressing the function of miR-10a through conserved sequences and increasing the expression of EphA8 that enhanced the rate of cell apoptosis, thereby intensified sensitivity of GBM cells to TMZ. Additionally, lncRNA RP11-838N2.4 inhibited the activity of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) independent of miR-10a. Finally, Characterization of lncRNA RP11-838N2.4 could contribute to strategies for enhancing the efficacy of TMZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Liu
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Ningbo Xu
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Boyang Liu
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Yiru Huang
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Huijun Zeng
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Zhenyan He
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Hongbo Guo
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
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50
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Lopez MS, Dempsey RJ, Vemuganti R. The microRNA miR-21 conditions the brain to protect against ischemic and traumatic injuries. CONDITIONING MEDICINE 2017; 1:35-46. [PMID: 34268484 PMCID: PMC8279043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic and traumatic injuries to CNS remain leading causes of death and disability worldwide, despite decades of research into risk factors, therapies, and preventative measures. Recent studies showed that CNS injuries significantly alter the cerebral microRNAome that impact the secondary brain damage as well as plasticity and recovery. Many microRNA based therapies are currently in various clinical trials for different pathologic conditions indicating their therapeutic potential. In the present review, we discuss the role of miR-21 in acute CNS injuries which is currently thought to be a potent neuroprotective microRNA. We emphasize on the potential of miR-21 in promoting cell and tissue survival and preventing inflammation and apoptosis. We also discussed the role of miR-21 in conditioning the brain to promote ischemic tolerance. Finally, we discussed some of the challenges and difficulties to develop miR-21 as a neuroprotective therapy in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary S Lopez
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Robert J Dempsey
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Veteran's Administration Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
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