1
|
Liu X, Huang X, Luo J, Gao SN, Bai C, Xie D, Gao SS, Guan H, Huang R, Zhou PK. Low-dose radiation promotes high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis by activating cGAS signal pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167443. [PMID: 39067536 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis (AS) is the most prevalent cardiovascular disease, with an exceptionally high burden. High-fat diet (HFD) is a popular diet behavior, whereas low-dose radiation (LDR) is an environmental physical factor. There is evidence to suggest that an HFD may exacerbate the onset of atherosclerosis. Whether the combination effect of HFD and LDR would have potential on atherosclerosis development remains incompletely unclear. METHODS In this study, ApoE-/- mice were used as atherosclerosis model animals to investigate the combination effects of HFD and LDR (10 × 0.01Gy, or 20 × 0.01Gy) on vascular lesions. Doppler ultrasound imaging, H&E staining, oil red O staining, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to assess the pro-atherosclerotic effects. LC-MS was used to detect the non-targeted lipidomic. RESULTS Long-term exposure of low-dose radiation at an accumulated dose of 0.2Gy significantly increased the occurrence of vascular stiffness and the aortic lesion in ApoE-/- mice. The synergistic effect of HFD and LDR was observed in the development of atherosclerosis, which might be linked to both the dysbiosis of lipid metabolism and the stimulation of the inflammatory signaling system. Moreover, LDR but not HFD can activate the cGAS-STING signaling through increasing the yield of cytosolic mitochondrial DNAs as well as the expression of cGAS protein. The activation of cGAS-STING signal triggers the release of IFN-α/-β, which functions as an inflammatory amplifier in the formation of atherosclerotic plaque. CONCLUSION The current study offers fresh insights into the risks and mechanism that underlie the development of atherosclerosis by LDR, and there is a combination effect of LDR and HFD with the involvement of cGAS-STING signal pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochang Liu
- Department of Radiation Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Radiation Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jinhua Luo
- Department of Radiation Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, China
| | - Shuai-Ning Gao
- Department of Radiation Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China; Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chenjun Bai
- Department of Radiation Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Dafei Xie
- Department of Radiation Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shan-Shan Gao
- Department of Radiation Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Hua Guan
- Department of Radiation Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ruixue Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, China.
| | - Ping-Kun Zhou
- Department of Radiation Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cheng HM, Wang JJ, Chuang SY, Lin CH, Mitchell GF, Huang CJ, Wang PN, Chung CP, Chen LK, Pan WH, Peng LN, Chen CH. Dissecting the vascular-cognitive nexus: energetic vs. conventional hemodynamic parameters. Hypertens Res 2024; 47:2262-2274. [PMID: 38982290 PMCID: PMC11374758 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-024-01735-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Blood pressure or flow measurements have been associated with vascular health and cognitive function. We proposed that energetic hemodynamic parameters may provide a more nuanced understanding and stronger correlation with cognitive function, in comparisons with conventional aortic and carotid pressure and flow parameters. The study comprised 1858 participants, in whom we assessed cognitive function via MoCA method, and measured central aortic and carotid pressure and flow waveforms. In addition to various pressure and flow parameters, we calculated energetic hemodynamic parameters through integration of pressure multiplying flow with respect to time. Energetic hemodynamic parameters, particularly aortic and carotid mean and pulsatile energy and pulsatility index (PI), were significantly associated with MoCA score more than any aortic and carotid pressure and flow parameters, after adjusting for age, sex, education, depression score, heart rate, BMI, HDL-cholesterol, and glucose levels. MoCA exhibited a strong positive relationship with carotid mean energy (standardized beta = 0.053, P = 0.0253) and a negative relationship with carotid energy PI (standardized beta = -0.093, P = 0.0002), exceeding the association with all traditional pressure- or flow-based parameters. Aortic pressure reflection coefficient at the aorto-carotid junction was positively correlated with mean carotid energy and negatively correlated with PI. Aortic characteristic impedance positively correlated with carotid energy PI but not mean energy. Our research indicates that energetic hemodynamic parameters, particularly carotid mean energy and carotid energy PI, have a stronger association with MoCA scores than traditional pressure- or flow-based metrics. This correlation with cognitive function is notably influenced by the properties of the aorto-carotid interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Min Cheng
- Division of Faculty Development, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
- Institute of Public Health and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Jiun-Jr Wang
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shao-Yuan Chuang
- Institute of Population Health Science, National Health Research Institute, Miaoli, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chen-Hua Lin
- Institute of Public Health and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | - Chi-Jung Huang
- Division of Faculty Development, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Ning Wang
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Ping Chung
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Liang-Kung Chen
- Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Harn Pan
- Institute of Population Health Science, National Health Research Institute, Miaoli, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, ROC
| | - Li-Ning Peng
- Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
- Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Chen-Huan Chen
- Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
- Institute of Public Health and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ji Y, Wen Y, Zhang S, Xu B, Sun S, Chen Y, Shuai X, Zheng T. Black phosphorus quantum dots prevent atherosclerosis in high-fat diet-fed apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:10784-10798. [PMID: 38990203 PMCID: PMC11272127 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the main pathological basis of cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease. Black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) are a novel nanomaterial with good optical properties and biocompatibility, which was applied in the treatment of AS in mice, with good results shown in our previous study. In this study, BPQDs were injected into high-fat diet-fed apolipoprotein E knockout mice as a preventive drug for 12 weeks. Simvastatin, a classic preventive drug for AS, was used as a control to verify the preventive effect of BPQDs. The results showed that after preventive treatment with BPQDs, the plaque area in mice was significantly reduced, the vascular elasticity was increased, and serum lipid levels were significantly lower than those in the model group. To explore the mechanism, macrophages were induced to become foam cells using oxidized low-density lipoprotein. We found that BPQDs treatment could increase cell autophagy, thereby regulating intracellular lipid metabolism. Taken together, these data revealed that BPQDs may serve as a functional drug in preventing the development of AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Ji
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Drug Addiction and Medication Safety, Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Ultrasonic Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yilin Wen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Drug Addiction and Medication Safety, Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Ultrasonic Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Shengwei Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Drug Addiction and Medication Safety, Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Ultrasonic Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Bingxuan Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Drug Addiction and Medication Safety, Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Ultrasonic Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yun Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Drug Addiction and Medication Safety, Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Ultrasonic Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xintao Shuai
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Drug Addiction and Medication Safety, Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Ultrasonic Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu TW, Wu YJ, Chou CL, Cheng CF, Lu SX, Wang LY. Hemodynamic parameters and diabetes mellitus in community-dwelling middle-aged adults and elders: a community-based study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12032. [PMID: 38797773 PMCID: PMC11128448 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62866-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Hemodynamic parameters have been correlated with stroke, hypertension, and arterial stenosis. While only a few small studies have examined the link between hemodynamics and diabetes mellitus (DM). This case-control study enrolled 417 DM patients and 3475 non-DM controls from a community-based cohort. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), blood flow velocity (MFV), pulsatility index (PI), and the resistance index (RI) of the common carotid arteries were measured by color Doppler ultrasonography. Generalized linear regression analyses showed that as compared to the non-DM controls, the age-sex-adjusted means of PSV, EDV, and MFV were - 3.28 cm/sec, - 1.94 cm/sec, and - 2.38 cm/sec, respectively, lower and the age-sex-adjusted means of RI and PI were 0.013 and 0.0061, respectively, higher for the DM cases (all p-values < 0.0005). As compared to the lowest quartiles, the multivariable-adjusted ORs of DM for the highest quartiles of PSV, EDV, MFV, RI, and PI were 0.59 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.41-0.83), 0.45 (95% CI 0.31-0.66), 0.53 (95% CI 0.37-0.77), 1.61 (95% CI 1.15-2.25), and 1.58 (95% CI 1.12-2.23), respectively. More importantly, the additions of EDV significantly improved the predictabilities of the regression models on DM. As compared to the model contained conventional CVD risk factors alone, the area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) increased by 1.00% (95% CI 0.29-1.73%; p = 0.0059) and 0.80% (95% CI 0.15-1.46%; p = 0.017) for models that added EDV in continuous and quartile scales, respectively. Additionally, the additions of PSV and MFV also significantly improved the predictabilities of the regression models (all 0.01 < p-value < 0.05). This study reveals a significant correlation between DM and altered hemodynamic parameters. Understanding this relationship could help identify individuals at higher risk of DM and facilitate targeted preventive strategies to reduce cardiovascular complications in DM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Wei Wu
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, No. 46, Sec. 3, Jhong-Jheng Rd., San-Jhih District, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Yih-Jer Wu
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, No. 46, Sec. 3, Jhong-Jheng Rd., San-Jhih District, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Liang Chou
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, No. 46, Sec. 3, Jhong-Jheng Rd., San-Jhih District, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Fang Cheng
- Tamsui Health Station, Department of Health, New Taipei City Government, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Xin Lu
- Department of Neurology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yu Wang
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, No. 46, Sec. 3, Jhong-Jheng Rd., San-Jhih District, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rizzi L, Coppola C, Cocco V, Sabbà C, Suppressa P. Cardiovascular risk in rare diseases: a prognostic stratification model in a cohort of sarcoidosis patients. Intern Emerg Med 2023; 18:1437-1444. [PMID: 37219757 PMCID: PMC10412501 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-023-03314-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a rare granulomatous disease that can affect any organ; as other chronic diseases, it leads to increased risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular (CV) disease. The aim of our observational study was to define a prognostic stratification model of sarcoidosis patients based on the evaluation of CV risk through common carotid Doppler ultrasound and cardiovascular risk scores assessment; for this reason, a clinical phenotyping of sarcoidosis patients in four subgroups was done, based on the different organ involvement. A cohort of 53 sarcoidosis patients and a cohort of 48 healthy volunteers were enrolled. Results showed that CV risk was higher in sarcoidosis cohort than in the control group when evaluated through CV risk scores and Doppler parameters: peak-systolic velocity (PSV) and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) were significantly lower in sarcoidosis cohort (p = 0.045 and p = 0.017, respectively), whereas intima media thickness (IMT) showed higher values in sarcoidosis group than in controls (p = 0.016). The analysis of sarcoidosis phenotypes showed no significative differences of CV risk among them when CV risk scores were considered, while partial differences emerged by evaluating subclinical atherosclerosis. Results also highlighted a relationship between CV risk score and carotid Doppler ultrasound parameters: EDV showed an inverse correlation with Framingham score (R = - 0.275, p = 0.004), whereas IMT showed a direct one (R = 0.429; p = 0.001); furthermore, an inverse correlation between PSV and EDV and illness duration (R = - 0.298, p = 0.030 and R = - 0.406, p = 0.002, respectively) was found, so suggesting a higher CV risk in patients with a longer story of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Rizzi
- Department of Internal Medicine, and Rare Diseases Centre "C. Frugoni", University Hospital of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Coppola
- Department of Internal Medicine, and Rare Diseases Centre "C. Frugoni", University Hospital of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Veronica Cocco
- Department of Internal Medicine, and Rare Diseases Centre "C. Frugoni", University Hospital of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Sabbà
- Department of Internal Medicine, and Rare Diseases Centre "C. Frugoni", University Hospital of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Patrizia Suppressa
- Department of Internal Medicine, and Rare Diseases Centre "C. Frugoni", University Hospital of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xiang Y, Mendieta JB, Wang J, Paritala PK, Anbananthan H, Catano JAA, Fontanarosa D, Yarlagadda P, Li Z. Differences in Carotid Artery Geometry and Flow Caused by Body Postural Changes and Physical Exercise. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2023; 49:820-830. [PMID: 36535833 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Different body postures and physical exercises may lead to changes in arterial geometry and hemodynamics, which may be associated with the distribution of atherosclerosis lesions. This study was aimed at investigating potential geometric and hemodynamic changes of the carotid bifurcation in different body postures and after high-intensity interval training (HIIT) workouts. Three-dimensional vascular ultrasound (3DVUS) and Doppler ultrasound images were acquired for 21 healthy participants (aged 29 ± 6 y, 14 men and 7 women) in different body postures (sitting and three sleeping postures [supine, left lateral and right lateral]) and after physical exercises. The common carotid artery (CCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) diameters of the left carotid artery were found to increase significantly from supine to left lateral (both p <0.05). CCA diameters (p < 0.05) and ICA/CCA diameter ratio (p < 0.01) of the left carotid artery changed significantly from supine to sitting. Significant differences in CCA peak systolic velocity (CCA PSV, p < 0.001), CCA end-diastolic velocity (CCA EDV, p < 0.001), CCA pulsatility index (CCA PI, p < 0.001) and maximum velocity-based wall shear stress at the CCA (WSS(max) at the CCA, p < 0.001) were identified in different postures. After physical exercises, significant increases were observed in the CCA diameter (p < 0.001), CCA PSV (p < 0.001), ICA PSV (p < 0.05), WSS(max) at the CCA (p < 0.001) and WSS(max) at the ICA (p < 0.05), as were significantly lower values of the CCA EDV (p < 0.01) and ICA/CCA PSV ratio (p < 0.05). Side-to-side differences were also detected in different postural change scenarios and after physical exercise; more significant differences were found to occur only in the left-sided carotid artery. Significant differences were identified under postural change and after physical exercise among healthy adults, suggesting that daily activity has an effect on the carotid bifurcation. These changes may be associated with formation and development of carotid atherosclerosis. Moreover, these side differences might be severe for patients and worth further attention in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiao Xiang
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jessica Benitez Mendieta
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jiaqiu Wang
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Phani Kumari Paritala
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Haveena Anbananthan
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jorge Alberto Amaya Catano
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Davide Fontanarosa
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Prasad Yarlagadda
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Zhiyong Li
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Maggi P, Ricci ED, Muccini C, Galli L, Celesia BM, Ferrara S, Salameh Y, Basile R, Di Filippo G, Taccari F, Tartaglia A, Castagna A. Subclinical atherosclerosis as detected by carotid ultrasound and associations with cardiac and
HIV
‐specific risk factors; the
Archi‐Prevaleat
project. HIV Med 2022; 24:596-604. [PMID: 36451295 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.13448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the prevalence of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaques in a cohort of people living with HIV (PLWH), the role of cardiovascular risk factors, the impact of the antiretroviral regimens and the difference between naïve and experienced patients in the onset of carotid lesions. METHODS This project was initiated in 2019 and involves eight Italian centres. Carotid changes were detected using a power colour-Doppler ultrasonography with 7.5 MHz probes. The following parameters were evaluated: IMT of both the right and left common and internal carotids, data regarding risk factors for cardiovascular disease, HIV viral load, CD4 cell counts, serum lipids, glycaemia and body mass index. The associations between pathological findings and potential risk factors were evaluated by logistical regression, with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI)s. RESULTS Among 1147 evaluated PLWH, with a mean age of 52 years, 347 (30.2%) had pathological findings (15.8% plaques and 14.5% IMT). Besides the usual risk factors, such as older age, male sex and dyslipidaemia, CD4 cell nadir < 200 cells/mL (adjusted OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.14-1.99) and current use of raltegravir (adjusted OR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.01-2.36) were associated with higher prevalence of pathological findings. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that the current overall percentage of carotid impairments remains high. Colour-Doppler ultrasonography could play a pivotal role in identifying and quantifying atherosclerotic lesions among PLWH, even at a very premature stage, and should be included in the algorithms of comorbidity management of these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Maggi
- Università della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli Naples Italy
| | | | | | - Laura Galli
- Università Vita e Salute San Raffaele Milan Italy
| | | | | | | | - Rosa Basile
- Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Reggio Calabria Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shi L, Bi D, Luo J, Chen W, Yang C, Zheng Y, Hao J, Chang K, Li B, Liu C, Ta D. Associations between electrocardiogram and carotid ultrasound parameters: a healthy chinese group study. Front Physiol 2022; 13:976254. [PMID: 36003640 PMCID: PMC9393264 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.976254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Electrocardiogram (ECG) and carotid ultrasound (CUS) are important tools for the diagnosis and prediction of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to investigate the associations between ECG and CUS parameters and explore the feasibility of assessing carotid health with ECG. Methods: This cross-sectional cohort study enrolled 319 healthy Chinese subjects. Standard 12-lead ECG parameters (including the ST-segment amplitude [STA]), CUS parameters (intima-media thickness [IMT] and blood flow resistance index [RI]), and CVD risk factors (including sex, age, and systolic blood pressure [SBP]) were collected for analysis. Participants were divided into the high-level RI group (average RI ≥ 0.76, n = 171) and the normal RI group (average RI < 0.76, n = 148). Linear and stepwise multivariable regression models were performed to explore the associations between ECG and CUS parameters. Results: Statistically significant differences in sex, age, SBP, STA and other ECG parameters were observed in the normal and the high-level RI group. The STA in lead V3 yielded stronger significant correlations (r = 0.27–0.42, p < 0.001) with RI than STA in other leads, while ECG parameters yielded weak correlations with IMT (|r| ≤ 0.20, p < 0.05). STA in lead V2 or V3, sex, age, and SBP had independent contributions (p < 0.01) to predicting RI in the stepwise multivariable models, although the models for IMT had only CVD risk factors (age, body mass index, and triglyceride) as independent variables. The prediction model for RI in the left proximal common carotid artery (CCA) had higher adjusted R2 (adjusted R2 = 0.31) than the model for RI in the left middle CCA (adjusted R2 = 0.29) and the model for RI in the right proximal CCA (adjusted R2 = 0.20). Conclusion: In a cohort of healthy Chinese individuals, the STA was associated with the RI of CCA, which indicated that ECG could be utilized to assess carotid health. The utilization of ECG might contribute to a rapid screening of carotid health with convenient operations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingwei Shi
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongsheng Bi
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingchun Luo
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuiwei Yang
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ju Hao
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Chang
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Boyi Li
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Boyi Li, ; Chengcheng Liu,
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Boyi Li, ; Chengcheng Liu,
| | - Dean Ta
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ryu KJ, Park H, Park JS, Lee YW, Kim SY, Kim H, Lee YJ, Kim T. Vasomotor symptoms and carotid artery intima-media thickness among Korean midlife women. Maturitas 2022; 159:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
10
|
Wang L, Sun Y, Dai X, Kong X, Ma L, Dai X, Ma L, Jiang L. Carotid intima-media thickness/diameter ratio and peak systolic velocity as risk factors for neurological severe ischemic events in Takayasu's arteritis. J Rheumatol 2022; 49:482-488. [DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.211081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective To characterize Takayasu arteritis (TAK) with supra-aortic involvement and determine the associations between clinical features, carotid ultrasonographic (US) parameters, and neurological severe ischemic events (SIE). Methods Patients with supra-aortic involvement including brachiocephalic trunk, bilateral common carotid artery and internal carotid artery, and bilateral subclavian and vertebral artery and baseline carotid US examination were enrolled from the East China Takayasu arteritis cohort. Bilateral carotid diameter, intima-media thickness (IMT), and peak systolic velocity (PSV) were measured by US. Then, IMT/diameter ratio (IDR) was calculated. Risk factors associated with neurological SIE were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results Totally, 295 patients were included, of whom 260 (88.14%) were female, and 93 (31.53%) experienced neurological SIE. Involved supra-aortic artery distribution (p=0.04) and number (p<0.01) differed between neurologic and non-neurologic SIE subjects, showing higher prevalence of common carotid and vertebral artery involvement after Bonferroni correction and 56.99% patients having more than four involved arteries in neurological SIE group. The bilateral IDR (p<0.01) differed between patients with and without neurological SIE. The carotid IDR (left: cut-off value ≥0.55, odds ratio [OR] 2.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.24-6.07, p=0.01; right: ≥0.58, OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.21-6.02, p=0.01) and left carotid PSV (≤76.00 cm/s, OR 3.09; 95% CI 1.53-6.27; p<0.01) as well as involved supra-aortic artery number (≥4, OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.15-4.72, p =0.02) were independently associated with neurological SIE. Conclusion The carotid IDR and PSV might be performed as valuable markers for recognizing neurological SIE in TAK patients with supra-aortic lesions.
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen WT, Chi NF, Cheng HM, Ko YT, Chuang SY, Pan WH, Chen CH, Chung CP, Wang PN. Associations Between Cerebral Vasoreactivity and Cognitive Function in the Middle-Aged Non-Demented Population. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 86:679-690. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-215317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: Increasing evidence shows early vascular dysregulation in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in elderly population. Objective: We wondered about the relationship between vascular health and cognitive performance in middle-aged adults. The present study aims to evaluate whether and which brain vascular hemodynamic parameters are associated with cognitive functions in a middle-aged, non-demented population. Methods: We recruited 490 middle-aged community-based participants (30–60 years). Transcranial color-coded sonography was used to measure cerebral vascular hemodynamics, including mean flow velocity, pulsatility index, and breath-holding index (BHI) in the middle cerebral arteries (MCAs). Cognitive functions were assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). A multivariate linear regression model was used to determine the association between the MoCA scores and each intracranial hemodynamic parameter. Results: In 369 participants (median age 52 years [IQR 47–56], 48.8% men) with robust acoustic windows, the factors related to poorer MoCA scores were older age, less education extent, and the habitats of cigarette smoking or alcohol consumption. Multivariate analyses did not show a significant association between any intracranial hemodynamic parameters in both MCAs and MoCA scores in the total study population. Left MCA BHI was found to be significantly and independently correlated with the MoCA scores only in people aged 55–60 years (n = 111, B = 0.70, 95% confidence interval, 0.13–1.26, p = 0.017), however, not in people younger than 55 years. Conclusion: Our results emphasize the role of neurovascular abnormalities in the early pathophysiology of cognitive impairment and suggest cerebral vasoreactivity as the earliest detectable cognition-associated hemodynamic parameter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ting Chen
- Division of Neurology, Taipei City Hospital, Zhongxiao Branch, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Fang Chi
- Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Min Cheng
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
- Center for Evidence-based Medicine and Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Ko
- Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Yuan Chuang
- Division of Health Services and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Harn Pan
- Division of Health Services and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Huan Chen
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
- Center for Evidence-based Medicine and Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ping Chung
- Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ning Wang
- Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming University, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hitomi Y, Masaki N, Ishinoda Y, Kagami K, Yasuda R, Toya T, Namba T, Nagatomo Y, Takase B, Adachi T. Effectiveness of pulsatility index of carotid Doppler ultrasonography to predict cardiovascular events. J Med Ultrason (2001) 2022; 49:95-103. [PMID: 34778938 DOI: 10.1007/s10396-021-01164-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The pulsatility index (PI) obtained from carotid ultrasonography is considered to be a marker of cerebrovascular resistance. However, the impact of PI on cardiovascular events has yet to be fully addressed. METHOD Fifty-four patients who underwent both carotid ultrasonography and coronary angiography were followed for 5.9 ± 3.2 years. The relationship between the incidence of cardiovascular events and PI was investigated. RESULT There were 10 (19%) deaths, four (7%) cardiovascular deaths, and nine (17%) major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). The cardiovascular events-defined as all hospitalization for MACEs plus heart failure, revascularization, and cardiovascular surgery-occurred in 21 patients (39%). The patients were divided into two groups according to each threshold of PI value for common carotid arteries (CCA), internal carotid arteries (ICA), and external carotid arteries (ECA), respectively. The thresholds were calculated based on receiver-operating characteristic curves for cardiovascular events. Log-rank test showed that the groups with CCA-PI ≥ 1.71, ICA-PI ≥ 1.20, and ECA-PI ≥ 2.46 had a higher incidence of cardiovascular events, respectively (p < 0.05). ECA-PI ≥ 2.46 was associated with an increased incidence of MACEs. Multivariate Cox regression analysis adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors showed that high PI of CCA, ICA, or ECA was a risk factor for cardiovascular events, respectively (CCA-PI ≥ 1.71, hazard ratio (HR) 3.242, p = 0.042; ICA-PI ≥ 1.20, HR 3.639, p = 0.012; ECA-PI ≥ 2.46, HR 11.322, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION The results suggested that carotid PIs were independent predictive factors for further cardiovascular events. In particular, high ECA-PI levels may reflect severe arteriosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Hitomi
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Masaki
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan.
| | - Yuki Ishinoda
- Department of Endocrinology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kagami
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Risako Yasuda
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Takumi Toya
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Takayuki Namba
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Yuji Nagatomo
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Bonpei Takase
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Takeshi Adachi
- Department of Cardiology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang Y, Chen Z, Mai Z, Zhou W, Wang H, Zhang X, Wei W, Du J, Wu G. Acute Hemodynamic Responses to Enhanced External Counterpulsation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:721140. [PMID: 34869627 PMCID: PMC8632772 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.721140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Enhanced external counterpulsation is a non-invasive treatment that increases coronary flow in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the acute responses of vascular and blood flow characteristics in the conduit arteries during and immediately after enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) need to be verified. Methods: Forty-two patients with CAD and 21 healthy controls were recruited into this study to receive 45 min-EECP. Both common carotid arteries (CCAs), namely, the left carotid (LC) and right carotid (RC), the right brachial (RB), and right femoral (RF) artery were imaged using a Color Doppler ultrasound. The peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), mean inner diameter (ID), resistance index (RI), and mean flow rate (FR) were measured and calculated before, during, and after the 45 min-EECP treatment. Results: During EECP, in the CCAs, the EDV was significantly decreased, while the RI was markedly increased in the two groups (both P < 0.01). However, immediately after EECP, the RI in the RC was significantly lower than that at the baseline in the patients with CAD (P = 0.039). The FR of the LC was markedly increased during EECP only in the CAD patients (P = 0.004). The PSV of the patients with CAD was also significantly reduced during EECP (P = 0.015) and immediately after EECP (P = 0.005) compared with the baseline. Moreover, the ID of the LC, RB, and RF was significantly higher immediately after EECP than that at the baseline (all P < 0.05) in the patients with CAD. In addition, they were also higher than that in the control groups (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, by the subgroup analysis, there were significant differences in the FR, PSV, and RI between females and males during and immediately after EECP (all P < 0.05). Conclusions: Enhanced external counterpulsation creates different responses of vascular and blood flow characteristics in carotid and peripheral arteries, with more significant effects in both the carotid arteries. Additionally, the beneficial effects in ID, blood flow velocity, RI, and FR after 45 min-EECP were shown only in the patients with CAD. More importantly, acute improvement of EECP in the FR of the brachial artery was showed in males, while the FR and RI of the carotid arteries changed in females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Innovative Engineering and Technology Research Center for Assisted Circulation, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ziqi Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhouming Mai
- Department of Cardiology, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Huizhou, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenbin Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianhang Du
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Innovative Engineering and Technology Research Center for Assisted Circulation, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guifu Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Innovative Engineering and Technology Research Center for Assisted Circulation, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ning R, Li Y, Du Z, Li T, Sun Q, Lin L, Xu Q, Duan J, Sun Z. The mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ attenuated PM 2.5-induced vascular fibrosis via regulating mitophagy. Redox Biol 2021; 46:102113. [PMID: 34425389 PMCID: PMC8379696 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Short-term PM2.5 exposure is related to vascular remodeling and stiffness. Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ is reported to improve the occurrence and development of mitochondrial redox-related diseases. At present, there is limited data on whether MitoQ can alleviate the vascular damage caused by PM2.5. Therefore, the current study was aimed to evaluate the protective role of MitoQ on aortic fibrosis induced by PM2.5 exposure. Vascular Doppler ultrasound manifested PM2.5 damaged both vascular function and structure in C57BL/6J mice. Histopathological analysis found that PM2.5 induced aortic fibrosis and disordered elastic fibers, accompanied by collagen I/III deposition and synthetic phenotype remodeling of vascular smooth muscle cells; while these alterations were partially alleviated following MitoQ treatment. We further demonstrated that mitochondrial dysfunction, including mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and activated superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) expression, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), oxygen consumption rate (OCR), ATP and increased intracellular Ca2+, as well as mitochondrial fragmentation caused by increased Drp1 expression and decreased Mfn2 expression, occurred in PM2.5-exposed aorta or human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (HAVSMCs), which were reversed by MitoQ. Moreover, the enhanced expressions of LC3II/I, p62, PINK1 and Parkin regulated mitophagy in PM2.5-exposed aorta and HAVSMCs were weakened by MitoQ. Transfection with PINK1 siRNA in PM2.5-exposed HAVSMCs further improved the effects of MitoQ on HAVSMCs synthetic phenotype remodeling, mitochondrial fragmentation and mitophagy. In summary, our data demonstrated that MitoQ treatment had a protective role in aortic fibrosis after PM2.5 exposure through mitochondrial quality control, which regulated by mitochondrial ROS/PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy. Our study provides a possible targeted therapy for PM2.5-induced arterial stiffness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruihong Ning
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Zhou Du
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Qinglin Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Lisen Lin
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Qing Xu
- Core Facilities Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zócalo Y, Bia D. Sex- and Age-Related Physiological Profiles for Brachial, Vertebral, Carotid, and Femoral Arteries Blood Flow Velocity Parameters During Growth and Aging (4-76 Years): Comparison With Clinical Cut-Off Levels. Front Physiol 2021; 12:729309. [PMID: 34512398 PMCID: PMC8427671 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.729309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound-derived blood flow velocity (BFV) levels [e.g., peak systolic velocity (PSV)], intrabeat indexes (e.g., resistive), and intersegment ratios [e.g., internal/common carotid artery (ICA/CCA) PSV ratio] are assessed to describe cardiovascular physiology and health status (e.g., disease severity evaluation and/or risk stratification). In this respect, fixed cut-off values (disregard of age or sex) have been proposed to define “significant” vascular disease from BFV-derived data (parameters). However, the use of single fixed cut-off values has limitations. Accurate use of BFV-derived parameters requires knowing their physiological age-related profiles and the expected values for a specific subject. To our knowledge, there are no studies that have characterized BFV profiles in large populations taking into account: (i) data from different age-stages (as a continuous) and transitions (childhood–adolescence–adulthood), (ii) complementary parameters, (iii) data from different arteries, and (iv) potential sex- and hemibody-related differences. Furthermore, (v) there is little information regarding normative data [reference intervals (RIs)] for BFV indexes. Aims: The aims of this study are the following: (a) to determine the need for age-, body side-, and sex-specific profiles for BFV levels and derived parameters (intrabeat indexes and intersegment ratios), and (b) to define RIs for BFV levels and parameters, obtained from CCA, ICA, external carotid, vertebral, femoral, and brachial arteries records. Methods: A total of 3,619 subjects (3–90 years) were included; 1,152 were healthy (without cardiovascular disease and atheroma plaques) and non-exposed to cardiovascular risk factors. BFV data were acquired. The agreement between left and right data was analyzed (Concordance correlation, Bland–Altman). Mean and SD equations and age-related profiles were obtained for BFV levels and parameters (regression methods; fractional polynomials). Results: Left and right body-side derived data were not always equivalent. The need for sex-specific RIs was dependent on the parameter and/or age considered. RIs were defined for each studied artery and parameter. Percentile curves were compared with recommended fixed cut-off points. The equations for sex, body-side, and age-specific BFV physiological profiles obtained in the large population (of children, adolescents, and adults) studied were included (spreadsheet formats), enabling to determine for a particular subject, the expected values and potential data deviations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanina Zócalo
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, CUiiDARTE, Republic University, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Daniel Bia
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, CUiiDARTE, Republic University, Montevideo, Uruguay
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rimmele DL, Borof K, Wenzel JP, Jensen M, Behrendt CA, Waldeyer C, Schnabel RB, Zeller T, Debus ES, Blankenberg S, Gerloff C, Thomalla G. Differential association of flow velocities in the carotid artery with plaques, intima media thickness and cardiac function. ATHEROSCLEROSIS PLUS 2021; 43:18-23. [PMID: 36644504 PMCID: PMC9833222 DOI: 10.1016/j.athplu.2021.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims We aimed to determine the association of carotid intima media thickness (CIMT), carotid plaques, and heart function with peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the common (CCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) in a cross-sectional study. Methods In the population-based Hamburg-City-Health-Study participants between 45 and 74 years were recruited. Cardio-vascular risk factors were assessed by history, blood samples, and clinical examination. CIMT, plaques, and PSV were determined by carotid ultrasound. Serum N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was determined as a biomarker for cardiac dysfunction, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was quantified by echocardiography. Participants with carotid stenosis were excluded. Data were analyzed by multivariate linear regression. Results We included 8567 participants, median age was 62 years, 51.8% were women. Median CIMT was 0.75 mm, NT-proBNP 80 pg/ml, LVEF 58.5%, and 30.4% had carotid plaques. For women PSV decreased in decades from 89 to 73 cm/s in CCAs and 78 to 66 cm/s in ICAs, and for men from 91 to 76 cm/s in CCAs and from 70 to 66 cm/s in ICAs. Corrected for age, sex, red blood cell count, and blood pressure, in CCAs lower PSV was associated with carotid plaques (p < 0.001; β = -0.03), lower CIMT (p = 0.005; β = 0.007), higher levels of log-transformed NT-proBNP (p < 0.001; β = -0.01), and lower LVEF (p < 0.001; β = 0.01). In ICAs, lower PSV was independently associated with lower CIMT (p < 0.001; β = 0.02) and lower EF (p = 0.001; β = 0.007). Conclusions Markers of cardiac dysfunction and plaques are associated with lower and CIMT with higher flow velocities in the carotid arteries. Clinical Trial Registration http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03934957.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Leander Rimmele
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Corresponding author. Department of Neurology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf Martinistr. 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Katrin Borof
- Epidemiological Study Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Per Wenzel
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center UKE Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Märit Jensen
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian-A. Behrendt
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University Heart and Vascular Center UKE Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Waldeyer
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center UKE Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Renate B. Schnabel
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center UKE Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Tanja Zeller
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center UKE Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - E. Sebastian Debus
- Department of Vascular Medicine, University Heart and Vascular Center UKE Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center UKE Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Gerloff
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Götz Thomalla
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang Y, Mai Z, Du J, Zhou W, Wei W, Wang H, Yao C, Zhang X, Huang H, Wu G. Acute Effect of Enhanced External Counterpulsation on the Carotid Hemodynamic Parameters in Patients With High Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Front Physiol 2021; 12:615443. [PMID: 34220527 PMCID: PMC8247765 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.615443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) can improve carotid circulation in patients with coronary artery disease. However, the response of carotid hemodynamic parameters induced by EECP in patients with high cardiovascular risk factors remains to be clarified. This study aimed to investigate the acute effect of EECP on the hemodynamic parameters in the carotid arteries before, during, and immediately after EECP in patients with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes. Methods Eighty-three subjects were recruited into this study to receive 45-min EECP, including patients with simple hypertension (n = 21), hyperlipidemia (n = 23), type 2 diabetes (n = 18), and healthy subjects (n = 21). Hemodynamic parameters in both common carotid arteries (CCAs) were measured and calculated from Doppler ultrasound images. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), mean inner diameter (ID), systolic/diastolic flow velocity ratio (VS/VD), flow rate (FR), and resistance index (RI) were monitored before, during, and immediately after 45-min EECP. Results EDV and VS/VD were significantly reduced, while RI of CCAs was significantly increased among four groups during EECP (all P < 0.01). Additionally, the ID of CCAs and the FR of left CCA increased in patients with hyperlipidemia during EECP (P < 0.05). PSV of left CCA was reduced in patients with type 2 diabetes (P < 0.05). Moreover, immediately after EECP, ID was significantly higher in patients with hyperlipidemia. The RI of patients with hypertension and PSV and VS/VD of patients with type 2 diabetes were significantly lower compared with baseline (all P < 0.05). Conclusion EECP created an acute reduction in EDV, PSV, and VS/VD, and an immediate increase in the RI, FR, and ID of CCAs among the four groups. Additionally, a single 45-min session of EECP produced immediate improvement in the ID of patients with hyperlipidemia, the RI of patients with hypertension, and the PSV and VS/VD of patients with type 2 diabetes. The different hemodynamic responses induced by EECP may provide theoretical guidance for making personalized plans in patients with different cardiovascular risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Innovative Engineering and Technology Research Center for Assisted Circulation, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhouming Mai
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianhang Du
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Innovative Engineering and Technology Research Center for Assisted Circulation, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenbin Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chun Yao
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinxia Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Innovative Engineering and Technology Research Center for Assisted Circulation, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Innovative Engineering and Technology Research Center for Assisted Circulation, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guifu Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Innovative Engineering and Technology Research Center for Assisted Circulation, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
König CS, Atherton M, Cavazzuti M, Gomm C, Ramachandran S. The association of peak systolic velocity in the carotid artery with coronary heart disease: A study based on portable ultrasound. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2021; 235:663-675. [PMID: 33706583 PMCID: PMC8182338 DOI: 10.1177/09544119211000482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the highest cause of death globally with more
people dying annually from it than from any other cause. CVD is associated with
modifiable risk factors (dyslipidaemia, hypertension and diabetes) and treating
each of these factors lowers the risk of CVD. It is impossible to estimate the
benefit of risk factor modification in the individual patient and extrapolating
data from multiple trials is difficult. It would be useful to have a marker of
risk that accurately estimates real time risk by measuring blood flow factors
associated with the pathogenesis of atheroma. The aim of this preliminary study
was to validate a low-cost measurement technique for obtaining blood flow
velocity profiles and assess whether any of the measured and calculated factors,
based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, known to be associated
with atheroma was associated with coronary heart disease (CHD), thus
establishing its feasibility and acceptability as a clinical tool and suggesting
areas for future research. Our study identified (i) that mean peak systolic (PS)
velocity being associated with CHD; individuals without CHD: mean (SD) = 62.8
(16.1) cm/s, with CHD: mean (SD) = 53.6 (17.3) cm/s,
p = 0.042; and (ii) that low-cost, portable ultrasound, which
is routinely available in general practice, is a suitable assessment tool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carola S König
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Brunel University London, England, UK
| | - Mark Atherton
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Brunel University London, England, UK
| | - Marco Cavazzuti
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Brunel University London, England, UK.,Department of Engineering 'Enzo Ferrari', University of Modena, Italy
| | - Corinna Gomm
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, West Midlands, England, UK
| | - Sudarshan Ramachandran
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Brunel University London, England, UK.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospitals Birmingham Foundation Trust, West Midlands, England, UK.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospitals of North Midlands/Faculty of Health Sciences, Staffordshire University/Institute of Science and Technology, Keele University, Staffordshire, England, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Onmez A, Gokosmanoglu F, Baycelebi G, Arıkan AA. Carotid Doppler ultrasonographic findings of dapagliflozin use in type 2 diabetic patients. Aging Male 2020; 23:1246-1250. [PMID: 32342718 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2020.1758657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors have been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate cardiovascular disease risk indirectly through Doppler ultrasonography (USG) of carotid artery vascular markers in T2DM patients using dapagliflozin. METHODS One hundred forty-five patients presenting to our clinic between March 2016 and June 2018 and diagnosed with T2DM were included in the study. These were divided into two groups - a dapagliflozin group of 85 patients and a 60-member non-dapagliflozin control group. Common carotid artery end-diastolic velocity (EDV), peak systolic velocity (PSV), and resistive index (RI) parameters were evaluated using Doppler USG in both groups. RESULTS The mean duration of follow-up was 2.2 ± 0.4 years. Mean ages were 45 ± 14 years in the dapagliflozin group and 42 ± 15 in the control group. Mean HbA1c was 7.4 ± 1.6 in the dapagliflozin group and 7.3 ± 2.1 in the control group. Common carotid artery, PSV, and EDV parameters were higher (p = .012/p = .036), while RI was lower (p ˂ .001), in the dapagliflozin group than in the control group. CONCLUSION Vascular resistance was lower in the group using dapagliflozin for diabetes management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Attila Onmez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey
| | | | - Gulsah Baycelebi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Atasam Hospital, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Ali Ahmet Arıkan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Faculty, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Park J, Na Y, Jang Y, Park SY, Park H. Correlation of Pre-Hypertension with Carotid Artery Damage in Middle-Aged and Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207686. [PMID: 33096848 PMCID: PMC7589827 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The intima–media thickness (IMT), luminal diameters (LDs), flow velocities (FVs), compliance, and β-stiffness of the carotid artery (CA) are considered as independent risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Pre-hypertension (PHT) is also an independent CVD risk factor. This study investigated the association between CA damage (CAD) and PHT. A total of 544 adults participated; their blood pressures (BPs) and CA characteristics were measured using a mercury-free sphygmomanometer and ultrasound. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed to assess the differences in the CA characteristics according to the BPs, multinomial logistic regression to evaluate the risk of CAD associated with PHT. In ANCOVA, the CA characteristics of PHT were significantly different from normotensive. The odds ratios (ORs) of IMTmax, LDmax, LDmin, peak-systolic FV (PFV), end-diastolic FV (EFV), PFV/LDmin, EFV/LDmax, compliance, and β-stiffness of PHT were 4.20, 2.70, 3.52, 2.41, 3.06, 3.55, 3.29, 2.02, and 1.84 times higher than those of the normotensive, respectively, in Model 2. In Model 3 adjusted for age, the ORs of LDmax, LDmin, EFV, PFV/LDmin, and EFV/LDmax of PHT were 2.10, 2.55, 1.96, 2.20, and 2.04 times higher than those of the normotensive, respectively. Therefore, the present study revealed that CAD is closely correlated with pre-hypertensive status in adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinkee Park
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Dong-Ju College, Busan 49318, Korea;
| | - Yongseong Na
- Department of Health Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea; (Y.N.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yunjung Jang
- Department of Health Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea; (Y.N.); (Y.J.)
| | - Song-Young Park
- School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA;
| | - Hyuntae Park
- Department of Health Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea; (Y.N.); (Y.J.)
- Institute of Convergence Bio-Health, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-200-7517
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang S, Qi J, Zhang L, Chen Y, Li Y. Effects of Cervical Rotation Angle on Atherosclerotic Internal Carotid Artery Blood Flow: A Safety Study Using an Animal Model of Internal Carotid Atherosclerosis. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2020; 43:521-530. [PMID: 32893020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the cervical rotation angle (CRA) on atherosclerotic internal carotid artery blood flow (ICA-BF) in an animal model. METHODS Thirty healthy New Zealand white rabbits were included in the study. Twenty of the 30 rabbits were chosen randomly to be the model rabbits, and the remaining 10 were chosen to be the normal rabbits. The model rabbits' left ICAs were treated by atherosclerosis modeling. The left ICAs of the model rabbits with atherosclerotic stenosis were chosen as the experimental group, and the right ICAs of the model rabbits without atherosclerotic stenosis were chosen as the control group. The left ICAs of the normal rabbits were chosen as the blank group. Using color duplex ultrasound, ICA-BF was measured in the artery contralateral to the direction of rotation in the positions of neutral (Pre-0°), 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, 90°, and subsequent neutral (Post-0°). RESULTS Statistically significant decreases were seen in ICA-BF after cervical spine rotation (from Pre-0° to 90°) in the control group only (P < .05). All the values of end-diastolic velocity in the experimental group were lower than those in the blank group at the same CRAs. The resistance index and pulsatility index of the experimental group were higher than those of the blank group except at 45° rotation. CONCLUSION In our animal model, in the rabbits with hyperlipidemia but without atherosclerotic stenosis, CRA had the greatest impact on ICA-BF. Furthermore, at some of the same CRAs (especially neutral, 30°, and 60°), there were statistical differences in ICA-BF among the 3 groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqun Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ji Qi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yili Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yikai Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Associations of Blood Pressure and Carotid Flow Velocity with Brain Volume and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in a Community-Based Population. Transl Stroke Res 2020; 12:248-258. [PMID: 32737795 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-020-00836-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a common finding on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We previously demonstrated that high blood pressure (BP) and low carotid flow velocity were associated with cerebrovascular disease. However, their associations with brain volume and CSVD remain to be determined. A total of 721 adults (≥ 50 years) from the community-based I-Lan Longitudinal Aging Study were included. Flow velocities at the common (CCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA), including peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end-diastolic velocity (EDV), were measured with Doppler ultrasound. We further detected the presence of CSVD including lacune, microbleed, and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) on brain MRI, which were used to construct a combined CSVD score. General linear regression and logistic regression analysis were exploited to evaluate the association between carotid flow velocity, BP, brain volume, and CSVD. The mean of white matter, gray matter, and WMH volume were 422.2 cm3, 546.9 cm3, and 2.61 cm3, respectively. The proportion of lacune and microbleed were 11.1% and 14.2%, respectively. The CSVD score were negatively associated with gray (r = - 0.121, p < .01) and white matter volume (r = 0.058, p = 0.12), but positively associated with systolic BP (beta = 1.02, p = 0.0017). EDV at common carotid artery associated positively with white matter volume (beta = 1.013, p = 0.0064) and negatively predicted the presence CSVD (odds ratio [OR] = 0.93, p = 0.0023). In the ordinal logistic regression analysis adjusting for age, sex, total intracranial volume education, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting glucose, compared with hypertensive subjects with low EDV, normotensive subjects with low, middle, and high EDV had an odds ratio of 0.656 (0.327-1.318), 0.429 (0.261-0.705), and 0.272 (0.147-0.502) for CSVD score, respectively. High SBP and low carotid flow velocities were independently associated with brain volume and CSVD. These associations may be involved in the pathophysiology of cognitive function decline.
Collapse
|
23
|
Zanetti HR, Gonçalves A, Teixeira Paranhos Lopes L, Mendes EL, Roever L, Silva-Vergara ML, Neves FF, Resende ES. Effects of Exercise Training and Statin Use in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus with Dyslipidemia. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020; 52:16-24. [PMID: 31834252 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of the combination of exercise training (ET) and statins in people living with human immunodeficiency virus. METHODS This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Eighty-three people living with human immunodeficiency virus were assigned to either placebo (PL), statins (STA), PL + ET (PLET) or STA + ET (STAET) groups. Volunteers assigned to STA and STAET groups were administered 10 mg of rosuvastatin, whereas the PL and PLET groups were administered a placebo. The PLET and STAET groups performed ET three times a week. Before and after the 12-wk follow-up, the volunteers underwent to anthropometric assessment and blood collection to evaluate lipid profile, cardiovascular markers, inflammatory profile; a Doppler ultrasound examination, muscle strength (MS) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CF) tests were performed. RESULTS There was a decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, interleukin (IL)-1β and right carotid intima-media thickness in the STA, PLET, and STAET groups compared with PL group (P < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 levels and in left and right carotid intima-media thickness and an increase in HDL-c levels in the STAET groups compared with the STA (P ≤ 0.001) and PLET groups (P ≤ 0.001). There was an increase in IL-10 levels, peak-systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, wall shear rate in the PLET and STAET groups compared with the PL (P ≤ 0.001) and STA groups (P ≤ 0.001). The PLET and STAET groups reduced body fat mass, body fat percentage and increased lean body mass, MS and CF compared with PL (P ≤ 0.001) and STA (P ≤ 0.001) groups. CONCLUSIONS The combination of ET and statins is useful to enhance lipid and inflammatory profiles, reduce cardiovascular disease markers, and improve Doppler ultrasound findings, MS and CF in people living with HIV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Edmar Lacerda Mendes
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Sport Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba/MG, BRAZIL
| | - Leonardo Roever
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia/MG, BRAZIL
| | - Mário Leon Silva-Vergara
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Clinics, Clinics Hospital, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba/MG, BRAZIL
| | - Fernando Freitas Neves
- Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Clinics, Clinics Hospital, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba/MG, BRAZIL
| | - Elmiro Santos Resende
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia/MG, BRAZIL
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Archi-Prevaleat Project. A National Register of Color-Doppler Ultrasonography of the Epi-Aortic Vessels in Patients Living with HIV. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2020; 12:e2020018. [PMID: 32180913 PMCID: PMC7059748 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2020.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
25
|
Fingerprinting of Doppler audio signals from the common carotid artery. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2414. [PMID: 32051504 PMCID: PMC7015996 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59274-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Audio fingerprinting involves extraction of quantitative frequency descriptors that can be used for indexing, search and retrieval of audio signals in sound recognition software. We propose a similar approach with medical ultrasonographic Doppler audio signals. Power Doppler periodograms were generated from 84 ultrasonographic Doppler signals from the common carotid arteries in 22 dogs. Frequency features were extracted from each periodogram and included in a principal component analysis (PCA). From this 10 audio samples were pairwise classified as being either similar or dissimilar. These pairings were compared to a similar classification based on standard quantitative parameters used in medical ultrasound and to classification performed by a panel of listeners. The ranking of sound files according to degree of similarity differed between the frequency and conventional classification methods. The panel of listeners had an 88% agreement with the classification based on quantitative frequency features. These findings were significantly different from the score expected by chance (p < 0.001). The results indicate that the proposed frequency based classification has a perceptual relevance for human listeners and that the method is feasible. Audio fingerprinting of medical Doppler signals is potentially useful for indexing and search for similar and dissimilar audio samples in a dataset.
Collapse
|
26
|
König CS, Balabani S, Hackett GI, Strange RC, Ramachandran S. Testosterone Therapy: An Assessment of the Clinical Consequences of Changes in Hematocrit and Blood Flow Characteristics. Sex Med Rev 2019; 7:650-660. [PMID: 30926458 DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clinical guidelines indicate that hematocrit should be monitored during testosterone replacement therapy (TTh), with action taken if a level of 0.54 is exceeded. AIM To consider the extent of changes in hematocrit and putative effects on viscosity, blood flow, and mortality rates after TTh. METHODS We focused on literature describing benefits and possible pitfalls of TTh, including increased hematocrit. We used data from the BLAST RCT to determine change in hematocrit after 30 weeks of TTh and describe a clinical case showing the need for monitoring. We consider the validity of the current hematocrit cutoff value at which TTh may be modified. Ways in which hematocrit alters blood flow in the micro- and macro-vasculature are also considered. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The following measures were assessed: (i) change in hematocrit, (ii) corresponding actions taken in clinical practice, and (iii) possible blood flow changes following change in hematocrit. RESULTS Analysis of data from the BLAST RCT showed a significant increase in mean hematocrit of 0.01, the increase greater in men with lower baseline values. Although 0 of 61 men given TTh breached the suggested cutoff of 0.54 after 30 weeks, a clinical case demonstrates the need to monitor hematocrit. An association between hematocrit and morbidity and mortality appears likely but not proven and may be evident only in patient subgroups. The consequences of an increased hematocrit may be mediated by alterations in blood viscosity, oxygen delivery, and flow. Their relative impact may vary in different vascular beds. CONCLUSIONS TTh can effect an increased hematocrit via poorly understood mechanisms and may have harmful effects on blood flow that differ in patient subgroups. At present, there appears no scientific basis for using a hematocrit of 0.54 to modify TTh; other values may be more appropriate in particular patient groups. König CS, Balabani S, Hackett GI, et al. Testosterone Therapy: An Assessment of the Clinical Consequences of Changes in Hematocrit and Blood Flow Characteristics. Sex Med Rev 2019;7:650-660.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carola S König
- College of Engineering, Design & Physical Sciences, Brunel University, London, England, United Kingdom
| | - Stavroula Balabani
- Faculty of Engineering Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Geoffrey I Hackett
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, West Midlands, England, United Kingdom
| | - Richard C Strange
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire, England, United Kingdom
| | - Sudarshan Ramachandran
- College of Engineering, Design & Physical Sciences, Brunel University, London, England, United Kingdom; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, West Midlands, England, United Kingdom; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Hospitals of North Midlands / Faculty of Health Sciences, Staffordshire University, Staffordshire, England, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chuang SY, Cheng HM, Mitchell GF, Sung SH, Chen CH, Pan WH, Hwang AC, Chen LK, Wang PN. Carotid Flow Velocities and Blood Pressures Are Independently Associated With Cognitive Function. Am J Hypertens 2019; 32:289-297. [PMID: 30388195 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpy165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies simultaneously addressed associations between carotid flow velocities, blood pressure (BP), and cognitive function. MATERIALS AND METHODS Subject without dementia (N = 1,684) underwent measurements of BP and biochemical markers. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and comprehensive neuropsychological tests were used to evaluate cognitive function. Peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) were measured in common and internal carotid artery. Subjects with MMSE score of ≤24 (25th percentile) was defined as low MMSE. Multivariable linear and logistic regression were used to evaluate the relationship of cognitive function with carotid flow velocities and BP. RESULTS Carotid flow velocities (PSV: standardized β = 0.067, P = 0.0009; and EDV: standardized β = 0.067, P = 0.0021) and systolic blood pressure (standardized β = -0.061, P = 0.005) were positively and negatively associated with MMSE, respectively, in the model with adjustments for age, sex, educational attainment, nutritional status, and smoking. Similar trends were noted for the associations between flow velocities and different neuropsychological tests. By multivariable logistic regression, the group with the lowest quartile (<25th percentile) of flow velocities had increased probability of low MMSE (odds ratio: 1.538; 95% confidence intervals: 1.142 to 2.071, P = 0.0046 for PSV; and odds ratio: 1.699; 95% confidence intervals: 1.233 to 2.341; P = 0.0012 for EDV), compared to those with the highest quartile (≥75th) flow velocities. CONCLUSION Both low carotid flow velocity and high BP were independently and comparably associated with cognitive dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Yuan Chuang
- Institute of Population Health Science, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hao-Min Cheng
- Center for Evidence-based Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Institute of Public Health and Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Gary F Mitchell
- Cardiovascular Engineering, Inc., Norwood, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shih-Hsien Sung
- Institute of Public Health and Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chen-Huan Chen
- Center for Evidence-based Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Institute of Public Health and Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wen-Harn Pan
- Institute of Population Health Science, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Institute of BioMedical Science, Academia Sincia, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - An-Chun Hwang
- Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Liang-Kung Chen
- Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pei-Ning Wang
- Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lim ST, Park JK, Park SH, Lee EJ, Kim WN, Min SK. The effects of the elastin polymorphisms on carotid intima-media thickness in women aged 30 - 70. J Exerc Nutrition Biochem 2018; 22:18-22. [PMID: 30149422 PMCID: PMC6058069 DOI: 10.20463/jenb.2018.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Elastin is one of the major determinants of arterial distensibility of large blood vessels that forms the principal component of elastic fibers from the media of arteries. However, the association between elastin(ELN) genotype and vascular function is still unclear. [Methods] 120women were recruited from the Saha-gu (Busan, Korea) Community Center. Measurements of body composition and vascular function included carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), carotid artery luminal diameter (CLD), minimum (diastolic) artery luminal diameter (CLDmin) and maximum (systolic) artery luminal diameter (CLDmax). Genotyping for the ELN (rs 2071307) polymorphism was performed using the TaqMan approach. ELN gene distribution of subjects were in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p=0.402). [Results] The relative CIMT differed significantly among the ELN genotypes. And not significant differences in CLD and CIMT/CLD ratio, but AA genotype was tended higher than other genotypes (AG and GG). The relative CIMT and CLD min differed significantly between the ELN alleles. And not significant differences in CLD max and CIMT/CLD ratio, but A allele was tended higher than G allele. [Conclusion] These results suggest that ELN gene polymorphism might be used a one of the genetic determinants of vascular disease in both pre- and postmenopausal women.
Collapse
|
29
|
Affiliation(s)
- Tasneem Z Naqvi
- Department of Cardiology, Echocardiography Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Park J, Kwon Y, Park H. Effects of 24-Week Aerobic and Resistance Training on Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness and Flow Velocity in Elderly Women with Sarcopenic Obesity. J Atheroscler Thromb 2017; 24:1117-1124. [PMID: 28674320 PMCID: PMC5684477 DOI: 10.5551/jat.39065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is closely associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in elderly women. Increases in body fat and decreases in muscle mass are closely associated with increased carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). The aim of this study was to examine the influence of a 24-week aerobic and resistance training program on carotid parameters in SO. Methods: Fifty elderly women (74.1 ± 6.1 years) with SO were randomly divided into an exercise group and a control group. The exercise group performed combined exercise over 24 weeks, consisting of resistance and aerobic training for 50–80 min, 5 times a week. Carotid variables were measured using B-mode ultrasound. The differences in the carotid variables and the relative changes between baseline and after 24 weeks were evaluated. Results: In the analysis of variance (ANOVA) results, CIMT (p = 0.013), systolic flow velocity (p = 0.007), diastolic flow velocity (p = 0.006), and wall shear rate (p = 0.010) showed significant interactions. In paired t-test results of the exercise group, CIMT significantly decreased (p < 0.01) and systolic flow velocity (p < 0.01), diastolic flow velocity (p < 0.001), and wall shear rate (p < 0.05) significantly increased after 24 weeks. Conclusion: The 24-week combined exercise effectively decreased CIMT and increased carotid flow velocity and wall shear ratio. Therefore, combined exercise is thought to contribute to the improvement of the risk of CVD in elderly women with SO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinkee Park
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Dong Ju College, Busan
| | - Yoochan Kwon
- Institute of Taekwondo for Health and Culture, Dong-A University.,Department of Taekwondo, Dong-A University
| | - Hyuntea Park
- Department of Health Care & Science, Dong-A University.,Institute of Convergence Bio-Health, Dong-A University
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Park J, Park H. Effects of 6 months of aerobic and resistance exercise training on carotid artery intima media thickness in overweight and obese older women. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17:2304-2310. [PMID: 28060442 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM We studied the effects of exercise on carotid intima-media thickness, luminal diameter, and flow velocity in overweight and obese older women, and the associations between carotid parameters changes and other variables. METHODS A total of 41 overweight and obese older women (aged 65-77 years, fat mass percent ≥ 32%), who were divided into a control group (n = 20) and a supervised combined exercise group (n = 21). The 24-week combined exercise program (aerobic and resistance exercise) consisted of sessions 40-80 min in length 5 days per week under the supervision of an exercise specialist. Body composition, blood pressure, physical function and carotid variables were assessed. The differences in all variables, and the relative changes between baseline and 24 weeks' follow up were evaluated. RESULTS Carotid intima-media thickness, systolic carotid luminal diameter, peak systolic flow velocity and end diastolic flow velocity showed a significant group × time interaction. No interaction was observed for diastolic luminal diameter. In the exercise group, the change of carotid intima-media thickness was significantly associated with systolic blood pressure, maximal walking speed, 1-mile walking time and maximal oxygen uptake. Also, the change of peak systolic flow velocity was significantly associated with skeletal muscle mass, diastolic blood pressure and maximum walking speed. CONCLUSIONS Combined exercise can effectively improve carotid intima-media thickness in overweight and obese older women. In addition, exercise training increases the systolic carotid luminal diameter and flow velocity in older women. Therefore, regular combined exercise might help prevent atherosclerotic disease by improving the carotid artery. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 2304-2310.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinkee Park
- Institute of Taekwondo for Health and Culture, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyuntea Park
- Department of Health Care Science, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea.,Institute of Convergence Bio-Health, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kim GH, Youn HJ. Is Carotid Artery Ultrasound Still Useful Method for Evaluation of Atherosclerosis? Korean Circ J 2016; 47:1-8. [PMID: 28154582 PMCID: PMC5287171 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2016.0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Carotid ultrasound is an imaging modality that allows non-invasive assessment of vascular anatomy and function. Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) has been shown to predict cardiovascular (CV) risk in multiple large studies. However, in 2013, American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines designated that the carotid IMT as class III evidence level was not recommended for use in clinical practice as a routine measurement of risk assessment for a first atherosclerotic CV event. Following the announcement of this guideline, combined common carotid IMT and plaque, including plaque tissue characterization and plaque burden, using 3D ultrasound was reported to be better than either measurement alone in a variety of studies. Moreover, changes in the intima thickness were related to aging and early atherosclerosis, and remodeling of the media thickness was associated with hypertension. Separate measurement is useful for evaluating the effects of different atherosclerotic risk factors on the arterial wall; however, a more detailed and elaborate technique needs to be developed. If so, separate measurement will play an important role in the assessment of atherosclerosis and arterial wall change according to a variety of risk factors, such as metabolic syndrome. In addition, although carotid blood flow velocity is a useful tool for risk classification and prediction in clinical practice, further clinical research is needed. The value of carotid IMT by ultrasound examination for risk stratification remains controversial, and groups developing future guidelines should consider the roles of plaque presence and burden and hemodynamic parameters in additional risk stratification beyond carotid IMT in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gee-Hee Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ho-Joong Youn
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Park J. Effects of 24-week resistance exercise training on carotid peak systolic and end diastolic flow velocity in healthy older adults. J Phys Ther Sci 2016; 28:2793-2797. [PMID: 27821937 PMCID: PMC5088128 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.28.2793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine the effect of resistance exercise on
carotid intima-media thickness, luminal diameter, peak systolic flow velocity, end
diastolic flow velocity, and wall shear rate in healthy elderly men. [Subjects and
Methods] Thirty healthy elderly men (age ≥65 years) were randomly divided into a control
(n=15) and resistance exercise (n=15) groups. The 24-week exercise intervention consisted
of 3 days of resistance exercise per week using an elastic band per week. Body
composition, physical function, blood pressure, and carotid variables were measured at
baseline and after 24 weeks. [Results] Body fat percent, skeletal muscle mass, systolic
blood pressure, grip strength, arm curl, chair stand up, sit and reach, maximum walking
speed, time up and go, and two-minute step test showed significant interaction. Peak
systolic flow velocity, end diastolic flow velocity, and wall shear rate also showed
significant interaction. [Conclusion] A 24-week resistance exercise program, using elastic
bands, effectively improves carotid flow velocity and wall shear rate in healthy elderly
men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinkee Park
- Institute of Taekwondo for Health and Culture, Dong-A University, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chuang SY, Cheng HM, Bai CH, Yeh WT, Chen JR, Pan WH. Blood Pressure, Carotid Flow Pulsatility, and the Risk of Stroke: A Community-Based Study. Stroke 2016; 47:2262-8. [PMID: 27491737 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.116.013207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE High blood pressure is a major cause of cardiovascular events, and carotid flow pulsatility may be associated with cardiovascular events. However, the combined effect of blood pressure and flow pulsatility on the development of stroke remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the combined influence of central blood pressure and pulsatility index (PI) on the incidence of stroke. METHODS Baseline data from 2033 adults (≥30 years) without stroke history in the Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor Two-Township Study were linked to incident stroke. Common carotid flow PI was calculated by peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, and mean vessel velocity, which were measured in the common carotid artery. Hazard ratios for the risk of total stroke resulting from high central systolic blood pressure (CSBP) and high PI were calculated with Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 9.81 years, 132 people incurred stroke events. The incidence rates of stroke were 1.3, 6.4, and 13.2 per 1000 person-years for tertile groups of CSBP (P for trend<0.05) and 4.3, 7.0, and 9.4 per 1000 person-years for tertile groups of PI (P for trend<0.05). Compared with the first tertile of CSBP, hazard ratios were 4.88 (95% confidence interval, 2.29-10.43) for the second tertile and 10.42 (5.05-21.53) for the third tertile. Hazard ratios of PI were 2.18 (1.39-3.42; third tertile) and 1.64 (1.02-2.63; second tertile) compared with the first tertile. The individuals with a high CSBP and high PI had a 13-fold higher stroke risk compared with those with low CSBP and low PI (13.2; 1.75-99.71) after adjusting for age, sex, and traditional cardiovascular risk. CONCLUSIONS CSBP and common carotid PI jointly and independently predicted future stroke. Carotid flow pulsatility may play an important role in the development of stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Yuan Chuang
- From Division of Preventive Medicine and Health Services Research, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, R.O.C. (S.-Y.C., W.-H.P.); Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, and Department of Medicine and Institute of Public Health and Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C. (H.-M.C.); Central Laboratory, Shin Kong WHS Memorial Hospital, and the School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan, R.O.C. (C.-H.B.); Division of Epidemiology and Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. (W.-T.Y., W.-H.P.); and Department of Neurology, Yuanlin Christian Hospital, Siluo, Yuanlin, Taiwan, R.O.C. (J.-R.C.)
| | - Hao-Min Cheng
- From Division of Preventive Medicine and Health Services Research, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, R.O.C. (S.-Y.C., W.-H.P.); Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, and Department of Medicine and Institute of Public Health and Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C. (H.-M.C.); Central Laboratory, Shin Kong WHS Memorial Hospital, and the School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan, R.O.C. (C.-H.B.); Division of Epidemiology and Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. (W.-T.Y., W.-H.P.); and Department of Neurology, Yuanlin Christian Hospital, Siluo, Yuanlin, Taiwan, R.O.C. (J.-R.C.)
| | - Chyi-Huey Bai
- From Division of Preventive Medicine and Health Services Research, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, R.O.C. (S.-Y.C., W.-H.P.); Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, and Department of Medicine and Institute of Public Health and Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C. (H.-M.C.); Central Laboratory, Shin Kong WHS Memorial Hospital, and the School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan, R.O.C. (C.-H.B.); Division of Epidemiology and Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. (W.-T.Y., W.-H.P.); and Department of Neurology, Yuanlin Christian Hospital, Siluo, Yuanlin, Taiwan, R.O.C. (J.-R.C.)
| | - Wen-Ting Yeh
- From Division of Preventive Medicine and Health Services Research, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, R.O.C. (S.-Y.C., W.-H.P.); Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, and Department of Medicine and Institute of Public Health and Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C. (H.-M.C.); Central Laboratory, Shin Kong WHS Memorial Hospital, and the School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan, R.O.C. (C.-H.B.); Division of Epidemiology and Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. (W.-T.Y., W.-H.P.); and Department of Neurology, Yuanlin Christian Hospital, Siluo, Yuanlin, Taiwan, R.O.C. (J.-R.C.)
| | - Jiunn-Rong Chen
- From Division of Preventive Medicine and Health Services Research, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, R.O.C. (S.-Y.C., W.-H.P.); Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, and Department of Medicine and Institute of Public Health and Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C. (H.-M.C.); Central Laboratory, Shin Kong WHS Memorial Hospital, and the School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan, R.O.C. (C.-H.B.); Division of Epidemiology and Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. (W.-T.Y., W.-H.P.); and Department of Neurology, Yuanlin Christian Hospital, Siluo, Yuanlin, Taiwan, R.O.C. (J.-R.C.)
| | - Wen-Harn Pan
- From Division of Preventive Medicine and Health Services Research, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, R.O.C. (S.-Y.C., W.-H.P.); Department of Medical Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, and Department of Medicine and Institute of Public Health and Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan R.O.C. (H.-M.C.); Central Laboratory, Shin Kong WHS Memorial Hospital, and the School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan, R.O.C. (C.-H.B.); Division of Epidemiology and Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. (W.-T.Y., W.-H.P.); and Department of Neurology, Yuanlin Christian Hospital, Siluo, Yuanlin, Taiwan, R.O.C. (J.-R.C.).
| |
Collapse
|