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James KM, Balderrama-Durbin C, Israel E, Feurer C, Gibb BE. Self- and co-regulation of physiological activity during mother-daughter interactions: The role of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:91-99. [PMID: 37469027 PMCID: PMC10796835 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a significant public health concern that is thought to increase risk for future self-injurious behaviors, including suicide attempts. Notably, NSSI is especially prevalent among adolescents, which underscores a critical need to identify modifiable risk factors that could be targeted to reduce future risk. The current study examined self- and co-regulation of physiological responses during mother-daughter interactions in adolescent girls with and without a history of NSSI. METHODS Participants were 60 girls aged 13-17 with (n = 27) and without (n = 33) a history of NSSI and their mothers. Adolescents and their mothers completed positive and negative interaction tasks during which physiological reactivity was assessed via respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA). RESULTS Using Actor-Partner Interdependence Modeling (APIM), we found that adolescents with an NSSI history demonstrated a higher RSA setpoint than adolescents without this history during the negative, but not positive, interaction task. In addition, there were differences in co-regulation during the negatively valenced interaction, such that mothers of daughters with NSSI were more reactive to fluctuations in their daughters' RSA than mothers of daughters without an NSSI history. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight intra- and interpersonal aspects of physiological dysregulation associated with NSSI that could provide promising targets of intervention to reduce future risk in adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elana Israel
- Binghamton University (SUNY), Department of Psychology
| | - Cope Feurer
- University of Illinois Chicago, Department of Psychiatry
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2
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Vogel AC, Geselowitz B, Tillman R, Barch DM, Luby JL, Whalen DJ. Developmental trajectories of anger and sadness dysregulation in childhood differentially predict later borderline symptoms. Dev Psychopathol 2023:1-16. [PMID: 37340976 PMCID: PMC10733555 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423000627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Difficulties with emotion regulation are integral to borderline personality disorder (BPD) and its hypothesized developmental pathway. Here, we prospectively assess trajectories of emotion processing across childhood, how BPD symptoms impact these trajectories, and whether developmental changes are transdiagnostic or specific to BPD, as major depressive (MDD) and conduct disorders (CD) are also characterized by emotion regulation difficulties. This study included 187 children enriched for those with early symptoms of depression and disruptive behaviors from a longitudinal study. We created multilevel models of multiple components of emotional processing from mean ages 9.05 to 18.55 years, and assessed the effect of late adolescent BPD, MDD, and CD symptoms on these trajectories. Linear trajectories of coping with sadness and anger, and quadratic trajectories of dysregulated expressions of sadness and anger were transdiagnostic, but also exhibited independent relationships with BPD symptoms. Only inhibition of sadness was related to BPD symptoms. The quadratic trajectories of poor emotional awareness and emotional reluctance were also independently related to BPD. Findings support examining separable components of emotion processing across development as potential precursors to BPD, underscoring the importance of understanding these trajectories as not only a marker of potential risk but also potential targets for prevention and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alecia C. Vogel
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ben Geselowitz
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rebecca Tillman
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Deanna M. Barch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis. St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joan L. Luby
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Diana J. Whalen
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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3
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Hudson D, Wiltshire TJ, Atzmueller M. multiSyncPy: A Python package for assessing multivariate coordination dynamics. Behav Res Methods 2023; 55:932-962. [PMID: 35513768 PMCID: PMC10027834 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-022-01855-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In order to support the burgeoning field of research into intra- and interpersonal synchrony, we present an open-source software package: multiSyncPy. Multivariate synchrony goes beyond the bivariate case and can be useful for quantifying how groups, teams, and families coordinate their behaviors, or estimating the degree to which multiple modalities from an individual become synchronized. Our package includes state-of-the-art multivariate methods including symbolic entropy, multidimensional recurrence quantification analysis, coherence (with an additional sum-normalized modification), the cluster-phase 'Rho' metric, and a statistical test based on the Kuramoto order parameter. We also include functions for two surrogation techniques to compare the observed coordination dynamics with chance levels and a windowing function to examine time-varying coordination for most of the measures. Taken together, our collation and presentation of these methods make the study of interpersonal synchronization and coordination dynamics applicable to larger, more complex and often more ecologically valid study designs. In this work, we summarize the relevant theoretical background and present illustrative practical examples, lessons learned, as well as guidance for the usage of our package - using synthetic as well as empirical data. Furthermore, we provide a discussion of our work and software and outline interesting further directions and perspectives. multiSyncPy is freely available under the LGPL license at: https://github.com/cslab-hub/multiSyncPy , and also available at the Python package index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Hudson
- Semantic Information Systems Group, Institute of Computer Science, Osnabrück University, P.O. Box 4469, 49069, Osnabrueck, Germany.
- Department of Cognitive Science and Artificial Intelligence, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
| | - Travis J Wiltshire
- Department of Cognitive Science and Artificial Intelligence, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Atzmueller
- Semantic Information Systems Group, Institute of Computer Science, Osnabrück University, P.O. Box 4469, 49069, Osnabrueck, Germany
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4
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Bülow A, van Roekel E, Boele S, Denissen JJA, Keijsers L. Parent-adolescent interaction quality and adolescent affect-An experience sampling study on effect heterogeneity. Child Dev 2022; 93:e315-e331. [PMID: 35099070 PMCID: PMC9303236 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Person–environment interactions might ultimately drive longer term development. This experience sampling study (Data collection: 2019/20 the Netherlands) assessed short‐term linkages between parent–adolescent interaction quality and affect during 2281 interactions of 124 adolescents (Mage = 15.80, SDage = 1.69, 59% girls, 92% Dutch, Education: 25% low, 31% middle, 35% high, 9% other). Adolescents reported on parent–adolescent interaction quality (i.e., warmth and conflict) and momentary positive and negative affect five to six times a day, for 14 days. Preregistered dynamic structural equation models (DSEM) revealed within‐family associations between parent–adolescent interaction quality and adolescent affect (concurrently: r = −.22 to .39; lagged effects: ß = −.17 to .15). These effects varied significantly between families. These findings stress the need for more person‐specific research on parenting processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bülow
- Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Developmental Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Eeske van Roekel
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Savannah Boele
- Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Developmental Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap J A Denissen
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Loes Keijsers
- Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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5
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Likens AD, Wiltshire TJ. Windowed multiscale synchrony: modeling time-varying and scale-localized interpersonal coordination dynamics. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2021; 16:232-245. [PMID: 32991716 PMCID: PMC7812625 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsaa130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Social interactions are pervasive in human life with varying forms of interpersonal coordination emerging and spanning different modalities (e.g. behaviors, speech/language, and neurophysiology). However, during social interactions, as in any dynamical system, patterns of coordination form and dissipate at different scales. Historically, researchers have used aggregate measures to capture coordination over time. While those measures (e.g. mean relative phase, cross-correlation, coherence) have provided a wealth of information about coordination in social settings, some evidence suggests that multiscale coordination may change over the time course of a typical empirical observation. To address this gap, we demonstrate an underutilized method, windowed multiscale synchrony, that moves beyond quantifying aggregate measures of coordination by focusing on how the relative strength of coordination changes over time and the scales that comprise social interaction. This method involves using a wavelet transform to decompose time series into component frequencies (i.e. scales), preserving temporal information and then quantifying phase synchronization at each of these scales. We apply this method to both simulated and empirical interpersonal physiological and neuromechanical data. We anticipate that demonstrating this method will stimulate new insights on the mechanisms and functions of synchrony in interpersonal contexts using neurophysiological and behavioral measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D Likens
- Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 6001 Dodge Street Omaha, NE 68182
| | - Travis J Wiltshire
- Department of Cognitive Science & Artificial Intelligence, Tilburg University, (Room D104) Warandelaan 2, 5037 AB, Tilburg, The Netherlands
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6
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Lougheed JP, Keskin G. Parent‐Adolescent Emotion Dynamics at Multiple Time Scales. CHILD DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/cdep.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Beauchaine TP, Hinshaw SP. RDoC and Psychopathology among Youth: Misplaced Assumptions and an Agenda for Future Research. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE SOCIETY OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, DIVISION 53 2020; 49:322-340. [PMID: 32525746 PMCID: PMC7495028 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2020.1750022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Now over 10 years old, the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) has gained impressive traction in the adult psychopathology literature, but enthusiasm among child and adolescent psychopathologists lags somewhat behind. We consider possible reasons why RDoC has not been embraced fully in the child and adolescent literatures. We emphasize common, interrelated, and sometimes outdated assumptions that impede scientific progress that RDoC could facilitate. Traditionally, child and adolescent psychopathologists have used behavioral syndromes as gold standards against which biological markers are validated, even though behavioral syndromes are often measured with less precision; sought to identify large main effects of single biological functions on single behavioral syndromes, thereby ignoring (even if implicitly) the overwhelming etiological complexity of psychopathology; expected 1:1 correspondencies between biological functions and behaviors, despite evidence that core biological systems subserving behavior are functionally interdependent (i.e., modulate one another); and failed to consider neurobiological mechanisms of homotypic and heterotypic comorbidity and continuity. Using examples from our work, we show how a developmental, RDoC-informed approach to externalizing behavior enriches our understanding of psychopathology. We also provide an agenda for future research, which includes calls to (1) adopt neural-systems-first approaches over disorder-first approaches when studying psychopathology, (2) eschew biological reductionism by integrating environmental risk mediators into our etiopathophysiological models, (3) integrate neural vulnerabilities into the empirical latent structure of psychopathology, and (4) replace null hypothesis significance testing with computational approaches that accommodate etiological complexity by evaluating functional dependencies among RDoC constructs, including positive valence systems (approach), negative valence systems (avoidance), and arousal/regulatory systems (self-regulation).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen P Hinshaw
- University of California Berkeley
- University of California San Francisco
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8
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Wiltshire TJ, Philipsen JS, Trasmundi SB, Jensen TW, Steffensen SV. Interpersonal Coordination Dynamics in Psychotherapy: A Systematic Review. COGNITIVE THERAPY AND RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10608-020-10106-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of interpersonal coordination (i.e., covariation over time) in different modalities (e.g., physiology, language) during psychotherapy and their importance for understanding the dynamics of psychotherapeutic interaction and efficacy.
Methods
We conducted a systematic review of all studies examining some form of interpersonal coordination in a psychotherapeutic context.
Results
We first summarize details of the included studies such as gender composition, therapy types, and methods used. The collation of these studies provided evidence that, during psychotherapeutic contexts, interpersonal coordination occurs in physiology, movements, interpersonal displays, and language/vocalizations. Further, it also showed that movement coordination was most frequently associated with psychotherapy outcomes, physiological coordination was most frequently associated with empathy, and coordination in a variety of modalities including language/vocalizations were most frequently associated with therapeutic alliance.
Conclusions
We discuss these results, shortcomings with the current literature, and highlight three crucial questions for future research. Research on interpersonal coordination in psychotherapy has potential to advance the both the research and practice of psychotherapy.
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9
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Lougheed JP. Parent-Adolescent Dyads as Temporal Interpersonal Emotion Systems. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2020; 30:26-40. [PMID: 31424138 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Research on the role of parent-adolescent relationships in psychosocial adjustment needs a conceptual approach that specifies the processes by which development is nested in the relationship. I forward a new approach and emphasize the need to consider the unique elements that individuals bring to the dyadic system. I also emphasize the need to examine processes at multiple time scales. I highlight the complexity of dyadic system dynamics: Biological predispositions set the foundation for the parent-adolescent relationship and the emotion dynamics that emerge during interactions. As the system gets entrained through repeated interactions over longer time scales, real-time dynamics coalesce into psychosocial adjustment, which in turn constrains real-time dynamics. I review the evidence for each of these processes and discuss the implications.
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10
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Abstract
After obtaining a sample of published, peer-reviewed articles from journals with high and low impact factors in social, cognitive, neuro-, developmental, and clinical psychology, we used a priori equations recently derived by Trafimow (Educational and Psychological Measurement, 77, 831-854, 2017; Trafimow & MacDonald in Educational and Psychological Measurement, 77, 204-219, 2017) to compute the articles' median levels of precision. Our findings indicate that developmental research performs best with respect to precision, whereas cognitive research performs the worst; however, none of the psychology subfields excelled. In addition, we found important differences in precision between journals in the upper versus lower echelons with respect to impact factors in cognitive, neuro-, and clinical psychology, whereas the difference was dramatically attenuated for social and developmental psychology. Implications are discussed.
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11
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Kaufman EA, Puzia ME, Godfrey DA, Crowell SE. Physiological and behavioral effects of interpersonal validation: A multilevel approach to examining a core intervention strategy among self‐injuring adolescents and their mothers. J Clin Psychol 2019; 76:559-580. [DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin A. Kaufman
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Western Ontario London Ontario Canada
| | - Megan E. Puzia
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of Utah Salt Lake City Utah
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12
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Beauchaine TP, Sauder CL, Derbidge CM, Uyeji LL. Self-injuring adolescent girls exhibit insular cortex volumetric abnormalities that are similar to those seen in adults with borderline personality disorder. Dev Psychopathol 2019; 31:1203-1212. [PMID: 30394252 PMCID: PMC6500772 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579418000822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Self-inflicted injury (SII) in adolescence is a serious public health concern that portends prospective vulnerability to internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, borderline personality development, suicide attempts, and suicide. To date, however, our understanding of neurobiological vulnerabilities to SII is limited. Behaviorally, affect dysregulation is common among those who self-injure. This suggests ineffective cortical modulation of emotion, as observed among adults with borderline personality disorder. In borderline samples, structural and functional abnormalities are observed in several frontal regions that subserve emotion regulation (e.g., anterior cingulate, insula, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex). However, no volumetric analyses of cortical brain regions have been conducted among self-injuring adolescents. We used voxel-based morphometry to compare cortical gray matter volumes between self-injuring adolescent girls, ages 13-19 years (n = 20), and controls (n = 20). Whole-brain analyses revealed reduced gray matter volumes among self-injurers in the insular cortex bilaterally, and in the right inferior frontal gyrus, an adjacent neural structure also implicated in emotion and self-regulation. Insular and inferior frontal gyrus gray matter volumes correlated inversely with self-reported emotion dysregulation, over-and-above effects of psychopathology. Findings are consistent with an emotion dysregulation construal of SII, and indicate structural abnormalities in some but not all cortical brain regions implicated in borderline personality disorder among adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Colin L Sauder
- Department of Psychiatry,University of Texas San Antonio,San Antonio, TX,USA
| | - Christina M Derbidge
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,University of Utah,Salt Lake City, UT,USA
| | - Lauren L Uyeji
- Department of Psychology,Temple University,Philadelphia, PA,USA
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13
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Wiltshire TJ, Steffensen SV, Fiore SM. Multiscale movement coordination dynamics in collaborative team problem solving. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2019; 79:143-151. [PMID: 30103905 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
During collaborative problem solving (CPS), coordination occurs at different spatial and temporal scales. This multiscale coordination should play a functional role in facilitating effective collaboration. To evaluate this, we conducted a study of computer-based CPS with 42 dyadic teams. We used cross-wavelet coherence to examine movement coordination, extracted from videos, at several scales, and tested whether the observed coordination was greater than expected due to chance and due to task demands. We found that coordination at scales less than 2s was greater than chance and at most scales (except 16s, 1m, and 2m), was greater than expected due to task demands. Lastly, we observed that coherence at .25s and 1s scales was predictive of performance. However, when including relative phase, our results suggest that higher in-phase movement coordination at the 1s scale was the strongest predictor of CPS performance. Further, we used growth curve modeling to examine how movement coordination changes across the duration of the task and whether this is moderated by CPS performance. We found that coordination over the duration of the CPS task is quadratic (a U shape) and that better performing teams have higher coordination with a shallower curve. We discuss these findings and their relevance to understanding how low-level movement coordination facilitates CPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis J Wiltshire
- Centre for Human Interactivity, Department of Language & Communication, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230, Odense M, Denmark; Department of Cognitive Science and Artificial Intelligence, Tilburg University, Dante Building room D 346, Warandelaan 2, 5037 AB Tilburg, the Netherlands.
| | - Sune Vork Steffensen
- Centre for Human Interactivity, Department of Language & Communication, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Stephen M Fiore
- Institute for Simulation and Training & Department of Philosophy, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL, USA
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14
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Lin B, Kaliush PR, Conradt E, Terrell S, Neff D, Allen AK, Smid MC, Monk C, Crowell SE. Intergenerational transmission of emotion dysregulation: Part I. Psychopathology, self-injury, and parasympathetic responsivity among pregnant women. Dev Psychopathol 2019; 31:817-831. [PMID: 31064587 PMCID: PMC6790982 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579419000336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The World Health Organization recently reported that maternal mental health is a major public health concern. As many as one in four women suffer from psychiatric disorders at some point during pregnancy or the first postpartum year. Furthermore, self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs) represent one of the leading causes of death among women during this time. Thus, efforts to identify women at risk for serious forms of psychopathology and especially for SITBs are of utmost importance. Despite this urgency, current single-diagnostic approaches fail to recognize a significant subset of women who are vulnerable to perinatal stress and distress. The current study was among the first to investigate emotion dysregulation-a multilevel, transdiagnostic risk factor for psychopathology-and its associations with stress, distress, and SITBs in a sample of pregnant women (26-40 weeks gestation) recruited to reflect a range of emotion dysregulation. Both self-reported emotion dysregulation and respiratory sinus arrhythmia, a biomarker of emotion dysregulation, demonstrated expected associations with measures of mental health, including depression, anxiety, borderline personality pathology, and SITBs. In addition, self-reported emotion dysregulation was associated with blunted respiratory sinus arrhythmia responsivity to an ecologically valid infant cry task. Findings add to the literature considering transdiagnostic risk during pregnancy using a multiple-levels-of-analysis approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Lin
- Department of Psychology, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Parisa R. Kaliush
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Elisabeth Conradt
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sarah Terrell
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Dylan Neff
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ashley K. Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Marcela C. Smid
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Program for Addiction Research, Clinical Care, Knowledge and Advocacy (PARCKA), Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Catherine Monk
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sheila E. Crowell
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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15
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Haines N, Bell Z, Crowell S, Hahn H, Kamara D, McDonough-Caplan H, Shader T, Beauchaine TP. Using automated computer vision and machine learning to code facial expressions of affect and arousal: Implications for emotion dysregulation research. Dev Psychopathol 2019; 31:871-886. [PMID: 30919792 PMCID: PMC7319037 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579419000312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
As early as infancy, caregivers' facial expressions shape children's behaviors, help them regulate their emotions, and encourage or dissuade their interpersonal agency. In childhood and adolescence, proficiencies in producing and decoding facial expressions promote social competence, whereas deficiencies characterize several forms of psychopathology. To date, however, studying facial expressions has been hampered by the labor-intensive, time-consuming nature of human coding. We describe a partial solution: automated facial expression coding (AFEC), which combines computer vision and machine learning to code facial expressions in real time. Although AFEC cannot capture the full complexity of human emotion, it codes positive affect, negative affect, and arousal-core Research Domain Criteria constructs-as accurately as humans, and it characterizes emotion dysregulation with greater specificity than other objective measures such as autonomic responding. We provide an example in which we use AFEC to evaluate emotion dynamics in mother-daughter dyads engaged in conflict. Among other findings, AFEC (a) shows convergent validity with a validated human coding scheme, (b) distinguishes among risk groups, and (c) detects developmental increases in positive dyadic affect correspondence as teen daughters age. Although more research is needed to realize the full potential of AFEC, findings demonstrate its current utility in research on emotion dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Haines
- Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ziv Bell
- Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sheila Crowell
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Hunter Hahn
- Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dana Kamara
- Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Tiffany Shader
- Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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16
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Thomson ND, Beauchaine TP. Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia Mediates Links Between Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms and Both Aggressive and Violent Behavior. J Pers Disord 2019; 33:544-559. [PMID: 30307825 DOI: 10.1521/pedi_2018_32_358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Although emotion dysregulation (ED) is a core symptom of borderline personality disorder (BPD), tests of associations between ED and aggression and violence-which are common to BPD-are sparse. The authors evaluated mediating effects of an autonomic vulnerability to ED on links between BPD symptoms and (a) reactive aggression, (b) proactive aggression, and (c) histories of interpersonal violence in a sample of young adults (N = 104), ages 18-22 years. Low baseline respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) mediated the association between BPD symptoms and reactive aggression. In contrast, although BPD symptoms were correlated with proactive aggression, no mediational effect was found. In addition, low RSA mediated the association between BPD symptoms and histories of interpersonal violence. Collectively, these findings add evidence that neurobiological vulnerability to ED contributes to aggressive and violent behavior among those with BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas D Thomson
- Division of Acute Care Surgical Services, Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Health, Richmond, Virginia, and University of Durham, Durham, UK
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17
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Beauchaine TP, Hinshaw SP, Bridge JA. Nonsuicidal Self-Injury and Suicidal Behaviors in Girls: The Case for Targeted Prevention in Preadolescence. Clin Psychol Sci 2019; 7:643-667. [PMID: 31485384 PMCID: PMC6726409 DOI: 10.1177/2167702618818474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) affects 15-20% of adolescents-disproportionately girls-and is a strong predictor of eventual suicide attempts and suicide. Many girls now initiate NSSI before age 10. These early-starters exhibit greater frequency of NSSI, use more diverse methods, and are hospitalized more often, yet there are no empirically supported prevention programs for preadolescents. Obstacles to prevention include ascertaining who is sufficiently vulnerable and specifying mechanistic intervention targets. Recent research indicates that (1) preadolescent girls with ADHD who are also maltreated are at alarming risk for NSSI and suicide attempts by adolescence, and (2) the conjoint effects of these vulnerabilities are sufficiently potent for targeted prevention. Research also indicates that existing interventions are effective in altering child- and family-level mechanisms of NSSI. These interventions alter neurobiological markers of vulnerability, which can be used as proximal efficacy signals of prevention response, without waiting for NSSI and suicide attempts to emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen P Hinshaw
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, The University of California, Berkeley; University of California, San Francisco
| | - Jeffrey A Bridge
- Center for Suicide Prevention and Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
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Wolff JC, Thompson E, Thomas SA, Nesi J, Bettis AH, Ransford B, Scopelliti K, Frazier EA, Liu RT. Emotion dysregulation and non-suicidal self-injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Psychiatry 2019; 59:25-36. [PMID: 30986729 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past several years there has been considerable interest in the relation between emotion dysregulation and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), particularly given that rates of NSSI have been increasing and NSSI is a critical risk factor for suicidal behavior. To date, however, no synthesis of empirical findings exists. METHODS The present study presents a comprehensive meta-analytic review of the literature on the association between NSSI and emotion dysregulation. A total of 48 publications, including 49 independent samples, were included in this analysis. RESULTS Overall, a significant association was found between emotion dysregulation and NSSI (pooled OR = 3.03 [95% CI = 2.56-3.59]). This association was reduced but remained significant (OR = 2.40 [95% CI = 2.01-2.86]) after adjustment for publication bias. Emotion dysregulation subscales most strongly associated with NSSI included limited access to regulation strategies, non-acceptance of emotional responses, impulse control difficulties, and difficulties engaging goal-directed behavior. Lack of emotional awareness/clarity and cognitive aspects of dysregulation yielded weaker, yet significant, positive associations with NSSI. CONCLUSIONS Findings support the notion that greater emotion dysregulation is associated with higher risk for NSSI among individuals across settings, regardless of age or sex. Furthermore, findings reveal facets of dysregulation that may have unique implications for NSSI. This meta-analysis highlights the importance of better understanding emotion dysregulation as a treatment target for preventing NSSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C Wolff
- The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 1 Hoppin St, Suite 204, 02093, Providence, RI, United States.
| | - Elizabeth Thompson
- The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 1 Hoppin St, Suite 204, 02093, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Sarah A Thomas
- The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 1 Hoppin St, Suite 204, 02093, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Jacqueline Nesi
- The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 1 Hoppin St, Suite 204, 02093, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Alexandra H Bettis
- The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 1 Hoppin St, Suite 204, 02093, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Briana Ransford
- The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 1 Hoppin St, Suite 204, 02093, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Katie Scopelliti
- The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 1 Hoppin St, Suite 204, 02093, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Elisabeth A Frazier
- The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 1 Hoppin St, Suite 204, 02093, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Richard T Liu
- The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 1 Hoppin St, Suite 204, 02093, Providence, RI, United States
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Davis M, West K, Bilms J, Morelen D, Suveg C. A systematic review of parent-child synchrony: It is more than skin deep. Dev Psychobiol 2018; 60:674-691. [PMID: 29900545 DOI: 10.1002/dev.21743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
This manuscript provides a critical review of the literature on parent-child physiological synchrony-the matching of biological states between parents and children. All eligible studies found some evidence of physiological synchrony, though the magnitude and direction of synchrony varied according to methodological factors, including the physiological system examined (i.e., parasympathetic or sympathetic nervous system activity, adrenocortical functioning) and the statistical approach used (e.g., multilevel modeling, correlation). The review underscores the need to consider the context in which physiological synchrony occurs (e.g., family risk) to best understand its significance. Furthermore, the review delineates vital avenues for future research, including the need to assess synchrony across multiple physiological systems and the importance of documenting continuity/change in physiological synchrony across developmental periods. Such research is crucial for understanding how the parent-child relationship unfolds at a physiological level and, in turn, how this relationship can facilitate or hinder parent, child, and family adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Davis
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Kara West
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Joanie Bilms
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Diana Morelen
- Department of Psychology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee
| | - Cynthia Suveg
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
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Whitlock JL, Baetens I, Lloyd-Richardson E, Hasking P, Hamza C, Lewis S, Franz P, Robinson K. Helping schools support caregivers of youth who self-injure: Considerations and recommendations. SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/0143034318771415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a significant international mental health concern, with consequences for not only youth who self-injure, but for their entire family system. Helping caregivers respond productively to their child’s self-injury is a vital part of effectively addressing NSSI. This paper will assist school-based mental health practitioners and other personnel support caregivers of youth who self-injure by reviewing current literature, highlighting common challenges faced by school-based professionals, and providing evidenced-informed recommendations for supporting caregivers of youth who self-injure. We posit that schools can best support caregivers by having clear and well-articulated self-injury protocols and by engaging caregivers early. Once engaged, helping caregivers to navigate first conversations, keep doors open, know what to expect, seek support for themselves and understand and address safety concerns will ultimately benefit youth who self-injure and the school systems that support them. We also review recommendations for working with youth whose caretakers are unwilling or unable to be engaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janis L. Whitlock
- Bronfenbrenner Center for Translational Research, Cornell University, USA
| | | | | | | | - Chloe Hamza
- Ontario Institute for Studies in Education at the University of Toronto, Canada
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Bell Z, Shader T, Webster-Stratton C, Reid MJ, Beauchaine TP. Improvements in Negative Parenting Mediate Changes in Children's Autonomic Responding Following a Preschool Intervention for ADHD. Clin Psychol Sci 2017; 6:134-144. [PMID: 29545976 PMCID: PMC5846488 DOI: 10.1177/2167702617727559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal patterns of sympathetic- and parasympathetic- linked cardiac activity and reactivity are observed among externalizing children, and mark deficiencies in central nervous system regulation of behavior and emotion. Although changes in these biomarkers have been observed following treatment, mechanisms remain unexplored. We used MEMORE-a new approach to analyzing intervening variable effects-to evaluate improvements in parenting as mediators of changes in SNS- and PNS-linked cardiac activity and reactivity among 99 preschoolers with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder who were treated using an empirically supported intervention. Decreases in negative parenting (criticism, negative commands, physical intrusions) were associated with increases in resting RSA and PEP reactivity to incentives from pre- to post-intervention. Increases in positive parenting were not associated with changes in autonomic function. These findings suggest socially-induced plasticity in peripheral biomarkers of behavior and emotion regulation, and underscore the importance of reducing aversive interactions between parents and children when treating externalizing behavior.
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