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Ehirchiou D, Bernabei I, Pandian VD, Nasi S, Chobaz V, Castelblanco M, So A, Martinon F, Li X, Acha-Orbea H, Hugle T, Zhang L, Busso N. The integrin CD11b inhibits MSU-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages and protects mice against MSU-induced joint inflammation. Arthritis Res Ther 2024; 26:119. [PMID: 38863059 PMCID: PMC11165854 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-024-03350-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In gout, monosodium urate crystals are taken up by macrophages, triggering the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the maturation of IL-1β. This study aimed to investigate the role of integrin CD11b in inflammasome activation in macrophages stimulated by MSU. METHODS BMDM from WT and CD11b KO mice were stimulated in vitro with MSU crystals. Cellular supernatants were collected to assess the expression of the inflammatory cytokines by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot methods. The role of integrin CD11b in MSU-induced gouty arthritis in vivo was investigated by intra-articular injection of MSU crystals. Real-time extracellular acidification rate and oxygen consumption rate of BMDMs were measured by Seahorse Extracellular Flux Analyzer. RESULTS We demonstrate that CD11b-deficient mice developed exacerbated gouty arthritis with increased recruitment of leukocytes in the joint and higher IL-1β levels in the sera. In macrophages, genetic deletion of CD11b induced a shift of macrophage metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, thus decreasing the overall generation of intracellular ATP. Upon MSU stimulation, CD11b-deficient macrophages showed an exacerbated secretion of IL-1β. Treating wild-type macrophages with a CD11b agonist, LA1, inhibited MSU-induced release of IL-1β in vitro and attenuated the severity of experimental gouty arthritis. Importantly, LA1, was also effective in human cells as it inhibited MSU-induced release of IL-1β by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors. CONCLUSION Our data identified the CD11b integrin as a principal cell membrane receptor that modulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation by MSU crystal in macrophages, which could be a potential therapeutic target to treat gouty arthritis in human patients.
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Grants
- 310030_173134 Fonds National Suisse de la recherche scientifique, Switzerland
- 310030_173134 Fonds National Suisse de la recherche scientifique, Switzerland
- 310030_173134 Fonds National Suisse de la recherche scientifique, Switzerland
- 310030_173134 Fonds National Suisse de la recherche scientifique, Switzerland
- 310030_173134 Fonds National Suisse de la recherche scientifique, Switzerland
- 310030_173134 Fonds National Suisse de la recherche scientifique, Switzerland
- 310030_173134 Fonds National Suisse de la recherche scientifique, Switzerland
- 310030_173134 Fonds National Suisse de la recherche scientifique, Switzerland
- 310030_173134 Fonds National Suisse de la recherche scientifique, Switzerland
- 310030_173134 Fonds National Suisse de la recherche scientifique, Switzerland
- 310030_173134 Fonds National Suisse de la recherche scientifique, Switzerland
- 310030_173134 Fonds National Suisse de la recherche scientifique, Switzerland
- 310030_173134 Fonds National Suisse de la recherche scientifique, Switzerland
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Affiliation(s)
- Driss Ehirchiou
- Service of Rheumatology, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ilaria Bernabei
- Service of Rheumatology, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vishnuprabu Durairaj Pandian
- Department of Physiology, Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sonia Nasi
- Service of Rheumatology, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Veronique Chobaz
- Service of Rheumatology, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mariela Castelblanco
- Service of Rheumatology, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexander So
- Service of Rheumatology, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Martinon
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hans Acha-Orbea
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Hugle
- Service of Rheumatology, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nathalie Busso
- Service of Rheumatology, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Klaus T, Hieber C, Bros M, Grabbe S. Integrins in Health and Disease-Suitable Targets for Treatment? Cells 2024; 13:212. [PMID: 38334604 PMCID: PMC10854705 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Integrin receptors are heterodimeric surface receptors that play multiple roles regarding cell-cell communication, signaling, and migration. The four members of the β2 integrin subfamily are composed of an alternative α (CD11a-d) subunit, which determines the specific receptor properties, and a constant β (CD18) subunit. This review aims to present insight into the multiple immunological roles of integrin receptors, with a focus on β2 integrins that are specifically expressed by leukocytes. The pathophysiological role of β2 integrins is confirmed by the drastic phenotype of patients suffering from leukocyte adhesion deficiencies, most often resulting in severe recurrent infections and, at the same time, a predisposition for autoimmune diseases. So far, studies on the role of β2 integrins in vivo employed mice with a constitutive knockout of all β2 integrins or either family member, respectively, which complicated the differentiation between the direct and indirect effects of β2 integrin deficiency for distinct cell types. The recent generation and characterization of transgenic mice with a cell-type-specific knockdown of β2 integrins by our group has enabled the dissection of cell-specific roles of β2 integrins. Further, integrin receptors have been recognized as target receptors for the treatment of inflammatory diseases as well as tumor therapy. However, whereas both agonistic and antagonistic agents yielded beneficial effects in animal models, the success of clinical trials was limited in most cases and was associated with unwanted side effects. This unfavorable outcome is most probably related to the systemic effects of the used compounds on all leukocytes, thereby emphasizing the need to develop formulations that target distinct types of leukocytes to modulate β2 integrin activity for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Stephan Grabbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (T.K.); (C.H.); (M.B.)
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3
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Nording H, Sauter M, Lin C, Steubing R, Geisler S, Sun Y, Niethammer J, Emschermann F, Wang Y, Zieger B, Nieswandt B, Kleinschnitz C, Simon DI, Langer HF. Activated Platelets Upregulate β 2 Integrin Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) on Dendritic Cells, Which Mediates Heterotypic Cell-Cell Interaction. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:1729-1741. [PMID: 35277420 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests interaction of platelets with dendritic cells (DCs), while the molecular mechanisms mediating this heterotypic cell cross-talk are largely unknown. We evaluated the role of integrin Mac-1 (αMβ2, CD11b/CD18) on DCs as a counterreceptor for platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ibα. In a dynamic coincubation model, we observed interaction of human platelets with monocyte-derived DCs, but also that platelet activation induced a sharp increase in heterotypic cell binding. Inhibition of CD11b or GPIbα led to significant reduction of DC adhesion to platelets in vitro independent of GPIIbIIIa, which we confirmed using platelets from Glanzmann thrombasthenia patients and transgenic mouse lines on C57BL/6 background (GPIbα-/-, IL4R-GPIbα-tg, and muMac1 mice). In vivo, inhibition or genetic deletion of CD11b and GPIbα induced a significant reduction of platelet-mediated DC adhesion to the injured arterial wall. Interestingly, only intravascular antiCD11b inhibited DC recruitment, suggesting a dynamic DC-platelet interaction. Indeed, we could show that activated platelets induced CD11b upregulation on Mg2+-preactivated DCs, which was related to protein kinase B (Akt) and dependent on P-selectin and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1. Importantly, specific pharmacological targeting of the GPIbα-Mac-1 interaction site blocked DC-platelet interaction in vitro and in vivo. These results demonstrate that cross-talk of platelets with DCs is mediated by GPIbα and Mac-1, which is upregulated on DCs by activated platelets in a P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Nording
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany.,University Hospital, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Manuela Sauter
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,University Hospital, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Chaolan Lin
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Rebecca Steubing
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational and Behavioral Neurosciences, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sven Geisler
- Cell Analysis Core Facility, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ying Sun
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Joel Niethammer
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Fréderic Emschermann
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yunmei Wang
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Barbara Zieger
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; and
| | - Christoph Kleinschnitz
- Department of Neurology and Center for Translational and Behavioral Neurosciences, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Daniel I Simon
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH.,University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Harald F Langer
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; .,German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany.,University Hospital, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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4
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Zhiping LL, Ong LT, Chatterjee D, Tan SM, Bhattacharjya S. Binary and ternary complexes of FLNa-Ig21 with cytosolic tails of αMß2 integrin reveal dual role of filamin mediated regulation. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1865:130005. [PMID: 34509570 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.130005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytoskeletal protein filamin A is critical for the outside-in signaling of integrins. Although molecular mechanisms of filamin-integrin interactions are not fully understood. Mostly, the membrane distal (MD) part of the cytosolic tail (CT) of β subunit of integrin is known to interact with filamin A domain 21 (FLNa-Ig2). However, binary and ternary complexes of full-length CTs of leucocyte specific ß2 integrins with FLNa-Ig21 are yet to be elucidated. METHODS Binding interactions of the CTs of integrin αMß2 with FLNa-Ig21 are extensively investigated by NMR, ITC, cell-based functional assays and computational docking. RESULTS The αM CT demonstrates interactions with FLNa-Ig21 forming a binary complex. Filamin/αM interface is mediated by sidechain-sidechain interactions among non-polar and aromatic residues involving MP helix of αM and the canonical CD face of FLNa-Ig21. Functional assays delineated an interfacial residue Y1137 of αM CT is critical for in-cell binding to FLNa-Ig2. In addition, full-length ß2 CT occupies two distinct binding sites in complex with FLNa-Ig21. A ternary complex of FLNa-Ig21 with CTs has been characterized. In the ternary complex, αM CT moves away to a distal site of FLNa-Ig21 with fewer interactions. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate a plausible dual role of filamin in integrin regulation. The molecular interactions of the ternary complex are critical for the resting state of integrins whereas stable FLNa-Ig21/αM CT binary complex perhaps be required for the activated state. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Filamin binding to both α and β CTs of other integrins could be essential in regulating bidirectional signaling mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis Lu Zhiping
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Li-Teng Ong
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Deepak Chatterjee
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Suet-Mien Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
| | - Surajit Bhattacharjya
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
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5
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Schittenhelm L, Robertson J, Pratt AG, Hilkens CM, Morrison VL. Dendritic cell integrin expression patterns regulate inflammation in the rheumatoid arthritis joint. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 60:1533-1542. [PMID: 33123735 PMCID: PMC7937020 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Immune dysregulation contributes to the development of RA. Altered surface expression patterns of integrin adhesion receptors by immune cells is one mechanism by which this may occur. We investigated the role of β2 integrin subunits CD11a and CD11b in dendritic cell (DC) subsets of RA patients. Methods Total β2 integrin subunit expression and its conformation (‘active’ vs ‘inactive’ state) were quantified in DC subsets from peripheral blood (PB) and SF of RA patients as well as PB from healthy controls. Ex vivo stimulation of PB DC subsets and in vitro-generated mature and tolerogenic monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs) were utilized to model the clinical findings. Integrin subunit contribution to DC function was tested by analysing clustering and adhesion, and in co-cultures to assess T cell activation. Results A significant reduction in total and active CD11a expression in DCs in RA SF compared with PB and, conversely, a significant increase in CD11b expression was found. These findings were modelled in vitro using moDCs: tolerogenic moDCs showed higher expression of active CD11a and reduced levels of active CD11b compared with mature moDCs. Finally, blockade of CD11b impaired T cell activation in DC–T cell co-cultures. Conclusion For the first time in RA, we show opposing expression of CD11a and CD11b in DCs in environments of inflammation (CD11alow/CD11bhigh) and steady state/tolerance (CD11ahigh/CD11blow), as well as a T cell stimulatory role for CD11b. These findings highlight DC integrins as potential novel targets for intervention in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Schittenhelm
- Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Glasgow, UK
| | - Jamie Robertson
- Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Arthur G Pratt
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Glasgow, UK.,Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Catharien M Hilkens
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Glasgow, UK
| | - Vicky L Morrison
- Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.,Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Glasgow, UK
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6
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Lokki AI, Teirilä L, Triebwasser M, Daly E, Bhattacharjee A, Uotila L, Llort Asens M, Kurki MI, Perola M, Auro K, Salmon JE, Daly M, Atkinson JP, Laivuori H, Fagerholm S, Meri S. Dysfunction of complement receptors CR3 (CD11b/18) and CR4 (CD11c/18) in pre-eclampsia: a genetic and functional study. BJOG 2021; 128:1282-1291. [PMID: 33539617 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.16660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study genetic variants and their function within genes coding for complement receptors in pre-eclampsia. DESIGN A case-control study. SETTING Pre-eclampsia is a common vascular disease of pregnancy. The clearance of placenta-derived material is one of the functions of the complement system in pregnancy. POPULATION We genotyped 500 women with pre-eclamptic pregnancies and 190 pregnant women without pre-eclampsia, as controls, from the FINNPEC cohort, and 122 women with pre-eclamptic pregnancies and 1905 controls from the national FINRISK cohort. METHODS The functional consequences of genotypes discovered by targeted exomic sequencing were explored by analysing the binding of the main ligand iC3b to mutated CR3 or CR4, which were transiently expressed on the surface of COS-1 cells. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Allele frequencies were compared between pre-eclamptic pregnancies and controls in genetic studies. The functional consequences of selected variants were measured by binding assays. RESULTS The most significantly pre-eclampsia-linked CR3 variant M441K (P = 4.27E-4, OR = 1.401, 95% CI = 1.167-1.682) displayed a trend of increased adhesion to iC3b (P = 0.051). The CR4 variant A251T was found to enhance the adhesion of CR4 to iC3b, whereas W48R resulted in a decrease of the binding of CR4 to iC3b. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that changes in complement-facilitated phagocytosis are associated with pre-eclampsia. Further studies are needed to ascertain whether aberrant CR3 and CR4 activity leads to altered pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine responses in individuals carrying the associated variants, and the role of these receptors in pre-eclampsia pathogenesis. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Genetic variants of complement receptors CR3 and CR4 have functional consequences that are associated with pre-eclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Lokki
- Translational Immunology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - L Teirilä
- Translational Immunology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Bacteriology and immunology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Triebwasser
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - E Daly
- Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Bhattacharjee
- Herantis Pharma Plc, Espoo, Finland.,Neuroscience Center, HiLife, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - L Uotila
- Research Services, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Llort Asens
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Program, Faculty of Bio- and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M I Kurki
- Neurosurgery of Neuro Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Finland.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - M Perola
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - K Auro
- Department of Government Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J E Salmon
- Hospital for Special Surgery-Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Daly
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J P Atkinson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - H Laivuori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - S Fagerholm
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Program, Faculty of Bio- and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - S Meri
- Translational Immunology Research Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Bacteriology and immunology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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- Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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7
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Halder LD, Jo EAH, Hasan MZ, Ferreira-Gomes M, Krüger T, Westermann M, Palme DI, Rambach G, Beyersdorf N, Speth C, Jacobsen ID, Kniemeyer O, Jungnickel B, Zipfel PF, Skerka C. Immune modulation by complement receptor 3-dependent human monocyte TGF-β1-transporting vesicles. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2331. [PMID: 32393780 PMCID: PMC7214408 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16241-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles have an important function in cellular communication. Here, we show that human and mouse monocytes release TGF-β1-transporting vesicles in response to the pathogenic fungus Candida albicans. Soluble β-glucan from C. albicans binds to complement receptor 3 (CR3, also known as CD11b/CD18) on monocytes and induces the release of TGF-β1-transporting vesicles. CR3-dependence is demonstrated using CR3-deficient (CD11b knockout) monocytes generated by CRISPR-CAS9 genome editing and isolated from CR3-deficient (CD11b knockout) mice. These vesicles reduce the pro-inflammatory response in human M1-macrophages as well as in whole blood. Binding of the vesicle-transported TGF-β1 to the TGF-β receptor inhibits IL1B transcription via the SMAD7 pathway in whole blood and induces TGFB1 transcription in endothelial cells, which is resolved upon TGF-β1 inhibition. Notably, human complement-opsonized apoptotic bodies induce production of similar TGF-β1-transporting vesicles in monocytes, suggesting that the early immune response might be suppressed through this CR3-dependent anti-inflammatory vesicle pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke D Halder
- Department of Infection Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Emeraldo A H Jo
- Department of Infection Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Mohammad Z Hasan
- Department of Infection Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Marta Ferreira-Gomes
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Krüger
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Westermann
- Electron Microscopy Center, University Hospital Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Diana I Palme
- Department of Infection Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Günter Rambach
- Division of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Niklas Beyersdorf
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Speth
- Division of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ilse D Jacobsen
- Research Group Microbial Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, 07745, Jena, Germany.,Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Olaf Kniemeyer
- Department of Molecular and Applied Microbiology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Berit Jungnickel
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Peter F Zipfel
- Department of Infection Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, 07745, Jena, Germany.,Friedrich Schiller University, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Christine Skerka
- Department of Infection Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, 07745, Jena, Germany.
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8
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Lo MW, Woodruff TM. Complement: Bridging the innate and adaptive immune systems in sterile inflammation. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:339-351. [PMID: 32182389 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mir0220-270r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The complement system is a collection of soluble and membrane-bound proteins that together act as a powerful amplifier of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Although its role in infection is well established, complement is becoming increasingly recognized as a key contributor to sterile inflammation, a chronic inflammatory process often associated with noncommunicable diseases. In this context, damaged tissues release danger signals and trigger complement, which acts on a range of leukocytes to augment and bridge the innate and adaptive immune systems. Given the detrimental effect of chronic inflammation, the complement system is therefore well placed as an anti-inflammatory drug target. In this review, we provide a general outline of the sterile activators, effectors, and targets of the complement system and a series of examples (i.e., hypertension, cancer, allograft transplant rejection, and neuroinflammation) that highlight complement's ability to bridge the 2 arms of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin W Lo
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Trent M Woodruff
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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9
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Bednarczyk M, Stege H, Grabbe S, Bros M. β2 Integrins-Multi-Functional Leukocyte Receptors in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1402. [PMID: 32092981 PMCID: PMC7073085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
β2 integrins are heterodimeric surface receptors composed of a variable α (CD11a-CD11d) and a constant β (CD18) subunit and are specifically expressed by leukocytes. The α subunit defines the individual functional properties of the corresponding β2 integrin, but all β2 integrins show functional overlap. They mediate adhesion to other cells and to components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), orchestrate uptake of extracellular material like complement-opsonized pathogens, control cytoskeletal organization, and modulate cell signaling. This review aims to delineate the tremendous role of β2 integrins for immune functions as exemplified by the phenotype of LAD-I (leukocyte adhesion deficiency 1) patients that suffer from strong recurrent infections. These immune defects have been largely attributed to impaired migratory and phagocytic properties of polymorphonuclear granulocytes. The molecular base for this inherited disease is a functional impairment of β2 integrins due to mutations within the CD18 gene. LAD-I patients are also predisposed for autoimmune diseases. In agreement, polymorphisms within the CD11b gene have been associated with autoimmunity. Consequently, β2 integrins have received growing interest as targets in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Moreover, β2 integrin activity on leukocytes has been implicated in tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (M.B.); (H.S.); (S.G.)
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Transforming growth factor-β1 enhances proliferative and metastatic potential by up-regulating lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1/integrin αMβ2 in human renal cell carcinoma. Mol Cell Biochem 2019; 465:165-174. [PMID: 31848806 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03676-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a kind of malignant tumor with high recurrence, and it is urgent to find molecular markers for diagnosis and prognosis of RCC. Our study investigated the expression and function of integrin αMβ2 in RCC cells, aiming to understand the role of integrin αMβ2 in RCC and develop new therapeutic target for RCC. Overexpression and knockdown of lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1) were performed using vector containing full-length cDNA and via siRNA technology, respectively. The expressions of mRNA and protein were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Proliferation of RCC cell was analyzed using WST-1 assay, and metastasis of RCC cell was evaluated using the transwell system. Our results demonstrated that LEF1 and integrin αMβ2 were up-regulated in RCC cells via TGF-β1-dependent mechanism, and LEF1 together with β-catenin directly increased integrin αMβ2 level. On the other hand, TGF-β1-induced proliferation, migration and invasion were suppressed by function-blocking antibody against integrin αMβ2 in RCC cells. In addition, integrin αMβ2 is crucial for LEF1 mediated cell invasion by regulating MMP-2, MMP-9 and calpain-2 secretion in RCC cells. LEF1/integrin αMβ2 expression was regulated by TGF-β1, and LEF1/integrin αMβ2 was involved in TGF-β1's improvement effects on the proliferation and metastasis of RCC. Blocking integrin αMβ2 activity could be a therapeutic option for patients with advanced RCC.
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Regulation of the complement system and immunological tolerance in pregnancy. Semin Immunol 2019; 45:101337. [PMID: 31757607 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2019.101337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a serious vascular complication of the human pregnancy, whose etiology is still poorly understood. In preeclampsia, exacerbated apoptosis and fragmentation of the placental tissue occurs due to developmental qualities of the placental trophoblast cells and/or mechanical and oxidative distress to the syncytiotrophoblast, which lines the placental villi. Dysregulation of the complement system is recognized as one of the mechanisms of the disease pathology. Complement has the ability to promote inflammation and facilitate phagocytosis of placenta-derived particles and apoptotic cells by macrophages. In preeclampsia, an overload of placental cell damage or dysregulated complement system may lead to insufficient clearance of apoptotic particles and placenta-derived debris. Excess placental damage may lead to sequestration of microparticles, such as placental vesicles, to capillaries in the glomeruli of the kidney and other vulnerable tissues. This phenomenon could contribute to the manifestations of typical diagnostic symptoms of preeclampsia: proteinuria and new-onset hypertension. In this review we propose that the complement system may serve as a regulator of the complex tolerance and clearance processes that are fundamental in healthy pregnancy. It is therefore recommended that further research be conducted to elucidate the interactions between components of the complement system and immune responses in the context of complicated and healthy pregnancy.
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Mice expressing the variant rs1143679 allele of ITGAM (CD11b) show impaired DC-mediated T cell proliferation. Mamm Genome 2019; 30:245-259. [PMID: 31673770 PMCID: PMC6842653 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-019-09819-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and functional genomic analyses have implicated several ITGAM (CD11b) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the development of SLE and other disorders. ITGAM encodes the αM chain of the β2 integrin Mac-1, a receptor that plays important roles in myeloid cell functions. The ITGAM SNP rs1143679, which results in an arginine to histidine change at amino acid position 77 of the CD11b protein, has been shown to reduce binding to several ligands and to alter Mac-1-mediated cellular response in vitro. Importantly, however, the potential contribution of this SNP variant to the initiation and/or progression of immune and inflammatory processes in vivo remains unexplored. Herein, we describe for the first time the generation and characterization of a mouse line expressing the 77His variant of CD11b. Surprisingly, we found that 77His did not significantly affect Mac-1-mediated leukocyte migration and activation as assessed using thioglycollate-induced peritonitis and LPS/TNF-α-induced dermal inflammation models. In contrast, expression of this variant did alter T cell immunity, as evidenced by significantly reduced proliferation of ovalbumin (OVA)-specific transgenic T cells in 77His mice immunized with OVA. Reduced antigen-specific T cell proliferation was also observed when either 77His splenic dendritic cells (DCs) or bone marrow-derived DCs were used as antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Although more work is necessary to determine how this alteration might influence the development of SLE or other diseases, these in vivo findings suggest that the 77His variant of CD11b can compromise the ability of DCs to induce antigen-driven T cell proliferation.
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MiR-21 binding site SNP within ITGAM associated with psoriasis susceptibility in women. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218323. [PMID: 31211819 PMCID: PMC6581264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Great progress has been made in the understanding of inflammatory processes in psoriasis. However, clarifying the role of genetic variability in processes regulating inflammation, including post-transcriptional regulation by microRNA (miRNA), remains a challenge. OBJECTIVES We therefore investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with a predicted change in the miRNA/mRNA interaction of genes involved in the psoriasis inflammatory processes. METHODS Studied SNPs rs2910164 C/G-miR-146a, rs4597342 T/C-ITGAM, rs1368439 G/T-IL12B, rs1468488 C/T-IL17RA were selected using a bioinformatics analysis of psoriasis inflammation-associated genes. These SNPs were then genotyped using a large cohort of women with psoriasis (n = 241) and healthy controls (n = 516). RESULTS No significant association with psoriasis was observed for rs2910164, rs1368439, and rs1468488 genotypes. However, the major allele T of rs4597342 -ITGAM was associated with approximately 28% higher risk for psoriasis in comparison to the patients with the C allele (OR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.01-1.61, p = 0.037). In case of genotypes, the effect of the T allele indicates the dominant model of disease penetrance as the CT and TT genotypes increase the chance of psoriasis up to 42% in comparison to CC homozygotes of rs4597342 (OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.05-1.94, p = 0.025). CONCLUSION SNP rs4597342 in 3'UTR of ITGAM influencing miR-21 binding may be considered a risk factor for psoriasis development. Upregulated miR-21 in psoriasis is likely to inhibit CD11b production in the case of the rs4597342 T allele which may lead to Mac-1 dysfunction, resulting in an aberrant function of innate immune cells and leading to the production of cytokines involved in psoriasis pathogenesis.
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Harjunpää H, Llort Asens M, Guenther C, Fagerholm SC. Cell Adhesion Molecules and Their Roles and Regulation in the Immune and Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1078. [PMID: 31231358 PMCID: PMC6558418 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 396] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system and cancer have a complex relationship with the immune system playing a dual role in tumor development. The effector cells of the immune system can recognize and kill malignant cells while immune system-mediated inflammation can also promote tumor growth and regulatory cells suppress the anti-tumor responses. In the center of all anti-tumor responses is the ability of the immune cells to migrate to the tumor site and to interact with each other and with the malignant cells. Cell adhesion molecules including receptors of the immunoglobulin superfamily and integrins are of crucial importance in mediating these processes. Particularly integrins play a vital role in regulating all aspects of immune cell function including immune cell trafficking into tissues, effector cell activation and proliferation and the formation of the immunological synapse between immune cells or between immune cell and the target cell both during homeostasis and during inflammation and cancer. In this review we discuss the molecular mechanisms regulating integrin function and the role of integrins and other cell adhesion molecules in immune responses and in the tumor microenvironment. We also describe how malignant cells can utilize cell adhesion molecules to promote tumor growth and metastases and how these molecules could be targeted in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Harjunpää
- Research Program of Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, Faculty of Bio- and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marc Llort Asens
- Research Program of Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, Faculty of Bio- and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Carla Guenther
- Research Program of Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, Faculty of Bio- and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susanna C Fagerholm
- Research Program of Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, Faculty of Bio- and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Yang R, Huang J, Ma H, Li S, Gao X, Liu Y, Shen J, Liao A. Is complement C1q a potential marker for tumor burden and immunodeficiency in multiple myeloma? Leuk Lymphoma 2019; 60:1812-1818. [PMID: 30628497 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2018.1543883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) patients are immunodeficient. Complement C1q is an important cofactor of both nonspecific and humoral immunity, and it participates in the immunomodulation of multiple tumors. Thus, this study aimed to determine the risk factors and clinical significance of C1q expression in MM patients. In total, 193 MM patients were examined. The mean value of C1q in the patient group (130.46 ± 36.17 mg/L), was lower than that in the control group (anemia and nonmalignant hematologic disease). C1q dynamically changed with different MM stages and was recovered to normal levels when the disease was in remission; however, it decreased again after disease progression. The risk factors of C1q reduction included Durie-Salmon stage and the immunoglobulin type of the disease. In conclusion, C1q appears to be a useful biomarker of tumor burden and a prognostic factor of disease relapse. C1q is a potential marker of the immunodeficiency status in MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghui Yang
- a Department of Hematology , Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Jin Huang
- b Department of Radiotherapy , The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Huanxin Ma
- a Department of Hematology , Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Shiwen Li
- a Department of Hematology , Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Xin Gao
- a Department of Hematology , Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Yingshu Liu
- c Department of Laboratory , Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Jing Shen
- a Department of Hematology , Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Aijun Liao
- a Department of Hematology , Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , China
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16
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Complement factor H family proteins in their non-canonical role as modulators of cellular functions. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 85:122-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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17
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Švajger U, Rožman P. Induction of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells by Endogenous Biomolecules: An Update. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2482. [PMID: 30416505 PMCID: PMC6212600 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of microenvironment on dendritic cell (DC) function and development has been strongly established during the last two decades. Although DCs with general tolerogenic characteristics have been isolated and defined as a particular sub-population, it is predominantly their unequivocal biological plasticity, which allows for unparalleled responsiveness to environmental ques and shaping of their tolerogenic characteristics when interacting with tolerance-inducing biomolecules. Dendritic cells carry receptors for a great number of endogenous factors, which, after ligation, can importantly influence the development of their activation state. For this there is ample evidence merely by observation of DC characteristics isolated from various anatomical niches, e.g., the greater immunosuppressive potential of DCs isolated from intestine compared to conventional blood DCs. Endogenous biomolecules present in these environments most likely play a major role as a determinant of their phenotype and function. In this review, we will concisely summarize in what way various, tolerance-inducing endogenous factors influence DC biology, the development of their particular tolerogenic state and their subsequent actions in context of immune response inhibition and induction of regulatory T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urban Švajger
- Department for Therapeutic Services, Blood Transfusion Centre of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Primož Rožman
- Department for Therapeutic Services, Blood Transfusion Centre of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Nowatzky J, Manches O, Khan SA, Godefroy E, Bhardwaj N. Modulation of human Th17 cell responses through complement receptor 3 (CD11 b/CD18) ligation on monocyte-derived dendritic cells. J Autoimmun 2018; 92:57-66. [PMID: 29908907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apoptotic cell receptors contribute to the induction of tolerance by modulating dendritic cell function following the uptake of apoptotic cells or microparticles. Dendritic cells that have bound or ingested apoptotic cells produce only low amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines and fail to prime effector T cell responses. Specifically, ligation of the apoptotic cell receptor CR3 (CD11 b/CD18) on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDC) down-modates proinflammatory cytokine secretion, but the consequences for human Th17 cell homeostasis and effector responses remain unknown. Here, we aimed to establish whether CD11b-ligated moDC modulate Th17 cell effector reponses to assess their potential for future use in moDC-based suppressive immunotherapy. METHODS We generated a bead-based surrogate system to target CD11b on monocyte-derived human dendritic cells and examined the effects of CD11b ligation on Th17-skewing cytokine secretion, priming, expansion and functional plasticity in DC/T cell co-culture systems at the poly- and monoclonal level. RESULTS We show that Th17 cell expansion within the human memory CD4+ T cell compartment was efficiently constricted by targeting the CD11b receptor on moDC. This tolerogenic capacity was primarily dependent on cytokine skewing. Furthermore, ligation of CD11b on healthy homozygous carriers of the rs11143679 (ITGAM) variant - a strong genetic susceptibility marker for human systemic lupus erythematosus - also down-modulated the secretion of Th17-skewing cytokines. CONCLUSION Overall, our findings underline the potential of targeted CD11b ligation on human dendritic cells for the engineering of suppressive immunotherapy for Th17-related autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nina Bhardwaj
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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19
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Patsoukis N, Bardhan K, Weaver JD, Sari D, Torres-Gomez A, Li L, Strauss L, Lafuente EM, Boussiotis VA. The adaptor molecule RIAM integrates signaling events critical for integrin-mediated control of immune function and cancer progression. Sci Signal 2017; 10:10/493/eaam8298. [DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aam8298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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20
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Differential transcriptome of tolerogenic versus inflammatory dendritic cells points to modulated T1D genetic risk and enriched immune regulation. Genes Immun 2017; 18:176-183. [PMID: 28794505 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2017.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs) are assessed as immunomodulatory adjuvants to regulate autoimmunity. The underlying gene expression endorsing their regulatory features remains ill-defined. Using deep mRNA sequencing, we compared transcriptomes of 1,25-dihydroxyvitaminD3/dexametasone-modulated tolDCs with that of non-modulated mature inflammatory DCs (mDCs). Differentially expressed genes controlled cellular interactions, metabolic pathways and endorse tolDCs with the capacity to regulate cell activation through nutrient and signal deprivation, collectively gearing tolDCs into tolerogenic immune regulators. Gene expression differences correlated with protein expression, designating low CD86 and high CD52 on the cell surface as superior discriminators between tolDCs and mDCs. Of 37 candidate genes conferring risk to developing type 1 diabetes (T1D), 11 genes differentially expressed in tolDCs and mDCs regulated immune response and antigen-presenting activity. Differential-expressed transcripts of candidate risk loci for T1D suggest a role of these 'risk genes' in immune regulation, which targeting may modulate the genetic contribution to autoimmunity.
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21
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Erdei A, Sándor N, Mácsik-Valent B, Lukácsi S, Kremlitzka M, Bajtay Z. The versatile functions of complement C3-derived ligands. Immunol Rev 2017; 274:127-140. [PMID: 27782338 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The complement system is a major component of immune defense. Activation of the complement cascade by foreign substances and altered self-structures may lead to the elimination of the activating agent, and during the enzymatic cascade, several biologically active fragments are generated. Most immune regulatory effects of complement are mediated by the activation products of C3, the central component. The indispensable role of C3 in opsonic phagocytosis as well as in the regulation of humoral immune response is known for long, while the involvement of complement in T-cell biology have been revealed in the past few years. In this review, we discuss the immune modulatory functions of C3-derived fragments focusing on their role in processes which have not been summarized so far. The importance of locally synthesized complement will receive special emphasis, as several immunological processes take place in tissues, where hepatocyte-derived complement components might not be available at high concentrations. We also aim to call the attention to important differences between human and mouse systems regarding C3-mediated processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Erdei
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary. , .,MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary. ,
| | - Noémi Sándor
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Szilvia Lukácsi
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mariann Kremlitzka
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsa Bajtay
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by persistent joint inflammation. Without adequate treatment, patients with RA will develop joint deformity and progressive functional impairment. With the implementation of treat-to-target strategies and availability of biologic therapies, the outcomes for patients with RA have significantly improved. However, the unmet need in the treatment of RA remains high as some patients do not respond sufficiently to the currently available agents, remission is not always achieved and refractory disease is not uncommon. With better understanding of the pathophysiology of RA, new therapeutic approaches are emerging. Apart from more selective Janus kinase inhibition, there is a great interest in the granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor pathway, Bruton's tyrosine kinase pathway, phosphoinositide-3-kinase pathway, neural stimulation and dendritic cell-based therapeutics. In this review, we will discuss the therapeutic potential of these novel approaches.
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Stevanin M, Busso N, Chobaz V, Pigni M, Ghassem-Zadeh S, Zhang L, Acha-Orbea H, Ehirchiou D. CD11b regulates the Treg/Th17 balance in murine arthritis via IL-6. Eur J Immunol 2017; 47:637-645. [PMID: 28191643 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201646565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Th17 cells are often associated with autoimmunity and been shown to be increased in CD11b-/- mice. Here, we examined the role of CD11b in murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). C57BL/6 and CD11b-/- resistant mice were immunized with type II collagen. CD11b-/- mice developed arthritis with early onset, high incidence, and sustained severity compared with C57BL/6 mice. We observed a marked leukocyte infiltration, and histological examinations of the arthritic paws from CD11b-/- mice revealed that the cartilage was destroyed in association with strong lymphocytic infiltration. The CD11b deficiency led to enhanced Th17-cell differentiation. CD11b-/- dendritic cells (DCs) induced much stronger IL-6 production and hence Th17-cell differentiation than wild-type DCs. Treatment of CD11b-/- mice after establishment of the Treg/Th17 balance with an anti-IL-6 receptor mAb significantly suppressed the induction of Th17 cells and reduced arthritis severity. Finally, the severe phenotype of arthritis in CD11b-/- mice was rescued by adoptive transfer of CD11b+ DCs. Taken together, our results indicate that the resistance to CIA in C57BL/6 mice is regulated by CD11b via suppression of IL-6 production leading to reduced Th17-cell differentiation. Therefore, CD11b may represent a susceptibility factor for autoimmunity and could be a target for future therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Stevanin
- Department of Biochemistry CIIL, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Busso
- DAL, Service of Rheumatology, Laboratory of Rheumatology, University of Lausanne, CHUV, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Véronique Chobaz
- DAL, Service of Rheumatology, Laboratory of Rheumatology, University of Lausanne, CHUV, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Pigni
- Department of Biochemistry CIIL, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Sahar Ghassem-Zadeh
- Department of Biochemistry CIIL, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Li Zhang
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hans Acha-Orbea
- Department of Biochemistry CIIL, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Driss Ehirchiou
- Department of Biochemistry CIIL, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
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Abstract
Immunotherapy using dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination is an approved approach for harnessing the potential of a patient's own immune system to eliminate tumor cells in metastatic hormone-refractory cancer. Overall, although many DC vaccines have been tested in the clinic and proven to be immunogenic, and in some cases associated with clinical outcome, there remains no consensus on how to manufacture DC vaccines. In this review we will discuss what has been learned thus far about human DC biology from clinical studies, and how current approaches to apply DC vaccines in the clinic could be improved to enhance anti-tumor immunity.
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Godefroy E, Liu Y, Shi P, Mitchell WB, Cohen D, Chou ST, Manwani D, Yazdanbakhsh K. Altered heme-mediated modulation of dendritic cell function in sickle cell alloimmunization. Haematologica 2016; 101:1028-38. [PMID: 27229712 PMCID: PMC5060019 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.147181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Transfusions are the main treatment for patients with sickle cell disease. However, alloimmunization remains a major life-threatening complication for these patients, but the mechanism underlying pathogenesis of alloimmunization is not known. Given the chronic hemolytic state characteristic of sickle cell disease, resulting in release of free heme and activation of inflammatory cascades, we tested the hypothesis that anti-inflammatory response to heme is compromised in alloimmunized sickle patients, increasing their risk of alloimmunization. Heme-exposed monocyte-derived dendritic cells from both non-alloimmunized sickle patients and healthy donors inhibited priming of pro-inflammatory CD4(+) type 1 T cells, and exhibited significantly reduced levels of the maturation marker CD83. In contrast, in alloimmunized patients, heme did not reverse priming of pro-inflammatory CD4(+) cells by monocyte-derived dendritic cells or their maturation. Furthermore, heme dampened NF-κB activation in non-alloimmunized, but not in alloimmunized monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Heme-mediated CD83 inhibition depended on Toll-like receptor 4 but not heme oxygenase 1. These data suggest that extracellular heme limits CD83 expression on dendritic cells in non-alloimmunized sickle patients through a Toll-like receptor 4-mediated pathway, involving NF-κB, resulting in dampening of pro-inflammatory responses, but that in alloimmunized patients this pathway is defective. This opens up the possibility of developing new therapeutic strategies to prevent sickle cell alloimmunization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yunfeng Liu
- Laboratory of Complement Biology, New York Blood Center, NY
| | | | | | | | | | - Deepa Manwani
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology - Children's Hospital at Montefiore, New York, NY, USA
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Olivar R, Luque A, Cárdenas-Brito S, Naranjo-Gómez M, Blom AM, Borràs FE, Rodriguez de Córdoba S, Zipfel PF, Aran JM. The Complement Inhibitor Factor H Generates an Anti-Inflammatory and Tolerogenic State in Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:4274-90. [PMID: 27076676 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The activation of the complement system is a key initiating step in the protective innate immune-inflammatory response against injury, although it may also cause harm if left unchecked. The structurally related soluble complement inhibitors C4b-binding protein (C4BP) and factor H (FH) exert a tight regulation of the classical/lectin and alternative pathways of complement activation, respectively, attenuating the activity of the C3/C5 convertases and, consequently, avoiding serious damage to host tissues. We recently reported that the acute-phase C4BP isoform C4BP lacking the β-chain plays a pivotal role in the modulation of the adaptive immune responses. In this study, we demonstrate that FH acts in the early stages of monocyte to dendritic cell (DC) differentiation and is able to promote a distinctive tolerogenic and anti-inflammatory profile on monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) challenged by a proinflammatory stimulus. Accordingly, FH-treated and LPS-matured MoDCs are characterized by altered cytoarchitecture, resembling immature MoDCs, lower expression of the maturation marker CD83 and the costimulatory molecules CD40, CD80, and CD86, decreased production of key proinflammatory Th1-cytokines (IL-12, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-8), and preferential production of immunomodulatory mediators (IL-10 and TGF-β). Moreover, FH-treated MoDCs show low Ag uptake and, when challenged with LPS, display reduced CCR7 expression and chemotactic migration, impaired CD4(+) T cell alloproliferation, inhibition of IFN-γ secretion by the allostimulated T cells, and, conversely, induction of CD4(+)CD127(low/negative)CD25(high)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells. Thus, this novel noncanonical role of FH as an immunological brake able to directly affect the function of MoDCs in an inflammatory environment may exhibit therapeutic potential in hypersensitivity, transplantation, and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rut Olivar
- Human Molecular Genetics Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Luque
- Human Molecular Genetics Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Cárdenas-Brito
- Human Molecular Genetics Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Naranjo-Gómez
- Innovation in Vesicles and Cells for Application Therapy Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Sciences Research Institute, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain; Nephrology Service, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna M Blom
- Section of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Francesc E Borràs
- Innovation in Vesicles and Cells for Application Therapy Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Health Sciences Research Institute, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain; Nephrology Service, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Peter F Zipfel
- Department of Infection Biology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Products Research and Infection Biology, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Josep M Aran
- Human Molecular Genetics Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain;
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Maggadottir SM, Li J, Glessner JT, Li YR, Wei Z, Chang X, Mentch FD, Thomas KA, Kim CE, Zhao Y, Hou C, Wang F, Jørgensen SF, Perez EE, Sullivan KE, Orange JS, Karlsen TH, Chapel H, Cunningham-Rundles C, Hakonarson H. Rare variants at 16p11.2 are associated with common variable immunodeficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 135:1569-77. [PMID: 25678086 PMCID: PMC4461447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.12.1939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is characterized clinically by inadequate quantity and quality of serum immunoglobulins with increased susceptibility to infections, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Only a few genes have been uncovered, and the genetic background of CVID remains elusive to date for the majority of patients. OBJECTIVE We sought to seek novel associations of genes and genetic variants with CVID. METHODS We performed association analyses in a discovery cohort of 164 patients with CVID and 19,542 healthy control subjects genotyped on the Immuno BeadChip from Illumina platform; replication of findings was examined in an independent cohort of 135 patients with CVID and 2,066 healthy control subjects, followed by meta-analysis. RESULTS We identified 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the 16p11.2 locus associated with CVID at a genome-wide significant level in the discovery cohort. The most significant SNP, rs929867 (P = 6.21 × 10(-9)), is in the gene fused-in-sarcoma (FUS), with 4 other SNPs mapping to integrin CD11b (ITGAM). Results were confirmed in our replication cohort. Conditional association analysis suggests a single association signal at the 16p11.2 locus. A strong trend of association was also seen for 38 SNPs (P < 5 × 10(-5)) in the MHC region, supporting that this is a genuine CVID locus. Interestingly, we found that 80% of patients with the rare ITGAM variants have reduced switched memory B-cell counts. CONCLUSION We report a novel association of CVID with rare variants at the FUS/ITGAM (CD11b) locus on 16p11.2. The association signal is enriched for promoter/enhancer markers in the ITGAM gene. ITGAM encodes the integrin CD11b, a part of complement receptor 3, a novel candidate gene implicated here for the first time in the pathogenesis of CVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Melkorka Maggadottir
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Jin Li
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Joseph T Glessner
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Yun Rose Li
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Zhi Wei
- Department of Computer Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ
| | - Xiao Chang
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Frank D Mentch
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Kelly A Thomas
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Cecilia E Kim
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Yan Zhao
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Cuiping Hou
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Fengxiang Wang
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Silje F Jørgensen
- K.G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elena E Perez
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida, St Petersburg, Fla
| | - Kathleen E Sullivan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Jordan S Orange
- Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Tex
| | - Tom H Karlsen
- K.G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, Surgery and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Helen Chapel
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford and Oxford Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.
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28
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Photosensitivity, apoptosis, and cytokines in the pathogenesis of lupus erythematosus: a critical review. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2015; 47:148-62. [PMID: 24420508 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-013-8403-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The underlying pathomechanisms of lupus erythematosus (LE), a multifactorial autoimmune disease, remain elusive. Due to the clinical evidence demonstrating a clear relationship between ultraviolet (UV) light exposure and skin lesions of LE, photosensitivity has been proven to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of the disease. Standardised photoprovocation with UVA and UVB irradiation has been shown to be a reliable model for evaluating photosensitivity in patients with cutaneous LE (CLE) and analysing the underlying medical conditions of the disease. In this respect, UV irradiation can cause aberrant induction of apoptosis in keratinocytes and contribute to the appearance of excessive apoptotic cells in the skin of CLE patients. Moreover, apoptotic cells that cannot be cleared by phagocytes may undergo secondary necrosis and release proinflammatory compounds and potential autoantigens, which may contribute to the inflammatory micromilieu that leads to formation of skin lesions in the disease. In addition to UV-mediated induction of apoptosis, the molecular and cellular factors that may cause the abnormal long-lasting photoreactivity in CLE include mediators of inflammation, such as cytokines and chemokines. In particular, interferons (IFNs) are important players in the early activation of the immune system and have a specific role in the immunological interface between the innate and the adaptive immune system. The fact that treatment with recombinant type I IFNs (α and β) can induce not only systemic organ manifestations but also LE-like skin lesions provides additional evidence for a pathogenetic role of these IFNs in the disease.
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Scott D, Botto M. The paradoxical roles of C1q and C3 in autoimmunity. Immunobiology 2015; 221:719-25. [PMID: 26001732 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In this review we will focus on the links between complement and autoimmune diseases and will highlight how animal models have provided insights into the manner by which C1q and C3 act to modulate both adaptive and innate immune responses. In particular we will highlight how C1q may not only act as initiator of the classical complement pathway, but can also mediate multiple immune responses in a complement activation independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Scott
- Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Marina Botto
- Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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30
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Licona-Limón I, Garay-Canales CA, Muñoz-Paleta O, Ortega E. CD13 mediates phagocytosis in human monocytic cells. J Leukoc Biol 2015; 98:85-98. [PMID: 25934926 PMCID: PMC7167067 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.2a0914-458r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The myelomonocytic marker aminopeptidase N/CD13 is a novel phagocytic receptor in monocytes and macrophages. CD13 is a membrane‐bound ectopeptidase, highly expressed on monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. CD13 is involved in diverse functions, including degradation of peptide mediators, cellular adhesion, migration, viral endocytosis, signaling, and positive modulation of phagocytosis mediated by FcγRs and other phagocytic receptors. In this work, we explored whether besides acting as an accessory receptor, CD13 by itself is a primary phagocytic receptor. We found that hCD13 mediates efficient phagocytosis of large particles (erythrocytes) modified so as to interact with the cell only through CD13 in human macrophages and THP‐1 monocytic cells. The extent of this phagocytosis is comparable with the phagocytosis mediated through the canonical phagocytic receptor FcγRI. Furthermore, we demonstrated that hCD13 expression in the nonphagocytic cell line HEK293 is sufficient to enable these cells to internalize particles bound through hCD13. CD13‐mediated phagocytosis is independent of other phagocytic receptors, as it occurs in the absence of FcγRs, CR3, and most phagocytic receptors. Phagocytosis through CD13 is independent of its enzymatic activity but is dependent on actin rearrangement and activation of PI3K and is partially dependent on Syk activation. Moreover, the cross‐linking of CD13 with antibodies rapidly induced pSyk in human macrophages. Finally, we observed that antibody‐mediated cross‐linking of hCD13, expressed in the murine macrophage‐like J774 cell line, induces production of ROS. These results demonstrate that CD13 is a fully competent phagocytic receptor capable of mediating internalization of large particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana Licona-Limón
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico D.F., México
| | - Claudia A Garay-Canales
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico D.F., México
| | - Ofelia Muñoz-Paleta
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico D.F., México
| | - Enrique Ortega
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico D.F., México
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31
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Linke B, Abeler-Dörner L, Jahndel V, Kurz A, Mahr A, Pfrang S, Linke L, Krammer PH, Weyd H. The tolerogenic function of annexins on apoptotic cells is mediated by the annexin core domain. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:5233-42. [PMID: 25917090 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Immunological tolerance is constantly being maintained in the periphery by dendritic cells processing material from apoptotic cells (ACs) in the steady-state. Although research has focused on the uptake of ACs by phagocytes, tolerogenic signals exposed by the ACs are much less well defined. In this article, we show that the annexin (Anx) family members AnxA5 and AnxA13 translocate to the surface of ACs to function as redundant tolerogenic signals in vitro and in vivo. Exposure of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells to AnxA5 or AnxA13 in vitro resulted in the inhibition of both proinflammatory cytokine secretion and the upregulation of costimulatory molecules upon TLR stimulation. The highly conserved Anx core domain was sufficient to mediate these effects, whereas recognition by N-formyl peptide receptor family members was dispensable. In vivo, coinjection of OVA-expressing and Anx-expressing ACs prevented induction of Ag-specific CD8(+) T cells. Moreover, mice immunized with Anx-expressing ACs became refractory to an antigenic challenge. These results suggest that several Anxs contribute to AC-induced suppression of dendritic cell activation. Therefore, manipulating Anx-mediated immunosuppression may prove beneficial for patients with cancer or autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Linke
- Division of Immunogenetics, Tumor Immunology Program, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lucie Abeler-Dörner
- Division of Immunogenetics, Tumor Immunology Program, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Veronika Jahndel
- Division of Immunogenetics, Tumor Immunology Program, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Kurz
- Division of Immunogenetics, Tumor Immunology Program, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Mahr
- Division of Immunogenetics, Tumor Immunology Program, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Pfrang
- Division of Immunogenetics, Tumor Immunology Program, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Linda Linke
- Division of Immunogenetics, Tumor Immunology Program, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter H Krammer
- Division of Immunogenetics, Tumor Immunology Program, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heiko Weyd
- Division of Immunogenetics, Tumor Immunology Program, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Abstract
Complement is traditionally known to be a system of serum proteins that provide protection against pathogens through direct cell lysis and the mobilization of innate and adaptive immunity. However, recent work indicates that the complement system has additional physiological roles beyond those in host defence. In this Opinion article, we describe the new modes and locations of complement activation that enable it to interact with other cell effector systems, such as growth factor receptors, inflammasomes and metabolic pathways. We propose that the location of complement activation dictates its function.
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Ellegård R, Crisci E, Burgener A, Sjöwall C, Birse K, Westmacott G, Hinkula J, Lifson JD, Larsson M. Complement opsonization of HIV-1 results in decreased antiviral and inflammatory responses in immature dendritic cells via CR3. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2014; 193:4590-601. [PMID: 25252956 PMCID: PMC4201991 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Immature dendritic cells (iDCs) in genital and rectal mucosa may be one of the first cells to come into contact with HIV-1 during sexual transmission of virus. HIV-1 activates the host complement system, which results in opsonization of virus by inactivated complement fragments, for example, iC3b. We investigated antiviral and inflammatory responses induced in human iDCs after exposure to free HIV-1 (F-HIV), complement-opsonized HIV-1 (C-HIV), and complement and Ab-opsonized HIV-1 (CI-HIV). F-HIV gave rise to a significantly higher expression of antiviral factors such as IFN-β, myxovirus resistance protein A, and IFN-stimulated genes, compared with C-HIV and CI-HIV. Additionally, F-HIV induced inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, whereas these responses were weakened or absent after C-HIV or CI-HIV exposure. The responses induced by F-HIV were TLR8-dependent with subsequent activation of IFN regulatory factor 1, p38, ERK, PI3K, and NF-κB pathways, whereas these responses were not induced by C-HIV, which instead induced activation of IFN regulatory factor 3 and Lyn. This modulation of TLR8 signaling was mediated by complement receptor 3 and led to enhanced infection. The impact that viral hijacking of the complement system has on iDC function could be an important immune evasion mechanism used by HIV-1 to establish infection in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rada Ellegård
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Elisa Crisci
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Adam Burgener
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9, Canada; National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3R2, Canada
| | - Christopher Sjöwall
- Division of Rheumatology/Autoimmunity and Immune Regulation Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden; and
| | - Kenzie Birse
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0J9, Canada; National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3R2, Canada
| | - Garrett Westmacott
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3R2, Canada
| | - Jorma Hinkula
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey D Lifson
- Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - Marie Larsson
- Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden;
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Immunosuppressive therapy in allograft transplantation: from novel insights and strategies to tolerance and challenges. Cent Eur J Immunol 2014; 39:400-9. [PMID: 26155155 PMCID: PMC4440012 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2014.45955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunosuppression therapy is the key to successful post-transplantation outcomes. The need for ideal immunosuppression became durable maintenance of long-term graft survival. In spite of current immunosuppressive therapy regimens advances, surgical procedures, and preservation methods, organ transplantation is associated with a long-term poor survival and significant mortality. This has led to an increased interest to optimize outcomes while minimizing associated toxicity by using alternative methods for maintenance immunosuppression, organ rejection treatment, and monitoring of immunosuppression. T regulatory (Treg) cells, which have immunosuppressive functions and cytokine profiles, have been studied during the last decades. Treg cells are able to inhibit the development of allergen-specific cell responses and consequently play a key role in a healthy immune response to allergens. Mature dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role in the differentiation of Tregs, which are known to regulate allergic inflammatory responses. Advance in long-standing allograft outcomes may depend on new drugs with novel mechanisms of action with minimal toxicity. Newer treatment techniques have been developed, including using novel stem cell-based therapies such as mesenchymal stem cells, phagosomes and exosomes. Immunoisolation techniques and salvage therapies, including photopheresis and total lymphoid irradiation have emerged as alternative therapeutic choices. The present review evaluates the recent clinical advances in immunosuppressive therapies for organ transplantation.
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36
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Thacker RI, Retzinger AC, Cash JG, Dentler MD, Retzinger GS. Extracellular transport of cell-size particles and tumor cells by dendritic cells in culture. Exp Mol Pathol 2013; 95:385-91. [PMID: 24145002 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Many particulate materials of sizes approximating that of a cell disseminate after being introduced into the body. While some move about within phagocytic inflammatory cells, others appear to move about outside of, but in contact with, such cells. In this report, we provide unequivocal photomicroscopic evidence that cultured, mature, human dendritic cells can transport in extracellular fashion over significant distances both polymeric beads and tumor cells. At least in the case of polymeric beads, both fibrinogen and the β2-integrin subunit, CD18, appear to play important roles in the transport process. These discoveries may yield insight into a host of disease-related phenomena, including and especially tumor cell invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert I Thacker
- Amnis Corporation, EMD-Millipore, Seattle, WA 98119, United States
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37
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Pessach I, Shimoni A, Nagler A. Apoptotic cells in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantations: "turning trash into gold". Leuk Lymphoma 2013; 53:2130-5. [PMID: 22553946 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2012.690099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HST) is an important therapeutic option for various malignant and non-malignant conditions. HST during first remission offers the best cure for patients for whom conventional chemotherapy alone is not sufficient. Yet, in spite of the high curative potential and recent advances in this treatment modality, it remains limited by transplant related toxicity and grant-versus-host disease (GVHD). Apoptotic cells, which used to be regarded as immunologically "bland," are now recognized as important modulators of immune responses. Taking into account the immunological properties of apoptotic cells and the nature of the side effects of HST, they have been administered simultaneously with hematopoietic stem cells in experimental transplantation models, in anticipation of improved outcome. Under these conditions, engraftment and full-donor chimerism are facilitated without significant generation of anti-apoptotic cell auto-antibodies. In addition they prevent alloimmunization, up-regulate T regulatory cells and reduce both the frequency and the severity of GVHD. These favorable effects require host macrophages and donor bone marrow plasmatoid dendritic cells, and are associated with tumor growth factor-β (TGF-β) production. To summarize, apoptotic cells can play a crucial role in the setting of transplantations, and may be viewed as "turning trash into gold." Clinical studies are underway.
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38
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Hostmann A, Kapp K, Beutner M, Ritz JP, Loddenkemper C, Ignatius R, Duchmann R, Daum S, Gröne J, Hotz H, Buhr HJ, Zeitz M, Ullrich R. Dendritic cells from human mesenteric lymph nodes in inflammatory and non-inflammatory bowel diseases: subsets and function of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Immunology 2013; 139:100-8. [PMID: 23278129 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) may be important regulators of both inflammatory and non-inflammatory mucosal immune responses but human studies are rare. Here we compare pDC from human MLN and peripheral blood (PB) by phenotype and function. MLN from patients with or without inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) undergoing colon surgery and PB from patients with IBD and from controls were used to isolate mononuclear cells. The pDC were analysed by flow cytometry for the expression of CD40, CD80, CD83, CD86, CCR6, CCR7, CX3CR1, CD103 and HLA-DR. Purified pDC from MLN and PB were stimulated with staphylococcus enterotoxin B (SEB), CpG-A, interleukin-3 (IL-3), SEB + IL-3, CpG-A + IL-3 or left unstimulated, and cultured alone or with purified allogeneic CD4(+) CD45RA(+) HLA-DR- T cells. Subsequently, concentrations of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, interferon-α (IFN-α), IFN-γ and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in culture supernatants were determined by multiplex bead array. The PB pDC from IBD patients exhibited an activated and matured phenotype whereas MLN pDC and control PB pDC were less activated. CpG-A and CpG-A + IL-3-stimulated MLN pDC secreted less IL-6 and TNF-α compared with PB pDC from controls. Compared with co-cultures of naive CD4 T cells with PB pDC, co-cultures with MLN pDC contained more IL-2, IL-10 and IFN-γ when stimulated with SEB and SEB + IL-3, and less IFN-α when stimulated with CpG-A. MLN pDC differ phenotypically from PB pDC and their pattern of cytokine secretion and may contribute to specific outcomes of mucosal immune reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwed Hostmann
- Medizinische Klinik I (Gastroenterologie, Infektiologie, Rheumatologie), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany.
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Ruiz P, Maldonado P, Hidalgo Y, Gleisner A, Sauma D, Silva C, Saez JJ, Nuñez S, Rosemblatt M, Bono MR. Transplant tolerance: new insights and strategies for long-term allograft acceptance. Clin Dev Immunol 2013; 2013:210506. [PMID: 23762087 PMCID: PMC3665173 DOI: 10.1155/2013/210506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
One of the greatest advances in medicine during the past century is the introduction of organ transplantation. This therapeutic strategy designed to treat organ failure and organ dysfunction allows to prolong the survival of many patients that are faced with no other treatment option. Today, organ transplantation between genetically dissimilar individuals (allogeneic grafting) is a procedure widely used as a therapeutic alternative in cases of organ failure, hematological disease treatment, and some malignancies. Despite the potential of organ transplantation, the administration of immunosuppressive drugs required for allograft acceptance induces severe immunosuppression in transplanted patients, which leads to serious side effects such as infection with opportunistic pathogens and the occurrence of neoplasias, in addition to the known intrinsic toxicity of these drugs. To solve this setback in allotransplantation, researchers have focused on manipulating the immune response in order to create a state of tolerance rather than unspecific immunosuppression. Here, we describe the different treatments and some of the novel immunotherapeutic strategies undertaken to induce transplantation tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Ruiz
- Departamento de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, 7800024 Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Ciencias Biomedicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, 8380453 Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula Maldonado
- Departamento de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, 7800024 Santiago, Chile
| | - Yessia Hidalgo
- Departamento de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, 7800024 Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandra Gleisner
- Departamento de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, 7800024 Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Sauma
- Departamento de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, 7800024 Santiago, Chile
- Fundacion Ciencia y Vida, 7780272 Santiago, Chile
| | - Cinthia Silva
- Departamento de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, 7800024 Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Jose Saez
- Departamento de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, 7800024 Santiago, Chile
| | - Sarah Nuñez
- Departamento de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, 7800024 Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Rosemblatt
- Departamento de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, 7800024 Santiago, Chile
- Fundacion Ciencia y Vida, 7780272 Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Andres Bello, 8370146 Santiago, Chile
| | - Maria Rosa Bono
- Departamento de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, 7800024 Santiago, Chile
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Lubong Sabado
- NYU Langone Medical Center Cancer Institute; New York University School of Medicine, New York; New York
| | - Nina Bhardwaj
- NYU Langone Medical Center Cancer Institute; New York University School of Medicine, New York; New York
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Ocaña-Morgner C, Götz A, Wahren C, Jessberger R. SWAP-70 restricts spontaneous maturation of dendritic cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 190:5545-58. [PMID: 23636062 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1203095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous maturation observed in dendritic cell (DC) cultures has been linked to their capacity to induce immune responses. Despite several recent studies, the mechanisms and signals triggering spontaneous maturation of DCs are largely unknown. We found that the absence of SWAP-70 causes spontaneous maturation of spleen- and bone marrow-derived DCs and, in vivo, of spleen-resident CD11c(+)CD11b(+)CD8α(-) DCs. Activation markers, cross-presentation of exogenous Ags, and activation of CD8(+) T cells are much increased in Swap-70(-/-) DCs. Spontaneous maturation of Swap-70(-/-) DCs depends on cell-cell contact and does not involve β-catenin signaling. SWAP-70 is known to regulate integrin activity. Signaling through the integrin CD11b (αM) subunit increases spontaneous maturation of wild-type (wt), but not of Swap-70(-/-) DCs. Signaling through the CD18 (β2) subunit decreases spontaneous maturation of wt and Swap-70(-/-) DCs. Constitutive activation of RhoA in Swap-70(-/-) DCs was determined as a key mechanism causing the increased spontaneous maturation. Inhibition of RhoA early, but not late, in the activation process reduces spontaneous maturation in Swap-70(-/-) DCs to wt levels. Inhibition of RhoA activation during CD11b integrin activation had a significant effect only in Swap-70(-/-) but not in wt DCs. Together, our data suggest that integrin-mediated spontaneous maturation of wt DCs does not depend on active RhoA, whereas the increase in spontaneous maturation of Swap-70(-/-) DCs is supported by integrin CD11b and by hyperactive RhoA. Thus, SWAP-70 deficiency reveals two pathways that contribute to spontaneous maturation of DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Ocaña-Morgner
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
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Annexin A1 on the surface of early apoptotic cells suppresses CD8+ T cell immunity. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62449. [PMID: 23638088 PMCID: PMC3640057 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevention of an immune response against self-antigens derived from apoptotic cells is essential to preclude autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases. Here, we describe apoptosis induced externalization of endogenous cytosolic annexin 1 initiating an anti-inflammatory effector mechanism that suppresses the immune response against antigens of apoptotic cells. Cytosolic annexin 1 rapidly translocated to the apoptotic cell surface and inhibited dendritic cell (DC) activation induced by Toll like receptors (TLR). Annexin 1-inhibited DC showed strongly reduced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. TNF and IL-12) and costimulatory surface molecules (e.g. CD40 and CD86), while anti-inflammatory mediators like PD-L1 remained unchanged. T cells stimulated by such DC lacked secretion of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and TNF but retained IL-10 secretion. In mice, annexin 1 prevented the development of inflammatory DC and suppressed the cellular immune response against the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) expressed in apoptotic cells. Furthermore, annexin 1 on apoptotic cells compromised OVA-specific tumor vaccination and impaired rejection of an OVA-expressing tumor. Thus, our results provide a molecular mechanism for the suppressive activity of apoptotic cells on the immune response towards apoptotic cell-derived self-antigens. This process may play an important role in prevention of autoimmune diseases and of the immune response against cancer.
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Phagocytosis is the main CR3-mediated function affected by the lupus-associated variant of CD11b in human myeloid cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57082. [PMID: 23451151 PMCID: PMC3579793 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The CD11b/CD18 integrin (complement receptor 3, CR3) is a surface receptor on monocytes, neutrophils, macrophages and dendritic cells that plays a crucial role in several immunological processes including leukocyte extravasation and phagocytosis. The minor allele of a non-synonymous CR3 polymorphism (rs1143679, conversation of arginine to histidine at position 77: R77H) represents one of the strongest genetic risk factor in human systemic lupus erythematosus, with heterozygosity (77R/H) being the most common disease associated genotype. Homozygosity for the 77H allele has been reported to reduce adhesion and phagocytosis in human monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages, respectively, without affecting surface expression of CD11b. Herein we comprehensively assessed the influence of R77H on different CR3-mediated activities in monocytes, neutrophils, macrophages and dendritic cells. R77H did not alter surface expression of CD11b including its active form in any of these cell types. Using two different iC3b-coated targets we found that the uptake by heterozygous 77R/H macrophages, monocytes and neutrophils was significantly reduced compared to 77R/R cells. Allele-specific transduced immortalized macrophage cell lines demonstrated that the minor allele, 77H, was responsible for the impaired phagocytosis. R77H did not affect neutrophil adhesion, neutrophil transmigration in vivo or Toll-like receptor 7/8-mediated cytokine release by monocytes or dendritic cells with or without CR3 pre-engagement by iC3b-coated targets. Our findings demonstrate that the reduction in CR3-mediated phagocytosis associated with the 77H CD11b variant is not macrophage-restricted but demonstrable in other CR3-expressing professional phagocytic cells. The association between 77H and susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus most likely relates to impaired waste disposal, a key component of lupus pathogenesis.
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Xue ZH, Feng C, Liu WL, Tan SM. A role of kindlin-3 in integrin αMβ2 outside-in signaling and the Syk-Vav1-Rac1/Cdc42 signaling axis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56911. [PMID: 23437269 PMCID: PMC3577682 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins mediate cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix attachments. Integrins are signaling receptors because their cytoplasmic tails are docking sites for cytoskeletal and signaling proteins. Kindlins are a family of band 4.1-ezrin-radixin-moesin-containing intracellular proteins. Apart from regulating integrin ligand-binding affinity, recent evidence suggests that kindlins are involved in integrin outside-in signaling. Kindlin-3 is expressed in platelets, hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells. In humans, loss of kindlin-3 expression accounts for the rare autosomal disease leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) type III that is characterized by bleeding disorders and defective recruitment of leukocytes into sites of infection. Studies have shown that the loss of kindlin-3 expression leads to poor ligand-binding properties of β1, β2 and β3 integrin subfamilies. The leukocyte-restricted β2 integrin subfamily comprises four members, namely αLβ2, αMβ2, αXβ2 and αDβ2. Integrin αMβ2 mediates leukocyte adhesion, phagocytosis, degranulation and it is involved in the maintenance of immune tolerance. Here we provide further evidence that kindlin-3 is required for integrin αMβ2-mediated cell adhesion and spreading using transfected K562 cells that expressed endogenous kindlin-3 but not β2 integrins. K562 stable cell line expressing si-RNA targeting kindlin-3, but not control-si-RNA, and transfected with constitutively activated integrin αMβ2N329S adhered and spread poorly on iC3b. We also show that kindlin-3 is required for the integrin αMβ2-Syk-Vav1 signaling axis that regulates Rac1 and Cdc42 activities. These findings reinforce a role for kindlin-3 in integrin outside-in signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hong Xue
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chen Feng
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei-Ling Liu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Suet-Mien Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
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Reed JH, Jain M, Lee K, Kandimalla ER, Faridi MH, Buyon JP, Gupta V, Clancy RM. Complement receptor 3 influences toll-like receptor 7/8-dependent inflammation: implications for autoimmune diseases characterized by antibody reactivity to ribonucleoproteins. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:9077-83. [PMID: 23386618 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.403303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling is an important component in the inflammatory response generated in diseases characterized by autoantibody reactivity to proteins such as SSA/Ro in complex with endogenous nucleic acids. Complement receptor 3 (CR3), a genetic variant of which has been identified as a risk factor in systemic lupus erythematosus, has been shown to induce tolerogenic responses in dendritic cells and suppress TLR4 responses in a murine sepsis model. Accordingly, this study addressed the hypothesis that activation of CR3, influenced by genotype of CD11b, negatively regulates TLR7/8-dependent effector function. Allosteric activation of CD11b via pretreatment with the small molecule, leukadhedrin 1 (LA1), significantly attenuated TLR7/8-induced (hY3 RNA, R848) secretion of TNFα in THP-1 cells and human macrophages isolated from donors homozygous for the ancestral common ITGAM allele at rs1143679. This inhibition was accompanied by profound degradation of the adaptor protein MyD88, an effect not observed with direct inhibition of TLR ligation by an antagonist oligonucleotide. In contrast, the addition of LA1 after incubation with the TLR agonists did not result in MyD88 degradation and subsequent attenuation of TNFα secretion. In TLR7/8-stimulated macrophages isolated from donors heterozygous for the CD11b variant, pretreatment with LA1 did not down-regulate TNFα release. These novel findings support a negative cross-talk between CR3 and TLR pathways likely to be induced by antibodies reactive with ribonucleoproteins and point to the development of CR3-specific agonists as potential therapeutics for diseases such as neonatal lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne H Reed
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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Frleta D, Ochoa CE, Kramer HB, Khan SA, Stacey AR, Borrow P, Kessler BM, Haynes BF, Bhardwaj N. HIV-1 infection-induced apoptotic microparticles inhibit human DCs via CD44. J Clin Invest 2012; 122:4685-97. [PMID: 23160198 DOI: 10.1172/jci64439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute HIV-1 infection results in dysregulated immunity, which contributes to poor control of viral infection. DCs are key regulators of both adaptive and innate immune responses needed for controlling HIV-1, and we surmised that factors elicited during acute HIV-1 infection might impede DC function. We derived immature DCs from healthy donor peripheral blood monocytes and treated them with plasma from uninfected control donors and donors with acute HIV-1 infections. We found that the plasma from patients with HIV specifically inhibited DC function. This suppression was mediated by elevated apoptotic microparticles derived from dying cells during acute HIV-1 infection. Apoptotic microparticles bound to and inhibited DCs through the hyaluronate receptor CD44. These data suggest that targeting this CD44-mediated inhibition by apoptotic microparticles could be a novel strategy to potentiate DC activation of HIV-specific immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davor Frleta
- New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York 10016, USA
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47
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CR3 is the dominant phagocytotic complement receptor on human dendritic cells. Immunobiology 2012; 218:652-63. [PMID: 22906751 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2012.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) play a decisive role in immunity; they interact with various pathogens via several pattern recognition and different opsonophagocytotic receptors, including Fc- and complement-receptors. β2-integrins, including complement receptors CR3 (CD11b/CD18) and CR4 (CD11c/CD18) participate in many immunological processes, especially those involving cell migration, adherence, and phagocytosis. Human monocyte derived dendritic cells (MDCs) are known to express CR3 as well as CR4, however possible differences regarding the role of these receptors has not been addressed so far. Our aim was to explore whether there is a difference between the binding and uptake of various complement-opsonized microorganisms, mediated by CR3 and CR4. Studying the expression of receptors during differentiation of MDCs we found that the appearance of CD11b decreased, whereas that of CD11c increased. Interestingly, both receptors were present in the cell membrane in an active conformation. Here we demonstrate that ligation of CD11b directs MDCs to enhanced phagocytosis, while the maturation of the cells and their inflammatory cytokine production are not affected. Blocking CD11c alone did not change the uptake of opsonized yeast or bacteria by MDCs. We confirmed these results using siRNA; namely downregulation of CD11b blocked the phagocytosis of microbes while silencing CD11c had no effect on their uptake. Our data clearly demonstrate that complement C3-dependent phagocytosis of MDCs is mediated mainly by CR3.
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The leucocyte β2 (CD18) integrins: the structure, functional regulation and signalling properties. Biosci Rep 2012; 32:241-69. [PMID: 22458844 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20110101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Leucocytes are highly motile cells. Their ability to migrate into tissues and organs is dependent on cell adhesion molecules. The integrins are a family of heterodimeric transmembrane cell adhesion molecules that are also signalling receptors. They are involved in many biological processes, including the development of metazoans, immunity, haemostasis, wound healing and cell survival, proliferation and differentiation. The leucocyte-restricted β2 integrins comprise four members, namely αLβ2, αMβ2, αXβ2 and αDβ2, which are required for a functional immune system. In this paper, the structure, functional regulation and signalling properties of these integrins are reviewed.
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Chua GL, Tang XY, Amalraj M, Tan SM, Bhattacharjya S. Structures and interaction analyses of integrin αMβ2 cytoplasmic tails. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:43842-43854. [PMID: 22052909 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.280164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins are heterodimeric (α and β subunits) signal transducer proteins involved in cell adhesions and migrations. The cytosolic tails of integrins are essential for transmitting bidirectional signaling and also implicated in maintaining the resting states of the receptors. In addition, cytosolic tails of integrins often undergo post-translation modifications like phosphorylation. However, the consequences of phosphorylation on the structures and interactions are not clear. The leukocyte-specific integrin αMβ2 is essential for myeloid cell adhesion, phagocytosis, and degranulation. In this work, we determined solution structures of the myristoylated cytosolic tail of αM and a Ser phosphorylated variant in dodecylphosphocholine micelles by NMR spectroscopy. Furthermore, the interactions between non-phosphorylated and phosphorylated αM tails with β2 tail were investigated by NMR and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). The three-dimensional structures of the 24-residue cytosolic tail of αM or phosphorylated αM are characterized by an N-terminal amphipathic helix and a loop at the C terminus. The residues at the loop are involved in packing interactions with the hydrophobic face of the helix. 15N-1H heteronuclear single quantum coherence experiments identified residues of αM and β2 tails that may be involved in the formation of a tail-tail heterocomplex. We further examined interactions between myristoylated β2 tail in dodecylphosphocholine micelles with dansylated αM tail peptides by FRET. These studies revealed enhanced interactions between αM or phosphorylated αM tails with β2 tail with Kd values ∼5.2±0.6 and ∼4.4±0.7 μm, respectively. Docked structures of tail-tail complexes delineated that the αM/β2 interface at the cytosolic region could be sustained by a network of polar interactions, ionic interactions, and/or hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geok-Lin Chua
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Xiao-Yan Tang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Monalisa Amalraj
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Suet-Mien Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
| | - Surajit Bhattacharjya
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
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Kovalcsik E, Lowe K, Fischer M, Dalgleish A, Bodman-Smith MD. Poly(I:C)-induced tumour cell death leads to DC maturation and Th1 activation. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2011; 60:1609-24. [PMID: 21691724 PMCID: PMC11028976 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-011-1058-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) have the ability to generate peptide epitopes for MHC class I molecules derived from apoptotic tumour cells for direct recognition by cytotoxic T cells. This function has lead to DCs being used in vaccine strategies. In this study, we investigate the effect of inducing apoptosis in tumour cell lines using IFN-γ and poly(I:C), the subsequent maturation of the endocytosing DC and its ability to direct the resulting T cell response. We show that uptake of poly(I:C)-induced apoptotic tumour cells leads to DC maturation and activation with a Th1 cell polarising capacity. In contrast, these effects are not seen by DCs loaded with γ-irradiated apoptotic tumour cells. We propose that the manner in which tumour cells are induced to die can have a profound effect on the endocytosing DC and the resulting T cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edit Kovalcsik
- Systems Immunology Group, Cellular and Molecular Medicine, St George’s University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 ORE UK
| | - Katie Lowe
- Systems Immunology Group, Cellular and Molecular Medicine, St George’s University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 ORE UK
| | - Mike Fischer
- Systems Immunology Group, Cellular and Molecular Medicine, St George’s University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 ORE UK
| | - Angus Dalgleish
- Systems Immunology Group, Cellular and Molecular Medicine, St George’s University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 ORE UK
| | - Mark D. Bodman-Smith
- Systems Immunology Group, Cellular and Molecular Medicine, St George’s University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 ORE UK
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