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Guan J, Jakob U. The Protein Scaffolding Functions of Polyphosphate. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168504. [PMID: 38423453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2024.168504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP), one of the first high-energy compound on earth, defies its extreme compositional and structural simplicity with an astoundingly wide array of biological activities across all domains of life. However, the underlying mechanism of such functional pleiotropy remains largely elusive. In this review, we will summarize recent studies demonstrating that this simple polyanion stabilizes protein folding intermediates and scaffolds select native proteins. These functions allow polyP to act as molecular chaperone that protects cells against protein aggregation, as pro-amyloidogenic factor that accelerates both physiological and disease-associated amyloid formation, and as a modulator of liquid-liquid phase separation processes. These activities help to explain polyP's known roles in bacterial stress responses and pathogenicity, provide the mechanistic foundation for its potential role in human neurodegenerative diseases, and open a new direction regarding its influence on gene expression through condensate formation. We will highlight critical unanswered questions and point out potential directions that will help to further understand the pleiotropic functions of this ancient and ubiquitous biopolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Guan
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ursula Jakob
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Biological Chemistry Department, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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2
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Malik RA, Zhou J, Fredenburgh JC, Crosby J, Revenko AS, Healey JS, Weitz JI. Histidine-Rich Glycoprotein Modulates the Toxic Effects of High-Dose Polyphosphate in Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:1658-1670. [PMID: 38752349 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.124.320899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyphosphate (polyP), a procoagulant released from platelets, activates coagulation via the contact system and modulates cardiomyocyte viability. High-dose intravenous polyP is lethal in mice, presumably because of thrombosis. Previously, we showed that HRG (histidine-rich glycoprotein) binds polyP and attenuates its procoagulant effects. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms responsible for the lethality of intravenous polyP in mice and the impact of HRG on this process. METHODS The survival of wild-type or HRG-deficient mice given intravenous synthetic or platelet-derived polyP in doses up to 50 mg/kg or saline was compared. To determine the contribution of thrombosis, the effect of FXII (factor XII) knockdown or enoxaparin on polyP-induced fibrin deposition in the lungs was examined. To assess cardiotoxicity, the ECG was continuously monitored, the levels of troponin I and the myocardial band of creatine kinase were quantified, and the viability of a cultured murine cardiomyocyte cell line exposed to polyP in the absence or presence of HRG was determined. RESULTS In HRG-deficient mice, polyP was lethal at 30 mg/kg, whereas it was lethal in wild-type mice at 50 mg/kg. Although FXII knockdown or enoxaparin administration attenuated polyP-induced fibrin deposition in the lungs, neither affected mortality. PolyP induced dose-dependent ECG abnormalities, including heart block and ST-segment changes, and increased the levels of troponin and myocardial band of creatine kinase, effects that were more pronounced in HRG-deficient mice than in wild-type mice and were attenuated when HRG-deficient mice were given supplemental HRG. Consistent with its cardiotoxicity, polyP reduced the viability of cultured cardiomyocytes in a dose-dependent manner, an effect attenuated with supplemental HRG. CONCLUSIONS High-dose intravenous polyP is cardiotoxic in mice, and HRG modulates this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rida A Malik
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (R.A.M., J.Z., J.C.F., J.I.W.)
- Department of Medical Sciences (R.A.M.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ji Zhou
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (R.A.M., J.Z., J.C.F., J.I.W.)
- Department of Medicine (J.Z., J.C.F., J.S.H., J.I.W.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - James C Fredenburgh
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (R.A.M., J.Z., J.C.F., J.I.W.)
- Department of Medicine (J.Z., J.C.F., J.S.H., J.I.W.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeff Crosby
- Department of Pulmonary and Oncology Drug Discovery, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Carlsbad, CA (J.C., A.S.R.)
| | - Alexey S Revenko
- Department of Pulmonary and Oncology Drug Discovery, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Carlsbad, CA (J.C., A.S.R.)
| | - Jeff S Healey
- Department of Medicine (J.Z., J.C.F., J.S.H., J.I.W.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (J.S.H.)
| | - Jeffrey I Weitz
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (R.A.M., J.Z., J.C.F., J.I.W.)
- Department of Medicine (J.Z., J.C.F., J.S.H., J.I.W.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences (J.I.W.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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3
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Morrissey JH. HRG to the Rescue. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:1671-1673. [PMID: 38924441 PMCID: PMC11210687 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.124.321178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- James H Morrissey
- Departments of Biological Chemistry and Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor
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Salmanipour S, Rezaie A, Alipour N, Ghahremani-Nasab M, Zakerhamidi MS, Akbari-Gharalari N, Mehdipour A, Salehi R, Jarolmasjed S. Development of Polyphosphate/Nanokaolin-Modified Alginate Sponge by Gas-Foaming and Plasma Glow Discharge Methods for Ultrarapid Hemostasis in Noncompressible Bleeding. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38919152 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Effective bleeding management strategies in uncontrollable and noncompressible massive hemorrhage are becoming important in both clinical and combat situations. Here, a novel approach was developed to create a superporous and highly absorbable hemostatic sponge through a facile chemical gas-foaming method by cross-linking long-chain polyphosphate along with nanokaolin and Ca2+ in an alginate structure to synergistically activate the coagulation pathway. Natural kaolin obtained from the Marand mine in East Azarbaijan was converted into pseudohexagonal-shaped kaolin nanoparticles (30 to 150 nm) using ball milling followed by a newly developed glow discharge plasma treatment method. The obtained ultralight sponges (>90% porosity) exhibit ultrarapid water/blood absorption capacity (∼4000%) and excellent shape memory, which effectively concentrates coagulation factors. The results of in vitro tests demonstrated that the proposed sponges exhibited enhanced blood clotting ability (BCI < 10%) and superior cohesion with red blood cells (∼100) and platelets (∼80%) compared to commercially available hemostatic products. The in vivo host response results exhibited biosafety with no systemic and significant local inflammatory response by hematological, pathological, and biochemical parameter assessments. In a rat femoral artery complete excision model, the application of alginate/k/polyp nanocomposite sponges resulted in a complete hemostasis time of 60 s by significant reduction of hemostasis time (∼6.7-8.3 fold) and blood loss (∼2-2.8-fold) compared to commercially available hemostatic agents (P < 0.001). In conclusion, distinct physical characteristics accompanied by unique chemical composition multifunctional sponges activate hemostasis synergistically by triggering the XII, XI, X, IX, V, and II factors and the contact pathway and have the ability of rapid hemostasis in noncompressible severe bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salar Salmanipour
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166-15731, Iran
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666-14733, Iran
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 11155-4563, Iran
| | - Ali Rezaie
- School of Process Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115-111, Iran
| | - Nastaran Alipour
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166-15731, Iran
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666-14733, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghahremani-Nasab
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166-15731, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Zakerhamidi
- Research Institute for Applied Physics and Astronomy, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
- Faculty of Physics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
| | - Naeimeh Akbari-Gharalari
- Department of Neurosciences and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166-15731, Iran
| | - Ahmad Mehdipour
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166-15731, Iran
| | - Roya Salehi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666-14733, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unite of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666-18559, Iran
| | - Seyedhosein Jarolmasjed
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
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MacArthur TA, Goswami J, Navarro SM, Vappala S, La CC, Yudin N, Zietlow J, Smith SA, Morrissey JH, Spears GM, Bailey KR, Dong JF, Kozar RA, Kizhakkedathu JN, Park MS. INHIBITORS OF INORGANIC POLYPHOSPHATE AND NUCLEIC ACIDS ATTENUATE IN VITRO THROMBIN GENERATION IN PLASMA FROM TRAUMA PATIENTS. Shock 2024; 61:848-854. [PMID: 38662595 PMCID: PMC11161192 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background: Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is a procoagulant polyanion. We assessed the impact of polyP inhibition on thrombin generation after trauma using the novel polyP antagonists, macromolecular polyanion inhibitor 8 (MPI 8), and universal heparin reversal agent 8 (UHRA-8). Methods: Plasma thrombin generation (calibrated automated thrombogram, CAT), in 56 trauma patients and 39 controls +/- MPI 8 and UHRA-8 (50 μg/mL), was expressed as lag time (LT, minutes), peak height (PH, nM), and time to peak (ttPeak, minutes), with change in LT (ΔLT) and change in ttPeak (ΔttPeak) quantified. Results expressed in median and quartiles [Q1, Q3], Wilcoxon matched-pairs testing, P < 0.05 significant. Results: Trauma patients had greater baseline PH than controls (182.9 [121.0, 255.2]; 120.5 [62.1, 174.8], P < 0.001). MPI 8 treatment prolonged LT and ttPeak in trauma (7.20 [5.88, 8.75]; 6.46 [5.45, 8.93], P = 0.020; 11.28 [8.96, 13.14]; 11.00 [8.95, 12.94], P = 0.029) and controls (7.67 [6.67, 10.50]; 6.33 [5.33, 8.00], P < 0.001; 13.33 [11.67, 15.33]; 11.67 [10.33, 13.33], P < 0.001). UHRA-8 treatment prolonged LT and ttPeak and decreased PH in trauma (9.09 [7.45, 11.33]; 6.46 [5.45, 8.93]; 14.02 [11.78, 17.08]; 11.00 [8.95, 12.94]; 117.4 [74.5, 178.6]; 182.9 [121.0, 255.2]) and controls (9.83 [8.00, 12.33]; 6.33 [5.33, 8.00]; 16.67 [14.33, 20.00]; 11.67 [10.33, 13.33]; 55.3 [30.2, 95.9]; 120.5 [62.1, 174.8]), all P < 0.001. Inhibitor effects were greater for controls (greater ΔLT and ΔttPeak for both inhibitors, P < 0.001). Conclusion: PolyP inhibition attenuates thrombin generation, though to a lesser degree in trauma than in controls, suggesting that polyP contributes to accelerated thrombin generation after trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taleen A. MacArthur
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Julie Goswami
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905
- Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 125 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901
| | - Sergio M. Navarro
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Sreeparna Vappala
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5
| | - Chanel C. La
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5
| | - Nikoli Yudin
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - John Zietlow
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Stephanie A. Smith
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - James H. Morrissey
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Grant M. Spears
- Clinical Statistics and Biostatistics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Kent R. Bailey
- Clinical Statistics and Biostatistics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Jing-Fei Dong
- Division of Hematology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Bloodworks Research Institute, 1551 Eastlake Avenue E, Seattle, WA 98102
| | - Rosemary A. Kozar
- Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S Greene St., Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5
| | - Myung S. Park
- Division of Trauma, Critical Care, and General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905
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Docampo R. Advances in the cellular biology, biochemistry, and molecular biology of acidocalcisomes. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2024; 88:e0004223. [PMID: 38099688 PMCID: PMC10966946 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00042-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYAcidocalcisomes are organelles conserved during evolution and closely related to the so-called volutin granules of bacteria and archaea, to the acidocalcisome-like vacuoles of yeasts, and to the lysosome-related organelles of animal species. All these organelles have in common their acidity and high content of polyphosphate and calcium. They are characterized by a variety of functions from storage of phosphorus and calcium to roles in Ca2+ signaling, osmoregulation, blood coagulation, and inflammation. They interact with other organelles through membrane contact sites or by fusion, and have several enzymes, pumps, transporters, and channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Docampo
- Department of Cellular Biology, Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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7
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Liu Y, Zhang Y, Yao W, Chen P, Cao Y, Shan M, Yu S, Zhang L, Bao B, Cheng FF. Recent Advances in Topical Hemostatic Materials. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:1362-1380. [PMID: 38373393 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Untimely or improper treatment of traumatic bleeding may cause secondary injuries and even death. The traditional hemostatic modes can no longer meet requirements of coping with complicated bleeding emergencies. With scientific and technological advancements, a variety of topical hemostatic materials have been investigated involving inorganic, biological, polysaccharide, and carbon-based hemostatic materials. These materials have their respective merits and defects. In this work, the application and mechanism of the major hemostatic materials, especially some hemostatic nanomaterials with excellent adhesion, good biocompatibility, low toxicity, and high adsorption capacity, are summarized. In the future, it is the prospect to develop multifunctional hemostatic materials with hemostasis and antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties for promoting wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Weifeng Yao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Peidong Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Yudan Cao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Mingqiu Shan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Sheng Yu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Li Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Beihua Bao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Fang-Fang Cheng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Centre of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province China
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8
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Chen S, Kong C, Yu N, Xu X, Li B, Zhang J. Management of non-compressible hemorrhage and re-bleeding by a liquid hemostatic polysaccharide floccuronic acid. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 257:128695. [PMID: 38072343 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Effective management of excessive bleeding requires liquid hemostatic agents, especially in scenarios involving uncompressible and postoperative hemorrhage. This study introduces the microbial exopolysaccharide floccuronic acid (FA) as a liquid hemostatic agent, characterized by a high weight average molecular weight of 2.38 × 108 Da. The investigation focuses on the flocculation effect, hemostatic efficiency in both in vitro and in vivo settings, elucidating its hemostatic mechanism, and assessing its safety profile. Results reveal that FA solution significantly accelerates the coagulation process, leading to the formation of compact clots while specifically interfering with fibrin. Notably, FA demonstrates excellent hemostatic effects in animal liver models and a rat arterial rebleeding model. The biocompatible and biodegradable characteristics further underscore FA's potential as a valuable liquid hemostatic material, particularly suited for non-compressible and re-bleeding scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijunyin Chen
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; Key laboratory of Metabolic Engineering and Biosynthesis Technology, Ministry of industry and information technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Changchang Kong
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; Key laboratory of Metabolic Engineering and Biosynthesis Technology, Ministry of industry and information technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Ning Yu
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; Key laboratory of Metabolic Engineering and Biosynthesis Technology, Ministry of industry and information technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; Key laboratory of Metabolic Engineering and Biosynthesis Technology, Ministry of industry and information technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Bing Li
- Nanjing Southern Element Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Nanjing 211899, China
| | - Jianfa Zhang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; Key laboratory of Metabolic Engineering and Biosynthesis Technology, Ministry of industry and information technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
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Chen R, Huang M, Xu P. Polyphosphate as an antithrombotic target and hemostatic agent. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:7855-7872. [PMID: 37534776 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01152f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Polyphosphate (PolyP) is a polymer comprised of linear phosphate units connected by phosphate anhydride bonds. PolyP exists in a diverse range of eukaryotes and prokaryotes with varied chain lengths ranging from six to thousands of phosphate units. Upon activation, human platelets and neutrophils release short-chain PolyP, along with other components, to initiate the coagulation pathway. Long-chain PolyP derived from cellular or bacterial organelles exhibits higher proinflammatory and procoagulant effects compared to short-chain PolyP. Notably, PolyP has been identified as a low-hemorrhagic antithrombotic target since neutralizing plasma PolyP suppresses the thrombotic process without impairing the hemostatic functions. As an inorganic polymer without uniform steric configuration, PolyP is typically targeted by cationic polymers or recombinant polyphosphatases rather than conventional antibodies, small-molecule compounds, or peptides. Additionally, because of its procoagulant property, PolyP has been incorporated in wound-dressing materials to facilitate blood hemostasis. This review summarizes current studies on PolyP as a low-hemorrhagic antithrombotic target and the development of hemostatic materials based on PolyP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Chen
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China.
| | - Mingdong Huang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Peng Xu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, P. R. China.
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10
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Vappala S, Smith SA, Kizhakkedathu JN, Morrissey JH. Inhibitors of Polyphosphate and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps. Semin Thromb Hemost 2023:10.1055/s-0043-1768936. [PMID: 37192652 PMCID: PMC10651799 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1768936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The contact pathway of blood clotting has received intense interest in recent years as studies have linked it to thrombosis, inflammation, and innate immunity. Because the contact pathway plays little to no role in normal hemostasis, it has emerged as a potential target for safer thromboprotection, relative to currently approved antithrombotic drugs which all target the final common pathway of blood clotting. Research since the mid-2000s has identified polyphosphate, DNA, and RNA as important triggers of the contact pathway with roles in thrombosis, although these molecules also modulate blood clotting and inflammation via mechanisms other than the contact pathway of the clotting cascade. The most significant source of extracellular DNA in many disease settings is in the form of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which have been shown to contribute to incidence and severity of thrombosis. This review summarizes known roles of extracellular polyphosphate and nucleic acids in thrombosis, with an emphasis on novel agents under current development that target the prothrombotic activities of polyphosphate and NETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreeparna Vappala
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; and Centre for Blood Research, Life Science Institute; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephanie A. Smith
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jayachandran N. Kizhakkedathu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; and Centre for Blood Research, Life Science Institute; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Chemistry; and School of Biomedical Engineering; University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - James H. Morrissey
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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11
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La CC, Smith SA, Vappala S, Adili R, Luke CE, Abbina S, Luo HD, Chafeeva I, Drayton M, Creagh LA, de Guadalupe Jaraquemada-Peláez M, Rhoads N, Kalathottukaren MT, Henke PK, Straus SK, Du C, Conway EM, Holinstat M, Haynes CA, Morrissey JH, Kizhakkedathu JN. Smart thrombosis inhibitors without bleeding side effects via charge tunable ligand design. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2177. [PMID: 37100783 PMCID: PMC10133246 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37709-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Current treatments to prevent thrombosis, namely anticoagulants and platelets antagonists, remain complicated by the persistent risk of bleeding. Improved therapeutic strategies that diminish this risk would have a huge clinical impact. Antithrombotic agents that neutralize and inhibit polyphosphate (polyP) can be a powerful approach towards such a goal. Here, we report a design concept towards polyP inhibition, termed macromolecular polyanion inhibitors (MPI), with high binding affinity and specificity. Lead antithrombotic candidates are identified through a library screening of molecules which possess low charge density at physiological pH but which increase their charge upon binding to polyP, providing a smart way to enhance their activity and selectivity. The lead MPI candidates demonstrates antithrombotic activity in mouse models of thrombosis, does not give rise to bleeding, and is well tolerated in mice even at very high doses. The developed inhibitor is anticipated to open avenues in thrombosis prevention without bleeding risk, a challenge not addressed by current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanel C La
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stephanie A Smith
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sreeparna Vappala
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Reheman Adili
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Bloodworks Research Institute, 1551 Eastlake Avenue E.; Ste. 100, Seattle, WA, 98102, USA
| | - Catherine E Luke
- Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Srinivas Abbina
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Haiming D Luo
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Irina Chafeeva
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Matthew Drayton
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Louise A Creagh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Nicole Rhoads
- Bloodworks Research Institute, 1551 Eastlake Avenue E.; Ste.100, Seattle, WA, 98102, USA
| | - Manu Thomas Kalathottukaren
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Peter K Henke
- Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Suzana K Straus
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Caigan Du
- Department of Urological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Edward M Conway
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- The School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michael Holinstat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Charles A Haynes
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - James H Morrissey
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Jayachandran N Kizhakkedathu
- Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- The School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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12
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Liu C, Liu C, Shi Z, Lu W, Liu Z, Liu S, Wang X, Wang X, Huang F. Sprayable surface-adaptive biocompatible membranes for efficient hemostasis via assembly of chitosan and polyphosphate. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 302:120360. [PMID: 36604047 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This work describes a hemostatic membrane system (or surface coating) based on spray-assisted layer-by-layer electrostatic assemblies of oppositely charged polyphosphate (polyP) and chitosan (Cs). The as-prepared membrane formed a robust micro-stratified porous structure with high flexibility. Both blood clotting test and rodent hepatic severe hemorrhage model revealed the excellent hemostatic performance of the membrane system, benefitting from the robust assembly and synergistic effect of polyP/Cs as well as membrane surface chemistry. Compared to Cs-topped membrane surface, polyP-sprayed one exhibited further improved hemostatic effect via promoting fibrin formation. Besides, comprehensive in vitro and in vivo evaluations demonstrated good biocompatibility and biodegradability of the membrane. The present approach that integrated the hemostasis-stimulating capability of polyP/Cs with facile spraying method is highly scalable and flexible, which is envisioned to be adapted readily for other hemostatic polyelectrolytes and surface functionalization of diverse existing hemostatic products on demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengkun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Zhuang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Wei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Shihai Liu
- Medical Research Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266550, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China.
| | - Fang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China.
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13
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Li XF, Lu P, Jia HR, Li G, Zhu B, Wang X, Wu FG. Emerging materials for hemostasis. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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Polyphosphate Activates von Willebrand Factor Interaction with Glycoprotein Ib in the Absence of Factor VIII In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214118. [PMID: 36430595 PMCID: PMC9692336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphosphate (polyP), a phosphate polymer released by activated platelets, may modulate various stages of hemostasis by binding to blood proteins. In this context, we previously reported that polyP binds to the von Willebrand factor (VWF). One of the most significant functions of VWF is to bind to and protect the blood circulating Factor VIII (FVIII). Therefore, here, we study the role of polyP in the VWF-FVIII complex in vitro and suggest its biological significance. Surface plasmon resonance and electrophoretic mobility assays indicated that polyP binds dynamically to VWF only in the absence of FVIII. Using the VWF Ristocetin Cofactor assay, the most accepted method for studying VWF in platelet adhesion, we found that polyP activates this role of VWF only at low levels of FVIII, such as in plasmas with chemically depleted FVIII and plasmas from severe hemophilia A patients. Moreover, we demonstrated that FVIII competes with polyP in the activation of VWF. Finally, polyP also increases the binding of VWF to platelets in samples from patients with type 2 and type 3 von Willebrand disease. We propose that polyP may be used in designing new therapies to activate VWF when FVIII cannot be used.
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15
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Komorowicz E, Kolev K. Fibrin structure, viscoelasticity and lysis face the interplay of biorelevant polyions. Curr Opin Hematol 2022; 29:244-250. [PMID: 35916559 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In the past 5 decades, heparins have been widely used as anticoagulants in the prevention and treatment of thrombosis. Subsequent development of heparin variants of various size and charge facilitated the discovery of their multiple biological actions and nonanticoagulant benefits. Platelet-derived or microbial polyphosphates, as well as DNA released in the course of neutrophil extracellular trap-formation are additional polyanions, which can modulate the development and stability of thrombi associated with cancer or inflammation. In this review, we focus on the size-dependent and electric charge-dependent modulatory effects of the three polyanions of different chemical structure. RECENT FINDINGS The polycationic histones have been recognized as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in several diseases related to inflammation and thrombosis. Since combating histones with activated protein C or heparin could cause unwanted bleeding, the quest for nonanticoagulant histone-neutralizing agents is ongoing. Polyanions may neutralize or exaggerate certain histone-mediated effects depending on their electric charge, size and histone effects under investigation. Several prothrombotic effects of polyphosphates and DNA are also size-dependent. SUMMARY The efficiency of future therapeutics targeting prothrombotic polyanions or histones is not a simple matter of electric charge, but may rely on a delicate combination of size, charge and chemical composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erzsébet Komorowicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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16
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Chang L, Chang R, Liu X, Ma X, Chen D, Wang Y, Li W, Qin J. Self-healing hydrogel based on polyphosphate-conjugated pectin with hemostatic property for wound healing applications. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 139:212974. [PMID: 35882131 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Self-healing hydrogels have important application in hemostasis and wound repairing. In this research, pectin based self-healing hydrogel was fabricated with conjugated polyphosphate for hemostatic and wound healing applications. The hydrogel formed without any stimulus and hydrogel kept its biocompatibility; at the same time, the hydrogel degraded completely by enzyme and in vivo. The polyphosphate conjugated hydrogel also showed self-healing property and sustained release performance with strong coagulation characteristic. More importantly, the in vivo experiment revealed that the polyphosphate conjugated hydrogel reduced the blood loss and hemostasis time in hemorrhage model; meanwhile, the hydrogel accelerated the wound repairing rate of the open wound by preventing bacterial invasion. Altogether, the PolyP conjugated hemostatic pectin-based hydrogel is a good candidate as wound dressing material applied in clinic or open wound repairing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Chang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding City 071002, China
| | - Ruixue Chang
- China Lucky Group Corporation, Baoding City 071002, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- Warrenmore Biotechnology Ltd., Handan 056002, China
| | - Xiangbo Ma
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis mechanism and control of inflammatory-autoimmune diseases in Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding City 071002, China
| | - Danyang Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding City 071002, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis mechanism and control of inflammatory-autoimmune diseases in Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding City 071002, China.
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis mechanism and control of inflammatory-autoimmune diseases in Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding City 071002, China
| | - Jianglei Qin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding City 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis mechanism and control of inflammatory-autoimmune diseases in Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding City 071002, China.
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17
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Polyphosphate nanoparticles enhance the fibrin stabilization by histones more efficiently than linear polyphosphates. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266782. [PMID: 35468161 PMCID: PMC9037942 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Beyond the three-dimensional fibrin network, the mechanical and lytic stability of thrombi is supported by the matrix of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) composed of polyanionic DNA meshwork with attached proteins including polycationic histones. Polyphosphates represent another type of polyanions, which in their linear form are known to enhance the fibrin stabilizing effects of DNA and histones. However, in vivo polyphosphates are also present in the form of nanoparticles (PolyP-NP), the interference of which with the fibrin/NET matrix is poorly characterized. Aims To compare the effects of linear and nanoparticulate polyphosphates, and their combinations with relevant NET components (DNA, histone H3) on fibrin formation, structure, and lysis in in vitro assays focusing on histone-polyphosphate interactions. Methods Transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering for stability of the PolyP-NP preparations. Turbidimetry for kinetics of fibrinogen clotting by thrombin and fibrin dissolution by tissue-type plasminogen activator/plasminogen. Scanning electron microscopy for fibrin structure. Surface plasmon resonance for strength of histone-PolyP interactions. Results Both linear PolyP and PolyP-NP accelerated the fibrin formation and slowed down its dissolution and these effects were strongly dependent on the number of individual PolyP particles and not on their size. Addition of DNA did not modify significantly the PolyP-NP effects on fibrin formation and lysis. Both linear and nanoparticulate PolyP counteracted the effect of histone in the acceleration of fibrinogen clotting by thrombin. PolyP-NP, but not linear PolyP enhanced the prolongation of lysis time in fibrin containing histone and caused more pronounced thickening of the fibrin fibers than the linear form. Finally, PolyP-NP bound weaker to histone than the linear form. Conclusions The interaction of PolyP with histone was a stronger modulator of fibrin formation and lysis than its interaction with DNA. In addition, the PolyP nanoparticles enhanced the thrombus stabilizing effects of histone more effectively than linear PolyP.
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18
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Majumdar S, Gupta S, Krishnamurthy S. Multifarious applications of bioactive glasses in soft tissue engineering. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:8111-8147. [PMID: 34766608 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01104a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE), a new paradigm in regenerative medicine, repairs and restores the diseased or damaged tissues and eliminates drawbacks associated with autografts and allografts. In this context, many biomaterials have been developed for regenerating tissues and are considered revolutionary in TE due to their flexibility, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. One such well-documented biomaterial is bioactive glasses (BGs), known for their osteoconductive and osteogenic potential and their abundant orthopedic and dental clinical applications. However, in the last few decades, the soft tissue regenerative potential of BGs has demonstrated great promise. Therefore, this review comprehensively covers the biological application of BGs in the repair and regeneration of tissues outside the skeleton system. BGs promote neovascularization, which is crucial to encourage host tissue integration with the implanted construct, making them suitable biomaterial scaffolds for TE. Moreover, they heal acute and chronic wounds and also have been reported to restore the injured superficial intestinal mucosa, aiding in gastroduodenal regeneration. In addition, BGs promote regeneration of the tissues with minimal renewal capacity like the heart and lungs. Besides, the peripheral nerve and musculoskeletal reparative properties of BGs are also reported. These results show promising soft tissue regenerative potential of BGs under preclinical settings without posing significant adverse effects. Albeit, there is limited bench-to-bedside clinical translation of elucidative research on BGs as they require rigorous pharmacological evaluations using standardized animal models for assessing biomolecular downstream pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyasi Majumdar
- Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Smriti Gupta
- Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Sairam Krishnamurthy
- Neurotherapeutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, India.
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19
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Gu JT, Jiao K, Li J, Yan JF, Wang KY, Wang F, Liu Y, Tay FR, Chen JH, Niu LN. Polyphosphate-crosslinked collagen scaffolds for hemostasis and alveolar bone regeneration after tooth extraction. Bioact Mater 2021; 15:68-81. [PMID: 35386354 PMCID: PMC8940764 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-extraction bleeding and alveolar bone resorption are the two frequently encountered complications after tooth extraction that result in poor healing and rehabilitation difficulties. The present study covalently bonded polyphosphate onto a collagen scaffold (P-CS) by crosslinking. The P-CS demonstrated improved hemostatic property in a healthy rat model and an anticoagulant-treated rat model. This improvement is attributed to the increase in hydrophilicity, increased thrombin generation, platelet activation and stimulation of the intrinsic coagulation pathway. In addition, the P-CS promoted the in-situ bone regeneration and alveolar ridge preservation in a rat alveolar bone defect model. The promotion is attributed to enhanced osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells. Osteogenesis was improved by both polyphosphate and blood clots. Taken together, P-CS possesses favorable hemostasis and alveolar ridge preservation capability. It may be used as an effective treatment option for post-extraction bleeding and alveolar bone loss. Statement of significance Collagen scaffold is commonly used for the treatment of post-extraction bleeding and alveolar bone loss after tooth extraction. However, its application is hampered by insufficient hemostatic and osteoinductive property. Crosslinking polyphosphate with collagen produces a modified collagen scaffold that possesses improved hemostatic performance and augmented bone regeneration potential. Polyphosphate-crosslinked collagen scaffold (P-CS) showed better hemostatic effect in healthy or anticoagulant-treated rats. The promoted bone regeneration ability of P-CS might also be related to the clot alteration caused by polyphosphate. P-CS has therapeutic potential in bleeding control and alveolar ridge preservation after tooth extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-ting Gu
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kai Jiao
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jian-fei Yan
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kai-yan Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fu Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Franklin R. Tay
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ji-hua Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li-na Niu
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Corresponding author. School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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20
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Asgharzadeh F, Barneh F, Fakhraie M, Adel Barkhordar SL, Shabani M, Soleimani A, Rahmani F, Ariakia F, Mehraban S, Avan A, Hashemzehi M, Arjmand MH, Behnam-Rassouli R, Jaberi N, Sayyed-Hosseinian SH, Ferns GA, Ryzhikov M, Jafari M, Khazaei M, Hassanian SM. Metformin inhibits polyphosphate-induced hyper-permeability and inflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 99:107937. [PMID: 34271418 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Circulating inflammatory factor inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) released from activated platelets could enhance factor XII and bradykinin resulted in increased capillary leakage and vascular permeability. PolyP induce inflammatory responses through mTOR pathway in endothelial cells, which is being reported in several diseases including atherosclerosis, thrombosis, sepsis, and cancer. Systems and molecular biology approaches were used to explore the regulatory role of the AMPK activator, metformin, on polyP-induced hyper-permeability in different organs in three different models of polyP-induced hyper-permeability including local, systemic short- and systemic long-term approaches in murine models. Our results showed that polyP disrupts endothelial barrier integrity in skin, liver, kidney, brain, heart, and lung in all three study models and metformin abrogates the disruptive effect of polyP. We also showed that activation of AMPK signaling pathway, regulation of oxidant/anti-oxidant balance, as well as decrease in inflammatory cell infiltration constitute a set of molecular mechanisms through which metformin elicits it's protective responses against polyP-induced hyper-permeability. These results support the clinical values of AMPK activators including the FDA-approved metformin in attenuating vascular damage in polyP-associated inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Asgharzadeh
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farnaz Barneh
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maryam Fakhraie
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Shabani
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atena Soleimani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzad Rahmani
- Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ariakia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Mehraban
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Milad Hashemzehi
- Tropical and Communicable Diseases Research Centre, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
| | | | - Reyhaneh Behnam-Rassouli
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Najmeh Jaberi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Mikhail Ryzhikov
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University, School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mohieddin Jafari
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Metabolic syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Metabolic syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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21
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Fluorometric Quantification of Human Platelet Polyphosphate Using 4',6-Diamidine-2-phenylindole Dihydrochloride: Applications in the Japanese Population. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147257. [PMID: 34298874 PMCID: PMC8307652 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphosphate (polyP), a biopolymer of inorganic phosphate, is widely distributed in living organisms. In platelets, polyP is released upon activation and plays important roles in coagulation and tissue regeneration. However, the lack of a specific quantification method has delayed the in-depth study of polyP. The fluorescent dye 4′,6-diamidine-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) has recently received attention as a promising probe for the visualization and quantification of cellular polyP levels. In this study, we further optimized quantification conditions and applied this protocol in quantification of platelet polyP levels in a Japanese population. Blood samples were collected from non-smoking, healthy Japanese subjects (23 males, 23 females). Washed platelets were fixed and probed with DAPI for fluorometric determination. PolyP levels per platelet count were significantly higher in women than that in men. A moderate negative correlation between age and polyP levels was found in women. Responsiveness to CaCl2 stimulation was also significantly higher in women than that in men. Overall, our optimized protocol requires neither purification nor degradation steps, reducing both the time and bias for reproducible quantification. Thus, we suggest that despite its low specificity, this DAPI-based protocol would be useful in routine laboratory testing to quantify platelet polyP levels efficiently and economically.
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22
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Chen D, Zhou X, Chang L, Wang Y, Li W, Qin J. Hemostatic Self-Healing Hydrogel with Excellent Biocompatibility Composed of Polyphosphate-Conjugated Functional PNIPAM-Bearing Acylhydrazide. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:2272-2283. [PMID: 33905651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Biocompatible self-healing hydrogels present an effective application as drug-releasing vehicles for tissue engineering and wound repairing. At the same time, the effective hemostatic property of the hydrogels also improves the application property as wound dressing materials. In this research, the PNIPAM-bearing acylhydrazide P(NIPAM-co-AH) was synthesized and then hemostatic polyphosphate (PolyP) was imported to prepare polyphosphate-conjugated P(NIPAM-co-AH) (PNAP). Through the acylhydrazone connection of PNAP and aldehyde functional PEO (PEO DA), the self-healing hydrogel with a hemostatic property was fabricated with good flexibility and sealing effect. The resultant hydrogels kept excellent biocompatibility and showed controlled drug release behavior. More importantly, the hydrogel accelerated the coagulation rate in vitro and presented a strong hemostatic effect as the binder in the hemorrhage model in vivo, which endow the hemostatic hydrogel with a very useful drug delivery carrier for wound healing applications or first aid treatment of the wounded in critical situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, China
| | - Xiangyang Zhou
- Medical College, Hebei University, Baoding City, Hebei Province 071002, China
| | - Limin Chang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Medical College, Hebei University, Baoding City, Hebei Province 071002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-Autoimmune Diseases in Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Medical College, Hebei University, Baoding City, Hebei Province 071002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-Autoimmune Diseases in Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jianglei Qin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071002, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis Mechanism and Control of Inflammatory-Autoimmune Diseases in Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
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Wu X, Li H. Incorporation of Bioglass Improved the Mechanical Stability and Bioactivity of Alginate/Carboxymethyl Chitosan Hydrogel Wound Dressing. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:1677-1692. [PMID: 35014515 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recently, hydrogel wound dressings were popular in wound healing because of their advantages over traditional gauze dressings. The alginate/carboxymethyl chitosan (SA/CMCS) hydrogel wound dressing has been widely studied because of its biocompatibility and antibacterial ability. However, the poor mechanical stability and lack of bioactivity limit their applications. Bioglass (BG) has been well acknowledged as a bioactive material, and SA/BG hydrogels have been reported to be able to promote wound healing. Calcium ions released from BG can further cross-link SA, which may enhance the mechanical stability of the SA/CMCS hydrogels. Therefore, in this study, BG was incorporated into SA/CMCS hydrogel in order to obtain a bioactive alginate/CMCS/BG (SA/CMCS/BG) hydrogel wound dressing with improved mechanical stability. Results showed that the Young's modulus of SA/CMCS/BG hydrogel was three times higher than that of SA/CMCS hydrogel. In addition to better antibacterial and coagulation properties, SA/CMCS/BG hydrogels possess stronger bioactivity than SA/CMCS hydrogels as they could accelerate skin wound closure by regulating the host inflammation responses, stimulating angiogenesis, and enhancing collagen deposition in wound sites, which suggests that SA/CMCS/BG hydrogels are good candidates for clinic wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
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24
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Whyte CS, Mutch NJ. uPA-mediated plasminogen activation is enhanced by polyphosphate. Haematologica 2021; 106:522-531. [PMID: 32029503 PMCID: PMC7849561 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.237966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase (uPA) differ in their modes of action. Efficient tPA-mediated plasminogen activation requires binding to fibrin. In contrast, uPA is fibrin independent and activates plasminogen in solution or when associated with its cellular receptor uPAR. We have previously shown that polyphosphate (polyP), alters fibrin structure and attenuates tPA and plasminogen binding to fibrin, thereby down-regulating fibrinolysis. Here we investigate the impact of polyP on uPA-mediated fibrinolysis. As previously reported polyP of an average chain length of 65 (polyP65) delays tPA-mediated fibrinolysis. The rate of plasmin generation was also delayed and reduced 1.6-fold in polyP65-containing clots (0.74 ± 0.06 vs. 1.17 ± 0.14 pM/s in P < 0.05). Analysis of tPA-mediated fibrinolysis in real-time by confocal microscopy was significantly slower in polyP65-containing clots. In marked contrast, polyP65 augmented the rate of uPA-mediated plasmin generation 4.7-fold (3.96 ± 0.34 vs. 0.84 ± 0.08 pM/s; P < 0.001) and accelerated fibrinolysis (t1/2 64.5 ± 1.7 min vs. 108.2 ± 3.8 min; P < 0.001). Analysis of lysis in real-time confirmed that polyP65 enhanced uPA-mediated fibrinolysis. Varying the plasminogen concentration (0.125 to 1 μM) in clots dose-dependently enhanced uPA-mediated fibrinolysis, while negligible changes were observed on tPA-mediated fibrinolysis. The accelerating effect of polyP65 on uPA-mediated fibrinolysis was overcome by additional plasminogen, while the down-regulation of tPA-mediated lysis and plasmin generation was largely unaffected. PolyP65 exerts opposing effects on tPA- and uPA-mediated fibrinolysis, attenuating the fibrin cofactor function in tPA-mediated plasminogen activation. In contrast, polyP may facilitate the interaction between fibrin-independent uPA and plasminogen thereby accelerating plasmin generation and downstream fibrinolysis.
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25
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A unique group of scabies mite pseudoproteases promotes cutaneous blood coagulation and delays plasmin-induced fibrinolysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0008997. [PMID: 33406071 PMCID: PMC7815109 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scabies, a highly contagious skin disease affecting more than 200 million people worldwide at any time, is caused by the parasitic mite Sarcoptes scabiei. In the absence of molecular markers, diagnosis requires experience making surveillance and control challenging. Superficial microthrombi in the absence of vasculitis in scabies-affected skin are a recognised, yet unexplained histopathological differential of scabies infection. This study demonstrates that a family of Scabies Mite Inactivated Cysteine Protease Paralogues (SMIPP-Cs) excreted by the mites plays a role in formation of scabies-induced superficial microthrombi. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A series of in vitro and ex vivo experiments involving two representative recombinant SMIPP-Cs was carried out. In the presence of SMIPP-Cs, the thrombin clotting time (TCT), fibrin formation and plasmin induced fibrinolysis were monitored in vitro. The ultrastructure of the SMIPP-C-modulated fibrin was analysed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Immuno-histological analyses were performed ex vivo, to localise the SMIPP-C proteins within scabies infected skin biopsies. SMIPP-Cs displayed pro-coagulant properties. They bound calcium ions, reduced the thrombin clotting time, enhanced the fibrin formation rate and delayed plasmin-induced fibrinolysis. The SMIPP-Cs associated with fibrin clots during fibrinogen polymerisation and did not bind to preformed fibrin. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the fibrin clots formed in the presence of SMIPP-Cs were aberrant and denser than normal fibrin clots. SMIPP-Cs were detected in microthrombi which are commonly seen in scabietic skin. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The SMIPP-Cs are the first scabies mite proteins found in sub-epidermal skin layers and their pro-coagulant properties promote superficial microthrombi formation in scabetic skin. Further research is needed to evaluate their potential as diagnostic or therapeutic target.
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26
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khoobi M, Moghimi M, Motlagh GH, Sorouri F, Haririan E. Cross-Linked Poly(acrylic acid) Hydrogel Loaded with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Egg White Proteins for Antimicrobial Application. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-020-01619-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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27
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Neilands J, Kinnby B. Porphyromonas gingivalis initiates coagulation and secretes polyphosphates - A mechanism for sustaining chronic inflammation? Microb Pathog 2020; 162:104648. [PMID: 33242642 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation resulting in destruction of tooth-supporting bone. Chronic inflammation is characterized by extravascular fibrin deposition. Fibrin is central to destruction of bone; monocytes bind to fibrin and form osteoclasts, thus providing a link between coagulation and the tissue destructive processes in periodontitis. The oral microbiome is essential to oral health. However, local ecological changes, such as increased biofilm formation, result in a dysbiotic microbiome characterized by an increase of protease-producing species e.g. Porphyromonas gingivalis. Proteases initiate inflammation and may cleave coagulation factors. Polyphosphates (polyP) may also provide bacteria with procoagulant properties similar to platelet-released polyP. P. gingivalis has also been found in remote locations related to vascular pathology and Alzheimer's disease. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate procoagulant activity of ten different species of oral bacteria present in oral health and disease as well as presence of polyP and fibrin formation in planktonic and biofilm bacteria. METHODS Oral bacteria were studied for protease production and procoagulant activity. The presence of polyP and formation of fibrin was observed using confocal microscopy. RESULTS P. gingivalis showed strong protease activity and was the only species exerting procoagulant activity. Confocal microscopy showed polyP intracellularly in planktonic bacteria and extracellularly after biofilm formation. Fibrin formation emanated from planktonic bacteria and from both bacteria and polyP in biofilm cultures. CONCLUSIONS The procoagulant activity of P. gingivalis could explain its role in chronic inflammation, locally in oral tissues as well as in remote locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Neilands
- Dept of Oral Biology and Pathology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Bertil Kinnby
- Dept of Oral Biology and Pathology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.
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28
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Mechanisms and biomarkers of cancer-associated thrombosis. Transl Res 2020; 225:33-53. [PMID: 32645431 PMCID: PMC8020882 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-associated thrombosis is a leading cause of non-cancer death in cancer patients and is comprised of both arterial and venous thromboembolism (VTE). There are multiple risk factors for developing VTE, including cancer type, stage, treatment, and other medical comorbidities, which suggests that the etiology of thrombosis is multifactorial. While cancer-associated thrombosis can be treated with anticoagulation, benefits of therapy must be balanced with the increased bleeding risks seen in patients with cancer. Although risk models exist for primary and recurrent VTE, additional predictors are needed to improve model performance and discrimination of high-risk patients. This review will outline the diverse mechanisms driving thrombosis in cancer patients, as well as provide an overview of biomarkers studied in thrombosis risk and important considerations when selecting candidate biomarkers.
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29
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Suess PM, Smith SA, Morrissey JH. Platelet polyphosphate induces fibroblast chemotaxis and myofibroblast differentiation. J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:3043-3052. [PMID: 32808449 PMCID: PMC7719587 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelets secrete many pro-wound healing molecules such as growth factors and cytokines. We found that releasates from activated human platelets induced the differentiation of cultured murine and human fibroblasts into a myofibroblast phenotype. Surprisingly, most of this differentiation-inducing activity was heat-stable, suggesting it was not due to the protein component of the releasates. Inorganic polyphosphate is a major constituent of platelet-dense granules and promotes blood coagulation and inflammation. OBJECTIVES We aim to investigate the contribution of polyphosphate on myofibroblast differentiating activity of platelet releasates. METHODS Using NIH-3T3 cells and primary human fibroblasts, we examined the effect of human platelet releasates and chemically synthesized polyphosphate on fibroblast differentiation and migration. RESULTS We found that the myofibroblast-inducing activity of platelet releasates was severely attenuated after incubation with a polyphosphate-degrading enzyme, and that fibroblasts responded to platelet-sized polyphosphate by increased levels of α-smooth muscle actin, stress fibers, and collagen. Furthermore, fibroblasts were chemotactic toward polyphosphate. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that platelet-derived polyphosphate acts as a cell signaling molecule by inducing murine and human fibroblasts to differentiate into myofibroblasts, a cell type known to drive both wound healing and fibrosing diseases. Polyphosphate therefore not only promotes early wound responses through enhancing fibrin clot formation, but also may play roles in the later stages of wound healing, and, potentially, progression of fibrotic diseases, by recruiting fibroblasts and inducing their differentiation into myofibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M. Suess
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Stephanie A. Smith
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - James H. Morrissey
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
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Roewe J, Stavrides G, Strueve M, Sharma A, Marini F, Mann A, Smith SA, Kaya Z, Strobl B, Mueller M, Reinhardt C, Morrissey JH, Bosmann M. Bacterial polyphosphates interfere with the innate host defense to infection. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4035. [PMID: 32788578 PMCID: PMC7423913 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17639-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphosphates are linear polymers and ubiquitous metabolites. Bacterial polyphosphates are long chains of hundreds of phosphate units. Here, we report that mouse survival of peritoneal Escherichia coli sepsis is compromised by long-chain polyphosphates, and improves with bacterial polyphosphatekinase deficiency or neutralization using recombinant exopolyphosphatase. Polyphosphate activities are chain-length dependent, impair pathogen clearance, antagonize phagocyte recruitment, diminish phagocytosis and decrease production of iNOS and cytokines. Macrophages bind and internalize polyphosphates, in which their effects are independent of P2Y1 and RAGE receptors. The M1 polarization driven by E. coli derived LPS is misdirected by polyphosphates in favor of an M2 resembling phenotype. Long-chain polyphosphates modulate the expression of more than 1800 LPS/TLR4-regulated genes in macrophages. This interference includes suppression of hundreds of type I interferon-regulated genes due to lower interferon production and responsiveness, blunted STAT1 phosphorylation and reduced MHCII expression. In conclusion, prokaryotic polyphosphates disturb multiple macrophage functions for evading host immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Roewe
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Georgios Stavrides
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marcel Strueve
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Arjun Sharma
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Federico Marini
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Amrit Mann
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephanie A Smith
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1085, USA
| | - Ziya Kaya
- Department of Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Strobl
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mathias Mueller
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Department of Biomedical Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Reinhardt
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - James H Morrissey
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1085, USA
| | - Markus Bosmann
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
- Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
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Dupuis A, Bordet JC, Eckly A, Gachet C. Platelet δ-Storage Pool Disease: An Update. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9082508. [PMID: 32759727 PMCID: PMC7466064 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet dense-granules are small organelles specific to the platelet lineage that contain small molecules (calcium, adenyl nucleotides, serotonin) and are essential for the activation of blood platelets prior to their aggregation in the event of a vascular injury. Delta-storage pool diseases (δ-SPDs) are platelet pathologies leading to hemorrhagic syndromes of variable severity and related to a qualitative (content) or quantitative (numerical) deficiency in dense-granules. These pathologies appear in a syndromic or non-syndromic form. The syndromic forms (Chediak–Higashi disease, Hermansky–Pudlak syndromes), whose causative genes are known, associate immune deficiencies and/or oculocutaneous albinism with a platelet function disorder (PFD). The non-syndromic forms correspond to an isolated PFD, but the genes responsible for the pathology are not yet known. The diagnosis of these pathologies is complex and poorly standardized. It is based on orientation tests performed by light transmission aggregometry or flow cytometry, which are supplemented by complementary tests based on the quantification of platelet dense-granules by electron microscopy using the whole platelet mount technique and the direct determination of granule contents (ADP/ATP and serotonin). The objective of this review is to present the state of our knowledge concerning platelet dense-granules and the tools available for the diagnosis of different forms of δ-SPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Dupuis
- INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; (A.E.); (C.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-38-821-2506
| | - Jean-Claude Bordet
- Laboratoire D’hématologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 Bd Pinel, CEDEX, 69677 Bron, France;
| | - Anita Eckly
- INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; (A.E.); (C.G.)
| | - Christian Gachet
- INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; (A.E.); (C.G.)
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32
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La CC, Takeuchi LE, Abbina S, Vappala S, Abbasi U, Kizhakkedathu JN. Targeting Biological Polyanions in Blood: Strategies toward the Design of Therapeutics. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:2595-2621. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Chen Y, Wu L, Li P, Hao X, Yang X, Xi G, Liu W, Feng Y, He H, Shi C. Polysaccharide Based Hemostatic Strategy for Ultrarapid Hemostasis. Macromol Biosci 2020; 20:e1900370. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201900370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeyi Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and EngineeringWenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Wenzhou Zhejiang 325011 China
| | - Lei Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and EngineeringWenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Wenzhou Zhejiang 325011 China
| | - Pengpeng Li
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and EngineeringWenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Wenzhou Zhejiang 325011 China
- School of Ophthalmology & OptometryEye HospitalSchool of Biomedical EngineeringWenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang 325027 China
| | - Xiao Hao
- Cardiovascular Division 1Hebei General Hospital Shijiazhuang Hebei 050051 China
| | - Xiao Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and EngineeringWenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Wenzhou Zhejiang 325011 China
| | - Guanghui Xi
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and EngineeringWenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Wenzhou Zhejiang 325011 China
| | - Wen Liu
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and EngineeringWenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Wenzhou Zhejiang 325011 China
| | - Yakai Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Hongchao He
- Department of UrologyShanghai Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200025 China
| | - Changcan Shi
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and EngineeringWenzhou InstituteUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Wenzhou Zhejiang 325011 China
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Sokolovskaya I, Kryachok I, Chorna I, Semeniv I, Kotuza A, Hryhorieva N, Plakhotnik O, Zarytska V, Zhuravel V, Kmetyuk Y, Kondratiuk A. Influence of exogenous, physiological and factors of chronic inflammatory process on indicators of disturbances of adaptive processes of the person. FRENCH-UKRAINIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.17721/fujcv8i2p183-202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in laboratory parameters can be caused by physical, chemical, biological and other external factors, depending on physiological conditions, in most cases they have an adaptive nature, and it is not always possible to distinguish them from physiological fluctuations. At the same time, obvious shifts in laboratory parameters may indicate a violation of adaptation processes and damage of tissues and organs, despite the absence of clinical manifestations of a disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Igor Semeniv
- Hospital "Feofania" the State Management of Affairs
| | | | - Nataliia Hryhorieva
- State Institution "DF Chebotareva Institute of Gerontology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine"
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Wang X, Liu Q, Sui J, Ramakrishna S, Yu M, Zhou Y, Jiang X, Long Y. Recent Advances in Hemostasis at the Nanoscale. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1900823. [PMID: 31697456 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201900823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and effective hemostatic materials have received wide attention not only in the battlefield but also in hospitals and clinics. Traditional hemostasis relies on materials with little designability which has many limitations. Nanohemostasis has been proposed since the use of peptides in hemostasis. Nanomaterials exhibit excellent adhesion, versatility, and designability compared to traditional materials, laying a good foundation for future hemostatic materials. This review first summarizes current hemostatic methods and materials, and then introduces several cutting-edge designs and applications of nanohemostatic materials such as polypeptide assembly, electrospinning of cyanoacrylate, and nanochitosan. Particularly, their advantages and working mechanisms are introduced. Finally, the challenges and prospects of nanohemostasis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Xiong Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterials & DevicesCollege of PhysicsQingdao University Qingdao 266071 China
| | - Qi Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterials & DevicesCollege of PhysicsQingdao University Qingdao 266071 China
| | - Jin‐Xia Sui
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterials & DevicesCollege of PhysicsQingdao University Qingdao 266071 China
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterials & DevicesCollege of PhysicsQingdao University Qingdao 266071 China
- Center for Nanofibers & NanotechnologyNational University of Singapore Singapore 119077 Singapore
| | - Miao Yu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterials & DevicesCollege of PhysicsQingdao University Qingdao 266071 China
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringColumbia University New York NY 10027 USA
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesQingdao University Qingdao 266071 China
| | - Xing‐Yu Jiang
- Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials & NanosafetyNational Center for Nanoscience & Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Yun‐Ze Long
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Nanomaterials & DevicesCollege of PhysicsQingdao University Qingdao 266071 China
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36
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Mihalko E, Brown AC. Clot Structure and Implications for Bleeding and Thrombosis. Semin Thromb Hemost 2019; 46:96-104. [PMID: 31614389 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1696944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The formation of a fibrin clot matrix plays a critical role in promoting hemostasis and wound healing. Fibrin dynamics can become disadvantageous in the formation of aberrant thrombus development. Structural characteristics of clots, such as fiber diameter, clot density, stiffness, or permeability, can determine overall clot integrity and functional characteristics that have implications on coagulation and fibrinolysis. This review examines known factors that contribute to changes in clot structure and the presence of structural clot changes in various disease states. These insights provide valuable information in forming therapeutic strategies for disease states where alterations in clot structure are observed. Additionally, the implications of structural changes in clot networks on bleeding and thrombus development in terms of disease states and clinical outcomes are also examined in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Mihalko
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Ashley C Brown
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina.,Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
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37
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Komorowicz E, Balázs N, Tanka-Salamon A, Varga Z, Szabó L, Bóta A, Longstaff C, Kolev K. Biorelevant polyanions stabilize fibrin against mechanical and proteolytic decomposition: Effects of polymer size and electric charge. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 102:103459. [PMID: 31604180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) containing DNA and histones is an essential mechanism in the neutrophil-mediated innate immunity. In thrombi the polyanionic DNA confers mechanical and lytic resistance to fibrin and heparins interfere with the effects of NET components. Heparins are polyanions used not only as therapeutic agents, but they are also released by mast cells at entry sites of pathogens. Platelets and microorganisms release a different type of polyanions (polyphosphates) of various size (in the range 60-1000 phosphate monomers). With the current study we aimed to evaluate if the stability of fibrin is influenced by the type of polyanion, its molecular size or relative electric charge. Fibrin structure was approached with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and pressure-driven permeation. An oscillation rheometer was used to investigate viscoelastic properties. Kinetic turbidimetric assays for the generation and dissolution of composite fibrin clots containing unfractionated heparin (UFH), and its partially or fully desulfated derivatives, as well as low molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), pentasaccharide (S5), and polyphosphates composed of 45 (P45), 100 (P100) or 700 (P700) monomers at average. The smaller polyanions P45, P100, LMWH, and S5 accelerated, whereas P700 and UFH retarded clot formation. All polyanions altered the fibrin structure: SEM and clot permeation showed thicker fibers with smaller (LMWH, S5, P700) or larger (UFH, P100) pores. All polyanions stabilized the clots mechanically, but the smaller P45, P100 and LMWH decreased the deformability of fibrin, whereas the large UFH and P700 increased the maximal bearable deformation of clots. Despite the size-dependent structural changes, all heparins caused a 10-15% prolongation of lysis-times with plasmin, and UFH-effects depended on sulfation patterns. The 20-35% prolongation of lysis-times caused by all polyphosphates was a kringle-dependent phenomenon, and was dampened in the presence of 6-aminohexanoate blocking the lysine-binding sites of plasmin. In summary, we found that polyanions of different chemical structure stabilize fibrin clots via size-dependent modulation of fibrin structure and kringle-dependent inhibition of plasmin-mediated fibrinolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erzsébet Komorowicz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nóra Balázs
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Tanka-Salamon
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Varga
- Department of Biological Nanochemsitry, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Szabó
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Bóta
- Department of Biological Nanochemsitry, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Colin Longstaff
- Biotherapeutics, Haemostasis Section, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, South Mimms, Potters Bar, UK
| | - Krasimir Kolev
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Elzoheiry M, Da'dara AA, Nation CS, El-Beshbishi SN, Skelly PJ. Schistosomes can hydrolyze proinflammatory and prothrombotic polyphosphate (polyP) via tegumental alkaline phosphatase, SmAP. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2019; 232:111190. [PMID: 31154018 PMCID: PMC6717558 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2019.111190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Schistosoma mansoni is a long-lived intravascular trematode parasite that can infect humans causing the chronic debilitating disease, schistosomiasis. We hypothesize that the action of host-interactive proteins found at the schistosome surface allows the worms to maintain a safe, anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory environment around them in the bloodstream. One such protein is the ˜60 kDa alkaline phosphatase SmAP which is known to be expressed in the outer tegument of all intravascular life stages. We demonstrate in this work that the parasites (schistosomula as well as adult males and females) can hydrolyze polyphosphate (polyP) - an anionic, linear polymer of inorganic phosphates that is produced and released by immune cells as well as by activated platelets and that induce proinflammatory and prothrombotic pathways. Purified recombinant SmAP can likewise cleave polyP and with a Km of 6.9 ± 1 mM. Finally, parasites whose SmAP gene has been suppressed by RNAi are significantly impaired in their ability to hydrolyze polyP. SmAP-mediated cleavage of polyP may contribute to the armamentarium of schistosomes that promotes their survival in the hostile intravascular habitat. This is the first report of any pathogen cleaving this bioactive metabolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Elzoheiry
- Department of Infectious Disease and Global Health, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA, USA; Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Akram A Da'dara
- Department of Infectious Disease and Global Health, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA, USA
| | - Catherine S Nation
- Department of Infectious Disease and Global Health, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA, USA
| | - Samar N El-Beshbishi
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Patrick J Skelly
- Department of Infectious Disease and Global Health, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA, USA.
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Ansari Hosseinzadeh V, Brugnara C, Emani S, Khismatullin D, Holt RG. Monitoring of blood coagulation with non-contact drop oscillation rheometry. J Thromb Haemost 2019; 17:1345-1353. [PMID: 31099102 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thromboelastography is widely used as a tool to assess the coagulation status of critical-care patients. It allows observation of changes in the material properties of whole blood brought about by clot formation and clot lysis. However, contact activation of the coagulation cascade at surfaces of thromboelastographic systems leads to inherent variability and unreliability in predicting bleeding or thrombosis risks, while also requiring large sample volumes. OBJECTIVES To develop a non-contact drop oscillation rheometry (DOR) method to measure the viscoelastic properties of blood clots and to compare the results with current laboratory standard measurements. METHODS Drops of human blood and plasma (5-10 μL) were acoustically levitated. Acoustic field modulation induced drop shape oscillations, and the viscoelastic properties of the sample were calculated by measuring the resonance frequency and damping ratio. RESULTS DOR showed sensitivity to coagulation parameters. An increase in platelet count resulted in an increase in the maximum clot stiffness. An increase in the calcium ion level enhanced the coagulation rate prior to saturation. An increase in hematocrit resulted in a higher rate of clot formation and increased clot stiffness. Comparison of the results with those obtained with thromboelastography showed that coagulation started sooner with DOR, but with a lower rate and lower maximum stiffness. CONCLUSIONS DOR can be used as a monitoring tool to assess blood coagulation status. The advantages of small sample size, the lack of contact and small strain (linear viscoelasticity) makes this technique unique for real-time monitoring of blood coagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlo Brugnara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sirisha Emani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Damir Khismatullin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - R Glynn Holt
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
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Tjärnlund‐Wolf A, Lassila R. Phenotypic characterization of haemophilia B – Understanding the underlying biology of coagulation factor IX. Haemophilia 2019; 25:567-574. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.13804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tjärnlund‐Wolf
- CSL Behring AB Danderyd Sweden
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Riitta Lassila
- Coagulation Disorders Unit, EHCCC, Hematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center and HUSLAB Helsinki University Hospital University of Helsinki, Research Program Unit in Systems Oncology Helsinki Finland
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Kattula S, Byrnes JR, Wolberg AS. Fibrinogen and Fibrin in Hemostasis and Thrombosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 37:e13-e21. [PMID: 28228446 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.308564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sravya Kattula
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - James R Byrnes
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Alisa S Wolberg
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
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Abstract
Polyphosphate (polyP), an extremely simple polyanion, has long been known to be involved in a variety of different cellular processes, ranging from stress resistance, biofilm formation, and virulence in bacteria to bone mineralization, blood clotting, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in mammalian organisms. Our laboratory recently discovered a completely unexpected role of polyP as a stabilizing scaffold for β-sheet-containing protein-folding intermediates. This realization led us to investigate the effects of polyP on amyloidogenic processes and the novel concept that polyP might play a role in neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we will summarize recent results that show that polyP is a physiological modifier that accelerates amyloid fiber formation, alters fiber morphology, and protects cells against amyloid toxicity. We will review the current knowledge on the distribution, levels, and roles of polyP in the mammalian brain, and discuss potential mechanisms by which polyP might ameliorate amyloid toxicity.
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Sundaram MN, Amirthalingam S, Mony U, Varma PK, Jayakumar R. Injectable chitosan-nano bioglass composite hemostatic hydrogel for effective bleeding control. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 129:936-943. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Conway EM. Polyphosphates and Complement Activation. Front Med (Lausanne) 2019; 6:67. [PMID: 31019911 PMCID: PMC6458250 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
To sustain life in environments that are fraught with risks of life-threatening injury, organisms have developed innate protective strategies such that the response to wounds is rapid and localized, with the simultaneous recruitment of molecular, biochemical, and cellular pathways that limit bleeding and eliminate pathogens and damaged host cells, while promoting effective healing. These pathways are both coordinated and tightly regulated, as their over- or under-activation may lead to inadequate healing, disease, and/or demise of the host. Recent advances in our understanding of coagulation and complement, a key component of innate immunity, have revealed an intriguing linkage of the two systems. Cell-secreted polyphosphate promotes coagulation, while dampening complement activation, discoveries that are providing insights into disease mechanisms and suggesting novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward M Conway
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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45
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Preston RJS, O'Sullivan JM, O'Donnell JS. Advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of venous thrombosis. Br J Haematol 2019; 186:13-23. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roger J. S. Preston
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin Ireland
| | - Jamie M. O'Sullivan
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin Ireland
| | - James S. O'Donnell
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin Ireland
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Singh J, Steck N, De D, Hofer A, Ripp A, Captain I, Keller M, Wender PA, Bhandari R, Jessen HJ. A Phosphoramidite Analogue of Cyclotriphosphate Enables Iterative Polyphosphorylations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3928-3933. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Singh
- University of FreiburgInstitute of Organic Chemistry Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Nicole Steck
- University of FreiburgInstitute of Organic Chemistry Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Debaditya De
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, CDFD Hyderabad India
| | - Alexandre Hofer
- University of FreiburgInstitute of Organic Chemistry Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Alexander Ripp
- University of FreiburgInstitute of Organic Chemistry Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Ilya Captain
- University of FreiburgInstitute of Organic Chemistry Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Manfred Keller
- University of FreiburgInstitute of Organic Chemistry Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Paul A. Wender
- Stanford UniversityChemistry Department 333 Campus Drive Stanford CA 94305-5080 USA
| | | | - Henning J. Jessen
- University of FreiburgInstitute of Organic Chemistry Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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47
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Singh J, Steck N, De D, Hofer A, Ripp A, Captain I, Keller M, Wender PA, Bhandari R, Jessen HJ. A Phosphoramidite Analogue of Cyclotriphosphate Enables Iterative Polyphosphorylations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Singh
- University of FreiburgInstitute of Organic Chemistry Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Nicole Steck
- University of FreiburgInstitute of Organic Chemistry Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Debaditya De
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling, CDFD Hyderabad India
| | - Alexandre Hofer
- University of FreiburgInstitute of Organic Chemistry Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Alexander Ripp
- University of FreiburgInstitute of Organic Chemistry Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Ilya Captain
- University of FreiburgInstitute of Organic Chemistry Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Manfred Keller
- University of FreiburgInstitute of Organic Chemistry Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Paul A. Wender
- Stanford UniversityChemistry Department 333 Campus Drive Stanford CA 94305-5080 USA
| | | | - Henning J. Jessen
- University of FreiburgInstitute of Organic Chemistry Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
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Gautam LK, Sharma P, Capalash N. Bacterial Polyphosphate Kinases Revisited: Role in Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Potential. Curr Drug Targets 2019; 20:292-301. [DOI: 10.2174/1389450119666180801120231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infections have always been an unrestrained challenge to the medical community due to the rise of multi-drug tolerant and resistant strains. Pioneering work on Escherichia coli polyphosphate kinase (PPK) by Arthur Kornberg has generated great interest in this polyphosphate (PolyP) synthesizing enzyme. PPK has wide distribution among pathogens and is involved in promoting pathogenesis, stress management and susceptibility to antibiotics. Further, the absence of a PPK orthologue in humans makes it a potential drug target. This review covers the functional and structural aspects of polyphosphate kinases in bacterial pathogens. A description of molecules being designed against PPKs has been provided, challenges associated with PPK inhibitor design are highlighted and the strategies to enable development of efficient drug against this enzyme have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit Kumar Gautam
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, BMS Block-I, Sector- 25, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Prince Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, BMS Block-I, Sector- 25, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Neena Capalash
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, BMS Block-I, Sector- 25, Chandigarh, 160014, India
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49
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Cattaneo M. Inherited Disorders of Platelet Function. Platelets 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-813456-6.00048-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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50
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Baker CJ, Smith SA, Morrissey JH. Polyphosphate in thrombosis, hemostasis, and inflammation. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2019; 3:18-25. [PMID: 30656272 PMCID: PMC6332810 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This illustrated review focuses on polyphosphate as a potent modulator of the plasma clotting cascade, with possible roles in hemostasis, thrombosis, and inflammation. Polyphosphates are highly anionic, linear polymers of inorganic phosphates that are widespread throughout biology. Infectious microorganisms accumulate polyphosphates with widely varying polymer lengths (from a few phosphates to over a thousand phosphates long), while activated human platelets secrete polyphosphate with a very narrow size distribution (about 60-100 phosphates long). Work from our lab and others has shown that long-chain polyphosphate is a potent trigger of clotting via the contact pathway, while polyphosphate of the size secreted by platelets accelerates factor V activation, blocks the anticoagulant activity of tissue factor pathway inhibitor, promotes factor XI activation by thrombin, and makes fibrin fibrils thicker and more resistant to fibrinolysis. Polyphosphate also modulates inflammation by triggering bradykinin release, inhibiting the complement system, and modulating endothelial function. Polyphosphate and nucleic acids have similar physical properties and both will trigger the contact pathway-although polyphosphate is orders of magnitude more procoagulant than either DNA or RNA. Important caveats in these studies include observations that nucleic acids and polyphosphate may co-purify, and that these preparations can be contaminated with highly procoagulant microparticles if silica-based purification methods are employed. Polyphosphate has received attention as a possible therapeutic, with some recent studies exploring the use of polyphosphate in a variety of formulations to control bleeding. Other studies are investigating treatments that block polyphosphate function as novel antithrombotics with the possibility of reduced bleeding side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine J. Baker
- Department of Biological ChemistryUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan
| | - Stephanie A. Smith
- Department of Biological ChemistryUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan
| | - James H. Morrissey
- Department of Biological ChemistryUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichigan
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