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Ropa J, Van't Hof W. The fulfilled promise and unmet potential of umbilical cord blood. Curr Opin Hematol 2024; 31:168-174. [PMID: 38602152 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Here, we review classic and emerging uses of umbilical cord blood and highlight strategies to improve its utility, focusing on selection of the appropriate units and cell types for the intended applications. RECENT LITERATURE Recent studies have shown advancements in cord blood cell utility in a variety of cellular therapies and have made strides in elucidating manners to select the best units for therapy and target new ways to improve the various cell subpopulations for their respective applications. SUMMARY Umbilical cord blood is a proven source of cells for hematopoietic cell transplantation and research and is an important potential source for additional cellular therapies. However, cord blood utility is limited by low "doses" of potent cells that can be obtained from individual units, a limitation that is specific to cord blood as a donor source. In addition to traditional CD34 + progenitor cells, cord blood lymphocytes are being pursued as therapeutic entities with their own unique properties and characteristics. Thus, selection of ideal units depends on the intended therapeutic entity and target, and identification of differential potency parameters is critical to drive effective banking strategies accommodating successful clinical use of cord blood in broader cell therapy settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Ropa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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Montemurro T, Lavazza C, Montelatici E, Budelli S, La Rosa S, Barilani M, Mei C, Manzini P, Ratti I, Cimoni S, Brasca M, Prati D, Saporiti G, Astori G, Elice F, Giordano R, Lazzari L. Off-the-Shelf Cord-Blood Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Production, Quality Control, and Clinical Use. Cells 2024; 13:1066. [PMID: 38920694 PMCID: PMC11202005 DOI: 10.3390/cells13121066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have gained recognition for their clinical utility in transplantation to induce tolerance and to improve/replace pharmacological immunosuppression. Cord blood (CB)-derived MSCs are particularly attractive for their immunological naivety and peculiar anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to obtain an inventory of CB MSCs able to support large-scale advanced therapy medicinal product (ATMP)-based clinical trials. STUDY DESIGN We isolated MSCs by plastic adherence in a GMP-compliant culture system. We established a well-characterized master cell bank and expanded a working cell bank to generate batches of finished MSC(CB) products certified for clinical use. The MSC(CB) produced by our facility was used in approved clinical trials or for therapeutic use, following single-patient authorization as an immune-suppressant agent. RESULTS We show the feasibility of a well-defined MSC manufacturing process and describe the main indications for which the MSCs were employed. We delve into a regulatory framework governing advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs), emphasizing the need of stringent quality control and safety assessments. From March 2012 to June 2023, 263 of our Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-certified MSC(CB) preparations were administered as ATMPs in 40 subjects affected by Graft-vs.-Host Disease, nephrotic syndrome, or bronco-pulmonary dysplasia of the newborn. There was no infusion-related adverse event. No patient experienced any grade toxicity. Encouraging preliminary outcome results were reported. Clinical response was registered in the majority of patients treated under therapeutic use authorization. CONCLUSIONS Our 10 years of experience with MSC(CB) described here provides valuable insights into the use of this innovative cell product in immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Montemurro
- Unit of Cellular and Gene Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (T.M.); (C.L.); (E.M.); (S.B.); (S.L.R.); (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Cristiana Lavazza
- Unit of Cellular and Gene Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (T.M.); (C.L.); (E.M.); (S.B.); (S.L.R.); (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Elisa Montelatici
- Unit of Cellular and Gene Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (T.M.); (C.L.); (E.M.); (S.B.); (S.L.R.); (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Silvia Budelli
- Unit of Cellular and Gene Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (T.M.); (C.L.); (E.M.); (S.B.); (S.L.R.); (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Salvatore La Rosa
- Unit of Cellular and Gene Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (T.M.); (C.L.); (E.M.); (S.B.); (S.L.R.); (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Mario Barilani
- Unit of Cellular and Gene Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (T.M.); (C.L.); (E.M.); (S.B.); (S.L.R.); (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Cecilia Mei
- Unit of Cellular and Gene Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (T.M.); (C.L.); (E.M.); (S.B.); (S.L.R.); (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Paolo Manzini
- Unit of Cellular and Gene Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (T.M.); (C.L.); (E.M.); (S.B.); (S.L.R.); (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Ilaria Ratti
- Milano Cord Blood Bank and Center of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (I.R.); (S.C.); (M.B.); (D.P.)
| | - Silvia Cimoni
- Milano Cord Blood Bank and Center of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (I.R.); (S.C.); (M.B.); (D.P.)
| | - Manuela Brasca
- Milano Cord Blood Bank and Center of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (I.R.); (S.C.); (M.B.); (D.P.)
| | - Daniele Prati
- Milano Cord Blood Bank and Center of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (I.R.); (S.C.); (M.B.); (D.P.)
| | - Giorgia Saporiti
- Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Center, Hematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Astori
- Laboratory of Advanced Cellular Therapies and Haematology Unit, San Bortolo Hospital, AULSS8 “Berica”, 36100 Vicenza, Italy; (G.A.); (F.E.)
| | - Francesca Elice
- Laboratory of Advanced Cellular Therapies and Haematology Unit, San Bortolo Hospital, AULSS8 “Berica”, 36100 Vicenza, Italy; (G.A.); (F.E.)
| | - Rosaria Giordano
- Unit of Cellular and Gene Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (T.M.); (C.L.); (E.M.); (S.B.); (S.L.R.); (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.M.); (L.L.)
| | - Lorenza Lazzari
- Unit of Cellular and Gene Therapy, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (T.M.); (C.L.); (E.M.); (S.B.); (S.L.R.); (M.B.); (C.M.); (P.M.); (L.L.)
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Broxmeyer HE, Luchsinger LL, Weinberg RS, Jimenez A, Frenet EM, Van't Hof W, Capitano ML, Hillyer CD, Kaplan MH, Cooper S, Ropa J. Insights into highly engraftable hematopoietic cells from 27-year cryopreserved umbilical cord blood. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101259. [PMID: 37913777 PMCID: PMC10694620 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Umbilical cord blood transplantation is a life-saving treatment for malignant and non-malignant hematologic disorders. It remains unclear how long cryopreserved units remain functional, and the length of cryopreservation is often used as a criterion to exclude older units. We demonstrate that long-term cryopreserved cord blood retains similar numbers of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells compared with fresh and recently cryopreserved cord blood units. Long-term cryopreserved units contain highly functional cells, yielding robust engraftment in mouse transplantation models. We also leverage differences between units to examine gene programs associated with better engraftment. Transcriptomic analyses reveal that gene programs associated with lineage determination and oxidative stress are enriched in high engrafting cord blood, revealing potential molecular markers to be used as potency markers for cord blood unit selection regardless of length of cryopreservation. In summary, cord blood units cryopreserved for extended periods retain engrafting potential and can potentially be used for patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hal E Broxmeyer
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | | | | | - Alexandra Jimenez
- Comprehensive Cell Solutions, New York Blood Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; National Cord Blood Program, Long Island City, NY 11101, USA
| | - Emeline Masson Frenet
- Comprehensive Cell Solutions, New York Blood Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; National Cord Blood Program, Long Island City, NY 11101, USA
| | | | - Maegan L Capitano
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | | | - Mark H Kaplan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Scott Cooper
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - James Ropa
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Hurley K, Clow R, Jadhav A, Azzam EI, Wang Y. Mitigation of acute radiation syndrome (ARS) with human umbilical cord blood. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 100:317-334. [PMID: 37967239 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2277372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The growing concern over potential unintended nuclear accidents or malicious activities involving nuclear/radiological devices cannot be overstated. Exposure to whole-body doses of radiation can result in acute radiation syndrome (ARS), colloquially known as "radiation sickness," which can severely damage various organ systems. Long-term health consequences, such as cancer and cardiovascular disease, can develop many years post-exposure. Identifying effective medical countermeasures and devising a strategic medical plan represents an urgent, unmet need. Various clinical studies have investigated the therapeutic use of umbilical cord blood (UCB) for a range of illnesses, including ARS. The objective of this review is to thoroughly discuss ARS and its sub-syndromes, and to highlight recent findings regarding the use of UCB for radiation injury. UCB, a rich source of stem cells, boasts numerous advantages over other stem cell sources, like bone marrow, owing to its ease of collection and relatively low risk of severe graft-versus-host disease. Preclinical studies suggest that treatment with UCB, and often UCB-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), results in improved survival, accelerated hematopoietic recovery, reduced gastrointestinal tract damage, and mitigation of radiation-induced pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis. Interestingly, recent evidence suggests that UCB-derived exosomes and their microRNAs (miRNAs) might assist in treating radiation-induced damage, largely by inhibiting fibrotic pathways. CONCLUSION UCB holds substantial potential as a radiation countermeasure, and future research should focus on establishing treatment parameters for ARS victims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Hurley
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Canada
| | - Rachel Clow
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Canada
| | - Ashok Jadhav
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Canada
| | - Edouard I Azzam
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Canada
| | - Yi Wang
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, Chalk River, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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5
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Liu K, Wang L, Li D, Yan S, Li J, Yi X, Sun Y, Li Y, Zhang X, Qi F, Zheng Y, He Z, Wang D, Ma Y, Liang J, Fu Q. Extracellular Matrix-Mimetic Peptide Scaffolds Prolonged the Hypothermic Preservation of Stem Cells for Storage and Transportation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:684-696. [PMID: 36592343 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Encouraging advances in both regenerative medicine and tissue engineering with stem cells require a short-term preservation protocol to provide enough time for quality control or the transportation of cell products from manufacturing facilities to clinical destinations. The hypothermic preservation of stem cells under refrigerated conditions (2-8 °C) in their specific culture medium provides an alternative and low-cost method for cryopreservation or commercial preservation fluid for short-term storage. However, most stem cells are vulnerable to hypothermia, which might result in cell damage from the cooling process and the lack of extracellular matrix (ECM). Herein, we report a peptide scaffold cell-culture-medium additive for mimicking in vivo ECM to enhance the storage efficiency of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) under hypothermic preservation. Peptide scaffolds exhibit protective effects against hypothermic injury by maintaining the viability, proliferation, migration, and differentiation capabilities of cells. The mechanistic study showed that the peptide scaffold was conducive to maintain mitochondrial function by retaining mitochondrial respiration, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and mass to alleviate intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Moreover, the peptide scaffold also prolonged the survival and retained the multipotency of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) under hypothermic conditions. In conclusion, these results demonstrate a feasible and convenient preservation system for stem cells that has the potential to promote the clinical application of hematopoietic stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Dongdong Li
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Shaoduo Yan
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jiayao Li
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xiaoyang Yi
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yunfeng Sun
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Fengying Qi
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yizhe Zheng
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Zixin He
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Donggen Wang
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yuyuan Ma
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jun Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Qiuxia Fu
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Science, 27(1) Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
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Cooper SH, Capitano ML, Broxmeyer HE. Experimental Models of Mouse and Human Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2567:205-232. [PMID: 36255704 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2679-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Experimental hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an invaluable tool in determining the function and characteristics of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) from experimental mouse and human donor groups. These groups could include, but are not limited to, genetically altered populations (gene knockout/knockin models), ex vivo manipulated cell populations, or in vivo modulated cell populations. The basic fundamentals of this process involve taking cells from a mouse/human donor source and putting them into another mouse (recipient) after preconditioning of the recipient with either total body irradiation (TBI) for mouse donor cells or into sublethally irradiated immune-deficient mice for human donor cells. Then, at pre-determined time points post-transplant, sampling a small amount of peripheral blood (PB) and at the termination of the evalaution, bone marrow (BM) to determine donor contribution and function by phenotypic analysis. Exploiting the congenic mouse strains of C57BL/6 (CD45.1- CD45.2+), BoyJ (CD45.1+ CD45.2-), and their F1-crossed hybrid C57BL/6 × BoyJ (CD45.1+ CD45.2+), we are able to quantify donor, competitor, and recipient mouse cell contributions to the engraftment state. Human donor cell engraftment (e.g., from the cord blood [CB], mobilized PB, or BM) is assessed by human cell phenotyping in sublethally irradiated immune-deficient mouse recipients (e.g., NOD scid gamma mice that are deficient in B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells and have defective dendritic cells and macrophages). Engraftment of cells from primary mouse recipients into secondary mice allows for an estimation of the self-renewal capacity of the original donor HSC. This chapter outlines concepts, methods, and techniques for mouse and human cell models of HSCT and for assessment of donor cells collected and processed in hypoxia versus ambient air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott H Cooper
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Maegan L Capitano
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Hal E Broxmeyer
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Qayed M, McGuirk JP, Myers GD, Parameswaran V, Waller EK, Holman P, Rodrigues M, Clough LF, Willert J. Leukapheresis guidance and best practices for optimal chimeric antigen receptor T-cell manufacturing. Cytotherapy 2022; 24:869-878. [PMID: 35718701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is an individualized immunotherapy that genetically reprograms a patient's T cells to target and eliminate cancer cells. Tisagenlecleucel is a US Food and Drug Administration-approved CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy for patients with relapsed/refractory (r/r) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and r/r diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Manufacturing CAR T cells is an intricate process that begins with leukapheresis to obtain T cells from the patient's peripheral blood. An optimal leukapheresis product is essential to the success of CAR T-cell therapy; therefore, understanding factors that may affect the quality or T-cell content is imperative. CAR T-cell therapy requires detailed organization throughout the entire multistep process, including appropriate training of a multidisciplinary team in leukapheresis collection, cell processing, timing and coordination with manufacturing and administration to achieve suitable patient care. Consideration of logistical parameters, including leukapheresis timing, location and patient availability, when clinically evaluating the patient and the trajectory of their disease progression must be reflected in the overall collection strategy. Challenges of obtaining optimal leukapheresis product for CAR T-cell manufacturing include vascular access for smaller patients, achieving sufficient T-cell yield, eliminating contaminating cell types in the leukapheresis product, determining appropriate washout periods for medication and managing adverse events at collection. In this review, the authors provide recommendations on navigating CAR T-cell therapy and leukapheresis based on experience and data from tisagenlecleucel manufacturing in clinical trials and the real-world setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muna Qayed
- Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
| | - Joseph P McGuirk
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - G Doug Myers
- Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Vinod Parameswaran
- Avera Medical Group Hematology, Transplant & Cellular Therapy, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - Edmund K Waller
- Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplant Center, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Peter Holman
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Lee F Clough
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jennifer Willert
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
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Reich‐Slotky R, Vasovic LV, Land KJ, Halpenny M, Woeltz J, Mathew AJ, Fournier D, Alder B, Stasko K, Mahmud N. Cryopreserved hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells stability program‐development, current status and recommendations: A brief report from the AABB‐ISCT joint working group cellular therapy product stability project team. Transfusion 2022; 62:651-662. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.16820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Reich‐Slotky
- John Theurer Cancer Center Hackensack University Medical Center Hackensack New Jersey USA
| | | | - Kevin J. Land
- Vitalant Biotherapies Phoenix Arizona USA
- University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, Department of Pathology Transfusion Medicine San Antonio Texas USA
| | | | - Joan Woeltz
- Blood & Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Stanford Health Care Stanford California USA
| | | | | | - Brenda Alder
- Northside Hospital, Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Cell Therapy Lab Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - Karl Stasko
- Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute Cell Manipulation Core Facility Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Nadim Mahmud
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine University of Illinois College of Medicine Chicago Illinois USA
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9
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Gil CH, Chakraborty D, Vieira CP, Prasain N, Calzi SL, Fortmann SD, Hu P, Banno K, Jamal M, Huang C, Sielski MS, Lin Y, Huang X, Dupont MD, Floyd JL, Prasad R, Longhini ALF, McGill TJ, Chung HM, Murphy MP, Kotton DN, Boulton ME, Yoder MC, Grant MB. Specific mesoderm subset derived from human pluripotent stem cells ameliorates microvascular pathology in type 2 diabetic mice. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm5559. [PMID: 35245116 PMCID: PMC8896785 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm5559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) were differentiated into a specific mesoderm subset characterized by KDR+CD56+APLNR+ (KNA+) expression. KNA+ cells had high clonal proliferative potential and specification into endothelial colony-forming cell (ECFCs) phenotype. KNA+ cells differentiated into perfused blood vessels when implanted subcutaneously into the flank of nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice and when injected into the vitreous of type 2 diabetic mice (db/db mice). Transcriptomic analysis showed that differentiation of hiPSCs derived from diabetics into KNA+ cells was sufficient to change baseline differences in gene expression caused by the diabetic status and reprogram diabetic cells to a pattern similar to KNA+ cells derived from nondiabetic hiPSCs. Proteomic array studies performed on retinas of db/db mice injected with either control or diabetic donor-derived KNA+ cells showed correction of aberrant signaling in db/db retinas toward normal healthy retina. These data provide "proof of principle" that KNA+ cells restore perfusion and correct vascular dysfunction in db/db mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hyun Gil
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Dibyendu Chakraborty
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Cristiano P. Vieira
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Nutan Prasain
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Astellas Institute for Regenerative Medicine (AIRM), Westborough, MA 01581, USA
| | - Sergio Li Calzi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Seth D. Fortmann
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP), School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Kimihiko Banno
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Physiology II, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Mohamed Jamal
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Pulmonary Center, and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Department of Endodontics, Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai 00000, UAE
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Micheli S. Sielski
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Yang Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Xinxin Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 310104, China
| | - Mariana D. Dupont
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jason L. Floyd
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ana Leda F. Longhini
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Trevor J. McGill
- Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Hyung-Min Chung
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael P. Murphy
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Darrell N. Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Pulmonary Center, and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Michael E. Boulton
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Mervin C. Yoder
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Maria B. Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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10
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Reich-Slotky R, Vasovic LV, Land KJ, Halpenny M, Woeltz J, Mathew AJ, Fournier D, Alder B, Stasko K, Mahmud N. Cryopreserved hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells stability program-development, current status and recommendations: A brief report from the AABB-ISCT joint working group cellular therapy product stability project team. Cytotherapy 2022; 24:473-481. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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11
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Naidu SR, Capitano M, Ropa J, Cooper S, Huang X, Broxmeyer HE. Chromatin remodeling subunit BRM and valine regulate hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell function and self-renewal via intrinsic and extrinsic effects. Leukemia 2022; 36:821-833. [PMID: 34599272 PMCID: PMC9212754 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01426-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Little is known of hematopoietic stem (HSC) and progenitor (HPC) cell self-renewal. The role of Brahma (BRM), a chromatin remodeler, in HSC function is unknown. Bone marrow (BM) from Brm-/- mice manifested increased numbers of long- and short-term HSCs, GMPs, and increased numbers and cycling of functional HPCs. However, increased Brm-/- BM HSC numbers had decreased secondary and tertiary engraftment, suggesting BRM enhances HSC self-renewal. Valine was elevated in lineage negative Brm-/- BM cells, linking intracellular valine with Brm expression. Valine enhanced HPC colony formation, replating of human cord blood (CB) HPC-derived colonies, mouse BM and human CB HPC survival in vitro, and ex vivo expansion of normal mouse BM HSCs and HPCs. Valine increased oxygen consumption rates of WT cells. BRM through CD98 was linked to regulated import of branched chain amino acids, such as valine, in HPCs. Brm-/- LSK cells exhibited upregulated interferon response/cell cycle gene programs. Effects of BRM depletion are less apparent on isolated HSCs compared to HSCs in the presence of HPCs, suggesting cell extrinsic effects on HSCs. Thus, intracellular valine is regulated by BRM expression in HPCs, and the BRM/valine axis regulates HSC and HPC self-renewal, proliferation, and possibly differentiation fate decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samisubbu R. Naidu
- Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine,Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology/Immunology, 950 West Walnut Street, Bldg. R2, Room 302, Indianapolis, IN 46202, Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, 950 West Walnut Street, Bldg. R2, Room E435,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Maegan Capitano
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - James Ropa
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Scott Cooper
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Xinxin Huang
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Hal E. Broxmeyer
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine,Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology/Immunology, 950 West Walnut Street, Bldg. R2, Room 302, Indianapolis, IN 46202, Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, 950 West Walnut Street, Bldg. R2, Room E435
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12
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Rocheteau P, Warot G, Chapellier M, Zampaolo M, Chretien F, Piquemal F. Cryopreserved Stem Cells Incur Damages Due To Terrestrial Cosmic Rays Impairing Their Integrity Upon Long-Term Storage. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897211070239. [PMID: 35170351 PMCID: PMC8855380 DOI: 10.1177/09636897211070239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells have the capacity to ensure the renewal of tissues and organs. They
could be used in the future for a wide range of therapeutic purposes and are
preserved at liquid nitrogen temperature to prevent any chemical or biological
activity up to several decades before their use. We show that the cryogenized
cells accumulate damages coming from natural radiations, potentially inducing
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Such DNA damage in stem cells could lead to
either mortality of the cells upon thawing or a mutation diminishing the
therapeutic potential of the treatment. Many studies show how stem cells react
to different levels of radiation; the effect of terrestrial cosmic rays being
key, it is thus also important to investigate the effect of the natural
radiation on the cryopreserved stem cell behavior over time. Our study showed
that the cryostored stem cells totally shielded from cosmic rays had less DSBs
upon long-term storage. This could have important implications on the long-term
cryostorage strategy and quality control of different cell banks.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rocheteau
- Human Histopathology and Animal Models, Department of Infection & Epidemiology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - G Warot
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et Corpusculaire, UMR 5821, Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble Institute of Technology (Institute of Engineering University Grenoble Alpes), LPSC-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - M Chapellier
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et Corpusculaire, UMR 5821, Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble Institute of Technology (Institute of Engineering University Grenoble Alpes), LPSC-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - M Zampaolo
- Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et Corpusculaire, UMR 5821, Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble Institute of Technology (Institute of Engineering University Grenoble Alpes), LPSC-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - F Chretien
- Human Histopathology and Animal Models, Department of Infection & Epidemiology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - F Piquemal
- Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan, UMR 5797, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Université de Bordeaux, Gradignan, France
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13
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In memory of Hal E. Broxmeyer, a pluripotent scientist, pioneer, and mentor. BLOOD SCIENCE 2022; 4:1-4. [PMID: 35399545 PMCID: PMC8975008 DOI: 10.1097/bs9.0000000000000100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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14
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Semenova E, Grudniak MP, Bocian K, Chroscinska-Krawczyk M, Trochonowicz M, Stepaniec IM, Murzyn M, Szablowska-Gadomska I, Boruczkowski D, Oldak T, Machaj EK. Banking of AT-MSC and its Influence on Their Application to Clinical Procedures. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:773123. [PMID: 34917599 PMCID: PMC8670380 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.773123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Processing of MSCs to obtain a therapeutic product consists of two main steps: 1) the in vitro expansion of the cells until an appropriate number of them is obtained, and 2) freezing and storage of the expanded cells. The last step is critical and must be optimized so that after thawing the cells retain all their physiological properties including the secretory function. In this paper, we evaluated physiological parameters of AT-MSC's after a full cycle of their processing, particularly freezing and storing at the liquid nitrogen vapor temperature. Based on the recovered proliferative and secretory capacities of the thawed cells, we have designed the optimal technique for processing of MSCs for clinical applications. In our work, we tried to select the best DMSO-based cryoprotectant mixture on the base of post thawing fully retain their properties. We have demonstrated the effectiveness of the use of DMSO in various configurations of the constituent cryoprotective fluids. We have also shown that AT-MSCs that show control levels in most standard tests (viability, shape, culture behaviour, and proliferative properties) after thawing, may show transient variations in some important physiological properties, such as the level of secreted growth factors. Obtained results let us to indicate how to optimize the AT-MSC preparation process for clinical applications. We suggest that before their clinical application the cells should be cultured for at least one passage to recover their physiological stability and thus assure their optimal therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katarzyna Bocian
- Polish Stem Cell Bank, FamiCord Group, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Magdalena Murzyn
- Polish Stem Cell Bank, FamiCord Group, Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | | | - Tomasz Oldak
- Polish Stem Cell Bank, FamiCord Group, Warsaw, Poland
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15
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Sundaravadivelu PK, Raina K, Thool M, Ray A, Joshi JM, Kaveeshwar V, Sudhagar S, Lenka N, Thummer RP. Tissue-Restricted Stem Cells as Starting Cell Source for Efficient Generation of Pluripotent Stem Cells: An Overview. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1376:151-180. [PMID: 34611861 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2021_660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have vast biomedical potential concerning disease modeling, drug screening and discovery, cell therapy, tissue engineering, and understanding organismal development. In the year 2006, a groundbreaking study reported the generation of iPSCs from mouse embryonic fibroblasts by viral transduction of four transcription factors, namely, Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc. Subsequently, human iPSCs were generated by reprogramming fibroblasts as a starting cell source using two reprogramming factor cocktails [(i) OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC, and (ii) OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, and LIN28]. The wide range of applications of these human iPSCs in research, therapeutics, and personalized medicine has driven the scientific community to optimize and understand this reprogramming process to achieve quality iPSCs with higher efficiency and faster kinetics. One of the essential criteria to address this is by identifying an ideal cell source in which pluripotency can be induced efficiently to give rise to high-quality iPSCs. Therefore, various cell types have been studied for their ability to generate iPSCs efficiently. Cell sources that can be easily reverted to a pluripotent state are tissue-restricted stem cells present in the fetus and adult tissues. Tissue-restricted stem cells can be isolated from fetal, cord blood, bone marrow, and other adult tissues or can be obtained by differentiation of embryonic stem cells or trans-differentiation of other tissue-restricted stem cells. Since these cells are undifferentiated cells with self-renewal potential, they are much easier to reprogram due to the inherent characteristic of having an endogenous expression of few pluripotency-inducing factors. This review presents an overview of promising tissue-restricted stem cells that can be isolated from different sources, namely, neural stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, limbal epithelial stem cells, and spermatogonial stem cells, and their reprogramming efficacy. This insight will pave the way for developing safe and efficient reprogramming strategies and generating patient-specific iPSCs from tissue-restricted stem cells derived from various fetal and adult tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Kumar Sundaravadivelu
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Khyati Raina
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Madhuri Thool
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India.,Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Guwahati, Changsari, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Arnab Ray
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Jahnavy Madhukar Joshi
- Central Research Laboratory, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Vishwas Kaveeshwar
- Central Research Laboratory, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - S Sudhagar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Guwahati, Changsari, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Nibedita Lenka
- National Centre for Cell Science, S. P. Pune University Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Rajkumar P Thummer
- Laboratory for Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India.
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16
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Rafii H, Garnier F, Ruggeri A, Ionescu I, Ballot C, Bensoussan D, Chabannon C, Dazey B, De Vos J, Gautier E, Giraud C, Larghero J, Cras A, Mialou V, Persoons V, Pouthier F, Thibert JB, Dalle JH, Michel G, Kenzey C, Volt F, Rocha V, Bay JO, Rubio MT, Faucher C, Marry E, Gluckman E. Umbilical cord blood transplants facilitated by the French cord blood banks network. On behalf of the Agency of Biomedicine, Eurocord and the French society of bone marrow transplant and cell therapy (SFGM-TC). Bone Marrow Transplant 2021; 56:2497-2509. [PMID: 33990703 PMCID: PMC8120495 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-021-01313-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The public French Cord Blood Banks Network was established in 1999 with the objective of standardizing the practices governing umbilical cord blood (UCB) banking in France. The Network adopted a strategy to optimize its inventory and improve the quality of its banked units based on a quality improvement process using outcome data regularly provided by Eurocord. This study aimed to describe the results, over 10 years, of UCBT facilitated by a national network that used the same criteria of UCB collection and banking and to assess how modifications of banking criteria and unit selection might influence transplant outcomes. Nine hundred and ninety-nine units (593 single-unit and 203 double-unit grafts) were released by the Network to transplant 796 patients with malignant (83%) and non-malignant (17%) diseases. Median cell dose exceeded 3.5 × 107 TNC/kg in 86%. There was a trend to select units more recently collected and with higher cell dose. Neutrophil engraftment was 88.2% (85.7-90.7) and 79.3% (72.6-86.5) respectively for malignant and non-malignant diseases with a trend to faster recovery with higher cell doses. The respective 3-year transplant-related mortality were 31.1% (27.5-35.1) and 34.3% (27.0-43.5). OS was 49% ± 4 in malignant and 62% ± 4 in non-malignant disorders. In multivariate analysis, cell dose was the only unit-related factor associated with outcomes. Our results reflect the benefit on clinical outcomes of the strategy adopted by the Network to bank units with higher cell counts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanadi Rafii
- Eurocord, Hopital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Institut de Recherche de Saint-Louis (IRSL) EA3518, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
- Monacord, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Monaco.
| | | | - Annalisa Ruggeri
- Eurocord, Hopital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Institut de Recherche de Saint-Louis (IRSL) EA3518, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Irina Ionescu
- Agency of Biomedecine, Saint Denis La Plaine, France
| | - Caroline Ballot
- Cell Therapy unit, Etablissement Français du Sang Hauts de France Normandie, site de LILLE - Belfort, Lille, France
| | - Danièle Bensoussan
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy unit, Regional University hospital, Nancy, France
| | - Christian Chabannon
- Paoli-Calmettes Institute, Departement of Cancer Biology, Inserm CBT1409, Marseille, France
| | - Bernard Dazey
- Cell Therapy unit, Etablissement Français du Sang, Bordeaux, France
| | - John De Vos
- Cell Therapy unit, University hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Gautier
- Cell Therapy unit, Etablissement Français du Sang, Créteil, France
| | - Christine Giraud
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Etablissement Français du Sang, University hospital, Poitiers, France
| | - Jérome Larghero
- Cell Therapy Unit and Cord Blood Bank, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Cras
- Cell Therapy Unit and Cord Blood Bank, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Mialou
- Cell Therapy unit, Etablissement Français du Sang, hopital E. Herriot, Lyon, France
| | - Virginie Persoons
- Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering unit, Etablissement Français du Sang, Grenoble, France
| | - Fabienne Pouthier
- Cell and Tissue Engineering unit, Etablissement Francais du Sang, Besançon, France
| | | | - Jean-Hugues Dalle
- Hopital Robert Debré, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Gerard Michel
- Aix-Marseille University and La Timone Children's Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Chantal Kenzey
- Eurocord, Hopital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Institut de Recherche de Saint-Louis (IRSL) EA3518, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Monacord, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Monaco
| | - Fernanda Volt
- Eurocord, Hopital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Institut de Recherche de Saint-Louis (IRSL) EA3518, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Monacord, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Monaco
| | - Vanderson Rocha
- Eurocord, Hopital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Institut de Recherche de Saint-Louis (IRSL) EA3518, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Hematology, Clinics Hospital, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jacques-Olivier Bay
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Clermont University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marie-Thérèse Rubio
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, regional university hospital, Nancy, France
| | | | - Evelyne Marry
- Agency of Biomedecine, Saint Denis La Plaine, France
| | - Eliane Gluckman
- Eurocord, Hopital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, Institut de Recherche de Saint-Louis (IRSL) EA3518, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Monacord, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Monaco
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17
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Daniels DE, Ferguson DCJ, Griffiths RE, Trakarnsanga K, Cogan N, MacInnes KA, Mordue KE, Andrienko T, Ferrer-Vicens I, Ramos Jiménez D, Lewis PA, Wilson MC, Canham MA, Kurita R, Nakamura Y, Anstee DJ, Frayne J. Reproducible immortalization of erythroblasts from multiple stem cell sources provides approach for sustainable RBC therapeutics. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2021; 22:26-39. [PMID: 34485592 PMCID: PMC8390520 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Developing robust methodology for the sustainable production of red blood cells in vitro is essential for providing an alternative source of clinical-quality blood, particularly for individuals with rare blood group phenotypes. Immortalized erythroid progenitor cell lines are the most promising emergent technology for achieving this goal. We previously created the erythroid cell line BEL-A from bone marrow CD34+ cells that had improved differentiation and enucleation potential compared to other lines reported. In this study we show that our immortalization approach is reproducible for erythroid cells differentiated from bone marrow and also from far more accessible peripheral and cord blood CD34+ cells, consistently generating lines with similar improved erythroid performance. Extensive characterization of the lines shows them to accurately recapitulate their primary cell equivalents and provides a molecular signature for immortalization. In addition, we show that only cells at a specific stage of erythropoiesis, predominantly proerythroblasts, are amenable to immortalization. Our methodology provides a step forward in the drive for a sustainable supply of red cells for clinical use and for the generation of model cellular systems for the study of erythropoiesis in health and disease, with the added benefit of an indefinite expansion window for manipulation of molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah E Daniels
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.,NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | | | | | - Kongtana Trakarnsanga
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Nicola Cogan
- NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.,Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences, National Health Service Blood and Transplant (NHSBT), Bristol BS34 7QH, UK
| | - Katherine A MacInnes
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.,NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Kathryn E Mordue
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | | | | | | | - Phillip A Lewis
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | | | - Maurice A Canham
- Tissues, Cells & Advanced Therapeutics, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, The Jack Copland Centre, 52 Research Avenue North, Edinburgh, EH14 4BE, UK
| | - Ryo Kurita
- Department of Research and Development, Central Blood Institute, Blood Service Headquarters, Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukio Nakamura
- Cell Engineering Division, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - David J Anstee
- NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.,Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences, National Health Service Blood and Transplant (NHSBT), Bristol BS34 7QH, UK
| | - Jan Frayne
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.,NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
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18
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High Integrity and Fidelity of Long-Term Cryopreserved Umbilical Cord Blood for Transplantation. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10020293. [PMID: 33466868 PMCID: PMC7830419 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10020293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is used as a source of donor cells for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation. The success of transplantation is dependent on the quality of cord blood (CB) units for maximizing the chance of engraftment. Improved outcomes following transplantation are associated with certain factors of cryopreserved CB units: total volume and total nucleated cell (TNC) count, mononuclear cell (MNC) count, and CD34+ cell count. The role of the storage period of CB units in determining the viability and counts of cells is less clear and is related to the quality of cryopreserved CB units. Herein, we demonstrate the recovery of viable TNCs and CD34+ cells, as well as the MNC viability in 20-year-old cryopreserved CB units in a CB bank (MEDIPOST Co., Ltd., Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea). In addition, cell populations in CB units were evaluated for future clinical applications. The stable recovery rate of the viability of cryopreserved CB that had been stored for up to 20 years suggested the possibility of uses of the long-term cryopreservation of CB units. Similar relationships were observed in the recovery of TNCs and CD34+ cells in units of cryopreserved and fresh CB. The high-viability recovery of long-term cryopreserved CB suggests that successful hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation and other clinical applications, which are suitable for treating incurable diseases, may be performed regardless of long-term storage.
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19
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de la Torre P, Flores AI. Current Status and Future Prospects of Perinatal Stem Cells. Genes (Basel) 2020; 12:genes12010006. [PMID: 33374593 PMCID: PMC7822425 DOI: 10.3390/genes12010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The placenta is a temporary organ that is discarded after birth and is one of the most promising sources of various cells and tissues for use in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, both in experimental and clinical settings. The placenta has unique, intrinsic features because it plays many roles during gestation: it is formed by cells from two individuals (mother and fetus), contributes to the development and growth of an allogeneic fetus, and has two independent and interacting circulatory systems. Different stem and progenitor cell types can be isolated from the different perinatal tissues making them particularly interesting candidates for use in cell therapy and regenerative medicine. The primary source of perinatal stem cells is cord blood. Cord blood has been a well-known source of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells since 1974. Biobanked cord blood has been used to treat different hematological and immunological disorders for over 30 years. Other perinatal tissues that are routinely discarded as medical waste contain non-hematopoietic cells with potential therapeutic value. Indeed, in advanced perinatal cell therapy trials, mesenchymal stromal cells are the most commonly used. Here, we review one by one the different perinatal tissues and the different perinatal stem cells isolated with their phenotypical characteristics and the preclinical uses of these cells in numerous pathologies. An overview of clinical applications of perinatal derived cells is also described with special emphasis on the clinical trials being carried out to treat COVID19 pneumonia. Furthermore, we describe the use of new technologies in the field of perinatal stem cells and the future directions and challenges of this fascinating and rapidly progressing field of perinatal cells and regenerative medicine.
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20
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Woo JM, Cha JB, Lee CK. Comparison of lamina cribrosa properties and the peripapillary vessel density between branch retinal vein occlusion and normal-tension glaucoma. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240109. [PMID: 33007029 PMCID: PMC7531791 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the properties of the lamina cribrosa (LC) and the peripapillary vessel density between branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG), using swept-source optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography. METHODS This retrospective study included 21 eyes of 21 patients with BRVO and 43 eyes of 43 patients with NTG who were treated from June 2016 to September 2017. The anterior LC depth (ALCD) and LC thickness (LCT) at the mid-superior, central, and mid-inferior levels; the mean difference in ALCD; and the peripapillary vessel density in the superficial and deep capillary plexuses and the choriocapillaris were compared between groups. RESULTS ALCD at the mid-superior, central, and mid-inferior levels was significantly greater in the NTG group (P < 0.05), while LCT was comparable between the groups. The mean difference in ALCD was significantly greater in the BRVO group (P = 0.03). The peripapillary vessel density in the superotemporal segment of the superficial capillary plexus was significantly lower in the BRVO group, while the density in all segments of the choriocapillaris was significantly lower in the NTG group (P < 0.05 for all). CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that BRVO and NTG have different LC structures and peripapillary vessel densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je Moon Woo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Jae Bong Cha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Chang Kyu Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea
- Biomedical Research Center, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea
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21
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Lee HR, Roh EY, Kim N, Song EY, Park H, Yoon JH, Shin S. Total nucleated cell counts are driving clinician's choice rather than cryopreservation period: Lesson for cord blood banks. Transfus Apher Sci 2020; 59:102849. [PMID: 32616364 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2020.102849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
According to the increase in both the number of cryopreserved cord blood (CB) units and the cryopreservation period for each CB unit in the largest public CB bank in Korea, we are pursuing greater efficiency in CB bank management. Thus, we analyzed whether the cryopreservation period has a negative impact on the selection of CB units for CB transplantation (CBT). Until December 2019, 468 CB units were used for transplantation. The cryopreservation period, total nucleated cell (TNC), and CD34+ cell counts were analyzed among the CB units according to the CBT-year and the donation year. The results showed that the cryopreservation period was increased in recent CBT-year groups. The transplanted CB units showed similar TNC counts irrespective of the donation year, and the mean TNC count was 13.9 × 108/unit. CB units cryopreserved for a relatively long period were transplanted consistently. The mean TNC count of CB units cryopreserved for over 10 years was 16.4 × 108/unit. The mean CD34+ cell counts were not significantly different among the CB units transplanted after CBT-2013 and among the CB units donated after CBT-2011. Through an analysis of the CB units selected by clinicians for CBT, this study revealed that clinicians placed more weight on the TNC counts than on the cryopreservation period of cryopreserved CB units. Therefore, the minimum TNC count of CB units suitable for cryopreservation should be increased up to 13.0 × 108/unit to balance the satisfaction of clinicians' needs with the efficiency of the CB bank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ryun Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Youn Roh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Seoul Metropolitan Government Public Cord Blood Bank (Allcord), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Namhee Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Seoul Metropolitan Government Public Cord Blood Bank (Allcord), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Young Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunwoong Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Seoul Metropolitan Government Public Cord Blood Bank (Allcord), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Yoon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Seoul Metropolitan Government Public Cord Blood Bank (Allcord), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sue Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Seoul Metropolitan Government Public Cord Blood Bank (Allcord), Seoul, South Korea.
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22
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Underwood J, Rahim M, West C, Britton R, Skipworth E, Graves V, Sexton S, Harris H, Schwering D, Sinn A, Pollok KE, Robertson KA, Goebel WS, Hege KM. How old is too old? In vivo engraftment of human peripheral blood stem cells cryopreserved for up to 18 years - implications for clinical transplantation and stability programs. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:359-367. [PMID: 32547684 PMCID: PMC7280863 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i5.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) are commonly cryopreserved awaiting clinical use for hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Long term cryopreservation is commonly defined as five years or longer, and limited data exists regarding how long PBSC can be cryopreserved and retain the ability to successfully engraft. Clinical programs, stem cell banks, and regulatory and accrediting agencies interested in product stability would benefit from such data. Thus, we assessed recovery and colony forming ability of PBSC following long-term cryopreservation as well as their ability to engraft in NOD/SCID/IL-2Rγnull (NSG) mice.
AIM To investigate the in vivo engraftment potential of long-term cryopreserved PBSC units.
METHODS PBSC units which were collected and frozen using validated clinical protocols were obtained for research use from the Cellular Therapy Laboratory at Indiana University Health. These units were thawed in the Cellular Therapy Laboratory using clinical standards of practice, and the pre-freeze and post-thaw characteristics of the units were compared. Progenitor function was assessed using standard colony-forming assays. CD34-selected cells were transplanted into immunodeficient mice to assess stem cell function.
RESULTS Ten PBSC units with mean of 17 years in cryopreservation (range 13.6-18.3 years) demonstrated a mean total cell recovery of 88% ± 12% (range 68%-110%) and post-thaw viability of 69% ± 17% (range 34%-86%). BFU-E growth was shown in 9 of 10 units and CFU-GM growth in 7 of 10 units post-thaw. Immunodeficient mice were transplanted with CD34-selected cells from four randomly chosen PBSC units. All mice demonstrated long-term engraftment at 12 wk with mean 34% ± 24% human CD45+ cells, and differentiation with presence of human CD19+, CD3+ and CD33+ cells. Harvested bone marrow from all mice demonstrated growth of erythroid and myeloid colonies.
CONCLUSION We demonstrated engraftment of clinically-collected and thawed PBSC following cryopreservation up to 18 years in NSG mice, signifying likely successful clinical transplantation of PBSC following long-term cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Underwood
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Mahvish Rahim
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Carijo West
- Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Rebecca Britton
- Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Elaine Skipworth
- Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Vicki Graves
- Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Steven Sexton
- Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Hillary Harris
- Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Dave Schwering
- Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Anthony Sinn
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, In Vivo Therapeutics Core and Angio Biocore Shared Resource Facilities for the Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Karen E Pollok
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, In Vivo Therapeutics Core and Angio Biocore Shared Resource Facilities for the Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Kent A Robertson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - W Scott Goebel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Kerry M Hege
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
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23
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Bonte S, De Munter S, Goetgeluk G, Ingels J, Pille M, Billiet L, Taghon T, Leclercq G, Vandekerckhove B, Kerre T. T-cells with a single tumor antigen-specific T-cell receptor can be generated in vitro from clinically relevant stem cell sources. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1727078. [PMID: 32117593 PMCID: PMC7028335 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1727078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells have shown great promise in the treatment of B-cell malignancies. For acute myeloid leukemia (AML), however, the optimal target surface antigen has yet to be discovered. Alternatively, T-cell receptor (TCR)-redirected T-cells target intracellular antigens, marking a broader territory of available target antigens. Currently, adoptive TCR T-cell therapy uses peripheral blood lymphocytes for the introduction of a transgenic TCR. However, this can cause graft-versus-host disease, due to mispairing of introduced and endogenous TCR chains. Therefore, we started from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC), that do not express a TCR yet, isolated from healthy donors, patients in remission after chemotherapy and AML patients at diagnosis. Using the OP9-DL1 in vitro co-culture system and agonist selection, TCR-transduced HSPC develop into mature tumor antigen-specific T-cells with only one TCR. We show here that this approach is feasible with adult HSPC from clinically relevant sources, albeit with slower maturation and lower cell yield compared to cord blood HSPC. Moreover, cryopreservation of HSPC does not have an effect on cell numbers or functionality of the generated T-cells. In conclusion, we show here that it is feasible to generate TA-specific T-cells from HSPC from adult healthy donors and patients and we believe these T-cells could be of use as a very valuable form of patient-tailored T-cell immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bonte
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stijn De Munter
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Glenn Goetgeluk
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joline Ingels
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Melissa Pille
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lore Billiet
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Taghon
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Georges Leclercq
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart Vandekerckhove
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tessa Kerre
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Hematology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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24
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Gupta AO, Wagner JE. Umbilical Cord Blood Transplants: Current Status and Evolving Therapies. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:570282. [PMID: 33123504 PMCID: PMC7567024 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.570282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic cell transplants using stem cells from umbilical cord blood are used worldwide for the treatment of malignant and non-malignant disorders. Transplant procedures from this stem cell source have shown promising outcomes in successfully treating various hematologic, immunologic, malignant, and inherited metabolic disorders. Rapid availability of these stem cells is an important advantage over other unrelated donor transplants, especially in situations where waiting can adversely affect the prognosis. The umbilical cord blood is rich in CD34+ stem cells, though with a limited cell dose and usually takes longer to engraft. Limitations around this have been addressed by in vivo and ex vivo expansion techniques as well as enhanced engraftment kinetics. Development of adoptive immunotherapy using other components of umbilical cord blood such as regulatory T cells, virus-specific T cells, and natural killer cells has further transformed the field and enhanced the utility of umbilical cord blood unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish O Gupta
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - John E Wagner
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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25
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Nguyen PH, Nguyen VT, Chu TT, Truong LH, Do TTH, Nguyen TD, Bui AV, Ngo TA, Than UTT, Nguyen LT. Factors Affecting Human Umbilical Cord Blood Quality Before Cryopreservation: The Importance of Birth Weight and Gestational Age. Biopreserv Biobank 2019; 18:18-24. [PMID: 31841643 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2019.0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a rich source of hematopoietic stem cells and is useful for the treatment of blood diseases. The cost of UCB storage is high; thus, it is necessary to evaluate the quality of UCB before collection and cryopreservation. Aim: This study aimed to determine the maternal and neonatal factors that influence UCB before selection for cryopreservation. Materials and Methods: The analysis included 403 processed UCB units. The effects of maternal characteristics including maternal age and delivery method and neonatal factors such as birth weight, gestation duration, and sex on UCB quality were determined based on the collected blood volume, total nucleated cell (TNC) count, and CD34+ cell count. Results: The neonatal birth weight influenced the collected blood volume, TNC count, and CD34+ cell count. Neonates with higher birth weights produced better quality UCB units because of increased collected blood volumes, TNC counts, and CD34+ cell counts. However, an increase in the gestational age from 35 to 41 weeks led to decreases in the collected blood volume and CD34+ cell count. Conclusion: These data may be useful for determining the optimal cord blood units for collection and cryopreservation and for advising pregnant women using private banking services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Hoang Nguyen
- Department of Stem Cell and Immune Cell, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van-Tinh Nguyen
- Department of Stem Cell and Immune Cell, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Vinmec Biobank, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thao Thi Chu
- Department of Stem Cell and Immune Cell, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Vinmec Biobank, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Linh-Huyen Truong
- Department of Stem Cell and Immune Cell, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thu Thi Hoai Do
- Department of Stem Cell and Immune Cell, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tu Dac Nguyen
- Department of Stem Cell and Immune Cell, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Vinmec Biobank, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anh Viet Bui
- Department of Stem Cell and Immune Cell, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Vinmec Biobank, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tien Anh Ngo
- Vinmec Biobank, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Uyen Thi Trang Than
- Department of Stem Cell and Immune Cell, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Liem Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Stem Cell and Immune Cell, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
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26
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Huang X, Guo B, Capitano M, Broxmeyer HE. Past, present, and future efforts to enhance the efficacy of cord blood hematopoietic cell transplantation. F1000Res 2019; 8. [PMID: 31723413 PMCID: PMC6823900 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.20002.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cord blood (CB) has been used as a viable source of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) in over 35,000 clinical hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) efforts to treat the same variety of malignant and non-malignant disorders treated by bone marrow (BM) and mobilized peripheral blood (mPB) using HLA-matched or partially HLA-disparate related or unrelated donor cells for adult and children recipients. This review documents the beginning of this clinical effort that started in the 1980’s, the pros and cons of CB HCT compared to BM and mPB HCT, and recent experimental and clinical efforts to enhance the efficacy of CB HCT. These efforts include means for increasing HSC numbers in single CB collections, expanding functional HSCs
ex vivo, and improving CB HSC homing and engraftment, all with the goal of clinical translation. Concluding remarks highlight the need for phase I/II clinical trials to test the experimental procedures that are described, either alone or in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Huang
- Xuhui Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Maegan Capitano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-5181, USA
| | - Hal E Broxmeyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202-5181, USA
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27
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Enrich E, Campos E, Martorell L, Herrero MJ, Vidal F, Querol S, Rudilla F. HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, and -DQB1 allele and haplotype frequencies: An analysis of umbilical cord blood units at the Barcelona Cord Blood Bank. HLA 2019; 94:347-359. [PMID: 31353832 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Allele-level HLA compatibility in cord blood transplantation has been associated with better transplant outcomes and is recommended as a selection criterion. It is also a crucial aspect for other therapeutic applications involving cord blood-derived cells. Determination of high-resolution HLA frequencies is an important step towards improving the quality of cord blood banks. We analyzed HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, and -DQB1 allele frequencies in 5458 high-quality cord blood units from the Barcelona Cord Blood Bank and identified 275 class I and 121 class II HLA alleles. A*02:01, B*44:03, C*07:01, DRB1*07:01 and DQB1*03:01 were the most frequent alleles at each locus. We detected 26 novel alleles and were able to determine the presence or absence of some null alleles, including C*04:09N, in a large number of units. We also analyzed maternal HLA typing information for 1877 units to determine real haplotype frequencies and linkage disequilibrium. A*29:02-B*44:03-C*16:01-DRB1*07:01-DQB1*02:02 was the most frequent HLA haplotype and the DRB1-DQB1 gene pair contained the two-locus haplotypes with the strongest linkage disequilibrium values. Four of the 11 unique haplotypes identified in the HLA-homozygous cord blood units were the top-ranking haplotypes identified and were present in 18% of the cohort. This is the first study to report on HLA allele and haplotype frequencies for umbilical cord blood units from the Barcelona Cord Blood Bank and the largest study to date involving two fields of HLA resolution typing of Spanish registry data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Enrich
- Immunogenetics and Histocompatibility Laboratory, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
- Transfusional Medicine Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (VHIR-UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Campos
- Immunogenetics and Histocompatibility Laboratory, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís Martorell
- Congenital Coagulopathy Laboratory, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
- Cell Therapy Unit, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María José Herrero
- Immunogenetics and Histocompatibility Laboratory, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Vidal
- Transfusional Medicine Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (VHIR-UAB), Barcelona, Spain
- Congenital Coagulopathy Laboratory, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergi Querol
- Transfusional Medicine Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (VHIR-UAB), Barcelona, Spain
- Cell Therapy Unit, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Rudilla
- Immunogenetics and Histocompatibility Laboratory, Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
- Transfusional Medicine Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (VHIR-UAB), Barcelona, Spain
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28
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Ex Vivo-expanded Natural Killer Cells Derived From Long-term Cryopreserved Cord Blood are Cytotoxic Against Primary Breast Cancer Cells. J Immunother 2019; 41:64-72. [PMID: 29189387 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
With over 600,000 units of umbilical cord blood (CB) stored on a global scale, it is important to elucidate the therapeutic abilities of this cryopreserved reservoir. In the advancing field of natural killer (NK) cell cancer immunotherapy, CB has proven to be a promising and noninvasive source of therapeutic NK cells. Although studies have proven the clinical efficacy of using long-term cryopreserved CB in the context of hematopoietic stem cell transplantations, little is known about its use for the ex vivo expansion of effector immune cells. Therefore, our group sought to derive ex vivo-expanded NK cells from long-term cryopreserved CB, using an artificial antigen presenting cell-mediated expansion technique. We compared the expansion potential and antitumor effector function of CB-derived NK (CB-NK) cells expanded from fresh (n=4), short-term cryopreserved (<1-year old, n=5), and long-term cryopreserved (1-10-year old, n=5) CB. Here, we demonstrated it is possible to obtain an exponential amount of expanded CB-NK cells from long-term cryopreserved CB. Ex vivo-expanded CB-NK cells had an increased surface expression of activating markers and showed potent antitumor function by producing robust levels of proinflammatory cytokines, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Moreover, expanded CB-NK cells (n=3-5) demonstrated cytotoxicity towards primary breast cancer cells (n=2) derived from a triple-negative breast cancer and an estrogen receptor-positive/progesterone receptor-positive breast cancer patient. Long-term cryopreservation had no effect on the expansion potential or effector function of expanded CB-NK cells. Therefore, we propose that long-term cryopreserved CB remains clinically useful for the ex vivo expansion of therapeutic NK cells.
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29
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Zhao L, Cheng G, Choksi K, Samanta A, Girgis M, Soder R, Vincent RJ, Wulser M, De Ruyter M, McEnulty P, Hauptman J, Yang Y, Weiner CP, Dawn B. Transplantation of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Cellular Fraction Improves Left Ventricular Function and Remodeling After Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion. Circ Res 2019; 125:759-772. [PMID: 31462157 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Rationale: Human umbilical cord blood (hUCB) contains diverse populations of stem/progenitor cells. Whether hUCB-derived nonhematopoietic cells would induce cardiac repair remains unknown. Objective: To examine whether intramyocardial transplantation of hUCB-derived CD45-Lin- nonhematopoietic cellular fraction after a reperfused myocardial infarction in nonimmunosuppressed rats would improve cardiac function and ameliorate ventricular remodeling. Methods and Results: Nonhematopoietic CD45-Lin- cells were isolated from hUCB. Flow cytometry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to characterize this subpopulation. Age-matched male Fischer 344 rats underwent a 30-minute coronary occlusion followed by reperfusion and 48 hours later received intramyocardial injection of vehicle or hUCB CD45-Lin- cells. After 35 days, compared with vehicle-treated rats, CD45-Lin- cell-treated rats exhibited improved left ventricular function, blunted left ventricular hypertrophy, greater preservation of viable myocardium in the infarct zone, and superior left ventricular remodeling. Mechanistically, hUCB CD45-Lin- cell injection favorably modulated molecular pathways regulating myocardial fibrosis, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, angiogenesis, and inflammation in postinfarct ventricular myocardium. Rare persistent transplanted human cells could be detected at both 4 and 35 days after myocardial infarction. Conclusions: Transplantation of hUCB-derived CD45-Lin- nonhematopoietic cellular subfraction after a reperfused myocardial infarction in nonimmunosuppressed rats ameliorates left ventricular dysfunction and improves remodeling via favorable paracrine modulation of molecular pathways. These findings with human cells in a clinically relevant model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion in immunocompetent animals may have significant translational implications.Visual Overview: An online visual overview is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Medicine (L.Z., G.C., M.G., J.H., Y.Y., B.D.)
| | - Guangming Cheng
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Medicine (L.Z., G.C., M.G., J.H., Y.Y., B.D.)
| | - Kashyap Choksi
- Cardiology Consultants of South Georgia, Thomasville (K.C.)
| | - Anweshan Samanta
- Department of Internal Medicine (A.S.), University of Missouri-Kansas City
| | - Magdy Girgis
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Medicine (L.Z., G.C., M.G., J.H., Y.Y., B.D.)
| | - Rupal Soder
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (R.S., R.J.V., M.W., C.P.W.)
| | - Robert J Vincent
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (R.S., R.J.V., M.W., C.P.W.)
| | - Michael Wulser
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (R.S., R.J.V., M.W., C.P.W.)
| | - Matt De Ruyter
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery (M.D.R.), University of Missouri-Kansas City
| | - Patrick McEnulty
- Department of Radiology, University of Kansas School of Medicine-Wichita (P.M.)
| | - Jeryl Hauptman
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Medicine (L.Z., G.C., M.G., J.H., Y.Y., B.D.)
| | - Yanjuan Yang
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Medicine (L.Z., G.C., M.G., J.H., Y.Y., B.D.)
| | - Carl P Weiner
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (R.S., R.J.V., M.W., C.P.W.)
| | - Buddhadeb Dawn
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas School of Medicine (L.Z., G.C., M.G., J.H., Y.Y., B.D.)
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Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Concepts and Perspectives on the Biology and Use of Fresh Versus In Vitro–Generated Cells for Therapeutic Applications. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40778-019-00162-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Lee YH, Koh H, Nam E, Kim YJ. Cryopreserved cord blood mononuclear cells in DMSO are healthy for at least 6 hours after thawing. Transfus Apher Sci 2019; 59:102603. [PMID: 31327732 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2019.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSES We investigated the impact of time, storage temperature, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on the viability of HSCs, as well as on apoptotic changes in thawed CB. MATERIALS & METHODS Thirteen units of cryopreserved CB were thawed and half of each sample was stored at room temperature (RT) and the other half at 4℃, without removing or diluting DMSO. Flow cytometry was employed to enumerate total nucleated cells (TNCs), total/viable CD34+ cells, and early/late apoptotic cells using anti-CD45, anti-CD34, and annexin V(AnV), 7-amino actinomycin D(AAD) staining, respectively. RESULTS In CBs stored at 4℃ there were no significant changes in numbers of TNCs, total/viable CD34+ cells, or early/late apoptotic cell up to 48 h. However, the numbers of these cells declined significantly at RT. Total and viable CD34+ cell counts did not change for up to 6 h at RT but viable CD34+ cells decreased significantly after 24 h, and total CD34+ cell after 48 h. Early and late apoptosis tended to increase with time at RT, and numbers of viable CD34+ cells and early apoptotic cells differed significantly between RT and 4℃ after 48 h. CONCLUSIONS There are no significant changes of viability and apoptosis in CBs stored in DMSO at 4℃ until 48 h after thawing, while at RT, there are no significant changes of total/viable CD34+ cell counts or in the proportion of apoptotic cells for at least 6 h after thawing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ho Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Republic of Korea; Blood/Marrow Transplantation, Hanyang University Medical Center, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hani Koh
- Department of Pediatrics, Republic of Korea; Blood/Marrow Transplantation, Hanyang University Medical Center, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunwoo Nam
- Biostatistical Consulting and Research Lab., Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Botein EF, Darwish A, El-Tantawy NL, El-Baz R, Eid MI, Shaltot AM. Serological and molecular screening of umbilical cord blood for Toxoplasma gondii infection. Transpl Infect Dis 2019; 21:e13117. [PMID: 31102567 DOI: 10.1111/tid.13117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human umbilical cord blood has proven to be a successful alternate source of hematopoietic stem cells for pediatric patients with major hematologic disorders. Toxoplasma gondii is a global opportunistic protozoan which cause fatal complications in immunocompromised individuals. AIM Our goal is to study the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in umbilical cord blood (UCB) and to assess the sensitivity of ELISA and PCR for Toxoplasma infection screening. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred cord blood samples were collected immediately after delivery. Anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies were determined using ELISA method; Toxoplasma DNA was detected using nested PCR technique. Total nucleated cells (TNC) and HB were also determined. Demographic data and risk factors data related to the transmission of toxoplasmosis, were collected from mothers. RESULTS Among 100 cord blood samples, 36 (36%) were positive for anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibodies and 6 (6%) were positive for anti-Toxoplasma IgM antibodies. The nested PCR showed 11 (11%) samples containing Toxoplasma DNA from which, 6 (55%) samples were IgM positive. There was no significant association between the risk of Toxoplasma transmission and cord blood positivity for toxoplasmosis. CONCLUSION Owing to the prevalence of toxoplasmosis, its rapid progression and its fatal outcome in immunocompromised patients, cord blood screening for toxoplasmosis with nested PCR should be incorporated into cord blood bank screening protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman F Botein
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Unit, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmad Darwish
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology Unit, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nora L El-Tantawy
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rizk El-Baz
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Genetics Unit, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed I Eid
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ali M Shaltot
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Genetics Unit, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Cord blood research, banking, and transplantation: achievements, challenges, and perspectives. Bone Marrow Transplant 2019; 55:48-61. [PMID: 31089283 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-019-0546-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The first hematopoietic transplant in which umbilical cord blood (UCB) was used as the source of hematopoietic cells was performed in October 1988. Since then, significant achievements have been reported in terms of our understanding of the biology of UCB-derived hematopoietic stem (HSCs) and progenitor (HPCs) cells. Over 40,000 UCB transplants (UCBTs) have been performed, in both children and adults, for the treatment of many different diseases, including hematologic, metabolic, immunologic, neoplastic, and neurologic disorders. In addition, cord blood banking has been developed to the point that around 800,000 units are being stored in public banks and more than 4 million units in private banks worldwide. During these 30 years, research in the UCB field has transformed the hematopoietic transplantation arena. Today, scientific and clinical teams are still working on different ways to improve and expand the use of UCB cells. A major effort has been focused on enhancing engraftment to potentially reduce risk of infection and cost. To that end, we have to understand in detail the molecular mechanisms controlling stem cell self-renewal that may lead to the development of ex vivo systems for HSCs expansion, characterize the mechanisms regulating the homing of HSCs and HPCs, and determine the relative place of UCBTs, as compared to other sources. These challenges will be met by encouraging innovative research on the basic biology of HSCs and HPCs, developing novel clinical trials, and improving UCB banking both in the public and private arenas.
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Dimas-González J, Nieto-Linares A, Millán-Rocha M, Salazar-Bailón JL, Lorenzo-Moreno BA, Rojo-Medina J. Thawing methods do not affect cell viability of CD45+ and CD34+ cells, but long-term cryopreservation of umbilical cord blood units generally decreases cell viability. Transfus Apher Sci 2019; 58:196-200. [PMID: 30902449 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Umbilical cord blood units (UCBUs) are collected and cryopreserved in biobanks for a future transplant. Hematopoietic stem cells and hematopoietic progenitor cells (HSC/HPC) present in UCB can be damaged due to factors such as the cryopreservation process, the thawing process, and prolonged storage time. METHODS UCBUs (n = 27) were obtained from the Biobank of the National Center of Blood Transfusion (NCBT) from Mexico. They contained three attached segments of UCBU, including 1.0-2.3 × 106 CD34+ cells prior to cryopreservation and were stored during the period from 2003 to 2015. Each UCB segment was thawed with three different methods and CD34 cells, CD45 cells, and 7-AAD were identified by flow cytometry. Furthermore, we carried out CFU assays, and trypan blue staining. RESULTS Viable CD45+ (vCD45+) cells, vCD34+ cells, CFU, and percentage of E-Clone were not statistically significant among three different thawing methods. The number of vCD45+ and vCD34+ cells diminished in the three thawing methods compared with the same cells prior to their cryopreservation (p < 0.0001). vCD45+ and vCD34+ cells diminished in the ≥10-year cryopreservation group (p < 0.001). In addition, percentage of recovery of vCD45+ and vCD34+ cells diminished in this same group (p = 0.013 and p < 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSION The thawing methods did not affect either cell viability (vCD45+ and vCD34+ cells) or pluripotency (CFU, percentage of E-Clone) in attached segments of UCBUs. The ≥10-year cryopreservation time in attached segments of UCBUs alters the number of vCD45+ and vCD34+ cells; however, it does not affect their pluripotency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisela Dimas-González
- Centro Nacional de la Transfusión Sanguínea, Av. Othón de Mendizábal 195, Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico..
| | - Adán Nieto-Linares
- Centro Nacional de la Transfusión Sanguínea, Av. Othón de Mendizábal 195, Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico..
| | - Miriam Millán-Rocha
- Centro Nacional de la Transfusión Sanguínea, Av. Othón de Mendizábal 195, Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico..
| | - José Luis Salazar-Bailón
- Centro Nacional de la Transfusión Sanguínea, Av. Othón de Mendizábal 195, Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico..
| | - Bardo Abraham Lorenzo-Moreno
- Centro Nacional de la Transfusión Sanguínea, Av. Othón de Mendizábal 195, Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico..
| | - Julieta Rojo-Medina
- Centro Nacional de la Transfusión Sanguínea, Av. Othón de Mendizábal 195, Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico..
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Hornberger K, Yu G, McKenna D, Hubel A. Cryopreservation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Emerging Assays, Cryoprotectant Agents, and Technology to Improve Outcomes. Transfus Med Hemother 2019; 46:188-196. [PMID: 31244587 DOI: 10.1159/000496068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) therapy is widely used to treat a growing number of hematological and non-hematological diseases. Cryopreservation of HSCs allows for cells to be transported from the site of processing to the site of clinical use, creates a larger window of time in which cells can be administered to patients, and allows sufficient time for quality control and regulatory testing. Currently, HSCs and other cell therapies conform to the same cryopreservation techniques as cells used for research purposes: cells are cryopreserved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at a slow cooling rate. As a result, HSC therapy can result in numerous adverse symptoms in patients due to the infusion of DMSO. Efforts are being made to improve the cryopreservation of HSCs for clinical use. This review discusses advances in the cryopreservation of HSCs from 2007 to the present. The preclinical development of new cryoprotectants and new technology to eliminate cryoprotectants after thawing are discussed in detail. Additional cryopreservation considerations are included, such as cooling rate, storage temperature, and cell concentration. Preclinical cell assessment and quality control are discussed, as well as clinical studies from the past decade that focus on new cryopreservation protocols to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathlyn Hornberger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Guanglin Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - David McKenna
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Allison Hubel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Functional Assays of Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Toxicology Research. Methods Mol Biol 2018. [PMID: 29882147 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8549-4_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
The hematopoietic stem cell is the foundational cell of the entire blood and immune system and as such is particularly sensitive to toxicological insults. While this review will identify some of the classes of chemicals known to be hematotoxic, most of the discussion will focus on the strengths and weaknesses of various hematological assays used in toxicology research. Furthermore, protocols for isolating both human and murine hematopoietic stem cells are described. Methodologies are also described for various culture systems useful for testing the impacts of potential toxicants on hematopoietic stem cells both in vivo and in vitro.
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Lo Presti V, Nierkens S, Boelens JJ, van Til NP. Use of cord blood derived T-cells in cancer immunotherapy: milestones achieved and future perspectives. Expert Rev Hematol 2018; 11:209-218. [PMID: 29359983 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2018.1431119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hematopoietic cell transplantation is a potentially lifesaving procedure for patients with hematological malignancies who are refractory to conventional chemotherapy and/or irradiation treatment. Umbilical cord blood (CB) transplantation, as a hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) source, has several advantages over bone marrow transplantation with respect to matching and prompt availability for transplantation. Additionally, CB has some inherent features, such as rapid expansion of T cells, lower prevalence of graft-versus-host disease and higher graft versus tumor efficacy that make this HSPC cell source more favorable over other HSPC sources. Areas covered: This review summarizes the current CB and CB derived T cell applications aiming to better disease control for hematological malignancies and discusses future directions to more effective therapies. Expert commentary: CB transplantation could be used as a platform to extract cord blood derived T cells for ex vivo expansion and/or gene modification to improve cellular immunotherapies. In addition, combining cord blood gene-engineered T cell products with vaccination strategies, such as cord blood derived dendritic cell based vaccines, may provide synergistic immunotherapies with enhanced anti-tumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vania Lo Presti
- a Laboratory of Translational Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , the Netherlands
| | - Stefan Nierkens
- a Laboratory of Translational Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , the Netherlands
| | - Jaap Jan Boelens
- a Laboratory of Translational Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , the Netherlands.,b Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , the Netherlands
| | - Niek P van Til
- a Laboratory of Translational Immunology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , the Netherlands
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38
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Lee YH. Storage and use of cord blood. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 2018. [DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2018.61.9.557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ho Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Morishima Y, Azuma F, Kashiwase K, Matsumoto K, Orihara T, Yabe H, Kato S, Kato K, Kai S, Mori T, Nakajima K, Morishima S, Satake M, Takanashi M, Yabe T. Risk of HLA Homozygous Cord Blood Transplantation: Implications for Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Banking and Transplantation. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 7:173-179. [PMID: 29274116 PMCID: PMC5788882 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical application of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) in autologous settings has just begun. To overcome the high time and cost barriers in the individual production of autologous iPS, the use of allogeneic iPS with a homozygous human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotype (HLA‐homo HP) has been proposed. Cord blood transplantation (CBT) is a suitable model for evaluating the allogeneic immunogenicity of iPS transplantation from HLA‐homo donors. We analyzed 1,374 Japanese single cord blood transplant pairs who were retrospectively typed as HLA‐A, ‐B, ‐C, ‐DRB1, ‐DQB1, and ‐DPB1. Among these, six pairs with donor HLA homo—patient‐HLA hetero (homo‐hetero) were found, all of which showed favorable neutrophil engraftment. Multivariate analysis revealed a significantly elevated engraftment risk (HR = 1.59) compared with hetero‐hetero pairs with HLA 1‐2 locus mismatch (789 pts) and comparative risk (HR = 1.23) compared with hetero‐hetero pairs with 0 mismatch (104 pts). These results for CBT with HLA‐homo HP cord blood carry an important implication, namely the possibility that HLA‐homo iPS transplantation results in favorable engraftment. Furthermore, we obtained detailed information on HLA alleles and haplotypes of HLA‐homo. All donor HLA‐homo HPs had a common specific ethnicity and high conservation of the HLA region, and one of two patient heterogeneous HPs invariably shared the same HP as donor HLA‐homo HP, and another non‐shared patient HP was mismatched with 1 to 4 HLA alleles of HLA‐A, ‐B, ‐C, and ‐DRB1 loci in the GVH direction. These findings indicate that patients possessing a single common HLA haplotype have a higher chance of yielding HLA‐homo iPS. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2018;7:173–179
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Morishima
- Central Japan Cord Blood Bank, Seto, Japan.,Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.,Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Azuma
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Kashiwase
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Koji Kato
- Central Japan Cord Blood Bank, Seto, Japan
| | - Shunro Kai
- Hyogo Cord Blood Bank, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Mori
- Japanese Red Cross Kyushu Cord Blood Bank, Chikushino, Japan
| | - Kazunori Nakajima
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoko Morishima
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology. Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan
| | | | | | - Toshio Yabe
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center, Tokyo, Japan
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Luo X, Lu H, Xiu B, Wu H, Li B, Li P, Chen Y, Zhou L, Zhang W, Dong Y, Liang A, Ding Y. Efficacy and safety of combined immunosuppressive therapy plus umbilical cord blood infusion in severe aplastic anemia patients: A cohort study. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:1966-1974. [PMID: 29434791 PMCID: PMC5776653 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined immunosuppressive therapy (IST) plus umbilical cord blood infusion (UCBI) in severe aplastic anemia (SAA) patients. A total of 68 patients with SAA were enrolled in the current prospective cohort study and divided into the IST (n=35; positive control) and IST+UCBI (n=33; experimental) groups according to the treatment conditions. Patients in the IST group were treated with rabbit antithymocyte globulin (r-ATG) at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg through intravenous infusion once a day for five days. This was combined with oral cyclosporine A (CsA) at a dose of 3–5 mg/kg twice a day for 2 years. Patients in the IST+UBCI group were treated with r-ATG and CsA at the same doses and frequencies as the IST group plus one UCBI 1 day after the final treatment with r-ATG. At 6 months post treatment, the complete response and overall response rate (ORR) of the IST+UCBI group were markedly higher compared with those in the IST group. Furthermore, patients in the IST+UCBI group achieved absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and platelet count responses more rapidly as compared with the IST group. However, no difference in the hemoglobin (Hb) response was identified between the two groups. In addition, SAA patients achieved responses in the ANC and platelet count more rapidly in comparison with very severe aplastic anemia (VSAA) patients, while the number of days to Hb responses were similar in the SAA and VSAA patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis also revealed that IST+UCBI treatment was an independent predicting factor for patients achieving complete response or partial response, whereas VSAA was an independent predictor of a worse ORR. Platelet and reticulocyte were also independent predicting factors. Finally, the survival of patients was similar between the groups, and no difference in the safety of the treatment was observed. In conclusion, combined IST plus UCBI treatment may be applied as an effective and safe therapy for SAA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Luo
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Huina Lu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Bing Xiu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Yuhua Chen
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Lili Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Aibin Liang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
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DPP4 truncated GM-CSF and IL-3 manifest distinct receptor-binding and regulatory functions compared with their full-length forms. Leukemia 2017; 31:2468-2478. [PMID: 28344320 PMCID: PMC5650952 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Dipeptidylpeptidase 4 (DPP4/CD26) enzymatically cleaves select
penultimate amino acids of proteins, including colony stimulating factors
(CSFs), and has been implicated in cellular regulation. To better understand the
role of DPP4 regulation of hematopoiesis, we analyzed the activity of DPP4 on
the surface of immature blood cells and then comparatively assessed the
interactions and functional effects of full-length (FL) and DPP4 truncated
factors [(T)-GM-CSF and- IL-3] on both in vitro
and in vivo models of normal and leukemic cells. T-GM-CSF and
T-IL-3 had enhanced receptor binding, but decreased CSF activity, compared to
their FL forms. Importantly, T-GM-CSF and T-IL-3 significantly, and
reciprocally, blunted receptor binding and myeloid progenitor cell proliferation
activity of both FL-GM-CSF and FL-IL-3 in vitro and in
vivo. Similar effects were apparent in vitro using
cluster forming cells from patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) regardless
of cytogenetic or molecular alterations and in vivo utilizing
animal models of leukemia. This suggests that DPP4 T-molecules have modified
binding and functions compared to their FL counterparts and may serve regulatory
roles in normal and malignant hematopoiesis.
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Park SJ, Lee SA, Prasain N, Bae D, Kang H, Ha T, Kim JS, Hong KS, Mantel C, Moon SH, Broxmeyer HE, Lee MR. Metabolome Profiling of Partial and Fully Reprogrammed Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:734-742. [PMID: 28346802 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acquisition of proper metabolomic fate is required to convert somatic cells toward fully reprogrammed pluripotent stem cells. The majority of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are partially reprogrammed and have a transcriptome different from that of the pluripotent stem cells. The metabolomic profile and mitochondrial metabolic functions required to achieve full reprogramming of somatic cells to iPSC status have not yet been elucidated. Clarification of the metabolites underlying reprogramming mechanisms should enable further optimization to enhance the efficiency of obtaining fully reprogrammed iPSCs. In this study, we characterized the metabolites of human fully reprogrammed iPSCs, partially reprogrammed iPSCs, and embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Using capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based metabolomics, we found that 89% of analyzed metabolites were similarly expressed in fully reprogrammed iPSCs and human ESCs (hESCs), whereas partially reprogrammed iPSCs shared only 74% similarly expressed metabolites with hESCs. Metabolomic profiling analysis suggested that converting mitochondrial respiration to glycolytic flux is critical for reprogramming of somatic cells into fully reprogrammed iPSCs. This characterization of metabolic reprogramming in iPSCs may enable the development of new reprogramming parameters for enhancing the generation of fully reprogrammed human iPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon-Jung Park
- 1 Department of Stem Cell Biology, Konkuk University School of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang A Lee
- 2 Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS) and Institute of Tissue Regeneration, Soon Chun Hyang University , Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Nutan Prasain
- 3 Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - Hyunsu Kang
- 2 Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS) and Institute of Tissue Regeneration, Soon Chun Hyang University , Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewon Ha
- 2 Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS) and Institute of Tissue Regeneration, Soon Chun Hyang University , Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Soo Kim
- 1 Department of Stem Cell Biology, Konkuk University School of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Sung Hong
- 5 Department of Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Charlie Mantel
- 6 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sung-Hwan Moon
- 5 Department of Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hal E Broxmeyer
- 6 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Man Ryul Lee
- 2 Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS) and Institute of Tissue Regeneration, Soon Chun Hyang University , Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
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Seo SH, Shin S, Roh EY, Song EY, Oh S, Kim BJ, Yoon JH. Long-Term Quality Control Program Plan for Cord Blood Banks in Korea: A Pilot Study for Cryopreservation Stability. Ann Lab Med 2017; 37:124-128. [PMID: 28028998 PMCID: PMC5203989 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2017.37.2.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maintaining the quality of cryopreserved cord blood is crucial. In this pilot study, we describe the results of the internal quality control program for a cord blood bank thus far. Methods Donated cord blood units unsuitable for transplantation were selected for internal quality control once a month. One unit of cord blood, aliquoted into 21 capillaries, was cryopreserved and thawed annually to analyze the total nucleated cell count, CD34+ cell count, cell viability test, and colony-forming units assay. Results No significant differences in the variables (total nucleated cell count, cell viability, CD34+ cell count) were observed between samples cryopreserved for one and two years. Upon comparing the variables before cryopreservation and post thawing with the capillaries of one year of storage, cell viability and CD34+ cell counts decreased significantly. The use of cord blood samples in capillaries, which can be easily stored for a long period, was similar to the methods used for testing segments attached to the cord blood unit. Conclusions The results of this study may be useful for determining the period during which the quality of cryopreserved cord blood units used for transplantation is maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Hyun Seo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Seoul Metropolitan Government Public Cord Blood Bank (Allcord), Seoul, Korea
| | - Sue Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Seoul Metropolitan Government Public Cord Blood Bank (Allcord), Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Youn Roh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Seoul Metropolitan Government Public Cord Blood Bank (Allcord), Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Young Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sohee Oh
- Department of Biostatics, Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byoung Jae Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Yoon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Seoul Metropolitan Government Public Cord Blood Bank (Allcord), Seoul, Korea.
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Al-Deghaither SY. Impact of maternal and neonatal factors on parameters of hematopoietic potential in umbilical cord blood. Saudi Med J 2016; 36:704-12. [PMID: 25987113 PMCID: PMC4454905 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2015.6.11247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To determine characteristics of laboratory parameters of hematopoietic potential in umbilical cord blood and their association with maternal and neonatal factors. Methods: This prospective analysis was performed on 206 umbilical cord blood donations (50-200 ml) from King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between January and September 2014. Samples were processed and analyzed for total nucleated cells (TNC’s), cluster designation (CD)45+, CD34+ counts, nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs) count, and viability testing. Results: Most of the study participants (63.6%) were on their first 3 deliveries and from women with age between 17 and 30 years (80.6%). The donated volume was 50.4-192.4 ml, TNCs ranged from 500.2×106 to 9430.3 ×106 cells, and CD34+ cells ranged from 1.25×106 to 12.82×106/unit. The volume was positively affected by bigger birth weight of the baby (p<0.0001), larger placenta (p=0.001), TNCs (p<0.0001), CD34+ (p<0.0001), NRBCs (p<0.0001), and viability (p=0.002). There were no statistically significant differences between baby boys and girls for laboratory variables. Conclusion: In the selection and identification of a possible donor of umbilical cord blood, several maternal and neonatal factors should be considered, as younger maternal age, neonatal birth weight >3300 grams, larger placental size, and first or second-born babies, were shown to be associated with higher TNCs, CD34+, CD45+, NRBCs, and viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Y Al-Deghaither
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, PO Box 3160, Riyadh 12444, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail.
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Moon J, Schwarz SC, Lee H, Kang JM, Lee Y, Kim B, Sung M, Höglinger G, Wegner F, Kim JS, Chung H, Chang SW, Cha KY, Kim K, Schwarz J. Preclinical Analysis of Fetal Human Mesencephalic Neural Progenitor Cell Lines: Characterization and Safety In Vitro and In Vivo. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 6:576-588. [PMID: 28191758 PMCID: PMC5442800 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a good manufacturing practice for long‐term cultivation of fetal human midbrain‐derived neural progenitor cells. The generation of human dopaminergic neurons may serve as a tool of either restorative cell therapies or cellular models, particularly as a reference for phenotyping region‐specific human neural stem cell lines such as human embryonic stem cells and human inducible pluripotent stem cells. We cultivated 3 different midbrain neural progenitor lines at 10, 12, and 14 weeks of gestation for more than a year and characterized them in great detail, as well as in comparison with Lund mesencephalic cells. The whole cultivation process of tissue preparation, cultivation, and cryopreservation was developed using strict serum‐free conditions and standardized operating protocols under clean‐room conditions. Long‐term‐cultivated midbrain‐derived neural progenitor cells retained stemness, midbrain fate specificity, and floorplate markers. The potential to differentiate into authentic A9‐specific dopaminergic neurons was markedly elevated after prolonged expansion, resulting in large quantities of functional dopaminergic neurons without genetic modification. In restorative cell therapeutic approaches, midbrain‐derived neural progenitor cells reversed impaired motor function in rodents, survived well, and did not exhibit tumor formation in immunodeficient nude mice in the short or long term (8 and 30 weeks, respectively). We conclude that midbrain‐derived neural progenitor cells are a promising source for human dopaminergic neurons and suitable for long‐term expansion under good manufacturing practice, thus opening the avenue for restorative clinical applications or robust cellular models such as high‐content or high‐throughput screening. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:576–588
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisook Moon
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam‐si, Gyeonggi‐do, Korea
- General Research Division, Korea Research‐Driven Hospital, Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam‐si, Gyeonggi‐do, Korea
| | - Sigrid C. Schwarz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hyun‐Seob Lee
- General Research Division, Korea Research‐Driven Hospital, Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam‐si, Gyeonggi‐do, Korea
| | - Jun Mo Kang
- General Research Division, Korea Research‐Driven Hospital, Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam‐si, Gyeonggi‐do, Korea
| | - Young‐Eun Lee
- General Research Division, Korea Research‐Driven Hospital, Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam‐si, Gyeonggi‐do, Korea
| | - Bona Kim
- Development Division, CHA Biotech, Seongnam‐si, Gyeonggi‐do, Korea
| | - Mi‐Young Sung
- Development Division, CHA Biotech, Seongnam‐si, Gyeonggi‐do, Korea
| | - Günter Höglinger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Wegner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jin Su Kim
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung‐Min Chung
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin‐gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Woon Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam‐si, Gyeonggi‐do, Korea
| | - Kwang Yul Cha
- General Research Division, Korea Research‐Driven Hospital, Bundang CHA Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam‐si, Gyeonggi‐do, Korea
| | - Kwang‐Soo Kim
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Program in Neuroscience and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Johannes Schwarz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Zainal Ariffin SH, Mohamed Rozali NA, Megat Abdul Wahab R, Senafi S, Zainol Abidin IZ, Zainal Ariffin Z. Analyses of basal media and serum for in vitro expansion of suspension peripheral blood mononucleated stem cell. Cytotechnology 2016; 68:675-86. [PMID: 26231833 PMCID: PMC4960118 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-014-9819-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of stem cells requires a huge amount of cells, deeming the expansion of the cells in vitro necessary. The aim of this study is to define the optimal combination of basal medium and serum for the expansion of suspension peripheral blood mononucleated stem cells (PBMNSCs) without resulting in loss in the differentiation potential. Mononucleated cells were isolated from both mice and human peripheral blood samples through gradient centrifugation and expanded in α-MEM, RPMI, MEM or DMEM supplemented with either NBCS or FBS. The suspension cells were then differentiated to osteoblast. Our data suggested that α-MEM supplemented with 10 % (v/v) NBCS gives the highest fold increase after 14 days of culture for both mice and human PBMNSCs, which were ~1.51 and ~2.01 times, respectively. The suspension PBMNSCs in the respective medium were also able to maintain osteoblast differentiation potential as supported by the significant increase in ALP specific activity. The cells are also viable during the differentiated states when using this media. All these data strongly suggested that α-MEM supplemented with 10 % NBCS is the best media for the expansion of both mouse and human suspension PBMNSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrul Hisham Zainal Ariffin
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Akmal Mohamed Rozali
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rohaya Megat Abdul Wahab
- Department of Orthodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sahidan Senafi
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Intan Zarina Zainol Abidin
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zaidah Zainal Ariffin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, MARA University of Technology, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
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Lee MR, Mantel C, Lee SA, Moon SH, Broxmeyer HE. MiR-31/SDHA Axis Regulates Reprogramming Efficiency through Mitochondrial Metabolism. Stem Cell Reports 2016; 7:1-10. [PMID: 27346679 PMCID: PMC4944586 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolism is remodeled when somatic cells are reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), but the majority of iPSCs are not fully reprogrammed. In a shift essential for reprogramming, iPSCs use less mitochondrial respiration but increased anaerobic glycolysis for bioenergetics. We found that microRNA 31 (miR-31) suppressed succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit A (SDHA) expression, vital for mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complex II. MiR-31 overexpression in partially reprogrammed iPSCs lowered SDHA expression levels and oxygen consumption rates to that of fully reprogrammed iPSCs, but did not increase the proportion of fully reprogrammed TRA1-60(+) cells in colonies unless miR-31 was co-transduced with Yamanaka factors, which resulted in a 2.7-fold increase in full reprogramming. Thus switching from mitochondrial respiration to glycolytic metabolism through regulation of the miR-31/SDHA axis is critical for lowering the reprogramming threshold. This is supportive of multi-stage reprogramming whereby metabolic remodeling is fundamental.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Ryul Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 950 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5181, USA; Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science, Institute of Tissue Regeneration, Soon Chun Hyang University, Asan-si, 31151 Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Charlie Mantel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 950 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5181, USA
| | - Sang A Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science, Institute of Tissue Regeneration, Soon Chun Hyang University, Asan-si, 31151 Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Moon
- School of Medicine, Kon Kuk University, 05029 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hal E Broxmeyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 950 West Walnut Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5181, USA.
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Abstract
Clinical cord blood (CB) hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has progressed well since the initial successful CB HCT that saved the life of a young boy with Fanconi anemia. The recipient is alive and well now 28 years out since that first transplant with CB cells from his HLA-matched sister. CB HCT has now been used to treat over 35,000 patients with various malignant and non-malignant disorders mainly using HLA-matched or partially HLA-disparate allogeneic CB cells. There are advantages and disadvantages to using CB for HCT compared to other sources of transplantable hematopoietic stem (HSC) and progenitor (HPC) cells. One disadvantage of the use of CB as a source of transplantable HSC and HPC is the limited number of these cells in a single CB collected, and slower time to neutrophil, platelet and immune cell recovery. This review describes current attempts to: increase the collection of HSC/HPC from CB, enhance the homing of the infused cells, ex-vivo expand numbers of collected HSC/HPC and increase production of the infused CB cells that reach the marrow. The ultimate goal is to manipulate efficiency and efficacy for safe and economical use of single unit CB HCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hal E Broxmeyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
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49
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Enhanced Generation of Integration-free iPSCs from Human Adult Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells with an Optimal Combination of Episomal Vectors. Stem Cell Reports 2016; 6:873-884. [PMID: 27161365 PMCID: PMC4911493 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported the generation of integration-free induced pluripotent stem cells from adult peripheral blood (PB) with an improved episomal vector (EV) system, which uses the spleen focus-forming virus U3 promoter and an extra factor BCL-XL (B). Here we show an ∼100-fold increase in efficiency by optimizing the vector combination. The two most critical factors are: (1) equimolar expression of OCT4 (O) and SOX2 (S), by using a 2A linker; (2) a higher and gradual increase in the MYC (M) to KLF4 (K) ratio during the course of reprogramming, by using two individual vectors to express M and K instead of one. The combination of EV plasmids (OS + M + K + B) is comparable with Sendai virus in reprogramming efficiency but at a fraction of the cost. The generated iPSCs are indistinguishable from those from our previous approach in pluripotency and phenotype. This improvement lays the foundation for broad applications of episomal vectors in PB reprogramming. Expression of MYC and KLF4 with two episomal vectors is critical for PB reprogramming Optimized episomal vector combination shows an ∼100-fold increase in reprogramming This system is comparable with Sendai virus in generating integration-free iPSCs
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50
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Capitano ML, Hangoc G, Cooper S, Broxmeyer HE. Mild Heat Treatment Primes Human CD34(+) Cord Blood Cells for Migration Toward SDF-1α and Enhances Engraftment in an NSG Mouse Model. Stem Cells 2016; 33:1975-84. [PMID: 25753525 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Simple efforts are needed to enhance cord blood (CB) transplantation. We hypothesized that short-term exposure of CD34(+) CB cells to 39.5°C would enhance their response to stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), by increasing lipid raft aggregation and CXCR4 expression, thus leading to enhanced engraftment. Mild hyperthermia (39.5°C) significantly increased the percent of CD34(+) CB that migrated toward SDF-1. This was associated with increased expression of CXCR4 on the cells. Mechanistically, mild heating increased the percent of CD34(+) cells with aggregated lipid rafts and enhanced colocalization of CXCR4 within lipid raft domains. Using methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD), an agent that blocks lipid raft aggregation, it was determined that this enhancement in chemotaxis was dependent upon lipid raft aggregation. Colocalization of Rac1, a GTPase crucial for cell migration and adhesion, with CXCR4 to the lipid raft was essential for the effects of heat on chemotaxis, as determined with an inhibitor of Rac1 activation, NSC23766. Application-wise, mild heat treatment significantly increased the percent chimerism as well as homing and engraftment of CD34(+) CB cells in sublethally irradiated non-obese diabetic severe combined immunodeficiency IL-2 receptor gamma chain d (NSG) mice. Mild heating may be a simple and inexpensive means to enhance engraftment following CB transplantation in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maegan L Capitano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Giao Hangoc
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Scott Cooper
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Hal E Broxmeyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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