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Abstract
The core binding factor composed of CBFβ and RUNX subunits plays a critical role in most hematopoietic lineages and is deregulated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The fusion oncogene CBFβ-SMMHC expressed in AML with the chromosome inversion inv(16)(p13q22) acts as a driver oncogene in hematopoietic stem cells and induces AML. This review focuses on novel insights regarding the molecular mechanisms involved in CBFβ-SMMHC-driven leukemogenesis and recent advances in therapeutic approaches to target CBFβ-SMMHC in inv(16) AML.
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RUNX1 and CBFβ-SMMHC transactivate target genes together in abnormal myeloid progenitors for leukemia development. Blood 2021; 136:2373-2385. [PMID: 32929473 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020007747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inversion of chromosome 16 is a consistent finding in patients with acute myeloid leukemia subtype M4 with eosinophilia, which generates a CBFB-MYH11 fusion gene. It is generally considered that CBFβ-SMMHC, the fusion protein encoded by CBFB-MYH11, is a dominant negative repressor of RUNX1. However, recent findings challenge the RUNX1-repression model for CBFβ-SMMHC-mediated leukemogenesis. To definitively address the role of Runx1 in CBFB-MYH11-induced leukemia, we crossed conditional Runx1 knockout mice (Runx1f/f) with conditional Cbfb-MYH11 knockin mice (Cbfb+/56M). On Mx1-Cre activation in hematopoietic cells induced by poly (I:C) injection, all Mx1-CreCbfb+/56M mice developed leukemia in 5 months, whereas no leukemia developed in Runx1f/fMx1-CreCbfb+/56M mice, and this effect was cell autonomous. Importantly, the abnormal myeloid progenitors (AMPs), a leukemia-initiating cell population induced by Cbfb-MYH11 in the bone marrow, decreased and disappeared in Runx1f/fMx1-CreCbfb+/56M mice. RNA-seq analysis of AMP cells showed that genes associated with proliferation, differentiation blockage, and leukemia initiation were differentially expressed between Mx1-CreCbfb+/56M and Runx1f/fMx1-CreCbfb+/56M mice. In addition, with the chromatin immunocleavage sequencing assay, we observed a significant enrichment of RUNX1/CBFβ-SMMHC target genes in Runx1f/fMx1-CreCbfb+/56M cells, especially among downregulated genes, suggesting that RUNX1 and CBFβ-SMMHC mainly function together as activators of gene expression through direct target gene binding. These data indicate that Runx1 is indispensable for Cbfb-MYH11-induced leukemogenesis by working together with CBFβ-SMMHC to regulate critical genes associated with the generation of a functional AMP population.
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Hsu J, Huang HT, Lee CT, Choudhuri A, Wilson NK, Abraham BJ, Moignard V, Kucinski I, Yu S, Hyde RK, Tober J, Cai X, Li Y, Guo Y, Yang S, Superdock M, Trompouki E, Calero-Nieto FJ, Ghamari A, Jiang J, Gao P, Gao L, Nguyen V, Robertson AL, Durand EM, Kathrein KL, Aifantis I, Gerber SA, Tong W, Tan K, Cantor AB, Zhou Y, Liu PP, Young RA, Göttgens B, Speck NA, Zon LI. CHD7 and Runx1 interaction provides a braking mechanism for hematopoietic differentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:23626-23635. [PMID: 32883883 PMCID: PMC7519295 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2003228117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) formation and lineage differentiation involve gene expression programs orchestrated by transcription factors and epigenetic regulators. Genetic disruption of the chromatin remodeler chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 7 (CHD7) expanded phenotypic HSPCs, erythroid, and myeloid lineages in zebrafish and mouse embryos. CHD7 acts to suppress hematopoietic differentiation. Binding motifs for RUNX and other hematopoietic transcription factors are enriched at sites occupied by CHD7, and decreased RUNX1 occupancy correlated with loss of CHD7 localization. CHD7 physically interacts with RUNX1 and suppresses RUNX1-induced expansion of HSPCs during development through modulation of RUNX1 activity. Consequently, the RUNX1:CHD7 axis provides proper timing and function of HSPCs as they emerge during hematopoietic development or mature in adults, representing a distinct and evolutionarily conserved control mechanism to ensure accurate hematopoietic lineage differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingmei Hsu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Hsuan-Ting Huang
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Chung-Tsai Lee
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Avik Choudhuri
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - Nicola K Wilson
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom CB2 OXY
| | - Brian J Abraham
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - Victoria Moignard
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom CB2 OXY
| | - Iwo Kucinski
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom CB2 OXY
| | - Shuqian Yu
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - R Katherine Hyde
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Joanna Tober
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Xiongwei Cai
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Yan Li
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Yalin Guo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH 03756
| | - Song Yang
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Michael Superdock
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Eirini Trompouki
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Fernando J Calero-Nieto
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom CB2 OXY
| | - Alireza Ghamari
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Jing Jiang
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Peng Gao
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Long Gao
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Vy Nguyen
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Anne L Robertson
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Ellen M Durand
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Katie L Kathrein
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Iannis Aifantis
- Department of Pathology and Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Scott A Gerber
- Department of Genetics, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH 03756
| | - Wei Tong
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Kai Tan
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Alan B Cantor
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Yi Zhou
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - P Paul Liu
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Richard A Young
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom CB2 OXY
| | - Nancy A Speck
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104;
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Leonard I Zon
- Stem Cell Program and Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115;
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138
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Kamikubo Y. CROX (Cluster Regulation of RUNX) as a Potential Novel Therapeutic Approach. Mol Cells 2020; 43:198-202. [PMID: 31991534 PMCID: PMC7057841 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2019.0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive inhibition of RUNX1, RUNX2, and RUNX3 led to marked cell suppression compared with inhibition of RUNX1 alone, clarifying that the RUNX family members are important for proliferation and maintenance of diverse cancers, and "cluster regulation of RUNX (CROX)" is a very effective strategy to suppress cancer cells. Recent studies reported by us and other groups suggested that wild-type RUNX1 is needed for survival and proliferation of certain types of leukemia, lung cancer, gastric cancer, etc. and for their one of metastatic target sites such as born marrow endothelial niche, suggesting that RUNX1 often functions oncogenic manners in cancer cells. In this review, we describe the significance and paradoxical requirement of RUNX1 tumor suppressor in leukemia and even solid cancers based on recent our findings such as "genetic compensation of RUNX family transcription factors (the compensation mechanism for the total level of RUNX family protein expression)", "RUNX1 inhibition-induced inhibitory effects on leukemia cells and on solid cancers through p53 activation", and "autonomous feedback loop of RUNX1-p53-CBFB in acute myeloid leukemia cells". Taken together, these findings identify a crucial role for the RUNX cluster in the maintenance and progression of cancers and suggest that modulation of the RUNX cluster using the pyrrole-imidazole polyamide gene-switch technology is a potential novel therapeutic approach to control cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Kamikubo
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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Kamikubo Y. Genetic compensation of RUNX family transcription factors in leukemia. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:2358-2363. [PMID: 29883054 PMCID: PMC6113440 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Runt (Runt domain)‐related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) is a transcription factor belonging to the core‐binding factor (CBF) family. It is considered to be a master regulator of hematopoiesis and has been regarded as a tumor suppressor because it is essential for definitive hematopoiesis in vertebrates. It is one of the most frequent target genes of chromosomal translocation in leukemia, and germ line mutation of RUNX1 causes familial platelet disorder with associated myeloid malignancies. Somatic cell mutations and chromosomal abnormalities, including those of RUNX1, are observed in myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia at a high frequency. In addition, recent studies reported by us and other groups suggested that WT RUNX1 is needed for survival and proliferation of certain types of leukemia. In this review, we describe the significance and paradoxical requirement of RUNX1 tumor suppressor in hematological malignancies based on recent findings such as “Genetic compensation of RUNX family transcription factors in leukemia,” “RUNX1 inhibition‐induced inhibitory effects on leukemia cells through p53 activation” and our novel promising theory “Cluster regulation of RUNX (CROX)” through the RUNX gene switch method using pyrrole‐imidazole polyamides as a new technique that could contribute to the next generation of leukemia treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Kamikubo
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Richter L, Wang Y, Hyde RK. Targeting binding partners of the CBFβ-SMMHC fusion protein for the treatment of inversion 16 acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2018; 7:66255-66266. [PMID: 27542261 PMCID: PMC5323231 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inversion of chromosome 16 (inv(16)) generates the CBFβ-SMMHC fusion protein and is found in nearly all patients with acute myeloid leukemia subtype M4 with Eosinophilia (M4Eo). Expression of CBFβ-SMMHC is causative for leukemia development, but the molecular mechanisms underlying its activity are unclear. Recently, there have been important advances in defining the role of CBFβ-SMMHC and its binding partners, the transcription factor RUNX1 and the histone deacetylase HDAC8. Importantly, initial trials demonstrate that small molecules targeting these binding partners are effective against CBFβ-SMMHC induced leukemia. This review will discuss recent advances in defining the mechanism of CBFβ-SMMHC activity, as well as efforts to develop new therapies for inv(16) AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Richter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Yiqian Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - R Katherine Hyde
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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Chd7 deficiency delays leukemogenesis in mice induced by Cbfb-MYH11. Blood 2017; 130:2431-2442. [PMID: 29018080 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-04-780106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inversion of chromosome 16 is a consistent finding in patients with acute myeloid leukemia subtype M4 with eosinophilia, which generates a CBFB-MYH11 fusion gene. Previous studies showed that the interaction between CBFβ-smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMMHC; encoded by CBFB-MYH11) and RUNX1 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of this leukemia. Recently, it was shown that chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein-7 (CHD7) interacts with RUNX1 and suppresses RUNX1-induced expansion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. These results suggest that CHD7 is also critical for CBFB-MYH11-induced leukemogenesis. To test this hypothesis, we generated Chd7f/fMx1-CreCbfb+/56M mice, which expressed the Cbfb-MYH11 fusion gene and deactivated Chd7 in hematopoietic cells upon inducing Cre with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid. The Lin-Sca1-c-Kit+ (LK) population was significantly lower in Chd7f/fMx1-CreCbfb+/56M mice than in Mx1-CreCbfb+/56M mice. In addition, there were fewer 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-positive cells in the LK population in Chd7f/fMx1-CreCbfb+/56M mice, and genes associated with cell cycle, cell growth, and proliferation were differentially expressed between Chd7f/fMx1-CreCbfb+/56M and Mx1-CreCbfb+/56M leukemic cells. In vitro studies showed that CHD7 interacted with CBFβ-SMMHC through RUNX1 and that CHD7 enhanced transcriptional activity of RUNX1 and CBFβ-SMMHC on Csf1r, a RUNX1 target gene. Moreover, RNA sequencing of c-Kit+ cells showed that CHD7 functions mostly through altering the expression of RUNX1 target genes. Most importantly, Chd7 deficiency delayed Cbfb-MYH11-induced leukemia in both primary and transplanted mice. These data indicate that Chd7 is important for Cbfb-MYH11-induced leukemogenesis by facilitating RUNX1 regulation of transcription and cellular proliferation.
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The C-terminal multimerization domain is essential for leukemia development by CBFβ-SMMHC in a mouse knockin model. Leukemia 2017; 31:2841-2844. [PMID: 28819283 PMCID: PMC5718931 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Villacis RAR, Basso TR, Canto LM, Pinheiro M, Santiago KM, Giacomazzi J, de Paula CAA, Carraro DM, Ashton-Prolla P, Achatz MI, Rogatto SR. Rare germline alterations in cancer-related genes associated with the risk of multiple primary tumor development. J Mol Med (Berl) 2017; 95:523-533. [PMID: 28093616 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1507-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multiple primary tumors (MPT) have been described in carriers of inherited cancer predisposition genes. However, the genetic etiology of a large proportion of MPT cases remains unclear. We reviewed 267 patients with hereditary cancer predisposition syndromes (HCPS) that underwent genetic counseling and selected 22 patients with MPT to perform genomic analysis (CytoScan HD Array, Affymetrix) aiming to identify new alterations related to a high risk of developing MPT. Twenty patients had a positive family history of cancer and 11 met phenotypic criteria for HCPS. Genetic testing for each of the genes associated with these syndromes revealed negative results for pathogenic mutations. Seventeen rare germline copy number variations (CNVs) covering 40 genes were identified in 11 patients, including an EPCAM/MSH2 deletion in one Lynch syndrome patient. An enrichment analysis revealed a significant number of genes (where the CNVs are mapped) associated with carcinogenesis and/or related to functions implicated with tumor development, such as proliferation and cell survival. An interaction network analysis highlighted the importance of TP53 pathway in cancer emergence. A high number of germline copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity (cnLOH) was identified in nine cases, particularly in two patients. Eighteen genes were covered by both rare CNVs and cnLOH, including 14 related to tumorigenesis and seven genes (ABCC1, KDM4C, KIAA0430, MYH11, NDE1, PIWIL2, and ULK2) specifically associated with cellular growth and proliferation. Overall, we identified 14 cases with rare CNVs and/or cnLOH that may contribute to the risk of MPT development. KEY MESSAGE CNVs may explain the risk of hereditary cancer syndromes in MPT patients. CNVs affecting genes related to cancer are candidates to be involved in MPT risk. EPCAM/MSH2 deletions should be investigated in patients suspected to have LS. Gene enrichment related to the TP53 network is associated with MPT development. cnLOH and CNVs contribute to the risk of MPT development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolando A R Villacis
- International Center for Research (CIPE), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiane R Basso
- International Center for Research (CIPE), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luisa M Canto
- International Center for Research (CIPE), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maísa Pinheiro
- International Center for Research (CIPE), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Karina M Santiago
- Department of Oncogenetics, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Giacomazzi
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) and Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cláudia A A de Paula
- International Center for Research (CIPE), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Dirce M Carraro
- International Center for Research (CIPE), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Ashton-Prolla
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) and Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria I Achatz
- Department of Oncogenetics, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI)/National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Silvia R Rogatto
- International Center for Research (CIPE), A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Department of Clinical Genetics, Vejle Sygehus, Kabbeltoft 25, 7100, Vejle, Denmark. .,Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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Qi J, Singh S, Hua WK, Cai Q, Chao SW, Li L, Liu H, Ho Y, McDonald T, Lin A, Marcucci G, Bhatia R, Huang WJ, Chang CI, Kuo YH. HDAC8 Inhibition Specifically Targets Inv(16) Acute Myeloid Leukemic Stem Cells by Restoring p53 Acetylation. Cell Stem Cell 2015; 17:597-610. [PMID: 26387755 PMCID: PMC4636961 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is driven and sustained by leukemia stem cells (LSCs) with unlimited self-renewal capacity and resistance to chemotherapy. Mutation in the TP53 tumor suppressor is relatively rare in de novo AML; however, p53 can be regulated through post-translational mechanisms. Here, we show that p53 activity is inhibited in inv(16)(+) AML LSCs via interactions with the CBFβ-SMMHC (CM) fusion protein and histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8). HDAC8 aberrantly deacetylates p53 and promotes LSC transformation and maintenance. HDAC8 deficiency or inhibition using HDAC8-selective inhibitors (HDAC8i) effectively restores p53 acetylation and activity. Importantly, HDAC8 inhibition induces apoptosis in inv(16)(+) AML CD34(+) cells, while sparing the normal hematopoietic stem cells. Furthermore, in vivo HDAC8i administration profoundly diminishes AML propagation and abrogates leukemia-initiating capacity of both murine and patient-derived LSCs. This study elucidates an HDAC8-mediated p53-inactivating mechanism promoting LSC activity and highlights HDAC8 inhibition as a promising approach to selectively target inv(16)(+) LSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qi
- Division of Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Leukemia Research, Beckman Research Institute, Norbert Gehr and Family Leukemia Center, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Division of Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Leukemia Research, Beckman Research Institute, Norbert Gehr and Family Leukemia Center, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Wei-Kai Hua
- Division of Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Leukemia Research, Beckman Research Institute, Norbert Gehr and Family Leukemia Center, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Qi Cai
- Division of Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Leukemia Research, Beckman Research Institute, Norbert Gehr and Family Leukemia Center, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | | | - Ling Li
- Division of Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Leukemia Research, Beckman Research Institute, Norbert Gehr and Family Leukemia Center, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Hongjun Liu
- Division of Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Leukemia Research, Beckman Research Institute, Norbert Gehr and Family Leukemia Center, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Yinwei Ho
- Division of Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Leukemia Research, Beckman Research Institute, Norbert Gehr and Family Leukemia Center, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Tinisha McDonald
- Division of Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Leukemia Research, Beckman Research Institute, Norbert Gehr and Family Leukemia Center, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Allen Lin
- Division of Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Leukemia Research, Beckman Research Institute, Norbert Gehr and Family Leukemia Center, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Guido Marcucci
- Division of Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Leukemia Research, Beckman Research Institute, Norbert Gehr and Family Leukemia Center, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Ravi Bhatia
- Division of Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Leukemia Research, Beckman Research Institute, Norbert Gehr and Family Leukemia Center, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | | | - Chung-I Chang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11574, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Huei Kuo
- Division of Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Leukemia Research, Beckman Research Institute, Norbert Gehr and Family Leukemia Center, City of Hope Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
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11
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Hyde RK, Zhao L, Alemu L, Liu PP. Runx1 is required for hematopoietic defects and leukemogenesis in Cbfb-MYH11 knock-in mice. Leukemia 2015; 29:1771-8. [PMID: 25742748 PMCID: PMC4526349 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
CBFβ-SMMHC, the fusion protein generated by the chromosome 16 inversion fusion gene, CBFB-MYH11, is known to initiate leukemogenesis. However, the mechanism through which CBFβ-SMMHC contributes to leukemia development is not well understood. Previously it was proposed that CBFβ-SMMHC acts by dominantly repressing the transcription factor RUNX1, but we recently showed that CBFβ-SMMHC has activities that are independent of RUNX1 repression. In addition, we showed that a modified CBFβ-SMMHC with decreased RUNX1 binding activity accelerates leukemogenesis. These results raise questions about the importance of RUNX1 in leukemogenesis by CBFβ-SMMHC. To test this, we generated mice expressing Cbfb-MYH11 in a Runx1 deficient background, resulting from either homozygous Runx1 null alleles (Runx1−/−) or a single dominant negative Runx1 allele (Runx1+/lz). We found that loss of Runx1 activity rescued the differentiation defects induced by Cbfb-MYH11 during primitive hematopoiesis. During definitive hematopoiesis, RUNX1 loss also significantly reduced the proliferation and differentiation defects induced by Cbfb-MYH11. Importantly, Cbfb-MYH11 induced leukemia had much longer latency in Runx1+/lz mice than in Runx1 sufficient mice. These data indicate that Runx1 activity is critical for Cbfb-MYH11 induced hematopoietic defects and leukemogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Hyde
- Oncogenesis and Development Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - L Zhao
- Oncogenesis and Development Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - L Alemu
- Oncogenesis and Development Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - P P Liu
- Oncogenesis and Development Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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