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Wang Y, Tsukamoto Y, Hori M, Iha H. Disulfidptosis: A Novel Prognostic Criterion and Potential Treatment Strategy for Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7156. [PMID: 39000261 PMCID: PMC11241771 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL), with its intrinsic genetic and epigenetic heterogeneity, exhibits significantly variable clinical outcomes among patients treated with the current standard regimen. Disulfidptosis, a novel form of regulatory cell death triggered by disulfide stress, is characterized by the collapse of cytoskeleton proteins and F-actin due to intracellular accumulation of disulfides. We investigated the expression variations of disulfidptosis-related genes (DRGs) in DLBCL using two publicly available gene expression datasets. The initial analysis of DRGs in DLBCL (GSE12453) revealed differences in gene expression patterns between various normal B cells and DLBCL. Subsequent analysis (GSE31312) identified DRGs strongly associated with prognostic outcomes, revealing eight characteristic DRGs (CAPZB, DSTN, GYS1, IQGAP1, MYH9, NDUFA11, NDUFS1, OXSM). Based on these DRGs, DLBCL patients were stratified into three groups, indicating that (1) DRGs can predict prognosis, and (2) DRGs can help identify novel therapeutic candidates. This study underscores the significant role of DRGs in various biological processes within DLBCL. Assessing the risk scores of individual DRGs allows for more precise stratification of prognosis and treatment strategies for DLBCL patients, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu 879-5593, Japan;
| | - Yoshiyuki Tsukamoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu 879-5593, Japan;
| | - Mitsuo Hori
- Department of Hematology, Ibaraki Prefectural Central Hospital, Kasama 309-1703, Japan;
| | - Hidekatsu Iha
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu 879-5593, Japan;
- Division of Pathophysiology, The Research Center for GLOBAL and LOCAL Infectious Diseases (RCGLID), Oita University, Yufu 879-5503, Japan
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2
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Zhu Y, Ning Z, Li X, Lin Z. Machine Learning Algorithms Identify Target Genes and the Molecular Mechanism of Matrine against Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2024; 20:847-859. [PMID: 37605410 DOI: 10.2174/1573409920666230821102806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma worldwide. Novel treatment strategies are still needed for this disease. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to systematically explore the potential targets and molecular mechanisms of matrine in the treatment of DLBCL. METHODS Potential matrine targets were collected from multiple platforms. Microarray data and clinical characteristics of DLBCL were downloaded from publicly available database. Differential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were applied to identify the hub genes of DLBCL using R software. Then, the shared target genes between matrine and DLBCL were identified as the potential targets of matrine against DLBCL. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm was used to determine the final core target genes, which were further verified by molecular docking simulation and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Functional analysis was also performed to elucidate the potential mechanisms. RESULTS A total of 222 matrine target genes and 1269 DLBCL hub genes were obtained through multiple databases and machine learning algorithms. From the nine shared target genes of matrine and DLBCL, five final core target genes, including CTSL, NR1H2, PDPK1, MDM2, and JAK3, were identified. Molecular docking showed that the binding of matrine to the core genes was stable. ROC curves also suggested close associations between the core genes and DLBCL. Additionally, functional analysis showed that the therapeutic effect of matrine against DLBCL may be related to the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Matrine may target five genes and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway in DLBCL treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidong Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Zhongping Ning
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New District Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Ximing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New District Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Zhikang Lin
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
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3
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Bian Z, Gu B, Shi G, Guo J, Li D, Zeng H, Jiang B, Min D, Su H, Zhang Y. The single-cell landscape reveals unique tumor subsets and microenvironments associated with poor clinical outcomes in primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Genes Dis 2024; 11:80-83. [PMID: 37588237 PMCID: PMC10425787 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhouliang Bian
- Department of Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Benhong Gu
- Department of Urology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Guohai Shi
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiahui Guo
- Department of Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Urology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Hanlin Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China
| | - Daliu Min
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Hengchuan Su
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanjie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
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4
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Yan C, He X, Qi R, Cao L, Zheng S, Huang C, Yang P, Wang J, Zhu M, Li S, Dong G, Jing H, Zhang W, Liu X. Prediction and prognostic potential of NR3C1 gene expression level in DLBCL patients. Hematology 2023; 28:2251199. [PMID: 37650932 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2023.2251199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) is a common and frequently occurring subtype of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL). The effective treatment and prognosis of DLBCL are still urgently needed to be explored. This article aims to shed light on the connection between DLBCL survival and NR3C1 expression levels. Methods: First, we divided the 952 DLBCL patients into an NR3C1 high-expression group and an NR3C1 low-expression group and compared the baseline characteristics of the two groups. Second, we used multivariate analysis to predict the dependent variable for age, pathology, ECOG score, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ratio, and NR3C1 expression level. Finally, we analyzed the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival rate (OS) of DLBCL patients with high or low NR3C1 expression. Results: DLBCL patients with high NR3C1 expression had a better prognosis than those with low NR3C1 expression (OS, P < 0.0001). In DLBCL patients of CHOP therapy, high NR3C1 expression was associated with a good survival prognosis in OS (OS, P = 0.028). Conclusion: In multivariate analysis, NR3C1 high expression was an independent prognostic factor that predicted a longer OS of DLBCL (OS, P = 0.0003). NR3C1 is considered an independent predictor of DLBCL patients and can be used as a biomarker for the prognosis of DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjian Yan
- Department of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue He
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiying Qi
- Department of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Cao
- Nanyang Second General Hospital, Nanyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Siping Zheng
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyuan Huang
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxia Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoxiang Li
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Gehong Dong
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Jing
- Department of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weilong Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoni Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, People's Republic of China
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5
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Li Q, Ma N, Li X, Yang C, Zhang W, Xiong J, Zhu L, Li J, Wen Q, Gao L, Yang C, Rao L, Gao L, Zhang X, Rao J. Reverse effect of Semaphorin-3F on rituximab resistance in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma via the Hippo pathway. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:1448-1458. [PMID: 37114652 PMCID: PMC10278727 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exploring the underlying mechanism of rituximab resistance is critical to improve the outcomes of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Here, we tried to identify the effects of the axon guidance factor semaphorin-3F (SEMA3F) on rituximab resistance as well as its therapeutic value in DLBCL. METHODS The effects of SEMA3F on the treatment response to rituximab were investigated by gain- or loss-of-function experiments. The role of the Hippo pathway in SEMA3F-mediated activity was explored. A xenograft mouse model generated by SEMA3F knockdown in cells was used to evaluate rituximab sensitivity and combined therapeutic effects. The prognostic value of SEMA3F and TAZ (WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1) was examined in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and human DLBCL specimens. RESULTS We found that loss of SEMA3F was related to a poor prognosis in patients who received rituximab-based immunochemotherapy instead of chemotherapy regimen. Knockdown of SEMA3F significantly repressed the expression of CD20 and reduced the proapoptotic activity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) activity induced by rituximab. We further demonstrated that the Hippo pathway was involved in the SEMA3F-mediated regulation of CD20. Knockdown of SEMA3F expression induced the nuclear accumulation of TAZ and inhibited CD20 transcriptional levels via direct binding of the transcription factor TEAD2 and the CD20 promoter. Moreover, in patients with DLBCL, SEMA3F expression was negatively correlated with TAZ, and patients with SEMA3F low TAZ high had a limited benefit from a rituximab-based strategy. Specifically, treatment of DLBCL cells with rituximab and a YAP/TAZ inhibitor showed promising therapeutic effects in vitro and in vivo . CONCLUSION Our study thus defined a previously unknown mechanism of SEMA3F-mediated rituximab resistance through TAZ activation in DLBCL and identified potential therapeutic targets in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Li
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Naya Ma
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Xinlei Li
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jingkang Xiong
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Lidan Zhu
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jiali Li
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Qin Wen
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Lingyi Rao
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Li Gao
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jun Rao
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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6
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Yurttaş NÖ, Eşkazan AE. Clinical Application of Biomarkers for Hematologic Malignancies. Biomark Med 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/9789815040463122010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, significant advancements have been made in the
molecular mechanisms, diagnostic methods, prognostication, and treatment options in
hematologic malignancies. As the treatment landscape continues to expand,
personalized treatment is much more important.
With the development of new technologies, more sensitive evaluation of residual
disease using flow cytometry and next generation sequencing is possible nowadays.
Although some conventional biomarkers preserve their significance, novel potential
biomarkers accurately detect the mutational landscape of different cancers, and also,
serve as prognostic and predictive biomarkers, which can be used in evaluating therapy
responses and relapses. It is likely that we will be able to offer a more targeted and
risk-adapted therapeutic approach to patients with hematologic malignancies guided by
these potential biomarkers. This chapter summarizes the biomarkers used (or proposed
to be used) in the diagnosis and/or monitoring of hematologic neoplasms.;
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurgül Özgür Yurttaş
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine,
Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Emre Eşkazan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine,
Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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7
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IDO1 plays a tumor-promoting role via MDM2-mediated suppression of the p53 pathway in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:572. [PMID: 35760783 PMCID: PMC9237101 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05021-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
With the intensive therapeutic strategies, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is still a fatal disease due to its progressive characteristics. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a key regulator that catalyzes the commitment step of the kynurenine pathway in the immune system, its aberrant activation may contribute to malignant cell escape eradication. However, the role of IDO1 in DLBCL progression remains elusive. Our study showed IDO1 expression was upregulated in DLBCL and was associated with a poor prognosis and low overall survival. Inhibition of IDO1 suppressed DLBCL cell proliferation in vitro and impeded xenograft tumorigenesis in vivo. RNA-seq analyses revealed MDM2 was downregulated while TP53 was upregulated in IDO1 inhibition OCI-Ly10 cells. Mechanistically, IDO1 inhibition decreased the expression of MDM2, a major negative regulator of p53, and restored p53 expression in OCI-Ly3 and OCI-Ly10 cells, resulting in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. IDO1 inhibition induced cell apoptosis coupled with PUMA and BAX upregulation, as well as BCL2 and BCL-XL downregulation. In addition, p21, a p53 transcriptional target, was upregulated in cell cycle arrest. Taken together, this study revealed IDO1 is essential for the proliferation of DLBCL cells and may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of DLBCL.
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8
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Abdollahi S, Dehghanian SZ, Hung LY, Yang SJ, Chen DP, Medeiros LJ, Chiang JH, Chang KC. Deciphering genes associated with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with lymphomatous effusions: A mutational accumulation scoring approach. Biomark Res 2021; 9:74. [PMID: 34635181 PMCID: PMC8504051 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00330-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Earlier studies have shown that lymphomatous effusions in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are associated with a very poor prognosis, even worse than for non-effusion-associated patients with stage IV disease. We hypothesized that certain genetic abnormalities were associated with lymphomatous effusions, which would help to identify related pathways, oncogenic mechanisms, and therapeutic targets. Methods We compared whole-exome sequencing on DLBCL samples involving solid organs (n = 22) and involving effusions (n = 9). We designed a mutational accumulation-based approach to score each gene and used mutation interpreters to identify candidate pathogenic genes associated with lymphomatous effusions. Moreover, we performed gene-set enrichment analysis from a microarray comparison of effusion-associated versus non-effusion-associated DLBCL cases to extract the related pathways. Results We found that genes involved in identified pathways or with high accumulation scores in the effusion-based DLBCL cases were associated with migration/invasion. We validated expression of 8 selected genes in DLBCL cell lines and clinical samples: MUC4, SLC35G6, TP53BP2, ARAP3, IL13RA1, PDIA4, HDAC1 and MDM2, and validated expression of 3 proteins (MUC4, HDAC1 and MDM2) in an independent cohort of DLBCL cases with (n = 31) and without (n = 20) lymphomatous effusions. We found that overexpression of HDAC1 and MDM2 correlated with the presence of lymphomatous effusions, and HDAC1 overexpression was associated with the poorest prognosis. Conclusion Our findings suggest that DLBCL associated with lymphomatous effusions may be associated mechanistically with TP53-MDM2 pathway and HDAC-related chromatin remodeling mechanisms. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40364-021-00330-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Abdollahi
- Intelligent Information Retrieval Lab, Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 701, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | - Liang-Yi Hung
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,University Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shiang-Jie Yang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Dao-Peng Chen
- Kim Forest Enterprise Co., Ltd, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - L Jeffrey Medeiros
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jung-Hsien Chiang
- Intelligent Information Retrieval Lab, Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, 701, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Institute of Medical Informatics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Kung-Chao Chang
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, 704, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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9
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You H, Xu-Monette ZY, Wei L, Nunns H, Nagy ML, Bhagat G, Fang X, Zhu F, Visco C, Tzankov A, Dybkaer K, Chiu A, Tam W, Zu Y, Hsi ED, Hagemeister FB, Huh J, Ponzoni M, Ferreri AJM, Møller MB, Parsons BM, Van Krieken JH, Piris MA, Winter JN, Li Y, Au Q, Xu B, Albitar M, Young KH. Genomic complexity is associated with epigenetic regulator mutations and poor prognosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1928365. [PMID: 34350060 PMCID: PMC8293967 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1928365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of lymphoma with high mutation burdens but a low response rate to immune checkpoint inhibitors. In this study, we performed targeted next-generation sequencing and fluorescent multiplex immunohistochemistry, and investigated the clinical significance and immunological effect of mutation numbers in 424 DLBCL patients treated with standard immunochemotherapy. We found that KMT2D and TP53 nonsynonymous mutations (MUT) were significantly associated with increased nonsynonymous mutation numbers, and that high mutation numbers (MUThigh) were associated with significantly poorer clinical outcome in germinal center B-cell-like DLBCL with wild-type TP53. To understand the underlying mechanisms, we identified a gene-expression profiling signature and the association of MUThigh with decreased T cells in DLBCL patients with wild-type TP53. On the other hand, in overall cohort, MUThigh was associated with lower PD-1 expression in T cells and PD-L1 expression in macrophages, suggesting a positive role of MUThigh in immune responses. Analysis in a whole-exome sequencing dataset of 304 patients deposited by Chapuy et al. validated the correlation of MUT-KMT2D with genomic complexity and the significantly poorer survival associated with higher numbers of genomic single nucleotide variants in activated B-cell-like DLBCL with wild-type TP53. Together, these results suggest that KMT2D inactivation or epigenetic dysregulation has a role in driving DLBCL genomic instability, and that genomic complexity has adverse impact on clinical outcome in DLBCL patients with wild-type TP53 treated with standard immunochemotherapy. The oncoimmune data in this study have important implications for biomarker and therapeutic studies in DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua You
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Hematopathology Division and Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carollina, USA
| | - Zijun Y Xu-Monette
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Wei
- Hematopathology Division and Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carollina, USA.,Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Caronlina, USA
| | - Harry Nunns
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Caronlina, USA
| | - Máté L Nagy
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Caronlina, USA
| | - Govind Bhagat
- NeoGenomics Laboratories, Aliso Viejo, California, USA
| | - Xiaosheng Fang
- Hematopathology Division and Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carollina, USA
| | - Feng Zhu
- Hematopathology Division and Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carollina, USA
| | - Carlo Visco
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexandar Tzankov
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Karen Dybkaer
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Pathology,University Hospital Basel, Switzerland
| | - April Chiu
- Clinical Department, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Wayne Tam
- Hematopathology Department, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Youli Zu
- Department of Pathology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eric D Hsi
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Jooryung Huh
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Maurilio Ponzoni
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Andrés J M Ferreri
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Michael B Møller
- Lymphoma Unit, Department of Onco-Hematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - J Han Van Krieken
- Hematology & Oncology, Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Miguel A Piris
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jane N Winter
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Medicine (Hematology and Oncology), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois,USA
| | - Qingyan Au
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Caronlina, USA
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas,USA
| | - Maher Albitar
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian,China
| | - Ken H Young
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Genomic Testing Cooperative, LCA, Irvine, California,USA
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10
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Lavacchi D, Landini I, Perrone G, Roviello G, Mini E, Nobili S. Pharmacogenetics in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with R-CHOP: Still an unmet challenge. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 229:107924. [PMID: 34175369 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
DLBCL is the most common lymphoma representing approximately one third of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas and about 40% of patients do not benefit of the standard first-line immune-chemotherapeutic treatment (i.e., R-CHOP - rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) that is administered as upfront therapy to substantially all patients independently from the stage of disease and other prognostic parameters. The administration of other pharmacological treatments is in fact limited to selected patients, unfitting for R-CHOP. Although clinical prognostic scores, i.e. International Prognostic Index (IPI), and molecular classifiers based on the cell of origin are available, at present no biomarkers predictive of R-CHOP response has been identified and validated. Constitutional polymorphisms of genes involved in the mechanism of action of drugs included in R-CHOP have been suggested by many authors to play a role in the efficacy and in some case in the toxicity of this treatment. Thus, it is conceivable that in the future, after proper validation, some polymorphisms can be used as pharmacogenetic biomarkers of therapeutic outcome in this disease setting. This review discusses the status of the art on molecular biomarkers predictive of DLBCL prognosis and deals with the relevant issue of the variability in response to DLBCL drug treatment. Overall, this review focuses on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that, based on a candidate gene approach or on a GWAS analysis, have been suggested to play a role in response to R-CHOP. In particular, SNPs discovered by a candidate gene approach are related to gene involved in drug transport (i.e. ATP-binding cassette transporters), drug metabolism, drug detoxification enzymes, oxidative stress, apoptosis, DNA repair, immunity and angiogenesis. Data from a GWAS analysis performed in DLBCL patients treated with R-CHOP, identified two SNPs associated with clinical outcomes related to genes involved in pivotal cellular processes and in transcriptional regulation and cell cycle progression, respectively. Ongoing prospective pharmacogenetic clinical trials, including a GWAS study we performed, have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Lavacchi
- Clinical Oncology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Ida Landini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; DENOTHE Excellence Center, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gabriele Perrone
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; DENOTHE Excellence Center, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giandomenico Roviello
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; DENOTHE Excellence Center, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Enrico Mini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; DENOTHE Excellence Center, University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Cancer Pharmacology Working Group of the Italian Society of Pharmacology, Milan, Italy.
| | - Stefania Nobili
- Cancer Pharmacology Working Group of the Italian Society of Pharmacology, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
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11
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Genetic Events Inhibiting Apoptosis in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092167. [PMID: 33946435 PMCID: PMC8125500 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Despite the genetic heterogeneity of the disease, most patients are initially treated with a combination of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP), but relapse occurs in ~50% of patients. One of the hallmarks of DLBCL is the occurrence of genetic events that inhibit apoptosis, which contributes to disease development and resistance to therapy. These events can affect the intrinsic or extrinsic apoptotic pathways, or their modulators. Understanding the factors that contribute to inhibition of apoptosis in DLBCL is crucial in order to be able to develop targeted therapies and improve outcomes, particularly in relapsed and refractory DLBCL (rrDLBCL). This review provides a description of the genetic events inhibiting apoptosis in DLBCL, their contribution to lymphomagenesis and chemoresistance, and their implication for the future of DLBCL therapy. Abstract Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is curable with chemoimmunotherapy in ~65% of patients. One of the hallmarks of the pathogenesis and resistance to therapy in DLBCL is inhibition of apoptosis, which allows malignant cells to survive and acquire further alterations. Inhibition of apoptosis can be the result of genetic events inhibiting the intrinsic or extrinsic apoptotic pathways, as well as their modulators, such as the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins, P53, and components of the NF-kB pathway. Mechanisms of dysregulation include upregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins and downregulation of pro-apoptotic proteins via point mutations, amplifications, deletions, translocations, and influences of other proteins. Understanding the factors contributing to resistance to apoptosis in DLBCL is crucial in order to be able to develop targeted therapies that could improve outcomes by restoring apoptosis in malignant cells. This review describes the genetic events inhibiting apoptosis in DLBCL, provides a perspective of their interactions in lymphomagenesis, and discusses their implication for the future of DLBCL therapy.
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12
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Deng M, Xu-Monette ZY, Pham LV, Wang X, Tzankov A, Fang X, Zhu F, Visco C, Bhagat G, Dybkaer K, Chiu A, Tam W, Zu Y, Hsi ED, You H, Huh J, Ponzoni M, Ferreri AJM, Møller MB, Parsons BM, Hagemeister F, van Krieken JH, Piris MA, Winter JN, Li Y, Xu B, Liu P, Young KH. Aggressive B-cell Lymphoma with MYC/TP53 Dual Alterations Displays Distinct Clinicopathobiological Features and Response to Novel Targeted Agents. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 19:249-260. [PMID: 33154093 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the major type of aggressive B-cell lymphoma. High-grade B-cell lymphoma (HGBCL) with MYC/BCL2 double-hit (DH) represents a distinct entity with dismal prognosis after standard immunochemotherapy in the current WHO lymphoma classification. However, whether TP53 mutation synergizes with MYC abnormalities (MYC rearrangement and/or Myc protein overexpression) contributing to HGBCL-like biology and prognosis is not well investigated. In this study, patients with DLBCL with MYC/TP53 abnormalities demonstrated poor clinical outcome, high-grade morphology, and distinct gene expression signatures. To identify more effective therapies for this distinctive DLBCL subset, novel MYC/TP53/BCL-2-targeted agents were investigated in DLBCL cells with MYC/TP53 dual alterations or HGBCL-MYC/BCL2-DH. A BET inhibitor INCB057643 effectively inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis in DLBCL/HGBCL cells regardless of MYC/BCL2/TP53 status. Combining INCB057643 with a MDM2-p53 inhibitor DS3032b significantly enhanced the cytotoxic effects in HGBCL-DH without TP53 mutation, while combining with the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax displayed potent therapeutic synergy in DLBCL/HGBCL cells with and without concurrent TP53 mutation. Reverse-phase protein arrays revealed the synergistic molecular actions by INCB057643, DS3032b and venetoclax to induce cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis and to inhibit AKT/MEK/ERK/mTOR pathways, as well as potential drug resistance mechanisms mediated by upregulation of Mcl-1 and RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathways. In summary, these findings support subclassification of DLBCL/HGBCL with dual MYC/TP53 alterations, which demonstrates distinct pathobiologic features and dismal survival with standard therapy, therefore requiring additional targeted therapies. IMPLICATIONS: The clinical and pharmacologic studies suggest recognizing DLBCL with concomitant TP53 mutation and MYC abnormalities as a distinctive entity necessary for precision oncology practice. VISUAL OVERVIEW: http://mcr.aacrjournals.org/content/molcanres/19/2/249/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Deng
- Duke University Medical Center, Division of Hematopathology and Department of Pathology, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zijun Y Xu-Monette
- Duke University Medical Center, Division of Hematopathology and Department of Pathology, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Lan V Pham
- Phamacyclics, an Abbvie Company, San Francisco, California
| | - Xudong Wang
- Duke University Medical Center, Division of Hematopathology and Department of Pathology, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Xiaosheng Fang
- Duke University Medical Center, Division of Hematopathology and Department of Pathology, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Feng Zhu
- Duke University Medical Center, Division of Hematopathology and Department of Pathology, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Carlo Visco
- Department of Medicine and Division of Hematology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Govind Bhagat
- Columbia University Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | | | | | - Wayne Tam
- Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York
| | - Youli Zu
- The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Hua You
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jooryung Huh
- Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | - Fredrick Hagemeister
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - J Han van Krieken
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Miguel A Piris
- Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Jane N Winter
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Phillip Liu
- Applied Technology Group, Incyte Research Institute, Wilmington, Delaware.
| | - Ken H Young
- Duke University Medical Center, Division of Hematopathology and Department of Pathology, Durham, North Carolina. .,Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina
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13
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Deng M, Zhang M, Xu-Monette ZY, Pham LV, Tzankov A, Visco C, Fang X, Bhagat G, Zhu F, Dybkaer K, Chiu A, Tam W, Zu Y, Hsi ED, Choi WWL, Huh J, Ponzoni M, Ferreri AJM, Møller MB, Parsons BM, van Krieken JH, Piris MA, Winter JN, Hagemeister F, Alinari L, Li Y, Andreeff M, Xu B, Young KH. XPO1 expression worsens the prognosis of unfavorable DLBCL that can be effectively targeted by selinexor in the absence of mutant p53. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:148. [PMID: 33148342 PMCID: PMC7641823 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00982-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The XPO1 inhibitor selinexor was recently approved in relapsed/refractory DLBCL patients but only demonstrated modest anti-DLBCL efficacy, prompting us to investigate the prognostic effect of XPO1 in DLBCL patients and the rational combination therapies in high-risk DLBCL. High XPO1 expression (XPO1high) showed significant adverse prognostic impact in 544 studied DLBCL patients, especially in those with BCL2 overexpression. Therapeutic study in 30 DLBCL cell lines with various molecular and genetic background found robust cytotoxicity of selinexor, especially in cells with BCL2-rearranged (BCL2-R+) DLBCL or high-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC/BCL2 double-hit (HGBCL-DH). However, expression of mutant (Mut) p53 significantly reduced the cytotoxicity of selinexor in overall cell lines and the BCL2-R and HGBCL-DH subsets, consistent with the favorable impact of XPO1high observed in Mut-p53-expressing patients. The therapeutic effect of selinexor in HGBCL-DH cells was significantly enhanced when combined with a BET inhibitor INCB057643, overcoming the drug resistance in Mut-p53-expressing cells. Collectively, these data suggest that XPO1 worsens the survival of DLBCL patients with unfavorable prognostic factors such as BCL2 overexpression and double-hit, in line with the higher efficacy of selinexor demonstrated in BCL2-R+ DLBCL and HGBCL-DH cell lines. Expression of Mut-p53 confers resistance to selinexor treatment, which can be overcome by combined INCB057643 treatment in HGBCL-DH cells. This study provides insight into the XPO1 significance and selinexor efficacy in DLBCL, important for developing combination therapy for relapsed/refractory DLBCL and HGBCL-DH.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Hydrazines/therapeutic use
- Karyopherins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Karyopherins/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/diagnosis
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Prognosis
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics
- Triazoles/therapeutic use
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- Exportin 1 Protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Manman Deng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zijun Y Xu-Monette
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Lan V Pham
- Phamacyclics, an Abbvie Company, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alexandar Tzankov
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carlo Visco
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Xiaosheng Fang
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Govind Bhagat
- Columbia University Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Feng Zhu
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | | | | | - Wayne Tam
- Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Youli Zu
- The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - William W L Choi
- University of Hong Kong Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jooryung Huh
- Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | - J Han van Krieken
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Miguel A Piris
- Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Jane N Winter
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Fredrick Hagemeister
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lapo Alinari
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Andreeff
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China.
| | - Ken H Young
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA.
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14
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Lodhi N, Tun M, Nagpal P, Inamdar AA, Ayoub NM, Siyam N, Oton-Gonzalez L, Gerona A, Morris D, Sandhu R, Suh KS. Biomarkers and novel therapeutic approaches for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the era of precision medicine. Oncotarget 2020; 11:4045-4073. [PMID: 33216822 PMCID: PMC7646825 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the great efforts for better treatment options for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) (most common form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, NHL) to treat and prevent relapse, it continues to be a challenge. Here, we present an overview of DLBCL and address the diagnostic assays and molecular techniques used in its diagnosis, role of biomarkers in detection, treatment of early and advanced stage DLBCL, and novel drug regimens. We discuss the significant biomarkers that have emerged as essential tools for stratifying patients according to risk factors and for providing insights into the use of more targeted and individualized therapeutics. We discuss techniques such as gene expression studies, including next-generation sequencing, which have enabled a more understanding of the complex pathogenesis of DLBCL and have helped determine molecular targets for novel therapeutic agents. We examine current treatment approaches, outline the findings of completed clinical trials, and provide updates for ongoing clinical trials. We highlight clinical trials relevant to the significant fraction of DLBCL patients who present with complex cases marked by high relapse rates. Supported by an increased understanding of targetable pathways in DLBCL, clinical trials involving specialized combination therapies are bringing us within reach the promise of an effective cure to DLBCL using precision medicine. Optimization of therapy remains a crucial objective, with the end goal being a balance between high survival rates through targeted and personalized treatment while reducing adverse effects in DLBCL patients of all subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Lodhi
- Department of Immunotherapeutic and Biotechnology, Texas Tech Health Science Center, Abilene, TX, USA
- Formerly: The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack University Medical Center, David Jurist Research Building, Hackensack, NJ, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Moe Tun
- Formerly: The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack University Medical Center, David Jurist Research Building, Hackensack, NJ, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Poonam Nagpal
- Formerly: The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack University Medical Center, David Jurist Research Building, Hackensack, NJ, USA
- College of Natural, Applied, and Health Sciences, Kean University, Union, NJ, USA
| | - Arati A. Inamdar
- Formerly: The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack University Medical Center, David Jurist Research Building, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Nehad M. Ayoub
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Noor Siyam
- Formerly: The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack University Medical Center, David Jurist Research Building, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | | | - Angela Gerona
- Formerly: The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack University Medical Center, David Jurist Research Building, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Dainelle Morris
- Formerly: The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack University Medical Center, David Jurist Research Building, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Rana Sandhu
- Formerly: The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack University Medical Center, David Jurist Research Building, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Kwangsun Stephen Suh
- Formerly: The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack University Medical Center, David Jurist Research Building, Hackensack, NJ, USA
- DiagnoCine, Hackensack, NJ, USA
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15
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Sun C, Li M, Feng Y, Sun F, Zhang L, Xu Y, Lu S, Zhu J, Huang J, Wang J, Hu Y, Zhang Y. MDM2-P53 Signaling Pathway-Mediated Upregulation of CDC20 Promotes Progression of Human Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:10475-10487. [PMID: 33116627 PMCID: PMC7575066 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s253758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cell-division cycle 20 (CDC20) is overexpressed in a variety of tumor cells and is negatively regulated by wild-type p53 (wtp53). Our previous study uncovered that CDC20 was upregulated and associated with poor outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) based on bioinformatics analysis. Dysregulation of the MDM2-p53 is a major mechanism to promote DLBCL. Thus, we hypothesized that CDC20 could be a downstream gene of the MDM2-p53 signaling pathway. However, the clinical significance and mechanistic role of a novel MDM2-p53-CDC20 signaling pathway in DLBCL have still remained unclear. Materials and Methods RT-qPCR was performed in MDM2 knocked down (KD) and control (Ctrl) OCI-Ly3/OCI-Ly10 cells to investigate whether CDC20 was a downstream gene of the MDM2-p53 pathway. The effects of CDC20 on cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis were assessed, as well as the role of CDC20 in suppressing tumorigenicity in vivo. Furthermore, we also investigated the roles of CDC20 and MDM2 in progression of DLBCL and the underlying mechanisms. Results The results of RT-qPCR revealed that CDC20 was downregulated while TP53 was upregulated in MDM2 KD OCI-Ly3 and OCI-Ly10 cells. It was unveiled that the expression levels of CDC20 and MDM2 were upregulated in DLBCL tissues and cells, and high CDC20 expression was correlated with adverse clinical features and poor outcome. Functional assays showed that downregulation of CDC20 could inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in vitro. In addition, inactivation of the MDM2-p53 pathway by downregulation of MDM2 restored wtp53 expression level and reduced CDC20 protein level in OCI-Ly3 and OCI-Ly10 cells. Besides, targeting CDC20 was found to suppress tumorigenesis of DLBCL in vivo. Conclusion CDC20 was identified as a key downstream gene of the MDM2-p53 signaling pathway in DLBCL and may be used as a novel target gene to guide therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengtao Sun
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengzhen Li
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfen Feng
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Sun
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjie Xu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Suying Lu
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Zhu
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Junting Huang
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Wang
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhuo Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
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16
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Miao Y, Medeiros LJ, Li Y, Li J, Young KH. Genetic alterations and their clinical implications in DLBCL. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2019; 16:634-652. [PMID: 31127191 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-019-0225-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a highly heterogeneous lymphoid neoplasm with variations in gene expression profiles and genetic alterations, which lead to substantial variations in clinical course and response to therapy. The advent of high-throughput genome sequencing platforms, and especially whole-exome sequencing, has helped to define the genetic landscape of DLBCL. In the past 10 years, these studies have identified many genetic alterations in DLBCL, some of which are specific to B cell lymphomas, whereas others can also be observed in other types of cancer. These aberrations result in altered activation of a wide range of signalling pathways and other cellular processes, including those involved in B cell differentiation, B cell receptor signalling, activation of the NF-κB pathway, apoptosis and epigenetic regulation. Further elaboration of the genetics of DLBCL will not only improve our understanding of disease pathogenesis but also provide further insight into disease classification, prognostication and therapeutic targets. In this Review, we describe the current understanding of the prevalence and causes of specific genetic alterations in DLBCL and their role in disease development and progression. We also summarize the available clinical data on therapies designed to target the aberrant pathways driven by these alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Miao
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - L Jeffrey Medeiros
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jianyong Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Ken H Young
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. .,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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17
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Hu WM, Jin JT, Wu CY, Lu JB, Zhang LH, Zeng J, Lin SX. Expression of P63 and its correlation with prognosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a single center experience. Diagn Pathol 2019; 14:128. [PMID: 31711519 PMCID: PMC6844053 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-019-0880-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma among adults. In some cases, DLBCL may seem similar to carcinoma cells, presenting a round, oval, or polygonal shape and clear nuclei. We found that the expression of P63 accounted for a considerable proportion of DLBCL cases. Under the circumstances, P63 expression may lead to a misdiagnosis, especially with a small biopsy. We aim to investigate the expression status and prognostic significance of P63 in a cohort of Chinese DLBCL patients. Methods P63, ΔNP63(P40), P53 and Ki67 were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). A ROC curve was adopted to find the best cut-off value for positive P63/P53 expression and high Ki67 expression. We defined P53 as positive when ≥50% of the tumor cells showed staining. The relationship between P63 and P53/Ki67 expression was examined. Time-to-event endpoints were estimated according to the Kaplan-Meier method. Moreover, multivariate analyses were conducted to evaluate the prognostic factors in DLBCL. Results Out of all the 159 DLBCL cases, 76 (47.8%) expressed P63 in the nuclei, while 41 (25.8%) were determined to have high expression by using a ROC cut-off value “≥6”. Examination of the different P63 isoforms revealed that the ΔNP63(P40) was unclearly and weakly expressed in only 3 cases, showing a fuzzy yellow cytoplasm. P63 expression was not correlated with subtype (GCB or non-GCB) or P53 but was correlated with a high proliferative index (Ki67). Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed that P63 expression was correlated with overall survival, and P63 positive cases showed poor survival outcomes (P<0.05) in our cohort. Conclusions ΔNP63(P40) is a useful marker in the differential diagnosis of poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma versus DLBCL in small needle biopsy. P63 may be involved in DLBCL tumor progression, and it is an unfavorable prognostic marker in DLBCL. A subgroup of P63 and P53 coexpression DLBCL patients with an extremely poor prognosis should be noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ming Hu
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie-Tian Jin
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen-Yan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia-Bin Lu
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Hong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Su-Xia Lin
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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18
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Wang G, Fu X, Chang Y, Li X, Wu X, Li L, Zhang L, Sun Z, Zhang X, Zhang M. B7-CD28 gene family expression is associated with prognostic and immunological characteristics of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:3939-3957. [PMID: 31195368 PMCID: PMC6629000 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The B7-CD28 gene family plays a key role in regulating cellular immunity and is closely related to tumorigenesis and immune evasion. Here, we explored associations between clinical and immune features and B7-CD28 gene family expression in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets representing 1812 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. This included 414 in the GSE10846 training cohort and 470 and 928 patients in the GSE31312 and GSE117556 validation cohorts, respectively. Four survival-associated genes identified in the GSE10846 cohort by univariate Cox analysis were incorporated into a multivariate analysis, ultimately establishing a three-gene risk signature. Risk scores assigned based on expression of these genes were validated by Kaplan–Meier and multivariable Cox analyses in the remaining datasets and in important clinical subsets. High-risk patients had shorter overall survival and, in some cases, progression-free survival than low-risk patients. Additionally, expression of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), as well as several other important immune checkpoint genes, differed between high-risk and low-risk patients, as did the proportions of various immune-infiltrating cells. Finally, further analysis confirmed that these B7-CD28 genes play important roles in immune responses altered in DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangjian Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaorui Fu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenchang Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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19
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Gene expression profiles analysis identifies a novel two-gene signature to predict overall survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181293. [PMID: 30393234 PMCID: PMC6328866 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common hematologic malignancy, however, specific tumor-associated genes and signaling pathways are yet to be deciphered. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were computed based on gene expression profiles from GSE32018, GSE56315, and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) DLBC. Overlapping DEGs were then evaluated for gene ontology (GO), pathways enrichment, DNA methylation, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis as well as survival analysis. Seventy-four up-regulated and 79 down-regulated DEGs were identified. From PPI network analysis, majority of the DEGs were involved in cell cycle, oocyte meiosis, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathways. Six hub genes including CDC20, MELK, PBK, prostaglandin D2 synthase (PTGDS), PCNA, and CDK1 were selected using the Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE). CDC20 and PTGDS were able to predict overall survival (OS) in TCGA DLBC and in an additional independent cohort GSE31312. Furthermore, CDC20 DNA methylation negatively regulated CDC20 expression and was able to predict OS in DLBCL. A two-gene panel consisting of CDC20 and PTGDS had a better prognostic value compared with CDC20 or PTGDS alone in the TCGA cohort (P=0.026 and 0.039). Overall, the present study identified a set of novel genes and pathways that may play a significant role in the initiation and progression of DLBCL. In addition, CDC20 and PTGDS will provide useful guidance for therapeutic applications.
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20
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Derenzini E, Rossi A, Treré D. Treating hematological malignancies with drugs inhibiting ribosome biogenesis: when and why. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:75. [PMID: 29855342 PMCID: PMC5984324 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0609-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that chemotherapy can cure only some cancers in advanced stage, mostly those with an intact p53 pathway. Hematological cancers such as lymphoma and certain forms of leukemia are paradigmatic examples of such scenario. Recent evidence indicates that the efficacy of many of the alkylating and intercalating agents, antimetabolites, topoisomerase, and kinase inhibitors used in cancer therapy is largely due to p53 stabilization and activation consequent to the inhibition of ribosome biogenesis. In this context, innovative drugs specifically hindering ribosome biogenesis showed preclinical activity and are currently in early clinical development in hematological malignancies. The mechanism of p53 stabilization after ribosome biogenesis inhibition is a multistep process, depending on specific factors that can be altered in tumor cells, which can affect the antitumor efficacy of ribosome biogenesis inhibitors (RiBi). In the present review, the basic mechanisms underlying the anticancer activity of RiBi are discussed based on the evidence deriving from available preclinical and clinical studies, with the purpose of defining when and why the treatment with drugs inhibiting ribosomal biogenesis could be highly effective in hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Derenzini
- European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Rossi
- European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Treré
- DIMES, Università di Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, Bologna, Italy.
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21
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Liu Z, Meng J, Li X, Zhu F, Liu T, Wu G, Zhang L. Identification of Hub Genes and Key Pathways Associated with Two Subtypes of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Based on Gene Expression Profiling via Integrated Bioinformatics. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:3574534. [PMID: 29992138 PMCID: PMC5994323 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3574534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There is a significant difference in prognosis between the germinal center B-cell (GCB) and activated B-cell (ABC) subtypes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, the signaling pathways and driver genes involved in these disparate subtypes are ambiguous. This study integrated three cohort profile datasets, including 250 GCB samples and 250 ABC samples, to elucidate potential candidate hub genes and key pathways involved in these two subtypes. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. After Gene Ontology functional enrichment analysis of the DEGs, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and sub-PPI network analyses were conducted using the STRING database and Cytoscape software. Subsequently, the Oncomine database and the cBioportal online tool were employed to verify the alterations and differential expression of the 8 hub genes (MME, CD44, IRF4, STAT3, IL2RA, ETV6, CCND2, and CFLAR). Gene set enrichment analysis was also employed to identify the intersection of the key pathways (JAK-STAT, FOXO, and NF-κB pathways) validated in the above analyses. These hub genes and key pathways could improve our understanding of the process of tumorigenesis and the underlying molecular events and may be therapeutic targets for the precise treatment of these two subtypes with different prognoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingshu Meng
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Zhu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liling Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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22
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Clinical Significance of PTEN Deletion, Mutation, and Loss of PTEN Expression in De Novo Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Neoplasia 2018; 20:574-593. [PMID: 29734016 PMCID: PMC5994742 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PTEN loss has been associated with poorer prognosis in many solid tumors. However, such investigation in lymphomas is limited. In this study, PTEN cytoplasmic and nuclear expression, PTEN gene deletion, and PTEN mutations were evaluated in two independent cohorts of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Cytoplasmic PTEN expression was found in approximately 67% of total 747 DLBCL cases, more frequently in the activated B-cell–like subtype. Nuclear PTEN expression was less frequent and at lower levels, which significantly correlated with higher PTEN mRNA expression. Remarkably, loss of PTEN protein expression was associated with poorer survival only in DLBCL with AKT hyperactivation. In contrast, high PTEN expression was associated with Myc expression and poorer survival in cases without abnormal AKT activation. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms for loss of PTEN expression were investigated. PTEN deletions (mostly heterozygous) were detected in 11.3% of DLBCL, and showed opposite prognostic effects in patients with AKT hyperactivation and in MYC rearranged DLBCL patients. PTEN mutations, detected in 10.6% of patients, were associated with upregulation of genes involved in central nervous system function, metabolism, and AKT/mTOR signaling regulation. Loss of PTEN cytoplasmic expression was also associated with TP53 mutations, higher PTEN-targeting microRNA expression, and lower PD-L1 expression. Remarkably, low PTEN mRNA expression was associated with down-regulation of a group of genes involved in immune responses and B-cell development/differentiation, and poorer survival in DLBCL independent of AKT activation. Collectively, multi-levels of PTEN abnormalities and dysregulation may play important roles in PTEN expression and loss, and that loss of PTEN tumor-suppressor function contributes to the poor survival of DLBCL patients with AKT hyperactivation.
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23
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Shimono J, Miyoshi H, Kiyasu J, Kamimura T, Eto T, Miyagishima T, Nagafuji K, Seto M, Teshima T, Ohshima K. Clinicopathological analysis of polyploid diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194525. [PMID: 29641580 PMCID: PMC5894967 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyploid chromosomes are those with more than two sets of homologous chromosomes. Polyploid chromosomal abnormalities are observed in various malignant tumors. The prognosis in such cases is generally poor. However, there are no studies examining the prognosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with polyploid chromosomal abnormalities. Therefore, we statistically compared the clinicopathological features between polyploid DLBCL and DLBCL without polyploid abnormalities. Herein, 51 polyploid DLBCL and 53 control (without polyploid chromosomal abnormalities) cases were examined. G-banding method was employed to define polyploidy by cytogenetic analysis. Subsequently, flow cytometric immunophenotyping and immunohistochemical staining were performed. Polyploid DLBCL was defined as DLBCL with either near-tetraploid or greater number of chromosomes, as detected by the G-band. In a survival analysis, a significantly worse overall survival (OS) was observed for polyploid DLBCL (p = 0.04; p = 0.02 in cases who received R-CHOP regimens). In a multivariate analysis of OS, polyploid chromosomal abnormalities were an independent prognostic factor. Our results suggest that polyploid chromosomal abnormalities detected through G-band may represent a new poor prognostic factor for DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joji Shimono
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University, School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.,Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miyoshi
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University, School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Junichi Kiyasu
- Department of Hematology, Iizuka hospital, Iizuka, Japan
| | | | - Tetsuya Eto
- Department of Hematology, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Koji Nagafuji
- Department of Hematology, Kurume University, School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Masao Seto
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University, School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Takanori Teshima
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Koichi Ohshima
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University, School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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24
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Primary Bone Lymphoma Exhibits a Favorable Prognosis and Distinct Gene Expression Signatures Resembling Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Derived From Centrocytes in the Germinal Center. Am J Surg Pathol 2017; 41:1309-1321. [DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000000923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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25
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Tisato V, Voltan R, Gonelli A, Secchiero P, Zauli G. MDM2/X inhibitors under clinical evaluation: perspectives for the management of hematological malignancies and pediatric cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:133. [PMID: 28673313 PMCID: PMC5496368 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0500-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The two murine double minute (MDM) family members MDM2 and MDMX are at the center of an intense clinical assessment as molecular target for the management of cancer. Indeed, the two proteins act as regulators of P53, a well-known key controller of the cell cycle regulation and cell proliferation that, when altered, plays a direct role on cancer development and progression. Several evidence demonstrated that functional aberrations of P53 in tumors are in most cases the consequence of alterations on the MDM2 and MDMX regulatory proteins, in particular in patients with hematological malignancies where TP53 shows a relatively low frequency of mutation while MDM2 and MDMX are frequently found amplified/overexpressed. The pharmacological targeting of these two P53-regulators in order to restore or increase P53 expression and activity represents therefore a strategy for cancer therapy. From the discovery of the Nutlins in 2004, several compounds have been developed and reported with the ability of targeting the P53-MDM2/X axis by inhibiting MDM2 and/or MDMX. From natural compounds up to small molecules and stapled peptides, these MDM2/X pharmacological inhibitors have been extensively studied, revealing different biological features and different rate of efficacy when tested in in vitro and in vivo experimental tumor models. The data/evidence coming from the preclinical experimentation have allowed the identification of the most promising molecules and the setting of clinical studies for their evaluation as monotherapy or in therapeutic combination with conventional chemotherapy or with innovative therapeutic protocols in different tumor settings. Preliminary results have been recently published reporting data about safety, tolerability, potential side effects, and efficacy of such therapeutic approaches. In this light, the aim of this review is to give an updated overview about the state of the art of the clinical evaluation of MDM2/X inhibitor compounds with a special attention to hematological malignancies and to the potential for the management of pediatric cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Tisato
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 66, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Rebecca Voltan
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 66, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Arianna Gonelli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 66, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 66, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 66, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
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26
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How gene polymorphisms can influence clinical response and toxicity following R-CHOP therapy in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Blood Rev 2017; 31:235-249. [DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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27
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Zenz T, Kreuz M, Fuge M, Klapper W, Horn H, Staiger AM, Winter D, Helfrich H, Huellein J, Hansmann ML, Stein H, Feller A, Möller P, Schmitz N, Trümper L, Loeffler M, Siebert R, Rosenwald A, Ott G, Pfreundschuh M, Stilgenbauer S. TP53 mutation and survival in aggressive B cell lymphoma. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:1381-1388. [PMID: 28614910 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
TP53 is mutated in 20-25% of aggressive B-cell lymphoma (B-NHL). To date, no studies have addressed the impact of TP53 mutations in prospective clinical trial cohorts. To evaluate the impact of TP53 mutation to current risk models in aggressive B-NHL, we investigated TP53 gene mutations within the RICOVER-60 trial. Of 1,222 elderly patients (aged 61-80 years) enrolled in the study and randomized to six or eight cycles of CHOP-14 with or without Rituximab (NCT00052936), 265 patients were analyzed for TP53 mutations. TP53 mutations were demonstrated in 63 of 265 patients (23.8%). TP53 mutation was associated with higher LDH (65% vs. 37%; p < 0.001), higher international prognostic index-Scores (IPI 4/5 27% vs. 12%; p = 0.025) and B-symptoms (41% vs. 24%; p = 0.011). Patients with TP53 mutation were less likely to obtain a complete remission CR/CRu (CR unconfirmed) 61.9% (mut) vs. 79.7% (wt) (p = 0.007). TP53 mutations were associated with decreased event-free (EFS), progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) (median observation time of 40.2 months): the 3 year EFS, PFS and OS were 42% (vs. 60%; p = 0.012), 42% (vs. 67.5%; p < 0.001) and 50% (vs. 76%; p < 0.001) for the TP53 mutation group. In a Cox proportional hazard analysis adjusting for IPI-factors and treatment arms, TP53 mutation was shown to be an independent predictor of EFS (HR 1.5), PFS (HR 2.0) and OS (HR 2.3; p < 0.001). TP53 mutations are independent predictors of survival in untreated patients with aggressive CD20+ lymphoma. TP53 mutations should be considered for risk models in DLBCL and strategies to improve outcome for patients with mutant TP53 must be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Zenz
- Molecular Therapy in Haematology and Oncology and Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) and German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany.,Dept. of Medicine V, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Dept. of Internal Medicine III, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Markus Kreuz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maxi Fuge
- Dept. of Internal Medicine III, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Wolfram Klapper
- Institute of Pathology, Hematopathology Section and Lymph Node Registry, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Heike Horn
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus, and Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, and University of Tübingen, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Annette M Staiger
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus, and Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, and University of Tübingen, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Doris Winter
- Dept. of Internal Medicine III, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Hanne Helfrich
- Dept. of Internal Medicine III, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jennifer Huellein
- Molecular Therapy in Haematology and Oncology and Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) and German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin-Leo Hansmann
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Alfred Feller
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, and Hämatopathologie Lübeck, Germany
| | - Peter Möller
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Norbert Schmitz
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Pneumonology, University Hospital of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Lorenz Trümper
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Georg-August Universität, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Markus Loeffler
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Reiner Siebert
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas Rosenwald
- Institute of Pathology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken (CCC MF), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - German Ott
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus, Stuttgart, Germany
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28
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Tessoulin B, Eveillard M, Lok A, Chiron D, Moreau P, Amiot M, Moreau-Aubry A, Le Gouill S, Pellat-Deceunynck C. p53 dysregulation in B-cell malignancies: More than a single gene in the pathway to hell. Blood Rev 2017; 31:251-259. [PMID: 28284458 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
TP53 deletion or mutation is frequent in B-cell malignancies and is associated with a low response rate. We describe here the p53 landscape in B-cell malignancies, from B-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia to Plasma Cell Leukemia, by analyzing incidence of gain or loss of function of actors both upstream and within the p53 pathway, namely MYC, RAS, ARF, MDM2, ATM and TP53. Abnormalities are not equally distributed and their incidence is highly variable among malignancies. Deletion and mutation, usually associated, of ATM or TP53 are frequent in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Mantle Cell Lymphoma. MYC gain, absent in post-GC malignancies, is frequent in B-Prolymphocytic-Leukemia, Multiple Myeloma and Plasma Cell Leukemias. RAS mutations are rare except in MM and PCL. Multiple Factorial Analysis notes that MYC deregulation is closely related to TP53 status. Moreover, MYC gain, TP53 deletion and RAS mutations are inversely correlated with survival. Based on this landscape, we further propose targeted therapeutic approaches for the different B-cell malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Tessoulin
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Nantes, France; Department of Hematology, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France.
| | - M Eveillard
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Nantes, France; Hematology Biology Department, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - A Lok
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Nantes, France; Department of Hematology, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - D Chiron
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Nantes, France
| | - P Moreau
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Nantes, France; Department of Hematology, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - M Amiot
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Nantes, France
| | - A Moreau-Aubry
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Nantes, France
| | - S Le Gouill
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Nantes, France; Department of Hematology, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - C Pellat-Deceunynck
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Nantes, France.
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29
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p63 expression confers significantly better survival outcomes in high-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and demonstrates p53-like and p53-independent tumor suppressor function. Aging (Albany NY) 2016; 8:345-65. [PMID: 26878872 PMCID: PMC4789587 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The role of p53 family member, p63 in oncogenesis is the subject of controversy. Limited research has been done on the clinical implications of p63 expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In this study, we assessed p63 expression in de novo DLBCL samples (n=795) by immunohistochemistry with a pan-p63-monoclonal antibody and correlated it with other clinicopathologic factors and clinical outcomes. p63 expression was observed in 42.5% of DLBCL, did not correlate with p53 levels, but correlated with p21, MDM2, p16INK4A, Ki-67, Bcl-6, IRF4/MUM-1 and CD30 expression, REL gains, and BCL6 translocation. p63 was an independent favorable prognostic factor in DLBCL, which was most significant in patients with International Prognostic Index (IPI) >2, and in activated-B-cell–like DLBCL patients with wide-type TP53. The prognostic impact in germinal-center-B-cell–like DLBCL was not apparent, which was likely due to the association of p63 expression with high-risk IPI, and potential presence of ∆Np63 isoform in TP63 rearranged patients (a mere speculation). Gene expression profiling suggested that p63 has both overlapping and distinct functions compared with p53, and that p63 and mutated p53 antagonize each other. In summary, p63 has p53-like and p53-independent functions and favorable prognostic impact, however this protective effect can be abolished by TP53 mutations.
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30
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Samuel J, Jayne S, Chen Y, Majid A, Wignall A, Wormull T, Najeeb H, Luo JL, Jones GDD, Macip S, Dyer MJS. Posttranscriptional Upregulation of p53 by Reactive Oxygen Species in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Cancer Res 2016; 76:6311-6319. [PMID: 27634759 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-0843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells multiply and become more resistant to immunochemotherapy in "proliferation centers" within tissues, whereas apoptosis occurs in the periphery. Various models recapitulate these microenvironments in vitro, such as stimulation with CD154 and IL4. Using this system, we observed a 30- to 40-fold induction of wild-type p53 protein in 50 distinct human CLL specimens tested, without the induction of either cell-cycle arrest or apoptosis. In contrast, the mRNA levels for p53 did not increase, indicating that its elevation occurred posttranscriptionally. Mechanistic investigations revealed that under the conditions studied, p53 was phosphorylated on residues associated with p53 activation and increased half-life. However, p53 protein induced in this manner could transcriptionally activate only a subset of target genes. The addition of a DNA-damaging agent further upregulated p53 protein levels, which led to apoptosis. p53 induction relied on the increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species observed after CD154 and IL4 stimulation. We propose that chronic oxidative stress is a characteristic of the microenvironment in B-cell "proliferation centers" in CLL that are capable of elevating the basal expression of p53, but to levels below the threshold needed to induce arrest or apoptosis. Our findings suggest that reactivation of the full transcriptional activities of p53 in proliferating CLL cells may offer a possible therapeutic strategy. Cancer Res; 76(21); 6311-9. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesvin Samuel
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Mechanisms of Cancer and Ageing Lab, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Ernest and Helen Scott Haematological Research Institute, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,CRUK Leicester Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Sandrine Jayne
- Ernest and Helen Scott Haematological Research Institute, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,CRUK Leicester Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Department of Cancer Studies, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Yixiang Chen
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Mechanisms of Cancer and Ageing Lab, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Ernest and Helen Scott Haematological Research Institute, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,CRUK Leicester Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alice Wignall
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Mechanisms of Cancer and Ageing Lab, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Ernest and Helen Scott Haematological Research Institute, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,CRUK Leicester Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy Wormull
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Mechanisms of Cancer and Ageing Lab, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Ernest and Helen Scott Haematological Research Institute, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,CRUK Leicester Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Hishyar Najeeb
- CRUK Leicester Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Department of Cancer Studies, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq
| | - Jin-Li Luo
- CRUK Leicester Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - George D D Jones
- CRUK Leicester Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Department of Cancer Studies, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Salvador Macip
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom. .,Mechanisms of Cancer and Ageing Lab, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Ernest and Helen Scott Haematological Research Institute, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,CRUK Leicester Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Martin J S Dyer
- Ernest and Helen Scott Haematological Research Institute, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,CRUK Leicester Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Department of Cancer Studies, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
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31
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Sun R, Medeiros LJ, Young KH. Diagnostic and predictive biomarkers for lymphoma diagnosis and treatment in the era of precision medicine. Mod Pathol 2016; 29:1118-42. [PMID: 27363492 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2016.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lymphomas are a group of hematological malignancies derived from lymphocytes. Lymphomas are clinically and biologically heterogeneous and have overlapping diagnostic features. With the advance of new technologies and the application of efficient and feasible detection platforms, an unprecedented number of novel biomarkers have been discovered or are under investigation at the genetic, epigenetic, and protein level as well as the tumor microenvironment. These biomarkers have enabled new clinical and pathological insights into the mechanisms underlying lymphomagenesis and also have facilitated improvements in the diagnostic workup, sub-classification, outcome stratification, and personalized therapy for lymphoma patients. However, integrating these biomarkers into clinical practice effectively and precisely in daily practice is challenging. More in-depth studies are required to further validate these novel biomarkers and to assess other parameters that can affect the reproducibility of these biomarkers such as the selection of detection methods, biological reagents, interpretation of data, and cost efficiency. Despite these challenges, there are many reasons to be optimistic that novel biomarkers will facilitate better algorithms and strategies as we enter a new era of precision medicine to better refine diagnosis, prognostication, and rational treatment design for patients with lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifang Sun
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pathology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Shanxi, China
| | - L Jeffrey Medeiros
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ken H Young
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, TX, USA
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32
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Loss of PRDM1/BLIMP-1 function contributes to poor prognosis of activated B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leukemia 2016; 31:625-636. [PMID: 27568520 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PRDM1/BLIMP-1, a master regulator of plasma-cell differentiation, is frequently inactivated in activated B-cell-like (ABC) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. Little is known about its genetic aberrations and relevant clinical implications. A large series of patients with de novo DLBCL was effectively evaluated for PRDM1/BLIMP-1 deletion, mutation, and protein expression. BLIMP-1 expression was frequently associated with the ABC phenotype and plasmablastic morphologic subtype of DLBCL, yet 63% of the ABC-DLBCL patients were negative for BLIMP-1 protein expression. In these patients, loss of BLIMP-1 was associated with Myc overexpression and decreased expression of p53 pathway molecules. In addition, homozygous PRDM1 deletions and PRDM1 mutations within exons 1 and 2, which encode for domains crucial for transcriptional repression, were found to show a poor prognostic impact in patients with ABC-DLBCL but not in those with germinal center B-cell-like DLBCL (GCB-DLBCL). Gene expression profiling revealed that loss of PRDM1/BLIMP-1 expression correlated with a decreased plasma-cell differentiation signature and upregulation of genes involved in B-cell receptor signaling and tumor-cell proliferation. In conclusion, these results provide novel clinical and biological insight into the tumor-suppressive role of PRDM1/BLIMP-1 in ABC-DLBCL patients and suggest that loss of PRDM1/BLIMP-1 function contributes to the overall poor prognosis of ABC-DLBCL patients.
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33
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Chen J, Xu-Monette ZY, Deng L, Shen Q, Manyam GC, Martinez-Lopez A, Zhang L, Montes-Moreno S, Visco C, Tzankov A, Yin L, Dybkaer K, Chiu A, Orazi A, Zu Y, Bhagat G, Richards KL, Hsi ED, Choi WWL, van Krieken JH, Huh J, Ponzoni M, Ferreri AJM, Zhao X, Møller MB, Farnen JP, Winter JN, Piris MA, Pham L, Young KH. Dysregulated CXCR4 expression promotes lymphoma cell survival and independently predicts disease progression in germinal center B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:5597-614. [PMID: 25704881 PMCID: PMC4467389 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 plays an essential role in tumor cell dissemination and disease progression. However, the significance of CXCR4 overexpression in de novo diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is unknown. In 743 patients with de novo diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who received standard Rituximab-CHOP immunochemotherapy, we assessed the expression of CXCR4 and dissected its prognostic significance in various DLBCL subsets. Our results showed that CXCR4+ patients was associated with male, bulky tumor, high Ki-67 index, activated B-cell-like (ABC) subtype, and Myc, Bcl-2 or p53 overexpression. Moreover, CXCR4+ was an independent factor predicting poorer progression-free survival in germinal-center B-cell-like (GCB)-DLBCL, but not in ABC-DLBCL; and in patients with an IPI of ≤2, but not in those with an IPI>2. The lack of prognostic significance of CXCR4 in ABC-DLBCL was likely due to the activation of p53 tumor suppressor attenuating CXCR4 signaling. Furthermore, concurrent CXCR4+ and BCL2 translocation showed dismal outcomes resembling but independent of MYC/BCL2 double-hit DLBCL. Gene expression profiling suggested that alterations in the tumor microenvironment and immune responses, increased tumor proliferation and survival, and the dissemination of CXCR4+ tumor cells to distant organs or tissues were underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for the CXCR4+ associated poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Chen
- Medical School of Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zijun Y Xu-Monette
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lijuan Deng
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qi Shen
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ganiraju C Manyam
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Li Zhang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | - Lihui Yin
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - April Chiu
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Attilio Orazi
- Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Youli Zu
- The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Govind Bhagat
- Columbia University Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristy L Richards
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - William W L Choi
- University of Hong Kong Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Jooryung Huh
- Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Xiaoying Zhao
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Second University Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - John P Farnen
- Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse, WI, USA
| | - Jane N Winter
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Miguel A Piris
- Hospital Universitario Marques de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Lan Pham
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ken H Young
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,The University of Texas School of Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
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34
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Xu-Monette ZY, Tu M, Jabbar KJ, Cao X, Tzankov A, Visco C, Nagarajan L, Cai Q, Montes-Moreno S, An Y, Dybkaer K, Chiu A, Orazi A, Zu Y, Bhagat G, Richards KL, Hsi ED, Choi WWL, van Krieken JH, Huh J, Ponzoni M, Ferreri AJM, Zhao X, Møller MB, Farnen JP, Winter JN, Piris MA, Miranda RN, Medeiros LJ, Young KH. Clinical and biological significance of de novo CD5+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in Western countries. Oncotarget 2016; 6:5615-33. [PMID: 25760242 PMCID: PMC4467390 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
CD5 is a pan-T-cell surface marker and is rarely expressed in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Large-scale studies of de novo CD5+ DLBCL are lacking in Western countries. In this study by the DLBCL Rituximab-CHOP Consortium, CD5 was expressed in 5.5% of 879 DLBCL patients from Western countries. CD5+ DLBCL was associated with higher frequencies of >1 ECOG performance status, bone marrow involvement, central nervous system relapse, activated B-cell-like subtype, Bcl-2 overexpression, and STAT3 and NF-κB activation, whereas rarely expressed single-stranded DNA-binding protein 2 (SSBP2), CD30 or had MYC mutations. With standard R-CHOP chemotherapy, CD5+ DLBCL patients had significantly worse overall survival (median, 25.3 months vs. not reached, P< .0001) and progression-free survival (median, 21.3 vs. 85.8 months, P< .0001) than CD5- DLBCL patients, which was independent of Bcl-2, STAT3, NF-κB and the International Prognostic Index. Interestingly, SSBP2 expression abolished the prognostic significance of CD5 expression, suggesting a tumor-suppressor role of SSBP2 for CD5 signaling. Gene-expression profiling demonstrated that B-cell receptor signaling dysfunction and microenvironment alterations are the important mechanisms underlying the clinical impact of CD5 expression. This study shows the distinctive clinical and biological features of CD5+ DLBCL patients in Western countries and underscores important pathways with therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Y Xu-Monette
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Meifeng Tu
- Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Kausar J Jabbar
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xin Cao
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Lalitha Nagarajan
- Department of Genetics and Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qingqing Cai
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Yuji An
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - April Chiu
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Attilio Orazi
- Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Youli Zu
- The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Govind Bhagat
- Columbia University Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristy L Richards
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - William W L Choi
- University of Hong Kong Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Jooryung Huh
- Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Xiaoying Zhao
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Second University Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - John P Farnen
- Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse, WI, USA
| | - Jane N Winter
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Miguel A Piris
- Hospital Universitario Marques de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Roberto N Miranda
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - L Jeffrey Medeiros
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ken H Young
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,The University of Texas School of Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
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35
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The hematopoietic oncoprotein FOXP1 promotes tumor cell survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by repressing S1PR2 signaling. Blood 2016; 127:1438-48. [PMID: 26729899 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-08-662635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of the oncogenic transcription factor forkhead box protein 1 (FOXP1) is a common feature of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We have combined chromatin immunoprecipitation and gene expression profiling after FOXP1 depletion with functional screening to identify targets of FOXP1 contributing to tumor cell survival. We find that the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2) is repressed by FOXP1 in activated B-cell (ABC) and germinal center B-cell (GCB) DLBCL cell lines with aberrantly high FOXP1 levels; S1PR2 expression is further inversely correlated with FOXP1 expression in 3 patient cohorts. Ectopic expression of wild-type S1PR2, but not a point mutant incapable of activating downstream signaling pathways, induces apoptosis in DLBCL cells and restricts tumor growth in subcutaneous and orthotopic models of the disease. The proapoptotic effects of S1PR2 are phenocopied by ectopic expression of the small G protein Gα13 but are independent of AKT signaling. We further show that low S1PR2 expression is a strong negative prognosticator of patient survival, alone and especially in combination with high FOXP1 expression. The S1PR2 locus has previously been demonstrated to be recurrently mutated in GCB DLBCL; the transcriptional silencing of S1PR2 by FOXP1 represents an alternative mechanism leading to inactivation of this important hematopoietic tumor suppressor.
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36
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Clinical features, tumor biology, and prognosis associated with MYC rearrangement and Myc overexpression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients treated with rituximab-CHOP. Mod Pathol 2015; 28:1555-73. [PMID: 26541272 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2015.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
MYC dysregulation, including MYC gene rearrangement and Myc protein overexpression, is of increasing clinical importance in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, the roles of MYC and the relative importance of rearrangement vs overexpression remain to be refined. Gaining knowledge about the tumor biology associated with MYC dysregulation is important to understand the roles of MYC and MYC-associated biology in lymphomagenesis. In this study, we determined MYC rearrangement status (n=344) and Myc expression (n=535) in a well-characterized DLBCL cohort, individually assessed the clinical and pathobiological features of patients with MYC rearrangement and Myc protein overexpression, and analyzed the prognosis and gene expression profiling signatures associated with these MYC abnormalities in germinal center B-cell-like and activated B-cell-like DLBCL. Our results showed that the prognostic importance of MYC rearrangement vs Myc overexpression is significantly different in germinal center B-cell-like vs activated B-cell-like DLBCL. In germinal center B-cell-like DLBCL, MYC-rearranged germinal center B-cell-like DLBCL patients with Myc overexpression significantly contributed to the clinical, biological, and prognostic characteristics of the overall Myc-overexpressing germinal center B-cell-like DLBCL group. In contrast, in activated B-cell-like DLBCL, the occurrence, clinical and biological features, and prognosis of Myc overexpression were independent of MYC rearrangement. High Myc levels and Myc-independent mechanisms, either tumor cell intrinsic or related to tumor microenvironment, conferred significantly worse survival to MYC-rearranged germinal center B-cell-like DLBCL patients, even among Myc(high)Bcl-2(high) DLBCL patients. This study provides new insight into the tumor biology and prognostic effects associated with MYC dysregulation and suggest that detection of both MYC translocations and evaluation of Myc and Bcl-2 expression is necessary to predict the prognosis of DLBCL patients.
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37
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Prognostic and biological significance of survivin expression in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with rituximab-CHOP therapy. Mod Pathol 2015; 28:1297-314. [PMID: 26248897 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2015.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, is overexpressed in a variety of human neoplasms. The prognostic significance of survivin expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients treated with rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (R-CHOP) is unclear. We used standard immunohistochemistry methods to quantify survivin expression in 463 patients with de novo diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who received the R-CHOP. Of the 463 patients, 269 (58%) had survivin overexpression with a cutoff of >25%, associated with an International Prognostic Index score of >2 (P=0.015), disease in ≥2 extranodal sites (P=0.011), and a high Ki-67 index (P<0.0001). Among patients with activated B cell-like disease, the overall survival rate of survivin-positive patients was significantly lower than that of survivin-negative patients (P=0.033); multivariate analysis confirmed that in these patients, survivin overexpression was an independent prognostic factor for survival. Among patients with wild-type p53 overexpression, the overall survival and progression-free survival rates of the survivin-positive group were significantly lower than those of the survivin-negative group (P=0.035 and P=0.04 respectively). In STAT3-positive patients, survivin overexpression was associated with significantly better survival. Among patients with activated B cell-like disease, survivin-positive compared with survivin-negative groups had significantly different gene expression signatures, including genes involved in mitosis or tumor cell proliferation. Our results indicate that survivin is an independent prognostic factor for poor outcome in patients with activated B cell-like disease treated with the R-CHOP regimen, and patients with survivin-positive activated B cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma seem to benefit less from this treatment and may require additional novel agents.
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38
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Evaluation of NF-κB subunit expression and signaling pathway activation demonstrates that p52 expression confers better outcome in germinal center B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in association with CD30 and BCL2 functions. Mod Pathol 2015; 28:1202-13. [PMID: 26111978 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2015.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a transcription factor with a well-described oncogenic role. Study for each of five NF-κB pathway subunits was only reported on small cohorts in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In this large cohort (n=533) of patients with de novo DLBCL, we evaluated the protein expression frequency, gene expression signature, and clinical implication for each of these five NF-κB subunits. Expression of p50, p52, p65, RELB, and c-Rel was 34%, 12%, 20%, 14%, and 23%, whereas p50/p65, p50/c-Rel, and p52/RELB expression was 11%, 11%, and 3%, respectively. NF-κB subunits were expressed in both germinal center B-cell-like (GCB) and activated B-cell-like (ABC) DLBCL, but p50 and p50/c-Rel were associated with ABC-DLBCL. p52, RELB, and p52/RELB expressions were associated with CD30 expression. p52 expression was negatively associated with BCL2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) expression and BCL2 rearrangement. Although p52 expression was associated with better progression-free survival (PFS) (P=0.0170), singular expression of the remaining NF-κB subunits alone did not show significant prognostic impact in the overall DLBCL cohort. Expression of p52/RELB was associated with better overall survival (OS) and PFS (P=0.0307 and P=0.0247). When cases were stratified into GCB- and ABC-DLBCL, p52 or p52/RELB dimer expression status was associated with better OS and PFS (P=0.0134 and P=0.0124) only within the GCB subtype. However, multivariate analysis did not show p52 expression to be an independent prognostic factor. Beneficial effect of p52 in GCB-DLBC appears to be its positive correlation with CD30 and negative correlation with BCL2 expression. Gene expression profiling (GEP) showed that p52(+) GCB-DLBCL was distinct from p52(-) GCB-DLBCL. Collectively, our data suggest that DLBCL patients with p52 expression might not benefit from therapy targeting the NF-κB pathway.
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Kristensen LS, Asmar F, Dimopoulos K, Nygaard MK, Aslan D, Hansen JW, Ralfkiaer E, Grønbæk K. Hypermethylation of DAPK1 is an independent prognostic factor predicting survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Oncotarget 2015; 5:9798-810. [PMID: 25229255 PMCID: PMC4259438 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Improvements in overall survival have been observed with the introduction of rituximab in combination with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP), however, prognostic markers are still needed. Methylation of the death associated protein kinase (DAPK or DAPK1) gene and TP53 mutations are likely to have prognostic value in DLBCL. We have assessed TP53 mutations and allelic DAPK1 methylation patterns in a cohort of 119 DLBCL patients uniformly treated with R-CHOP-like regimens. We found that DAPK1 promoter methylation was associated with shorter overall survival (p=0.017) and disease-specific survival (p=0.023). In multivariate analyses DAPK1 methylation remained as an independent prognostic factor predicting disease-specific survival (p=0.038). When only considering individuals heterozygous for the rs13300553 SNP monoallelic methylation of the A-allele was associated with shorter overall- and disease-specific survival (p<0.001). Patients carrying both DAPK1 methylation and a TP53 mutation had an inferior survival compared to patients carrying only one of these molecular alterations, however, this was borderline statistically significant. Allele-specific DAPK1 methylation patterns were also studied in a cohort of 67 multiple myeloma patients, and all of the methylated multiple myeloma samples heterozygous for the rs13300553 SNP were methylated on both alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fazila Asmar
- Department of Haematology, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100-DK, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Mette Kathrine Nygaard
- Department of Haematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Mølleparkvej 4, 9000-DK, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Derya Aslan
- Department of Haematology, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100-DK, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob Werner Hansen
- Department of Haematology, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100-DK, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Kirsten Grønbæk
- Department of Haematology, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100-DK, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Fiskvik I, Beiske K, Delabie J, Yri O, Spetalen S, Karjalainen-Lindsberg ML, Leppä S, Liestøl K, Smeland EB, Holte H. Combining MYC, BCL2 and TP53 gene and protein expression alterations improves risk stratification in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2014; 56:1742-9. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2014.970550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Ok CY, Chen J, Xu-Monette ZY, Tzankov A, Manyam GC, Li L, Visco C, Montes-Moreno S, Dybkær K, Chiu A, Orazi A, Zu Y, Bhagat G, Richards KL, Hsi ED, Choi WWL, van Krieken JH, Huh J, Zhao X, Ponzoni M, Ferreri AJM, Bertoni F, Farnen JP, Møller MB, Piris MA, Winter JN, Medeiros LJ, Young KH. Clinical implications of phosphorylated STAT3 expression in De Novo diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20:5113-23. [PMID: 25124685 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) regulates tumor growth, invasion, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, immune response, and survival. Data regarding expression of phosphorylated (activated) STAT3 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and the impact of phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3) on prognosis are limited. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We evaluated expression of pSTAT3 in de novo DLBCL using immunohistochemistry, gene expression profiling (GEP), and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Results were analyzed in correlation with cell-of-origin (COO), critical lymphoma biomarkers, and genetic translocations. RESULTS pSTAT3 expression was observed in 16% of DLBCL and was associated with advanced stage, multiple extranodal sites of involvement, activated B-cell-like (ABC) subtype, MYC expression, and MYC/BCL2 expression. Expression of pSTAT3 predicted inferior overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with de novo DLBCL. When DLBCL cases were stratified according to COO or MYC expression, pSTAT3 expression did not predict inferior outcome, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the prognostic predictability of pSTAT3 expression was due to its association with the ABC subtype, MYC expression, and adverse clinical features. GEP demonstrated upregulation of genes, which can potentiate function of STAT3. GSEA showed the JAK-STAT pathway to be enriched in pSTAT3(+) DLBCL. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study provide a rationale for the ongoing successful clinical trials targeting the JAK-STAT pathway in DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Young Ok
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Medical School of Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zijun Y Xu-Monette
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Ganiraju C Manyam
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | | | | | - April Chiu
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Attilio Orazi
- Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York
| | - Youli Zu
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Govind Bhagat
- Columbia University Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Kristy L Richards
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | - William W L Choi
- University of Hong Kong Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - J Han van Krieken
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jooryung Huh
- Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Xiaoying Zhao
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Second University Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | | | | | - Francesco Bertoni
- IOR Institute of Oncology Research and IOSI Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - John P Farnen
- Gundersen Lutheran Health System, La Crosse, Wisconsin
| | | | - Miguel A Piris
- Hospital Universitario Marques de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Jane N Winter
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - L Jeffrey Medeiros
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ken H Young
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Hedström G, Thunberg U, Amini RM, Zainuddin N, Enblad G, Berglund M. The MDM2 polymorphism SNP309 is associated with clinical characteristics and outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Eur J Haematol 2014; 93:500-8. [DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gustav Hedström
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Sciences; Section of Oncology; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
| | - Ulf Thunberg
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Sciences; Section of Oncology; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
| | - Rose-Marie Amini
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
| | - Norafiza Zainuddin
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Sciences; Section of Oncology; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
- Department of Biomedical Science; Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences; International Islamic University; Pahang Malaysia
| | - Gunilla Enblad
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Sciences; Section of Oncology; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
| | - Mattias Berglund
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Sciences; Section of Oncology; Uppsala University; Uppsala Sweden
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Lu M, Miller P, Lu X. Restoring the tumour suppressive function of p53 as a parallel strategy in melanoma therapy. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:2616-21. [PMID: 24844434 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The tumour suppressor p53 is a master sensor of stress and it controls the expression of hundreds to thousands of genes with diverse biological functions including cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and senescence. Consequently p53 is the most mutated gene found in human cancer and p53 mutation rate varies from 5% to 95%. Importantly p53 activity is often inactivated in tumours expressing structurally wild type p53. Thus one of the major challenges in cancer research is to restore the tumour suppressive function of p53. Intensive studies in the past decade have demonstrated that in addition to mutation, p53 activities are largely regulated by cellular factors that control the expression level and/or transcriptional activities of p53. MDM2, MDM4, p14(ARF) and the ASPP family of proteins are among the most studied regulators of p53. With increased understanding of the complexity of p53 regulation, various p53 reactivating approaches are being developed. This review will focus on the recent understanding of p53 inactivation in melanoma and the approaches to reactivate p53 in preclinical studies. Recent success in the therapeutic targeting of the BRAFV600E oncogenic protein was accompanied with subsequent relapse caused by acquired drug resistance. Restoration of the tumour suppressive function of p53 presents a parallel cancer therapeutic opportunity alongside BRAFV600E inhibition. Thus targeted therapy and concurrent reactivation of p53 may be a fertile ground to achieve synergistic killing of the 50% of cancer cells that express structurally wild type p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lu
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Paul Miller
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Xin Lu
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.
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New developments in the pathology of malignant lymphoma. A review of the literature published from August 2013 to December 2013. J Hematop 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12308-014-0199-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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45
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Targeting the ubiquitin proteasome system in haematological malignancies. Blood Rev 2013; 27:297-304. [PMID: 24183816 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) plays a central role in cellular protein homeostasis through the targeted destruction of damaged/misfolded proteins and regulatory proteins that control critical cellular functions. The UPS comprises a sequential series of enzymatic activities to covalently attach ubiquitin to proteins to target them for degradation through the proteasome. Aberrancies within this system have been associated with transformation and tumourigenesis and thus, the UPS represents an attractive target for the development of anti-cancer therapies. The use of the first-in-class proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, in the treatment of Plasma Cell Myeloma and Mantle Cell Lymphoma has validated the UPS as a therapeutic target. Following on its success, efforts are focused on the development of second-generation proteasome inhibitors and small molecule inhibitors of other components of the UPS. This review will provide an overview of the UPS and discuss current and novel therapies targeting the UPS.
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