1
|
Comerford I, McColl SR. Atypical chemokine receptors in the immune system. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:753-769. [PMID: 38714818 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-024-01025-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024]
Abstract
Leukocyte migration is a fundamental component of innate and adaptive immune responses as it governs the recruitment and localization of these motile cells, which is crucial for immune cell priming, effector functions, memory responses and immune regulation. This complex cellular trafficking system is controlled to a large extent via highly regulated production of secreted chemokines and the restricted expression of their membrane-tethered G-protein-coupled receptors. The activity of chemokines and their receptors is also regulated by a subfamily of molecules known as atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs), which are chemokine receptor-like molecules that do not couple to the classical signalling pathways that promote cell migration in response to chemokine ligation. There has been a great deal of progress in understanding the biology of these receptors and their functions in the immune system in the past decade. Here, we describe the contribution of the various ACKRs to innate and adaptive immune responses, focussing specifically on recent progress. This includes recent findings that have defined the role for ACKRs in sculpting extracellular chemokine gradients, findings that broaden the spectrum of chemokine ligands recognized by these receptors, candidate new additions to ACKR family, and our increasing understanding of the role of these receptors in shaping the migration of innate and adaptive immune cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iain Comerford
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, School of Molecular & Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Shaun R McColl
- The Chemokine Biology Laboratory, School of Molecular & Biomedical Science, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu K, Wang Y, Shao W, Tang C, Zhao S, Xu J, Xu P, Cheng Q, Huang S, Ji P, Qiu S. Unveiling the oncogenic role of CLDN11-secreting fibroblasts in gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis through single-cell sequencing and experimental approaches. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111647. [PMID: 38335659 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibroblasts are necessary to the progression of cancer. However, the role of fibroblasts in peritoneal metastasis (PM) of gastric cancer (GC) remains elusive. In this study, we would explore the role of fibroblasts mediated cell interaction in PM of GC. METHODS Single-cell sequencing data from public database GSE183904 was used to explore the specific fibroblast cluster. Fibroblasts were extracted from PM and GC tissues. The expression level of CXCR7 was verified by western blot, immunohistochemistry. The role of CLDN11 was investigate through in vitro and in vivo study. Multiple immunohistochemistry was used to characterize the tumor microenvironment. RESULTS CXCR7-positive fibroblasts were significantly enriched in PM of GC. CXCR7 could promote the expression of CLDN11 through activation of the AKT pathway in fibroblasts. Fibroblasts promote the GC proliferation and peritoneal metastasis by secreting CLDN11 in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, it was revealed that CXCR7-positive fibroblasts were significantly associated with M2-type macrophages infiltration in tissues. CONCLUSION CXCR7-positive fibroblasts play an essential role in PM of GC via CLDN11. Therapy targeting CXCR7-positive fibroblasts or CLDN11 may be helpful in the treatment of GC with PM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanghui Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yanjuan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenwen Shao
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Chong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Siguo Zhao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiafeng Xu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shansong Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Peicheng Ji
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shengkui Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Anastasiadou DP, Quesnel A, Duran CL, Filippou PS, Karagiannis GS. An emerging paradigm of CXCL12 involvement in the metastatic cascade. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2024; 75:12-30. [PMID: 37949685 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The chemokine CXCL12, also known as stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF1), has emerged as a pivotal regulator in the intricate molecular networks driving cancer progression. As an influential factor in the tumor microenvironment, CXCL12 plays a multifaceted role that spans beyond its traditional role as a chemokine inducing invasion and metastasis. Indeed, CXCL12 has been assigned functions related to epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cancer cell stemness, angiogenesis, and immunosuppression, all of which are currently viewed as specialized biological programs contributing to the "metastatic cascade" among other cancer hallmarks. Its interaction with its cognate receptor, CXCR4, initiates a cascade of events that not only shapes the metastatic potential of tumor cells but also defines the niches within the secondary organs that support metastatic colonization. Given the profound implications of CXCL12 in the metastatic cascade, understanding its mechanistic underpinnings is of paramount importance for the targeted elimination of rate-limiting steps in the metastatic process. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge surrounding the role of CXCL12 in cancer metastasis, especially its molecular interactions rationalizing its potential as a therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra P Anastasiadou
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Tumor Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Agathe Quesnel
- School of Health & Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, United Kingdom; National Horizons Centre, Teesside University, Darlington DL1 1HG, United Kingdom
| | - Camille L Duran
- Tumor Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Integrated Imaging Program for Cancer Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Panagiota S Filippou
- School of Health & Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, United Kingdom; National Horizons Centre, Teesside University, Darlington DL1 1HG, United Kingdom
| | - George S Karagiannis
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Tumor Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY, USA; Integrated Imaging Program for Cancer Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Cancer Dormancy and Tumor Microenvironment Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen Q, Schafer CT, Mukherjee S, Gustavsson M, Agrawal P, Yao XQ, Kossiakoff AA, Handel TM, Tesmer JJG. ACKR3-arrestin2/3 complexes reveal molecular consequences of GRK-dependent barcoding. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.18.549504. [PMID: 37502840 PMCID: PMC10370059 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.18.549504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3, also known as CXCR7) is a scavenger receptor that regulates extracellular levels of the chemokine CXCL12 to maintain responsiveness of its partner, the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), CXCR4. ACKR3 is notable because it does not couple to G proteins and instead is completely biased towards arrestins. Our previous studies revealed that GRK2 and GRK5 install distinct distributions of phosphates (or "barcodes") on the ACKR3 carboxy terminal tail, but how these unique barcodes drive different cellular outcomes is not understood. It is also not known if arrestin2 (Arr2) and 3 (Arr3) bind to these barcodes in distinct ways. Here we report cryo-electron microscopy structures of Arr2 and Arr3 in complex with ACKR3 phosphorylated by either GRK2 or GRK5. Unexpectedly, the finger loops of Arr2 and 3 directly insert into the detergent/membrane instead of the transmembrane core of ACKR3, in contrast to previously reported "core" GPCR-arrestin complexes. The distance between the phosphorylation barcode and the receptor transmembrane core regulates the interaction mode of arrestin, alternating between a tighter complex for GRK5 sites and heterogenous primarily "tail only" complexes for GRK2 sites. Arr2 and 3 bind at different angles relative to the core of ACKR3, likely due to differences in membrane/micelle anchoring at their C-edge loops. Our structural investigations were facilitated by Fab7, a novel Fab that binds both Arr2 and 3 in their activated states irrespective of receptor or phosphorylation status, rendering it a potentially useful tool to aid structure determination of any native GPCR-arrestin complex. The structures provide unprecedented insight into how different phosphorylation barcodes and arrestin isoforms can globally affect the configuration of receptor-arrestin complexes. These differences may promote unique downstream intracellular interactions and cellular responses. Our structures also suggest that the 100% bias of ACKR3 for arrestins is driven by the ability of arrestins, but not G proteins, to bind GRK-phosphorylated ACKR3 even when excluded from the receptor cytoplasmic binding pocket.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN 47907-2054, USA
| | - Christopher T Schafer
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Somnath Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL60637, USA
| | - Martin Gustavsson
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Parth Agrawal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL60637, USA
| | - Xin-Qiu Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Anthony A Kossiakoff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL60637, USA
| | - Tracy M Handel
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - John J G Tesmer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN 47907-2054, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vacchini A, Maffioli E, Di Silvestre D, Cancellieri C, Milanesi S, Nonnis S, Badanai S, Mauri P, Negri A, Locati M, Tedeschi G, Borroni EM. Phosphoproteomic mapping of CCR5 and ACKR2 signaling properties. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1060555. [PMID: 36483536 PMCID: PMC9723398 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1060555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
ACKR2 is an atypical chemokine receptor which is structurally uncoupled from G proteins and is unable to activate signaling pathways used by conventional chemokine receptors to promote cell migration. Nonetheless, ACKR2 regulates inflammatory and immune responses by shaping chemokine gradients in tissues via scavenging inflammatory chemokines. To investigate the signaling pathways downstream to ACKR2, a quantitative SILAC-based phosphoproteomic analysis coupled with a systems biology approach with network analysis, was carried out on a HEK293 cell model expressing either ACKR2 or its conventional counterpart CCR5. The model was stimulated with the common agonist CCL3L1 for short (3 min) and long (30 min) durations. As expected, many of the identified proteins are known to participate in conventional signal transduction pathways and in the regulation of cytoskeleton dynamics. However, our analyses revealed unique phosphorylation and network signatures, suggesting roles for ACKR2 other than its scavenger activity. In conclusion, the mapping of phosphorylation events at a holistic level indicated that conventional and atypical chemokine receptors differ in signaling properties. This provides an unprecedented level of detail in chemokine receptor signaling and identifying potential targets for the regulation of ACKR2 and CCR5 function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Vacchini
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Italy
| | - Elisa Maffioli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - Dario Di Silvestre
- Institute of Technologies in Biomedicine, National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Milan, Italy
| | | | - Samantha Milanesi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Italy
| | - Simona Nonnis
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | | | | | - Armando Negri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
| | - Massimo Locati
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Italy
| | - Gabriella Tedeschi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy
- CIMAINA, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Monica Borroni
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang S, Ding Y, Feng F, Gao Y. The role of blood CXCL12 level in prognosis of coronary artery disease: A meta-analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:938540. [PMID: 35966557 PMCID: PMC9363627 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.938540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The role of C-X-C motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12) in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs) has emerged as one of the research hotspots in recent years. Studies reported that the higher blood CXCL12 level was associated with increased major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), but the results were inconsistent. The objective of this study was to clarify the prognostic value of the blood CXCL12 level in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) through meta-analysis. Methods All related studies about the association between the blood CXCL12 level and the prognosis of CAD were comprehensively searched and screened according to inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. The quality of the included literature was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The heterogeneity test was conducted, and the pooled hazard risk (HR) or the odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using the fixed-effect or random-effects model accordingly. Publication bias was evaluated using Begg's funnel plot and Egger's test. Sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were also conducted. Results A total of 12 original studies with 2,959 CAD subjects were included in the final data combination. The pooled data indicated a significant association between higher CXCL12 levels and MACEs both in univariate analysis (HR 5.23, 95% CI 2.48–11.04) and multivariate analysis (HR 2.53, 95% CI 2.03–3.16) in the CXCL12 level as the category variable group. In the CXCL12 level as the continuous variable group, the result also indicated that the higher CXCL12 level significantly predicted future MACEs (multivariate OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.02–2.35). Subgroup analysis of the CXCL12 level as the category variable group found significant associations in all acute coronary syndrome (ACS) (univariate HR 9.72, 95% CI 4.69–20.15; multivariate HR 2.47, 95% CI 1.79–3.40), non-ACS (univariate HR 2.73, 95% CI 1.65–4.54; multivariate HR 3.49, 95% CI 1.66–7.33), Asian (univariate HR 7.43, 95% CI 1.70–32.49; multivariate HR 2.21, 95% CI 1.71–2.85), Caucasian (univariate HR 3.90, 95% CI 2.73–5.57; multivariate HR 3.87, 95% CI 2.48–6.04), short-term (univariate HR 9.36, 95% CI 4.10–21.37; multivariate HR 2.72, 95% CI 1.97–3.76), and long-term (univariate HR 2.86, 95% CI 1.62–5.04; multivariate HR 2.38, 95% CI 1.76–3.22) subgroups. Subgroup analysis of the CXCL12 level as the continuous variable group found significant associations in non-ACS (multivariate OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.23–1.92), Caucasian (multivariate OR 3.83, 95% CI 1.44–10.19), and long-term (multivariate OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.37–1.93) subgroups, but not in ACS (multivariate OR 1.36, 95% CI 0.67–2.75), Asian (multivariate OR 1.40, 95% CI 0.91–2.14), and short-term (multivariate OR 1.16, 95% CI 0.28–4.76) subgroups. No significant publication bias was found in this meta-analysis. Conclusion The higher blood CXCL12 level is associated with increased MACEs in patients with CAD, and the blood CXCL12 level may serve as an important prognostic index for CAD. Integrating the blood CXCL12 level into CAD risk assessment tools may provide more comprehensive messages for evaluating and managing patients with CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunrong Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Feng
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yue Gao
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Duval V, Alayrac P, Silvestre JS, Levoye A. Emerging Roles of the Atypical Chemokine Receptor 3 (ACKR3) in Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:906586. [PMID: 35846294 PMCID: PMC9276939 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.906586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines, and their receptors play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Chemokines classically mediate their effects by binding to G-protein-coupled receptors. The discovery that chemokines can also bind to atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs) and initiate alternative signaling pathways has changed the paradigm regarding chemokine-related functions. Among these ACKRs, several studies have highlighted the exclusive role of ACKR3, previously known as C-X-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CXCR7), in CVD. Indeed, ACKR3 exert atheroprotective, cardioprotective and anti-thrombotic effects through a wide range of cells including endothelial cells, platelets, inflammatory cells, fibroblasts, vascular smooth muscle cells and cardiomyocytes. ACKR3 functions as a scavenger receptor notably for the pleiotropic chemokine CXCL12, but also as a activator of different pathways such as β-arrestin-mediated signaling or modulator of CXCR4 signaling through the formation of ACKR3-CXCR4 heterodimers. Hence, a better understanding of the precise roles of ACKR3 may pave the way towards the development of novel and improved therapeutic strategies for CVD. Here, we summarize the structural determinant characteristic of ACKR3, the molecules targeting this receptor and signaling pathways modulated by ACKR3. Finally, we present and discuss recent findings regarding the role of ACKR3 in CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Duval
- Université Paris Cité, Institut National de la Santé Et Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris Cardiovascular Research Center PARCC, Paris, France
| | - Paul Alayrac
- Université Paris Cité, Institut National de la Santé Et Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris Cardiovascular Research Center PARCC, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Silvestre
- Université Paris Cité, Institut National de la Santé Et Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris Cardiovascular Research Center PARCC, Paris, France
| | - Angélique Levoye
- Université Paris Cité, Institut National de la Santé Et Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris Cardiovascular Research Center PARCC, Paris, France
- UFR Santé Médecine Biologie Humaine, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Bobigny, France
- *Correspondence: Angélique Levoye,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Huang C, Wen Z, Niu J, Lin S, Wang W. Steroid-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: Novel Insight Into the Roles of Bone Endothelial Cells in Pathogenesis and Treatment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:777697. [PMID: 34917616 PMCID: PMC8670327 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.777697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) is a disease characterized by the collapse of the femoral head. SONFH occurs due to the overuse of glucocorticoids (GCs) in patients with immune-related diseases. Among various pathogenesis proposed, the mechanism related to impaired blood vessels is gradually becoming the most convincing hypothesis. Bone endothelial cells including bone microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a crucial role in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. Therefore, bone endothelial cells are key regulators in the occurrence and progression of SONFH. Impaired angiogenesis, abnormal apoptosis, thrombosis and fat embolism caused by the dysfunctions of bone endothelial cells are considered to be the pathogenesis of SONFH. In addition, even with high disability rates, SONFH lacks effective therapeutic approach. Icariin (ICA, a flavonoid extracted from Epimedii Herba), pravastatin, and VO-OHpic (a potent inhibitor of PTEN) are candidate reagents to prevent and treat SONFH through improving above pathological processes. However, these reagents are still in the preclinical stage and will not be widely used temporarily. In this case, bone tissue engineering represented by co-transplantation of bone endothelial cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) may be another feasible therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zeqin Wen
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junjie Niu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Subin Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weiguo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Murad HAS, Rafeeq MM, Alqurashi TMA. Role and implications of the CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 axis in atherosclerosis: still a debate. Ann Med 2021; 53:1598-1612. [PMID: 34494495 PMCID: PMC8439212 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.1974084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Chemokines and their receptors are implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. CXCL12 is a member of the chemokine family exerting a myriad role in atherosclerosis through its classical CXCR4 and atypical ACKR3 (CXCR7) receptors. The modulatory and regulatory functional spectrum of CXCL12/CXCR4/ACKR3 axis in atherosclerosis spans from proatherogenic, prothrombotic and proinflammatory to atheroprotective, plaque stabilizer and dyslipidemia rectifier. This diverse continuum is executed in a wide range of biological units including endothelial cells (ECs), progenitor cells, macrophages, monocytes, platelets, lymphocytes, neutrophils and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) through complex heterogeneous and homogenous coupling of CXCR4 and ACKR3 receptors, employing different downstream signalling pathways, which often cross-talk among themselves and with other signalling interactomes. Hence, a better understanding of this structural and functional heterogeneity and complex phenomenon involving CXCL12/CXCR4/ACKR3 axis in atherosclerosis would not only help in formulation of novel therapeutics, but also in elucidation of the CXCL12 ligand and its receptors, as possible diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.Key messagesThe role of CXCL12 per se is proatherogenic in atherosclerosis development and progression.The CXCL12 receptors, CXCR4 and ACKR3 perform both proatherogenic and athero-protective functions in various cell typesDue to functional heterogeneity and cross talk of CXCR4 and ACKR3 at receptor level and downstream pathways, regional boosting with specific temporal and spatial modulators of CXCL12, CXCR4 and ACKR3 need to be explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hussam A. S. Murad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Misbahuddin M. Rafeeq
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer M. A. Alqurashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cui XY, Tjønnfjord GE, Kanse SM, Dahm AEA, Iversen N, Myklebust CF, Sun L, Jiang ZX, Ueland T, Campbell JJ, Ho M, Sandset PM. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor upregulates CXCR7 expression and enhances CXCL12-mediated migration in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5127. [PMID: 33664415 PMCID: PMC7933411 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84695-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The infiltration of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells into lymphoid organs correlates with disease severity. CXCL12 is a key chemotactic factor for the trafficking of CLL. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is a serine protease inhibitor and plays a role in CXCL12-mediated hematopoietic stem cell homing. We aim to explore the role of TFPI in CXCL12-mediated migration of CLL cells. In this study, plasma TFPI concentrations were measured by ELISA. CLL cells were isolated from patients and used for trans-endothelial migration (TEM) assays. Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of CXCR7, CXCR4 and β-catenin. Immunofluorescence and co-immunoprecipitation was used to detect the binding of TFPI and glypican-3 (GPC3). We found that plasma TFPI levels in CLL patients were higher than in healthy controls, particularly in the patients with advanced disease. TFPI enhanced CXCL12-mediated TEM of CLL cells by increasing the expression of the CXCL12 receptor CXCR7, but not of the CXCL12 receptor CXCR4. The effect of TFPI on TEM was abolished by the CXCR7 inhibitor, CCX771, while the CXCR4 inhibitor AMD3100 strongly increased TEM. TFPI co-localized with GPC3 on the cell surface. An antibody to GPC3, HS20, decreased CXCR7 expression and abolished the effect of TFPI on TEM. TFPI activated β-catenin and the Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor IWP4 repressed the effect of TFPI on CXCR7 expression and TEM. We conclude that TFPI may contribute to organ infiltration in CLL patients.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement/genetics
- Chemokine CXCL12/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/genetics
- Glypicans/genetics
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/blood
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Lipoproteins/blood
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Receptors, CXCR/genetics
- Receptors, CXCR4/genetics
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- beta Catenin/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yan Cui
- Department of Haematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Nydalen, Box 4950, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Geir Erland Tjønnfjord
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Nydalen, Box 4950, 0424, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for B-Cell Malignancies, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sandip M Kanse
- Institute of Basal Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders Erik Astrup Dahm
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Nina Iversen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christiane Filion Myklebust
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Nydalen, Box 4950, 0424, Oslo, Norway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ling Sun
- Department of Haematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Zhong Xing Jiang
- Department of Haematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Thor Ueland
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Mitchell Ho
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA
| | - Per Morten Sandset
- Department of Haematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Nydalen, Box 4950, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li S, Jiang Z, Chao X, Jiang C, Zhong G. Identification of key immune-related genes and immune infiltration in atrial fibrillation with valvular heart disease based on bioinformatics analysis. J Thorac Dis 2021; 13:1785-1798. [PMID: 33841968 PMCID: PMC8024788 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-21-168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common persistent arrhythmia. Valvular heart disease (VHD) and AF frequently coexist. In our study, from performing bioinformatics analysis, we sought to identify immune-related genes (IRGs) and explore the role of immune cell infiltration in AF-VHD in depth, aiming at investigating the potential molecular mechanism and developing new therapeutic targets for AF, including AF-VHD. Methods The gene expression of the GSE41177 and GSE79768 datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed via the limma package in Bioconductor with R software. Differentially expressed immune-related genes (DEIRGs) were selected via combination ImmPort database with DEGs, and the enrichment function and pathway analysis were explored. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was built with a Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins plugin in Cytoscape. The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to evaluate immune infiltration in the left atrial (LA) tissues between AF-VHD and sinus rhythm (SR) patients. Finally, a correlation analysis between key DEIRGs and infiltrating immune cells was performed. Results A total of 130 DEIRGs were detected. Enrichment function of DEIRGs demonstrated that they are significant in immune and inflammatory responses. The key DEIRGs assessed by the PPI network and involved in both the immune and inflammatory responses were the C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (CXCL) 1, pro-platelet basic protein (PPBP), CXCL12, and C-C motif chemokine ligand 4 (CCL4). The immune infiltration findings indicated that, compared with the LA tissues from SR patients, the tissues from AF-VHD patients contained a higher proportion of gamma delta T cells, but a lower proportion of CD8 and regulatory T cells. The results of correlation analysis demonstrated that CXCL1 was positively correlated with activated mast cells and significantly negatively correlated with resting mast cells. PPBP, CXCL12, and CCL4 were positively correlated with the infiltration of various immune cells, such as neutrophils, plasma cells, and resting dendritic cells. Conclusions The key immune-related genes and the differences in immune infiltration in LA tissues play an essential role in the occurrence and progression of AF-VHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhiyuan Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Hypertension, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoying Chao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chenyang Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kallifatidis G, Mamouni K, Lokeshwar BL. The Role of β-Arrestins in Regulating Stem Cell Phenotypes in Normal and Tumorigenic Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239310. [PMID: 33297302 PMCID: PMC7729818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
β-Arrestins (ARRBs) are ubiquitously expressed scaffold proteins that mediate inactivation of G-protein-coupled receptor signaling, and in certain circumstances, G-protein independent pathways. Intriguingly, the two known ARRBs, β-arrestin1 (ARRB1) and β-Arrestin2 (ARRB2), seem to have opposing functions in regulating signaling cascades in several models in health and disease. Recent evidence suggests that ARRBs are implicated in regulating stem cell maintenance; however, their role, although crucial, is complex, and there is no universal model for ARRB-mediated regulation of stem cell characteristics. For the first time, this review compiles information on the function of ARRBs in stem cell biology and will discuss the role of ARRBs in regulating cell signaling pathways implicated in stem cell maintenance in normal and malignant stem cell populations. Although promising targets for cancer therapy, the ubiquitous nature of ARRBs and the plethora of functions in normal cell biology brings challenges for treatment selectivity. However, recent studies show promising evidence for specifically targeting ARRBs in myeloproliferative neoplasms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Kallifatidis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
- Research Service, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
- Correspondence: (G.K.); (B.L.L.); Tel.: +1-706-446-4976 (G.K.); +1-706-723-0033 (B.L.L.); Fax: +1-305-721-0101 (B.L.L.)
| | - Kenza Mamouni
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
- Research Service, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
| | - Bal L. Lokeshwar
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
- Research Service, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
- Correspondence: (G.K.); (B.L.L.); Tel.: +1-706-446-4976 (G.K.); +1-706-723-0033 (B.L.L.); Fax: +1-305-721-0101 (B.L.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu H, Cheng Q, Xu DS, Wang W, Fang Z, Xue DD, Zheng Y, Chang AH, Lei YJ. Overexpression of CXCR7 accelerates tumor growth and metastasis of lung cancer cells. Respir Res 2020; 21:287. [PMID: 33129326 PMCID: PMC7603767 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01518-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Under physiological conditions, CXCL12 modulates cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, and migration mainly through CXCR4. Interestingly, the newly discovered receptor CXCR7 for CXCL12 is highly expressed in many tumor cells as well as tumor-associated blood vessels, although the level of CXCR7 in normal cells is low. Recently, many studies have suggested that CXCR7 promotes cell growth and metastasis in more than 20 human malignancies, among which lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated deaths worldwide. Thus, the mechanism of CXCR7 in the progression of lung cancer is urgently needed. Methods First, we explored CXCR4 and CXCR7 expression in human lung cancer specimens and cell lines by immunohistochemistry, western blot and flow cytometry. Then, we chose the human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 that stably overexpressed CXCR7 through the way of lentivirus-mediated transduction. Next, “wound healing” assay and transwell assay were applied to compare the cell migration and invasion ability, and stripe assay was used to evaluate the cell polarization. Last, our team established a mouse xenograft model of human lung cancer and monitored tumor proliferation and metastasis by firefly luciferase bioluminescence imaging in SCID/Beige mice. Results In clinical lung cancer samples, CXCR7 expression was almost not detected in normal tissue but upregulated in lung tumor tissue, whereas, CXCR4 was highly expressed in both normal and tumor tissues. Furthermore, overexpression of CXCR7 enhanced A549 cell migration and polarization in vitro. Besides, mouse xenograft model of human lung cancer showed that CXCR7 promoted primary lung tumor’s growth and metastasis to the second organ, such as liver or bone marrow in SCID/Beige mice in vivo. Conclusions This study describes the multiple functions of CXCR7 in lung cancer. Thus, these results suggest that CXCR7 may be a malignancy marker and may provide a novel target for anticancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xijing Hospital Affiliated to the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Xu
- Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xijing Hospital Affiliated to the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zheng Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Dong-Dong Xue
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Ya Zheng
- Rehabilitation Section, Spine Surgery Division of Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Alex H Chang
- Clinical Translational Research Center, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Yan-Jun Lei
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Enciso J, Mendoza L, Álvarez-Buylla ER, Pelayo R. Dynamical modeling predicts an inflammation-inducible CXCR7+ B cell precursor with potential implications in lymphoid blockage pathologies. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9902. [PMID: 33062419 PMCID: PMC7531334 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The blockage at the early B lymphoid cell development pathway within the bone marrow is tightly associated with hematopoietic and immune diseases, where the disruption of basal regulatory networks prevents the continuous replenishment of functional B cells. Dynamic computational models may be instrumental for the comprehensive understanding of mechanisms underlying complex differentiation processes and provide novel prediction/intervention platforms to reinvigorate the system. Methods By reconstructing a three-module regulatory network including genetic transcription, intracellular transduction, and microenvironment communication, we have investigated the early B lineage cell fate decisions in normal and pathological settings. The early B cell differentiation network was simulated as a Boolean model and then transformed, using fuzzy logic, to a continuous model. We tested null and overexpression mutants to analyze the emergent behavior of the network. Due to its importance in inflammation, we investigated the effect of NFkB induction at different early B cell differentiation stages. Results While the exhaustive synchronous and asynchronous simulation of the early B cell regulatory network (eBCRN) reproduced the configurations of the hematopoietic progenitors and early B lymphoid precursors of the pathway, its simulation as a continuous model with fuzzy logics suggested a transient IL-7R+ ProB-to-Pre-B subset expressing pre-BCR and a series of dominant B-cell transcriptional factors. This conspicuous differentiating cell population up-regulated CXCR7 and reduced CXCR4 and FoxO1 expression levels. Strikingly, constant but intermediate NFkB signaling at specific B cell differentiation stages allowed stabilization of an aberrant CXCR7+ pre-B like phenotype with apparent affinity to proliferative signals, while under constitutive overactivation of NFkB, such cell phenotype was aberrantly exacerbated from the earliest stage of common lymphoid progenitors. Our mutant models revealed an abnormal delay in the BCR assembly upon NFkB activation, concomitant to sustained Flt3 signaling, down-regulation of Ebf1, Irf4 and Pax5 genes transcription, and reduced Ig recombination, pointing to a potential lineage commitment blockage. Discussion For the first time, an inducible CXCR7hi B cell precursor endowed with the potential capability of shifting central lymphoid niches, is inferred by computational modeling. Its phenotype is compatible with that of leukemia-initiating cells and might be the foundation that bridges inflammation with blockage-related malignancies and a wide range of immunological diseases. Besides the predicted differentiation impairment, inflammation-inducible phenotypes open the possibility of newly formed niches colonized by the reported precursor. Thus, emergent bone marrow ecosystems are predicted following a pro-inflammatory induction, that may lead to hematopoietic instability associated to blockage pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Enciso
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Delegación Puebla, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Metepec, Puebla, Mexico.,Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México.,Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
| | - Luis Mendoza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
| | | | - Rosana Pelayo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Delegación Puebla, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Metepec, Puebla, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fumagalli A, Heuninck J, Pizzoccaro A, Moutin E, Koenen J, Séveno M, Durroux T, Junier MP, Schlecht-Louf G, Bachelerie F, Schütz D, Stumm R, Smit MJ, Guérineau NC, Chaumont-Dubel S, Marin P. The atypical chemokine receptor 3 interacts with Connexin 43 inhibiting astrocytic gap junctional intercellular communication. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4855. [PMID: 32978390 PMCID: PMC7519114 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18634-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3) plays a pivotal role in directing the migration of various cellular populations and its over-expression in tumors promotes cell proliferation and invasiveness. The intracellular signaling pathways transducing ACKR3-dependent effects remain poorly characterized, an issue we addressed by identifying the interactome of ACKR3. Here, we report that recombinant ACKR3 expressed in HEK293T cells recruits the gap junction protein Connexin 43 (Cx43). Cx43 and ACKR3 are co-expressed in mouse brain astrocytes and human glioblastoma cells and form a complex in embryonic mouse brain. Functional in vitro studies show enhanced ACKR3 interaction with Cx43 upon ACKR3 agonist stimulation. Furthermore, ACKR3 activation promotes β-arrestin2- and dynamin-dependent Cx43 internalization to inhibit gap junctional intercellular communication in primary astrocytes. These results demonstrate a functional link between ACKR3 and gap junctions that might be of pathophysiological relevance. The atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3) is known to regulate cell migration, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, the authors show, from an interactome analysis, ACKR3 association with the gap junction protein Connexin 43 in vivo and ACKR3-mediated inhibition of astrocyte gap junctional communication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amos Fumagalli
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Joyce Heuninck
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Pizzoccaro
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Enora Moutin
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Joyce Koenen
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, 92140, Clamart, France.,Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martial Séveno
- Biocampus Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Durroux
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Junier
- CNRS UMR8246, Inserm U1130, Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Géraldine Schlecht-Louf
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, 92140, Clamart, France
| | - Francoise Bachelerie
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, 92140, Clamart, France
| | - Dagmar Schütz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Ralf Stumm
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Martine J Smit
- Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathalie C Guérineau
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Séverine Chaumont-Dubel
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Marin
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Koch C, Engele J. Functions of the CXCL12 Receptor ACKR3/CXCR7-What Has Been Perceived and What Has Been Overlooked. Mol Pharmacol 2020; 98:577-585. [PMID: 32883765 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.120.000056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The CXCL12 system is central to the development of many organs and is further crucially engaged in pathophysiological processes underlying cancer, inflammation, and cardiovascular disorders. This disease-associated role presently focuses major interest on the two CXCL12 receptors, CXCR4 and atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3)/CXCR7, as promising therapeutic targets. Major obstacles in these ongoing efforts are confusing reports on the differential use of either ACKR3/CXCR7 and/or CXCR4 across various cells as well as on the specific function(s) of ACKR3/CXCR7. Although basically no doubts remain that CXCR4 represents a classic chemokine receptor, functions assigned to ACKR3/CXCR7 range from those of a strictly silent scavenger receptor eventually modulating CXCR4 signaling to an active and independent signaling receptor. In this review, we depict a thorough analysis of our present knowledge on different modes of organization and functions of the cellular CXCL12 system. We further highlight the potential role of ACKR3/CXCR7 as a "crosslinker" of different receptor systems. Finally, we discuss mechanisms with the potency to impinge on the cellular organization of the CXCL12 system and hence might represent additional future therapeutic targets. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Delineating the recognized functions of atypical chemokine receptor 3 and CXCR4 in CXCL12 signaling is central to the more detailed understanding of the role of the CXCL12 system in health and disease and will help to guide future research efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Koch
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jürgen Engele
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Leipzig, Medical Faculty, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ding P, Zhang W, Tan Q, Yao C, Lin S. Impairment of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in patients with glucocorticoid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head and changes of EPCs after glucocorticoid treatment in vitro. J Orthop Surg Res 2019; 14:226. [PMID: 31324193 PMCID: PMC6642597 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-019-1279-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) is a severe complication after high-dose glucocorticoid (GC) administration. The pathogenesis of GC-induced ANFH remains unclear. Though the important role of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in the progression of GC-induced ANFH has been noticed, the effects of GCs on EPCs and the underlying mechanism still need further study. Methods Circulating EPCs were obtained from the peripheral blood of ANFH patients and healthy controls by Ficoll-density gradient centrifugation. CD133+CD34+ cells with DiI-Ac-LDL uptake and FITC-UEA-1 binding were considered as EPCs. Number and functions of EPCs were analyzed by flow cytometry, chemotaxis assay, and tube formation assay. EPCs from healthy controls were also treated by different concentrations of methylprednisolone and prednisolone in vitro, and cell growth and angiogenic function were evaluated. Expression of CXCR7 and its downstream Akt/GSK-3β/Fyn pathway were also analyzed by western blots after cells treated by methylprednisolone in vitro. Results The number and functions of EPCs in patients with GC-induced ANFH were significantly decreased. In vitro study showed for the first time that except extremely high concentrations, low to medium concentrations of GCs did not have significant effects on EPCs’ growth. Methylprednisolone and prednisolone both inhibited angiogenesis of EPCs even at low concentrations. Mechanism studies found CXCR7 was downregulated in EPCs after methylprednisolone treatment in vitro. Expression and phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3β were also decreased with an upregulation of Fyn expression after steroid treatment. Conclusions Our study showed that GC-induced ANFH patients have reduced the number and impaired functions of circulating EPCs. GCs did not show a significant effect on the growth of EPCs in vitro except extremely high concentrations of GCs. However, GCs significantly impaired EPC angiogenic function in vitro, even at low concentrations. Our study also suggested that downregulation of CXCR7 and its downstream Akt/GSK-3β/Fyn pathway in EPCs might be a novel mechanism of how GCs suppress EPCs’ angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ding
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyuan Tan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Yao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China.
| | - Sen Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gao JH, Yu XH, Tang CK. CXC chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) in atherosclerosis: An underlying therapeutic target. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 495:538-544. [PMID: 31145896 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
CXC chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) is a specific chemokine ligand and plays a significant role in cell chemotaxis. Upon binding to CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) or CXCR7, CXCL12 can activate different signaling cascades to regulate cell proliferation, migration, and metabolism. CXCL12 exerts a pro-atherogenic action by aggravating multiple pathogenesis of atherogenesis, including dyslipidemia, inflammation, neointima hyperplasia, angiogenesis, and insulin resistance. Serum CXCL12 levels are also markedly increased in patients with atherosclerosis-associated disease. The present review focuses on recent advances in CXCL12 research in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis together with its clinical values. This may provide insight into potential novel therapies for atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Gao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Experiment Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Yu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Experiment Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Chao-Ke Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Atherosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Experiment Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Heuninck J, Perpiñá Viciano C, Işbilir A, Caspar B, Capoferri D, Briddon SJ, Durroux T, Hill SJ, Lohse MJ, Milligan G, Pin JP, Hoffmann C. Context-Dependent Signaling of CXC Chemokine Receptor 4 and Atypical Chemokine Receptor 3. Mol Pharmacol 2019; 96:778-793. [PMID: 31092552 DOI: 10.1124/mol.118.115477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are regulated by complex molecular mechanisms, both in physiologic and pathologic conditions, and their signaling can be intricate. Many factors influence their signaling behavior, including the type of ligand that activates the GPCR, the presence of interacting partners, the kinetics involved, or their location. The two CXC-type chemokine receptors, CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3), both members of the GPCR superfamily, are important and established therapeutic targets in relation to cancer, human immunodeficiency virus infection, and inflammatory diseases. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how the signaling of these receptors works to be able to specifically target them. In this review, we discuss how the signaling pathways activated by CXCR4 and ACKR3 can vary in different situations. G protein signaling of CXCR4 depends on the cellular context, and discrepancies exist depending on the cell lines used. ACKR3, as an atypical chemokine receptor, is generally reported to not activate G proteins but can broaden its signaling spectrum upon heteromerization with other receptors, such as CXCR4, endothelial growth factor receptor, or the α 1-adrenergic receptor (α 1-AR). Also, CXCR4 forms heteromers with CC chemokine receptor (CCR) 2, CCR5, the Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor 1, CXCR3, α 1-AR, and the opioid receptors, which results in differential signaling from that of the monomeric subunits. In addition, CXCR4 is present on membrane rafts but can go into the nucleus during cancer progression, probably acquiring different signaling properties. In this review, we also provide an overview of the currently known critical amino acids involved in CXCR4 and ACKR3 signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Heuninck
- IGF, CNRS, Inserm, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (J.H., T.D., J.-P.P.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.P.V., A.I., M.J.L., C.H.); Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Biomedicine, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany (C.P.V., C.H.); Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.I., M.J.L.); Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (D.C., G.M.); Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.); and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.)
| | - Cristina Perpiñá Viciano
- IGF, CNRS, Inserm, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (J.H., T.D., J.-P.P.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.P.V., A.I., M.J.L., C.H.); Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Biomedicine, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany (C.P.V., C.H.); Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.I., M.J.L.); Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (D.C., G.M.); Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.); and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.)
| | - Ali Işbilir
- IGF, CNRS, Inserm, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (J.H., T.D., J.-P.P.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.P.V., A.I., M.J.L., C.H.); Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Biomedicine, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany (C.P.V., C.H.); Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.I., M.J.L.); Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (D.C., G.M.); Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.); and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.)
| | - Birgit Caspar
- IGF, CNRS, Inserm, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (J.H., T.D., J.-P.P.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.P.V., A.I., M.J.L., C.H.); Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Biomedicine, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany (C.P.V., C.H.); Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.I., M.J.L.); Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (D.C., G.M.); Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.); and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.)
| | - Davide Capoferri
- IGF, CNRS, Inserm, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (J.H., T.D., J.-P.P.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.P.V., A.I., M.J.L., C.H.); Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Biomedicine, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany (C.P.V., C.H.); Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.I., M.J.L.); Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (D.C., G.M.); Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.); and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.)
| | - Stephen J Briddon
- IGF, CNRS, Inserm, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (J.H., T.D., J.-P.P.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.P.V., A.I., M.J.L., C.H.); Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Biomedicine, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany (C.P.V., C.H.); Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.I., M.J.L.); Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (D.C., G.M.); Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.); and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.)
| | - Thierry Durroux
- IGF, CNRS, Inserm, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (J.H., T.D., J.-P.P.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.P.V., A.I., M.J.L., C.H.); Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Biomedicine, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany (C.P.V., C.H.); Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.I., M.J.L.); Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (D.C., G.M.); Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.); and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.)
| | - Stephen J Hill
- IGF, CNRS, Inserm, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (J.H., T.D., J.-P.P.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.P.V., A.I., M.J.L., C.H.); Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Biomedicine, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany (C.P.V., C.H.); Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.I., M.J.L.); Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (D.C., G.M.); Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.); and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.)
| | - Martin J Lohse
- IGF, CNRS, Inserm, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (J.H., T.D., J.-P.P.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.P.V., A.I., M.J.L., C.H.); Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Biomedicine, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany (C.P.V., C.H.); Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.I., M.J.L.); Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (D.C., G.M.); Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.); and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.)
| | - Graeme Milligan
- IGF, CNRS, Inserm, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (J.H., T.D., J.-P.P.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.P.V., A.I., M.J.L., C.H.); Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Biomedicine, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany (C.P.V., C.H.); Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.I., M.J.L.); Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (D.C., G.M.); Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.); and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.)
| | - Jean-Philippe Pin
- IGF, CNRS, Inserm, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (J.H., T.D., J.-P.P.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.P.V., A.I., M.J.L., C.H.); Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Biomedicine, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany (C.P.V., C.H.); Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.I., M.J.L.); Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (D.C., G.M.); Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.); and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.)
| | - Carsten Hoffmann
- IGF, CNRS, Inserm, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France (J.H., T.D., J.-P.P.); Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany (C.P.V., A.I., M.J.L., C.H.); Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Biomedicine, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany (C.P.V., C.H.); Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.I., M.J.L.); Centre for Translational Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular, Cell, and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (D.C., G.M.); Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.); and Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors, University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, The Midlands, United Kingdom (B.C., S.J.B., S.J.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Harnessing CXCL12 signaling to protect and preserve functional β-cell mass and for cell replacement in type 1 diabetes. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 193:63-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
21
|
Griffiths K, Habiel DM, Jaffar J, Binder U, Darby WG, Hosking CG, Skerra A, Westall GP, Hogaboam CM, Foley M. Anti-fibrotic Effects of CXCR4-Targeting i-body AD-114 in Preclinical Models of Pulmonary Fibrosis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3212. [PMID: 29453386 PMCID: PMC5816662 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20811-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic fibrotic lung disease that is prevalent in individuals >50 years of age, with a median survival of 3–5 years and limited therapeutic options. The disease is characterized by collagen deposition and remodeling of the lung parenchyma in a process that is thought to be driven by collagen-expressing immune and structural cells. The G-protein coupled C-X-C chemokine receptor 4, CXCR4, is a candidate therapeutic target for IPF owing to its role in the recruitment of CXCR4+ fibrocytes from the bone marrow to fibrotic lung tissue and its increased expression levels by structural cells in fibrotic lung tissue. We have engineered a novel fully human single domain antibody “i-body” called AD-114 that binds with high affinity to human CXCR4. We demonstrate here that AD-114 inhibits invasive wound healing and collagen 1 secretion by human IPF fibroblasts but not non-diseased control lung fibroblasts. Furthermore, in a murine bleomycin model of pulmonary fibrosis, AD-114 reduced the accumulation of fibrocytes (CXCR4+/Col1+/CD45+) in fibrotic murine lungs and ameliorated the degree of lung injury. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that AD-114 holds promise as a new biological therapeutic for the treatment of IPF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Griffiths
- AdAlta Limited, La Trobe University, 15/2 Park Drive, Bundoora, 3083, Australia.,The Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, 3086, Australia
| | - D M Habiel
- Cedars-Sinai, Medical Centre, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - J Jaffar
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - U Binder
- XL-protein GmbH, Lise-Meitner-Str. 30, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - W G Darby
- AdAlta Limited, La Trobe University, 15/2 Park Drive, Bundoora, 3083, Australia.,The Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, 3086, Australia
| | - C G Hosking
- AdAlta Limited, La Trobe University, 15/2 Park Drive, Bundoora, 3083, Australia.,The Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, 3086, Australia
| | - A Skerra
- XL-protein GmbH, Lise-Meitner-Str. 30, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - G P Westall
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - C M Hogaboam
- Cedars-Sinai, Medical Centre, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - M Foley
- AdAlta Limited, La Trobe University, 15/2 Park Drive, Bundoora, 3083, Australia. .,The Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, 3086, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Murphy PM, Heusinkveld L. Multisystem multitasking by CXCL12 and its receptors CXCR4 and ACKR3. Cytokine 2018; 109:2-10. [PMID: 29398278 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines are named and best known for their chemotactic cytokine activity in the hematopoietic system; however, their importance extends far beyond leukocytes, cell movement and immunoregulation. CXCL12, the most protean of chemokines, regulates development in multiple systems, including the hematopoietic, cardiovascular and nervous systems, and regulates diverse cell functions, including differentiation, distribution, activation, immune synapse formation, effector function, proliferation and survival in the immune system alone. The broad importance of CXCL12 is revealed by the complex lethal developmental phenotypes in mice lacking either Cxcl12 or either one of its two known 7-transmembrane domain receptors Cxcr4 and Ackr3, as well as by gain-of-function mutations in human CXCR4, which cause WHIM syndrome, a multisystem and combined immunodeficiency disease and the only Mendelian condition caused by a chemokine system mutation. In addition, wild type CXCR4 is important in the pathogenesis of HIV/AIDS and cancer. Thus, CXCL12 and its receptors CXCR4 and ACKR3 provide extraordinary examples of multisystem multitasking in the chemokine system in both health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip M Murphy
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Lauren Heusinkveld
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Melo RDCC, Ferro KPV, Duarte ADSS, Olalla Saad ST. CXCR7 participates in CXCL12-mediated migration and homing of leukemic and normal hematopoietic cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:34. [PMID: 29433559 PMCID: PMC5810108 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0765-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
CXCR4 was the first receptor identified for CXCL12, but a second receptor, CXCR7, has also been described and its function in hematopoietic cells remains unknown. By inhibition of CXCR4 and/or CXCR7, we showed that CXCR7 participates in normal CD34+ and U937 cell migration and prevents downregulation of CXCR4 by CXCL12 stimulation. In addition, CXCR7 contributes to homing of acute myeloid leukemia and normal progenitor cells to the bone marrow and spleen of NOD/SCID mice. In summary, this study shows an essential role of CXCR7, together with CXCR4, in the control of normal and malignant hematopoietic cell migration and homing induced by CXCL12.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita de Cassia Carvalho Melo
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Center, University of Campinas/Hemocentro UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karla Priscila Viera Ferro
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Center, University of Campinas/Hemocentro UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Sara Teresinha Olalla Saad
- Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Center, University of Campinas/Hemocentro UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Rein LA, Wisler JW, Kim J, Theriot B, Huang L, Price T, Yang H, Chen M, Chen W, Sipkins D, Fedoriw Y, Walker JK, Premont RT, Lefkowitz RJ. β-Arrestin2 mediates progression of murine primary myelofibrosis. JCI Insight 2017; 2:98094. [PMID: 29263312 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.98094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary myelofibrosis is a myeloproliferative neoplasm associated with significant morbidity and mortality, for which effective therapies are lacking. β-Arrestins are multifunctional adaptor proteins involved in developmental signaling pathways. One isoform, β-arrestin2 (βarr2), has been implicated in initiation and progression of chronic myeloid leukemia, another myeloproliferative neoplasm closely related to primary myelofibrosis. Accordingly, we investigated the relationship between βarr2 and primary myelofibrosis. In a murine model of MPLW515L-mutant primary myelofibrosis, mice transplanted with donor βarr2-knockout (βarr2-/-) hematopoietic stem cells infected with MPL-mutant retrovirus did not develop myelofibrosis, whereas controls uniformly succumbed to disease. Although transplanted βarr2-/- cells homed properly to marrow, they did not repopulate long-term due to increased apoptosis and decreased self-renewal of βarr2-/- cells. In order to assess the effect of acute loss of βarr2 in established primary myelofibrosis in vivo, we utilized a tamoxifen-induced Cre-conditional βarr2-knockout mouse. Mice that received Cre (+) donor cells and developed myelofibrosis had significantly improved survival compared with controls. These data indicate that lack of antiapoptotic βarr2 mediates marrow failure of murine hematopoietic stem cells overexpressing MPLW515L. They also indicate that βarr2 is necessary for progression of primary myelofibrosis, suggesting that it may serve as a novel therapeutic target in this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Trevor Price
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy
| | - Haeyoon Yang
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy
| | - Minyong Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Yuri Fedoriw
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Richard T Premont
- Division of Gastroenterology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robert J Lefkowitz
- Department of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang Y, Xu P, Qiu L, Zhang M, Huang Y, Zheng JC. CXCR7 Participates in CXCL12-mediated Cell Cycle and Proliferation Regulation in Mouse Neural Progenitor Cells. Curr Mol Med 2017; 16:738-746. [PMID: 27573194 PMCID: PMC5345320 DOI: 10.2174/1566524016666160829153453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: Cell cycle regulation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) is an essential process for neurogenesis, neural development, and repair after brain trauma. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1, CXCL12) and its receptors CXCR4 and CXCR7 are well known in regulating the migration and survival of NPCs. The effects of CXCL12 on NPCs proliferation, cell cycle regulation, and their associated signaling pathways remain unclear. Cyclin D1 is a protein required for progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle and a known downstream target of β-catenin. Therefore, cyclin D1 plays critical roles of cell cycle regulation, proliferation, and survival in NPCs. Methods: Primary mouse NPCs (mNPCs) were derived from brain tissues of wild-type, Cxcr4 knockout, or Cxcr7 knockout mice at mouse embryonic day 13.5 (E13.5). Flow cytometry was used to perform cell cycle analysis by quantitation of DNA content. Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to evaluate mRNA and protein expressions, respectively. Ki67 immunostaining and TUNEL assay were used to assess the proliferation and survival of mNPCs, respectively. Results: CXCL12 pretreatment led to the shortening of G0/G1 phase and lengthening of S phase, suggesting that CXCL12 regulates cell cycle progression in mNPCs. Consistently, CXCL12 treatment increased the expression of CyclinD1 and β-catenin, and promoted proliferation and survival of mNPCs. Cxcr7 knockout of mNPCs blocked CXCL12-mediated mNPCs proliferation, whereas Cxcr4 knockout mNPC did not significantly effect CXCL12- mediated mNPCs proliferation. Conclusion: CXCR7 plays an important role in CXCL12-mediated mNPC cell cycle regulation and proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Y Huang
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China; 985930 University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5930, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
CXCL12 enhances angiogenesis through CXCR7 activation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8289. [PMID: 28811579 PMCID: PMC5557870 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08840-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the process by which new vessels form from existing vascular networks. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) may contribute to the study of vascular repair and angiogenesis. The chemokine CXCL12 regulates multiple cell functions, including angiogenesis, mainly through its receptor CXCR4. In contrast to CXCL12/CXCR4, few studies have described roles for CXCR7 in vascular biology, and the downstream mechanism of CXCR7 in angiogenesis remains unclear. The results of the present study showed that CXCL12 dose-dependently enhanced angiogenesis in chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs) and HUVECs. The specific activation of CXCR7 with TC14012 (a CXCR7 agonist) resulted in the significant induction of tube formation in HUVECs and in vivo. Further evidence suggested that CXCL12 induced directional polarization and migration in the HUVECs, which is necessary for tube formation. Moreover, CXCR7 translocalization was observed during the polarization of HUVECs in stripe assays. Finally, treatment with TC14012 also significantly increased PI3K/Akt phosphorylation, and tube formation was blocked by treating HUVECs with an Akt inhibitor. Overall, this study indicated that CXCL12-stimulated CXCR7 acts as a functional receptor to activate Akt for angiogenesis in HUVECs and that CXCR7 may be a potential target molecule for endothelial regeneration and repair after vascular injury.
Collapse
|
27
|
Muench MO, Kapidzic M, Gormley M, Gutierrez AG, Ponder KL, Fomin ME, Beyer AI, Stolp H, Qi Z, Fisher SJ, Bárcena A. The human chorion contains definitive hematopoietic stem cells from the fifteenth week of gestation. Development 2017; 144:1399-1411. [PMID: 28255007 DOI: 10.1242/dev.138438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We examined the contribution of the fetal membranes, amnion and chorion, to human embryonic and fetal hematopoiesis. A population of cells displaying a hematopoietic progenitor phenotype (CD34++ CD45low) of fetal origin was present in the chorion at all gestational ages, associated with stromal cells or near blood vessels, but was absent in the amnion. Prior to 15 weeks of gestation, these cells lacked hematopoietic in vivo engraftment potential. Differences in the chemokine receptor and β1 integrin expression profiles of progenitors between the first and second trimesters suggest that these cells had gestationally regulated responses to homing signals and/or adhesion mechanisms that influenced their ability to colonize the stem cell niche. Definitive hematopoietic stem cells, capable of multilineage and long-term reconstitution when transplanted in immunodeficient mice, were present in the chorion from 15-24 weeks gestation, but were absent at term. The second trimester cells also engrafted secondary recipients in serial transplantation experiments. Thus, the human chorion contains functionally mature hematopoietic stem cells at mid-gestation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus O Muench
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Mirhan Kapidzic
- The Ely and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Center of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Matthew Gormley
- The Ely and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Center of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Alan G Gutierrez
- The Ely and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Center of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kathryn L Ponder
- The Ely and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Marina E Fomin
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - Ashley I Beyer
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - Haley Stolp
- The Ely and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Center of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Zhongxia Qi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Cytogenetics Laboratory, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Susan J Fisher
- The Ely and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.,Center of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Alicia Bárcena
- The Ely and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA .,Center of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Dai X, Yan X, Zeng J, Chen J, Wang Y, Chen J, Li Y, Barati MT, Wintergerst KA, Pan K, Nystoriak MA, Conklin DJ, Rokosh G, Epstein PN, Li X, Tan Y. Elevating CXCR7 Improves Angiogenic Function of EPCs via Akt/GSK-3β/Fyn-Mediated Nrf2 Activation in Diabetic Limb Ischemia. Circ Res 2017; 120:e7-e23. [PMID: 28137917 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.310619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) respond to stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) through chemokine receptors CXCR7 and CXCR4. Whether SDF-1 receptors involves in diabetes mellitus-induced EPCs dysfunction remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine the role of SDF-1 receptors in diabetic EPCs dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS CXCR7 expression, but not CXCR4 was reduced in EPCs from db/db mice, which coincided with impaired tube formation. Knockdown of CXCR7 impaired tube formation of EPCs from normal mice, whereas upregulation of CXCR7 rescued angiogenic function of EPCs from db/db mice. In normal EPCs treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein or high glucose also reduced CXCR7 expression, impaired tube formation, and increased oxidative stress and apoptosis. The damaging effects of oxidized low-density lipoprotein or high glucose were markedly reduced by SDF-1 pretreatment in EPCs transduced with CXCR7 lentivirus but not in EPCs transduced with control lentivirus. Most importantly, EPCs transduced with CXCR7 lentivirus were superior to EPCs transduced with control lentivirus for therapy of ischemic limbs in db/db mice. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that oxidized low-density lipoprotein or high glucose inhibited protein kinase B and glycogen synthase kinase-3β phosphorylation, nuclear export of Fyn and nuclear localization of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), blunting Nrf2 downstream target genes heme oxygenase-1, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone 1) and catalase, and inducing an increase in EPC oxidative stress. This destructive cascade was blocked by SDF-1 treatment in EPCs transduced with CXCR7 lentivirus. Furthermore, inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B prevented SDF-1/CXCR7-mediated Nrf2 activation and blocked angiogenic repair. Moreover, Nrf2 knockdown almost completely abolished the protective effects of SDF-1/CXCR7 on EPC function in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Elevated expression of CXCR7 enhances EPC resistance to diabetes mellitus-induced oxidative damage and improves therapeutic efficacy of EPCs in treating diabetic limb ischemia. The benefits of CXCR7 are mediated predominantly by a protein kinase B/glycogen synthase kinase-3β/Fyn pathway via increased activity of Nrf2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Dai
- From the Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & School of Nursing at the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China (X.D., X.Y., Jun Chen, X.L., Y.T.); School of Biomedicine, Chengdu Medical College, China (X.D., K.P.); Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Research Institute, School of Medicine (X.D., J.Z., Jing Chen, Jun Chen, P.N.E., Y.T.), Department of Surgery (Y.L.), Department of Medicine (M.T.B., M.A.N., D.J.C.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Wendy L. Novak Diabetes Care Center (K.A.W.), and Diabetes and Obesity Center (D.J.C.), University of Louisville, KY; Departments of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China (Y.W.); and Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham (G.R.)
| | - Xiaoqing Yan
- From the Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & School of Nursing at the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China (X.D., X.Y., Jun Chen, X.L., Y.T.); School of Biomedicine, Chengdu Medical College, China (X.D., K.P.); Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Research Institute, School of Medicine (X.D., J.Z., Jing Chen, Jun Chen, P.N.E., Y.T.), Department of Surgery (Y.L.), Department of Medicine (M.T.B., M.A.N., D.J.C.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Wendy L. Novak Diabetes Care Center (K.A.W.), and Diabetes and Obesity Center (D.J.C.), University of Louisville, KY; Departments of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China (Y.W.); and Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham (G.R.)
| | - Jun Zeng
- From the Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & School of Nursing at the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China (X.D., X.Y., Jun Chen, X.L., Y.T.); School of Biomedicine, Chengdu Medical College, China (X.D., K.P.); Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Research Institute, School of Medicine (X.D., J.Z., Jing Chen, Jun Chen, P.N.E., Y.T.), Department of Surgery (Y.L.), Department of Medicine (M.T.B., M.A.N., D.J.C.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Wendy L. Novak Diabetes Care Center (K.A.W.), and Diabetes and Obesity Center (D.J.C.), University of Louisville, KY; Departments of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China (Y.W.); and Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham (G.R.)
| | - Jing Chen
- From the Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & School of Nursing at the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China (X.D., X.Y., Jun Chen, X.L., Y.T.); School of Biomedicine, Chengdu Medical College, China (X.D., K.P.); Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Research Institute, School of Medicine (X.D., J.Z., Jing Chen, Jun Chen, P.N.E., Y.T.), Department of Surgery (Y.L.), Department of Medicine (M.T.B., M.A.N., D.J.C.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Wendy L. Novak Diabetes Care Center (K.A.W.), and Diabetes and Obesity Center (D.J.C.), University of Louisville, KY; Departments of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China (Y.W.); and Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham (G.R.)
| | - Yuehui Wang
- From the Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & School of Nursing at the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China (X.D., X.Y., Jun Chen, X.L., Y.T.); School of Biomedicine, Chengdu Medical College, China (X.D., K.P.); Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Research Institute, School of Medicine (X.D., J.Z., Jing Chen, Jun Chen, P.N.E., Y.T.), Department of Surgery (Y.L.), Department of Medicine (M.T.B., M.A.N., D.J.C.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Wendy L. Novak Diabetes Care Center (K.A.W.), and Diabetes and Obesity Center (D.J.C.), University of Louisville, KY; Departments of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China (Y.W.); and Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham (G.R.)
| | - Jun Chen
- From the Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & School of Nursing at the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China (X.D., X.Y., Jun Chen, X.L., Y.T.); School of Biomedicine, Chengdu Medical College, China (X.D., K.P.); Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Research Institute, School of Medicine (X.D., J.Z., Jing Chen, Jun Chen, P.N.E., Y.T.), Department of Surgery (Y.L.), Department of Medicine (M.T.B., M.A.N., D.J.C.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Wendy L. Novak Diabetes Care Center (K.A.W.), and Diabetes and Obesity Center (D.J.C.), University of Louisville, KY; Departments of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China (Y.W.); and Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham (G.R.)
| | - Yan Li
- From the Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & School of Nursing at the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China (X.D., X.Y., Jun Chen, X.L., Y.T.); School of Biomedicine, Chengdu Medical College, China (X.D., K.P.); Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Research Institute, School of Medicine (X.D., J.Z., Jing Chen, Jun Chen, P.N.E., Y.T.), Department of Surgery (Y.L.), Department of Medicine (M.T.B., M.A.N., D.J.C.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Wendy L. Novak Diabetes Care Center (K.A.W.), and Diabetes and Obesity Center (D.J.C.), University of Louisville, KY; Departments of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China (Y.W.); and Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham (G.R.)
| | - Michelle T Barati
- From the Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & School of Nursing at the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China (X.D., X.Y., Jun Chen, X.L., Y.T.); School of Biomedicine, Chengdu Medical College, China (X.D., K.P.); Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Research Institute, School of Medicine (X.D., J.Z., Jing Chen, Jun Chen, P.N.E., Y.T.), Department of Surgery (Y.L.), Department of Medicine (M.T.B., M.A.N., D.J.C.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Wendy L. Novak Diabetes Care Center (K.A.W.), and Diabetes and Obesity Center (D.J.C.), University of Louisville, KY; Departments of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China (Y.W.); and Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham (G.R.)
| | - Kupper A Wintergerst
- From the Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & School of Nursing at the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China (X.D., X.Y., Jun Chen, X.L., Y.T.); School of Biomedicine, Chengdu Medical College, China (X.D., K.P.); Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Research Institute, School of Medicine (X.D., J.Z., Jing Chen, Jun Chen, P.N.E., Y.T.), Department of Surgery (Y.L.), Department of Medicine (M.T.B., M.A.N., D.J.C.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Wendy L. Novak Diabetes Care Center (K.A.W.), and Diabetes and Obesity Center (D.J.C.), University of Louisville, KY; Departments of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China (Y.W.); and Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham (G.R.)
| | - Kejian Pan
- From the Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & School of Nursing at the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China (X.D., X.Y., Jun Chen, X.L., Y.T.); School of Biomedicine, Chengdu Medical College, China (X.D., K.P.); Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Research Institute, School of Medicine (X.D., J.Z., Jing Chen, Jun Chen, P.N.E., Y.T.), Department of Surgery (Y.L.), Department of Medicine (M.T.B., M.A.N., D.J.C.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Wendy L. Novak Diabetes Care Center (K.A.W.), and Diabetes and Obesity Center (D.J.C.), University of Louisville, KY; Departments of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China (Y.W.); and Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham (G.R.)
| | - Matthew A Nystoriak
- From the Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & School of Nursing at the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China (X.D., X.Y., Jun Chen, X.L., Y.T.); School of Biomedicine, Chengdu Medical College, China (X.D., K.P.); Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Research Institute, School of Medicine (X.D., J.Z., Jing Chen, Jun Chen, P.N.E., Y.T.), Department of Surgery (Y.L.), Department of Medicine (M.T.B., M.A.N., D.J.C.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Wendy L. Novak Diabetes Care Center (K.A.W.), and Diabetes and Obesity Center (D.J.C.), University of Louisville, KY; Departments of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China (Y.W.); and Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham (G.R.)
| | - Daniel J Conklin
- From the Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & School of Nursing at the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China (X.D., X.Y., Jun Chen, X.L., Y.T.); School of Biomedicine, Chengdu Medical College, China (X.D., K.P.); Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Research Institute, School of Medicine (X.D., J.Z., Jing Chen, Jun Chen, P.N.E., Y.T.), Department of Surgery (Y.L.), Department of Medicine (M.T.B., M.A.N., D.J.C.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Wendy L. Novak Diabetes Care Center (K.A.W.), and Diabetes and Obesity Center (D.J.C.), University of Louisville, KY; Departments of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China (Y.W.); and Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham (G.R.)
| | - Gregg Rokosh
- From the Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & School of Nursing at the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China (X.D., X.Y., Jun Chen, X.L., Y.T.); School of Biomedicine, Chengdu Medical College, China (X.D., K.P.); Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Research Institute, School of Medicine (X.D., J.Z., Jing Chen, Jun Chen, P.N.E., Y.T.), Department of Surgery (Y.L.), Department of Medicine (M.T.B., M.A.N., D.J.C.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Wendy L. Novak Diabetes Care Center (K.A.W.), and Diabetes and Obesity Center (D.J.C.), University of Louisville, KY; Departments of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China (Y.W.); and Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham (G.R.)
| | - Paul N Epstein
- From the Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & School of Nursing at the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China (X.D., X.Y., Jun Chen, X.L., Y.T.); School of Biomedicine, Chengdu Medical College, China (X.D., K.P.); Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Research Institute, School of Medicine (X.D., J.Z., Jing Chen, Jun Chen, P.N.E., Y.T.), Department of Surgery (Y.L.), Department of Medicine (M.T.B., M.A.N., D.J.C.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Wendy L. Novak Diabetes Care Center (K.A.W.), and Diabetes and Obesity Center (D.J.C.), University of Louisville, KY; Departments of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China (Y.W.); and Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham (G.R.)
| | - Xiaokun Li
- From the Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & School of Nursing at the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China (X.D., X.Y., Jun Chen, X.L., Y.T.); School of Biomedicine, Chengdu Medical College, China (X.D., K.P.); Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Research Institute, School of Medicine (X.D., J.Z., Jing Chen, Jun Chen, P.N.E., Y.T.), Department of Surgery (Y.L.), Department of Medicine (M.T.B., M.A.N., D.J.C.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Wendy L. Novak Diabetes Care Center (K.A.W.), and Diabetes and Obesity Center (D.J.C.), University of Louisville, KY; Departments of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China (Y.W.); and Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham (G.R.)
| | - Yi Tan
- From the Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & School of Nursing at the Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China (X.D., X.Y., Jun Chen, X.L., Y.T.); School of Biomedicine, Chengdu Medical College, China (X.D., K.P.); Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Research Institute, School of Medicine (X.D., J.Z., Jing Chen, Jun Chen, P.N.E., Y.T.), Department of Surgery (Y.L.), Department of Medicine (M.T.B., M.A.N., D.J.C.), Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Wendy L. Novak Diabetes Care Center (K.A.W.), and Diabetes and Obesity Center (D.J.C.), University of Louisville, KY; Departments of Geriatrics, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China (Y.W.); and Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham (G.R.).
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Puchert M, Adams V, Linke A, Engele J. Evidence for the involvement of the CXCL12 system in the adaptation of skeletal muscles to physical exercise. Cell Signal 2016; 28:1205-1215. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
30
|
Enciso J, Mayani H, Mendoza L, Pelayo R. Modeling the Pro-inflammatory Tumor Microenvironment in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Predicts a Breakdown of Hematopoietic-Mesenchymal Communication Networks. Front Physiol 2016; 7:349. [PMID: 27594840 PMCID: PMC4990565 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lineage fate decisions of hematopoietic cells depend on intrinsic factors and extrinsic signals provided by the bone marrow microenvironment, where they reside. Abnormalities in composition and function of hematopoietic niches have been proposed as key contributors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) progression. Our previous experimental findings strongly suggest that pro-inflammatory cues contribute to mesenchymal niche abnormalities that result in maintenance of ALL precursor cells at the expense of normal hematopoiesis. Here, we propose a molecular regulatory network interconnecting the major communication pathways between hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) within the BM. Dynamical analysis of the network as a Boolean model reveals two stationary states that can be interpreted as the intercellular contact status. Furthermore, simulations describe the molecular patterns observed during experimental proliferation and activation. Importantly, our model predicts instability in the CXCR4/CXCL12 and VLA4/VCAM1 interactions following microenvironmental perturbation due by temporal signaling from Toll like receptors (TLRs) ligation. Therefore, aberrant expression of NF-κB induced by intrinsic or extrinsic factors may contribute to create a tumor microenvironment where a negative feedback loop inhibiting CXCR4/CXCL12 and VLA4/VCAM1 cellular communication axes allows for the maintenance of malignant cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Enciso
- Oncology Research Unit, Mexican Institute for Social SecurityMexico City, Mexico; Biochemistry Sciences Program, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MexicoMexico City, Mexico
| | - Hector Mayani
- Oncology Research Unit, Mexican Institute for Social Security Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Mendoza
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosana Pelayo
- Oncology Research Unit, Mexican Institute for Social Security Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kim HY, Lee SY, Kim DY, Moon JY, Choi YS, Song IC, Lee HJ, Yun HJ, Kim S, Jo DY. Expression and functional roles of the chemokine receptor CXCR7 in acute myeloid leukemia cells. Blood Res 2015; 50:218-26. [PMID: 26770949 PMCID: PMC4705047 DOI: 10.5045/br.2015.50.4.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The C-X-C chemokine receptor 7 (CXCR7) has been shown to be a decoy receptor for CXCR4 in certain cell types. We investigated the expression status and functional roles of CXCR7 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells in vitro. METHODS CXCR7 mRNA was knocked down in AML cells by using small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology, and subsequent biological alterations in the cells were evaluated in vitro. RESULTS All AML cell lines examined in this study (U937, K562, KG1a, HL-60, and MO7e) and primary CD34(+) cells obtained from patients with AML expressed CXCR7 mRNA at various levels. Western blotting showed that all AML cells produced CXCR7. Furthermore, all AML cells expressed CXCR7 in both the cytoplasm and on the cell surface at various levels. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1; C-X-C motif ligand 12 (CXCL12)) induced internalization of cell surface CXCR7. However, neither hypoxia nor the examined hematopoietic growth factors (interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-3, IL-6, granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte, macrophage-colony-stimulating factor, and stem cell factor) and proinflammatory cytokines (interferon-γ, transforming growth factor-β, and tumor necrosis factor-α) were found to alter cell surface CXCR7 expression. The transfection of AML cells with CXCR4 siRNA, but not CXCR7 siRNA, significantly impaired the CXCL12-induced transmigration of the cells. The transfection of AML cells with CXCR7 siRNA did not affect the survival or proliferation of these cells. Knockdown of CXCR7, but not CXCR4, induced the upregulation of CXCL12 mRNA expression and CXCL12 production in AML cells. CONCLUSION CXCR7 is involved in the regulation of autocrine CXCL12 in AML cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Yon Kim
- Department of Drug Activity, New Drug Development Center, Medical Innovation Foundation, Osong, Daejeon, Korea
| | - So-Yeon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Deog-Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ik-Chan Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hwan-Jung Yun
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Samyong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Deog-Yeon Jo
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Coste C, Neirinckx V, Gothot A, Wislet S, Rogister B. Are neural crest stem cells the missing link between hematopoietic and neurogenic niches? Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:218. [PMID: 26136659 PMCID: PMC4469833 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic niches are defined as cellular and molecular microenvironments that regulate hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function together with stem cell autonomous mechanisms. Many different cell types have been characterized as contributors to the formation of HSC niches, such as osteoblasts, endothelial cells, Schwann cells, and mesenchymal progenitors. These mesenchymal progenitors have themselves been classified as CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL) 12-abundant reticular (CAR) cells, stem cell factor expressing cells, or nestin-positive mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which have been recently identified as neural crest-derived cells (NCSCs). Together, these cells are spatially associated with HSCs and believed to provide appropriate microenvironments for HSC self-renewal, differentiation, mobilization and hibernation both by cell-cell contact and soluble factors. Interestingly, it appears that regulatory pathways governing the hematopoietic niche homeostasis are operating in the neurogenic niche as well. Therefore, this review paper aims to compare both the regulation of hematopoietic and neurogenic niches, in order to highlight the role of NCSCs and nervous system components in the development and the regulation of the hematopoietic system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Coste
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée-Neurosciences, Unit of Nervous System Disorders and Treatment, University of Liège Liège, Belgium
| | - Virginie Neirinckx
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée-Neurosciences, Unit of Nervous System Disorders and Treatment, University of Liège Liège, Belgium
| | - André Gothot
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée-Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Liège Liège, Belgium ; Hematology Department, University Hospital Liège, Belgium
| | - Sabine Wislet
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée-Neurosciences, Unit of Nervous System Disorders and Treatment, University of Liège Liège, Belgium
| | - Bernard Rogister
- Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée-Neurosciences, Unit of Nervous System Disorders and Treatment, University of Liège Liège, Belgium ; Groupe Interdisciplinaire de Génoprotéomique Appliquée-Development, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, University of Liège Liège, Belgium ; Neurology Department, University Hospital Liège, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
HIF-1α is required for hematopoietic stem cell mobilization and 4-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors enhance mobilization by stabilizing HIF-1α. Leukemia 2015; 29:1366-78. [PMID: 25578474 PMCID: PMC4498452 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many patients with hematological neoplasms fail to mobilize sufficient numbers of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) precluding subsequent autologous HSC transplantation. Plerixafor, a specific antagonist of the chemokine receptor CXCR4, can rescue some but not all patients who failed to mobilize with G-CSF alone. These refractory poor mobilizers cannot currently benefit from autologous transplantation. To discover alternative targetable pathways to enhance HSC mobilization, we studied the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and the effect of HIF-1α pharmacological stabilization on HSC mobilization in mice. We demonstrate in mice with HSC-specific conditional deletion of the Hif1a gene that the oxygen-labile transcription factor HIF-1α is essential for HSC mobilization in response to G-CSF and Plerixafor. Conversely, pharmacological stabilization of HIF-1α with the 4-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor FG-4497 synergizes with G-CSF and Plerixafor increasing mobilization of reconstituting HSCs 20-fold compared with G-CSF plus Plerixafor, currently the most potent mobilizing combination used in the clinic.
Collapse
|
34
|
Walsh TG, Harper MT, Poole AW. SDF-1α is a novel autocrine activator of platelets operating through its receptor CXCR4. Cell Signal 2014; 27:37-46. [PMID: 25283599 PMCID: PMC4265729 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Platelets store and secrete the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α upon platelet activation, but the ability of platelet-derived SDF-1α to signal in an autocrine/paracrine manner mediating functional platelet responses relevant to thrombosis and haemostasis is unknown. We sought to explore the role of platelet-derived SDF-1α and its receptors, CXCR4 and CXCR7 in facilitating platelet activation and determine the mechanism facilitating SDF-1α-mediated regulation of platelet function. Using human washed platelets, CXCR4 inhibition, but not CXCR7 blockade significantly abrogated collagen-mediated platelet aggregation, dense granule secretion and thromboxane (Tx) A2 production. Time-dependent release of SDF-1α from collagen-activated platelets supports a functional role for SDF-1α in this regard. Using an in vitro whole blood perfusion assay, collagen-induced thrombus formation was substantially reduced with CXCR4 inhibition. In washed platelets, recombinant SDF-1α in the range of 20–100 ng/mL− 1 could significantly enhance platelet aggregation responses to a threshold concentration of collagen. These enhancements were completely dependent on CXCR4, but not CXCR7, which triggered TxA2 production and dense granule secretion. Rises in cAMP were significantly blunted by SDF-1α, which could also enhance collagen-mediated Ca(2 +) mobilisation, both of which were mediated by CXCR4. This potentiating effect of SDF-1α primarily required TxA2 signalling acting upstream of dense granule secretion, whereas blockade of ADP signalling could only partially attenuate SDF-1α-induced platelet activation. Therefore, this study supports a potentially novel autocrine/paracrine role for platelet-derived SDF-1α during thrombosis and haemostasis, through a predominantly TxA2-dependent and ADP-independent pathway. Collagen-induced platelet aggregation, TxA2 production and dense granule secretion require CXCR4 signalling. CXCR4 regulates platelet thrombus formation. SDF-1α-induced changes in cAMP and Ca(2 +) signalling require CXCR4. SDF-1α, via CXCR4, enhances platelet activation responses to collagen, primarily through a TxA2-dependent and ADP-independent pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tony G Walsh
- School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew T Harper
- School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
| | - Alastair W Poole
- School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Salazar N, Muñoz D, Kallifatidis G, Singh RK, Jordà M, Lokeshwar BL. The chemokine receptor CXCR7 interacts with EGFR to promote breast cancer cell proliferation. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:198. [PMID: 25168820 PMCID: PMC4167278 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent advances have revealed a significant contribution of chemokines and their receptors in tumor growth, survival after chemotherapy, and organ-specific metastasis. The CXC chemokine receptor-7 (CXCR7) is the latest chemokine receptor implicated in cancer. Although over expressed in breast cancer cell lines and tumor tissues, its mechanism of action in breast cancer (BrCa) growth and metastasis is unclear. Studies in other cancers have implicated CXCR7 in cell proliferation, anti-apoptotic activity and cell-cell adhesion. The present study was initiated to examine the pattern of CXCR7 expression and its role in regulation of growth signaling in breast cancer. Methods The contribution of CXCR7 in BrCa cell proliferation was investigated in representative cell lines using real time quantitative PCR (q-PCR), proliferation assays, immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. Phenotypic changes were examined after CXCR7 specific cDNA and siRNA transfection and expression levels were monitored by q-PCR. Further, the association of CXCR7 with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and modulation of its activity were investigated by western blotting, immunofluorescence, and in-situ proximity ligation assays in human BrCa cells and tissues. Results CXCR7 was expressed in both, estrogen receptor (ER) positive and negative BrCa cell lines. CXCR7 was also expressed unevenly in normal breast tissues and to a much higher extent in ER + cancer tissues. Depletion of CXCR7 in MCF7 BrCa cells by RNA interference decreased proliferation and caused cell cycle arrest. Further, proximity ligation assay (PLA) revealed colocalization of CXCR7 with EGFR in cancer tissues and cancer cell lines. CXCR7 depletion reduced levels of phospho-EGFR at Tyrosine1110 after EGF-stimulation and also reduced phosphorylation of ERK1/2, indicating a potentially direct impact on mitogenic signaling in MCF7 cells. Using siRNA to knockdown β-arrestin2 in cells with EGFR over expression we were able to nearly deplete the CXCR7-EGFR colocalization events, suggesting that β-arrestin2 acts as a scaffold to enhance CXCR7 dependent activation of EGFR after EGF stimulation. Conclusions These results demonstrate coupling of CXCR7 with EGFR to regulate proliferation of BrCa cells and suggest an important ligand-independent role of CXCR7 in BrCa growth. Thus, the CXCR7-EGFR axis is a promising target for breast cancer therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1476-4598-13-198) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bal L Lokeshwar
- Sheila and David Fuente Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Jajosky AN, Coad JE, Vos JA, Martin KH, Senft JR, Wenger SL, Gibson LF. RepSox slows decay of CD34+ acute myeloid leukemia cells and decreases T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 expression. Stem Cells Transl Med 2014; 3:836-48. [PMID: 24855276 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2013-0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite initial response to therapy, most acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients relapse. To eliminate relapse-causing leukemic stem/progenitor cells (LPCs), patient-specific immune therapies may be required. In vitro cellular engineering may require increasing the "stemness" or immunogenicity of tumor cells and activating or restoring cancer-impaired immune-effector and antigen-presenting cells. Leukapheresis samples provide the cells needed to engineer therapies: LPCs to be targeted, normal hematopoietic stem cells to be spared, and cancer-impaired immune cells to be repaired and activated. This study sought to advance development of LPC-targeted therapies by exploring nongenetic ways to slow the decay and to increase the immunogenicity of primary CD34(+) AML cells. CD34(+) AML cells generally displayed more colony-forming and aldehyde dehydrogenase activity than CD34(-) AML cells. Along with exposure to bone marrow stromal cells and low (1%-5%) oxygen, culture with RepSox (a reprogramming tool and inhibitor of transforming growth factor-β receptor 1) consistently slowed decline of CD34(+) AML and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) cells. RepSox-treated AML cells displayed higher CD34, CXCL12, and MYC mRNA levels than dimethyl sulfoxide-treated controls. RepSox also accelerated loss of T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (Tim-3), an immune checkpoint receptor that impairs antitumor immunity, from the surface of AML and MDS cells. Our results suggest RepSox may reduce Tim-3 expression by inhibiting transforming growth factor-β signaling and slow decay of CD34(+) AML cells by increasing CXCL12 and MYC, two factors that inhibit AML cell differentiation. By prolonging survival of CD34(+) AML cells and reducing Tim-3, RepSox may promote in vitro immune cell activation and advance development of LPC-targeted therapies.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Aldehyde Dehydrogenase/metabolism
- Antigens, CD34/genetics
- Antigens, CD34/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cellular Reprogramming/drug effects
- Chemokine CXCL12/genetics
- Chemokine CXCL12/metabolism
- Coculture Techniques
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Feeder Cells
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/drug effects
- Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2
- Humans
- Leukapheresis
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/immunology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/therapy
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/immunology
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Oxygen/metabolism
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/metabolism
- Pyrazoles/pharmacology
- Pyridines/pharmacology
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Time Factors
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Tumor Escape
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Audrey N Jajosky
- Alexander B. Osborn Hematopoietic Malignancy and Transplantation Program of the Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, Cancer Cell Biology Program, and Departments of Pathology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, and Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - James E Coad
- Alexander B. Osborn Hematopoietic Malignancy and Transplantation Program of the Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, Cancer Cell Biology Program, and Departments of Pathology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, and Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Vos
- Alexander B. Osborn Hematopoietic Malignancy and Transplantation Program of the Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, Cancer Cell Biology Program, and Departments of Pathology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, and Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Karen H Martin
- Alexander B. Osborn Hematopoietic Malignancy and Transplantation Program of the Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, Cancer Cell Biology Program, and Departments of Pathology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, and Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Jamie R Senft
- Alexander B. Osborn Hematopoietic Malignancy and Transplantation Program of the Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, Cancer Cell Biology Program, and Departments of Pathology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, and Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Sharon L Wenger
- Alexander B. Osborn Hematopoietic Malignancy and Transplantation Program of the Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, Cancer Cell Biology Program, and Departments of Pathology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, and Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Laura F Gibson
- Alexander B. Osborn Hematopoietic Malignancy and Transplantation Program of the Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, Cancer Cell Biology Program, and Departments of Pathology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, and Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Arabanian LS, Fierro FA, Stölzel F, Heder C, Poitz DM, Strasser RH, Wobus M, Borhäuser M, Ferrer RA, Platzbecker U, Schieker M, Docheva D, Ehninger G, Illmer T. MicroRNA-23a mediates post-transcriptional regulation of CXCL12 in bone marrow stromal cells. Haematologica 2014; 99:997-1005. [PMID: 24584347 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2013.097675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine CXCL12 regulates the interaction between hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and bone marrow stromal cells. Although its relevance in the bone marrow niche is well recognized, the regulation of CXCL12 by microRNA is not completely understood. We transfected a library of 486 microRNA in the bone marrow stromal cell line SCP-1 and studied the expression of CXCL12. Twenty-seven microRNA were shown to downregulate expression of CXCL12. Eight microRNA (miR-23a, 130b, 135, 200b, 200c, 216, 222, and 602) interacted directly with the 3'UTR of CXCL12. Next, we determined that only miR-23a is predicted to bind to the 3'UTR and is strongly expressed in primary bone marrow stromal cells. Modulation of miR-23a changes the migratory potential of hematopoietic progenitor cells in co-culture experiments. We discovered that TGFB1 mediates its inhibitory effect on CXCL12 levels by upregulation of miR-23a. This process was partly reversed by miR-23a molecules. Finally, we determined an inverse expression of CXCL12 and miR-23a in stromal cells from patients with myelodys-plastic syndrome indicating that the interaction has a pathophysiological role. Here, we show for the first time that CXCL12-targeting miR23a regulates the functional properties of the hematopoietic niche.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laleh S Arabanian
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Germany
| | - Fernando A Fierro
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Friedrich Stölzel
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Germany
| | - Carolin Heder
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Germany
| | - David M Poitz
- Medical Clinic of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Dresden University of Technology, Germany
| | - Ruth H Strasser
- Medical Clinic of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Dresden University of Technology, Germany
| | - Manja Wobus
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Germany
| | - Martin Borhäuser
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Germany
| | - Ruben A Ferrer
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Germany
| | - Uwe Platzbecker
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Germany
| | - Matthias Schieker
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Denitsa Docheva
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Gerhard Ehninger
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Germany
| | - Thomas Illmer
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Germany
| |
Collapse
|