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Shu Z, Deng M, Han T, Mao H. De Novo Deep Intron ELANE Mutation Resulting in Severe Congenital Neutropenia. J Clin Immunol 2024; 44:183. [PMID: 39172268 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-024-01783-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) comprises a diverse range of rare hematological disorders characterized by recurrent, often life-threatening infections that manifest within the first months of life. Mutations in the ELANE gene are the most prevalent cause of SCN. While over 230 mutations in ELANE have been documented, including substitutions, frameshifts, nonsense mutations, and splice site alterations, the occurrence of deep intronic mutations has not been previously reported. Herein, we present the case of a young girl who exhibited recurrent fever, respiratory infections, skin abscesses, and gingivitis shortly after birth. Laboratory analysis revealed markedly diminished neutrophil levels alongside elevated monocyte and eosinophil counts. Bone marrow examination disclosed a halt in myelopoiesis maturation. ELANE gene full-length sequencing identified a novel de novo deep intron mutation in ELANE (c.598 + 79G > T), subsequently confirmed by Sanger sequencing. cDNA sequencing of the patient demonstrated aberrant gene splicing. Utilizing a mini-gene splicing assay for ELANE intronic variants, we identified a mutant ELANE allele (c.597 + 1_597 + 83ins) leading to the creation of a premature termination codon (p.Gly200ValfsTer40). Confocal microscopy revealed heightened expression of myeloperoxidase and neutrophil elastase in the patient, suggesting a potential role for the unfolded protein response in the pathogenesis of the deep intron ELANE mutation. In summary, our findings illustrate the first reported instance of de novo deep intron ELANE mutations associated with SCN, underscoring the importance of exploring deep intronic regions in SCN patients lacking identifiable disease-causing gene mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Shu
- Department of Immunology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Mengyue Deng
- Department of Immunology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Tongxin Han
- Department of Immunology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Huawei Mao
- Department of Immunology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, No. 56 Nanlishi Road, Beijing, 100045, China.
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2
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Dobrewa W, Bielska M, Bąbol-Pokora K, Janczar S, Młynarski W. Congenital neutropenia: From lab bench to clinic bedside and back. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2024; 793:108476. [PMID: 37989463 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2023.108476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Neutropenia is a hematological condition characterized by a decrease in absolute neutrophil count (ANC) in peripheral blood, typically classified in adults as mild (1-1.5 × 109/L), moderate (0.5-1 × 109/L), or severe (< 0.5 × 109/L). It can be categorized into two types: congenital and acquired. Congenital severe chronic neutropenia (SCN) arises from mutations in various genes, with different inheritance patterns, including autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, and X-linked forms, often linked to mitochondrial diseases. The most common genetic cause is alterations in the ELANE gene. Some cases exist as non-syndromic neutropenia within the SCN spectrum, where genetic origins remain unidentified. The clinical consequences of congenital neutropenia depend on granulocyte levels and dysfunction. Infants with this condition often experience recurrent bacterial infections, with approximately half facing severe infections within their first six months of life. These infections commonly affect the respiratory system, digestive tract, and skin, resulting in symptoms like fever, abscesses, and even sepsis. The severity of these symptoms varies, and the specific organs and systems affected depend on the genetic defect. Congenital neutropenia elevates the risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), particularly with certain genetic variants. SCN patients may acquire CSF3R and RUNX1 mutations, which can predict the development of leukemia. It is important to note that high-dose granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment may have the potential to promote leukemogenesis. Treatment for neutropenia involves antibiotics, drugs that boost neutrophil production, or bone marrow transplants. Immediate treatment is essential due to the heightened risk of severe infections. In severe congenital or cyclic neutropenia (CyN), the primary therapy is G-CSF, often combined with antibiotics. The G-CSF dosage is gradually increased to normalize neutrophil counts. Hematopoietic stem cell transplants are considered for non-responders or those at risk of AML/MDS. In cases of WHIM syndrome, CXCR4 inhibitors can be effective. Future treatments may involve gene editing and the use of the diabetes drug empagliflozin to alleviate neutropenia symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Dobrewa
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 36\50 Sporna Str, 91-738 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Marta Bielska
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 36\50 Sporna Str, 91-738 Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Bąbol-Pokora
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 36\50 Sporna Str, 91-738 Lodz, Poland
| | - Szymon Janczar
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 36\50 Sporna Str, 91-738 Lodz, Poland
| | - Wojciech Młynarski
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 36\50 Sporna Str, 91-738 Lodz, Poland.
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3
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Wang C, Liu J, Li W. 'Off the shelf' immunotherapies: Generation and application of pluripotent stem cell-derived immune cells. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13425. [PMID: 36855955 PMCID: PMC10068955 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, great strides have been made toward the development of immune cell-based therapies in the treatment of refractory malignancies. Primary T cells and NK cells armed with chimeric antigen receptors have achieved tremendous clinical success especially in patients with leukaemia and lymphoma. However, the autologous origin of these effector cells means that a single batch of laboriously engineered cells treats only a certain patient, leading to high cost, ununiform product quality, and risk of delay in treatment, and therefore results in restricted accessibility of these therapies to the overwhelming majority of the patients. Addressing these tricky obstacles calls for the development of universal immune cell products that can be provided 'off the shelf' in a large amount. Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), owing to their unique capacity of self-renewal and the potential of multi-lineage differentiation, offer an unlimited cell source to generate uniform and scalable engineered immune cells. This review discusses the major advances in the development of PSC-derived immune cell differentiation approaches and their therapeutic potential in treating both hematologic malignancies and solid tumours. We also consider the potency of PSC-derived immune cells as an alternative therapeutic strategy for other diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, fibrosis, infections, et al.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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4
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Touw IP. Congenital neutropenia: disease models guiding new treatment strategies. Curr Opin Hematol 2022; 29:27-33. [PMID: 34854832 PMCID: PMC8654271 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Myeloid diseases are often characterized by a disturbed regulation of myeloid cell proliferation, survival, and maturation. This may either result in a severe paucity of functional neutrophils (neutropenia), an excess production of mature cells (myeloproliferative disorders) or in clonal expansions of dysplastic or immature myeloid cells (myelodysplasia and acute myeloid leukemia). Although these conditions can be regarded as separate entities, caused by the accumulation of distinct sets of somatic gene mutations, it becomes increasingly clear that they may also evolve as the prime consequence of a congenital defect resulting in severe neutropenia. Prominent examples of such conditions include the genetically heterogeneous forms of severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) and Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome. CSF3 treatment is a successful therapy to alleviate neutropenia in the majority of these patients but does not cure the disease nor does it prevent malignant transformation. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is currently the only therapeutic option to cure SCN, but is relatively cumbersome, e.g., hampered by treatment-related mortality and donor availability. Hence, there is a need for new therapeutic approaches. RECENT FINDINGS Developments in disease modeling, amongst others based on induced pluripotent stem cell and CRISPR/Cas9 based gene-editing technologies, have created new insights in disease biology and possibilities for treatment. In addition, they are fueling expectations for advanced disease monitoring to prevent malignant transformation. SUMMARY This review highlights the recent progress made in SCN disease modeling and discusses the challenges that are still ahead of us to gain a better understanding of the biological heterogeneity of the disease and its consequences for patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo P Touw
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Hu M, Lu Y, Wang S, Zhang Z, Qi Y, Chen N, Shen M, Chen F, Chen M, Yang L, Chen S, Zeng D, Wang F, Su Y, Xu Y, Wang J. CD63 acts as a functional marker in maintaining hematopoietic stem cell quiescence through supporting TGFβ signaling in mice. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:178-191. [PMID: 34363017 PMCID: PMC8738745 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00848-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) fate is tightly controlled by various regulators, whereas the underlying mechanism has not been fully uncovered due to the high heterogeneity of these populations. In this study, we identify tetraspanin CD63 as a novel functional marker of HSCs in mice. We show that CD63 is unevenly expressed on the cell surface in HSC populations. Importantly, HSCs with high CD63 expression (CD63hi) are more quiescent and have more robust self-renewal and myeloid differentiation abilities than those with negative/low CD63 expression (CD63-/lo). On the other hand, using CD63 knockout mice, we find that loss of CD63 leads to reduced HSC numbers in the bone marrow. In addition, CD63-deficient HSCs exhibit impaired quiescence and long-term repopulating capacity, accompanied by increased sensitivity to irradiation and 5-fluorouracil treatment. Further investigations demonstrate that CD63 is required to sustain TGFβ signaling activity through its interaction with TGFβ receptors I and II, thereby playing an important role in regulating the quiescence of HSCs. Collectively, our data not only reveal a previously unrecognized role of CD63 but also provide us with new insights into HSC heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjia Hu
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yukai Lu
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Song Wang
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Qi
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Naicheng Chen
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingqiang Shen
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Chen
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mo Chen
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lijing Yang
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shilei Chen
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongfeng Zeng
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Department of Hematology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fengchao Wang
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongping Su
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Xu
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junping Wang
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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6
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Current Understanding of the Neutrophil Transcriptome in Health and Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092406. [PMID: 34572056 PMCID: PMC8469435 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are key cells of the innate immune system. It is now understood that this leukocyte population is diverse in both the basal composition and functional plasticity. Underlying this plasticity is a post-translational framework for rapidly achieving early activation states, but also a transcriptional capacity that is becoming increasingly recognized by immunologists. Growing interest in the contribution of neutrophils to health and disease has resulted in more efforts to describe their transcriptional activity. Whilst initial efforts focused predominantly on understanding the existing biology, investigations with advanced methods such as single cell RNA sequencing to understand interactions of the entire immune system are revealing higher flexibility in neutrophil transcription than previously thought possible and multiple transition states. It is now apparent that neutrophils utilise many forms of RNA in the regulation of their function. This review collates current knowledge on the nuclei structure and gene expression activity of human neutrophils across homeostasis and disease, before highlighting knowledge gaps that are research priority areas.
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Gong Y, Yang J, Li X, Zhou C, Chen Y, Wang Z, Qiu X, Liu Y, Zhang H, Greenbaum J, Cheng L, Hu Y, Xie J, Yang X, Li Y, Bai Y, Wang YP, Chen Y, Tan LJ, Shen H, Xiao HM, Deng HW. A systematic dissection of human primary osteoblasts in vivo at single-cell resolution. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:20629-20650. [PMID: 34428745 PMCID: PMC8436943 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human osteoblasts are multifunctional bone cells, which play essential roles in bone formation, angiogenesis regulation, as well as maintenance of hematopoiesis. However, the categorization of primary osteoblast subtypes in vivo in humans has not yet been achieved. Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to perform a systematic cellular taxonomy dissection of freshly isolated human osteoblasts from one 31-year-old male with osteoarthritis and osteopenia after hip replacement. Based on the gene expression patterns and cell lineage reconstruction, we identified three distinct cell clusters including preosteoblasts, mature osteoblasts, and an undetermined rare osteoblast subpopulation. This novel subtype was found to be the major source of the nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 and 2 (NR4A1 and NR4A2) in primary osteoblasts, and the expression of NR4A1 was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining on mouse osteoblasts in vivo. Trajectory inference analysis suggested that the undetermined cluster, together with the preosteoblasts, are involved in the regulation of osteoblastogenesis and also give rise to mature osteoblasts. Investigation of the biological processes and signaling pathways enriched in each subpopulation revealed that in addition to bone formation, preosteoblasts and undetermined osteoblasts may also regulate both angiogenesis and hemopoiesis. Finally, we demonstrated that there are systematic differences between the transcriptional profiles of human and mouse osteoblasts, highlighting the necessity for studying bone physiological processes in humans rather than solely relying on mouse models. Our findings provide novel insights into the cellular heterogeneity and potential biological functions of human primary osteoblasts at the single-cell level.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Animals
- Cell Differentiation
- Cells, Cultured
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/metabolism
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2/metabolism
- Osteoblasts/cytology
- Osteoblasts/metabolism
- Sequence Analysis, RNA
- Single-Cell Analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Gong
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Junxiao Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Cui Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Zun Wang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xiang Qiu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Huixi Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Jonathan Greenbaum
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yihe Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Jie Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xuecheng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yuntong Bai
- Tulane Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Yu-Ping Wang
- Tulane Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Yiping Chen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Li-Jun Tan
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Hong-Mei Xiao
- Center of Reproductive Health, System Biology and Data Information, Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410081, China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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8
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Horwitz MS. Neutrophil elastase: Nonsense lost in translation. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:790-792. [PMID: 33961760 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Daniel Bauer and colleagues investigate the pathogenesis of ELANE-associated severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) and describe two potentially universal gene correction strategies for autosomal dominant disorders (Rao et al., 2021). One exploits nonsense-mediated decay to prevent translation of the mutant allele. The other unexpectedly blocks translation by shortening the 3'-UTR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marshall S Horwitz
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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9
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Rao S, Yao Y, Soares de Brito J, Yao Q, Shen AH, Watkinson RE, Kennedy AL, Coyne S, Ren C, Zeng J, Serbin AV, Studer S, Ballotti K, Harris CE, Luk K, Stevens CS, Armant M, Pinello L, Wolfe SA, Chiarle R, Shimamura A, Lee B, Newburger PE, Bauer DE. Dissecting ELANE neutropenia pathogenicity by human HSC gene editing. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:833-845.e5. [PMID: 33513358 PMCID: PMC8106646 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) is a life-threatening disorder most often caused by dominant mutations of ELANE that interfere with neutrophil maturation. We conducted a pooled CRISPR screen in human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) that correlated ELANE mutations with neutrophil maturation potential. Highly efficient gene editing of early exons elicited nonsense-mediated decay (NMD), overcame neutrophil maturation arrest in HSPCs from ELANE-mutant SCN patients, and produced normal hematopoietic engraftment function. Conversely, terminal exon frameshift alleles that mimic SCN-associated mutations escaped NMD, recapitulated neutrophil maturation arrest, and established an animal model of ELANE-mutant SCN. Surprisingly, only -1 frame insertions or deletions (indels) impeded neutrophil maturation, whereas -2 frame late exon indels repressed translation and supported neutrophil maturation. Gene editing of primary HSPCs allowed faithful identification of variant pathogenicity to clarify molecular mechanisms of disease and encourage a universal therapeutic approach to ELANE-mutant neutropenia, returning normal neutrophil production and preserving HSPC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuquan Rao
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Broad Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yao Yao
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Broad Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Josias Soares de Brito
- Departments of Pediatrics and of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Qiuming Yao
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Broad Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Molecular Pathology Unit, Center for Cancer Research, and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Anne H Shen
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Broad Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ruth E Watkinson
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Alyssa L Kennedy
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Broad Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Steven Coyne
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Broad Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chunyan Ren
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Broad Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jing Zeng
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Broad Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anna Victoria Serbin
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Broad Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard College, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Sabine Studer
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Broad Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Ballotti
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Broad Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chad E Harris
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Broad Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kevin Luk
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Christian S Stevens
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Myriam Armant
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Luca Pinello
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Center for Cancer Research, and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Scot A Wolfe
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Roberto Chiarle
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Akiko Shimamura
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Broad Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Benhur Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Peter E Newburger
- Departments of Pediatrics and of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Daniel E Bauer
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Broad Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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10
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Rydzynska Z, Pawlik B, Krzyzanowski D, Mlynarski W, Madzio J. Neutrophil Elastase Defects in Congenital Neutropenia. Front Immunol 2021; 12:653932. [PMID: 33968054 PMCID: PMC8100030 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.653932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) is a rare hematological condition with heterogenous genetic background. Neutrophil elastase (NE) encoded by ELANE gene is mutated in over half of the SCN cases. The role of NE defects in myelocytes maturation arrest in bone marrow is widely investigated; however, the mechanism underlying this phenomenon has still remained unclear. In this review, we sum up the studies exploring mechanisms of neutrophil deficiency, biological role of NE in neutrophil and the effects of ELANE mutation and neutropenia pathogenesis. We also explain the hypotheses presented so far and summarize options of neutropenia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Rydzynska
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Bartlomiej Pawlik
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.,Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Damian Krzyzanowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.,Laboratory of Epigenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland
| | - Wojciech Mlynarski
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Madzio
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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11
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Atkinson SP. A preview of selected articles. Stem Cells 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.3364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Mehta HM, Corey SJ. Getting Back to Normal: Correcting SCN by Universal or Precision Strikes. Mol Ther 2020; 28:2525-2526. [PMID: 33176167 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hrishikesh M Mehta
- Department of Pediatrics and Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Seth J Corey
- Department of Pediatrics and Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
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13
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Sapra A, Jaksik R, Mehta H, Biesiadny S, Kimmel M, Corey SJ. Effect of the unfolded protein response and oxidative stress on mutagenesis in CSF3R: a model for evolution of severe congenital neutropenia to myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia. Mutagenesis 2020; 35:381-389. [PMID: 33511998 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geaa027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) is a rare blood disorder characterised by abnormally low levels of circulating neutrophils. The most common recurrent mutations that cause SCN involve neutrophil elastase (ELANE). The treatment of choice for SCN is the administration of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), which increases the neutrophil number and improves the survival and quality of life. Long-term survival is however linked to the development of myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia (MDS/AML). About 70% of MDS/AML patients acquire nonsense mutations affecting the cytoplasmic domain of CSF3R (the G-CSF receptor). About 70% of SCN patients with AML harbour additional mutations in RUNX1. We hypothesised that this coding region of CSF3R constitutes a hotspot vulnerable to mutations resulting from excessive oxidative stress or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We used the murine Ba/F3 cell line to measure the effect of induced oxidative or ER stress on the mutation rate in our hypothesised hotspot of the exogenous human CSF3R, the corresponding region in the endogenous Csf3r, and Runx1. Ba/F3 cells transduced with the cDNA for partial C-terminal of CSF3R fused in-frame with a green fluorescent protein (GFP) tag were subjected to stress-inducing treatment for 30 days (~51 doubling times). The amplicon-based targeted deep sequencing data for days 15 and 30 samples show that although there was increased mutagenesis observed in all the three genes of interest (partial CSF3R, Csf3r and Runx1), there were more mutations in the GFP region compared with the partial CSF3R region. Our findings also indicate that there is no correlation between the stress-inducing chemical treatments and mutagenesis in Ba/F3 cells. Our data suggest that oxidative or ER stress induction does not promote genomic instability, affecting partial C-terminal of the transduced CSF3R, the endogenous Csf3R and the endogenous Runx1 in Ba/F3 cells that could account for these targets to being mutational hotspots. We conclude that other mechanisms to acquire mutations of CSF3R that help drive the evolution of SCN to MDS/AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adya Sapra
- Department of Pediatrics, Cancer Biology, and Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Roman Jaksik
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Hrishikesh Mehta
- Department of Pediatrics, Cancer Biology, and Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sara Biesiadny
- Department of Statistics, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marek Kimmel
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland.,Department of Statistics, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Seth J Corey
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
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14
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Burgener SS, Leborgne NGF, Snipas SJ, Salvesen GS, Bird PI, Benarafa C. Cathepsin G Inhibition by Serpinb1 and Serpinb6 Prevents Programmed Necrosis in Neutrophils and Monocytes and Reduces GSDMD-Driven Inflammation. Cell Rep 2020; 27:3646-3656.e5. [PMID: 31216481 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil granule serine proteases contribute to immune responses through cleavage of microbial toxins and structural proteins. They induce tissue damage and modulate inflammation if levels exceed their inhibitors. Here, we show that the intracellular protease inhibitors Serpinb1a and Serpinb6a contribute to monocyte and neutrophil survival in steady-state and inflammatory settings by inhibiting cathepsin G (CatG). Importantly, we found that CatG efficiently cleaved gasdermin D (GSDMD) to generate the signature N-terminal domain GSDMD-p30 known to induce pyroptosis. Yet GSDMD deletion did not rescue neutrophil survival in Sb1a.Sb6a-/- mice. Furthermore, Sb1a.Sb6a-/- mice released high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines upon endotoxin challenge in vivo in a CatG-dependent manner. Canonical inflammasome activation in Sb1a.Sb6a-/- macrophages showed increased IL-1β release that was dependent on CatG and GSDMD. Together, our findings demonstrate that cytosolic serpins expressed in myeloid cells prevent cell death and regulate inflammatory responses by inhibiting CatG and alternative activation of GSDMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Sofia Burgener
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, 3147 Mittelhäusern, Switzerland; Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nathan Georges François Leborgne
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, 3147 Mittelhäusern, Switzerland; Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Scott J Snipas
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Guy S Salvesen
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Phillip Ian Bird
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Charaf Benarafa
- Institute of Virology and Immunology, 3147 Mittelhäusern, Switzerland; Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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15
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Kwok I, Becht E, Xia Y, Ng M, Teh YC, Tan L, Evrard M, Li JLY, Tran HTN, Tan Y, Liu D, Mishra A, Liong KH, Leong K, Zhang Y, Olsson A, Mantri CK, Shyamsunder P, Liu Z, Piot C, Dutertre CA, Cheng H, Bari S, Ang N, Biswas SK, Koeffler HP, Tey HL, Larbi A, Su IH, Lee B, St John A, Chan JKY, Hwang WYK, Chen J, Salomonis N, Chong SZ, Grimes HL, Liu B, Hidalgo A, Newell EW, Cheng T, Ginhoux F, Ng LG. Combinatorial Single-Cell Analyses of Granulocyte-Monocyte Progenitor Heterogeneity Reveals an Early Uni-potent Neutrophil Progenitor. Immunity 2020; 53:303-318.e5. [PMID: 32579887 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Granulocyte-monocyte progenitors (GMPs) have been previously defined for their potential to generate various myeloid progenies such as neutrophils and monocytes. Although studies have proposed lineage heterogeneity within GMPs, it is unclear if committed progenitors already exist among these progenitors and how they may behave differently during inflammation. By combining single-cell transcriptomic and proteomic analyses, we identified the early committed progenitor within the GMPs responsible for the strict production of neutrophils, which we designate as proNeu1. Our dissection of the GMP hierarchy led us to further identify a previously unknown intermediate proNeu2 population. Similar populations could be detected in human samples. proNeu1s, but not proNeu2s, selectively expanded during the early phase of sepsis at the expense of monocytes. Collectively, our findings help shape the neutrophil maturation trajectory roadmap and challenge the current definition of GMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immanuel Kwok
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
| | - Etienne Becht
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Yu Xia
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore; Zhiyuan College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Melissa Ng
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Ye Chean Teh
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Leonard Tan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Maximilien Evrard
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Jackson L Y Li
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Hoa T N Tran
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Yingrou Tan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore; National Skin Centre, 1 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308205, Singapore
| | - Dehua Liu
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Archita Mishra
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Ka Hang Liong
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Keith Leong
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Yuning Zhang
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Andre Olsson
- Division of Immunobiology and Center for Systems Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Chinmay Kumar Mantri
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Pavithra Shyamsunder
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; Cancer & Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Zhaoyuan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Cecile Piot
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Charles-Antoine Dutertre
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Hui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, China; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Sudipto Bari
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Nicholas Ang
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Subhra K Biswas
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - H Philip Koeffler
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Hong Liang Tey
- National Skin Centre, 1 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308205, Singapore
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - I-Hsin Su
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Bernett Lee
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Ashley St John
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore; Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; SingHealth Duke-National University of Singapore Global Health Institute, Singapore 168753, Singapore
| | - Jerry K Y Chan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore; Experimental Fetal Medicine Group, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - William Y K Hwang
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore; Department of Hematology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
| | - Jinmiao Chen
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Nathan Salomonis
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Shu Zhen Chong
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - H Leighton Grimes
- Division of Immunobiology and Center for Systems Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100071, China; State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China; Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Area of Cell & Developmental Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Evan W Newell
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, China; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore; Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Lai Guan Ng
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A∗STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, Singapore 138648, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117545, Singapore; State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China; National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore.
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16
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Mir P, Klimiankou M, Findik B, Hähnel K, Mellor-Heineke S, Zeidler C, Skokowa J, Welte K. New insights into the pathomechanism of cyclic neutropenia. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020; 1466:83-92. [PMID: 32083314 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic neutropenia (CyN) is a hematologic disorder in which peripheral blood absolute neutrophil counts (ANCs) show cycles of approximately 21-day intervals. The majority of CyN patients harbor ELANE mutations, but the mechanism of ANC cycling is unclear. We performed analysis of bone marrow (BM) subpopulations in CyN patients at the peak and the nadir of the ANC cycle and detected high proportions of BM hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) at the nadir of the ANC cycle, as compared with the peak. BM HSPCs produced fewer granulocyte colony-forming unit colonies at the ANC peak. To investigate the mechanism of cycling, we found that mRNA expression levels of ELANE and unfolded protein response (UPR)-related genes (ATF6, BiP (HSPA5), CHOP (DDIT3), and PERK (EIF2AK3)) were elevated, but antiapoptotic genes (Bcl-2 (BCL2) and bcl-xL (BCL2L1)) were reduced in CD34+ cells tested at the ANC nadir. Moreover, HSPCs revealed increased levels of reactive oxygen species and gH2AX at the ANC nadir. We suggest that in CyN patients, some HSPCs escape the UPR-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and proliferate in response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) to a certain threshold at which UPR again affects the majority of HSPCs. There is a cyclic balance between ER stress-induced apoptosis of HSPCs and compensatory G-CSF-stimulated HSPC proliferation followed by granulocytic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perihan Mir
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Pulmonology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Maksim Klimiankou
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Pulmonology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Betuel Findik
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Pulmonology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karin Hähnel
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Pulmonology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sabine Mellor-Heineke
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Cornelia Zeidler
- Department of Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Skokowa
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Pulmonology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karl Welte
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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17
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Jia Y, Yue C, Bradford K, Qing X, Panosyan EH, Gotesman M. Novel ELANE Gene Mutation in a Newborn with Severe Congenital Neutropenia: Case Report and Literature Review. J Pediatr Genet 2019; 9:203-206. [PMID: 32714623 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3399523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Severe neutropenia is defined as an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of less than 0.5 × 10 9 /L. Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) is an inborn disorder with maturation arrest of granulocytes due to various genetic abnormalities, which may lead to immunodeficiency. Among several associated genetic mutations, the variants or heterozygous mutations of the ELANE gene coding neutrophil elastase comprise approximately 50% of the genetic causes of SCN. We present a newborn (male) with severe neutropenia due to a novel ELANE gene mutation. The newborn was born at 38 6/7 weeks gestation to a 25-year-old mother with hypertension and morbid obesity. Pregnancy and delivery were uncomplicated but the baby obtained a complete blood count (CBC) on day of life 2 for a work up of hyperbilirubinemia. He was noted to initially have an ANC of 0.2 × 10 9 /L and 0 on subsequent blood counts. A bone marrow biopsy showed a left shift and consistent with myeloid maturation arrest. In direct DNA sequencing analysis, we found an ELANE gene mutation (Val119Glu, V119E), which may be a new gene mutation to cause SCN. The diagnosis of SCN in newborns is usually based on neutropenia identified on a routine CBC. Sufficient awareness and high suspicion of this rare disease can prevent missed or delayed diagnosis of SCN. Our analysis also suggests a new pathological mutation in the ELANE gene and supports the important role of molecular testing in SCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Jia
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States
| | - Changjun Yue
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States
| | - Kathryn Bradford
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Mattel Children's Hospital, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Xin Qing
- Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States
| | - Eduard H Panosyan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States
| | - Moran Gotesman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, United States
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18
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Nasri M, Ritter M, Mir P, Dannenmann B, Aghaallaei N, Amend D, Makaryan V, Xu Y, Fletcher B, Bernhard R, Steiert I, Hahnel K, Berger J, Koch I, Sailer B, Hipp K, Zeidler C, Klimiankou M, Bajoghli B, Dale DC, Welte K, Skokowa J. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated ELANE knockout enables neutrophilic maturation of primary hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and induced pluripotent stem cells of severe congenital neutropenia patients. Haematologica 2019; 105:598-609. [PMID: 31248972 PMCID: PMC7049355 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.221804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A Autosomal-dominant ELANE mutations are the most common cause of severe congenital neutropenia. Although the majority of congenital neutropenia patients respond to daily granulocyte colony stimulating factor, approximately 15 % do not respond to this cytokine at doses up to 50 μg/kg/day and approximately 15 % of patients will develop myelodysplasia or acute myeloid leukemia. “Maturation arrest,” the failure of the marrow myeloid progenitors to form mature neutrophils, is a consistent feature of ELANE associated congenital neutropenia. As mutant neutrophil elastase is the cause of this abnormality, we hypothesized that ELANE associated neutropenia could be treated and “maturation arrest” corrected by a CRISPR/Cas9-sgRNA ribonucleoprotein mediated ELANE knockout. To examine this hypothesis, we used induced pluripotent stem cells from two congenital neutropenia patients and primary hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from four congenital neutropenia patients harboring ELANE mutations as well as HL60 cells expressing mutant ELANE. We observed that granulocytic differentiation of ELANE knockout induced pluripotent stem cells and primary hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells were comparable to healthy individuals. Phagocytic functions, ROS production, and chemotaxis of the ELANE KO (knockout) neutrophils were also normal. Knockdown of ELANE in the mutant ELANE expressing HL60 cells also allowed full maturation and formation of abundant neutrophils. These observations suggest that ex vivo CRISPR/Cas9 RNP based ELANE knockout of patients’ primary hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells followed by autologous transplantation may be an alternative therapy for congenital neutropenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Nasri
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Malte Ritter
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Perihan Mir
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Dannenmann
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Narges Aghaallaei
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Diana Amend
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Vahagn Makaryan
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Breanna Fletcher
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Regine Bernhard
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ingeborg Steiert
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karin Hahnel
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Berger
- Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Iris Koch
- Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Brigitte Sailer
- Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Hipp
- Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cornelia Zeidler
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maksim Klimiankou
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Baubak Bajoghli
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - David C Dale
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Karl Welte
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia Skokowa
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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19
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Duplomb L, Rivière J, Jego G, Da Costa R, Hammann A, Racine J, Schmitt A, Droin N, Capron C, Gougerot-Pocidalo MA, Dubrez L, Aral B, Lafon A, Edery P, Ghoumid J, Blair E, El Chehadeh-Djebbar S, Carmignac V, Thevenon J, Guy J, Girodon F, Bastie JN, Delva L, Faivre L, Thauvin-Robinet C, Solary E. Serpin B1 defect and increased apoptosis of neutrophils in Cohen syndrome neutropenia. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:633-645. [PMID: 30843084 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01754-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cohen syndrome (CS) is a rare genetic disorder due to mutations in VPS13B gene. Among various clinical and biological features, CS patients suffer from inconsistent neutropenia, which is associated with recurrent but minor infections. We demonstrate here that this neutropenia results from an exaggerate rate of neutrophil apoptosis. Besides this increased cell death, which occurs in the absence of any endoplasmic reticulum stress or defect in neutrophil elastase (ELANE) expression or localization, all neutrophil functions appeared to be normal. We showed a disorganization of the Golgi apparatus in CS neutrophils precursors, that correlates with an altered glycosylation of ICAM-1 in these cells, as evidenced by a migration shift of the protein. Furthermore, a striking decrease in the expression of SERPINB1 gene, which encodes a critical component of neutrophil survival, was detected in CS neutrophils. These abnormalities may account for the excessive apoptosis of neutrophils leading to neutropenia in CS. KEY MESSAGES: Cohen syndrome patients' neutrophils display normal morphology and functions. Cohen syndrome patients' neutrophils have an increased rate of spontaneous apoptosis compared to healthy donors' neutrophils. No ER stress or defective ELA2 expression or glycosylation was observed in Cohen syndrome patients' neutrophils. SerpinB1 expression is significantly decreased in Cohen syndrome neutrophils as well as in VPS13B-deficient cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Duplomb
- Inserm UMR1231, Team Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, 15 bd Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 21089, F-21000, Dijon, France.
| | - Julie Rivière
- Inserm UMR1170, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, F-94800, Villejuif, France
| | - Gaëtan Jego
- Inserm UMR1231, Team Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, 15 bd Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 21089, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Romain Da Costa
- Inserm UMR1231, Team Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, 15 bd Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 21089, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Arlette Hammann
- Inserm UMR1231, Team Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, 15 bd Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 21089, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Jessica Racine
- Laboratoire d'hématologie, CHU Dijon, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Alain Schmitt
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75679, Paris, France.,Cnrs, UMR8104, F-75674, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, F-75000, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Droin
- Inserm UMR1170, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, F-94800, Villejuif, France
| | - Claude Capron
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, F-75679, Paris, France.,Cnrs, UMR8104, F-75674, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, F-75000, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Anne Gougerot-Pocidalo
- Inserm U1149-Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Université Paris Diderot, F-75890, Paris, France.,Unité Dysfonctionnement Immunitaire, CHU Xavier Bichat, F-75877, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Dubrez
- Inserm UMR1231, Team Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, 15 bd Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 21089, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Bernard Aral
- Inserm UMR1231, Team Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, 15 bd Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 21089, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Arnaud Lafon
- Laboratoire d'odontologie, CHU Dijon, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Patrick Edery
- Service de génétique clinique, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, CHU Lyon, HCL, F-69000, Lyon, France
| | - Jamal Ghoumid
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs Nord, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandres, CHRU Lille, F-59037, Lille, France
| | - Edward Blair
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oxford Regional Genetics Service, The Churchill Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | | | - Virginie Carmignac
- Inserm UMR1231, Team Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, 15 bd Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 21089, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Julien Thevenon
- Inserm UMR1231, Team Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, 15 bd Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 21089, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Julien Guy
- Laboratoire d'hématologie, CHU Dijon, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | | | - Jean-Noël Bastie
- Inserm UMR1231, Team Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, 15 bd Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 21089, F-21000, Dijon, France.,Laboratoire d'hématologie, CHU Dijon, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Laurent Delva
- Inserm UMR1231, Team Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, 15 bd Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 21089, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Inserm UMR1231, Team Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, 15 bd Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 21089, F-21000, Dijon, France.,FHU TRANSLAD, Département de Génétique, CHU Dijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France.,Centre de référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU Dijon, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Christel Thauvin-Robinet
- Inserm UMR1231, Team Génétique des Anomalies du Développement, Université de Bourgogne Franche Comté, 15 bd Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 21089, F-21000, Dijon, France.,FHU TRANSLAD, Département de Génétique, CHU Dijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France.,Centre de référence Déficience Intellectuelle, Hôpital d'Enfants, CHU Dijon, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Eric Solary
- Inserm UMR1170, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, F-94800, Villejuif, France
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20
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Trump LR, Nayak RC, Singh AK, Emberesh S, Wellendorf AM, Lutzko CM, Cancelas JA. Neutrophils Derived from Genetically Modified Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Circulate and Phagocytose Bacteria In Vivo. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:557-567. [PMID: 30793529 PMCID: PMC6525559 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial and fungal infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neutropenic patients. Donor‐derived neutrophil transfusions have been used for prophylaxis or treatment for infection in neutropenic patients. However, the short half‐life and the limited availability of large numbers of donor‐derived neutrophils for transfusion remain a significant hurdle in the implementation of neutrophil transfusion therapy. Here, we investigate the in vitro and in vivo activity of neutrophils generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), a potentially unlimited resource to produce neutrophils for transfusion. Phenotypic analysis of iPSC‐derived neutrophils reveal reactive oxygen species production at similar or slightly higher than normal peripheral blood neutrophils, but have an ∼50%–70% reduced Escherichia coli phagocytosis and phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate induced formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET). Signaling of granulocytic precursors identified impaired AKT activation, but not ERK or STAT3, in agonist‐stimulated iPSC‐derived neutrophils. Expression of a constitutively activated AKT in iPSC‐derived neutrophils restores most phagocytic activity and NET formation. In a model of bacterial induced peritonitis in immunodeficient mice, iPSC‐derived neutrophils, with or without corrected AKT activation, migrate similarly to the peritoneal fluid as peripheral blood neutrophils, whereas the expression of activated AKT significantly improves their phagocytic activity in vivo. stem cells translational medicine2019;8:557–567
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa R Trump
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Ramesh C Nayak
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Abhishek K Singh
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Sana Emberesh
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Ashley M Wellendorf
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Carolyn M Lutzko
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jose A Cancelas
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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21
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Shigemura T, Kobayashi N, Agematsu K, Ohara O, Nakazawa Y. Mosaicism of an ELANE Mutation in an Asymptomatic Mother. J Clin Immunol 2019; 39:106-111. [PMID: 30635825 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-018-0580-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We report normal neutrophil count in a mother, who carries the same ELANE mutation as her daughter with severe congenital neutropenia. We hypothesized that the mother possessed wild- and mutant-type clones and the wild-type clones could generate neutrophils, whereas the mutant clones could not. METHODS We confirmed mutant variant ratio by sequence signals and measured the frequency of the mutant allele by subcloning in various cell types. We established the ELANE-mutated and non-mutated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from the mother's T cells and compared granulopoiesis between these iPSCs. RESULTS In the sequence analysis of isolated peripheral blood (PB), nail and hair, the mutant variant was detected in approximately 40-60% of lymphocytes, monocytes, hematopoietic progenitor cells, and hair as well as in a small percentage of nail, but in none of the neutrophils. In the subcloning analysis of extracted DNA from CD3+ and CD34+ cells, the mutant allele was identified in 37.5% and 38.1%, respectively. We reprogrammed the mother's PB cells and established the ELANE-mutated and non-mutated iPSCs. Granulopoiesis from mutated iPSCs revealed little sensitivity to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in comparison with non-mutated iPSCs. CONCLUSIONS These observations strongly suggest that mutant-carrying neutrophils did not appear in the mother's PB because mutated clones could not differentiate into neutrophils. The mother's normal hematological phenotype could be explained by the perseverance of normal, non-mutated granulopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonari Shigemura
- Department of Pediatrics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Norimoto Kobayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Kazunaga Agematsu
- Department of Infection and Host Defense, Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Ohara
- Department of Technology Development, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yozo Nakazawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan.
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22
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Arun AK, Senthamizhselvi A, Hemamalini S, Edison ES, Korula A, Fouzia NA, George B, Mathews V, Balasubramanian P. Spectrum of ELANE mutations in congenital neutropenia: a single-centre study in patients of Indian origin. J Clin Pathol 2018; 71:1046-1050. [PMID: 30171085 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2018-205235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Congenital and cyclical neutropenia are rare inherited diseases that result in recurrent life-threatening bacterial infections due to a deficiency of mature neutrophils. Cyclical neutropenia is usually caused by heterozygous ELANE mutations while congenital neutropenia is genetically heterogeneous with mutations in genes like ELANE, HAX-1, G6PC3 and GFI1. The presence of ELANE mutation aids in the establishment of diagnosis and rules out other secondary causes of neutropenia such as autoimmune cytopenia and evolving aplasia. Further, patients with ELANE mutations are also at a high risk of developing myelodysplasia or acute myeloid leukaemia. Hence it is important to screen for these mutations in patients presenting with neutropenia early in life. METHODS The study included 52 patients who were evaluated for inherited neutropenia. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leucocytes and mutation analysis was done by bidirectional Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Ten different missense, frameshift or splice site variants in ELANE gene were identified in 11 patients: c.125C>T (p.Pro42Leu), c.164G>A (p.Cys55Tyr), c.169G>A (p.Ala57Thr), c.179T>C (p.Ile60Thr), c.770C>T (p.Pro257Leu), c.367-8C>A, c.597+1G>A along with three novel mutations c.302T>A (p.Val101Glu), c.468G>T (p.Try156Cys) and c.596delT (Phe199Ser fs*13). Family studies were available for three patients and, in all three instances, the mutation had a de novo origin. CONCLUSION The widespread distribution of mutations suggests the need to screen all the exons in ELANE gene for proper characterisation of the genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kumar Arun
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Suresh Hemamalini
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Eunice S Edison
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anu Korula
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N A Fouzia
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Biju George
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vikram Mathews
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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23
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Hashem H, Abu-Arja R, Auletta JJ, Rangarajan HG, Varga E, Rose MJ, Bajwa RPS. Successful second hematopoietic cell transplantation in severe congenital neutropenia. Pediatr Transplant 2018; 22. [PMID: 29076228 DOI: 10.1111/petr.13078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Allogeneic HCT is curative for SCN; however, a standard conditioning regimen or intensity has not been established. We describe a patient with SCN associated with c.1A>G (M1V) mutation in ELANE gene resulting in refractoriness to G-CSF, who received reduced-intensity HCT and developed secondary graft failure requiring a second myeloablative HCT. This case suggests that M1V mutation confers a poor G-CSF response and HCT using the best available donor is beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hashem
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - R Abu-Arja
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - J J Auletta
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - H G Rangarajan
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - E Varga
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - M J Rose
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - R P S Bajwa
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
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24
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Loke I, Østergaard O, Heegaard NHH, Packer NH, Thaysen-Andersen M. Paucimannose-Rich N-glycosylation of Spatiotemporally Regulated Human Neutrophil Elastase Modulates Its Immune Functions. Mol Cell Proteomics 2017; 16:1507-1527. [PMID: 28630087 PMCID: PMC5546201 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.066746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human neutrophil elastase (HNE) is an important N-glycosylated serine protease in the innate immune system, but the structure and immune-modulating functions of HNE N-glycosylation remain undescribed. Herein, LC-MS/MS-based glycan, glycopeptide and glycoprotein profiling were utilized to first determine the heterogeneous N-glycosylation of HNE purified from neutrophil lysates and then from isolated neutrophil granules of healthy individuals. The spatiotemporal expression of HNE during neutrophil activation and the biological importance of its N-glycosylation were also investigated using immunoblotting, cell surface capture, native MS, receptor interaction, protease inhibition, and bacteria growth assays. Site-specific HNE glycoprofiling demonstrated that unusual paucimannosidic N-glycans, particularly Manα1,6Manβ1,4GlcNAcβ1,4(Fucα1,6)GlcNAcβ, predominantly occupied Asn124 and Asn173. The equally unusual core fucosylated monoantenna complex-type N-sialoglycans also decorated these two fully occupied sites. In contrast, the mostly unoccupied Asn88 carried nonfucosylated paucimannosidic N-glycans probably resulting from low glycosylation site solvent accessibility. Asn185 was not glycosylated. Subcellular- and site-specific glycoprofiling showed highly uniform N-glycosylation of HNE residing in distinct neutrophil compartments. Stimulation-induced cell surface mobilization demonstrated a spatiotemporal regulation, but not cell surface-specific glycosylation signatures, of HNE in activated human neutrophils. The three glycosylation sites of HNE were located distal to the active site indicating glycan functions other than interference with HNE enzyme activity. Functionally, the paucimannosidic HNE glycoforms displayed preferential binding to human mannose binding lectin compared with the HNE sialoglycoforms, suggesting a glycoform-dependent involvement of HNE in complement activation. The heavily N-glycosylated HNE protease inhibitor, α1-antitrypsin, displayed concentration-dependent complex formation and preferred glycoform-glycoform interactions with HNE. Finally, both enzymatically active HNE and isolated HNE N-glycans demonstrated low micromolar concentration-dependent growth inhibition of clinically-relevant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, suggesting some bacteriostatic activity is conferred by the HNE N-glycans. Taken together, these observations support that the unusual HNE N-glycosylation, here reported for the first time, is involved in modulating multiple immune functions central to inflammation and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Loke
- From the ‡Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Ole Østergaard
- §Department of Autoimmunology and Biomarkers, Statens Serum Institut, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels H H Heegaard
- §Department of Autoimmunology and Biomarkers, Statens Serum Institut, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolle H Packer
- From the ‡Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Morten Thaysen-Andersen
- From the ‡Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia;
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25
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Progress in Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Clinicopathologic Correlations and Immune Checkpoints. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2017; 17S:S16-S25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2017.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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26
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Abstract
Severe congenital neutropenias are a heterogeneous group of rare haematological diseases characterized by impaired maturation of neutrophil granulocytes. Patients with severe congenital neutropenia are prone to recurrent, often life-threatening infections beginning in their first months of life. The most frequent pathogenic defects are autosomal dominant mutations in ELANE, which encodes neutrophil elastase, and autosomal recessive mutations in HAX1, whose product contributes to the activation of the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) signalling pathway. The pathophysiological mechanisms of these conditions are the object of extensive research and are not fully understood. Furthermore, severe congenital neutropenias may predispose to myelodysplastic syndromes or acute myeloid leukaemia. Molecular events in the malignant progression include acquired mutations in CSF3R (encoding G-CSF receptor) and subsequently in other leukaemia-associated genes (such as RUNX1) in a majority of patients. Diagnosis is based on clinical manifestations, blood neutrophil count, bone marrow examination and genetic and immunological analyses. Daily subcutaneous G-CSF administration is the treatment of choice and leads to a substantial increase in blood neutrophil count, reduction of infections and drastic improvement of quality of life. Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the alternative treatment. Regular clinical assessments (including yearly bone marrow examinations) to monitor treatment course and detect chromosomal abnormalities (for example, monosomy 7 and trisomy 21) as well as somatic pre-leukaemic mutations are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Skokowa
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - David C Dale
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ivo P Touw
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelia Zeidler
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Karl Welte
- University Children's Hospital, Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 1, Tübingen 72076, Germany
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27
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Qiu Y, Zhang Y, Hu N, Dong F. A Truncated Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factor Receptor (G-CSFR) Inhibits Apoptosis Induced by Neutrophil Elastase G185R Mutant: IMPLICATION FOR UNDERSTANDING CSF3R GENE MUTATIONS IN SEVERE CONGENITAL NEUTROPENIA. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:3496-3505. [PMID: 28073911 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.755157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in ELANE encoding neutrophil elastase (NE) have been identified in the majority of patients with severe congenital neutropenia (SCN). The NE mutants have been shown to activate unfolded protein response and induce premature apoptosis in myeloid cells. Patients with SCN are predisposed to acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and progression from SCN to AML is accompanied by mutations in CSF3R encoding the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor (G-CSFR) in ∼80% of patients. The mutations result in the expression of C-terminally truncated G-CSFRs that promote strong cell proliferation and survival. It is unknown why the CSF3R mutations, which are rare in de novo AML, are so prevalent in SCN/AML. We show here that a G-CSFR mutant, d715, derived from an SCN patient inhibited G-CSF-induced expression of NE in a dominant negative manner. Furthermore, G-CSFR d715 suppressed unfolded protein response and apoptosis induced by an SCN-derived NE mutant, which was associated with sustained activation of AKT and STAT5, and augmented expression of BCL-XL. Thus, the truncated G-CSFRs associated with SCN/AML may protect myeloid precursor cells from apoptosis induced by the NE mutants. We propose that acquisition of CSF3R mutations may represent a mechanism by which myeloid precursor cells carrying the ELANE mutations evade the proapoptotic activity of the NE mutants in SCN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Qiu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606
| | - Nan Hu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606
| | - Fan Dong
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606.
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Wiesmeier M, Gautam S, Kirschnek S, Häcker G. Characterisation of Neutropenia-Associated Neutrophil Elastase Mutations in a Murine Differentiation Model In Vitro and In Vivo. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168055. [PMID: 27942017 PMCID: PMC5152902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) is characterised by a differentiation block in the bone marrow and low neutrophil numbers in the peripheral blood, which correlates with increased risk of bacterial infections. Several underlying gene defects have been identified in SCN patients. Mutations in the neutrophil elastase (ELANE) gene are frequently found in SCN and cyclic neutropenia. Both mislocalization and misfolding of mutant neutrophil elastase protein resulting in ER stress and subsequent induction of the unfolded protein response (UPR) have been proposed to be responsible for neutrophil survival and maturation defects. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms still remain unclear, in part due to the lack of appropriate in vitro and in vivo models. Here we used a system of neutrophil differentiation from immortalised progenitor lines by conditional expression of Hoxb8, permitting the generation of mature near-primary neutrophils in vitro and in vivo. NE-deficient Hoxb8 progenitors were reconstituted with murine and human forms of typical NE mutants representative of SCN and cyclic neutropenia, and differentiation of the cells was analysed in vitro and in vivo. ER stress induction by NE mutations could be recapitulated during neutrophil differentiation in all NE mutant-reconstituted Hoxb8 cells. Despite ER stress induction, no change in survival, maturation or function of differentiating cells expressing either murine or human NE mutants was observed. Further analysis of in vivo differentiation of Hoxb8 cells in a murine model of adoptive transfer did not reveal any defects in survival or differentiation in the mouse. Although the Hoxb8 system has been found to be useful for dissection of defects in neutrophil development, our findings indicate that the use of murine systems for analysis of NE-mutation-associated pathogenesis is complicated by differences between humans and mice in the physiology of granulopoiesis, which may go beyond possible differences in expression and activity of neutrophil elastase itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wiesmeier
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sanjivan Gautam
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Kirschnek
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Georg Häcker
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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29
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Klein C. Children with rare diseases of neutrophil granulocytes: from therapeutic orphans to pioneers of individualized medicine. HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2016; 2016:33-37. [PMID: 27913459 PMCID: PMC6142513 DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2016.1.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophil granulocytes are the most abundant immune cells in the blood yet the pathways orchestrating their differentiation and biological function remain incompletely understood. Studying (ultra-) rare patients with monogenetic defects of neutrophil granulocytes may open new horizons to understand basic principles of hematopoiesis and innate immunity. Here, recent insights into genetic factors controlling myelopoiesis and their more general role in biology will be presented in a clinical perspective. Advances in supportive care, first and foremost the use of recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, has made a substantial difference for the quality of life and life expectancy of patients with congenital neutropenia (CN). Up to date, the only definitive cure can be provided by transplantation of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells. The elucidation of the underlying molecular factors contributing to defective differentiation and function of neutrophil granulocytes nurtures new ideas of targeted individualized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Klein
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Kent MW, Kelher MR, Silliman CC, Quinones R. Neutrophil function in children following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Pediatr Transplant 2016; 20:658-66. [PMID: 27114335 PMCID: PMC5787356 DOI: 10.1111/petr.12714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
HSCT is a lifesaving procedure for children with malignant and non-malignant conditions. The conditioning regimen renders the patient severely immunocompromised and recovery starts with neutrophil (PMN) engraftment. We hypothesize that children demonstrate minimal PMN dysfunction at engraftment and beyond, which is influenced by the stem cell source and the conditioning regimen. Peripheral blood was serially collected from children at 1 to 12 months following allogeneic HSCT. PMN superoxide (O2-) production, degranulation (elastase), CD11b surface expression, and phagocytosis were assessed. Twenty-five patients, mean age of 10.5 yr with 65% males, comprised the study and transplant types included: 14 unrelated cord blood stem cells (cords), seven matched related bone marrow donors, three matched unrelated bone marrow donors, and one peripheral blood progenitor cells. Engraftment occurred at 24 days. There were no significant differences between controls and patients in PMN O2- production, phagocytosis, CD11b surface expression, and total PMN elastase. Elastase release was significantly decreased <6 months vs. controls (p < 0.05) and showed normalization by six months for cords only. The conditioning regimen did not affect PMN function. PMN function returns with engraftment, save elastase release, which occurs later related to the graft source utilized, and its clinical significance is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Kent
- Research Laboratory, Bonfils Blood Center, Denver, CO, USA,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marguerite R. Kelher
- Research Laboratory, Bonfils Blood Center, Denver, CO, USA,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christopher C. Silliman
- Research Laboratory, Bonfils Blood Center, Denver, CO, USA,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO, USA,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ralph Quinones
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
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Khincha PP, Savage SA. Neonatal manifestations of inherited bone marrow failure syndromes. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2016; 21:57-65. [PMID: 26724991 PMCID: PMC4747853 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFS) are a rare yet clinically important cause of neonatal hematological and non-hematological manifestations. Many of these syndromes, such as Fanconi anemia, dyskeratosis congenita and Diamond-Blackfan anemia, confer risks of multiple medical complications later in life, including an increased risk of cancer. Some IBMFS may present with cytopenias in the neonatal period whereas others may present only with congenital physical abnormalities and progress to pancytopenia later in life. A thorough family history and detailed physical examination are integral to the work-up of any neonate in whom there is a high index of suspicion for an IBMFS. Correct detection and diagnosis of these disorders is important for appropriate long-term medical surveillance and counseling not only for the patient but also for appropriate genetic counselling of their families regarding recurrence risks in future children and generations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sharon A. Savage
- Corresponding author. Address: Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 9609, Medical Center Drive, Room 6E 454, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Tel.: +1 240-276-7241; fax: +1 240-276-7836. (S.A. Savage)
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32
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The diversity of mutations and clinical outcomes for ELANE-associated neutropenia. Curr Opin Hematol 2015; 22:3-11. [PMID: 25427142 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Mutations in the gene for neutrophil elastase, ELANE, cause cyclic neutropenia (CyN) and severe congenital neutropenia (SCN). This study summarized data from the Severe Chronic Neutropenia International Registry (SCNIR) on genotype-phenotype relationships of ELANE mutations to important clinical outcomes. We also summarize findings for ELANE mutations not observed in SCNIR patients. RECENT FINDINGS There were 307 SCNIR patients with 104 distinctive ELANE mutations who were followed longitudinally for up to 27 years. The ELANE mutations were diverse; there were 65 single amino acid substitutions; 61 of these mutations (94%) were 'probably' or 'possibly damaging' by PolyPhen-2 analysis, and one of the 'benign' mutations was associated with two cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). All frame-shift mutations (19/19) were associated with the SCN. The pattern of mutations in the SCN versus CyN was significantly different (P < 10), but some mutations were observed in both groups (overlapping mutations). The cumulative incidence of severe adverse events, that is, myelodysplasia, AML, stem cell transplantation, or deaths was significantly greater for patients with SCN versus those with CyN or overlapping mutations. Specific mutations (i.e. G214R or C151Y) had a high risk for evolution to AML. SUMMARY Sequencing is useful for predicting outcomes of ELANE-associated neutropenia.
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Nayak RC, Trump LR, Aronow BJ, Myers K, Mehta P, Kalfa T, Wellendorf AM, Valencia CA, Paddison PJ, Horwitz MS, Grimes HL, Lutzko C, Cancelas JA. Pathogenesis of ELANE-mutant severe neutropenia revealed by induced pluripotent stem cells. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:3103-16. [PMID: 26193632 DOI: 10.1172/jci80924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) is often associated with inherited heterozygous point mutations in ELANE, which encodes neutrophil elastase (NE). However, a lack of appropriate models to recapitulate SCN has substantially hampered the understanding of the genetic etiology and pathobiology of this disease. To this end, we generated both normal and SCN patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and performed genome editing and differentiation protocols that recapitulate the major features of granulopoiesis. Pathogenesis of ELANE point mutations was the result of promyelocyte death and differentiation arrest, and was associated with NE mislocalization and activation of the unfolded protein response/ER stress (UPR/ER stress). Similarly, high-dose G-CSF (or downstream signaling through AKT/BCL2) rescues the dysgranulopoietic defect in SCN patient-derived iPSCs through C/EBPβ-dependent emergency granulopoiesis. In contrast, sivelestat, an NE-specific small-molecule inhibitor, corrected dysgranulopoiesis by restoring normal intracellular NE localization in primary granules; ameliorating UPR/ER stress; increasing expression of CEBPA, but not CEBPB; and promoting promyelocyte survival and differentiation. Together, these data suggest that SCN disease pathogenesis includes NE mislocalization, which in turn triggers dysfunctional survival signaling and UPR/ER stress. This paradigm has the potential to be clinically exploited to achieve therapeutic responses using lower doses of G-CSF combined with targeting to correct NE mislocalization.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations within the ELANE gene, which encodes human neutrophil elastase, are the most common genetic causes of severe congenital neutropenia (SCN). No cases of SCN have been previously described from a Chinese population. Herein, we describe the clinical, hematologic and molecular characteristics of 7 Chinese SCN cases with novel ELANE mutations. METHODS Seven Chinese pediatric patients (4 males and 3 females) with suspected SCN were enrolled in this study. Clinical data, peripheral blood, bone marrow and immune function were evaluated for SCN. ELANE genomic DNA and cDNA sequences from patients and potential carriers were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing. RESULTS All the7 patients experienced recurrent infection (soft tissue, lung, oral cavity) during a period of 120 days. Noninfectious conditions such as anemia and osteopenia were found in most patients, and absolute peripheral neutrophil counts varied. DNA and cDNA sequencing demonstrated that the patients harbored a range of heterozygous ELANE gene mutations, including substitution, deletion, insertion and frame shift alterations. All the mutations had not been reported previously; however, no mutation carriers were identified among the parents or siblings, even in a family with 2 affected offspring. CONCLUSION SCN cases were identified for the first time in China, and all patients carried novel ELANE mutations. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) was an effective treatment for most of the SCN patients and prevented life-threatening bacterial infections.
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JAGN1 deficiency causes aberrant myeloid cell homeostasis and congenital neutropenia. Nat Genet 2014; 46:1021-7. [PMID: 25129144 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of individuals with severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) may shed light on the delicate balance of factors controlling the differentiation, maintenance and decay of neutrophils. We identify 9 distinct homozygous mutations in the JAGN1 gene encoding Jagunal homolog 1 in 14 individuals with SCN. JAGN1-mutant granulocytes are characterized by ultrastructural defects, a paucity of granules, aberrant N-glycosylation of multiple proteins and increased incidence of apoptosis. JAGN1 participates in the secretory pathway and is required for granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor-mediated signaling. JAGN1 emerges as a factor that is necessary in the differentiation and survival of neutrophils.
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Abstract
Neutrophil granulocytes are key effector cells of the vertebrate immune system. They represent 50-70% of the leukocytes in the human blood and their loss by disease or drug side effect causes devastating bacterial infections. Their high turnover rate, their fine-tuned killing machinery, and their arsenal of toxic vesicles leave them particularly vulnerable to various genetic deficiencies. The aim of this review is to highlight those congenital immunodeficiencies which impede the dynamics of neutrophils, such as migration, cytoskeletal rearrangements, vesicular trafficking, and secretion.
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